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The Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) Was Created in June 1933

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The Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) Was Created in June 1933 The Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) was created in June 1933 by the US Congress. The purpose was to refinance mortgages in default to prevent foreclosures. In 1935 Federal Home Loan Bank Board asked HOLC to look at 239 cities and create "residential security maps" to indicate the level of security for real‐estate investments. On the maps, the newest areas — those considered desirable for lending purposes — were outlined in blue and known as "Type A". These were typically affluent suburbs on the outskirts of cities. "Type B" neighborhoods were considered "Still Desirable", whereas older "Type C" neighborhoods were labeled "Declining" and outlined in yellow. "Type D" neighborhoods were outlined in red and were considered the most risky for mortgage support. Fourteen of these cities were in Ohio. The maps were usually hand drawn and hand colored and not published. The area descriptions were typed or hand written on forms. The surviving maps and area descriptions are in the National Archives. Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) Residential Security "Redlining" Map Area Descriptions Dayton, Ohio 1937 Area Descriptions for Dayton, Ohio, 1937. Home Owners' Loan Corporation, box 105, City Survey Files, Record Group 195: Records of the Federal Home Loan Bank Board, National Archives II, College Park, Maryland. City Survey Files, compiled 1935 - 1940 ARC Identifier 720357 I MLR Number A 1 39 Textual Records from the Federal Loan Agency. Federal Home Loan Bank Board. Home Owners' Loan Corporation. (07/01/1939- 02/24/1942) National Archives at College Park- Textual Reference (Civilian), College Park, MD Series from Record Group 195: Records of the Federal Home Loan Bank Board, 1933- 1989 Restrictions and Copyright: This collection is "Unrestricted," according to the Archival Research Catalog for "ARC Identifier 720357" on the NARA website: http://www.archives.gov/research/arc/ 'P Sectiong I Explanation II Street Index III Security Area Descriptions - listed alphabetically and numerically F:r•epared byg Division of Research & Statistics lfith cooperation of the Appraisal Department March l 0 1937 ......ytono Ohio , .. ·• ~ . ... '• · ~ · EXPLANATIOt~ The purpose of the Residential Security Map is to grhphically reflect the trend of desira.bility in neighborhoods from a residential view-point. ::?our classifications are used as indicated by the legend0 namelyg First~ Second. Third and Fourth gra.des. The code letters and color:! are A0 B 0 0 and D, and Green9 Blue~ Yellow and Red respectively. In establishing the ga.de of an an)a.0 such factors as these axe conaideredi intensity of the sale and rentel demand~ percentage of home ownershipi age and type of building; economic stability of area; social status of the population; sufficiency of public utilities,, acces- oibility of schools~ churches 0 and business c~ntere 0 transportation methods; topogra~by of the area; and the restrictions set up to protect the noighborho~d. The price level of the homes is not the guiding factor. The First Grade or A areas are "hot spots 11 ; ·Lhey arc not ye.t fully built up. IIi nearly all instances they are the~ well pla.:oned sections of the city,, and almost synonymous with the areas where good mortgage lendert! with available funds are willing to make their maximum loans to be amortized over a 1()...,15 year- period - - perhaps up to 7& .. 80% of the a.pprai saL They are 1i.i;.rro.r: .. o-ous • in demand as residential locoJ;iona in "good timesu or •oad 11 ; htmce on the up grade. The Second gru.de or B area.s 0 as a rule 11 aro completely develope,~, They are like a 1935 autompbile -- still goodv but not what t:t.e people are buying tode:,- who can afford a new one. They are the neighbo1·hoods where good mortgage lenders will have a tendency to hold loan co~nitruents 10-15~ under the 1iwit. Th~ Third grade or C areas are chara.cterized by age v obsolescencev Uld change of etylei expiring restrictions or lack of them; infiltra tion of a lower gra.de population; the presence of influences which increase sales resistence s11ch as inadequate transportation 6 insufficient utilities 0 p~rhaps heavy tax burdensp poor maintenance of homesg etc. "JerryA built areas are included~ as well as neighborhoods lacking homogeneity. Generally0 these areas have reached the transition period. Good mortgage lenders are more conserva.tive in the Third Grade or C areas and hold loan co~ni tments under the lendine ratio for the A and B areas. The Fourth grade or D areas represent those neigh'··~xhoods in I which the things that are now taking place in the C neighborhoods have already happened. They axe characterized b..y detrimental influences in e Ipronot:mced dogree 9 undesirable pop1uation or an infiltration of it. Low percentage of home ownership; very poor maintenance-and often vandalism preva:lll. Unctable I I ReJ)rdd~ced from th~ bnclassified 1Declassified Holdings o( the Nati.Onal Archiv&(l .. ,,.... at io ., .z:~..,.,.,___ " '" Page 2 Dayton, Olli? incomes of the people tu>.d difficult collections are usually prevalent. The areas are broader than tho so-called shan districts. Some mortgage lenders may re- fuse to make loans in these neighborboods 0 and others will lend only on a con- servative ba.siso These maps and descriptions have been carefully checked witb competent local real estate brokers and mortga.ge lende1·sJ and we believe ths.t they represent a fair a.nd composite opinion of the best qualified loeal p(:'Jopl&c In using them we ~o not mel:m to imply that good mortgages do not exist or cazmot be made in the Third and Fourth grade areas~ but we do thir1k they should bl!l :made on.S. ser.. , viced on a different basis than in the Firat and Second gr&de areaeo ~he following loca.l persons collaborated with the field agent in the prepai·a.,- tion of ·this map and the area descriptionsg I!oward A. Gray Pres14ent 0 Real Estate Board W. D. Johnson Ex~preeident of Real Estate :Boardo Jolm Otto,, :Soard of Directors of the Real Estate Board~ Charles :Brinkma.u Board. of Directors of tbe Real Eatate Board. Clarence A.. Fleming Rome Ownere' Loan Corporation A street index will be found in Section II. Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives F De.yton ~ Ohio ..___ STREET___ nmruc _ Abbey Ave. G=l2 Arnold .i~o.voc :r~. J 2 •B A.bc:rdeen Ave. 0=17 Arnold Pl ., ~r.,.9 13dfm.:rte: A'I!'J . Aca.ci a J.. ve . F-6 Arnpl'ior U=8 Bell Q.. ,l(l Aca.c ia. Dr. 0-H Artz Lane L=lO :Bolla.ire Avtr~,. ~ ... lfi Acorn Dr. 0-l6~P-17 Ashland Av~ ., Q,-15 'Bello .Ave. D-lZ Adair J~5 .Ashley M=12 :Bellefont~ine Ave. Qc.7 Adams 1!=12 Ashridge 'H~H• Bt!!D evue Aveo J~9 Addi.son Ave . J=5 Ashwood Ave~. J,.,5 Ileller.ooC. 1=7 Adell te Ave. H-13 A~:p en .A. ve o r.f.=n :aellflowu Adirondack Trail L-16 Ath~xw .'l..ve~ G=9 :Renmont Pk.E,, K-9 .Adrienne Ave . X=l4 fn.ibU!'l"l _t 'If~ o H 6,II-7 Et~~llmont Pk.U . !.-9 - Aerial Ave . P-18 Audrey Plo H... 7 Bilpre AVe Q=ll Aero Ave. R-20 Audubon Park J-10 Bilpre Pl a.ce P-11 Agricala. A.~1e. Q.~5 Avalon Avo,. Laol5 Belvoir r.-18 Air N-13 Avon '\'fay F-18 Bender G-15 .llam~de. l'l. rr~- a A:ll'on.dale Drive P-5 'Benn Ave • !-10 .Alaska Ave . o~s B~nn E-15 Albany K-12 B~nson Dr . :r~e. .Alberta 'M-1~ B~mtley Q,-7 Alcott G-9 "' Benton Ave,. G=6 Alder F-ll 9 F=l2 Baal Lane M-11 Benton .r~1o Aldine Dr. H-9 BE~bbitt L-9 J3,cn·kel"Y L-l7 Alfred. Dr. E-12 Backus K-11 Berkehirt' Rd P-16 ll.lice l? =l?. Bacon N-lO Bll:nn J~l() Alicia Ava . p .~ 6 :Bader Ave " Q.=B Bor·ry tT=6 Alicia Road ~: .. u Da.inbri.d&;e M-10 B !!!rt :raP.t !I,f. Allen 0=11 BfJ.:!.more-1 Dr o N-20 ].o;~t L~S .All wen D1·. I~7 Eal timore !Li? Det.banie. Ave, ~!-~~ Alma. P=l4 Bancroft !=1:~ n~ve-r1y Ave. Rc:~?O Al.";.l"rwin Dr. R=2 BWl(50l' AV(' ., L=2 Beverly PL ~!=1.5 Al~~r.win Terrace K-9 :Bank K=ll Beverton Dr. R-lP. Almond Ave. E~l2 Bzmker. Bickmol<'e A"V6. 0-7 Alpine Lane N-17 Baxmoc.k M-7 'Bidleo;m Oul2 Alpine Way I=6 Ba.rbou:r Lane L-11 Bit.rce Ave< P~lC' A.lton o~s Barcelona Avo, Q,~7 Bil'!rsa.t:;k Rd. ?'f{~7 AJ.verno Ave. Q,-12 Ba:rclayJ..vE.\o R~8 :B i[hill B.d. L=l9 Alwildy Ave . ,J.~ l3 .J-14 Barkley Qr-7 Billman Rd. C=21 Amelia M=S' Barksdale A•1e o R=9 Bircher .Ave. Q.=9 kn~ricn Ave. 0 ·~7 Bax:t::e do 1 eo D.~-· R~lO Birt,hv;oocl Avo .. .t..mh~rst .Pl. r,. .t, Barling Ave~ Birch~ood Ave., P-18 Anderson 0-13 Bs.rne.tt J,,ll l31rney A:t"e. P=l9 .Andrews 0-12 Ba1·noy s.~l5 Btsh .A\•O$ 11·:.12 ;..
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