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News Digest on Georgia
NEWS DIGEST ON GEORGIA November 28 – December 1 Compiled by: Aleksandre Davitashvili Date: December 2, 2019 Occupied Regions Tskhinvali Region (so called South Ossetia) 1. Another Georgian Sent to Pretrial Custody in Occupied Tskhinvali Georgian citizen Genadi Bestaev, 51, was illegally detained by the „security committee‟ (KGB) of Russia- backed Tskhinvali Region across the line of occupation, near Khelchua village, for “illegally crossing the state border” and “illegal drug smuggling” today. According to the local agency “Res,” Tskhinvali court sentenced Bestaev, native of village Zardiantkari of Gori Municipality, to two-month pretrial custody. According to the same report, in the past, Bastaev was detained by Russia-backed Tskhinvali authorities for “similar offences” multiple times (Civil.ge, November 29, 2019). Foreign Affairs 2. Citizens of Switzerland can enter Georgia with an ID card Citizens of Switzerland can enter Georgia with an ID card, Georgian PM has already signed an official document. „Citizens of Switzerland can enter Georgia on the basis of a travel document, as well as an identity document showing a person‟s name, surname, date of birth and photo,‟ the official document reads. The resolution dated by November 28, 2019, is already in force (1TV, December 1, 2019). Internal Affairs 3. Members of European Parliament on Developments in Georgia On November 27, the European Parliament held a debate on developments in the Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries at its plenary session in Strasbourg. Kati Piri (Netherlands, Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats): “Large protests are currently held in Tbilisi since the government failed to deliver on its commitment to change the electoral code in 2020 to full proportional system. -
EXPERT POLLS Issue #8
October 2018 Georgian Institute of Politics EXPERT POLLS Issue #8 Zurabishvili is in the lead but is unlikely to win the first round, according to experts The candidate endorsed by the Georgian Dream (GD), Salome Zurabishvili, remains the strongest contender in the October 28 presidential election, but she will not win in the first round, according to the latest poll of engaged observers and experts. The expert survey, conducted by the Georgian Institute of Politics (GIP) in early October, is based on the opinions of 40 international and Georgian political observers and experts, whose input was collected through various channels. In sum, these estimates can be viewed as a “corridor of expectations” for the outcome of the upcoming presidential elections. Poll results: “Corridor of Expectations” Salome Zurabishvili / Georgian Dream 31-45 % Grigol Vashadze / United National Movement 20-31 % David Bakradze / European Georgia 12-20 % David Usupashvili / Development Movement 3-9 % Zurab Japaridze / Girchi 2-7 % 1 | WWW.GIP.GE Figure 1: Corridor of expectations (in percent) Who is going to win the presidential election? According to surveyed experts (figure 1), Salome Zurabishvili, who is endorsed by the governing Georgian Dream party, is poised to receive the most votes in the upcoming presidential elections. It is likely, however, that she will not receive enough votes to win the elections in the first round. According to the survey, Zurabishvili’s vote share in the first round of the elections will be between 31-45%. She will be followed by the United National Movement (UNM) candidate, Grigol Vashadze, who is expected to receive between 20-31% of votes. -
Muslim Communities of Georgia
AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF ARMENIA Muslim Communities of Georgia: External Influences and Domestic Challenges A MASTER’S ESSAY SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE SCHOOL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS FOR PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF ARTS BY AMALYA FLJYAN YEREVAN, ARMENIA MAY 2015 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction………………………………………………………………………………….....4 Islam in Georgia: Background .…………………………………………………..……..6 Chapter 1: Literature Review…………………………………………………………………..8 Research Methodology………………………………………………………………………..14 Chapter 2: External Influences and Muslim Communities of Georgia.……………………....15 2.1 Turkey…………………………………………………………………………......15 2.2 Azerbaijan…………………………………………………………………………28 2.3 Iran………………………………………………………………………………...40 Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………………...…….45 Bibliography……………………………………………....…………………………………...47 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my gratitude to people who supported me throughout the whole process of work on my Master’s Essay. First and foremost I would like to thank my supervisor Dr. Vahram Ter-Matevosyan. This work would not be possible without his constant support, patience, energy and dedication. The guidance and encouragement provided throughout the whole period of work on my research contributed to the overall development of my work. I was very fortunate to work with you. Further, I would like to thank the American University of Armenia and the Department of Political Science and International Affairs for creating perfect environment for academic studies. I would like specially thank Dr. Yevgenya Paturyan for her help, support and guidance during the course on Research Design. Your advice was very valuable during the first period of work on our Master’s essays. I would like to thank the Program Chair of the Department of Political Science and International for his work as program chair and support in academic endeavors. -
Letter of Concern of April 2015
7 April 2015 Mr Giorgi Margvelashvili President of Georgia Abdushelishvili st. 1, Tbilisi, Georgia1 Mr Irakli Garibashvili Prime Minister of Georgia 7 Ingorokva St, Tbilisi 0114, Georgia2 Mr David Usupashvili Chairperson of the Parliament of Georgia 26, Abashidze Street, Kutaisi, 4600 Georgia Email: [email protected] Political leaders in Georgia must stop slandering human rights NGOs Mr President, Mr Prime Minister, Mr Chairperson, We, the undersigned members and partners of the Human Rights House Network and the South Caucasus Network of Human Rights Defenders, call upon political leaders in Georgia to stop slandering non-governmental organisations with unfounded accusations and suggestions that their work would harm the country. Since October 2013, public verbal attacks against human rights organisations by leading political figures in Georgia have increased. The situation is starting to resemble to an anti-civil society campaign. In October 2013, the Vice Prime Minister and Minister for Energy Resources of Georgia, Kakhi Kaladze, criticised the non-governmental organisations, which opposed the construction of a hydroelectric power plant and used derogatory terms to express his discontent over their protest.3 In May 2014, you, Mr Prime Minister, slammed NGOs participating in the campaign about privacy rights, “This Affects You,”4 and stated that they “undermine” the functioning of the State and “damage of the international reputation of the country.”5 Such terms do not value disagreement with NGOs and their participation in public debate, but rather delegitimised their work. Further more, the Prime Minister’s statement encouraged other politicians to make critical statements about CSOs and start activities against them. -
Religious Freedom in the Caucasus
1 0 8th CONGRESS Printed for the use of the 2nd Session Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe RELIGIOUS FREEDOM IN THE CAUCASUS ( IFC-S-C-El r July 21, 2004 Briefing of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe WASHINGTON: 2004 COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE 234 Ford House Office Building Washington, DC 20515-6460 (202) 225-1901 [email protected] http://ww.csce.gov LEGISlATIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS HOUSE SENATE CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey BEN NIGHTHORSE CAMPBELL, Colorado Chairman Co-Chairman FRANK R. WOLF, Virginia SAM BROWNBACK, Kansas JOSEPH R. PITTS, Pennsylvania GORDON H. SMITH, Oregon ROBERT B. ADERHOLT, Alabama KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON, Texas ANNE M. NORTHUP, Kentucky SAXBY CHAMBLISS, Georgia BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland CHRISTOPHER J. DODD, Connecticut LOUISE MCINTOSH SLAUGHTER, New York BOB GRAHAM, Florida ALCEE L. HASTINGS, Florida RUSSELL D. FEINGOLD, Wisconsin MIKE MCINTYRE, North Carolina HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON New York ExEcuTwE BRANCH ComIssIoNERs LORNE W. CRANER, Department of State VACANT, Department of Defense WILLIAM HENRY LASH fI, Department of Commerce it ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION FOR SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE The Helsinki process, formally titled the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, traces its origin to the signing of the Helsinki Final Act in Finland on August 1, 1975, by the leaders of 33 European countries, the United States and Canada. As of January 1, 1995, the Helsinki process was renamed the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). The membership of the OSCE has expanded to 55 participating States, reflecting the breakup of the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia. -
Final Report of Monitoring the 2017 Local Self-Government Elections
FINAL REPORT OF MONITORING THE 2017 LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT ELECTIONS INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR FAIR ELECTIONS AND DEMOCRACY (ISFED) 2018 Tbilisi FINAL REPORT OF MONITORING THE 2017 LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT ELECTIONS REPORT PREPARED BY MIKHEIL BENIDZE TAMAR BARTAIA ELENE NIZHARADZE NINO RIZHAMADZE TATIA KINKLADZE DESIGNED BY: TEMO MACHAVARIANI ISFED election observation mission was made possible with the generous support from the American people, through the financial assistance from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The mission was supported by the Federal Foreign Office of Germany and the National Endowment for Democracy (NED). Contribution for observation of the runoff elections also came from the Embassy of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The contents of this report are the sole responsibility of the International Society for Fair Elections and Democracy and may not necessarily reflect the views of USAID, the United States Government, the Federal Republic of Germany, British Embassy, or NED. 2 CONTENT I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 II. ABOUT THE MONITORING MISSION 6 III. POLITICAL CONTEXT AND CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS 8 IV. THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM AND LEGISLATIVE CHANGES 10 V. THE ELECTION ADMINISTRATION 12 VI. STATE AUDIT OFFICE 14 VII. THE INTER-AGENCY COMMISSION FOR FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS 15 VIII. PRE-ELECTION PERIOD 16 IX. MEDIA ENVIRONMENT 19 X. THE ELECTION DAY 20 XI. POST ELECTION PERIOD AND COMPLAINTS PROCESS 27 XII. RECOMMENDATIONS 33 XIII. METHODOLOGY 36 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ICT Information -
Policy P Aper Series
saqarTvelos strategiisa da saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis kvlevis fondi sajaro politikis dokumentebi POLICY SERIES PAPER Mentors: Ekaterine Metreveli Vladimer Papava Aleksandre Kvakhadze Editor: Rusudan Margishvili Technical Editor: Artem Melik-Nubarov All rights reserved and belong to Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including electronic and mechanical, without the prior written permission of the publisher Copyright © 2020 Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies ABOUT THE PROJECT The Policy Paper Series include policy documents developed within the framework of the project - National Minorities in Political Processes – Engagement for Better Future. The papers were elaborated by the young representatives of political parties, for whom it was the first attempt to work on an analytical document. The papers address the challenges and solutions for the ethnic minorities engagement in the political, economic or social life of Georgia. The project was implemented by the Rondel Foundation with the support and active participation of the OSCE High Commissioner on National Minorities (OSCE HCNM). The project aims to increase the political and social inclusion of ethnic minorities and to facilitate healthy policy debate on the issues of national minorities among the political parties, thus overall contributes to the good governance practices. Within the framework of the multi-component project, members of Tbilisi-based political party youth organizations, young people living in Samtskhe-Javakheti and Kvemo Kartli and active representatives of the local community attended various thematic seminars. The project also included thematic meetings of representatives of political parties and government agencies with the representatives of national minorities, the preparation of TV programs, and internships for young people representing ethnic minorities in political parties. -
The Messenger P3
MONDAY, JUNE 29, 2020 The Messenger P3 “Impartial, Informative, Insightful” GEL 3.00 The #114 (4671) Messenger MONDAY, JUNE 29, 2020 WWW.MESSENGER.COM.GE Opposition: First Rurua, then voting Opposition says that they won’t participate in the voting unless Rurua is released from prison. BY NIKA GAMTSEMLIDZE elections. Initially, the ruling party had ruling party and representatives of the finally decide the way the elections should promised the people of the country and opposition have been meeting for several be held. s the Elections of 2020 are coming its international partners that the 2020 months to come up with ideas and plans However, the opposition says that not Acloser, the government of Georgia is elections would have been held in a pro- for this election. all parts of the agreement have been ful- trying to adopt the electoral amendments, portional manner, with no threshold. Finally, with the help of the country’s filled and that Rurua still is in jail. The which will decide the fate of this year’s However, the amendments were not international partners, the decision was Parliament of Georgia will vote on the supported by the ruling party represen- made. Now, the parliament needs to vote tatives, after which, the members of the for the amendments for the third time to CONTINUED ON Page 2 Politics A regional organization of the party, Lelo for Georgia, has been established in Khashuri FULL STORY ON Page 2 Economics 6-year anniversary of EU-Georgia Association Agreement AA officially came into force in 2014 FULL STORY ON Page 3 Giorgi Rurua’s trial is scheduled for June 29th, at 11:00 p.m. -
The Orthodox Church of Georgia and the Ecumenical Movement (Before and After 1997)1
Journal of Eastern Christian Studies 71(1-2), 127-159. doi: 10.2143/JECS.71.1.3285911 © 2019 by Journal of Eastern Christian Studies. All rights reserved. THE ORTHODOX CHURCH OF GEORGIA AND THE ECUMENICAL MOVEMENT (BEFORE AND AFTER 1997)1 David TiniKaShvili (Ilia State University, Institute of Oriental Studies) Introduction Although there are quite a few parallels in development of the Orthodox Church of Georgia (OCG) with other post-Soviet countries after 1991, the OCG is the only one among the Orthodox churches to have completely unexpectedly abandoned the Ecumenical Movement.2 This raises the ques- tion about possible peculiarities of the post-Soviet history of the OCG. It is true that, like the other post-communist countries after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Georgia had to undergo the same national and religious processes of self-realization, but only the OCG cut off completely its former ties with the Ecumenical Movement. Who or what fostered this? How did it become possible for such a decision to be made and where did the inspi- ration originate: from higher up (the hierarchy) or from lower down (the people)? To date, there has been no publication devoted to systematically examining this issue. The word ‘ecumenism’ is derived from the Greek word oikoumene, mean- ing ‘populated land’. For Christians this meant the entire Christian world. This is why the Church Councils are remembered as being ecumenical for example. A movement calling itself ecumenical originated in the begin- ning of the 20th century in the Protestant West. On the basis of this move- ment the largest ecumenical organization – The World Council of Churches 1 This article is the extended version of a paper read at the international seminar ‘The Orthodox Church of Georgia: Forging New Identities in a Global Post-Soviet World’ organized by the Institute of Eastern Christian Studies, Radboud University (Nijmegen, The Netherlands), 15 September 2017. -
Exploring the Erosion of the Post-Soviet Space
FEBRUARY 2019 58 WHAT HAS REMAINED OF THE USSR EXPLORING THE EROSION OF THE POST-SOVIET SPACE Arkady Moshes, András Rácz ( eds.) FEBRUARY 2019 58 WHAT HAS REMAINED OF THE USSR EXPLORING THE EROSION OF THE POST-SOVIET SPACE Arkady Moshes, András Rácz (eds.) FEBRUARY 2019 58 This publication is the final report of a research project conducted by the Finnish Institute of International Affairs with the participation of a group of European and Russian experts on the post-Soviet space. The project was co-funded by FIIA and Konrad Adenauer Foundation. Reports can be ordered from the Finnish Institute of International Affairs. +358 9 432 7707 [email protected] All FIIA reports and other publications are also available on our website at www.fiia.fi Language editing: Joan Nordlund and Lynn Nikkanen Graphic design: Mainostoimisto SST Oy Layout: Kaarina Tammisto Printed by Punamusta Oy, 2019 ISBN (print) 978-951-769-592-3 ISBN (web) 978-951-769-593-0 ISSN 2323-5454 The Finnish Institute of International Affairs is an independent research institute that produces high-level research to support political decisionmaking and public debate both nationally and in- ternationally. All manuscripts are reviewed by at least two other experts in the field to ensure the high quality of the publications. In addition, publications undergo professional language checking and editing. The responsibility for the views expressed ultimately rests with the authors. CONTENTS List of abbreviations 8 Introduction 11 Arkady Moshes, András Rácz PART ONE 17 1. The law and politics of post-Soviet constitutionalism 21 Peter Van Elsuwege 2. -
Essays in Orthodox Ecclesiology
ESSAYS IN ORTHODOX ECCLESIOLOGY Vladimir Moss © Copyright: Vladimir Moss, 2014. All Rights Reserved. 1 INTRODUCTION 4 1. THE CHURCH AS THE BRIDE OF CHRIST 5 2. DO HERETICS HAVE THE GRACE OF SACRAMENTS? 20 3. THE BRANCH AND MONOLITH THEORIES OF THE CHURCH 42 4. THE ECUMENICAL PATRIARCHATE AND THE NEW WORLD ORDER 52 5. THE CYPRIANITES, THE TIKHONITES AND BISHOP AGATHANGELUS 58 6. WHAT IS THE LOCAL CHURCH? 62 7. THE HERESY OF ECCLESIASTICAL ELITISM 76 8. ON THE CONDEMNATION OF HERETICS 80 9. THE CESSATION OF DIALOGUE 94 10. THE LIMITS OF THE CHURCH: A REVIEW OF THE ARGUMENT 97 11. “THERE IS NONE THAT WATCHETH OUT FOR MY SOUL” 106 12. PATRISTIC TESTIMONIES ON THE BODY AND BLOOD OF CHRIST 112 13. SCRIPTURAL AND PATRISTIC TESTIMONIES ON THE NECESSITY OF HAVING NO COMMUNION WITH HERETICS AND SCHISMATICS 122 14. KHOMIAKOV ON SOBORNOST’ 125 15. THE ABRAHAMIC COVENANT 130 16. THE UNITY OF THE TRUE ORTHODOX CHURCH 145 17. ON NOT ROCKING THE BOAT 160 18. ORTHODOXY, UNIVERSALISM AND NATIONALISM 169 19. IN DEFENCE OF THE TRUE ORTHODOX CHURCH OF GREECE 187 20. THE POWER OF ANATHEMA 193 21. THE APOSTOLIC SUCCESSION OF THE ROMANIAN OLD CALENDARIST CHURCHES 210 22. IS THE SERBIAN TRUE ORTHODOX CHURCH SCHISMATIC? 219 23. TOWARDS THE EIGHTH ECUMENICAL COUNCIL 243 24. THE KALLINIKITE UNIA 250 25. TOWARDS THE “MAJOR SYNOD” OF THE TRUE ORTHODOX CHURCH 262 2 26. THE KALLINIKITE UNIA – CONTINUED 271 3 INTRODUCTION This book collects into one place various articles on ecclesiological themes that I have written in the last fifteen years or so. -
David Usupashvili
David Usupashvili Chairman of the Parliament of Georgia David Usupashvili was elected as Chairman of the Parliament of Georgia on October 21, 2012. He has been Chairman of the Republican Party of Georgia (ALDE and LI member party) since 2005 and Deputy Chairman of the Political Coalition “Georgian Dream” since October 2011. David Usupashvili was born in Signagi, Georgia, on March 5, 1968. He graduated from Magaro Secondary School and continued education at IvaneJavakhishvili Tbilisi State University, where he obtained Diploma of Honours in Law (1985 - 1992). He received Master’s Degree in International Development Policy from Duke University, Terry Sanford Institute of Public Policy, USA (1997 - 1999). From 1999 to 2005 he worked for an USAID funded Rule of Law program, as Deputy Chief of Party and Senior Legal and Policy Advisor. During 2000 – 2001,David Usupashvili worked as an Executive Secretary for Anti-Corruption Working Group under President of Georgia. David Usupashvili was a founder of one of the first Georgian NGOs, Georgian Young Lawyers Associationthat promoted and largely contributed to democratization processes in Georgia. As a first Chairman he coordinated implementation of major rule of law programs (1994 - 1997). From 1992 to 1994 he worked for the President of Georgia as Senior Legal Adviser and Special Envoy of the President to Parliament and Constitutional Commission of Georgia. From 1989 to 1995 he served at the Central Election Commission of Georgia, as Chief Legal Consultant, Head of Legal Department and Member. David Usupashvili was a member of various boards of the leading Georgian NGOs such as GYLA, OSGF, TI, ISFED, ect.