Propagation of the Native North American Shrub Lonicera Villosa and Trait Comparisons with Nonnative Congeneric Taxa Darren J
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Beechwood Gardens Ophelia Box Honeysuckle
Ophelia Box Honeysuckle* Lonicera nitida 'Briliame' Height: 4 feet Spread: 4 feet Sunlight: Hardiness Zone: 4b Other Names: Boxleaf Honeysuckle, Shrubby Honeysuckle Ophelia Box Honeysuckle Photo courtesy of NetPS Plant Finder Description: Valued for its very showy white flowers in spring and tiny pinnate leaves; the inedible purple fruit is sparsely produced; makes a fantastic hedge or container plant Ornamental Features Ophelia Box Honeysuckle has attractive green foliage which emerges chartreuse in spring. The tiny glossy oval pinnately compound leaves are highly ornamental and remain green throughout the winter. It is clothed in stunning lightly-scented creamy white tubular flowers at the ends of the branches in late spring. It produces deep purple berries in late summer. Landscape Attributes Ophelia Box Honeysuckle is a dense multi-stemmed evergreen shrub with a shapely form and gracefully arching branches. It lends an extremely fine and delicate texture to the landscape composition which can make it a Ophelia Box Honeysuckle foliage great accent feature on this basis alone. Photo courtesy of NetPS Plant Finder This shrub will require occasional maintenance and upkeep, and is best pruned in late winter once the threat of extreme cold has passed. It is a good choice for attracting butterflies and hummingbirds to your yard. Gardeners should be aware of the following characteristic(s) that may warrant special consideration; - Insects - Disease 361 N. Hunter Highway Drums, PA 18222 (570) 788-4181 www.beechwood-gardens.com Ophelia Box Honeysuckle is recommended for the following landscape applications; - Mass Planting - Hedges/Screening - General Garden Use - Groundcover - Topiary Planting & Growing Ophelia Box Honeysuckle will grow to be about 4 feet tall at maturity, with a spread of 4 feet. -
Planting Plan Layout and Density/Centres As Shown
© Floyd Matcham (Dorset) Ltd 2019 SOFT LANDSCAPE WORKS SPECIFICATION NOTE: THIS DRAWING HAS BEEN PRODUCED BY ELECTRONIC 40 No.Cotoneaster conspicuus 'Decorus' PREPARATION MEANS. SUBSOIL SURFACE PREPARATION Loosening: - Light and non-cohesive subsoils: When ground conditions are reasonably SHOULD THE SCALE MEASUREMENTS BE TAKEN BY MEANS OTHER THAN ELECTRONIC (e.g. FROM A PRINTED COPY), dry, loosen thoroughly to a depth of 300 mm. - Stiff clay and cohesive subsoils: When ground conditions are reasonably THE FOLLOWING MUST BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION 1 No.Carpinus betulus 'A Beeckman' dry, loosen thoroughly to a depth of 450 mm. BEFORE SCALING IS UNDERTAKEN: 31 No.Pachysandra terminalis 'Green Carpet' 1. ENSURE THAT THE COPY HAS BEEN PRINTED/PLOTTED ON THE STATED SHEET SIZE WITH THE PLOTTING SCALE IMPORTED TOPSOIL (TO BS 3882) Provide to fill planting beds Grade: To BS 3882, Multi Purpose Grade. Source: Submit SET TO A CORRECT RATIO 14 No.Lonicera nitida 'May Green' proposals. Submit: Declaration of analysis including information detailing each of the relevant parameters given in BS 2. ENSURE THAT AN ADEQUATE ALLOWANCE (DEPENDANT O E M O R A A L F ON THE STATED SCALE) IS MADE FOR THE INEVITABLE 18 No.Ilex crenata 'Fastigiata' 3882, clause 6 and table 2. DISTORTIONS INTRODUCED BY PLOTTING/PRINTING AND A LF A COPYING PROCESSES R O M OE 1 No. Carpinus betulus 'A Beeckman' 24 No.Euonymus jap. 'Green Rocket' SPREADING TOPSOIL Layers: - Depth (maximum): 150 mm. - Gently firm each layer before spreading the next. Depths 30 No.Choisya 'White Dazzler' after firming and settlement (minimum): 450 mm for shrub planting and 150mm for lawn Crumb structure: Do not 1 No.Carpinus betulus 'A Beeckman' compact topsoil. -
Lonicera Spp
Species: Lonicera spp. http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/shrub/lonspp/all.html SPECIES: Lonicera spp. Choose from the following categories of information. Introductory Distribution and occurrence Botanical and ecological characteristics Fire ecology Fire effects Fire case studies Management considerations References INTRODUCTORY SPECIES: Lonicera spp. AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION FEIS ABBREVIATION SYNONYMS NRCS PLANT CODE COMMON NAMES TAXONOMY LIFE FORM FEDERAL LEGAL STATUS OTHER STATUS AUTHORSHIP AND CITATION: Munger, Gregory T. 2005. Lonicera spp. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [2007, September 24]. FEIS ABBREVIATIONS: LONSPP LONFRA LONMAA LONMOR LONTAT LONXYL LONBEL SYNONYMS: None NRCS PLANT CODES [172]: LOFR LOMA6 LOMO2 LOTA LOXY 1 of 67 9/24/2007 4:44 PM Species: Lonicera spp. http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/shrub/lonspp/all.html LOBE COMMON NAMES: winter honeysuckle Amur honeysuckle Morrow's honeysuckle Tatarian honeysuckle European fly honeysuckle Bell's honeysuckle TAXONOMY: The currently accepted genus name for honeysuckle is Lonicera L. (Caprifoliaceae) [18,36,54,59,82,83,93,133,161,189,190,191,197]. This report summarizes information on 5 species and 1 hybrid of Lonicera: Lonicera fragrantissima Lindl. & Paxt. [36,82,83,133,191] winter honeysuckle Lonicera maackii Maxim. [18,27,36,54,59,82,83,131,137,186] Amur honeysuckle Lonicera morrowii A. Gray [18,39,54,60,83,161,186,189,190,197] Morrow's honeysuckle Lonicera tatarica L. [18,38,39,54,59,60,82,83,92,93,157,161,186,190,191] Tatarian honeysuckle Lonicera xylosteum L. -
Japanese Honeysuckle Wildland (Lonicera Japonica Thunb.) Gary N
Japanese Honeysuckle Wildland (Lonicera japonica Thunb.) Gary N. Ervin, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Mississippi State University John D. Madsen, Ph.D., Extension/Research Professor, Mississippi State University Ryan M. Wersal, Research Associate, Mississippi State University Fig. 1. Japanese honeysuckle vine climbing up a tree. Fig. 2. Flowers of Japanese honeysuckle. Introduction Problems Created Japanese honeysuckle was introduced from Japan in the early 1800s and now is one of the most commonly encoun- tered exotic weeds in the Mid-South. This species frequently overtops and displaces native plants and forestry species in any habitat, but particularly where natural or human activities creates edges. Japanese honeysuckle also is somewhat shade tolerant and can be found in relatively densely canopied forest. This species perenniates with the aid of well de- veloped root and rhizome systems, by which it also is capable of spreading vegetatively, in addition to rooting at nodes along aboveground stems. Both features contribute substantially to its rapid dominance over native vegetation. Regulations Japanese honeysuckle is listed as a noxious weed in CT, MA, NH, and VT. In the southeast, Japanese honeysuckle is considered a severe invasion threat in KY, SC, and TN. It is considered one of the top ten invasive plants in GA, and is listed as a category one invasive in Florida. It is not presently listed in any noxious weed legislation in southern states. Description Vegetative Growth Japanese honeysuckle exhibits a semi-evergreen to evergreen life cycle and is readily identified during winter by its per- sistent green foliage. Its vines may climb and/or spread along the ground to lengths of 80’. -
Phylogeny and Phylogenetic Taxonomy of Dipsacales, with Special Reference to Sinadoxa and Tetradoxa (Adoxaceae)
PHYLOGENY AND PHYLOGENETIC TAXONOMY OF DIPSACALES, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SINADOXA AND TETRADOXA (ADOXACEAE) MICHAEL J. DONOGHUE,1 TORSTEN ERIKSSON,2 PATRICK A. REEVES,3 AND RICHARD G. OLMSTEAD 3 Abstract. To further clarify phylogenetic relationships within Dipsacales,we analyzed new and previously pub- lished rbcL sequences, alone and in combination with morphological data. We also examined relationships within Adoxaceae using rbcL and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. We conclude from these analyses that Dipsacales comprise two major lineages:Adoxaceae and Caprifoliaceae (sensu Judd et al.,1994), which both contain elements of traditional Caprifoliaceae.Within Adoxaceae, the following relation- ships are strongly supported: (Viburnum (Sambucus (Sinadoxa (Tetradoxa, Adoxa)))). Combined analyses of C ap ri foliaceae yield the fo l l ow i n g : ( C ap ri folieae (Diervilleae (Linnaeeae (Morinaceae (Dipsacaceae (Triplostegia,Valerianaceae)))))). On the basis of these results we provide phylogenetic definitions for the names of several major clades. Within Adoxaceae, Adoxina refers to the clade including Sinadoxa, Tetradoxa, and Adoxa.This lineage is marked by herbaceous habit, reduction in the number of perianth parts,nectaries of mul- ticellular hairs on the perianth,and bifid stamens. The clade including Morinaceae,Valerianaceae, Triplostegia, and Dipsacaceae is here named Valerina. Probable synapomorphies include herbaceousness,presence of an epi- calyx (lost or modified in Valerianaceae), reduced endosperm,and distinctive chemistry, including production of monoterpenoids. The clade containing Valerina plus Linnaeeae we name Linnina. This lineage is distinguished by reduction to four (or fewer) stamens, by abortion of two of the three carpels,and possibly by supernumerary inflorescences bracts. Keywords: Adoxaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Dipsacales, ITS, morphological characters, phylogeny, phylogenetic taxonomy, phylogenetic nomenclature, rbcL, Sinadoxa, Tetradoxa. -
Japanese Honeysuckle)
No. 09 March 2010 Lonicera japonica (Japanese Honeysuckle) Initial Introduction and Expansion in Range Introduced to the United States in the early to mid-1800s as an ornamental plant, Lonicera japonica is native to East Asia, including Japan and Korea. It is still promoted by some landscapes architects for its rapid growth and fragrant flowers that linger on the vine throughout most of the summer. Wildlife managers have promoted the plant as winter forage, particularly for deer. Still others are nostalgic about this plant, remembering the sweet nectar they enjoyed as children. Lonicera japonica is now found across the southern United States from California to New England and the Great Lakes Region. Lonicera japonica spreads locally by long aboveground runners and underground rhizomes. The runners develop roots at the nodes (stem and leaf junctions) so this plant often forms dense mats. Under high light conditions, the plants are able to flower and produce fruits that can be dispersed long distances primarily by birds. Description and Biology • Perennial trailing or twining vine. In North Carolina, it is considered semi-evergreen to evergreen. • Young stems are slender, while older stems are hollow and up to 2 inches in diameter with brownish bark that peels in long strips. • Oblong to oval shaped leaves are 1 to 2 and a half inches long arranged in opposite pairs along the stem. Mature leaves have smooth edges and young leaves are often lobed. • White and pale yellow, trumpet-shaped flowers occur in pairs from between the leaves and bloom from late April to August. • Small, nearly spherical, black fruits mature in autumn. -
Viburnum Opulus Var. Americanum
Viburnum opulus L. var. americanum (Mill.) Ait. (American cranberrybush): A Technical Conservation Assessment Prepared for the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Species Conservation Project May 8, 2006 James E. Nellessen Taschek Environmental Consulting 8901 Adams St. NE Ste D Albuquerque, NM 87113-2701 Peer Review Administered by Society for Conservation Biology Nellessen, J.E. (2006, May 8). Viburnum opulus L. var. americanum (Mill.) Ait. (American cranberrybush): a technical conservation assessment. [Online]. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region. Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/r2/projects/scp/assessments/viburnumopulusvaramericanum.pdf [date of access]. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Production of this assessment would not have been possible without the help of others. I wish to thank David Wunker for his help conducting Internet searches for information on Viburnum opulus var. americanum. I wish to thank Dr. Ron Hartman for supplying photocopies of herbarium specimen labels from the University of Wyoming Rocky Mountain Herbarium. Numerous other specimen labels were obtained through searches of on-line databases, so thanks go to those universities, botanic gardens, and agencies (cited in this document) for having such convenient systems established. I would like to thank local Region 2 botanists Bonnie Heidel of the Wyoming Natural Heritage Program, and Katherine Zacharkevics and Beth Burkhart of the Black Hills National Forest for supplying information. Thanks go to Paula Nellessen for proofing the draft of this document. Thanks go to Teresa Hurt and John Taschek of Taschek Environmental Consulting for supplying tips on style and presentation for this document. Thanks are extended to employees of the USDA Forest Service Region 2, Kathy Roche and Richard Vacirca, for reviewing, supplying guidance, and making suggestions for assembling this assessment. -
(Lonicera Caerulea L.) by James K. Dawson a Th
Concentration and Content of Secondary Metabolites in Fruit and Leaves of Haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) by James K. Dawson A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the Department of Plant Sciences ©James K. Dawson 2017 University of Saskatchewan All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. PERMISSION TO USE In presenting this thesis/dissertation in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Postgraduate degree from the University of Saskatchewan, I agree that the Libraries of this University may make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for copying of this thesis/dissertation in any manner, in whole or in part, for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professor or professors who supervised my thesis/dissertation work or, in their absence, by the Head of the Department or the Dean of the College in which my thesis work was done. It is understood that any copying or publication or use of this thesis/dissertation or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to the University of Saskatchewan in any scholarly use which may be made of any material in my thesis/dissertation. Requests for permission to copy or to make other uses of materials in this thesis/dissertation in whole or part should be addressed to: Head of the Department of Plant Sciences Dean University of Saskatchewan College of Graduate Studies and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8 OR University of Saskatchewan Canada 107 Administration Place Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A2 Canada i ABSTRACT The University of Saskatchewan (UofS) has been conducting crosses of Lonicera caerulea and releasing genotypes for fruit production under the name “Haskap”. -
Mistaken Identity? Invasive Plants and Their Native Look-Alikes: an Identification Guide for the Mid-Atlantic
Mistaken Identity ? Invasive Plants and their Native Look-alikes an Identification Guide for the Mid-Atlantic Matthew Sarver Amanda Treher Lenny Wilson Robert Naczi Faith B. Kuehn www.nrcs.usda.gov http://dda.delaware.gov www.dsu.edu www.dehort.org www.delawareinvasives.net Published by: Delaware Department Agriculture • November 2008 In collaboration with: Claude E. Phillips Herbarium at Delaware State University • Delaware Center for Horticulture Funded by: U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service Cover Photos: Front: Aralia elata leaf (Inset, l-r: Aralia elata habit; Aralia spinosa infloresence, Aralia elata stem) Back: Aralia spinosa habit TABLE OF CONTENTS About this Guide ............................1 Introduction What Exactly is an Invasive Plant? ..................................................................................................................2 What Impacts do Invasives Have? ..................................................................................................................2 The Mid-Atlantic Invasive Flora......................................................................................................................3 Identification of Invasives ..............................................................................................................................4 You Can Make a Difference..............................................................................................................................5 Plant Profiles Trees Norway Maple vs. Sugar -
Conserving Plant Diversity in New England
CONSERVING PLANT DIVERSITY IN NEW ENGLAND A COLLABORATION OF CONSERVING PLANT DIVERSITY IN NEW ENGLAND A COLLABORATION OF AUTHORS Mark Anderson Director of Conservation Science, Eastern United States, The Nature Conservancy Michael Piantedosi Director of Conservation, Native Plant Trust William Brumback Director of Conservation Emeritus, Native Plant Trust MAP PRODUCTION Arlene Olivero WEB TOOL Melissa Clark DESIGN Rachel Wolff-Lander Kate Wollensak Freeborn The authors wish to thank the six state Natural Heritage programs for sharing their data and for their support. ©2021 Published June 2021 © Peter James CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ES-1 PART ONE: CONSERVING PLANT DIVERSITY 1-1 Background 1-2 • Plant Diversity and Resilience 1-2 • Global Strategy for Plant Conservation and Global Deal for Nature 1-7 • Secured Lands and GAP Status 1-9 • New England Flora and Rare Taxa 1-11 • Threats to Plant Diversity in New England 1-14 • Conservation Actions to Counter Threats to Plant Diversity 1-17 Conservation of Habitats and Important Plant Areas 1-21 Introduction 1-21 • Terminology 1-21 • Overview and Methods 1-22 Conservation of Habitats: Progress Toward Global and Regional Goals 1-26 • Matrix Forests 1-26 • Wetlands 1-30 • Patch-forming Habitats 1-33 • Risk of Conversion 1-36 Conservation of Important Plant Areas (IPAs) 1-37 • Definition and Location of IPAs 1-37 • Conservation Status and Progress Toward Goals 1-40 • Representation of Habitats in the IPAs 1-42 Conservation of Threatened Species 1-48 • Threatened Plants Conserved in situ 1-48 • Threatened Plants Conserved in ex situ Collections 1-49 Results and Recommendations 1-58 i CONTENTS continued PART TWO: STATUS REPORT AND MAPS 2-1 Overview 2-4 New England’s Terrestrial Habitats 2-7 Map Page Layout 2-13 Upland Habitats: Matrix Forest 2-16 Upland Habitats: Patch-forming Habitats 2-53 Wetland Habitats 2-80 PART THREE: SUPPORTING MATERIAL 3-1 Bibliography 3-2 Appendices 3-11 1. -
FINAL Phyton-Lonicera Maackii
Thompson, R.L. and D.B. Poindexter. 2011. Species richness after Lonicera maackii removal from an old cemetery macroplot on Dead Horse Knob, Madison County, Kentucky. Phytoneuron 2011-50: 1–16. Published 10 Oct 2011. ISSN 2153 733X SPECIES RICHNESS AFTER LONICERA MAACKII REMOVAL FROM AN OLD CEMETERY MACROPLOT ON DEAD HORSE KNOB, MADISON COUNTY, KENTUCKY RALPH L. THOMPSON 1, 2 1 Hancock Biological Station Murray State University Murray, Kentucky 42071 2 Berea College Herbarium, Biology Department Berea, Kentucky 40404 [email protected] DERICK B. POINDEXTER I.W. Carpenter, Jr. Herbarium Appalachian State University, Biology Department Boone, North Carolina 28608 [email protected] ABSTRACT The predominance of Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Herder (Amur Honeysuckle) in central Kentucky has made it a significant invasive for continued community interaction studies. To better understand the dynamics of vegetation succession with respect to this species and overall species richness, quantitative floristics of two macroplots were made at the summit (312 m) of Dead Horse Knob (Rucker’s Knob) near Berea, in Madison County, east-central Kentucky. An old abandoned cemetery was cleared of L. maackii and a macroplot (20 x 12 m) served as a test plot, while a second macroplot was placed within a dense thicket of L. maackii to serve as a reference plot. Thirty quadrats (1 x 1 m) were randomly placed within each macroplot as a means to determine species frequency. A full floristic survey was then conducted of each macroplot. Results from frequency data suggest that native annual and perennial species will quickly recolonize an area after removal of Amur Honeysuckle and become the most important components of the site. -
Flora of South Australia 5Th Edition | Edited by Jürgen Kellermann
Flora of South Australia 5th Edition | Edited by Jürgen Kellermann KEY TO FAMILIES1 J.P. Jessop2 The sequence of families used in this Flora follows closely the one adopted by the Australian Plant Census (www.anbg.gov. au/chah/apc), which in turn is based on that of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG III 2009) and Mabberley’s Plant Book (Mabberley 2008). It differs from previous editions of the Flora, which were mainly based on the classification system of Engler & Gilg (1919). A list of all families recognised in this Flora is printed in the inside cover pages with families already published highlighted in bold. The up-take of this new system by the State Herbarium of South Australia is still in progress and the S.A. Census database (www.flora.sa.gov.au/census.shtml) still uses the old classification of families. The Australian Plant Census web-site presents comparison tables of the old and new systems on family and genus level. A good overview of all families can be found in Heywood et al. (2007) and Stevens (2001–), although these authors accept a slightly different family classification. A number of names with which people using this key may be familiar but are not employed in the system used in this work have been included for convenience and are enclosed on quotation marks. 1. Plants reproducing by spores and not producing flowers (“Ferns and lycopods”) 2. Aerial shoots either dichotomously branched, with scale leaves and 3-lobed sporophores or plants with fronds consisting of a simple or divided sterile blade and a simple or branched spikelike sporophore ..................................................................................