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Rise in Nregs Demand (PRELIMS + MAINS FOCUS) SCO ONLINE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION Venkaiah Naidu, Vice President of India & Chair of the SCO Council of Heads of Government in 2020, launched the first ever SCO Online Exhibition on Shared Buddhist Heritage, during the 19th Meeting of the SCO Council of Heads of Government (SCO CHG), held in New Delhi, in video-conference format. About: This SCO online International exhibition, first ever of its kind, is developed and curated by National Museum, New Delhi, in active collaboration with Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) member countries. The exhibition deploys state of the art technologies like 3D scanning, webGL platform, virtual space utilization, innovative curation and narration methodology etc. Buddhist philosophy and art of Central Asia connects Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) countries to each other. The visitors can explore the Indian Buddhist treasures from the Gandhara and Mathura Schools, Nalanda, Amaravati, Sarnath etc. in a 3D virtual format. PEACOCK SOFT-SHELLED TURTLE Recently, Peacock soft-shelled turtle (a turtle of a vulnerable species) has been rescued from a fish market in Assam’s Silchar. Key Points Scientific Name: Nilssonia hurum. Features: They have a large head, downturned snout with low and oval carapace of dark olive green to nearly black, sometimes with a yellow rim. The head and limbs are olive green; the forehead has dark reticulations and large yellow or orange patches or spots, especially behind the eyes and across the snout. Males possess relatively longer and thicker tails than females. Habitat: This species is confined to India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. In india, it is widespread in the northern and central parts of the Indian subcontinent. These are found in rivers, streams, lakes and ponds with mud or sand bottoms. Major Threats: The species is heavily exploited for its meat and calipee (the outer cartilaginous rim of the shell). Threats in the River Ganga to the species are those generics for all large river turtles, including reduction of fish stock, as a result of overfishing, pollution, increase in river traffic, and sand-mining, among others. Conservation Status: Wildlife Protection Act, 1972: Schedule I IUCN Red List: Vulnerable CITES: Appendix I ORGANISATION OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION (OIC) India hit out at the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) for making factually incorrect and unwarranted references to Jammu and Kashmir. About: The 47th session of the OIC Council of Foreign Ministers on November 27-29 at Niamey, Niger, had made a reference to India over its policies on J&K. The OIC — formerly Organisation of the Islamic Conference — is the world’s second largest inter-governmental organisation after the UN, with a membership of 57 states. The OIC’s stated objective is “to safeguard and protect the interests of the Muslim world in the spirit of promoting international peace and harmony among various people of the world”. OIC has reserved membership for Muslim-majority countries. Russia, Thailand, and a couple of other small countries have Observer status. RISE IN NREGS DEMAND Recently in News A recent analysis of data available up to November on the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) portal shows that demand for work has been at all-time high. Key Points The NREGS is a demand-based scheme and has emerged as a safety net during the pandemic for jobless migrant workers returning to their villages Despite a progressive relaxation in Covid-19 curbs to revive the economy, 96% gram panchayats have logged work under the scheme in the financial year (2020-21) as compared to previous seven years. The number of gram panchayats generating nil person days of work (panchayats with zero person days work) during the current financial year are at an eight-year low of only 3.42% of the 2.68 lakh gram panchayats across the country. www.ambitionias.in 1 Over 96% of gram panchayats across the country have registered demand for work under NREGS from April till November-end. Over 6.5 crore households, covering 9.42 crore individuals, have availed NREGS till November 2020, which is an all- time high. Over 265.81 crore person days have been generated, which is higher than 265.44 crore generated in 2019. 1.98 crore households availed the scheme in October 2020, which is 82% higher than 2019. Highest number of demands for work came from Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. The wage expenditure has also reached an all-time high of Rs. 53,522 crore during this period. Tamil Nadu has reported the highest figure of households that availed the NREGS across the country, since July and has been followed by West Bengal. These two states were not covered under the Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyaan. ANNAPURNA IDOL In the November 29 episode of Mann Ki Baat, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced that an ancient idol of the goddess Annapurna, stolen from India about a century ago, is being brought back from Canada. About: This idol was stolen from a temple of Varanasi and smuggled out of the country around 100 years ago somewhere around 1913. Annapurna, also spelt Annapoorna, is the goddess of food. The 18th-century idol, carved in the Benares style, is part of the University of Regina, Canada’s collection at the MacKenzie Art Gallery. Important Info: Other objects returned: A few weeks ago, Union Culture Minister Prahlad Patel handed over 13th-century bronze idols of Lord Rama, Lakshmana and goddess Sita, which were repatriated from the UK recently, to the Tamil Nadu government. Between 2014 and 2020, the government has been able to retrieve 40 antiquities from various countries; between 1976 and 2014, as per ASI records, 13 antique pieces had been repatriated to India. RAMAYAN CRUISE TOUR Union Minister of Ports, Shipping and Waterways announced that ‘Ramayan Cruise Tour’ on the Saryu river in Ayodhya will be launched soon. About: It will be the first-ever luxury Cruise service on the Saryu river (Ghagra/National Waterways-40) in Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh. It aims to give mesmerizing experience to devotees with one-of-its-kind spiritual journeys while cruising through the famous ghats of the holy river Saryu. Tourists will be taken on the ‘Ramcharitmanas Tour’, of 1-1.5 hour duration, featuring an exclusively made video film of 45-60 minutes duration, based on Ramcharitmanas by Goswami Tulsidas, covering the period from the birth of Lord Ram to his Rajyabhishek. Important Info: Ayodhya is the birthplace of Lord Ram, as mentioned in in the great Indian epic Ramayan. It is also the first of the seven most important pilgrimage sites (Mokshdayini Sapt Puris) for the Hindus. VIRTUAL AADI MAHOTSAV Recently in News The Ministry of Tribal Affairs has launched the virtual edition of Aadi Mahotsav - Madhya Pradesh. The next focus state would be Gujarat, followed by West Bengal. Key Points Aadi Mahotsav: It is a national tribal festival and a joint initiative of the Ministry of Tribal Affairs and the Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India (TRIFED). It commenced in 2017 and is held annually. It is an attempt to familiarise the people with the rich and diverse craft, culture of the tribal communities across the country, in one place. In 2019, the festival was held in New Delhi and featured an exhibition-cum-sale of tribal handicrafts, art, paintings, fabric, jewellery, etc. Virtual Edition of Aadi Mahotsav: This year, TRIFED has moved the event online and will be hosted on the Tribes India E-Marketplace. It will bring the spotlight on all the major tribes one-by one. ‘CHILD-FRIENDLY’ POLICE STATION LAUNCHED IN PUNE A "child-friendly" police station set up in accordance with the guidelines laid down by the National Commissioner for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) was launched in Pune. About: Pune police have worked with Hope for Children Foundation to set up this. Child-friendly police station is an innovative concept in the direction of preventing juvenile crimes and children reforms. www.ambitionias.in 2 This police station will work towards character building among children and will also work in changing the notion that police are not enemies but friends of people. The child friendly police station houses books and toys and will also work towards character building among children. CRITICISM OF POLICIES ON KASHMIR: OIC Recently in News India has ‘strongly’ rejected the criticism of its Kashmir policy by the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). The 47th session of the OIC Council of Foreign Ministers, held at Niamey (Niger), had made a reference to India over its policies on Jammu and Kashmir. Key Points 47th Session of OIC: A report submitted at the 47th session referred to the situation in Jammu and Kashmir. It said that the decision of the Indian government to repeal special status (in 2019) was aimed towards changing the demographic and geographic composition of the territory. The continuous blockade and restrictions together have led to human rights abuses. The statement acknowledged the support that Pakistan has been providing to keep the Kashmir issue on the agenda of the organisation. India’s Stand: India strongly hit out at the OIC, accusing it of making "factually incorrect and unwarranted" references to Jammu and Kashmir in resolutions adopted by the grouping at the session. India asserted that the union territory is an integral and inalienable part of the country. India advised the OIC to refrain from making such references in future and said it is regrettable that the grouping continues to allow itself to be used by a certain country "which has an abominable record on religious tolerance, radicalism and persecution of minorities" in a clear reference to Pakistan. Significance of India’s latest statement: India believes to bust the double standard of OIC, where it supports the agenda of Pakistan in the name of human rights.
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