EASST Review Volume 25 (4) European Association for the Study of Science and December 2006

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number 4

Editor: Ann Rudinow Saetnan Norwegian Institute for Studies in Research of Deputy Editor: Richard Rogers Higher Education Tel:(+47) 73 59 17 86 (Saetnan) Science Museum, London (+31) 20 525 3352 (Rogers) University of Bielefeld email:[email protected] University of Edinburgh [email protected] University of Gothenburg Membership queries: University of Maastricht [email protected] University of Manchester University of Surrey EASST Review on the Web: University of Sussex http://www.easst.net University of York VTT Group for Technology Studies, Finland Contributing Editors: Wellcome Trust Andrew Jamison (University of Aalborg) Harald Rohracher (Graz) EASST Review (ISSN 1384-5160) is published Paul Wouters (Virtual Knowledge Studio, Royal quarterly, in March, June, September and Academy of Sciences, Netherlands) December. The Association's journal was called the EASST Newsletter through 1994. Council of the European Association for the Study of Science and Technology: Subscription: Individual membership fee: Marc Audetat (University of Lausanne) EUR 35 annual. Reduced two- and three-year Conor Douglas, student member (University of membership available. Students and citizens of York) East European countries pay reduced rates on Christine Hine, President (University of Surrey) applicaton EUR 20. Library rate is EUR 35. ([email protected]) Please note that subscriptions can also be made Reiner Grundmann (Aston University) through the EASST website. Erika Mattila (London School of Economics and Political Science) Member benefits Jessica Mesman (University of Maastricht) Travel stipends for Ph.D. students, young Tiago Moreira (Durham University) scholars and researchers from developing Fred Steward (Brunel University) countries are available. Ragna Zeiss (Free University, Amsterdam) Reduced registration rates for EASST events Susan Leigh Star (President of the Society for apply. Social Studies of Science, ex-officio) EASST's Past Presidents: EASST's Institutional Members: Sally Wyatt, 2000-2004; Rob Hagendijk, 1997- Academy of Finland 2000; Aant Elzinga, 1991-1997; Stuart Blume, CSISP/ Department, Goldsmiths 1987-1991; John Ziman, 1983-1986;Peter College Weingart, 1982. Ecole des Mines, Paris Europäische Akademie, Bad Neuenahr- EASST Review's Past Editors Ahrweiler Chunglin Kwa, 1991 – 2006; Arie Rip, 1982- Institute for Policy and Practice, University of 1991;Georg Kamphausen, 1982. Newcastle Inter-University Research Center for frontpage illustration: NTNU Info/Rune Petter Technology,Work and , Graz Ness James Martin Institute, University of Oxford Linköping University

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Re-viewing the Review?

by Ann Rudinow Sætnan

Happy New Year! Greetings to all from your new journal that comes out in three forms editor. simultaneously. The complete journal appears on line. At the same time a paper version is sent to First, I’d like to thank Chunglin Kwa yet again members. The paper version contains, as now, for the job he’s done defending and developing “service pages” (job announcements, conference EASST Review over the years and through periods announcements, calls for papers), an editorial, a of budgetary restraints. Maintaining EASST review or two (of books, conferences, other events) Review, on paper, and with a recognizable style as … and in addition an expanded table of contents more than simply a members’ newsletter has at including abstracts and URLs to the on-line times been no small challenge. Printing and articles. A shorter version – table of contents with mailing the Review is, after all, the main post on clickable links – can be sent out by email. EASST’s budget, so when the budget was tight Another question is where we want to balance there was always a pressure to cut back. Now that between accessibility and membership privileges. the budget seems secure, Chunglin has decided it’s If membership is to be meaningful, then members a safe chance to hand over the editorship and free should receive some privileges that non-members up time for other concerns. Having offered to take do not – or at least not as freely or automatically or over as editor, I see my first task as learning the promptly as do the members. On the other hand, ropes and maintaining the Review as the quality when we publish in a journal we want as broad a product it already is. But thereafter, the question is readership as possible. Thus we do want the whether it’s possible for EASST Review to journal available also to non-members. One way to become even better. handle this might be through a delayed release. The The council has been discussing various options complete, on-line journal would be available “fresh for offering members a fully peer-reviewed journal. off the presses” only to members and to Should we start our own? Link up with an existing subscribing institutions. As each issue comes out, journal? Build on the EASST Review? And if the however, the previous issue could be made latter, should we do it on paper or on line? The available to the general public. Or … we could council has asked me to start exploring how make only abstracts available to the general public EASST Review might become a fully peer- during this first time period, but require a log-on reviewed on-line journal. Here are my thoughts on (i.e. individual or institutional membership) to this so far: access full texts. Or … we could make all issues First, the idea makes little sense if all we do is freely available and count on members finding turn it into an ordinary journal, only on screen. If other reasons to maintain their memberships. Any we take the Review on-line, we should take thoughts on what would be preferable? advantage of the extra opportunities on-line Next, how might discussion pages function? I publishing offers. Three that I see as pertinent are: envision that each accepted article becomes a - The ability to publish multi-media articles, “thread” to which comments can be appended. i.e. articles including images, sound, Here we would need some security features. In video. some discussion forums where I participate, there - The ability to hold on-line discussions of is a warning button automatically added to each published materials. posted item. If a reader sees an offensive item – - Fewer restrictions on space. spam, flaming, inappropriate language, attempts to These do, however, raise new challenges. “pirate” discussions into unwelcome topics – they Especially opening a journal to un-edited push the warning button and alert a discussion comments would require both technical and monitor. Monitors are able to remove items from organizational safeguards against spam, flames, the forum and, worst case, to ban offenders from theme piracy, etc. participating. Unfortunately, these security features Secondly, council has time and again concluded are necessary, and they require personnel time as that most members want to receive the Review on well as technical solutions. The time requirements paper. Preferably then, going on-line would go beyond what is now donated for editorship, so supplement rather than supplant a paper version. we would have to have more volunteers and/or a So what might this look like? I envision a budget for paid assistance. And while we’re on the

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 3 subject of volunteers, even without opening for on- membership thinks on this before we move line discussions, we would still need volunteers to forward – or not. do peer review! So answer me honestly: Would Meanwhile, I will attempt to maintain the style you be willing and able to offer prompt responses and standards established by Chunglin. Of course, to referee requests from a new journal? that too depends on contributions from you, the Some other security features would be a bit readers. Please continue to support EASST as an different from what I’ve seen on, say, cycling academic forum by submitting reviews, forums. Hobby forums often allow people to post announcements, dissertation presentations etc. to under nicknames. I think that would be EASST Review. Reviews and dissertation inappropriate for an academic discussion. We presentations may be sent to me at any time, ought to sign our debate contributions with our preferably electronically at [email protected]. own names, much as we are visible and knowable Announcements may be sent to Richard Rogers at when we participate at a conference session. [email protected]. In addition to appearing in However, since we are not visible on-line, there is the next quarterly Review, announcements appear the danger that someone would post under on our more frequently updated web pages: someone else’s identity. I envision that there would http://www.easst.net. be a “confirm your post” system, perhaps And just to get the ball rolling on contributions, automatic. Having signed on as a user, your email I have made one small change starting with this address would be registered, but invisible to other issue: users. Any posting in your name would generate an alert to your email allowing you to alarm a monitor Were you puzzled by the front cover illustration? if someone else is posting in your name. Of course, Were you frustrated to find only a source cited if you know you’ve just posted, you know there inside and no explanation of the image offered? I will be an alert seconds later and you simply delete thought I would make the front cover into a puzzle. it. I have no prizes to offer beyond a few seconds of These are my thoughts so far. As you can see, fame, but I invite readers to “compete” for two there are some costs and some risks involved. Over honourable mentions – one for being the first with the coming months I’ll be exploring what the costs the “correct” answer to the question “What is might be. I’ll be talking to colleagues who run on- this?” and one for the most creatively “incorrect” line journals. I’ll be checking on availability of answer (or shall we say the most flexible software that offers the features we would need. interpretation?). Winners to be announced in the I’ll be checking on server space requirements and next issue. where we might get these met. All this exploring will take a bit of time …which is just fine, because So when is the next issue? This is officially we also need to know if this is something the Volume 25 (4). We may do a double issue in 2007 council and the members want to do. To that end, to catch up, but for now I am setting the following we will also be sending out an email survey. deadlines for contributions: Vol 26 (1) March 5; Depending on publication and mailing schedules, Vol 26 (2) May 7; Vol 26 (3) Sep 10; Vol 26 (4) you may already have received your invitation to Dec 3. I will try to get each issue sent on from my participate in the survey. If you’ve set it aside and desk to the next stage of production within a week forgotten it already, consider yourself hereby or two after each deadline. reminded. We do want to know what the

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Toward a New Agenda for the Study of Science in the Context of Application

by Justus Lentsch

Report of the conference “Science in the Context of Application: Transformation of Academic Research”, Center for Interdisciplinarity Studies (ZiF), Bielefeld University, October 26-28, 2006

A great deal of ink has been spilled about the practices and self-conceptions of science in the changing „social contract“ between science and context of application itself. society: new modes of knowledge production In order to achieve this objective, on a have been spotted at the horizon were the disiplinary level, the symposium assembled transgressiveness of scientific expertise calls for perspectives from leading scholars in the history, a novel way to think about science and the public sociology and of science like Arie (Gibbons et al. 1994; Nowotny, Scott, and Gibbons Rip (University of Twente, NL), Terry Shinn 2001; Nowotny 2003, 30; Nowotny et al. 2005); (Maison des Sciences de l’Homme, Paris, FR), new „triple“ tightened links between Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent (Université de universities, industry and government have been Paris X, FR), Davis Baird (University of South identified as the driving force to innovation Carolina, USA), Uwe Schimank (The (Etzkovitz 2003); and (non-human) networks FernUniversitaet/University in Hagen, D) and have been recognised as the genuine stabilisers Janet Kourany (University of Notre-Dame, of scientific knowledge (Ihde et al. (2003), Latour USA). (1987)). Finally, new conditions under which On the systematical level, the programme science is applied have been recognised that are was divided into five panels: (1.) the relation anything but normal (Funtowicz and Ravetz 1990, between scientific theory, experimentation and 1993; Funtowicz 2001). However, it is less technological development; (2.) science policy understood to what extent the observed changes and distributed modes of organising research; in the societal, institutional and epistemic (3.) of ; (4.) institutional conditions of science in the context of differentiation of knowledge production and (5.) application actually affect the knowledge that is governing science democratically. These issues being produced. were discussed along the lines of three cross- With this lacuna in mind, the ZiF: Research cutting dimensions: Group “Science in the Context of Application”, Firstly, the historical dimension: Do we really Centre for Interdisciplinary Research (ZiF), observe an epochal break or profound Bielfeld University’s Centre for Advanced transformation in the very definition and self- Studies, has organised its opening conference on understanding of science? the topic “Transformation of Academic Secondly, the social dimension: What is actually Research”, October 26-28, Bielefeld.1 The idea being claimed about the (new) social contract behind this symposium was not to prove or between science and society? disprove the above mentioned diagnoses or to Thirdly, the epistemological dimension: Are add another label for the observed transitions. there any ramifications of the abovementioned Instead, this symposium wanted to trace the shifts in terms of new or distinctive processes of observed historical breaks in the shifting knowledge validation? Coming to the historical dimensions of the 1 More information on the ZiF: Research Group diagnosed changes, it has been asked whether we and the named symposium is available at: actually observe an unprecedented shift in the http://www.uni- socio-cognitive history of science and bielefeld.de/ZiF/FG/2006Application/ index.html.

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 5 technology” rather than a “continuity of of scientific practices to the rhetorical analysis of discontinuities. Or, as Arie Rip put it: Science the use of such concepts in science policy has never been SCIENCE, i.e. the unique and documents promoting nanotech initiatives. This homogeneous enterprise as it is in the traditional methodological shift may call our attention to a view of science. Instead, a “composite picture” general point: Many of the concepts like mode- of science which does justice to the real 1/2 were initially invented as powerful rhetorical achievements in knowledge production, would vehicles to be used strategically in science be more accurate. Acknowledging the policy, i.e. as concepts to make politics with. indeterminacy of knowledge claims and criteria The power of this promotional rhetoric made to of theory choice by cognitive and material circulate around mythical regional high-tech factors, makes us recognise the importance of clusters was nicely illustrated by the case of the trajectories of the development of “robust currently hyped Nano district of Grenoble knowledge”, i.e. knowledge that is able to travel presented by Dominique Vinck. Therefore, we to other locations without losing its validity (cf. should be a bit cautious using these concepts, also Rip 2003). because the way we use them might have an From the received point of view, the history impact on to the social legitimation of certain of modern science is proceeding from the “’low’ science policies. Or, to cite Steve Fuller’s and heterogeneous knowledge production of the provocative comparison of contemporary ‘natural history’ type to high science based on technoscience with those of the cold war era: ‘restricted’ circumstances”.2 However, as Rip “Judged simply in terms of normative clarity, further argued, the ‘natural history’ tradition has Cold War technoscience was preferable to its been vitalised in the course of the growing post-Cold War variants in the STS era: there was importance of the environmental sciences, the at least the virtue of transparency in scientists’ “3-M Sciences”, as he called them. In 3-M defending Mode 1 ideals that blatantly deviated science Measuring, Mapping and Modelling the from the Cold War reality they faced. In world became scientific challenges in their own contrast, Mode 2 knowledge production is right. The rebirth of ‘natural history’ – not as a marked by scientific ideals much better adapted period but rather as a mode of knowledge to expected reality, and hence less likely to production – was further sustained by the provoke criticism or discontent. This transition discussion triggered by two other presentations: marks a sea change in the social legitimation of Nicole Karafyllis’ talk on “Biofacts or Hybrids?” science” (Fuller 2006: 69). on the history of the concept of “growth” in Summarising, the presentations suggested biology and Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent’s that we may observe a “continuity of presentation “Materials as ” in which discontinuities” rather than genuine epochal she reconstructed the intellectual history leading breaks, as Alfred Nordmann noticed.3 Hence, to Nano-Science – a history that began with the we might be better advised not looking out for properties of materials and than moved on to the one grand historical narrative (about functions and systems (around 1900) and from emerging modes of knowledge production, for there to “Cartesian” hybrid nano-machines instance), but instead to examine local turning designed to perform a broad variety of different points within their specific institutional setting, tasks in a messy world. In her case study, as was suggested by Carsten Reinhardt, taking Bensaude-Vincent found a perplexing up an issue raised by Terry Shinn. Shinn convergence in the languages of molecular emphasised “transversality” and the importance biology and materials science in the use of of strong maintenance of local boundaries: Many metaphors – both cultivating a common 20th century technological innovations are paradigm based on an artificialist view of as populated with “nanomachines” that 3 With regard to the question whether new technology is to mimic or even to surpass (cf. institutional settings affect the methodological also Bensaude-Vincent 2004, 10). standards of scientific research, Adam et al. argue In order to develop the final episode of her in their case studies from corporate and historical narrative, the transition from functions pharmaceutical research that modelling in applied and systems to machines, Bensaude-Vincent science is informed by theoretical insights from shifted methodologically from historical analysis basic science and, conversely, that industrial research surprisingly sometimes produces theoretical understanding (cf. Adam, Carrier, and 2 Cf. also Rip 2003. Wilholt 2006, 33).

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dependent on the development of “research So much, then, for the historical and societal ”, to use Shinn’s terminology, that transformations. The presentations and the arose in 19th century Germany. Research discussions revealed several lacunae that will technologies involve “generic instruments” have to be dealt with on the way toward an (developed on the basis of “generic instrumental appropriate account of science in the context of principles” and suitable to perform multiple application. But where do we go from here? purposes). Moreover, they are carried out in What can we learn from the thick descriptions “interstitial (organisational) arenas” and the many excellent and detailed historical characterised by intermittent boundary crossings case studies? Hence, what could be focal points between academia, industry and metrological of a new agenda for the study of science in the service. Moreover, studies of “boundary work” context of application to develop? have already started to address the emerging issues and analyse the new kinds of objects that Enlarging the conceptual “tool-box” of science arise at the edge of different disciplines and and technology studies: social divisions, e.g. understanding the Many presentations struggled with the limits relationship between organisational and – in scope and adequacy – of the concepts and epistemic aspects of scientific culture as they methods contained in the tool-box of classical become manifest, for instance, when safety science studies when it comes to the study of measures are integrated in laboratory practice science in the context of application. Take for (cf. e.g. Sims 2005, 35). example Mike Boon’s comprehensive and well- But contrary to mode-2 like anti- elaborated survey of the “New Experimentalism” differentiation, Shinn emphasised coordination she provided in her talk on “The Construction of and strong maintenance of boundaries: research Models in the Engineering Sciences” (cf. also technologies derive their capacity from Boon 2006, 20). Boon gave an account of reconciling differentiation and integration and “Applying Science” along the lines of the thus secure the division of labour while account the “New Experimentalism”4 gives of simultaneously promoting transverse basic science. Her very focus was on scientific communication and interaction between different models.5 Obviously, in order to account for the actors located in heterogeneous environments epistemology of science in the context of (cf. Shinn 2005, 44). A similar dual application, we need concepts describing the differentiation pattern with the reproduction of localised and context-sensitive cognitive established demarcations and the emergence of strategies of narrow scope employed in new heterogeneous environments was displayed application oriented science. Modelling and by the bibliometrical analysis laid forward by simulating are perhaps the most important ones. Ulf Sandström. Shinn further illustrates the However, the “New Experimentalism” is not importance of maintaining boundaries on the very well known for analysing applied science or example of French scientist-entrepreneurs and the different strategies they pursued in setting up 4 “New Experimentalism” was put forward by their enterprises: Only those had success who authors like Ian Hacking, Nancy Cartwright, maintained their identity as scientists when Ronald Giere, Lorraine Daston and Mary Morgan, going into business (whether for economic or for to name just the most prominent ones. It may not be cognitive reasons such as exploring physical coincidental that the ZiF at Bielefeld University properties of products in unknown gave birth to this movement when it hosted a environments). Even for those scientists who famous forerunner of this research group in the early 1980th, namely that on the “Probabilistic entirely moved into business in order to become Revolution”, members of which authored several of a fully-fledge entrepreneur, it was essential that the founding documents of the New science remained their major point of reference Experimentalism. and that they preserved their identity as scientist- 5 Nice overviews over the discussion on scientific in-business. Those scientist-entrepreneurs, on the models are given in Bailer-Jones 1999 and in the contrary, who gave up their identity as scientists entry on ‘models’ in the Stanford Encyclopaedia of and instead turned to the firm as their new major Philosophy by Roman Frigg and Stephan Hartmann point of reference generally did not perform well (http://plato.stanford.edu/). An introduction to – neither with respect to turn-over nor with “Applying Science” is given in a special issue of regard to academic success in terms of the International Studies in the 20/1 (2006), ed. by Rens Bod, Mike Boon publications and patents. and Marcel Boumans.

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 7 technology. Instead the “New Experimentalists” study of the laboratory synthesis of proteins – to are famous for providing new and surprising my mind a clear case of basic research!8 answers to old questions in the philosophy of That we need an account of how models are (basic) science – like the question of scientific built and actually function in the context of realism and the meaning of theoretical terms or application (rather than of what they are or how the relationship between theory and evidence. they represent), was highlighted by Baird’s Therefore, one could wonder whether the new aforementioned dense story on “Engineering experimentalists’ tool-box contains adequate Reality”: Drawing on a case study of the conceptual instruments to account for the recent development of a new measurement technology changes and developments science underwent in that led to the nanotech start-up “Ometric”, his the context of application. philosophical point was that if we want to However, the proponents of the New engineer reality, we will have to measure it. Experimentalism did not remain idle during the Measurement not only tells us something about a last decade: Mary Morgan and Frank den Butter, specimen (Baird 2003: 50), but often is essential for instance, analysed the function of empirical to its very constitution, because many modelling at central banks and government “specimens” are defined via measurement only. departments (Morgan and den Butter 1998, 15), Moreover, often the quanitity we want to and Mary Morgan expanded the “Models as measure cannot be defined and characterised Mediators” approach developed by her and independently from the technology to measure it. collaborators in Amsterdam and London to the In his seminal study on the thermometer and the study of simulation / experiments (Morgan 2004, invention of temperature, the historian and 57; Morgan 2003)6, Marcel Bouman, in his philosopher of science, Hasok Chang, identifies recent book, shows that economic models can this as the measurement problem: Assessing the function as measurement instruments rather than reliability and accuracy of measurement as merely representational devices (Boumans instruments without a circular reliance on the 2005); Nancy Cartwright recently turned to instruments themselves.9 In certain areas, “Evidence for Use” (Cartwright 2006).7 scientific or simulation models function as A further suggestion was made by Davis measurement instruments, providing quantitative Baird. From his presentation on the nanotech facts about the world that are not immediately start-up “Ometrics” we can conclude that the visible or otherwise accessible from the data (cf. epistemology of science in the context of for the case of economics Boumans 2005). application may be better framed in terms of Pertinent examples are economics and regulatory what Baird at another place called “thing science, particularly the setting of standards and knowledge”, i.e. “knowledge borne by the things exposure limits.10 we make, scientific, technological, arts and The method of conceptual analysis was used crafts, or otherwise” (Baird 2003: 40). Baird’s in Nicole Karafyllis’ aforementioned talk “Thing Knowledge” seemed to capture the “Biofacts or Hybrids?” on the concept of epistemology of application oriented science “growth” in environmental biology, agriculture, much better than Rheinberger’s concept of an “green engineering” and the life sciences, where “epistemic thing” referred to by Roger Strand. she introduced the concept of a ‘biofact’ to The notion of an “epistemic thing” was coined describe the influence of technology on biology. by Hans-Jörg Rheinberger in his book Toward a It is a bit of a pity that the talk left it to the History of Epistemic Things, meaning the audience to decide upon the added value of this “materials or processes […] that constitute the new term describing the blurring of boundaries objects of inquiry” (Rheinberger 1997: 28). between the natural and the artificial exactly Rheinberger introduced this concept in the brings to science studies scholarship. However, context of a sophisticated account of scientific that conceptual and linguistic analysis presents a reference and method drawing on a detailed case powerful tool to accommodate scientific and

6 For a nice analysis of simulation modelling as “interdisciplinary activity” and models as a kind of 8 For a critical review of Rheinberger’s approach “boundary object” facilitating interdisciplinary cf. Bloor 2005, 13. cooperation cf. Mattila 2005, 13. 9 Cf. Chang 2004. 7 Not to mention the discussion on models in the 10 For a philosophical account and discussions of regulatory domain; cf. most notably Jasanoff and setting limits in health science and medicine cf. Wynne 1998. Hansson 1998.

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evaluative environmental discourse is information is a pressing one, not only for demonstrated in Bryan Norton’s recent book, in epistemic reasons but also for political ones: which he traces and analyses the use of concepts Profound institutional changes as well as the (particularly the concept of sustainability) in heavy involvement of private interests academic and activist contexts (Norton 2005). increasingly affect the quality and accountability To sum up, the symposium provided much of scientific research. Due to politicisation and evidence that the conceptual tool-box of science commercialisation, one of the most serious and studies has to be enlarged in order to be able to challenging problems of conflicts of interests account for the recent changes science has pertains to the role of (academic) science in undergone in the context of application. But it assessing e.g. the environmental and health also made noteworthy contributions and, if we impacts of chemicals or the toxicity and approval think of the discussion on the actual functioning of new drugs (cf. Krimsky 2003: 228f). Science of models or the potential of linguistic and in the private interest not only provides conceptual analysis, opened up new ways to knowledge input into regulation, but also reflect upon the character, the prospects and the participates in the evaluation of the very quality perils of science in the context of application. To of knowledge and scientific information itself. It take up this strand will be a major task, not only became quite obvious from the presentations that for the ZiF Research Group. we lack, firstly, concepts for effectively communicating and assessing the impact of Accounting for knowledge quality and uncertainty and value choices in scientific validation: knowledge production and information on This discussion brings us to a further point: regulation and policy making and, secondly, Many of the presentations implicitly addressed appropriate institutional structures for dealing the question of how to account for the shift in the with the aforementioned adverse impacts that are quality of knowledge and expertise under due to the heavy involvement of organised conditions of uncertainty and complexity: partial and commercial interests in the evaluation Particularly, the recent developments in the of the quality of scientific information. relationship between science and politics are also affecting the system of quality control, as Reflecting upon institutional design for socially ‘fitness of function’ is increasingly becoming the and politically responsible science: norm (cf. Funtowicz 2001). An issue that was The significance of institutions was addressed addressed by Arie Rip under the label of in four quite different talks: Firstly, in David “robustness” as a mode of validating knowledge Baird’s aforementioned presentation on the in local contexts as well as under conditions of nanotech start-up Ometric, secondly, in Uwe uncertainty and complexity (cf. for the concept Schimank’s presentation on “Governance of ‘robustness’ also Lentsch 2005). Given the Changes and Effects on Research”, thirdly, in context-specificity of application oriented Gabriele Abel’s talk on the status of scientific research, how can results be generalised and expertise in participatory technology assessment validated, if universal theories are not and, finally, in Janet Kourany’s well-argued plea available?11 Moreover, in many areas like for a more political philosophy of science13 that environmental or social systems – where was grounded in a profound analysis of different uncertainty and indeterminacy prevail and the codes of ethics in science. target systems are complex and not closed – Schimank examined the impact of “New models cannot be validated, but only Public Management” as a mode of governing evaluated.12 Hence, the reliability of science in universities: Turning the university as a whole the context of application is dependent on new into an organisational actor by strengthening modes of validation (or, rather: evaluation). external guidance and competitive pressure The issue of the quality of scientific constrains academic self-regulation and the individual autonomy of the researcher. Whether accepting the adverse impacts to be expected 11 For a nice and critical discussion of Latour cf. (e.g. on the research agenda) pays off in terms of Guala 2003, 70. a more efficient allocation of scarce resources 12 Cf. most notably Shrader-Frechette, Oreskes, and Belitz 1994, 263; for questions of model selection having policy consequences cf. also 13 Cf. her Philosophy of Science for the Twenty- Shrader-Frechette 1997, 64. First Century (Kourany 2003, 70).

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 9 (money etc.) as well as a more efficient Kourany, science should consider the needs of organisation of collective epistemic efforts the society that funds the scientific enterprise. In enhancing “excellence” remains an open her thought-provoking examination of the question to this date. Gabriele Abels took up prospects of ethical codes of conduct issued by quite another stance on the role and significance many scientific associations in the recent years, of institutions: In her talk she analysed various she convincingly argues that such ethical or organisational forms of participative technology professional codes – in conjunction with assessment exercises as socio-epistemic effective mechanisms and institutions for institutions (like citizens’ juries or consensus policing by the scientific community – may conferences). The shared assumption behind the provide a valuable instrument not only for idea of enhancing public participation in policing science by scientists in cases of fraud scientific or technological decision making is and scientific misconduct, but also for that enhanced participation improves the quality encouraging scientists to reflect upon how to and public value of science and technology. conduct research in an ethically and politically However, while the scholarly discussion and responsible way. evaluation exercises of participatory procedures Taking stock, the symposium provided an focus very much on participation and social extraordinarily rich panopticon on the world of inclusion, the role of scientific expertise and science in the context of application. However, experts in these procedures as well as potential much work remains to be done. The first steps repercussions on the experts themselves is less may entail enlarging the conceptual tool-box of understood. science and technology studies, accounting for In the last talk, Janet Kourany pointed out changes in information quality and validation, that much more is at stake than “just losing the and, finally, reflecting upon appropriate truth” when science enters the context of institutional designs for socially and politically application (as it is the major concern of responsible conduct of science in the context of traditional philosophers of science). Instead, application. Kourany made a strong point for thinking politically about science. This was argued by References: referring to the fact that the epistemic, the social and the political are intrinsically intertwined: 1. Adam, Matthias, Martin Carrier, and Science not only incorporates epistemic values Torsten Wilholt. 2006. How to like simplicity or predictive power, but also Serve the Customer and Still be political values that, when applied to Truthful: Methodological methodological considerations, might be harmful Characteristics of Applied to society. As methodological choices in science Research. In: Science & Public are underdetermined by facts and evidence, Policy 33/6: S. 435-444. value choices are inevitable (we may think about 2. Bailer-Jones, Daniela. 1999. Tracing the questions like how to find an appropriate balance Development of Models in the between false positive and false negatives or Philosophy of Science. In: Model- how to include gender aspects in the design of Based Reasoning in Scientific experimental protocols in drug testing).14 Discovery, eds. Magnani, Moreover, often it is not “scientific proof” that is Lorenzo, Nersessian, Nancy J., really at stake in debates on contested und Thagard, Paul (Hg.) (New environmental or health issues, but questions of York: Kluwer Academic life quality, i.e. ethical and political choices (cf. Publishers), S. 23-40. Oreskes 2004, 7: 381). Kourany’s paper is a fine example of the new direction in philosophy, 3. Baird, Davis. 2003. Thing Knowledge: called “social epistemology”. Social Outline of a Materialist Theory of epistemology examines normative conceptions Knowledge. In: The Philosophy of of knowledge with regard to the critical role Scientific Experimentation, ed. social institutions and organisations play in the Radder, Hans (Hg.) (Pittsburgh, knowledge-formation process. According to Pa: University of Pittsburgh Press), S. 39-67.

14 Cf. Rudner 1953, 20 and, most notably, Douglas 4. Bensaude-Vincent, Bernadette. 2004. Two 2000, 67.

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Cultures of Nanotechnology? In: 15. Gibbons, Michael, Limoges, Camille, HYLE - International Journal for Nowotny, Helga, Schwartzmann, Philosophy of Chemistry 10/2: S. Simon, Scott, Peter, und Trow, 65-82. Martin. 1994. The New Production of Knowledge. 5. Bloor, David. 2005. Toward a Sociology London: Sage. of Epistemic Things. In: Perspectives on Science 13/3: S. 16. Guala, Francesco. 2003. Experimental 285-312. Localism and External Validity. In: Philosopy of Science 6. Boon, Mike. 2006. How Science is 70/Supplement: S. 1195-1205. Applied. In: International Studies in the Philosophy of Science 20/1: 17. Hansson, Sven Ove. 1998. Setting the S. 27-47. Limit: Occupational Health Standards and the Limits of 7. Boumans, Marcel. 2005. How Economists Science. New York: Oxford Model the World Into Numbers. University Press. London: Routledge. 18. Jasanoff, Sheila / Wynne, Brian. 1998. 8. Cartwright, Nancy. 2006. "Well-ordered Science and Decisionmaking. In: Science: Evidence for Use." Human Choice and Climate Available from Change, Vol. I, eds. Rayner, Steve http://personal.lse.ac.uk/car / Malone, E. L. (Hg.) (Columbus: twrig/Papers/WellorderedSc Battelle Press), S. 1-87. ienceEvidenceforUse.pdf (last accessed 2006. 19. Kourany, Janet. 2003. A Philosophy of Science For the Twenty-First 9. Chang, Hasok. 2004. Inventing Century. In: Philosophy of Temperature: Measurement and Science 70: S. 1-14. Scientific Progress. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 20. Krimsky, Sheldon. 2003. Science in the Private Interest: Has the Lure 10. Douglas, Heather. 2000. Inductive of Profits Corrupted Biomedical Risk and Values in Science. In: Research? Lanham: Rowman & Philosophy of Science 67/4: S. Littlefield Publishers. 559-579. 21. Latour, Bruno. 1987. Science in 11. Fuller, Steve. 2006. The Philosophy of Action: How to Follow Scientists Science and Technology Studies. and Engineers Through Society. New York, NY u.a.: Routledge. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. 12. Funtowicz, S. O. 2001. Peer Review and Quality Control. eds. Smelser, 22. Lentsch, Justus. 2005. Neil J. / Baltes, Paul B. (Hg.) Wissenschaftliche Kreativität im (Amsterdam u.a.: Elsevier), S. Kontext politischer Entscheidung: 11179-11183. epistemische Robustheit als Distinktionsmerkmal 13. Funtowicz, Silvio / Jerome Ravetz. wissenschaftlicher Expertise. In: 1993. Science for the Post-Normal Kreativität: 20. Deutscher Age. In: Futures 25/7: S. 739-755. Kongress für Philosophie, 26.-30. September 2005 in Berlin ; 14. Funtowicz, Silvio O. / Ravetz, Jerome Sektionsbeiträge, ed. Abel, Günter R. 1990. Uncertainty and quality (Hg.) (Berlin: Universitätsverlag in science for policy. Dordrecht, TU Berlin). the Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. 23. Mattila, Erika. 2005. Interdisciplinarity "In the Making": Modeling Infectious Diseases. In:

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 11 Perspectives on Science 13/4: S. do with it? In: Environmental 531-553. Science & Policy 7: S. 369-383.

24. Morgan, Mary S. 2004. Simulation: 32. Rheinberger, Hans Jörg. 1997. Toward The Birth of a Technology to a History of Epistemic Things: Create "Evidence" in Economics. Synthesizing Proteins in the Test In: Revue d'histoire des sciences Tube. Stanford, Calif: Stanford 57/2: S. 339-377. University Press.

25. -----. 2003. Experiments without 33. Rip, Arie. 2003. Science for the 21st Material Intervention. In: The Century. In: The Future of Philosophy of Scientific Science and Humanities, eds. Experimentation, ed. Radder, Tindemans, Peter, Verrijn-Stuart, Hans (Hg.) (Pittsburgh: Pittsburgh Alexander, und Visser, Rob (Hg.) UP), S. 216-235. (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press), S. 99-148. 26. Morgan, Mary S. / F. den Butter. 1998. What makes the empirical 34. Rudner, Richard. 1953. The Scientist models-policy interaction Qua Scientist Makes Value successful? In: Economic Judgements. In: Philosophy of Modelling 15/3: S. 443-475. Science 20/1: S. 1-6.

27. Norton, Bryan G. 2005. Sustainability: 35. Shinn, Terry. 2005. New Sources of A Philosophy of Adaptive Radical Innovation: Research- Ecosystem Management. Technologies, Transversality and Chicago: University of Chicago Distributed Learning in a Post- Press. Industrial Order. In: Social Science Information 44/4: S. 731- 28. Nowotny, Helga. 2003. Democratising 764. Expertise and Socially Robust Knowledge. In: Science and 36. Shrader-Frechette, Kristine. 1997. Public Policy 30/3: S. 151-156. Hydrogeology and Framing Questions Having Policy 29. Nowotny, Helga, Pestre, Dominique, Consequences. In: Philosopy of Schmidt-Aßmann, Eberhard, Science (Supplement) 64: S. Schulze-Fielitz, Helmuth, und S149-S160. Trute, Hans-Heinrich. 2005. The Public Nature of Science Under 37. Shrader-Frechette, Kristine, Naomi Assault: Politics, Markets, Oreskes, und Kenneth Belitz. Science and the Law. Berlin u.a.: 1994. Verification, Validation, Springer. and Confirmation of Numerical Models in the Earth Sciences. In: 30. Nowotny, Helga, Scott, Peter, und Science 263: S. 641-646. Gibbons, Michael. 2001. Re- thinking science 38. Sims, Benjamin. 2005. Material and knowledge and the public in an Social Order in Laboratory Work. age of uncertainty. Cambridge: In: Social Studies of Science 35/3: Polity Press u.a. S. 333-366.

31. Oreskes, Naomi. 2004. Science and public policy: what's proof got to

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Publish or perish in 2007? Report of the publication sessions at the EASST conference 2006

Ragna Zeiss and Niki Vermeulen

2007, a New Year with New Year’s still sometimes get wrong, and are therefore resolutions: Let’s get those publications out urged to check before we submit an article. there! Publishing is a challenge for every Ensure that: researcher, but perhaps especially for researchers • You know the journal (what have been the who are just starting their careers. The precise discussions, the subjects, the theoretical nature of the challenges differs since institutional approaches in the journal?) and the and national contexts and practices constitute audience for which you write; many of the boundaries within which scholars (have to) more implicit aspects of journals are not operate. In some countries PhD students will not mentioned in the explicit guidelines, yet receive their PhD without having published are very important. some articles (these may even constitute the PhD • The paper addresses one clear question. thesis), in others the writing of a monograph is a • The paper makes a specific and relevant first priority and only afterwards the scholar is contribution to the literature (with which encouraged to think about publications. you should be familiar). However, whatever the context, for a next job in • The paper is doable within the number of academia publications are needed and they words available; focus on one key line of become increasingly important. No publications empirical research, don’t put too much in! or too few can mean: exit academia. This leaves • The different parts of the paper are us with challenges and questions: How best to balanced (not too long, not too short). write a publication? How to pick a journal? And • The references, outline, spelling etc. are also, do we need to publish as quickly as correct. possible or should we concentrate on publishing Next to these ‘basics’ you also need a in better journals which take longer to publish publishing ‘strategy’. The most important our work? questions are: What is the contribution of the At the EASST conference in Lausanne (2006) paper and why is it so intriguing that everyone in a student session was organised to address some the field would want to read it? As STS of these questions. A panel provided the researchers we know, of course, that what counts audience with their ideas and suggestions around as a contribution and as intriguing very much publishing first articles. The panel consisted of depends on the field and the journal. It is Ulrike Felt (University of Vienna, who talked therefore important to think about the journal about her experiences as editor of Science, one wants to submit to. There are several Technology & Human Values), Sheila Jasanoff ‘strategies’. First, one can concentrate on (Harvard University, about her extensive submitting one or more publications to the main experience with publishing in various fields), journals in one’s own field. If an article is Reijo Miettinen (Helsinki University, about accepted, it can be seen as the crowning glory of publishing across academic fields and in one’s PhD work. Although the ‘better’ journals particular STS and Organisation Studies), Sarah often take longer to publish an article and have a de Rijcke (PhD student Groningen University, lower acceptance rate than other journals (Social about her experiences with academic and non- Studies of Science receives between 120-150 academic publishing), Sergio Sismondo papers a year of which about 30 get published; (Queen’s University Canada, about his Science, Technology & Human Values receives experience as collaborating editor of Social about 110 papers and accepts 35), the panel Studies of Science), and Paul Wouters (Virtual members agreed that it is worth the effort and the Knowledge Studio Amsterdam, about his time it takes, but also recommended other experience with journalism and academic strategies. writing). The beginning of 2007 seems a good A second strategy can be fruitful in case we time to recap some of these tips. have more pieces we would like to publish, we First of all a couple of things we all know, but

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 13 would like to identify ourselves with other fields, and that academics should not start publishing or we need publications faster to ensure a next just to meet the requirements of publishing. Yet, job. It may therefore be fruitful to broaden our stories circulate that confirm a tendency towards view beyond the major STS journals and look publishing as an end in itself. For instance, into different fields as well. STS research people publishing three papers based on limited generally touches on more than one academic research material rather than one (raising their field or discipline which opens additional number of publications in spite of opportunities and channels to publish the results acknowledging that the quality of a single paper of the research. One can think about theoretical would have been much higher), or scholars journals of different fields or journals that are starting to use material collected by BA/MA more practically/empirically oriented. Some of students to be able to write their articles so they these journals may publish faster than others and meet the publication norm. Also, some journals some will be more widely distributed. For try to compete by asking scholars to refer more example, some of our work may have to past issues of the journal, thus pushing it implications for organisations and/or higher on the list.15 In our eyes, these management. We could then use the same data developments are a cause of concern. Is the as we have used for another article, but elaborate quality of our work not more important than the on it in a different way and send it to different quantity? Could it in some cases be more journals such as Organization or Organisation important to disseminate knowledge in Studies. It was also recommended to look into newspaper articles than in academic journals? possibilities of publishing in special issues as And if so, why are these not rated? Should we these can speed up the publication process. So not be critical about why and when we can best check out the web pages of journals for special disseminate our work to whom? issues that relate to your research. These are the sorts of questions that were A third ‘strategy’ is having no strategy: Don’t discussed by the panellists of this session (Ulrike worry about the field you write in, but worry Felt, University of Vienna; Claudia Koltzenburg, about ideas. It does not matter so much where Hamburg University; Sergio Sismondo, Queen’s your papers get published as long as they get University Canada; Chamu Kuppuswamy, published and they convey your ideas, Sheffield University; Peter Weingart, University commitments and arguments. If your ideas are of Bielefeld; Paul Wouters, Virtual Knowledge good, they will be picked-up anyway as long as Studio Amsterdam). First of all distinctions were they are out there. Sheila Jasanoff illustrated this made: We cannot speak about one single by saying, ‘It was the STS field that found me, publication system or one single ‘unease’. There not the other way around.’ are many different ways of publishing (books, Pick your strategy (or combine them), journals, conference proceedings) and different remember that you can never have read reasons for publishing (communication, cv everything and that this does not have to be your building, responsibility to funding agencies, final and ultimate piece of research. Also network building, access to ideas, prestige). mobilise your supervisor, as s/he has a role in Publishing in highly rated journals may be good teaching you how to publish! Keep it simple, for some of these reasons (prestige), but not for don’t use too much jargon, and don’t give up: others (quick access to ideas). It may thus be Let’s publish! useful to experiment with a variety of outlets, as for example working papers on the web. Since Yet, although we all need to publish in 2007, there may not be one publication system, we hope you will also be critical of the according to some it does not make sense to increasing emphasis on ‘publish or perish’. In think in terms of developing a completely new the EASST session following the ‘how to ‘publication system’. Rather, we need to develop publish session’, ‘unease’ around the publication alternative practices and think about the social system was discussed. Academic scholars are configurations we want to engage in and the role increasingly evaluated on the basis of the of research in social practices. Changes have number of papers they publish, often with an already started: there is a (bottom-up) growth of additional focus on publishing in ‘highly rated’ journals. Although it is important to publish and disseminate academic work, we also strongly 15 Note that the editors present at the session strongly disapprove of and do not participate in believe that publishing should serve a purpose such activities.

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blogs for science communication, wikipedia, collective experiment (i.e. including universities, multimedia and powerpoint at conferences and governments, etc.). If we would be interested in podcasts to distribute lectures. Chamu explored such an experiment, we need to accompany the how dance can convey meaning of scientific change rather than start it off and just wait and work to a broader public in her dance on cloning see where it leads us. Perhaps different ‘systems’ dilemmas (http://www.thixoforge.com/ can even co-exist for a while. As an STS sheffield/jsp/polopoly.jsp?a=24999&d=1404 ). community, we could try to create discussion Yet, despite these (positive) developments, spaces and find out if we (collectively or some still think we should be critical of current individually, as some are sceptical about the very evaluation and publication systems. This raises idea of an STS community) want to change the tension of wanting to change something we (parts of) the publication systems and what our are also participating in. Suggestions were made role could be in this. Perhaps the new online to create places where the academic/STS journal as described in this issue’s editorial “Re- community can discuss these issues (can we buy viewing the Review” could be an example of a shares and increase our influence?), negotiate different publication outlet as well as a them, and perhaps even participate in a discussion space…

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 15 Recent Dissertations

Morten Sager previous negotiations of human embryo research, in 1994-1996 “spare embryos” and transplantation Pluripotent Circulations: Putting therapies appeared as prospective elements of coordination. I trace how technological Actor-Network Theory to Work on developments within in vitro fertilization together Stem Cells in the USA, prior to 2001. with funding structures contributed to a so-called standard procedure producing “spare embryos”. Ph D in Theory of Science, December Transplantation therapies to cure degenerative 2005, The department of history of diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and juvenile diabetes came to be regarded as both possible and ideas and theory of science, Göteborg urgent together with the coordination of patients University, Sweden. and politicians. The defining issue of American politics since the 1970’s – pro-life versus pro- Gothenburg Studies in the History of Science and choice – played a significant role in excluding Ideas No. 19, Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, alternative paths, sometimes in unexpected ways. 2006, ISBN 91-7346-564-X. I claim that these processes call for a more compartmentalized conception of stabilization than In this dissertation, stem cell research and previously used in ANT. Coordination of actors politics in the USA are analyzed by using actor- and configuration of elements happen in multiple network theory (ANT). Here ANT is put to work circulations. on largely textual materials, often directly from US Finally, the study returns to the period of 1998- political settings, such as Congressional debates 2001 to analyze some of the processes that made and national panels. Also, I analyze and challenge the “spare embryos” and transplantation therapies ANT meta-theoretically, inspired by ongoing contribute to the configuration and coordination of critique in Science and Technology Studies. hESCs. One such process was the terminological In part one the alternative notions of obligatory definitions of pluripotency between toti- and point of passage and boundary objects are applied multipotency. The definitions helped to hook on to the political and public dynamics of human the hESCs to previous circulations by positioning embryonic stem cell (hESC) research between these stem cells between embryos and alternative November 1998 and August 2001. I suggest an stem cells. integrated model that draws on the metaphor of a The thesis provides the first book-length study circulatory system of science and society. of how the mutual reinforcement and Although the negotiations concern one and the intertwinement of several developments – dating at same scientific object, things and people may be least as far back as Roe vs. Wade – helped shape coordinated differently depending on the resources the public and political ”realities” of human at stake. Like previous cases of boundary objects, embryonic stem cells in the 1998-2001 debates. In the hESCs are involved in the coordination of addition, I use the case as an opportunity to invite diverse actors. In contrast to previous cases, the the reader to reflect on the possible uses and hESCs are not merely forms that open for multiple problems of the ANT approach. uses, but also constrain and define diverse actors through their pluripotent capacities, main expected Keywords: Actor-Network Theory, meta-theory, use within transplantation therapies, and the obligatory point of passage, boundary objects, material sources of “spare embryos”. To capture sociotechnical reality, articulations, human this composite content I argue that hESCs are embryonic stem cells, spare embryos, pluripotency. strong boundary objects, or boundary packages. Part two goes backward to understand how the For orders of the dissertation, please contact me configuration of the boundary package and its at [email protected]. coordination of diverse actors were stabilized. In

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News from the Association

Dear Members,

I am pleased to write a letter for the first issue of delighted to welcome them to council, and look the EASST Review to be edited by Ann Rudinow forward to working with them. The retiring Saetnan. We are delighted that Ann has agreed to members of Council are Nik Brown, Claire Marris take on the role of continuing and, as her piece in and Ann Rudinow Saetnan, although Ann of course this issue explains, developing the review. At the stays with the Council as the new Review editor. Lausanne conference I spoke in person about the We are extremely grateful to Ann, Claire and Nik massive contribution that Chunglin Kwa has made for their inputs over the years. to EASST over the years. I’ll repeat those sentiments here - thank you, again, Chunglin. We Finally, I am pleased to announce that plans are owe you a lot. underway for the 2008 joint conference with 4S, to be held in Rotterdam and organized by a capable Ann talks about the possibility of online innovation team led by Roland Bal. In the non-conference in respect of the Review. We have also made a step year (for EASST) of 2007 we hope also to be able towards this kind of innovation in recent Council to support some smaller workshops. Details of how elections, and in the consultation of members about to apply for this funding will be announced by the development of the review. Please do check email and via the EASST web site – the deadline to that we have your up-to-date email address, and apply for the first wave of workshops will be that your spam filter is letting our emails through – March 1st, and depending on available funds there we really do need this way of communicating with may be a second wave. you, and we’ll take care not to bombard you with irrelevant or inappropriate messages. Best wishes, It is very heartening to see that elections were necessary in order to fill the recent vacancies on EASST Council: how nice that more people volunteered than were actually needed on this Christine Hine occasion. The successful candidates were Erika EASST President Mattila, Tiago Moreira, Marc Audetat and, as Guildford January 15, 2007 student representative, Conor Douglas. I am

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 17 Conferences, Workshops and Calls for Papers

The Sunbelt Social Networks Conference will into the way new technologies are influencing – take place in Corfu, May 1-6, 2007. The and are themselves influenced by – the lives and International Network for Social Network identities of young people. Only recently, Analysis (INSNA) welcomes proposals for though, has significant research attention begun individual papers and paper session organizers to focus upon the particular relationships – for the next Sunbelt social network conference, potential and actual – between new technologies which will take place at the island of Corfu, May and political engagement amongst the young. 1-6, 2007. See website: This seminar intends to contribute to the http://nicomedia.math.upatras.gr/conf/Sunbelt20 development of research and theory in this 07. crucial area by providing a forum for scholars The conference provides an interdisciplinary from across the world to share the findings of venue for sociologists, psychologists, social and empirical and theoretical work, discuss the policy behavioral scientists, economists, political implications of their research, and strengthen scientists, scholars in communication studies, their international and inter-disciplinary ties. We STS, management and organizational studies, aim to bring together leading figures in the mathematicians, computer scientists, subject area from across the globe as well as to anthropologists, ethnologists, and others to offer a valuable international forum for emerging present current work in the area of social projects and individuals. Proposals are therefore networks. Proponents are invited to submit their invited for papers focused upon any aspect of the paper titles and abstracts at the web page, relationship between young people, new https://cgi.sfu.ca/~insna/confpapers/ (full papers technologies and political engagement. As well are not requested) until January 30, 2007. The as encouraging contributions from a variety of name of the intended session can be specified by academic disciplines and perspectives, we would proponents themselves. However only those particularly welcome papers from practitioners sessions will be actualized which contain more and policy-makers. The event is organised by the than five accepted papers. The process of British Sociological Association’s Youth Study evaluation of submitted papers will be finalized Group in association with the University of in February 2007. Questions about the Surrey’s Institute of Advanced Studies and The conference should be sent to Moses Boudourides Social Policy Association. We are able to offer ([email protected]). up to six grants (of up to £200) to speakers travelling to the event from outside the UK. If you would like to be considered for such a grant, Young People, New Technologies and Political please make this clear when sending your Engagement is the title of the seminar to be held abstract. Please send abstracts (of up to 250 at the University of Surrey, 24-25 July 2007. words) to Dr Rachel Brooks at the University of Confirmed keynote speakers are Prof. Lance Surrey ([email protected]) by 23 February Bennett (Center for Communication and Civic 2007 at the latest. Please include full contact Engagement, University of Washington); Prof. details with your proposal. For further Stephen Coleman (Institute of Communication information, please contact Dr Rachel Brooks or Studies, University of Leeds); and Dr. Anita Dr Paul Hodkinson ([email protected]). Harris (Department of Sociology, Monash Further information about the event will soon be University). Against the backdrop of increasing available on the Institute for Advanced Studies concern about the disengagement of youth from website: http://www.soc.surrey.ac.uk/ias/. politics and the public sphere, the relationship between new technologies and young people’s political engagement and participation is a cross- A call for papers has been issued for the Science disciplinary issue of considerable importance not & the Public Conference, Imperial College only to academics but to practitioners and London, 19th May 2007. Science studies policymakers across the world. There is now a research tends to focus on "the lab", being chiefly large body of literature which has explored the concerned with the internal workings of the potential of ‘digital democracy’ to revitalise scientific community. This conference aims to political life and challenge conventional forms of bring together the strands of academia that political participation. Separately, youth consider science as it intersects with non- researchers have provided considerable insights scientific . The conference title's

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dichotomy between "science" and "the public" or finalising futures. This can include discussing consciously references the approach often taken the roles of expectations in shaping scientific and by the scientific community. We are aware of the technological change, and how these variety of problems of referring to the "the expectations are carried or contested by experts public"; research problematising the term may and innovators, future designers, policy makers, form part of the conference programme. Other producers, consumers and writers. Further we topics covered may include: Science and invite contributions on the complexity emerging (including science fiction); Innovation studies in the methods and techniques used for future and science policy research; Popular science; processes. What methodologies are actually in NGOs, science and development; The continuing use and how are they used? How to meet application of the "deficit model"; Public methodological challenges posed by uncertainty, programmes aiming at "Engagement with potential discontinuity and the plurality of Science"; Boundary work; Specific media: films, legitimate points of view? At the same time, the internet, museums, radio and others; and negotiating the future is a slogan-like call for Science and education: young vs. old, formal vs. action which is used (at least in Google search informal. There is no especially contemporary September 2006) for addressing issues as diverse focus and historical work on any of these areas as digital libraries and future user needs, would be most welcome. Neither do we limit organising conferences on court-annexed submission to those within the science studies mediation, helping MIT graduates to find jobs, community, or only from the UK. We would accessing workplace accommodations for particularly like to encourage those who take a citizens with disabilities, advertising publications critical approach to the topics described above to about Labour Perspectives on American Business submit abstracts. Moreover we should stress this or the future of Islam, or assessing the job market is an academic - rather than practitioner-focussed situation for young IT professionals in Trinidad - conference. The conference will focus on, but and Tobago. Therefore we also invite not be limited to, early-career researchers. explorations of the products of negotiating: the Abstracts (no longer than 300 words) for a 20- inscriptions of futures in lasting materials. We minute presentation should be emailed to are interested in reflection on our own [email protected] by 1st March approaches as researchers, and the collective 2007. Enquires also to this address. imaginations we produce through our work. How do our findings contribute to the future underway in the present? Reflexivity also evokes Negotiating the Future is the title of the seminar responsibility for how we are minding the future. on 7 June 2007, organized by Unverstity of Oslo, The language we use in this enterprise becomes Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture crucial. Therefore we need approaches which (TIK). Thinking about the future implies explore our linguistic dependences on vision, imagining it in ways it might, should or should temporality and materiality, and how we not come into being – and thinking of means to negotiate between real futures and worlds of make it real in ways we perceive best. imagination. These latter dynamics could open Negotiating means to 'carry on business', as neg- up a new perspective on neg-otiating futures, otium is latin for business, not leisure. So in the through questioning the negative prefix neg - best sense of the word, when we negotiate otiating might give to our future conversations. something, we mean business. But negotiating The aim of the seminar is to draw on these fields means more than that. It means to deal with some of investigation to foster a discussion about the matter or affair requiring agency for its critical value of our analyses, conceptions and successful handling, to arrange for or bring about insights regarding the practices of future-oriented something through conference, discussion and processes as well as our imaginative powers and compromise. As well as to transfer to another or assumptions regarding the future. Although we to convert something into cash or the equivalent attempt a thematically broad approach, the value. Finally it can also mean to successfully seminar is part of a series of seminars at TIK travel, to negotiate a turn, or to complete or which discuss the new forms of expertise, user accomplish a trip. These negotiations, however, involvement and the turn towards experts and do not happen in an abstract environment, but consumers in scientific and technological areas between and through the actors involved. of innovation. The seminar focuses therefore on Therefore we invite discussions of situations, critical enquiries and constructive perspectives locations and moments when actors are busy on how user involvement, public dialogue and arranging, discussing, compromising, converting collective expectations may shape the outcome of

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 19 future processes and how they might contribute institutional, and ethical issues of the life to new forms of policies and politics across sciences in an open and informal setting. Over society. Four central questions in this context are: the past twenty-odd years, attendance has How do expectations and other discursive drivers increased from about 60 participants to about 350 shape scientific and technological innovation and in Guelph, 2005. In 2007, we hope to continue how are these future-oriented abstractions our tradition of an inclusive and experimental negotiated in public? How do current future approach, while meeting the challenge of methodologies deal with uncertainty, plurality increased attendance. Scholars wishing to attend and discontinuity and how are these concerns the meeting are now invited to submit session negotiated in future practices? How can and paper proposals on the ISHPSSB website resources from the socials sciences and (visit http://www.ishpssb.org/meeting.html). humanities, including studies of language and Deadline for submissions is February 15, 2007, literature extend our academic reflexivity on and abstracts should not exceed 500 words. studying the future into engagements of public Please also note the guidelines for paper responsibility? If action, knowledge and ethics acceptance that have been adopted by the belong together, how can we bring them back Society. To facilitate communication in advance into play in a relation of interdependence which of submission, the ISHPSSB website also offers concerns both us as researchers and our subject the possibility to post ideas for sessions and matters? These questions invite researchers with discussion panels an interest in science and technology studies, (http://www.ishpssb.org/phorum/list.php?9). If political and interdisciplinary cultural studies to you are interested in putting together a session or contribute with critical perspectives on the discussion panel by posting a call for dominant rhetoric, material productions and contributions electronically, we urge you to strategic results of future discourses. The one day specify a deadline for responses to you seminar opens with talks by our speakers personally. While individual paper submissions (Barbara Adam, Marjolein van Asselt and Nik are welcome, we strongly encourage submission Brown) and plenary discussions. The afternoon of session and panel discussion proposals. For workshop is dedicated to discussions with the 2007 meeting, we especially seek sessions participants who have contributed with that are innovative and cross-disciplinary in presentations circulated in advance. The seminar content and/or format; strengthen the lines of presents a unique opportunity for researchers to communication among historians, philosophers, introduce their research to an audience beyond social scientists, and biologists; open their usual field of expertise and make their conversations that lead to new ways of thinking questions relevant to people from different about the life sciences and the disciplines that backgrounds. To this end we are looking for study it; bring together people of different contributions between 2000-2500 words dealing disciplinary and national backgrounds. The with topics related to our central questions as Society is open to proposals on any topic well as the questions raised in the introduction to connected with the history, philosophy and social be received by April the 2nd, 2007. Replies will studies of the life sciences. For the 2007 meeting, be send out by April the 16th, 2007. The number we would especially welcome sessions in the of participants will be limited to 30 - and the following areas: Interdisciplinarity. Recent years discussions with our key speakers will be based have seen the foundation of interdisciplinary on the questions and materials emerging from the centres for the study of the life sciences and their contributions. Contributions in Word format can social, legal, and ethical implications in a number be send to stefanie.jenssen-at-tik.uio.no with Cc of national contexts. At the same time there is a to future-at-tik.uio.no. trend towards disciplinary segregation that has also been felt during the ISHPSSB meetings in recent years. What explains these trends of The Biennial Meeting of the International Society disciplinary specialization? Are historians, for the History, Philosophy and Social Studies of philosophers, and social scientists heading in Biology (ISHPSSB) will take place in Exeter, similar directions, or are they heading far afield UK, on 25-29 July 2007. Since its inception, the from one another? Is the pressure on biology International Society for the History, Philosophy, studies to become 'policy relevant' acting against and Social Studies of Biology (ISHPSSB) has or actually encouraging specialization? Why do brought together scholars from diverse history, philosophy, and sociology of science disciplinary backgrounds to discuss historical, tend to drift apart, while disciplines become less conceptual, epistemological, political, and less important in the life sciences

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themselves? of the Life Sciences. innovative formats. If you are interested in Recent years have seen a number of attempts to proposing a session with an unusual format (e.g., employ the empirical methods and the conceptual with pre-circulated papers or requiring an tools of social anthropology in the study of the unusual room format or special equipment), life sciences, especially with respect to the please contact us so we can make sure it is effects of new reproductive technologies on feasible. If you have any ideas, questions, or conceptions of kinship and identity. Is there such suggestions, please contact the program officers. a thing as an 'anthropological approach' to the life Email contact is strongly preferred, but if you do sciences, and if so, what could it look like? And not have access to it, you may also send letters is this indeed the field, as some of its via regular mail. If you write by e-mail, please protagonists claim, where historical, sociological, make sure to include the term ISHPSSB in your and philosophical studies of the life sciences subject line. Staffan Müller-Wille, ESRC Centre could join hands to adequately reflect the for Genomics in Society, University of Exeter, complex, hybrid formations in which biological Amory Building, Rennes Drive, Exeter EX4 4RJ, knowledge is produced today? Biology and United Kingdom, S.E.W.Mueller- Politics. From William Harvey's theory of blood [email protected]. Hans-Jörg circulation to Rudolf Virchow's cell theory, from Rheinberger,,Max-Planck-Institute for the Darwin's theory of evolution to present day History of Science, Boltzmannstr. 22, D-14195 conceptions of the genome as 'our common Berlin, Germany, rheinbg@mpiwg- inheritance' – biological themes have always berlin.mpg.de. resonated with political ones. What is the impact that novel biological theories and practices have had on conceptions of human identity and Utopias, Human Rights, and Gender in Twentieth agency, especially in the contested areas of Century Europe is the title of the workshop to be sex/gender and race/ethnicity? And how do held 13-16 December 2007 at the Freud political agendas and contexts shape research in Museum, Vienna, sponsored by the Institute for the life sciences? Systems Biology. Recent years Contemporary History, University of Vienna in have seen an upsurge of systemic approaches in association with the Freud Museum and Cooper biology that try to make sense of the vast Union (New York). The conveners are Prof. Dr. amounts of data that have been accumulated by Atina Grossmann (Cooper Union, New York) the genome sequencing projects and other data- and Prof. Dr. Carola Sachse (University of gathering exercises. Systemic approaches have a Vienna). The deadline for proposals (1 page and long history in biology. But do their recent brief CV) is 31 January 2007. Twentieth century counterparts actually signal a return to a more European history has been marked by holistic biology, or are we in fact witnessing the catastrophic violence and persecution unleashed complete takeover of mechanism and by movements and regimes promising to create reductionism in biology? And does systems racial, political, and social-economic utopias. It biology raise new ethical, legal, and social has also brought an unprecedented recognition challenges? Biology beyond the Evolutionary and articulation of concepts of human rights, Synthesis. A lot of scholarly attention, especially formulated in individual or collective (national, in the , has been invested ethnic, or cultural) terms. Both utopian visions into the interpretation and evaluation of and conceptions of human rights have been evolutionary theory. Large areas in the inflected by, and shaped, definitions of gender. biomedical sciences, however, are concerned The workshop will focus on the tensions and with data collection or the elucidation of contradictions between models for social utopias mechanisms and functions, activities that seem to and concepts of individual human rights, gain little, if anything, from evolutionary between visions of utopia and gender equality, speculations. Moreover, it becomes increasingly and between individual and collective rights and evident that the large majority of organisms, obligations. We welcome contributions dealing especially microorganisms, do not fit the with the most prominent social movements, standard model of speciation. How would a political regimes, and economic models in broader perspective on the life sciences affect our twentieth century Europe. These in part understanding of life? The basic time unit for overlapping, in part competing, and in part sessions will be 90 minutes; sessions uncompromisingly opposed movements, encompassing two such units (but not more) are regimes, and models include Fascism, National welcome, as long as there are at least five formal Socialism, Communism, liberalism, Zionism, participants over the two sessions. We encourage Americanism Social Democracy, and laissez

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 21 faire capitalism. We want to ask very broadly and Sciences, Cooper Union, 51 Astor Place, New in reference to each case: How were notions of York, NY 10003-7120, [email protected]. Prof. Dr. the self and individual self-determination linked Carola Sachse, Institut für Zeitgeschichte, to models of social organization? What roles Universität Wien, Spitalgasse 2, Hof 1, A-1090 were assigned to men and women; to what Wien, [email protected]. degree were these roles hierarchical or egalitarian? How were ideas and ideals of collective and individuals rights reconciled and Statistics as a boundary object between science negotiated? To what degree were they conceived and the state is the title of the international in terms of gender equality or difference? How conference, in connection with the project “For were these ideas and ideals institutionalized and Whom the Bell Curves,” in Trondheim, anchored in norms, laws, and discourses? How Norway, 14-16 May 2007. The workshop will be did “biopower” (to use Foucault’s term) register open to a limited number (max 100) of senior in the political, social, and cultural history of and junior academics. PhD students who utopian movements and regimes? How did the participate and present a paper will also be able discourses and practices of “social to receive course credit. The keynote and plenary rationalization” – explicit and pervasive across speakers are Alain Desrosières (Centre the political spectrum in the first half of the Alexandre Koyré d'histoire des Paris), Susan twentieth century – continue to work after the Leigh Star (Santa Clara University), Jean-Guy Second World War? How were they interrupted Prévost (Univeristy of Quebec at Montreal), or recoded? What influence can be ascribed to Simon Cole (University of California, Irvine), alternative discourses, particularly Jonathan Kahn (University of Minnesota), psychoanalysis, in conceptualizing and mediating Karen-Sue Taussig (University of Minnesota) the relationship of individual and collective, as and Ann Rudinow Sætnan (NTNU). The well as of women and men, in these utopian language of the workshop will be English. We regimes and visions? Moreover, what sort of will allow students to present papers written in utopian notions are embedded in psychoanalysis? French or in Scandinavian languages, but we How did individual women and men reflect on request that the oral presentations be in their personal engagement in utopian social English. Registration fee: NOK 565 (appx. €67). movements and political regimes in memoirs, After 19 Mar 07: NOK 665 (appx. €78) Fee correspondence, diaries, and other literary or includes participation and coffee break snacks. visual documents? What is the place of gender as Some travel grant funding will likely be an analytic category in the historiography of available. Information about speakers and modern utopias as well as in the formulation and practical information on programme, conference institutionalization of human rights? We invite dinner (not included in fee), accommodation and proposals from historians and scholars in a travel can be found at our website: variety of related disciplines, including the social http://www.svt.ntnu.no/iss/ sciences and cultural and legal studies. Proposals projects/bell/workshop.htm. Historical related to ongoing graduate or post-doctoral analyses tell us that statistics as mathematical projects are particularly welcome. Please submit specialty and governmental practice evolved in a one page proposal and brief CV in either interaction with the emergence of the modern English or German to: state. These analyses take us to about the 1970’s. [email protected] by January 31, Since then, we have seen: an explosion in 2007. We will notify the 12-15 selected computer power; a swing away from government participants in February 2007. Papers of no more planning and towards submission to the than 15 pages must be submitted, in either “invisible hand” of the market; and the erection English or German, by October 31, 2007. The of “firewalls” (however leaky) around our workshop in December 2007 will focus on personal data. We invite contributions addressing discussion of pre-circulated papers and prepared how those changes, and others, may be affecting comments by the participants. A follow-up the practices of public statistics; which impacts conference is planned for Fall 2008, for they may have on the gathering, storing, sorting, discussion of revised papers to be included in a classifying, analyzing, and deploying statistics, German-language volume to be published in and thereby on practices of governance and on 2009. Travel costs for the first workshop will be the lives of citizens. We especially welcome covered. Funding for second workshop is contributions related to our own five fields of pending. Contact: Prof. Atina investigation: Classification of populations into Grossmann, Faculty of Humanities and Social contested categories, e.g. race.; Criminal justice

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databases and statistics practices; Health technology. Write to the organizers of the databases and statistics-based diagnostics; SSTNET sessions. Luisa Oliveira: CIES / ISCTE Statistics in municipal governance; and Analysis , Higher Institute of Social Sciences and Business of algorithms found in the four above-listed Studies, Lisboa, Portugal. Phone: (351) areas. Abstract submission (300 words) and 217903077, Fax: (351) 217940074, E-mail: registration is available the website. Abstract [email protected]; Raymund Werle: Max submission deadline: 19 Feb 2007. Registration Planck Institute for the Study of Societies, Köln, deadline: 19 Mar 2007. Germany. Phone: +49 221 2767224; Fax:+49 221 2767452; E-mail: [email protected]. Aaro Tupasela, Department of Sociology, PO Box 18 / Contentious “Progress” in Science and 00014 University of Helsinki, Tel.: +358 9 Technology is the title of a proposed session by 19123970; Fax.: +358 9 191 2396; E-mail SSTNET members at the 8th ESA Conference [email protected]. Franc Mali (European Sociological Association), to be held (University of Ljubljana, Slovenia) in Glasgow, 3-6 September, 2007. The SSTNET [email protected]. Katarina Prpic´, Institute members have issued a call for papers. Fuelled for Social Research, Zagreb, Croatia, Phone: by public and private investments in research and (385) (1) 48 10 264; Fax: (385) (1) 48 10 263; E- development, the speed of innovation has mail [email protected]. accelerated and also the pressure has increased to market innovations as early as possible. The ambivalent implications of this kind of The Society & Sports Network (ESN) of the “progress” have become a public issue. Risks European Sociological Association (ESA) invites inherent in scientific and technological you to submit papers, to be presented at the Eight innovations but also the vulnerability of modern ESA Conference in Glasgow, UK Topics to be society through potential misuse of high-tech addressed in the ESN sessions include: Sports achievements in areas such as ICT, and Culture; Sports, Politics and Governance; biotechnology, nanotechnology, or energy Sports and Health; Sports and Social Inequality; machinery are on the agenda. Many risks have a Sports and Fitness; Sports and Physical Activity; global dimension. They affect also those who do Sports, Civil Society and Voluntary not participate in the high-tech innovation Organizations; Sports and Social Capital; Sports journey. This is why assessing science and and Economy; Sports and Media; Sports and technology is no longer or can no longer be a Gender; Sports and Professionalization; Sports technocratic exercise of circles of experts. and Commercialization; Sports and Doping; and Questions of governance of modern science and Sports and Technology. Other topics could also technology but also moral and ethical issues be of interest. Abstracts should be submitted related to innovation and “progress” have moved through the online submission form on the to the center of public debate. This debate is website www.esa8thconference.com. The driven mainly by civil society organizations deadline for submission is 28 February 2007. Co- which, however, often have to struggle gaining ordinator and contact address for Society & public attention. Papers are invited which from a Sports: Ørnulf Seippel, conceptual or theoretical angle discuss these [email protected], Institute for issues and/or present empirical studies. Social Research, Munthesgt. 31, 0260 Oslo, Registration and abstracts will be accepted from Norway, Phone: 0047 23086123/0047 97167500 autumn 2006. Detailed information concerning abstract submission can be found on the conference website of the European Sociological The Third Plenary Conference of the Tensions of Association http://www.esa8thconference.com. Europe Network will be held on 7-10 June 2007 The provisional deadline for abstract submission in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The European is 15th February, 2007. A PhD students session Science Foundation (ESF) and the Foundation will be organized to facilitate the involvement of for the History of Technology in the PhD students in this growing research area. This Netherlandsistory of Technology are jointly PhD Students session will offer the opportunity organizing the Launch Conference of the ESF to present current PhD work, the aim is not to EUROCORES Programme /Inventing Europe/ in have straight presentations, but to grant enough conjunction with the Third Plenary Conference time to discuss central issues of the thesis. This of the /Tensions of Europe/ Network (ToE). The session has no thematic restriction, being open to ESF EUROCORES Programme /Inventing all PHD projects in the area of science and Europe/ and ToE strive, through collaborative

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 23 research and coordinating efforts, to promote capital of Syros. The commission's meeting is studies of the interplay between technical change held from the 6th to the 9th of July, 2007. The and European history. Instead of focusing on conference explores the importance of national histories, the emphasis of both initiatives networking in science from a gender perspective. is on /transnational/ technological developments It is indubitable that networks play an important that have shaped and are shaping Europe. For role in the development of science. Exchange of scholars interested in the role of technology in knowledge and expertise between scientists of European history this event will provide a unique several countries and universities stand on the opportunity not only to present and discuss top of their agenda. Parallel to this runs the current and envisaged new research, but also to importance of belonging to the "right" networks create new networks and plan coordinated for the development of one's own scientific activities for some years to come. We encourage career. Historically participation in professional scholars from all disciplines who study subjects organisations and other scientific networks have related to the areas below to submit abstracts for been long ago recognized as the most essential the research sessions and roundtables organised part in the advancement of science. However, by the Tensions of Europe network. These areas given the marginal position of women in science are drawn from the Inventing Europe themes (see it is interesting to explore the role of gender in http://www.esf.org/inventingeurope) and the networking in science. In its 1999 Tensions of Europe Intellectual Agenda (see Communication "Women and Science," the www.histech.nl/tensions). Building Europe European Commission recognised that networks through Infrastructures, or, how Europe has been of women scientists have a key role to play. The shaped by the material links of transnational conference aims to a sociological and historical infrastructure; Constructing European Ways of understanding of the role of scientific networks Knowing, or, how Europe became articulated to women's professional careers and the role of through efforts to unite knowledge and practices gender to the establishment and maintaining of on a European scale; Consuming Europe, or, how scientific networks. Abstracts of contributed actors reworked consumer goods and artefacts papers are due February 28, 2007. You could for local, regional, national, European, and global send your abstract either electronically or via use Europe in the Global World, or, how Europe mail to Dr. Annette Vogt, President of the has been created through colonial, ex-colonial, Commission Women in Science of the trans-Atlantic, and other global exchanges; DHS/IUHPS Max Planck Institute for the History Synthetic methodological or historiographical of Science, Boltzmannstr. 44, 14195 Berlin, explorations of the role of technology in Germany, [email protected], or Maria transnational European history. For more Rentetzi, Secretary of the Commission Women information, contact Rüdiger Klein in Science of the DHS/IUHPS, National ([email protected]). Technical University of Athens Efestion 11, Thisio, Athens 11851, Greece, [email protected].

Networking in Science: The Gender Perspective is the title of the conference to be held in The PhD students of the Augustin Cournot Ermoupolis of Syros, Greece, on July 6-9, Doctoral School are pleased to announce the 2007. The Commission "Women in Science" of upcoming fourth edition of the Augustin Cournot the International Union for History and Doctoral Days (ACDD) to be held from the 10th Philosophy of Science/Division of History of to 12th April 2007 at the Université Louis Science is organizing a conference to honor the Pasteur in Strasbourg, France. This 25th anniversary of the Commission's interdisciplinary conference provides a establishment. The venue is the Ermoupolis stimulating environment in which international Seminars in Syros, a Cycladic island in Greece. PhD students and young researchers can The Ermoupolis Seminars constitute an exchange their ideas with experienced important institution in Greece. For the last 23 researchers. The History of Science and Science years they have been organized the National & Technology Studies portion of the conference Hellenic Research Foundation, will focus notably on the history of science, http://www.eie.gr/http://www.eie.gr/, in technology and medicine, as well as sociology collaboration to the Scientific Foundation of and other social studies of science. Papers on the Cyclades. The seminars take place at the following themes will be particularly welcomed: historical building of the Town Hall of Cyclades Risk and regulation; Health and environment; and the Industrial Museum of Ermoupolis, the Clinical medicine; Innovation in therapeutics;

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and Physical and observatory sciences. Sessions topics include the following. Governing the Risk will not be limited to these topics.Accepted Society (Chair: Peter Taylor-Gooby, University papers will be presented in parallel sessions of Kent, Canterbury, UK, P.F.Taylor- focusing on each domain. The format is a 20 [email protected]). The emergence of the risk minute presentation followed by 10 minutes of approach to managing uncertainty and the questions and discussion. Plenary sessions are implications for governance across public and scheduled during the three days with the private sectors and personal life have been participation of senior researchers. Interested extensively analysed. This section invites papers PhD students are expected to submit an extended which draw on these themes, and those which abstract in English (apx. 1 page and three consider current developments, including but not keywords) in electronic form to the following limited to: Risk and Citizenship; Risk and Trust; address: [email protected]. New Public Policies and Risk; and Risk and New Submission should include the author’s name, Forms of Management. Health, Risk and affiliation, address, phone number and email. European Societies (Chair: Andy Alaszewski, The fee is 60 euros, and it covers registration, Centre for Health Service Studies (CHSS), noon and evening meals. Deadline for University of Kent, Canterbury, UK, submission: 1 February 2007. Acceptance [email protected]). Health forms a notification: 1 March 2007. Registration major site for the articulation and construction of deadline: 15 March 2007. Communication of the risk in late modern society. Failures to effectively full paper (optional - for publication on the identify and manage risk often result in major ACDD website): 1 April 2007. For further health problems even disasters while the information on the conference format and uncertainty associated with health threats are a program details, please refer to: http://cournot.u- major factor in shaping individual and collective strasbg.fr/acdd. behaviour. We invite papers which address different dimensions of health and risk from issues of human agency, through the institutional There has been a call for papers for the sessions structuring of risk to the societal construction of of the Research Network 'Sociology of Risk and risk and uncertainty. Risk Discourses and the Uncertainty' at the 8th conference of the Media (Chair: to be determined). The media European Sociological Association on 'Conflict, doubtless play an important role to disseminate Citizenship and Civil Society', 3-6 September knowledge about the world, which risks and 2007 in Glasgow, UK. The deadline 15th uncertainties we have to expect and which February 2007. Risk and uncertainty are worries and concerns torture us in everyday life. important issues in a growing amount of societal Nevertheless, the media only partly influence areas and social research. The management and people's risk perception. The session aims to negotiation of risk, its socio-cultural production examine how media discourses (e.g. on GM- in media coverage and discourses and the food, bird flue, divorce, youth, crime) construct conflicts on its (unequal) allocation are focal risk and uncertainty and how media and the themes in the sociology of risk and uncertainty. public are connected. Terrorism, Risk and As there is a growing interest in how sociological Uncertainty (Chair: Gabe Mythen, Manchester macro phenomena are linked to everyday life, the Metropolitan University, UK, call for papers of the research network covers a [email protected]). Following on from high wide range of topics. It reaches from strategies to profile terrorist attacks in the United States, govern the risk society and the discoursive Spain and the UK, terrorism has become a construction of risk and uncertainty via issues of crucial and contested problem in Western health and illness to the ongoing reproduction of nations. Political debates have centred on the social inequalities. There is an additional focus nature, communication and management of the on individual's experience and management of terrorist threat. Meanwhile, academics have risk and uncertainty. The various links of risk sought to understand the thorny issues that and suffering are addressed as well as the cluster around terrorism with recourse to extant phenomena of voluntary (high) risk taking. In a risk theories. This theme seeks to make sense of shared session with the RN Biographical current events by engaging with the risks and Perspectives on European Societies the different uncertainties that emerge around the terrorist forms of the management of risk and uncertainty threat, including its representation, mediation, during the course of their life as well as the interpretation and regulation. Submissions are impact of one's biography on the experience of invited for papers which engage with one or risk and uncertainty will be examined. Session more of the following themes: Terrorism and

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 25 Changing Modes of Risk Assessment; Media Societies', (Chair: Jens O. Zinn, Representations of Terrorism; Terrorism and the [email protected] and Robin Humphrey, Politics of Fear; Security, Surveillance and [email protected]). Terrorism; Terrorism, Law and Uncertainty; and Biographical research and risk research are two Terrorism, Crime and Governance. Risk, rising stars of sociological and interdisciplinary Uncertainty and Social Inequalities (Chair: research which converge in many respects. In Anwen Jones, University of York, UK, risk research the pressing question on the factors [email protected]). Beck's thesis on the risk how people perceive and respond to risk recently society (1991) stated a change in societal developed greater interest into narrative and reproduction mode from a society mainly driven biographical research since risk perceptions by class differences to a society mainly driven by research, the psychometric paradigm and rational risk. Even though this assumption was action approaches showed significant continuously criticized there is still a lack of weaknesses. How current activities and newer studies of the reproduction of social orientations are embedded in the accumulation of inequalities in the risk society and how risk and experiences during the course of one's life is the inequalities interact, whether they mutually central focus of biographical research. In this amplify or weaken inequalities. Papers are perspective risk perception and coping with risk invited which contribute to the understanding of is part of the overall management of one's life the societal reproduction of social inequalities in and its miseries and therefore only the risk society. Risk, Uncertainty, and Social understandable against the background of one's Suffering (Chair: Marja-Liisa Honkasalo, biography embedded in a socio-historical University of Helsinki, Finland (marja- context. Papers are welcome which examine [email protected]). Social suffering as a people's everyday management of risks in a theoretical and methodological approach has biographical perspective. Please submit your recently been widely discussed within the abstracts via the conference homepage, domain of social sciences. Social suffering is http://www.esa8thconference.com/abstractsubmi approached from various perspectives; it is ssion/index.php by 15th February 2007. defined as a social category that connects different kinds of human problems, including pain, illness experience, political violence, and The 4th Dubrovnik Conference on Sustainable other trials for people to undergo or endure. Development (www.dubrovnik2007.fsb.hr) will Some scholars consider social suffering as lived be held on June 4-8 2007, in Dubrovnik, experience, and as something that hinders the Croatia. A special session will be held on most meaningful in one's life. Still others, like Sustainable Socio-Technical Transport Systems: Bourdieu, with his concept of misère considers Intellectual refreshments from and for the STS sufferings in a plural and emphasizes human community. Many scholars, in particular those in agency and praxis in shifting and multiple the field of Science and Technology Studies contexts of everyday life. The session aims to (STS), argue for interdisciplinary collaboration to discussing the problems of risk in the context of develop not only a better conceptual grasp of social suffering, thus giving it a broader socio-technical systems but also to devise more perspective upon the lived experience of effective policy advise on how to make such uncertainty, contingency, and agency. Voluntary systems more sustainable. However, it has not Risk Taking (Chair: Stephen Lyng, Carthage yet become standard College, USA, [email protected]). In the practice for STS scholars to expose themselves to context of risk, research often focuses on the the engineering details of, say, more sustainable individual's prevention of or coping with transport systems. Conversely, it seems fair to undesired events. The reasons and forms of why state that engineers typically do not people seek risks and uncertainties are less well systematically seek advice from social scientists examined even though voluntary risk taking is an – or only in an “end-of-pipe” fashion to advertise essential part of our life (Lupton/Tulloch 2002; resource efficient products to public, corporate or Lyng 2005). Voluntary risk taking is addressed in private consumers. The 4th Dubrovnik a range of areas as crime, leisure time, sex, Conference on Sustainable Development of sports, work, drug use etc. The session aims to Energy, Water and Environment Systems will try pool forms of voluntary risk taking in European to provide a venue for a more truly societies. Shared sessions with other research interdisciplinary dialogue about sustainable networks: Biography, Risk, and Uncertainty, development – in particular about sustainable with RN 'Biographical Perspectives on European transport. Its conceptual starting point is the

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acknowledgement of sustainable development as engineering, and management of dangerous a complex, multi-criteria challenge requiring processes; to worker health and disease; to interdisciplinary collaboration. Papers exploring housing and sanitation; to air and water “engineering, social, and environment aspects” of pollution; to ecological impacts on surrounding sustainable transport are therefore invited as lands and livelihoods. The industries involved contributions to the emerging field of may be older, as in agriculture or mining or sustainability science. The special session on a textiles, or newer, as in petrochemical or nuclear socio-technical understanding of transport plants. For each period, we seek cases studies in systems will be a platform for such cross- both developed and developing worlds. (2) fertilisation and mutual refreshment. Its Knowing and controlling industrial hazards: contributions will offer insights from recent STS Issues may include the evolving awareness of research about the hybrid constitution of danger, risk, or dissemination; changing and sustainable transport systems and the systemic conflicting styles of knowledge, whether lay or interweavement of their social, institutional and expert; changing means of detection and technical elements. Papers are also invited about diagnosis; the influence of worker or concrete tools to put these insights to action, like environmental organizations and advocacy; Co-evolution audit, Strategic Niche Management different state and regulatory approaches and (SNM), Constructive Technology Assessment their impacts; and debates and struggles over (CTA), Co-Evolutionary Socio-technical solutions, whether technological, legal or Scenario Method (CEST-method) etc. Since political. (3) Historical relationships between dialogue involves talking and listening, the intra-workplace and wider environmental presenters are particularly encouraged to also hazards, and between the professional and legal disclose their concerns and knowledge gaps as terrains of “occupational,” potential “docking points” for contributions of “environmental,” and “public” health. (4) Cross- their peers from engineering and natural science national passages in the making, recognition and departments. It is intended to publish selected remedy of industrial hazards. These may involve contributions to this unique dialogue in Built multinational companies, capital, managers, Environment, www.alexandrinepress.co.uk, migratory workers, raw materials, experts, whose editors have already expressed their technologies, scientific or other cultural interest in such a special issue. Session convenor: practices, government or international agencies, Dr. Ralf Brand, University of Manchester, or labor or environmental groups. (5) [email protected], +44 / 161 / Comparative and supra-national approaches to 2750317. Authors willing to present a paper the history of industrial hazard. Our deliberations should prepare a one-page abstract using the will strive for a more synthetic understanding of abstract template at how the history of industrial hazards has varied www.dubrovnik2007.fsb.hr/AbstractTemplate.rtf across industries, nations, and periods, and of . Abstract submissions are required by January how, when, and why hazardous processes and 15 2007 via the web form. Copies of the abstract their associated knowledge and remedy have (or should also be sent to the session convenor at have not) traveled from one nation or territory to [email protected]. All papers will be another. The conference will have a workshop reviewed under direction of the Scientific format, as we plan to move quickly to an edited Advisory Board; the session organiser is not publication. Accepted participants will be involved in the Review Process. expected to submit a full manuscript version of their paper a month and a half beforehand, as a basis for conference discussions. Funds will Dangerous Trade: Histories of Industrial Hazard likely be available for accepted presenters to across a Globalizing World, the international cover food, lodging, and travel, national as well conference on the historical relationship between as international. We hope to strike an even industrial hazards and globalization, will be held balance between U.S. and non-U.S. participants. December 13-15, 2007, at Stony Brook Paper proposals must include an abstract of at University, Stony Brook, N.Y. It will focus least five hundred words and a curriculum vitae. especially on two more recent periods of global The deadline for paper proposals is March 31, economic integration, the late nineteenth/early 2007. They should be sent as email attachments, twentieth and the later twentieth centuries. The in Word or Wordperfect files, to conference will highlight several themes: (1) the [email protected] or else as hard making of hazardous industries in particular copies, to Christopher Sellers, History places. Issues may range from design, Department, Stony Brook University, Stony

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 27 Brook, NY 11794 USA. Please address inquiries drawing and painting, craft practices, the impact to Christopher Sellers, at the above email, or to of mechanical reproduction, anatomies and Joseph Melling at [email protected]. preparations (eg slides, models, specimens). 2.Changes of scale, microscopy, photography, X- Visualising Nature: Making Images and the Rays, the consolidation of agreement about the Production of Biological Knowledge from Early meaning of images, eyewitness reports, realism Modern Natural History to Contemporary Life and observation, training. 3.Film and digital Sciences is the title of the Ischia Summer technologies; new instruments and new School on the History of the Life Sciences, conceptual problems. 4. Images as theory and Ischia, 3 July – 10 July, 2007. It is supported by tool, diagrams, maps, scans, tables, graphs and Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (Naples), iconic representations such as evolutionary trees, Institut d'Histoire de la Médecine et de la Santé biological cycles, isotopic tracing. 5.Computer (Geneva), Max-Planck-Institut für simulations, the enhancement of reality, the place Wissenschaftsgeschichte (Berlin), and History of of perceptual evidence in modern biology, Science Department, Harvard University genetic and epidemiological maps, the depiction (Cambridge, Mass). The Directors of the School of cells. 6.Visual display, museums, book are Giorgio Bernardi and Christiane Groeben illustration, spectacle, mass-media outlets. It is (Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples) Janet hoped to arrange time for participating students Browne (Harvard), Bernardino Fantini (Geneva), also to present a brief account of their own work. Hans-Jörg Rheinberger (Berlin). The 2007 In addition there will be opportunities for a film summer school will explore the relationship screening, provisionally a selection of Jean between making and knowing in the biological Painlevé's classic natural history films (1940s). A sciences as mediated by visual culture from the visit to the laboratory of the Stazione Zoologica Renaissance to the modern day. We intend to 'Anton Dohrn' in Naples is planned during which focus on three interrelated themes. One theme students can explore modern laboratory concerns craft practices and the development of techniques and the famous aquarium. The visualising technologies. The development of emphasis of the course will be on encouraging such techniques (engraving, photography, film discussion and exchanging ideas across and digital technologies) disciplinary boundaries. English is the official invariably takes place outside biology and working language. A background reading pack therefore gives rise to problems of application, for the workshops will be sent to each participant conversion and definition, all of which impact on in advance. The first and last days (Tuesday 3 the practice of biology. The second theme July and Tuesday 10 July) are travelling days concerns the historical relation between theory with no lectures scheduled. The island of Ischia and image in the formation of scientific can only be approached by ferry from Naples and arguments. The iconic images of an evolutionary participants arriving by air are encouraged to tree, biochemical cycles or the double helix, for check the ferry timetables carefully. We will example, are wedded to our understanding of provide all necessary information. The weather at current research. Visualisation, in this sense, is this time of year is extremely warm and sunny, the statement of theory. Third, there are the especially around midday, and for comfort we cognitive claims about reality that are made schedule our sessions during the morning and through images, for example through graphs, late afternoon. Applications should be sent by 30 diagrams, moving images, time lapse or changes January 2007 to: Professor Bernardino Fantini, of scale, microscopy, computer simulation, Institut d.Histoire de la Médecine et de la Santé, museum display, the rhetoric of book illustration, CMU, Case postale, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland, TV wildlife films and medical imaging. Phone: +41.22.379.57.90; Fax: Perceptual evidence has traditionally been given +41.22.379.57.92, Email: privileged epistemic status in science. Yet [email protected]. Please increasing use of non-optical detection methods include a brief cv, a statement specifying your and increasing reliance on statistical processing academic experience and interest in the course to generate data renders the status of the topic, and a letter of recommendation. The group knowledge problematic. The aim is to bring will be limited to about 25 participants. There is together graduate and recent postdoctoral a small charge for students of 400 Euros each. students with experts from a number of different This fee covers full board and lodging. The fields to engage with the following key topics: organisers gratefully acknowledge awards from 1.Techologies of making images and presenting the VolkswagenStiftung and the Stazione biological materials, including the fine arts, Zoologica Anton Dohrn (Naples).

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International Interdisciplinary Conference, will be held at the Institute of Geography, University Geometrical Objects: Architecture and the of Edinburgh on 18-21 July 2007. See Mathematical Sciences 1400-1800, will be held http://www.geos.ed.ac.uk/geography/geog19c. at the Museum of the History of Science and The conference themes are the Production of Worcester College, University of Oxford on scientific knowledge; Mobility of scientific 19-20 March 2007. Recent scholarship in the knowledge; and Consumption of scientific history of science has underscored the mutually knowledge. The importance of space and the reinforcing relationship between “high” and situated nature of knowledge in understanding “low,” or theoretical and practical, forms of early the history of intellectual and social change have modern mathematics. As many historians have been increasingly acknowledged by scholars in a shown, mathematicians of the period were deeply variety of disciplines. In this context, the 'spatial involved in problems of instrument making, turn' evident in the history of science has been surveying, paralleled by work in geography which has paid engineering, gunnery, and navigation. At the attention to science's discovery, the sites of its same time, the practitioners of these arts were reception and justification and studies of the increasingly concerned with questions of higher nature of science's movement across space. In mathematics and natural philosophy as they this regard, the time is right to reinforce pertained to the advancement of their craft. In interdisciplinary enquiry and establish new fact, practitioners appear to have provided an research frontiers by exploring the significance important intellectual and technical context for of geographical thinking to the making, many of the period’s mathematical discoveries - movement and reception of science, here in the an essential development, historians now nineteenth century. Speakers: Sam Alberti maintain, in the larger history of the “scientific (University of Manchester), Lawrence Dritsas revolution.” Architecture, too, was a (University of Edinburgh), Diarmid Finnegan “mathematical” art, almost wholly dependent on (Queen's University Belfast), Aileen Fyfe geometrical or arithmetic operations of some (National University of Ireland, Galway), form or another. The process of design itself - Graeme Gooday (University of Leeds), Sally insofar as it required the application of consistent Gregory Kohlstedt (University of Minnesota), proportional rules - was largely defined by them, Bernard Lightman (York University, Toronto), as were many other basic tasks. Surveying, cost David Livingstone (Queen's University Belfast), estimates, bookkeeping, and even the use of Iwan Morus (University of Aberystwyth), Simon routine graphic techniques - perspective, scaled Naylor (University of Exeter), Theodore Porter orthogonal drawing, and stereotomic diagrams - (University of California, Los Angeles), Nicholas all entailed a certain amount of mathematical Rupke (University of Göttingen), Anne Secord training. Nor were these skills limited to the (University of Cambridge), Sujit Sivasundaram design of buildings. Architects also used (University of Cambridge), Crosbie Smith calculations in mapping cities, laying out (University of Kent), Jon Topham (University of fortifications, and planning hydraulic projects for Leeds), Charles Withers (University of gardens, dams, and canals. Military and civil Edinburgh). Deadline for registration is 18 June engineering had long been part of the Vitruvian 2007. This conference is sponsored by The tradition. This symposium seeks to explore issues British Academy, The British Society for the and questions raised by this situation. To what History of Science, Queen's University Belfast, extent can the architect be considered a The Royal Society of Edinburgh, the Historical “mathematical practitioner”? What role did Geography Research Group of the Royal architectural practice and building technologies Geographical Society (with the Institute of play in the broader evolution of mathematics? British Geographers) and The University of How did architects see themselves in relation Edinburgh (Moray Endowment Fund). to mathematicians and scientists? What are the documented cases of contact or conflict between these groups? Attendance is free but registration The European Science Foundation (ESF) and the essential. For further information and a list of Foundation for the History of Technology in the speakers see Netherlands are jointly organizing the Launch http://www.mhs.ox.ac.uk/architecture/. Conference of the ESF EUROCORES Programme Inventing Europe in conjunction with the Third Plenary Conference of the Geographies of Nineteenth-Century Science: An Tensions of Europe Network (ToE). The ESF EUROCORES Programme Inventing Europe and

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 29 ToE strive, through collaborative research and the dialogue paper will be a brief piece that poses coordinating efforts, to promote studies of the a number of historical problems and/or questions interplay between technical change and European related to the conference theme that will be history. Instead of focusing on national histories, addressed in the debate. While the organizer the emphasis of both initiatives is on should propose discussants, the Program transnational technological developments that Committee may make additional suggestions. have shaped and are shaping Europe. For The chair may decide either to limit the scholars interested in the role of technology in conversation to invited roundtable discussants or European history this event will provide a unique to allow the audience to ask questions and enter opportunity not only to present and discuss the debate. Research sessions will be allotted a current and envisaged new research, but also to minimum time slot of one and a half hours, and create new networks and plan coordinated roundtable discussions one hour. The deadline activities for some years to come. We encourage for session and roundtable proposals is scholars from all disciplines who study subjects JANUARY 22, 2007. The session abstracts related to the areas below to submit abstracts for (maximum 600 words) should be submitted by the research sessions and roundtables organised the organizers together with the abstracts for the by the Tensions of Europe network. These areas individual presentations (maximum 500 words are drawn from the Inventing Europe themes (see each). To propose a roundtable, please submit a http://www.esf.org/inventingeurope) and the list of invited participants and an abstract Tensions of Europe Intellectual Agenda (see (maximum 600 words). When giving the www.histech.nl/tensions ). The conference seeks proposal a digital file name, please include the contributions that will treat technological change organizer’s last name, and either RS for research as an entry point into the contested practice of session or RT for round table. The abstracts Europeanization. Four general areas to be should be sent to the Program Committee by explored are: Building Europe through email to [email protected] . Please direct queries to Infrastructures, or, how Europe has been shaped the Program Committee Coordinator, Donna C. by the material links of transnational Mehos ([email protected]). The Program infrastructure. Constructing European Ways of Committee will inform the session organizers Knowing, or, how Europe became articulated about its decisions no later than March 1, 2007. through efforts to unite knowledge and practices Tensions of Europe is seeking travel funding for on a European scale. Consuming Europe, or, how those who have no opportunity to participate actors reworked consumer goods and artefacts otherwise. Costs of InventingEurope participants for local, regional, national, European, and global will be borne by ESF. More information will use. Europe in the Global World, or, how Europe become available at the conference website has been created through colonial, ex-colonial, www.histech.nl/tensions. Papers and roundtable trans-Atlantic, and other global exchanges. discussion texts must be submitted to the Synthetic methodological or historiographical Program Committee by May 1, 2007 because explorations of the role of technology in they will be distributed to all conference transnational European history. The Program participants before the conference on a CD and Committee welcomes proposals that address the made available on the website. overall conference themes in the following two formats: Research sessions with three papers based on original research, and an invited Re:place 2007, the Second International commentator. Because the conference Conference on the Histories of Media, Art, encourages debate, appropriate time for Science and Technology, will be held at the Haus discussion should be allocated to the der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin, 15-18 commentators as well as the members of the November 2007. Re:place 2007, the Second audience. The papers will be pre-circulated to all International Conference on the Histories of conference participants. Conference participants Media, Art, Science and Technology, will take are expected to have read the papers thus place in Berlin from 15 - 18 November 2007 as a presentations should be brief. Roundtable project of Kulturprojekte Berlin GmbH in sessions with an open agenda or one paper to cooperation with Haus der Kulturen der Welt. start-off the discussion. The sessions will host no This conference is a sequel to 'Refresh!', the first more than six discussants including the organizer in this series, chaired by Oliver Grau and and the chair. The organizer is responsible for produced by the Database of Virtual Art, preparing a dialogue paper to stimulate debate, Leonardo, and Banff New Media Institute, and and if relevant, supplementary material. Ideally, held at the Banff Center in Canada in September

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2005, which brought together several hundred institutional histories of centers, sites, or events artists, scientists, researchers, curators and that have helped to concretize and engender the theoreticians of different disciplines. Re:place intersections between media, art, science and 2007 will be an international forum for the technology. Some broad areas could be: presentation and the discussion of exemplary experimental arts spaces, collaborative research approaches to the rapport between art, media, labs, significant exhibitions, etc. Place studies science and technology. With the title, 're:place', that highlight significant locations or situations we propose a thematic focus on locatedness and where such interdisciplinary intersections or the migration of knowledge and knowledge significant historical episodes have occurred. A production in the interdisciplinary contexts of art, few examples might be: 'Tesla in Budapest', historiography, science and technology. The 'Flusser in Brazil', USSR in the 1920s, 'Japan re:place 2007 conference will be devoted to between 1950s-1970s,' etc. Historiographical examining the manifold connections between art, issues, methods, and debates that pose critical science and technology, connections which have questions in the formulation of the histories of come into view more sharply through the the 'media arts'. These might include: growing attention to media art and its histories archaeology, genealogy or variantology as over the past years. It will address historical methodological tools, bridging the divide contexts and artistic explorations of new between art and media history, sociologies of technologies as well as the historical and interactivity, etc. Theoretical frameworks from contemporary research into the mutual influences various philosophical and disciplinary positions. between artistic work, scientific research and Topics might include the exemplary role of film technological developments. This research studies or musicology for the study of media arts, concerns such diverse fields as cybernetics, or the significance of cultural specificities and artificial intelligence, robotics, nano-technology, location in media and technologies, etc. The and bio-technology, as well as investigations in migration of knowledges and practices from the humanities including art history, visual different contexts, whether disciplinary, culture, musicology, comparative literature, institutional, geographical or cultural. Topics media archaeology, media theory, science might include: the role of migrant artists in the studies, and sociology. The conference development of new discourses and practices; the programme will include competitively selected, movement and adoption of disciplinary ideas peer-reviewed individual papers, panel from science into art contexts or vice versa, etc. presentations, poster sessions, as well as a small Access the online submission form at: number of invited speakers. Several Keynote http://www.mediaarthistory.org/. See also Lectures, by internationally renowned, http://tamtam.mi2.hr/replace. outstanding theoreticians and artists, will deliberate on the central themes of the conference. The conference will also include Engineering European Bodies: When Biomedical dedicated forum sessions for participants to Technologies Challenge European Governance, engage in more open-ended discussion and Bioethics and Identities is the Final Conference debate on relevant issues and questions. Re:place of the EU Project “Challenges of Biomedicine 2007 welcomes contributions from established as (CoB) – Socio-Cultural Contexts, European well as from emerging researchers in diverse Governance & Bioethics,“ to be held at the fields. The conference will be of interest to those University of Vienna, June 14-16, 2007. Over working in, but not limited to, the following the last few decades, biomedical technologies areas: art history and theory, literary studies, have played a crucial role in re-engineering the cultural studies, film and media studies, theatre, human body on multiple levels, as well as in re- dance and performance studies, philosophy, defining individual and collective identities. history, gender studies, human-computer These processes challenge established cultural interaction, contemporary art, musicology, sound understandings, the way we govern new studies, anthropology, sociology, geography, technologies as well as bioethical reflection. science, technology and society studies, history With the enlargement and integration of the of science, and history of technology. We are European Union, questions relating to common especially keen on empirical, conceptual, and governance of biomedical technologies including historical contributions that exemplify and a European bioethics framework, have to be expand the diverse methodological and thematic critically addressed both theoretically and concerns of this extended interdisciplinary area. empirically. Which roles do socio-cultural These might include contributions to: differences play and how do they figure in

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 31 shaping bodies and identities? What are the New Network Theory, the International impacts on civic approaches to technologies, Conference, will be held in Amsterdam on 28- ethical argumentation and visions of governing? 30 June 2007. Organized by the Amsterdam How are these differences handled in a common School for Cultural Analysis, Institute of Europe? To address these issues, this conference Network Cultures (Amsterdam Polytechnic, builds on a comparative and interdisciplinary HvA), and Media Studies, University of European research project “Challenges of Amsterdam, the conference Biomedicine”. Going beyond the project it aims (http://www.networkcultures.org/networktheory) to bring together academics from bioethics, also includes a public program with renowned science and technology studies, cultural speakers. The conference organizers are Geert anthropology, medicine as well as policy makers Lovink (Institute of Network Cultures/University on European and national levels. The goals of the of Amsterdam), Sabine Niederer (Institute of conference are to discuss empirical work and Network Cultures), Richard Rogers (University ethical reflection related to the topic of socio- of Amsterdam) and Jan Simons (University of cultural varieties in re-engineering bodies as well Amsterdam). The object of study has shifted as concepts of choice, agency and identity; to from the virtual community and the space of investigate the implications of biomedical flows to the smart mob. When the object of study technologies for the delivery of health care and changes, so may the distinctions that dominate, the public health; to debate implications of particularly the schism between place-based biomedical technologies for European and space and place-less space, both organised and national policy arenas; and to reflect on the given life by networks. We would like to exploit methodological challenges of comparative and the potential of writing contemporary network cross-disciplinary research. Plenary lectures theory that suits and reflects the changes to the addressing the key issues will be alternated by objects of study that come to define our parallel sessions which are meant to bring understandings of network culture – a post- together genuine empirical and theoretical work Castellsian network theory, if you will, that takes carried out in these areas within the project as technical media seriously. It is time to look for well as by invited researchers. Abstracts for elements that can make up a network theory individual presentations in the parallel sessions outside of post-modern cultural studies (which are invited (closing date February 28, 2007). The marvelled at the place-less place) and conference explicitly aims at bringing together ethnographic social sciences (which reminded us research from different disciplinary context such of the ground). What network culture studies as bioethics, anthropology, science and needs is a ‘language of new media,’ perhaps even technology studies. Presentations should fit the signage, to speak in terms of Lev Manovich; conference topic and relate to one of three topical what it currently has is a science-centered threads, either on: (1) the impact of biomedical ‘unified network theory,’ to paraphrase the technologies on identities, concepts of choice and language of Albert-László Barabási. Whilst it decision making; (2) the biotechnological may come as no surprise to critical Internet shaping of human values and attitudes; or (3) scholars, the notion that networks are not random public participation in and governance of but have underlying structures remains the key biomedical technologies and the public health insight for network scientists. Instead of posing systems they are embedded in. Papers addressing new questions, the work that follows from that cultural comparative and cross-disciplinary work insight often seeks to confirm that structure and and related methodological challenges, religious its accompanying patterns, across more and more and gender issues, as well as reflections on the network-like objects. The question remains normative and political implications of the which specific contribution critical Internet processes described above are explicitly invited. scholars and practitioners can make to opening Presentation proposals should contain title, up network thought. Such is the purpose of the speaker(s), affiliations and contact details, which network theory conference. How must we rethink of the conference threads it relates to, and an network culture with a renewed emphasis on abstract of 300 words. Please use the template technical media and social software? Suggested file on Topics: Networks and Social Movements, http://www.univie.ac.at/virusss/workshops as Anomylous Objects / Parasites of the Net, basis for your submission and send it by Networking and Social Life, Social Software and February 28, 2007, to Insider Networks, Network Policy, Network [email protected]. Governance / Organised Networks, Actor- Network Theory and the Assemblage, Gamers

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Contribute to Network Theory, Network is included in the construction of technological Knowledge Production, Networks and discourses and artefacts? How do issues Disengagement, Media Networks, The Link, concering gender, class, ethnicity, age etc. and Locative Media and Networks, and their intersectionality matter? How is the relation Mapping Quests. Other topics may be suggested. between ‘the’ social and ‘the’ technical through new technologies reconfigured? These are some of our main questions. We want to bring scholars The fifth European Conference on Computing together who are engaged in opening the and Philosophy (ECAP) is to be held on the blackbox of new technologies such as campus of the University of Twente, Enschede, computing, AI, etc. and who want to challenge The Netherlands, on June 21-23, 2007. ECAP is processes of normalisations. We invite research the European conference on Computing and concerning gender and diversity in Philosophy, the European affiliate of the technology/IT; critical analyses from science and International Association for Computing and technology studies, feminist/gender research, Philosophy (IACAP, president: Luciano postcolonial studies and other social and cultural Floridi). The conference will deal with all studies of technoscientific practices in general. aspects of the "computational turn" that is We are also looking for conceptualisations and occurring through the interaction of the ideas with regard to possibilities for intervention, disciplines of philosophy and computing. The change and alternative technology design, “in the conference is interdisciplinary: we invite papers engine rooms of technological production” from philosophy, computer science, social (Wajcman 1991, p. 164). Authors should submit science and related disciplines. During this event an electronic version of an extended abstract special attention will be paid to IT, Cultural (total word count approximately 1000 words). Diversity and Technoscience Studies. For whom The extended abstract submission deadline is and by who are technologies developed? Who Monday 29th January 2007. Please indicate your and what is made visible or invisible by the choice for the track in which you want to fit your standardisations and categorisations integral to abstract (number + name of track). Please submit technoscientific processes and artefacts? Who to: [email protected]. See also participates and on what and whose terms? Who http://www.utwente.nl/ECAP07.

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 33 News about Education

New for 2007, the Institute of Development the political and governance concerns arising Studies at the University of Sussex, Brighton, around health, agriculture and environment; and UK is offering an MA in Science, Society and a practical understanding of research and Development. Two full scholarships available in analytical methodologies and their application in 2007 for African students. What will future diverse policy contexts. For entry in October health and agricultural systems look like? Who 2007, fees are £10,400 for all students. Two full will benefit from genetically modified crops or scholarships are available for African students new vaccines? With climate change, will there be for this programme; please contact Julia Brown enough water for people to survive the 21st for further information. For other sources of century? What are the implications of global funding please see: pandemics of HIV/AIDS or bird flu? How can www.sussex.ac.uk/Units/publications/pgrad2006/ science and technology generate pro-poor awards_for_graduate_studies. The University's economic growth? What does a global postgraduate prospectus and application form can knowledge economy and society mean? Focusing be downloaded from: on such pressing practical and policy questions in http://www.sussex.ac.uk/pgapplication/ or health, environment and agriculture, this obtained from: Postgraduate Admissions, Sussex programme provides students with a solid House, grounding in development concepts and theories, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK. in combination with an understanding of the E-mail: [email protected]. For further politics and governance of scientific knowledge information, see and policy processes. Through exploring a http://www.ids.ac.uk/ids/teach/mascience.html, combination of theoretical and practical or contact Julia Brown, Programme perspectives, the course asks how science and Administrator, Phone: + 44 (0) 1273 678869. E- technology can contribute to poverty reduction, mail: [email protected]. social justice and environmental sustainability in the developing world. The programme, hosted by the Knowledge, Technology and Society A call for applications for PhD studentships and (KNOTS) team at IDS, is linked to a new IDS- scholarships in the History of Medicine at the SPRU (Science and Technology Policy Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Research) research centre: Social, Technological Medicine at University College London has and Environmental Pathways to Sustainability been issued. The Centre is the world's largest (STEPS). Throughout the programme, students research institute devoted to the study of the work closely with individual supervisors who History of Medicine. It invites applications from have a wide range of disciplinary and prospective PhD students for 3 years professional backgrounds and extensive commencing September 2007. Candidates should experience in the developing world. Over three normally have a Masters degree in a relevant terms there are four compulsory courses and a subject. The Centre anticipates being able to series of shorter options. The lecture-based offer two or three research studentships worth c. courses are combined with tutorial and £19,000 pa plus the payment of "home" fees. supervisory support and a series of workshops, Applications to study without a scholarship are focusing on themes such as research welcome. Informal inquiries may be made to the methodology and professional skills. Students are Centre's Graduate Tutor, Dr. Helga Satzinger, assessed primarily through term papers (of 3,000 [email protected]. For further information - 5,000 words) and a dissertation (of 10,000 and application forms, please contact Adam words) At the end of the course, students will Wilkinson, [email protected]. The deadline for have gained: critical skills that enhance their the full application is 31 January 2007. For more employment opportunities in government, details of the work of the Centre, please see business, non-government organisations and www.ucl.ac.uk/histmed. industry; knowledge of the main theories, concepts and debates in development situating them in their historical and contemporary There is a Ph.d seminar on Ethnography and contexts and the ability to critically engage in Technology in relation to Gilles Deleuze's policy analysis; a specialised focus on science, Philosophy (http://www1.itu.dk/sw55657.asp), to society and policy interactions, and particularly be held at the IT University of Copenhagen

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(Rued Langgaards Vej 7, DK-2100 Copehagen There is an expanded and revised Master’s S) on 7-9 May 2007. This PhD seminar will Programme in Science, Technology & Society at investigate particular aspects of Gilles Deluze's Linköping University in Sweden. Starting next philosophy in relation to technolgy, practice and fall, we will be offering a two year degree that materiality. Deleuze's writing often takes as its gives students at the MA level the chance to starting point the work of other philosophers, art learn about the relationships between technology and literature, with the aim of articulating new and society. It is open to students with concepts. Ethnographical studies, on the other undergraduate degrees in the social sciences, hand, try to describe, analyze and understand humanities or technical/natural science fields. All local or global cultural practices, based on of our courses are taught in English and the observation and involvement in specific settings. thesis work is also in English. Details about the Juxtaposing Deleuze and ethnography - not least programme can be found at: of technical and scientific practice - we are http://www.tema.liu.se/tema-t/master. If you specifically interested in exploring how concepts come in contact with students who might be from Deleuze's philosophy can inform interested in studying here, please let them know ethnographic work and knowledge-making about our programme! (Swedish Universities still practices, and how they may help us to engage don’t charge tuition fees.) with (or intervene in) science and technolgy in new ways. This cseminar investigates affinities between ethnographic approaches to the study of For over 20 years, the London Centre for technology and Deleuze's wrintings. It invites History of Science, Medicine and Technology explorations and questions such as (but not has run a successful, highly-praised MSc limited to) the following: What role can programme focusing on history: the MSc in Deleuzian philosphy have in ethnography? How History of Science, Medicine and Technology. In does Deleuze conceive material agency? What is September 2007 we launch a second MSc, practice for Deleuze? How can practice be tapping into our additional strengths in science delineated? What is technolgy in Deleuze's and technology policy, sociology of science, and philosophy? What is the difference between science communication. Thus, potential technology and machines? What is the Deleuzian applicants also might consider the new degeree notion of interventionism? How can the study of program, MSc in Science, Technology, Medicine technolgy become interventionist? The seminar and Society. Information on both degrees is not an introduction to Deleuze, ethnography or is provided on the Centre's Web site: sts. Students are supposed to be familiar with the http://www.londoncentre-hstm.ac.uk/. Queries writings of Deleuze and central themes within about applications should be directed to our ethnography and sts. Students are obliged to give Admissions Tutors: Dr Abigail Woods a short presentation of their work related to one (specialising in the history courses of the or more themes of the seminar. Additionally the Centre) Centre for the History of Science, seminar will consist of lectures and discussions Technology and Medicine Imperial College of central texts related to the themes. 4 ECTS to London South Kensington Campus London be awarded based on participation and SW7 2AZ UK +44 (0)20 7594 1824 | presentation. To apply for the seminar students [email protected]; Dr Brian Balmer must write an e-mail to [email protected] no later than (specialising in the policy and sociology courses March 23, 2007. Please state your name, address of the Centre) Department of Science and and affiliation and submit an abstract of your Technology Studies University presentation (1 page) - see prerequisites College London WC1E 6BT UK +44 (0)20 above. Questions regarding the content of the 7679 3924 | [email protected]. seminar or the abstract can be directed to Søren Mørk (smork AT itu dot dk). The number of participants will be limited to 15. In the event we The Tenth Intensive Short Course in the receive more applications than spots avaliable Biographic-Narrative-Interpretive Method decisions about admission will be made by the (BNIM) takes place on 8 – 14 March 2007 in organizers on the basis of relevance to the London. For over eight years in the UK, and students PhD project and the abstract for more recently in New York, in Auckland (NZ) presentation in relation to the topics of the and Ljubljana (Slovenia), we have been running seminar. BNIM intensive trainings designed for PhD students and postdoctoral researchers in various pure and applied fields. Recently completed

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 35 PhDs and clinical doctorates by researchers using the same way as you. The course, the textbook, BNIM range over topics such as: reintegration of the Short Guide and the email list offer you Guatamalan refugees; identity in informal care; support in using part or all of the BNIM tool-kit. men coping with sexual abuse; psychosomatic Designed for PhD students and professional study of breast cancer; love and intimacy; researchers, the course provides a thorough motivation in occupational therapy; South training in doing BNIM biographic narrative African migrants to NZ; transitions in hearing interviews, together with ‘hands-on experience’ voices’ life stories; nurses’ and health visitors’ of following BNIM interpretation procedures. learning and professional practice; relationship Students develop a sense of how their own experiences in psychosis and hospitalisation. We research projects might use such aspects and know of 18 more PhDs and clinical doctorates in components. The cost is £600 if paid in full by process. Universities include Auckland, February 1st. If paid later, the cost is £700. Birmingham, Dublin, de Montfort, East Anglia, Taught by Prue Chamberlayne and Tom Wengraf Central Lancashire, East London, Essex, Exeter, in North London., the course’s small number of Leicester, Kings College London, Leeds, Oxford, students ensures close coaching and support for Oxford Brookes, Plymouth. BNIM assumes that the intensive work that is needed for you to fully “narrative” expresses both conscious concerns acquire both the understanding of principles and and unconscious cultural, societal and individual the practical capacity for proceeding with the presuppositions and processes. It supports systematic practices involved in BNIM -- both research into the lived experience of individuals for BNIM and for other types of narrative and collectives, facilitating understanding both interviewing and interpretation. You will be the ‘inner’ and the ‘outer’ worlds of ‘historically- expected to have looked at (not read!) chapters 6 evolving persons-in-historically-evolving and 12 of Tom’s textbook, Qualitative research situations’, and particularly the interactivity of interviewing: biographic narrative and semi- inner and outer world dynamics. It especially structured method (2001: Sage Publications), serves researchers who need a tool that supports Preliminary and supplementary material will be understanding spanning sociological and provided. More recent debates and developments psychological dynamics and structures, and these in theory and method are integrated into the treated not statically but as situated historically programme. Before the course starts, you are and biographically. Such research provides an expected to have studied the most recent version innovative base for policy. Theoretical and of the Short Guide to BNIM which will be sent to methodological developments from recent your email address. To get a copy of the ‘Short research practice are raised for discussion. When Guide’, to ask any questions or to book a place, you do the course, you automatically become a contact [email protected]. To reserve a member of the Biographic-narrative-BNIM email place, you need to send us a deposit of £100. To list where news, questions and discussion get an early-bird discount, you need to pay full circulate. Methodology can be lonely without a cost by February 1st. Of the 6 places on the secure base and like-minded people working in course, there are currently 2 still available.

News from the Field

A new peer-reviewed, international, and Published quarterly by Blackwell, Regulation & interdisciplinary journal -- Regulation & Governance will seek to provide a forum for Governance -- edited by David Levi-Faur, John open and critical scholarly dialogue from Braithwaite (Australian National University), and different disciplines, using diverse Cary Coglianese (University of Pennsylvania), methodologies, and from any area of regulation has been announced.The first issue of Reg&Gov and governance. Visit the journal's website, will be published in March 2007. Regulation & submit a paper, and recommend the journal to a Governance aims to serve as a leading platform colleague. For further information about the for the study of regulation and governance by journal, including submission instructions, please political scientists, lawyers, sociologists, visit the website, historians, criminologists, psychologists, http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/rego. anthropologists, economists, and others.

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urban innovation and sociotechnical change, Science Studies, the international peer-reviewed negotiations in design and city planning, the role journal dedicated to publishing articles on the of mediators in the negotiation process, study of science and technology studies, has "heterogeneous engineering" in architecture and issued a call for book reviews. Published since urban planning, political and ethical issues in 1988, Science Studies is read in over 80 architecture, development and dynamics of urban countries around the world. Our journal sociotechnical networks. In the first instance, welcomes submissions of book reviews that fit please send an abstract (up to 500 words) to Dr. into the scope of the journal. You might choose a Albena Yaneva title from our book list ([email protected]). Abstracts (http://www.sciencestudies.fi/books) or make will be reviewed to ensure a varied, yet suggestions of your own. Please consult the integrated selection of papers around the topic of author guidelines at our Web Site the special issue. Authors of accepted abstracts (www.sciencestudies.fi). For further information, will be invited to submit a full paper, which will please contact the editor in charge of the book be subject to a double-blind review process (for reviews: Mikko Rask, E-mail: details please refer to the Author Instructions [email protected]. http://www.sciencestudies.fi/authors). Importan t deadlines: Abstracts submission to guest editors April 1st 2007. Full paper submission June 1st A call for papers has been issued for a special 2007. The special issue is scheduled for issue of Science Studies, the Interdisciplinary publication in May 2008. The University of Journal for Science and Technology Studies Manchester Architectural Research Centre http://www.sciencestudies.fi/. The issue is (UMARC) is developing a research agenda that dedicated to Understanding Architecture, aims at critically understanding the co-evolution Accounting Society, with guest editors Simon of design and development strategies and socio- Guy & Albena Yaneva, University of economic processes shaping cities. This approach Manchester Architectural Research Centre involves: the development and application of an (UMARC). The special issue aims at exploring innovative socio-technical approach to the role STS theory can play in furthering our researching architecture, urban development, understanding of architecture and cities: what technological innovation and urban change; does it mean to produce a socio-technical analysis and integration of previously explanation of buildings, urban networks, design disconnected research fields - architecture and processes, city developments? What kind of urban planning, the property sector and utilities conceptual tools are needed to understand industry, and the stimulation of a collaborative, technological innovation as related to inter-disciplinary methodological approach to architecture or the dynamics of urban change, architectural research. cognition in design or the practices in the studio, cities as socio-technical artefacts or the invisible urban networks that shape big metropolises? There is a postgraduate project, Anthropology While contributions may cover methodological Matters, comprising online journal, online issues related to architecture and STS, we discussions, teaching and research resources and especially welcome papers which will base their international contacts directory. See findings on empirical examples and case studies, http://www.anthropologymatters.com. on fieldwork in architectural offices or studies of urban design and development processes. We encourage contributions on topics such as: design What is ‘Image Science’? The Department for thinking and visualisation, design controversies, Image Science Team at the Danube University distributed cognition in architectural conception, Krems suggests www.donau-uni.ac.at/cis. co-evolution of cit ies and technical networks,

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 37 Opportunities Available

The Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and ([email protected]) Innovation Research (ISI) in Karlsruhe, This job posting in German: Germany is looking for a researcher for its https://fraunhofer.umantis.com/Vacancies/769/D department New and Emerging Technologies escription. starting in February 2007. The person should be a social scientist with academic experience in one of the following areas: Science Technology The Open Society Institute, Budapest, has Studies, Sociology/ Philosophy/ History of announced its Fellowship Program for 2007- Science and Technology. You will be working in 2008. The International Scholars Fellowship the EU-research project "Converging Program invites highly-qualified scholars in Technologies" which may also be the basis for social sciences and humanities from around the your Ph.D. work. You will be applying different world to teach and/or consult at selected concepts and methods of social science university departments in South Eastern Europe, technology studies and will be able to look into parts of the former Soviet Union, and Mongolia. different aspects of the convergence of The program, part of the Academic Fellowship technologies (Nano, Bio, Info, Cogno). For Program (AFP), welcomes applications from example, the following technological areas will faculty, retired faculty, and others holding PhDs be investi-gated in the project with regard to in anthropology, area/cultural studies, gender relevant institutions, approaches, and potential studies, economics, history, political science, applications: Computational Neuro-science, Bio- international relations, psychology, public ICT-Synergies, Artificial Intelligence, Human- administration, philosophy, social work, Machine-Interfaces or Human Enhancement sociology, public health, human rights & public Technologies (further information concerning the law, and journalism/media studies. The program project can be found online at: does not support scholars in philology, the visual www.contecs.fraunhofer.de). You will have the and performing arts, or business. Candidates opportunity to work in an interesting project with apply to teach outside their country of citizenship international contacts to leading research and must: Hold an internationally recognized institutes, profit from a well equipped technical PhD or JD. AFP accepts applications for infrastructure, and enjoy on open and cooperative fellowship placements in Albania, Armenia, work atmosphere. We expect an excellent degree Azerbaijan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, in social sciences and proven experience in Croatia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, methods of technology research. Also, you Kyrgyzstan, Macedonia, Moldova, Mongolia, should be strongly interested in inter-disciplinary Montenegro, Romania, Russia, Serbia, research and should not shy away from natural Tajikistan, and Ukraine. AFP fellows are placed science/ technological subjects. In addition, you in carefully selected university departments that should have interest in quantitative methods of Are amenable to change and demonstrate a empirical research. Employment, salary and realistic and clear vision for future development. social benefits are based on the German tariff A list of current AFP partner departments can be agreement for the public sector (TvÖD). The found on our website. The list is subject to position is full-time for one year and is usually change in the 2007-08 academic year. extended for a period of three years with a 50 The International Scholars Fellowship Program percent part-time contract. During this period offers two arrangements: Nonresident you will work 50 percent on ISI projects and are International Scholars share their expertise with expected to work in parallel on your PhD thesis. hostdepartments on a consulting basis, visiting Please send your application together with all the institution for several short consultations and relevant documents until January 19th 2007 remaining in contact for mentoring and advice using the code ISI - 769 to: Gudrun Krenický, between visits. Nonresident fellows are senior or Fraunhofer Institute System and Innovation well-established academics; recent PhD Research (ISI), Breslauer Str. 48, 76139 recipients are not be considered. Resident Karlsruhe, Germany. Information about the International Scholars live in the host country Institute: www.isi.fraunhofer.de. Contact persons and teach courses for one academic year at for the project: Dr. Bernd Beckert partner universities. Fellows also work on a ([email protected]) and Dr. variety of projects within their host departments, Michael Friedewald and benefit from the diverse academic network

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connecting AFP program countries. The resident The Donald McGannon Communication option is available for placements ONLY in Research Center at Fordham University has Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and announced its Mongolia. Fellowships generally include a Visiting Research Fellows Program, 2007-2008. stipend, transportation, and accommodation. The Donald McGannon Communication Resident fellows also receive health insurance Research Center at Fordham University invites and various other allowances. Application applicants for its new Visiting Research Fellows deadline: March 23, 2007. Fellowships begin in Program. Applicants are invited to apply for August or September 2007 and normally last one either a one semester or two semester academic year, with the possibility of renewal. appointment as a Visiting Research Fellow at the For applications and guidelines, please see our Center. The appointment carries no stipend; web site: however, Fellows enjoy the benefits of a research http://www.soros.org/initiatives/hesp/focus/afp, affiliation with the McGannon Center, including or write to Open Society Institute office space at the Center on Fordham’s Bronx Higher Education Support Program, Academic campus; computer, telephone, and Internet Fellowship Program, October 6 utca 12, H-1051, access; and access to all Fordham University Budapest, Hungary, E-mail: [email protected], library and electronic resources. Fellows also Telephone: (36-1) 235 6160; Fax: (36-1) 411- have access to the McGannon Center’s 4401. administrative support, as well as to the resources of New York City, one of the media capitals of the world. Fellows will have the opportunity to The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of participate in McGannon Center events (such as Medicine at University College London seeks conferences and seminars), with the Center two full-time historians of medicine to covering travel expenses related to such complement the work of current members of participation, as well as the opportunity to staff. Sub-field and rank open, but two strong collaborate on Center research projects. Fellows preferences have been identified: 1) an historian also will have the opportunity to take part in the of the eighteenth century, and 2) an historian activities of the university as a whole, including working on medicine and health in an area other the activities of related enterprises such as the than Europe, China, or India, especially Islamic Fordham Law School’s Information Law and medicine since 1500, medicine in Eastern Europe Policy Research Center and the Fordham and Russia, or medicine in North America from Business School’s Center for Communication. an international perspective. Minimum The Center seeks candidates with research requirements are a PhD in hand, and a track- interests that overlap with the Center’s areas of record of publication in the proposed field of interest in order to maximize collaborative research. Salary according to rank and opportunities during the Fellowship period. accomplishment, in the range from about Information about the Center’s activities can be £35,000 to £55,000. Applications are due by 9 found at www.fordham.edu/mcgannon. The ideal February 2007; they may be submitted candidate will be researching public interest- electronically or by post. It is anticipated that related regulation and policy issues pertaining to interviews will be conducted during the last week new media. The Center also seeks candidates in March. The successful candidates will be with an interest in international policy issues. expected to take up their duties in September. Fellows will be expected to offer one lecture in Please send a letter outlining previous research their area of specialization during the Fellowship and teaching and lines of future research, period and to contribute one research paper to the together with a CV and the details of three Center’s Working Paper series. The Fellowship persons who can be contacted for letters of program is open to university faculty, post-docs, reference, to Harold J. Cook, The Wellcome and ABD graduate students from any disciplinary Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, background. International applicants are 210 Euston Rd., London NW1 2BE, UK; or to particularly welcome. Candidates wishing to [email protected]. For further information, apply for Fellow status for the 2007-2008 please see academic year should submit the following: 1. A http://www.ucl.ac.uk/histmed/news/index.html; letter of application and intent to be in residence queries can also be directed to in the New York City area for the duration of the [email protected]. requested Fellowship period (Fall, 2007, Spring, 2008, or both). 2. A two- to three-page description of current research activities and of

EASST Review Volume 25 (2006) Number4 39 how residency at the McGannon Center could 10458, USA. The application deadline for the assist in the completion of these activities. 3. A 2007-2008 academic year is March 1, 2007. current curriculum vitae. 4. For graduate student Applicants will receive notification by May 1, applicants, names and contact information for 2007. Note: The McGannon Center can only three faculty references. Completed applications accommodate 1-2 Research Fellows per can be submitted electronically to: Visiting academic year. Questions or requests for Fellows Program, Donald McGannon additional information can be directed to Philip Communication Research Center, at M. Napoli, McGannon Center Director, at [email protected] or in hard copy to: Visiting [email protected] or at 718-817-4196. Fellows Program, Donald McGannon Communication Research Center, Fordham University,441 E. Fordham Rd., Bronx, NY

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Contents of this issue

3 Re-viewing the Review? Editorial by Ann Rudinow Sætnan 5 Toward a New Agenda for the Study of Science in the Context of Applications, a Report by Justus Lentsch 13 Publish or perish in 2007? Report of the publication sessions at the EASST conference 2006, by Ragna Zeiss and Niki Vermeulen 16 Recent Dissertation: Morten Sager, Pluripotent Circulations: Putting Actor-Network Theory to Work on Stem Cells in the USA, prior to 2001. 17 News from the Association 18 Conferences and Calls for Papers 34 News about Education 36 News from the Field 38 Opportunities Available

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