Cultural Resource Survey
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Contract Publication Series 12-428 EXHIBIT 17- CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY A CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY OF THE PROPOSED 700-ACRE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLAND AIRPARK SITE W-1 IN RAPIDES PARISH, LOUISIANA by Jay W. Gray, RPA, Benjamin J. Bilgri, Jeremy Pye, and Paul D. Bundy, RPA Prepared for England Economic & Industrial Development District Pan American Engineers– Alexandria, Inc. Prepared by Kentucky West Virginia Ohio Wyoming Illinois Indiana Louisiana Tennessee New Mexico Virginia Colorado Contract Publication Series L12P004 EXHIBIT 17-CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY A CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY OF THE PROPOSED 700 ACRE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLAND AIRPARK SITE W-1 IN RAPIDES PARISH, LOUISIANA By Jay W. Gray, RPA, Benjamin J. Bilgri, Jeremy Pye, and Paul D. Bundy, RPA Prepared for England Economic & Industrial Development District 1611 Arnold Drive Alexandria, Louisiana 71303 and Thomas C. David, Jr. Pan American Engineers–Alexandria, Inc. 1717 Jackson Street P.O. Box 89 Alexandria, Louisiana 71309-0089 Phone: (318) 473-2100 Prepared by Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc. 7330 Fern Avenue Shreveport, Louisiana 71105 Phone: (318) 213-1385 Fax: (318) 213-0289 Email: [email protected] CRA Project No.: L12P004 _________________________ Jay W. Gray Principal Investigator February 5, 2013 Lead Agency: Louisiana Economic Development ABSTRACT Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc., personnel completed a records review and cultural resource survey for a 283.4 ha (700.0 acres) development in Rapides Parish, Louisiana. This study was conducted to meet the requirements of an Industrial Site Certification from Louisiana Economic Development, which requires an archaeological assessment as part of the review process for the certification. The records review for the project was conducted on November 27, 2012. Fieldwork for this project was conducted between November 29 and December 28, 2012. This tract is located to the west of the existing Alexandria International Airport in England Airpark, approximately 11.5 km (7.1 mi) west of Alexandria, Louisiana. The records review consisted of a file search using information provided by the Louisiana Office of Cultural Development Division of Archaeology to identify cultural resources or cultural resource investigations documented in the vicinity of the project area. The records review indicated that one previous archaeological survey overlaps the project area and resulted in the recordation of two archaeological sites that are within the current project area; within a 1 mi radius of the project area two additional archaeological sites have been previously documented and three surveys have been conducted. The field investigation consisted of an intensive pedestrian survey supplemented with screened shovel tests. Shovel tests were in intervals of 30 m and 50 m in areas of high and low site probability, respectively. During the survey, both of the previously recorded sites, 16RA692 and 16RA703 were relocated, and this work resulted in the expansion of the western boundary of the latter. In addition, three newly recorded archaeological sites were located (16RA1504–16RA1506), along with four structures, one isolated find, and additional non-site localities. Re-examination of the previously recorded portions of Sites 16RA692 and 16RA703 indicated the sites have not been significantly disturbed in the intervening years since they were originally recorded, and both appear to retain intact cultural deposits. Site 16RA692 is a nineteenth-century plantation house and twentieth-century house site, and site 16RA703 is a twentieth-century tenant farm quarters area, and both are currently considered eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Based on the results of our investigation, we agree with the findings of the previous research for both sites; they should be avoided during development, or if they cannot be avoided they should receive additional archaeological testing to assess their eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places and mitigation of impacts as necessary. None of the newly recorded sites appear to have the potential to yield any significant archaeological data, and as a result are not recommended for additional archaeological work. The newly recorded sites consist of two historic artifact scatters that lack contextual integrity and one location consisting of silo ruins that are not likely to yield any significant data. Additionally, the four structures and other non-site localities are recommended not eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places, and no additional archaeological work is recommended. i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc., would like to thank Thomas David of Pan American Engineers – Alexandria, Inc., for selecting us to conduct this study. Kyle Randall facilitated coordination with the England Airport Authority during fieldwork, and his efforts are greatly appreciated. The staff at the Louisiana Division of Archaeology provided assistance with the issuance of site numbers and catalog numbers for the sites visited during the project. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................................................. i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ........................................................................................................................................ iii LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................................. v LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................................... vi CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 1 CHAPTER 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING .......................................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER 3. PREVIOUS RESEARCH AND CULTURAL OVERVIEW ................................................................ 11 CHAPTER 4. METHODS ...................................................................................................................................... 37 CHAPTER 5. MATERIALS RECOVERED ............................................................................................................ 39 CHAPTER 6. RESULTS ....................................................................................................................................... 71 CHAPTER 7. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................. 111 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................... 113 APPENDIX A. ARTIFACT INVENTORY ............................................................................................................. A-1 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1. Map showing the location of Rapides Parish in the state of Louisiana. ................................................ 1 Figure 1.2. Topographic map showing the location of the project area. .................................................................. 3 Figure 1.3. Project location depicted on the aerial map showing zones of high and low probability for containing historic and prehistoric resources. .................................................................................................................. 4 Figure 2.1. Project area overview, view south ........................................................................................................ 8 Figure 3.1. Topographic map showing the location of previously recorded sites. ................................................. 13 Figure 3.2. Project location depicted on the 1941 Boyce, Louisiana 15’ Topographic Quadrangle map. ............. 17 Figure 3.3. Project location depicted on the 1949 Boyce southeast, Louisiana, 7.5’ Topographic Quadrangle map. ............................................................................................................................................................. 19 Figure 3.4. Project location depicted on the 1956 Boyce southeast, Louisiana, 7.5’ Topographic Quadrangle map. ............................................................................................................................................................. 20 Figure 3.5. Project location depicted on the 1972 Rapides, Louisiana, 7.5’ Topographic Quadrangle map. ........ 21 Figure 4.1. Project area aerial photo showing the location of high and low probability transect areas and no-test areas. ........................................................................................................................................................... 38 Figure 5.1. Selected Artifacts from the Container Glass, Lighting and Fittings Classes.. ..................................... 40 Figure 5.2. Selected Artifacts from the Button, Cooking, Utensil, Hardware, and Ceramic Classes. ................... 41 Figure 6.1. Depiction of project area with archaeological site boundaries on 1972 (Revised 1992) Rapides, Louisiana, USGS 7.5' Quadrangle Map.. ..................................................................................................... 72 Figure 6.2. Depiction of project area with archaeological site boundaries on 1941 Boyce, Louisiana, USGS