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Handbook on Judicial Cooperation in Criminal Matters. Comparative JUST/2013/JPEN/AG/4475 Improving the European Judicial Cooperation Handbook on judicial cooperation in criminal matters. Comparative approach of the judicial instruments used by Germany, Romania, Spain and Sweden JUST/2013/JPEN/AG/4475 Improving the European Judicial Cooperation Handbook on judicial cooperation in criminal matters. Comparative approach of the judicial instruments used by Germany, Romania, Spain and Sweden 2016 Handbook on judicial cooperation in criminal matters. Comparative approach of the judicial instruments used by Germany, Romania, Spain and Sweden This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. This handbook was produced as result of the project JUST/2013/JPEN/AG/4475 “Improving the European judicial cooperation”, by Mrs. Mariana RADU, Romanian desk at Eurojust and national correspondent to the European Judicial Network, contracted expert for the project. Project team: Daniela-Eugenia BĂDICA, project leader Lavinia ŢĂRANU Alin-Petre ŢORŢOLEA Cristina PETRE Alexandra CIORNEI This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms .................................................................... 4 Preliminary remarks .................................................................................. 7 Executive Summary .................................................................................... 8 i. Purpose of the Handbook ......................................................... 8 ii. Methodology ............................................................................ 9 iii. Contents ................................................................................. 10 Chapter 1 - General information and specific features of the criminal justice system............................................................................................. 16 1. General information ............................................................... 16 2. Features of the national legal and judicial system ................. 17 2.1. Federal Republic of Germany ......................................................... 17 2.2. Romania .......................................................................................... 20 2.3. Kingdom of Spain ........................................................................... 24 2.4. Kingdom of Sweden ....................................................................... 27 Chapter 2 Assistance and Cooperation in Criminal Matters ............... 31 Module 1 Investigative assistance ........................................................... 31 1. Assistance in identification and tracing of property .............. 32 1.1. Exchange of information under the Swedish Initiative .................. 33 1.2. Exchange of information between Asset Recovery Offices ........... 40 1.3. Exchange of information between FIUs ......................................... 43 1.4. Assistance based on Council of Europe treaties: ETS 030, ETS 141, ETS 198 .......................................................................................... 47 2. Assistance relating to bank accounts ..................................... 56 2.1. Information on bank accounts ........................................................ 57 1 2.2. Information on banking transactions (tracing movements of the money) ............................................................................................ 59 2.3. Monitoring banking transactions .................................................... 61 2.4. Postponement of suspicious transactions ........................................ 62 Module 2 Special forms of assistance ...................................................... 62 1. Cross-border surveillance ...................................................... 64 2. Controlled deliveries .............................................................. 66 3. Cross border hot pursuit ........................................................ 67 4. Joint investigations teams ..................................................... 68 5. Interception of telecommunication ........................................ 70 6. Covert investigations ............................................................. 73 Module 3 Freezing of property and evidence ......................................... 75 1. Article 36 and 38 of the SIS II Decision................................ 76 2. FD 2003/577/JHA of 22 July 2003 ........................................ 77 Module 4 Confiscation in the framework of FD 2006/783/JHA of 6 October 2006 ............................................................................................. 91 1. Federal Republic of Germany ......................................................... 91 2. Romania .......................................................................................... 94 3. Kingdom of Spain ........................................................................... 99 4. Kingdom of Sweden ..................................................................... 103 2 Module 5 Supervision measures based on Council Framework Decision 2009/829/JHA of 23 October 2009 ......................................................... 105 1. Federal Republic of Germany .............................................. 105 2. Romania ............................................................................... 106 3. Kingdom of Spain ................................................................ 110 4. Kingdom of Sweden ............................................................ 114 Module 6 Arrest and Surrender based on Council Framework Decision 2002/584/JHA of 13 June 2002............................................................... 116 1. Federal Republic of Germany .............................................. 116 2. Romania ............................................................................... 123 3. Kingdom of Spain ................................................................ 127 4. Kingdom of Sweden ............................................................ 132 Module 7 Cooperation in context of plurality of proceedings ........... 136 1. Exercise of National Jurisdiction in Criminal Proceedings . 136 1.1. Federal Republic of Germany ....................................................... 137 1.2. Romania ........................................................................................ 140 1.3. Kingdom of Spain ......................................................................... 143 1.4. Kingdom of Sweden ..................................................................... 146 2. Spontaneous exchange of information ................................. 148 3. Transfer of criminal proceedings ......................................... 150 4. Cooperation in the framework of Eurojust .......................... 152 3 Abbreviations and Acronyms Asset Recovery Office ARO Bundeskrimninalamnt (Federal Office of BKA Criminal Investigation) Central Authority CA Camden Asset Recovery Inter-Agency Network CARIN European Convention on Mutual Assistance in CETS 030 Criminal Matters Additional Protocol to the European Convention CETS 099 on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters European Convention on the Transfer of CETS 073 Proceedings in Criminal Matters Convention on Laundering, Search, Seizure and CETS 141 Confiscation of the Proceeds from Crime Second Additional Protocol to the European CETS 182 Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters Criminal Law Convention on Corruption CETS 173 Convention on Cybercrime CETS 185 Council of Europe Convention on Laundering, CETS 198 Search, Seizure and Confiscation of the Proceeds from Crime and on the Financing of Terrorism Convention of 29 May 2000 on Mutual EU Convention Assistance in Criminal Matters between the Member States of the EU Protocol established by the Council in accordance with Article 34 of the Treaty on EU to the Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters between the Member States of the EU European Committee on Crime Problems CDPC Convention implementing the Schengen CISA Agreement of 14 June 1985 between the 4 Governments of the States of the Benelux Economic Union, the Federal Republic of Germany and the French Republic on the gradual abolition of checks at their common borders Council of Europe CoE International Judicial Cooperation Office COOP Office Directia de Investigare a Infractiunilor de DIICOT Criminalitate Organizata si Terorism (Directorate for the Investigation of Organised Crime and Terrorism) Directia Nationala Anticoruptie DNA (National Anti-Corruption Directorate) European Judicial Network EJN European Investigation Order EIO Member State’s Liaison Officer at Europol ELO Eurojust National Coordination System ENCS Europol National Unit ENU European Union EU European Union’s Judicial Cooperation Unit Eurojust European Police Office Europol European Agency for the Management of FRONTEX Operational Cooperation at the External Borders of the MS of the EU Law enforcement authorities LEAs Joint Investigation Teams JIT Landeskriminalamt LKA Regional Investigation Bureau Liaison Magistrate LM Liaison Officer LO Mutual Legal Assistance MLA Mutual Recognition MR EU Member State
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