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001-004 JUECES 80.Indd INFORMACIÓN Y DEBATE R. Sáez Valcárcel, Justicia universal en España. T. Vicen- te y C. Berzosa, El triunfo de las finanzas capitalistas y el deterioro de los derechos. E. Calvo Rojas, La denominada ‘doctrina jurisprudencial vinculante’. Comisión de Derecho Privado de JpD, La protección de los clientes de banca y las últimas reformas legislativas. A. del Moral García, Justicia penal y corrupción. N. Maurandi Guillén, El control de la discrecionalidad técnica. Grupo de trabajo de JpD, Sobre el anteproyecto Gallardón de LOPJ. F. J. Pereda Gámez, Los tribunales de instancia. G. Alcoba Gutiérrez, Jueces en expectativa de destino. F. Zubiri de Salinas, Acceso a los recursos y tutela judicial. Jaume González Calvet, Las medidas cautelares en el proceso de ejecución social. P. Gi- lligan, La Red Europea de Consejos de Justicia. 80 julio / 2014 INFORMACIÓN Y DEBATE nº 80 julio 2014 En este número: Alcoba Gutiérrez, Gonzalo, juez en expectativa de destino, Juzgado de Pri- mera Instancia e Instrucción n.º 5 de El Ejido (Almería). Berzosa Alonso Martínez, Carlos, catedrático de Economía, Universidad Complutense (Madrid), presidente de la Sociedad de Economía Mundial y presidente de la Comisión Española de Ayuda al Refugiado (CEAR). Calvo Rojas, Eduardo, magistrado, Sala Tercera, Tribunal Supremo. Del Moral García, Antonio, magistrado, Sala Segunda, Tribunal Supremo. Gilligan, Paul, presidente de la Red Europea de Consejos de Justicia; magis- trado del Tribunal Superior de Justicia (Irlanda) González Calvet, Jaume, magistrado, Juzgado de lo Social n.º 30, Barcelona. Maurandi Guillén, Nicolás, magistrado, Sala Tercera, Tribunal Supremo. Pereda Gámez, Fco. Javier, magistrado, Audiencia Provincial, Barcelona. Sáez Vácárcel, Ramón, magistrado, Sala de lo Penal, Audiencia Nacional. Vicente Giménez, Teresa, profesora titular de Filosofía del Derecho, Universi- dad de Murcia, y abogada. Zubiri de Salinas, Fernando, presidente Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Aragón. Jueces para la Democracia. Información y Debate Publicación cuatrimestral de Jueces para la Democracia Consejo de Redacción: Perfecto ANDRÉS IBÁÑEZ (director), Jesús FERNÁNDEZ ENTRALGO, José Miguel GARCÍA MORENO, Javier HERNÁNDEZ GARCÍA, Alberto JORGE BARREIRO, Begoña LÓ- PEZ ANGUITA, Ramón SÁEZ VALCÁRCEL. Secretario de redacción: José Rivas Esteban. Correspondencia: Jueces para la Democracia, calle Núñez de Morgado, 3, 4.º B. 28036 Madrid. E-mail: [email protected] http://www.juecesdemocracia.es Suscripciones: Maxipack S.L., Avda. del Sistema Solar n.º 3 A. Parque Tecnológico 28830 San Fernando de Henares. Madrid Tel. 91 677 53 60 Fax 91 674 93 00 E mail: [email protected] Precio de este número: 10 € (IVA incluido) Suscripción anual (nacional): 24 € (3 números) Europa: 34 € Resto: 40 € Depósito legal: M. 15.960-1987. ISSN: 1133-0627. Impresión: Estudios Gráficos Europeos, S.A. ÍNDICE Pág.. Debate — Justicia universal en España: el olvido del crimen de estado, Ramón Sáez Valcárcel ..... 5 — El triunfo de las finanzas capitalistas y el deterioro de los derechos sociales y de los derechos ecológicos, Teresa Vicente Giménez y Carlos Berzosa Alonso Martínez ........ 18 — La denominada “doctrina jurisprudencial vinculante” en el Anteproyecto de Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial, Eduardo Calvo Rojas ...................................................................................... 38 — La protección de los clientes de banca y las últimas reformas legislativas, Comisión de Derecho Privado de Jueces para la Democracia .................................................................. 49 Estudios — Justicia penal y corrupción: respuestas, carencias, resultados, posibilidades, Antonio del Moral García .................................................................................................................................................................................. 51 — El control de la discrecionalidad técnica y la libre designación en la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Supremo (y II), Nicolás Maurandi Guillén ............................................................................................ 64 Cuestiones de ordenamiento judicial — Sobre el Anteproyecto Gallardón de Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial, Grupo de trabajo de Jueces para la Democracia ..................................................................................................... 121 — Los tribunales de instancia: más luces que sombras, Fco. Javier Pereda Gámez ... 121 — Jueces en expectativa de destino: ¿Jueces movibles?, Gonzalo Alcoba Gutierrez ... 121 Teoría/práctica de la jurisdicción — Acceso a los recursos y tutela judicial efectiva, Fernando Zubiri de Salinas .................... 107 — Las medidas cautelares en el proceso de ejecución social, Jaume González Calvet .................................................................................................................................................................................. 107 Internacional - La Red Europea de Consejos de Justicia, Paul Gilligan ................................................................................................. xxx Apuntes — La justicia está que arde ................................................................................................................................................................................ 151 — Legislador bipolar .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 151 — Para septiembre ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 152 — El caminar (hacia atrás) de los derechos ................................................................................................................................ 153 — Es solo la falta de costumbre ................................................................................................................................................................. 154 — Pensamiento nacional ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 154 Extractos/abstracts .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 155 AF A4 Santander Justicia.ai 1 14/05/14 16:06 ¿AÚN NO CONOCE SANTANDER JUSTICIA? Un servicio exclusivo del Banco Santander para profesionales del mundo de la Justicia. C M Descubra todas las ventajas. Y CM MY CY CMY K Infórmese de las condiciones completas en su oficina Santander, en el 902 100 277 o en www.bancosantander.es 4 DEBATE JUSTICIA UNIVERSAL EN ESPAÑA: EL OLVIDO DEL CRIMEN DE ESTADO Ramón SÁEZ VALCÁRCEL 1. Durante un tiempo hemos asistido a un espectáculo inédito y de difícil inteligen- cia: víctimas de crímenes contra la humanidad que iban o venían por espacios globales buscando un juez presto para la escucha. Todo un bien escaso en el “mundo civilizado”. Asociaciones de derechos civiles, incluso de los Estados hegemónicos, que acudían a Madrid para denunciar las masacres de las dictaduras de Sudamérica, las torturas de Guantánamo o las entregas clandestinas de detenidos no sometidos a régimen jurídico, los bombardeos y asesinatos selectivos de dirigentes palestinos en Gaza y Cisjordania, los crímenes de la guerra sucia en Guatemala, los genocidios de Ruanda o el Tíbet. Y en sentido inverso, las víctimas de la represión franquista se desplazaban a Argentina, cuya justicia había admitido una querella por la persecución, desaparición y muerte de ene- migos políticos entre 1936 y 1977. La detención de Pinochet en Londres en el año 1998 supuso un cambio de paradigma. Las víctimas podían hacer justiciable a sus propios Estados y gobernantes por crímenes de estado o delitos internacionales. Un fenómeno que está necesitado de explicación, para otorgar sentido a ese errático comportamiento de las víctimas y de los colectivos de defensa de los derechos huma- nos. Turismo de los derechos, lo ha denominado, con la sagacidad que le caracteriza, Stefano Rodotà (La vida y las reglas. Entre el derecho y el no derecho, Trorra, Madrid, 2010); se habría levantado una suerte de mercado global de los derechos al que se ac- cede para recuperar los derechos negados por el Estado. Las víctimas buscan así una jurisdicción dispuesta a actuar, tratan de obtener la tutela de sus derechos e intereses, de hacer efectiva la garantía jurisdiccional que promete el estado constitucional, preci- samente, frente a los crímenes de estado, de identificar una autoridad independiente que ampare su derecho a la justicia, a la verdad y a la reparación. De esa manera, la institución que soporta este turismo global de los derechos, la justicia universal, el prin- cipio de extensión de la jurisdicción de los Estados para la persecución de los crímenes más graves, en nombre de la Comunidad internacional y al margen de cualquier consi- deración sobre el lugar de comisión o la nacionalidad del perpetrador y de las víctimas, se convierte en un magnífico medio de expresión de la universalidad de los derechos humanos, que obligan a todos, también, y en primer lugar, a los Estados. Se ha dicho con razón que la emergencia de las víctimas supone un cambio de época. Y en
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