Sudan – 135 Sudan

2006 At a Glance Population (mn) 36.99 Population Growth (annual %) 2.1 Official Language Arabic

Lac� D E S E R T � Nasser JABAL Bª SUNBUL Jabal Mishbih� Jabal Bº Ban=� SOUDAN 1351 m 1104 m EGYPTE Jabal Adar Gwagwa� 1606 m Ra's al-¡ad$ribah Jabal Arkanº� 1435 m Jabal Is� Jabal Asoteriba� W$d= ¡alf$' 1851 m 2216 m PENINSULE� Currency Sudanese Dinar (SDD) Jabal Bartazuga� 610 m Jabal Kissº� ARABIQUE LIBYE 1712 m Ra's� abº Shajarah Asie

il N Jabal Erba� Mukawwar Burj at-Tuyºr� 2217 m 430 m D E S E R T � D E L I B Y E Jabal Oda� 2259 m D E N U B I E Jabal Kaiai� 1736 m GDP (Current US$ bn) 38.9 Bºr Sºd$n M E R � 1573 m Dunqulah ROUGE

Ra's Kasr D E N il P R ES S U R D Jabal Hamoyet� IO N D U M O A—barah 2780 m Ad-D$mir Fangaga� GDP Growth (annual %) 12.1 2589 m Nakfa I Hadjer Mornou� le E Enghershatu� s 1310 m N il 2575 m D N a N h E ' l D I A ERYTHREE a —b c a r a h Jabal al-Humara� ' 794 m Al-Khar—ºm Ba!r= C Keren an Ile Erua D al de A Umm Durm$n A Akordat M its L iw a R - Kassal$ Asmera� Mitsiwa Z B F Al-Khar—ºm� N Asmara GDP Per Capita (US$) A A i Barentu 1,051 l U G Jabal Kuluha� L B l

Khartoum - e – Mendefera O J A 936 m u O A * Adi Keyih U Jabal an-Nuhºd� Z A + N U 969 m R P L A T E A U � A A H H Hadjer Niéré� R 116 m Biltine1320 m D E T E I G A Wad Madan=� Jabal Katul� 'A D E S E R T � N � —b 1028 m Al- Qaø$rif a Ad-Duwaym i DANAKIL l r a T Jabal Mun� Jabal Koli� B h e la ' k 1309 m n e 1321 m c z Jabal Gurgei� e 2396 m Jabal Umm � Jabal Muqsam� Sann$r Mekele N Marahik� 931 m a N h a Ras Dashen Terara� Abéché 789 m r h Al-F$shir a r 4620 m Al-Junaynah Rabak� d a Kºst= - r FDI, net inflows (US$ mn) (2005) D ind - A 2,305 a Ra t Al-Ubayyiø � Sinjah� r n ba N ad ra N il � B Jabal Marrah� l A e 3088 m An-Nuhºd u Hadjer Kamaran� F Jabal ad-Dayr� 1040 m O 1412 m P L A T E A U � Jib$l Mandal� Lac� Jabal Kodo� D Abune Yosef� 1441 m 1023 m 4190 m Nyala Jabal Qulºd� Ad-Damazin� Tana BahrA zo um R 1095 m � Guna� O Bahir Dar� 4231 m El Foûlah Jabal Delami Mayal� Jabal Tungsunga� 1257 m � K N il 1045 m C Bleu Jabal Hayb$n� H

TCHAD 1325 m O External Debt (US$ mn) K 28,800 Talo� K$duqli�MONTS� E Amba Farit� c 4413 m NUBA n 3975 m la � B Am Timan� il N l-'A rab Jem a � u a!ra u lo B ilBle SOUDANu N O r ah B Birao Asosa

Tinga� ETHIOPIEN O u ja D Gorochan� a nd 1282 m i $l d 3276 m Adis Abeba� z Malak$l� e ha s -G a Chalchis Terara� Mont Toussoro� al Addis Abeba lé !r � 3112 m ka 1330 m Ba Bentiu A ou Tulu Welel� So 3301 m Badda� External Debt/GDP (%) oro ba 74.1 B t O Rogghie� O G Jabal Manda� m 3550 m N 1227 m o Gurage� Gugu� B O Uwayl o ES r D a 3719 m 3623 m IF Gambela B S o Lac� Ndélé S tt o N A K Ziway M i W$r$b l ETHIOPIE B

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a G o u n A j le o Jabal Bolanda� c e Shebe yom W$w k b Lac� g K º n 1039 m b Mai Gudo� o º G ilo Shala B 3100 m r u MENDEBO J Lac� REPUBLIQUE� Awasa Awasa Batu� ou CPI Inflation (annual %) Koukour Rumbek 4307 m 7.0 CENTRAFRICAINE G i b r A ko o e a K Lac� n Bria b a Guge� a Bor n le M a Abaya r ge 4200 m

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u o i ou Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) K om Yambio 23.7 b M Mts� PLAINE� REPUBLIQUE� DIDINGA Mobaye LOTIKIPI Kinyeti� Songot� Pelekech� Lac� 3187 m 1755 m DEMOCRATIQUE� 1794 m U ele Moyo Turkana Bagage� D U C O N G O Huri� 1189 m Gross Official reserves (in bn US$) 2.45 Kitgum KENYA 1252 m GEOATLAS - Copyright1998 Graphi-Ogre

0 km 100 200 300 400 km Gross Official reserves (in months of imports) 3.9 UNDP HDI Ranking 141 Source: AfDB, IMF, UNCTAD, UNDP, UN Population Division

1. overview of Financial System

The majority of financial institutions of Sudan, including face of sanctions by the USA, avoid providing financial the Bank of Sudan, the central bank, adheres to services to companies that accept contracts for work Islamic banking principles. The central bank employs in the Sudan. Sudan also has a number of non-bank Islamic banking instruments to conduct its monetary financial institutions, mainly insurance firms. policy operations. Amongst a total of 30 banks, 16 are wholly - or Capital Markets majority-owned by private shareholders and 7 are The Khartoum Stock Exchange is the only exchange state-owned commercial banks. The sector also in the country. Most trading activity is in shares of includes 4 specialized state-owned banks, which banks. The Sudanese stock market is very small, with provide funds to specific sectors of the economy, and a market capitalization of only USD 3.4 mn. The entire 2 investment banks. financial sector is supervised and regulated by the Bank of Sudan. Bank and Non-Bank Financial Sector A number of measures have been introduced to 2. Fixed Income Markets strengthen the banking sector, notably the tightening Government Securities of capital-adequacy ratios and the establishment of With the advent of islamization of the banking sector new paid-in capital minimum requirements, in an effort in Sudan, Government Musharaka Certificates and to improve availability of finance to local and foreign Central Bank Musharaka Certificates have since (mainly European) companies. European banks, in the dominated the Sudanese financial sector. The market 136 – Sudan

for Islamic instruments and government securities, 4. Key Contacts however, remains shallow and an organized • Bank of Sudan, international Islamic financial market is not yet fully Gamaa Avenue, P. O. Box 313, fledged. Khartoum, Sudan Tel: + 249-18-7056000 3. Foreign Exchange Fax: +249-18-3787223 In May 2003, the Bank of Sudan formally adopted E-mail: [email protected] a managed-floating exchange rate regime. The Web: www.bankofsudan.org formal exchange rate band for the Sudanese Dinar • Khartoum Stock Exchange (SDD) was abandoned and an auction system was Mailing Address: P.O. Box replaced with direct transactions in the inter-bank 10835, Khartoum, Sudan market. The central bank established an internal Other Address: Albaraka Tower, limit of +2% in intra-day trading in the average daily 5th Floor, Khartoum, Sudan market rate. In 2004, the Bank of Sudan changed the Tel: +49-18-782450/782390 permissible intra-day exchange rate fluctuation from Fax: +249-18-782225 +2 percentage points to +3 % points. The SDD was Web: www.khartoumstock.com stable around SDD 260 / 1 USD until September 2004. However, it has since appreciated to close at SDD 201.33 / 1 USD by end-2006.

SDD Per Unit of USD (Year End)

300 250 200 150 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Source: Bloomberg

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