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01/10/2020 Review Question 1.Draw a line down the middle of a sheet of paper. On the left side of the line at the top, write “Sheep,” and on the right side at the top, write “Goats.” Compare and contrast the differences between the two species. Consider external parts and uses. 2. Label the diagram correctly. REFERENCES R. Ramharacksingh, 2011. Agricultural science for C.S.E.C examination macmillan publishers s. Ragoonanan,2011. Agriculture for C.S.E.C revision course. Caribbean educational publishers. Internet Http://www.Fao.Org/3/t0690e/t0690e05.Htm Video link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OXuZDb1qJxk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hAc_Deo9NY MINISTRY OF EDUCATION SECONDARY ENGAGEMENT PROGRAMME NOVEMBER 2020 WEEK 8 LESSON # 1 GRADE :11 SUBJECT : AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE TOPIC : SHEEP AND GOAT PRODUCTION SUB TOPIC : BREEDS AND TYPES OF SHEEP AND GOAT. Objectives To identify the types of sheep and goats reared. To identify the breeds of sheep and goats reared. 66 01/10/2020 Purpose (Type) The most useful way to categorize sheep breeds is according to their primary purpose: meat, wool, or dairy. While most sheep breeds are dual-purpose (i.e. they produce both meat and wool) and some are even triple-purpose (dairy, meat, and wool), most sheep breeds excel in either the production of meat, wool, or dairy -- seldom two or all three. Breed Categories Oftentimes, it is more useful to look at breed "types" rather than individual sheep breeds. Breed types tend to share common characteristics and can usually be substituted for one another in a breeding program. There are several ways in which sheep breeds can be categorized, including purpose, use, face color, fiber type, and various physical or performance attributes. Classification of sheep breeds by their primary purpose (type) Wool Meat Dual or Multi- purpose Fine wool Hair American Cormo American Blackbelly Wool Booroola Merino Barbados Blackbelly Delaine-Merino Debouillet Dorper, Wiltshire Horn Columbia,Corriedale Rambouillet Katahdin, Romanov Finnsheep,Icelandic,Polypay Panama Royal White SAMM, Targhee St. Augustine Long wool Wooled Bluefaced Leicester Dairy Border Leicester Border Cheviot, California Red Coopworth, Cotswold Charollais, Dorset, Hampshire Awassi Leicester Longwool Ile de France, Montadale East Friesian Lincoln, Perendale North Country Cheviot, Oxford Lacaune Romney Rideau Arcott, Shropshire Scottish Blaceface Southdown, Suffolk, Texel,Tunis Teesdale, Wensleydale 67 01/10/2020 Classification of sheep by their primary purpose (type) Sheep is a very familiar domestic animal. Dry weather and cold area is very suitable for sheep farming. The main characteristics of sheep is that their body is fully covered with fur. Their skin and fur is very valuable. Sheep are not highly milk productive like goat. There are about 200 sheep breeds around the world. Sheep breeds are of three types according to their production which are described below. Meat Productive Sheep Breeds: Dorset, Suffolk, Cheviot etc. are highly meat productive sheep breeds. Hair Productive Sheep Breeds: Merino, Rambouillet etc. are hair productive sheep breeds. Hair & Meat Productive Sheep Breeds: Cordially, Montadale, Kooka etc are famous for both hair and meat production. Breeds Barbados Blackbelly • Prolific (1.50 - 2.30 lambs/lambing), good meat type • average weight: ewes-40-60 kg and rams 60-90 kg • height at withers of adults is 60 -65 cm • both rams and ewes are polled; ewes have a well developed mammary system • breeds at any time of year and twice per year lambing is common, along with a high percentage of multiple births • annual lambing rate is above 150% • found throughout the Caribbean and as far north as Oregon and Michigan in the USA. Angora Originated in Turkey. Well adapted to areas not fit for others. Almost totally white at maturity. Produce 7 lbs. mohair. Horned. Long droopy ears. Buck weigh 125 – 175 lbs. Does weigh 80 – 90 lbs. 68 01/10/2020 Persian Blackhead • Commonly known as 'Blackhead Persian' • head, neck and feet are black, while the rest of the body is white • low twinning rate (1.08 lambs/lambing) • meat breed but poorer mutton type • average weight: ewes -35-40 kg; average height at withers of adults is 55-60 cm • fat rumped , long legged and polled in both sexes • breeds at any time of year but lacks prolificacy, unlike the Barbados Blackbelly found in Tobago, Antigua, the British Virgin Islands, Guyana and Venezuela Suffolk Most popular sheep breed. Medium wool breed. Originated in England. Large bodied. Head, legs, ears are black. Polled. 8 – 10 lbs. fleece. 150% lamb crop. Virgin Island White • Relatively new breed • predominantly white in colour polled • average weight: ewes 32-43 kg and rams 50-60 kg • more prolific (1.45 to 1.90 lambs/lambing) than other hair sheep breeds except the Barbados Blackbelly. Dorset Originated in England. Medium-wool breed. Polled or horned. Completely white. Medium sized body. 7 – 8 lbs. fleece. Ewes breed out of season for fall lambs. Muscular carcasses. Good milk producers. 69 01/10/2020 West African • Originated from West Africa • long-legged and dwarf types • low twinning rate (1.15 - 1.50 lambs/lambing) • average weight: ewes 25 kg; and rams 37 kg • reddish brown or rust in colour with the under parts, inner sides of the legs, ears and face of a lighter colour • average height at withers for long legged and dwarf is 55-65 cm and 45-50 cm respectively. Oxford Originated in England. Medium-wool breed. Very large breed. Polled. Face, ears, & legs gray to brown. 10 – 12 lbs. fleece. Lambs grow quickly. Used in crossbreeding. Toggenberg It is originated in the Toggenberg valley in north Switzerland. Skin is very soft and pliable. Usually both male and female are hornless. The adult doe weights 65 kg or more and the bucks more than 80 kg. Average milk production is 5.5 kg per day. The butter fat content of milk 3-4 percent. The male usually has longer hair than females. Sannen Native of Sannen valley of Switzerland noted for its consistency and high production. Color is white or light cream. The face may be slightly dished and the ears point upward and forward. Both sexes are normally polled but sometimes horns do appear. Does weight 65 kg and the bucks 95 kg. Average milk yield is 2 - 5 kg per day during a lactation period of 8 -10 months. Milk fat 3 - 5%. 70 01/10/2020 Alpine This breed was originated in Alps mountains. It was derived from French, Swiss and Rock Alpine breeds. No distinct color has been established. Excellent milkers and they have horns. Average milk yield is 2 - 3 kg with buffer fat of 3 -4%. Dwarf Miniature goat of West African origin. Its conformation is similar to that of the larger dairy goat breeds. The parts of the body are in balanced proportion. The nose is straight. The ears are upright. The coat is soft, with short to medium hair. Anglo Nubian It is a big animal with a fine skin and glossy coat, -pendulous ears and Roman nose. Anglo Nubian is known as the Jersey cow of the goat world. Udder is large and pendulous with bigger teats. There is no fixed color. Bucks weight 65 - 80 kg and does from 50 -60 kg. Average milk yield in 3 - 4 kg/day. Peak yield may even go up to 6.5 kg or more. Angora Originated in Turkey or Asia minor. It produces a superior quality fibre called mohair. The soft silky hairs cover the white body. If not shorn during spring the fleece drops off naturally as summer approaches. Average fleece yield is 1.2 kg. Good animals yields even up to 6 kg. The Angora is small in size with shorter legs. Horns are grey, spirally twisted and inclined backward and outward. Tail is short and erect. 71 01/10/2020 Boer An economical meat animal. Originally bred in South Africa Boers are now one of the principal meat goat breeds in the U.S. Spanish When the Spanish came to the Americas in the 16th century, they brought goats with them. However, even though many goats in the U.S. have Spanish lineage, there are few purebred Spanish goats. These meat goats are excellent foragers, and will climb a tree for the last leaf if they have to. They're good mothers, easy birthers, hardy, and resistant to many parasites. Review Questions 1. Differentiate between type and breed 2. List two breeds of sheep and two breeds of goat that are reared in Guyana. 3. Describe the peculiar characteristics of the Anglo Nubian goat. 4. Differentiate between the characteristics of a meat type and dairy type goat. 5.Explain why the Barbados Black belly sheep thrive well in Guyana's condition. References R. Ramharacksingh, 2011. Agricultural science for C.S.E.C examination macmillan publishers s. Ragoonanan,2011. Agriculture for C.S.E.C revision course. Caribbean educational publishers. Internet http://www.sheep101.info/201/breedselection.htm http://agritech.tnau.ac.in/animal_husbandry/ani_goat_breeds%20of%20goat.html Video Link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41683k0Smro https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swruMxgZ47I https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wxYVEO72K2s 72.