Agriculture and Land Use in Field

Aleksandra Jurišić & Milan Mesić University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture Department of General Agronomy

Lonjsko Polje Nature Park

 Lonja Field is the largest protected wetland in and in the entire basin  It covers an area of 505.6 km2  According to the criteria of the Birds Directive of the European Union, the park is an important habitat for birds (Important Birds Area - IBA)

Water – the ruler of  The basic characteristics are the floods brought about by the increased inputs of the left tributaries of the – the Lonja, the , Veliki Strug, Mali Strug and the

 Powerful waves of water from the Alps and the Dinaridi Mountains raise the water level of Sava by up to ten metres.

 In Lonjsko Polje, these water masses overflow into the forests, pastures and meadows and for this reason the cities of Zagreb and and all the populated areas downstream as far as the confluence with the Danube are saved from inundation.

 The hydrological and geo-morphological conditions cause great habitat diversity and thus at the same time very great biodiversity  over 550 plant species  around 250 bird species  the animal world is also extremely diverse and interesting

DANUBEPARKS - network of protected areas along the Danube River that constitute unique natural areas of ecological, scientific and cultural importance on an international scale Land-use: Agriculture Study of crop production in the Central Sava Basin

Goal: To determine the impact of retention on agricultural crop production

Hipogley – Lonja field Survey of land use inside and outside of the retentions

Representation of some important crop groups

Climate

Average 1965.-1990. 2007. 2008. 2010. Sum, mm 865 749 659 1284 T, ºC 10,7 12,6 12,5 11,5 Project name: Soil Fertilization Acceptable for Environment

Scientific project funded by Ministry of Science, Education and Sports Duration: since 1996 Lead by Prof. dr. sc. Milan Mesic Location and experimental design Soil samples

- + Parameters: pH, EC, P2O5, K2O, OM, TN, TC, TS, NO3 , NH4

Patent pending: PCT/HR2011/000021 Rotary Soil Sampling Assembly Water samples

- - - Parameters: pH, EC, F , Cl , NO2 , - - 2- 3- + + + NO3 , Br , SO4 , PO4 , Li , Na , K , + 2+ 2+ NH4 , Ca , Mg Plant samples • Maize Parameters: yield, TN, TC, TS • Winter wheat • Soybean • Oilseed rape Soil – spatial variability - horizontal Correlation Soil parameter pH Ukupni N (mg kg-1) - 0,574 *** - -1 N-NO3 (mg kg ) 0,056 NS + -1 N-NH4 (mg kg ) - 0,540 *** Soil – spatial variability - vertical

mg N-NO3- / kg mg N-NH4+ / kg 0,0 10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 50,0 60,0 70,0 80,0 90,0 0,0 3,0 6,0 9,0 12,0 15,0 18,0 21,0 24,0 0 0

25 25

50 50

75 75

100 100

Dubina / cm Dubina 125

125 / cm Dubina

150 150

175 175

200 200 N 0 N 100 N 200 N 300 N 0 N 100 N 200 N 300 Water - Lysimeters Plant The yield of winter wheat (dt) in 2007. 45,0 y = -0,706x2 + 11,096x - 9,3075 40,0 The yield of maize (dt) in 2008. 37,5 R² = 0,9151 35,0 33,3 33,1 80,0 31,0 2 70,3 27,5 y = -1,0996x + 11,724x + 35,465 30,0 R² = 0,6025 70,0 67,5 67,6 The yield23,6 of oilseed rape, 2009. 25,0 63,3 61,8 dt/ha 20,4 60,0 54,5 54,4 20,0 51,4 45,0 15,050,0 42,5 y = -0,8136x2 + 9,3579x + 5,1798 40,0 R² = 0,5762 dt/ha10,0 40,0 35,3 4,3 33,4 35,05,0 3,5 32,2 30,0 31,1 30,00,0 26,3 20,0 24,5 25,3 25,0 dt/ha

10,0 Control1.

20,0 Ca 2. N02. P + + K 3. N1003. ++ K P N2005. ++ K P N2506. ++ K P 14,3 N1504. ++ K P N3009. ++ K P 15,00,0 13,2 7. N2507. ++ KP + FG 8. N2508. ++ KP + + Z 10,0 1. Control 1. 2. N0 + P + + N02.K P 3. N100 + P + + N1003.K P + + N2005.K P + + N2506.K P 5,0 + + N1504.K P + + N3009.K P 7. N250 + P + FG + N2507.K + P

0,0 + Z+ Ca + N2508.K + P Control 2. N02. P + + K dolomite 3. N1003. ++ K P N2005. ++ K P N2506. ++ K P 4. N1504. ++ K P N3009. ++ K P 8. N2508. ++ KP + 7. N2507. ++ KP + Phospho-gypsum  Agroecosystem of Lonja field is very sensitive

 Agriculture is a main driver of sustainable development of the Nature park

 There is a need to explain changes in land use in last 40 years (CLC) and to develop scenarios for the future

 Based on the results of modelling, we can prevent negative processes  University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture Department of General Agronomy

 Participation in different projects related to - agriculture & agroecosystem services - land use & soil protection - water protection from agriculture

Thank you for your attention!