WHITEWATER DRAW

MANAGEMENT PLAN

Arizona Game and Fish Department 2221 West Greenway Road Phoenix, 85023

June 21, 19967

] I WHITEWATER DRAW

MANAGEMENT PLAN

Arizona Game and Fish Department 2221 West Greenway Road Phoenix, Arizona 85023

June 21, 19967 Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 2

I. INTRODUCTION The Whitewater Draw property is one of three major roosting sites for sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) in the and probably is the most dependable. During the 1996 winter sandhill count, the 14,000 cranes roosting at the Whitewater Draw property represented over 50% of the cranes counted in the Sulphur Springs Valley and also in Arizona. That number represents the largest known concentration of wintering sandhills documented at one roost in Arizona. It is probable that some of the birds roosting there were drought displaced from other wintering sites, primarily in Mexico. The normal anticipated wintering population at the Whitewater Draw property is 4,000 to 7,000 cranes. The Whitewater Draw property is also an important area for migrating/wintering ducks and provides some nesting habitat for Mexican Ducks (Anas platyrhnychos diazi), pied-billed grebes (Podilymbus podiceps) and teal (Anas spp.). It is the only site in southeastern Arizona where there is a reasonable opportunity to establish new populations of wintering Canada geese (Branta canadensis) and snow geese (Chen caerulescens). One or more bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) commonly winter on the property. In addition, it is the most stable habitat for plains leopard frogs (Rana blairi) in southern Arizona. The Arizona Game and Fish Department (Department) initially considered acquisition of the Whitewater Draw property in 1982 because of it's significant value to waterfowl and sandhill cranes. At that time it was owned by the Hyannis Cattle Company. A water rights application for the property was contested and subsequently withdrawn at that time. Since then, the protest has been withdrawn and the property was offered to the Department by the current owners Mr. Elemer and Mrs. Charee Kovacs, who acquired the property in 1987.

II. GOALS To conserve and enhance sensitive wetland habitat values associated with the Whitewater Draw Property and associated habitat for conservation and management of waterfowl, migratory game birds and nongame birds, native amphibians, and reptiles. To provide public access consistent with management of the wildlife resource values, for hunting and watchable wildlife oriented recreational activities. Provide opportunities for appropriate wildlife oriented public education and research. Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 3

To provide additional and alternative roosting, feeding, and resting areas for migratory birds, especially waterfowl and cranes, beyond those currently available in the area. To maintain water rights and water quality and abundance associated with the property, both surface and subterranean. III. RESOURCE MANAGEMENT EMPHASIS 1. Maintain the wetland habitat for waterfowl, sandhill cranes, shorebirds, bald eagles, and plains leopard frogs. 2. Manage the native grassland community in areas adjacent to the wetland. 3. Provide feed, rest, nest, and roost sites for migratory birds, especially sandhill cranes and waterfowl, and also for resident wildlife species. 4. Provide controlled opportunities for watchable wildlife oriented recreation including bird watching, and photography. 5. Provide controlled opportunities for hunting of migratory birds (cranes, waterfowl and doves [Zenaida spp.]) and other resident game animals. 6. Facilitate re-establishment of riparian growth along the drainage below the wetland. IV. RESOURCE DESCRIPTION

A. Physical 1. Property Description Figures 1 and 2 portray location of the property, property boundaries and land status. The subject property contains approximately 1,448 acres of deeded land in portions of Sections 19, 29, 30, and 32 Township 21 South, Range 26 East; and Sections 4 and 5, Township 22 South; Range 26 East; all in the Gila and Base and Meridian, Cochise County, Arizona.

The Kovacs' Whitewater Draw property is described by Assessor's parcel numbers; 405-05-001-00-2, 405-01-017- 02-5, 405-01-017-01-6, 404-11-064-00-5, 404-11-063-00-2, 404-11-58-00-8, 404-11-033-00-5, and are depicted on Cochise County Recorder's Office maps. Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 4

The property is .composed of 3 parcels which are more completely described in Appendix A. The improvements on the subject property consist of a pond, 2 residences, storage sheds, metal storage building, corrals, and 11 wells (8 with electric pumps). In addition, the deeded property consists of grassland, irrigated farmland, and wetlands along Whitewater Draw. The estimated acreages of land types are as follows: Land Type Acres Percent Irrigated Farmland 442 31 Floodplain (Zone A) 640 44 Grasslands and Residences 366 � Estimated Totals 1,448 100 2. Water Rights and Resources The water rights associated with the property are well documented in the Arizona Department of Water Resources (DWR) records. Annual groundwater use reports for the 11 wells described in Table 1 have been filed with DWR by the Kovacs since 1988. The Kovacs were recently issued a surface water permit (Appendix B) to appropriate public water. The impact of groundwater pumping on sub-surface flow in the Whitewater Draw drainage (Douglas INA) may be of some concern to Tucson AMA (DWR). The subject property contains approximately 442 acres of irrigated land. Water is delivered from 10 wells via open ditches, a buried pipe system, and formerly via a pivot. Two domestic wells are located adjacent to the two residences. One of these wells is also used to irrigate fields. DWR records provide documentation of reservoir storage rights (Appendix B) and groundwater rights (well registrations - see Table 1). The locations of the wells are shown in Figure 2. Investigation of other adjudication claims and records of DWR filings were completed to verify the basis of all water right claims. No apparent conflicts were noted. 3. Cultural Resources The Archaeologist for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) was consulted on this property. No concerns were identified. An archaeological survey was suggested by Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 5

the State Histor_ic Preservation Officer, and will be conducted prior to any ground disturbing activities. 4. Environmental Hazards A Phase I Environmental Hazards survey was conducted by Western Technologies, Inc. Several concerns were identified and all were cleared up to the satisfaction of the Department of Administration' s Risk Management Division prior to acquisition.

5. Legal Access and Easements Figures 1 and 2 delineate three way to access the property: 1) easterly from State Highway 191 via Lee Road, 2 miles south of McNeal, 2) easterly from State Highway 191 via Bagby Road, 3 miles south of McNeal, or 3) southerly from Davis Road via Coffman Road. All access is along dedicated Cochise County roads and all right-of-ways will be documented in the Title Report. An easement and right of way exists for smoke. Right of ways for roads exist across the property, however, those threatening the wetland are not likely to be used since Davis Road which lies 3/4 mile to the north of the property is the major east-west corridor for the area and construction of an additional road that close would be both expensive, due to the expanse of floodplain to cross, and unnecessary. 6. Zoning and Deed Restrictions

The property is zoned by the Cochise County Planning and Zoning Department under RU4 Zoning, which is a rural residential (1 residence/4 acre) zoning classification. Portions of the property are within Flood Zone A which may preclude certain uses, primarily related to construction. There is a reservation for an undivided 1/2 interest in all minerals, oil and/or gas located on Parcel 3 to the heirs of Joe and Buelah Eicks.

7. Fees There are no fees associated with the property. The Commission may elect to make payments in-lieu of taxes. Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 6

8. Funding Sources �nd Restrictions Possible funding sources include: 1. Waterfowl Conservation Funds (WCF) 2. Ducks Unlimited MARSH Program (MARSH) 3. North American Wetlands Conservation Act (NAWCA) 4. Heritage Funds (Heritage - IIPAM) 5. Pittman-Robertson Funds (PR) Funding source Numbers 4, and 5 may be used for operation and maintenance of properties as well as acquisition. Sources 1-3 may only be used for acquisition or capital improvement projects unless otherwise negotiated.

B. Biological 1. Hahitat The most significant biological feature of the subject property is the large wetland which includes around 50 acres of permanent ponds and up to ,650 acres of floodplain which are inundated during wet periods. This area may have been a natural cienega within a grassland drainage historically. To facilitate travel between the east and west portions of the property during wet periods, a former owner (Joe Eicks) constructed an earthen berm which has increased the amount of surface water. The portion of the property adjacent to the wetland has been used as a pasture to raise livestock by the previous two owners. There is some woody vegetation along Whitewater Draw, both up and downstream, primarily composed of scrub mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) although some riparian trees occur downstream from the wetland as well. It is very possible that in the absence of grazing, a significant riparian belt could develop downstream from the wetland.

The Whitewater Draw property has water rights which can be used to irrigate crops with ground water on up to 442 acres of cleared farmland (Figure 3). Irrigated grain fields could provide abundant feed for various species, including sandhill cranes, waterfowl, and resident wildlife. The Whitewater Draw property provides primarily roosting and loafing habitat. Occasionally problems with sandhills using sprouting barley fields in the spring are reported. Availability of high quality grain fields on the property could reduce depredation problems and Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 7

complaints in tne future and benefit the crane and waterfowl populations. The largest portion of the property is approximately 1, 000 acres of natural grassland in the floodplain and in adjacent upland. This provides alternative feeding and loafing sites for cranes, waterfowl, and doves, in addition to numerous other terrestrial game and nongame species. The pre -settlement state of this semi-desert grassland was probably dominated by sacaton (Sporobolus wrightii) and tobosa (Hilaria mutica) with components of salt grass (Distichlis spicata) and yerba-mansa

(Anemopsis californica) and with other perennial grasses k k interspersed. The grassland may also provide suitable habitat for the desert massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus edwardsii) and western hognose snakes (Heterodon nasicus) especially after a period of rehabilitation. 2. Species A biological inventory has not been conducted specifically for the site. The Heritage Data Management System was searched in February and August of 1994 for records of sensitive species from the Whitewater Draw property or nearby areas. The desert massassauga, a � species of special concern in Arizona has been documented --- · within 4 miles of the property. Bald eagles and plains leopard frogs, both listed as wildlife of special --�(concern, have also been documented on the property. In ------__; addition to the above species the following sensitive reptiles and amphibians may be located on the property: green toad (Bufo debilis), Chiricahua leopard frog (Rana chiricahuensis), yellow mud turtle (Kinosternon flavescens), desert box turtle (Terrapene ornata), Mexican garter snake (Thamnophis eques) and western hognose snake (Heterodon nasicus).

A current study funded by an external Heritage grant is surveying sensitive herpetofauna of southeast Arizona grasslands. The Whitewater Draw property has been inventoried at least once. Other reptiles and amphibians species of concern may be added to the above list when the study is complete. A list of game species that occur on the subject property is found in Appendix C.

Waterfowl and sandhill cranes probably always migrated through the Sulphur Springs Valley. Prior to Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 8

agricultural deve_lopment the number of birds wintering in the was a function of fall and winter habitat (water and feed) conditions. Some species have become more abundant in response to increased habitat and food availability as the result of agricultural developments. Those species that have adapted to feeding in agricultural fields include sandhill cranes, doves, Mexican ducks, mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), pintails (Anas acuta), and collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu). Mexican ducks commonly nest in ponds created by farmers for the reuse of irrigation tail-water. The number of wintering sandhill cranes has increased dramatically since the 1950s, probably in response to the abundant food available in harvested grain fields, primarily corn. Numbers of both mourning and white-winged doves probably also increased since historic times as the result of agriculture. Peak populations of doves probably coincided with the period of peak sorghum production in the area, approximately 20 years ago, and are currently reduced somewhat from that peak. Numbers of both mule deer ( Odocoileus hemionus) and collared peccary have also increased in response to increased food associated with agriculture. Pre-settlement, the valley was primarily grassland. Early accounts describe vast grasslands occupied by large herds of pronghorn antelope (Antilocarpa americana) . Early grazing promoted the invasion of brush (primarily mesquite (Prosopis velutina), white-thorn (Acacia constricta), and tarbush (Flourensia cernua), while farming increased food availability and cover along the field borders. During two of the past three winters and in the 1980s bald eagles were observed on the property. This is most likely in response to the abundant waterfowl using· the wetland. Wintering waterfowl and shorebirds also attract prairie falcons (Falco mexicanus) and peregrine falcons (F. peregrinus), in addition to the more common wintering hawks in the valley. Appendix D contains a list of birds which are possible, probable or confirmed on or within 5 miles of the Whitewater Draw property This list is compiled from breeding bird surveys for the Arizona Breeding Bird Atlas Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 9

and surveys done_by Lynne and Rick Taylor, Borderlands Tours in 1993-94. V. RESOURCE VALUES AND PROTECTION The Whitewater Draw property is one of three major roosting sites for sandhill cranes in the Sulphur Springs Valley. The other two major sites include the Willcox Playa including the Department' s Willcox Playa Wildlife Area (WPWA) and the wetland adjacent to the AEPCO Power Plant at Cochise, and the area near Sierra Bonita. Whitewater Draw is an important area for migrating/wintering ducks and provides some nesting habitat for Mexican ducks and teal. It is one of the few sites in southeastern Arizona where there is a reasonable opportunity to maintain habitat for wintering geese. During wet winters when there is water in the Willcox Playa, more cranes and ducks use the playa than the Whitewater Draw property for roosting and loafing simply due to the larger expanse of wetland available. However, there is no way of predicting or influencing the water levels on the playa with the exception of the water pumped to Crane Lake on the WPWA. There is also currently no means of providing feeding areas without an additional contract or project. The Whitewater Draw property will allow the Department the option of growing forage or lure crops. "Lure crop" refers to a crop, or portion of a crop, which will be left standing, and thus, will be mostly unavailable (not attractive), until it's needed to draw birds away from a particular area (usually a specific privately owned field) where crane damage is, or is perceived to be, occurring. Such damage normally occurs in late winter when food supplies are low and when new crops are sprouting. At Whitewater Draw the "lure" crop will be corn because it is the most attractive to cranes and waterfowl. Small grains in other fields will be in staggered stages of development. The primary purpose of these crops will be to provide an abundant food source for wildlife during its reproductive period. To make that food source available in early spring requires production during the previous growing season. At any given time, there will be crops in various stages of development, e. g., germinating, standing, and harvested. This activity could become critical to maintain the wintering sandhill population in two ways. Should cropping practices in the area reduce the amount of grain grown in the valley the Department may need to supplement the available feed supply for the birds by growing crops. Also, if depredation problems occur, .a high quality feed area grown and managed specifically for cranes could help reduce complaints. For example, corn could be grown and left standing until needed to lure birds from adjacent private fields or provide feed when it' s not available elsewhere. Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 10

The property is large enoug� to accommodate both public viewing and controlled hunting opportunities in addition to undisturbed roosting, loafing and feeding areas for cranes and waterfowl. While the primary benefit to cranes and waterfowl occurs during the fall and winter, that benefit is a function of management and rainfall during the spring and summer. For example, abundance of feed is a product of native plant growth and agricultural grain production in the spring and summer and the wetland condition is a function of natural run-off into the floodplain from summer rains. During extremely dry periods, water may need to be pumped into the wetland to maintain adequate wintering habitat. The property is currently extremely i�portant habitat for migratory birds. Depending on the intensity of management, the potential exists to increase the number of cranes, waterfowl, doves and shorebirds using the property. Although smaller, this area could provide habitat requisites and opportunities similar to those of the Bosque del Apache and Cibola National Wildlife Refuges, and serve as an important wintering area and public bird watching area. The Department considers the Watchable Wildlife viewing potential for this property as good to excellent. Managing the habitat for wintering migratory birds should result in increased numbers of wintering birds, which, in turn, should attract more wintering bald eagles and other raptors. A secondary resource value of the wetland portion of the property is the habitat for plains leopard frogs, which have been documented there, and Mexican garter snakes, which may be located there. The plains leopard frog is one of the most narrowly distributed of all Arizona leopard frogs, and, in our state, is known only from the Sulphur Springs Valley. This valley had over two dozen populations as recently as the early 1980s, but surveys between 1991-1994 of nearly all historical plains leopard frog localities have found this species at only three sites. Decline of this species appears to be part of an overall statewide decline in ranid frog populations. The Whitewater Draw property population is the healthiest and most stable of the known Arizona plains leopard frog populations at this time. Habitat acquisition and conservation is currently believed to be the most viable management option for conservation of leopard frog species. Because of the amount of private land in the Sulphur Springs Valley, acquisition of suitable habitat will be especially important for conservation of this species. The Whitewater Draw property provides the Department with the opportunity to preserve the healthiest known plains leopard frog population in the state. Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 11

VI. LAND USE MANAGEMENT

Historically the Whitewater Draw property has been managed for cattle production. Farming has occurred primarily as support for the livestock operation. The previous two owners, including the owner prior to the Kovacs developed and maintained a livestock feedlot operation on the farm with fields of corn, alfalfa, and sudan grass being grown for cattle feed. The Kovacs produced 80- 160 acres of oats annually. Adjacent properties are in private ownership with several different owners, the largest of which is the Alamo Ranch owned by Mr. John Keck. The Alamo Ranch has a livestock operation and farms corn on center pivot irrigation systems. Alamo Ranch property bounds most of the west side of the Kovacs' property, that property being used for crops and pasture. The southeast quarter of Section 20 is owned by Mr. Jose Pinedo and is composed primarily of undeveloped mesquite scrub-grassland which has previously been used for cattle grazing. The property east of Coffman Road is primarily fallow cropland and pasture with some limited farming. These properties are owned by several different individuals. Ownership bounding the north portion of the subject property is composed of several private landowners and, with the exception of an orchard to the northwest of the Kovacs' farm is primarily undeveloped mesquite­ grassland. Property to the south is privately held, undeveloped mesquite scrub with livestock grazing as the primary use. The minimum site bounds needed for effective management of the area as a sandhill crane roost area include the pond and floodplain area itself, which when full encompasses approximately 50% of the total acreage, plus a buffer of approximately one-half mile to prevent disturbance to the birds on the roost. One or more agricultural wells should be used (if necessary) to maintain a minimum pool for the crane roosting area and habitat for leopard frogs. Management flexibility would be greatly enhanced through production of lure and/or forage crops in at least 2 widely separated fields (e.g. northwest corner and the southern 1/2 mile of the property).

VII. NEEDS ASSESSMENT

A. Mandates:

The property will be purchased, in part, using Federal Aid in the Restoration of Wildlife dollars, and as such are subject to uses compatible with this act. Other uses must be cleared by the Federal Aid Office, USFWS. Other documents which may influence and/or direct activities on this property include: Wildlife 2000 Strategic Plan Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 12

Department Operating Manual Commission Policy on Riparian Habitat, A2.13 National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Compliance, I2.2 Americans with Disabilities Act Compliance, Cl.1 9 and Ll.12 Governor' s Executive Order No. 91-6, Protection of Riparian Areas The Intermountain West Joint Venture of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan. B. Problems, Issues, and Limiting Factors 1. Sandhill cranes are a high profile species of significant public interest as evidenced by the success of the Wings Over Willcox events held the past two years. Economic benefits are expected to be felt in the local economy as a result of increased wildlife oriented recreation. 2. Land and water uses in the aquifer may influence costs associated with wildlife food crop production and impact the Department's ability to grow forage for wildlife. Significant decreases in water levels or increases in utility rates would affect the cost of crop production. 3. If the heirs of Joe Eicks exercise their rights to explore for gas, oil or minerals, it could create an impact on wildlife from an incompatible activity. 4. The age of several of the improvements (houses, barns, sheds) may increase the long term maintenance costs, although recent renovation of structures including metal roof installation should minimize short-term needs. 5. Operation and maintenance of the wetland may re quire pumping water to maintain a minimum pool during severe droughts, and control vegetation. Effects of water pumping on the water table has surfaced as an issue to at least one downstream property manager. It is anticipated that pumping under Department management will not be increased significantly over current levels. Water would probably remain impounded in the wetland for longer periods than currently, which would allow increased recharge to the aquifer. Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 13

6. If predatory non -native fish and amphibians occur in the pond at larger sizes or densities they may impact the leopard frog population. C. Management Potential Primary management emphasis is to maintain a stable wintering area for waterfowl, sandhill cranes, and wetland dependent nongame birds, reptiles and amphibians. Opportunities exist to manage native semidesert grassland, resulting in increased diversity and value for wildlife. There are also opportunities to provide forage and lure crops for wintering migratory waterfowl, cranes and shorebirds, to provide a stable food resource, public viewing opportunities, controlled hunting opportunities, and reduce local depredation losses. The development of facilities for bird watching could provide for increased public recreation and education. VIII. MANAGEMENT Management of recreational uses on the property will be conducted according to the zones displayed in Figure 4. Zone 1 contains one of the two residences as well as several outbuildings. It will be the site for construction of the wildlife viewing platform and most of the watchable wildlife viewing opportunities. Zone 2 will have cultivated wildlife forage crops, will contain the riparian strip, and will be open to regulated hunting in season as well as wildlife viewing. Zone 3 will be the site of the portable hunting blinds for waterfowl hunting. Sites will be available to hunters on a lottery drawing basis when there is sufficient water in the wetland to accommodate sandhill roosting in zone 4. Zone 4 will be designated no entry/no hunting areas. Zone 4 will be dedicated to crane and waterfowl roosting and loafing. The primary use of Zone 5 will be for crop production for migratory birds and will be open to regulated hunting.

Table 2 displays the estimated Operations and Maintenance budget for the next five year period.

National Environmental Policy Act and Endangered Species Act (ESA) Compliance

Administrative and planning functions for this management plan will proceed in full compliance with NEPA and ESA. Documentation under NEPA, and consultation under ESA will be completed, where Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 14 appropriate, for each action identified in this plan prior to implementation. Job 1. Operation

Objective 1. Provide for appropriate protection of property and facilities. Activity 1. Execute a caretaker lease agreement with sellers for continued occupancy of the property for 1 year and to provide for training of Department personnel on operational activities. Cost: None Funding: N/A Responsibility: Habitat Branch, AG Accomplished by: Time of purchase Activity 2. Provide a residence for an on-site Wildlife Habitat Technician and/or Wildlife Manager. Cost: None Funding: N/A Responsibility: Habitat Branch Accomplished by: Within one year of purchase Activity 3. Establish on-site Wildlife Habitat Technician position. Cost: $45,000 Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Region V, Habitat Branch Accomplished by: FY 97/98 Activity 4. Operate equipment as needed, including 4X4 truck, to accomplish operation and maintenance tasks. Cost: $5,000 per year Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Region V, Habitat Branch Accomplished by: Annually Activity 5. Establish permanent boundary markers and post appropriate signs. Cost: $500 Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Region V, Habitat Branch, Development Accomplished by: 1997 Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 15

Objective 2. Provide :.!;or appropriate protection of biological resources and recreational use. Activity 1. Share crop limited areas for use as a lure crop for waterfowl, doves and/or sandhill cranes and as an observation area for a Watchable Wildlife opportunities. Cost: $1,000 every other year Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Region V, Habitat Branch Accomplished by: To be determined Activity 2. Develop and install educational signs on wetland and riparian values.

Cost: $500 Funding: Heritage Responsibility: Region V, I&E, Habitat Branch Accomplished by: 1996 Activity 3. Develop a Watchable Wildlife brochure for the area.

Cost: $200 Funding: Heritage Responsibility: Region V, I&E Accomplished by: 1996 Activity 4. Build portable hunting blinds in Zone 3. Cost: $1000 Funding: Federal Aid Responsibility: Region V, Development, Habitat Branch Accomplished by: 1996 Activity 5. Monitor and regulate public access and recreational use of the Wildlife Area to allow varied uses on portions of the property without detriment to the primary purpose of providing a secure crane roosting site and waterfowl resting area. Implement on a drawing basis, check-in check-out hunting from prebuilt designated waterfowl blinds in Zone 3 during waterfowl season when water levels in the wetland extend into Zone 4. This would allow cranes to utilize Zone 4 as a roost without being disturbed by hunting in Zone 2.

Cost: None Funding: N/A Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 16

Responsibility: Region V, Habitat Branch Accomplished by: 1996 B. Job 2. Maintenance

·objective 1. Maintain the quality of the existing habitats, especially the wetland community. Activity 1. Monitor the need and evaluate the potential for ground water pumping to supplement the wetland during periods of prolonged drought. Pump ground water in emergency situations, if necessary, to preserve the wetland habitat. Cost: $7,000 Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Region V Accomplished by: As needed

Activity 2. Designate the area as closed to all cooking fires and camping. Cost: $500 Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Habitat Branch, Region V, Rules Accomplished by: 1997 Objective 2. Maintain physical assets on property. Activity 1. Inventory the existing buildings and structures to identify current and future needs for improvements. Establish a maintenance schedule for buildings and facilities.

Cost: None Funding: N/A Responsibility: Region V, Development Accomplished by: 1997

Activity 2. Maintain existing facilities and equipment in an operational condition to ensure long-term cost­ efficiency and maintenance of the value of the wildlife area.

Cost: $7,500 Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Region V, Development Accomplished by: Annually Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 17

Activity 3. Remove structures, including central fencing, unnecessary to management of the area. Cost: $100 Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Region V, Development Accomplished by: 1997 Activity 4. Maintain boundary fence. Cost: $500 Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Development, Region V Accomplished by: Annually Activity 5. Annually inspect boundary markers and signs and replace as needed.

Cost: $200 Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Region V Accomplished by: Annually

C. Job 3. Development None

D. Job 4. Enhancement

Objective 1. Enhance wildlife populations and habitats.

Activity 1. Inventory and monitor wildlife populations on the property to determine appropriate changes in management goals and needs for the Wildlife Area. Much of the inventory can be conducted as a cooperative effort by Region V and Phoenix AGFD personnel, local birders and birding groups, and summer interns and seasonals. Cost: $5,000 Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Region V, Nongame Accomplished by: To be determined Activity 2. Acquire and install a center pivot irrigation system which will be used to farm corn in the northwest portion of the wildlife area as feed for cranes Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 18

and waterfowl and to attract wildlife to the viewing areas. Cost: $25,000- $50,000 Funding: Waterfowl Conservation Responsibility: Region V, Habitat Branch Accomplished by: To be determined Activity 3. Evaluate the need to do eliminate undesirable vegetation and reseed 200 acres of pasture to native grassland. Cost: $200 Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Region V, Habitat Branch Accomplished by: To be determined Activity 4. Evaluate the need to control or eliminate non-native fish and amphibian populations. Cost: $500 Funding: Heritage, Nongame Checkoff Responsibility: Nongame, Habitat Branch Accomplished by: To be determined

Activity 5. Establish chufa and other natural plant species in the northern end of the wetland for winter forage.

Cost: $200 Funding: Federal Aid, Heritage Responsibility: Region V, Habitat Branch Accomplished by: To be determined

Activity 6. Evaluate the potential of modifying the stream channel that flows into the wetland from the west to spread the flow over a larger area. Cost: None Funding: N/A Responsibility: Region V, Habitat Branch, Development Accomplished by: To be determined Activity 7. Evaluate the potential, and construct where feasible, structures that encourage the use of the area by species such as bats (bat houses) and raptors (perching poles and nest boxes).

Cost: To be determined Whitewater Draw June 21, 1997 Management Plan Page 19

Funding: To be qetermined Responsibility: Region V, Habitat Branch, Development Accomplished by: To be determined Objective 2. Create recreational opportunities. Activity 1. Establish a wildlife viewing area with stands in Zone 1 and implement a scheduling system.

Cost: $7, 000 Funding: Heritage Responsibility: Development Accomplished by: To be determined Activity 2. Examine the need for restrooms and trails to accomodate public use of the wildlife area. Cost: To be determined Funding: To be determined Responsibility: To be determined Accomplished by: To be determined Activity 3. Utilize questionaires to gather public input on the quality of their recreational experience. Cost: To be determined Funding: To be determined Responsibility: To be determined • Accomplished by: To be determined Table 1. Whitewater Draw Property wells under Groundwater Right Permit No. 60-203379.002.

I WELL NO. DWR - 55# TYPE WELL DIA. - DEPTH CAPACITY LOCATION I 1 55-602798 irrigation/elect. 12 in.- 32 ft. 600 gpm NENENE Sec.32 I 2 55-602708 irrigation/elect. 12 in. - 80 ft. 450 gpm SESENW Sec.32 and domestic � 3 I 55-602706 I irrigation/elect. I16 in. - 60 ft. 600 gpm I SENESE Sec.32 � � 4 I 55-602707 I irrigation/elect. I12 in. - NA 350 gpm INE NESE Sec.32 � � 5 I 55-602797 I irrig./diesel I16 in.- 40 ft. 600 gpm I SESWNE Sec.32 � � 6 I 55-602705 I irrig./diesel I12 in.- 115 ft. 600 gpm I SENENW Sec.04 � � 7 I 55-602704 I irrigation/elect. I 16 in.- 80 ft. 250 gpm I SENENW Sec.04 � � 8 I 55-605772 I irrigation/elect. I 16 in.- 80 ft. 400 gpm I SWSW Sec.32 � � 9 I 55-502894 I stock/windmill I 6 in. - 60 ft. 35 gpm I NESWNW Sec.29 � � 10 I 55-602709 I irrigation/elect. I 16 in.- 250 ft. 1000 gpm I NWNWSE Sec.19 � � 11 I 55-602799 I domestic/elect. I 8 in. - 160 ft. 35 gpm I SENENW Sec. 04 � 12 55-530549 domestic/elect. 6 in. - 180 ft. 22 gpm SESENE Sec. 32 I Table 2. Projected 5 Year Operation and Maintenance Schedule for Whitewater Draw Property

I Activity II 1996/97 I 1997/98 I 1998/99 I 1999/2000 I 2000/01 I 1.1.3. Technician II I $45,000 I $45,000 I $45,000 I $45,000 ll 1.1.4. Equipment I 5,000 I 5,000 5,000 I 5,000 I I 11· 1.1.5. Boundary $ 500 I Markers I I I II 1.2.1. Share Crop I 1,000 1,000 I 1,000 � II 1.2.2. Signs I 500 I ' � II 1.2.3. Brochure 200 II II 1.2.4. Blinds 1,000 II II 2.1.1. Pumping 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 II II 2.1.2. Rules 500 II 2.2.2. Facility 7,500 7,500 7,500 7,500 7,500 II Maint. II 2.2.3. Fence 100 I Removal I I 2.2.4. Fence 500 500 500 500 500 I Maint. I I 2.2.5. Maintain 200 200 200 200 200 I Markers I I I I I===.======~=.==.I TOTALS I I $12,500 $59,700 I $60,200 I $59,200 I $60,200 Appendix A. Legal Description of the Whitewater Draw Property. Parcel 1:

The South half of the Southeast quarter of Section 19, and the North half of the Northeast quarter of Section 30, Township 21 South, Range 26 East of the Gila and Salt River Base and Meridian, Cochise County, Arizona. Parcel 2: Lots 3 and 4, Section 4, Township 22 South, Range 26 East of the Gila and Salt River Base and Meridian, Cochise County, Arizona. Parcel 3: (A) The West half; and the West half of the Northeast quarter of Section 29; and ALL of Section 32, EXCEPT that portion described as follows: BEGINN ING at the Southeast corner of said Section 32; thence North 2200 feet; thence West 1320 feet; thence South 2200 feet; thence East 1320 feet; ALL in Township 21 South, Range 26 East of the Gila and Salt River Base and Meridian, Cochise County, Arizona; and Lots 1 to 4, inclusive, Section 5, Township 22 South, Range 26 East of the Gila and Salt River Base and Meridian, Cochise County, Arizona; EXCEPT an undivided 1/2 interest in all minerals, oil, and/or gas as reserved in Deed recorded in Docket 209, Page 117, records of Cochise County, Arizona. (B) The Southwest quarter of the Southwest quarter of Section 32, Township 21 South, Range 26 East of the Gila and Salt River Base and Meridian, Cochise County, Arizona; and That portion of Section 32, Township 21 South, Range 26 East of the Gila and Salt River Base and Meridian, Cochise County, Arizona, described as follows: BEGINNING at the Southeast corner of said Section 32; thence North 2200 feet; thence West 1320 feet; thence South 2200 feet; thence East 1320 feet to the Point of Beginning.

CONTAIN ING 1429.35 Total Acres Appendix C. Game Species known or suspected to occur at Whitewater Draw. Species Abundance Period American Wigeon, Anas americana C F, W Green-winged Teal, Anas crecca A F, W Cinnamon Teal, Anas cyanoptera C F, W Blue-winged Teal, Anas discors U F, W Gadwall, Anas strepera C F, W Mexican Duck, Anas platyrhnychos diazi A Yearlong Mallard, Anas platyrhnychos A F, W Northern Pintail, Anas acuta A F, W Northern Shoveler, Anas clypeata C F, W Ring-necked Duck, Aythya collaris U F, W Lesser Scaup, Aythya affinis U F, W Sandhill Crane, Grus canadensis A F, W (3 subspecies) Snow Goose, Chen caerulescens C F, W Ross' Goose, Chen rossii C F, W Canada Goose, Branta canadensis U F, W Mourning Dove, Zenaida macroura A Yearlong White-winged Dove, Zenaida asiatica C S, SU Gambel's Quail, Callipepla gambelii C Yearlong Scaled Quail, Callipepla squamata C Yearlong Collared peccary, Tayassu tajacu C Yearlong Mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus C Yearlong Desert cottontail, Sylvilagus audubonii C Yearlong

Legend: F = Fall, W = Winter, S = Spring, SU = Summer A= Abundant: occurs every year in relatively large numbers. C = Common: occurs every year in moderate numbers. U = Uncommon: occurs almost every year, usually in small numbers and for short periods. Appendix D. Birds known to occur or in the vicinity of Whitewater Draw based on breeding bird surveys for the Arizona Breeding Bird Atlas and surveys done by Lynne and Rick Taylor, Borderlands Tours in 1993-94. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps Mexican Duck Anas platyrhnychos diazi Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus Red-tailed.Hawk Buteo jamaicensis American Kestrel Falco sparverius Scaled Quail Callipepla squamata Gambel' s Quail Callipepla gambelii American Coot Fulica americana Killdeer Charadrius vociferus Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla White-winged Dove Zenaida asiatica Mourning Dove Zenaida marcroura Greater Roadrunner Geococcyx californianus Barn Owl Tyto alba Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia Lesser Nighthawk Chordeiles acutipennis Black-chinned Hummingbird Archilochus alexandri Ladder-backed Woodpecker Picoides scalaris Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans Say's Phoebe Sayornis saya Vermilion Flycatcher Pyrocephalus rubinus Ash-throated Flycatcher Myiarchus cinerascens Cassin's Kingbird Tyrannus vociferans Western Kingbird Tyrannus verticalis Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Chihuahuan Raven Corvus cryptoleucus Verdin Auriparus flaviceps Cactus Wren Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus Black-tailed Gnatcatcher Polioptila melanura Northern Mockingbird Mimus polyglottos Bendire's Thrasher Toxostoma bendirei Curve-billed Thrasher Toxostoma curvirostre Crissal Thrasher Toxostoma dorsale Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus European Starling Sturnus vulgaris Yellow-rumped Warbler Dendroica coronata Pyrrhuloxia Cardinalis sinuatus Appendix D (cont) . Birds known to occur or in the vicinity of Whitewater Draw based on breeding bird surveys for the Arizona Breeding Bird Atlas and surveys done by Lynne and Rick Taylor, Borderlands Tours in 1993-94. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME Blue Grosbeak Guiraca caerulea Canyon Towhee Pipilo fuscus Cassin's Sparrow Aimophila cassinii Lark Sparrow Chondestes grammacus Black-throated Sparrow Amphispiza bilineata Brewer's Sparrow Spizella breweri Vesper Sparrow Pooecetes gramineus White-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys Brewer's Blackbird Euphagus cyanocephalus Red-winged Blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus Eastern Meadowlark Sturnella magna Great-tailed Grackle Quiscalus mexicanus Bronzed Cowbird Molothrus aeneus Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater Northern Oriole Icterus galbula Scott's Oriole Icterus parisorum House Finch Carpodacus mexicanus House Sparrow Passer domesticus f Arizona Game and Fish Department EXHIBIT A The Arizon Game and Fish Department makes no warranties, implied or expressed, with respect to information on these maps Map by: Brian Vrooman 11/94 Ownership Key D Private Land D State Land □ B.L.M. D Coronado N.F. ■ Subject Property J!iJJ Primary Highways ilJJSecondary Roads � Improved � Unimproved C:] Primitive

Scale 1:200,000 , 1 ------1 4 - - - ..L.-- 1 ll 1 ll 18 17 111 D:avis Rd. I 14 ., Arizona Gama and Fish Departm ent Q McNeal ------::::::r- -+-�(/J .. �-�---��------+------1-_L_I rI� -�- -- EXH IBI T B 24 .� ·-Qt The Arizon Game and Fiah Departm ent makea no warranties, im plied or expressed, I .J: ■a 21 22 21 8 1 8 55-80270 9 z &I: I � with respect to information on thaea mapa J C ... 24 I , ca I W. Grants Map by: Brian Vroom an 11/94 2ll d. "'" 0 Ownership Key 65-602884 CJ A D Private Land

! \ Lake Surface I D I I I I 27 Man made Ponds 28 28 25 I ■ I --- .1 - I State Land .... ---- ....- -- I D ,J Alamo I L�e Rd. 2& 211 I . 1- �-----• 1------, □ B.L.M . 55-802798 ..a, ' Ranch ·- 80-203379 (Kovacs D Subject Property C 1442 Ae•n Totaq] -- -, I Primary Highways 0 � u... I 55-602708 IADDJ A Secondary Roads ~------11 ( \ A Domestic i/S/J I Hou•• \ \ 33 34 :s, � Improved I 55-602706 IDADJ (ADWR • Monitor Wall) I jj\/1 Unim proved 55-805772 55-802707 IDAAI Bagby Rd. s, T 21 S HouHfB 55-602704 [ZJ Prim itive I T 22- - - --S ------, Domaatloll EB Residence Locations I 1- A Kovacs Well Locations I 1 � -.....:;;- .;;..:_- :..:.- '..J' ca .. A Fiesta Well Locations IU Ill 011 O& 04 08 02 01 I 01 IO U) a,.. N N l 02 &I: a: .. 55-808473 : I "55 -808483 55-808475 ": " " 55-808474 I 80-203084 (Fie sta Co.) .__...... , I (3 44 Ac___res Tota l) _ I l I � ------·-- 7 I 'H" 09 10 11 I 12 07 Fiesta Canning Com pan I \ 55-803722 12 11 66-803728 I ------::-----�- ,, 18 ,, 1 14 14 ,,....- UI 18 Bl17 I \ & 13 : Scale 1:3 2,0 00