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Sample Annotated Bibliography Williams 1 A. Williams Instructor Stavenhagen WRT 205 Date Here Annotated Bibliography: Male involvement in Rape Prevention on College Campus Abbey, Antonia, and Richard J. Harnish. "Perception of Sexual Intent: the Role of Gender, Alcohol Consumption and Rape Supportive Attitudes." (1995). 7 Apr. 2008 <http:// findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2294/is_/ai_17274722>. This article discusses how male and female perception on the issue of sexual intent varies. Men tended to perceived non verbal cues such as eye contact and touching in a more sexual way then women. Also when alcohol is put into the mix, both men and women were more willing to blame the woman for any wrong doings even if her male counterpart was also drinking. The article also explains that men with high rape acceptance belief were more likely to blame women for being raped. The last finding from the study found that men who ranked high in viewing the world in more of a sexual manner was more likely to blame the victim for the rape. This article would be very important to my project because it point to how men and women perceive certain situations differently. This article speaks to my thesis in trying to figure out why men involvement in sexual assault activism. After figuring out how men and women think differently, we would be able to find a way to prevent rape against women. Boswell, Ayres A., and Joan Z. Spade. "Fraternities and Collegiate Rape Culture: Why are Some Fraternities More Dangerous Places for Women?" Gender and Society 10 (1996): 133-147. Jstor. Syracuse, NY. 31 Mar. 2008 <http://www.jstor.org/sici?sici=0891-2432 (199604)10%3A2%3C133%3AFACRCW%3E2.0.CO%3B2-B>. Boswell and Spade examines how certain environments such as college parties and social situations such as fraternities and bars promote rape culture. Rape culture is a set of beliefs and Williams 2 values that rape and sexual assault are promoted as the norm. One factor which seems to promote rape culture is the gender stratification of our society. We as a society are put into these gender roles where the beliefs in men being dominate and aggressive is promoted and accepted. Because of the social constructs of gender fraternity party where men are seen as the ones in power, tend to mistreat and degrade women which can lead then lead to sexual assault. This article is important toward my article because it looks at how the macrocosm of society and its social construct it produces can work on a micro defined level such as Fraternity parties on college campus. In understanding and constructing a plan of action in male participation, we much first understand the how man in certain social circles perceive women. Gold, Jodi, and Susan Villari, eds. Just Sex. Oxford: Powan and Littlefield, INC, 2000. 150-187. Just Sex is a collection of stories written in college student’s point of view about sexual assault. It examines how many became active in the issue of stopping sexual assault. Chapter 14 examines how sexual assault is part of oppression against women. It looked at how the rape programs of today are the new kind of activism that is less about protesting and boycotting but more about helping out your community. Chapter 15 outlines an example of how men can get involve in the prevention and education of sexual assault: through male peer education. Just Sex is important to my project because it outlined ways in which people (not just women) can get involve in activism against sexual assault. The book help to open the narrow views that people might have about what activism is about. Chapter 15 gave an opposing view that some women look at men involvement in rape prevention and education as a threat, which would be a good counter argument in the paper. Mac Donald, Heather. "The Campus Rape Myth." City Journal (2008). 12 Apr. 2008 <http://www.city-journal.org/2008/18_1_campus_rape.html>. Williams 3 MacDonald looked at how sexual assault program, stats, and activism on college campus is a not base on facts but on hysteria. MacDonald believed that sexual assault programs are base on radical feminism, which believe that all men are the cause of women’s’ problems. The article try to criticize the idea of what is considered rape in our society not as fact based, but just women just having bad sex they regret. MacDonald believes that schools and the women who say they are sexually assaulted should be accountable for sexual assault. Though this article is written by women, it is great article to examine how some people think sexual assault college campus is hyperbolized and based on deception. The article by MacDonald is a great counter-argument in my paper to show that some people think its women who are given men false perception about sex. "Myths About Sexual Assault." Vera house. 2008. 3 Apr. 2008 <http://www.verahouse.org>. The Vera house is a rape and sexual assault activist organization located in Syracuse, whom is dedicated toward ending violence against women and children. The page about sexual assault myths looks at misperception people might have toward sexual assault. Some of the rape myths belief includes misperceptions that sexual assault victims might have against themselves such as blaming what they were wearing as a reason for the. This website gives the public good facts about the rape prevention and education. The Vera House would provide me with an example of activism that’s in Syracuse. Schwartz, Martin D., and Walter S. Dekeseredy. Sexual Assault on the College Campus. Thousand Oaks, London, New Delhi: Sage Publications, Inc, 1997. The book is broken down into two sections of information. The first part of the book deals with why rape occurs on college campuses, how often it occurs, and what can be done to prevent it. The second part of the book is basically a subtopic of what the first part of the book is about. The second part of the book deals men peer support, which can help reduce the number of men that commit sexual assault. This whole deals with everything about our topic including the Williams 4 sociological and psychological aspect of why male commit rape against women and whys that we can prevent it. In t the book it is evident that the two male sociologists wrote this book in the same style of many feminist authors showing the correlation of male dominance masculinity and the marginalization of women as reasons why rape occurs on college campuses. Instead of being anti-men, the authors showed ways in which men can prevent other men from sexually assaulting women by being peer counselor and education. Stepp, Laura S. "A New Kind of Date Rape." Cosmopolitan Sept. 2007: 10-12. In the article is about a common occurrence at many college campuses called gray rape. Gray rape refers to sex that falls somewhere between consent and denial and is even more confusing than date rape because often both parties are unsure of who wanted what. The U.S. Department of Justice estimates that 1 in 5 college women will be raped at some point during a five-year college career; that about 9 out of 10 times, the victim will know her assailant; and that half of all victims will not call what happened rape. Sixty-two percent of female rape victims in general say they were assaulted by someone they knew, which includes dates, acquaintances, and random hookups. Many experts believe that the cause of gray rape is due in part by the hookup culture of partying and flirting, plenty of alcohol, and the idea that women can be just as bold and adventurous about sex as men are. This source is very important to my article because it deals with rape that occurs in college. The article examines how certain situations like partying and alcohol can lead to unwanted sexual assault. The article also examines how sometime men who were apart of "gray rape” might not know whether are not they sexually assaulted a woman because of the ambiguity of the situation. Williams 5 "The Moderating Role of Ambivalent Sexism: the Influence of Power Status on Perception of Rape Victim and Rapist." Journal of Social Psychology (2007). Contemporary Women's Issues. Syracuse, NY. 7 Apr. 2008 <http://search.rdsinc.com/texis/rds/ suite2/+qce37nneoxbtqA68WX6w6wWxxFqz5OGwWv+66NFqnh1cc/full.html>. This article examines the role that ambivalent sexism plays in how rape victims are perceived and who are more likely to be perpetrator of rape. Ambivalent sexism can be broken down into two poles hostile sexism (HS) and benevolent sexism (BS). HS is viewed as traditional sexism involving antipathy towards women because they are viewed as weak and inferior to men. BS is when women are given special treatment because they are regarded as weak and powerless. Men whom fall in the category of HS are more likely to blame women for the rape as well as side with the perpetrator. The purpose of the article was to show a clear correlation between sexism and rape myth belief among men. Men who were viewed as highly sexist towards women was more likely to believe that it was the women fault they got rape. Also, men who were viewed as highly sexist where also found to be more likely to rape women if the risk of getting caught was diminished. This article helps in distinguishing men who are at greater risk of rape. By knowing the characteristic of men who are likely to rape we can target our activism toward those men who fall in the category of hostile sexism.
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