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2014 North Carolina Agricultural Chemicals Manual

Floral, Nursery, Landscape and Diseases

Fungicides for Disease Control of Floriculture K. L. IVORS, Extension Specialist, Pathology NOTE: Consult product label to ensure that the variety of that you wish to treat is listed on the label. Check for phytotoxicity by making trial applications on a smaller number of before you treat an entire . TABLE 10-12. DISEASE CONTROL OF ANNUAL, PERENNIAL, BEDDING, AND FLOWERING POTTED PLANTS IN

DISEASE and Formulation Rate of Formulation Schedule and Remarks BACTERIAL SPOT (Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas) Bacillus subtilis (Rhapsody, Cease) 2 to 8 qt/100 gal Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease. Thorough coverage is essential. Repeat at 7-day intervals. copper hydroxide Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label. (Champ WG) 0.5 lb/100 gal (Nu-Cop) 50DF 1 lb/100 gal Please note that Kocide labels have changed regarding use in ornamentals. Kocide products are only labeled (CuPRO 2005) 0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal for use on conifers in Christmas plantings and in silviculture nurseries. copper hydroxide + mancozeb (Junction) 1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. copper, metallic (Copper-Count-N) 1 qt/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. copper sulfate pentahydrate (Phyton 27) See label See label. didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride 0.06 to 0.38 fl. oz. per Apply starting at week 3 or earlier if conditions are favorable for disease. Use a watering device to sprench the (KleenGrow) gallon of water top and bottom of the and stems, avoiding in full bloom, every 14 days to prevent the spread of and the build-up of organic material. Remove severely infected plants and disinfect the area with 1.0 fl. oz. KleenGrow per gallon of water. Black rot (Thielaviopsis basicola) etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl (Banrot) 6 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Irrigate immediately. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals if 40W necessary. Protects against Thielaviopsis and Pythium but is not as effective against Thielaviopsis as thiophanate-methyl only products that have a higher concentration of active ingredient. fludioxonil (Medallion) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Apply as a preventive drench at seeding or transplanting. Make only one application to seeding crop. If needed, re-treat transplants 21 to 28 days after initial application. Do not apply as a or soil drench to or New Guinea impatiens. thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 7.5 to 20 oz/100 gal Apply as a heavy spray or drench at the rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals. (Cleary 3336) F 8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding, or apply 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals. (OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 50WSB 12 to 16 oz/100 gal Apply 1 to 3 pt/sq ft after transplanting to thoroughly soak growing medium. Repeat at 21-to 28-day intervals. (SysTec 1998) FL 10 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. (T-Storm Flowable), OHP 6672 (4.5L) 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply as soil drench at 2- to 4-week intervals. Use higher rate under heavy disease pressure. BOTRYTIS BLIGHT azoxystrobin (Heritage) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 21 days prior to infection. Do not exceed 2 oz/100 gal on impatiens, pansy, or viola. Do not make more than three sequential applications before switching to a nonstrobilurin . Bacillus subtilis (Rhapsody, Cease) 2 to 8 qt/100 gal Repeat at 7-day intervals. Thorough coverage is essential. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease. chlorothalonil Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to foliage or flowers when plants are dry or nearly dry. Discontinue (Chlorothalonil DF) See label applications prior to formation on . Rotate with fenhexamid, iprodione, or fludioxonil. (Chlorothalonil 500ZN) 1.9 pt/100 gal (Chlorothalonil 720 SFT) 1.37 pt/100 gal (Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, 1 3/8 pt/100 gal On rose, use 1 pt/100 gal. Echo 720, Manicure 6F) (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG 1.4 lb/100 gal On rose, use 1 lb/100 gal. (Echo) 90DF, (Echo Ultimate) 1.25 lb/100 gal On rose, use 0.78 lb/100 gal (Echo 90) DF or 0.9 lb/100 gal (Echo Ultimate). (Exotherm Termil) 1 can/1,000 sq ft See label for method of application. chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (Spectro) 90WDG 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Minimum re-treat interval is 7 days. Do not apply to green or variegated pittosporium or schefflera more than once. (Consyst WDG, TM/C WDG) 0.75 to 1.5 lb/100 gal Repeat every 7 to 10 days as needed during disease period. copper hydroxide Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label. (Champ WG) 0.5 lb/100 gal See label for rate on Easter Lily. (Nu-Cop) 50DF 1 lb/100 gal Please note that Kocide labels have changed regarding use in ornamentals. Kocide products are only labeled (CuPRO 2005) 0.75 to 2 pounds/100 gal for use on conifers in Christmas tree plantings and in silviculture nurseries. copper hydroxide + mancozeb (Junction) 1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. copper, metallic (Copper-Count-N) 1 qt/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. copper sulfate pentahydrate (Phyton 27) See label See label.

411 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-12. DISEASE CONTROL OF ANNUAL, PERENNIAL, BEDDING, AND FLOWERING POTTED PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES

DISEASE Pesticide and Formulation Rate of Formulation Schedule and Remarks

dichloran (Botran) 75W 1 lb/150 to 200 gal Apply to stock cuttings or greenhouse plants. Begin when disease is anticipated or first appears. Spray foliage See label and flowers at 7- to 14-day intervals.

BOTRYTIS BLIGHT (continued)

fenhexamid (Decree) 50WDG 0.75 to 1.5 lb/100 gal RESISTANCE TO THIS CHEMICAL HAS BEEN REPORTED IN BOTRYTIS. Avoid making more than two consecutive applications of this product. Treat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Rotate with chlorothalonil, copper, mancozeb, or iprodione. Make trial application before treating poinsettia. fludioxonil (Medallion) 50WSP 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Spray to runoff. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Use no more than two consecutive applications before switching to another fungicide with a different mode of action. Do not use after bract formation on poinsettia. Foliar applications on impatiens, New Guinea impatiens, and some geranium may cause stunting or chlorosis, especially on young plants. iprodione Spray to ensure thorough coverage. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than four applications (Chipco 26019 N/G) 1.0 to 2.5 lb/100 gal per year. Do not apply to Spathiphyllum. Do not apply as a soil drench on impatiens or pothos. (18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE) 1 to 2.5 qt/100 gal iprodione + thiophanate-methyl (26/36) 33 to 84 fl oz/100 gal Spray to ensure thorough coverage. Repeat at 7 to 14 day intervals. Do not use as a drench on impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum. mancozeb (Dithane) 75DF, (Fore) 80WSP, 1.5 lb/100 gal Do not use on French dwarf or signet-type marigolds. Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 10-day (Mancozeb DG) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal intervals. Most effective when applied prior to infection. Not for use on marigold. (Pentathlon DF) 0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7-to 10-day intervals. (Pentathlon LF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal1 to 2 Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7-to 10-day intervals. (Protect DF)(Protect T/O)* bags/100 gal To improve performance, add 2 to 4 oz of an effective spreader-sticker. Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals. *Discontinued, replaced with Protect DF. mancozeb + myclobutanil (MANhandle) 2 lb/100 gal Addition of Latron B-1956 will improve performance. Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals. polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5WP) 1.1 to 2.2 lb/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray every 7 to 10 days. Apply prior to disease development and when conditions are conducive for disease. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb (Zyban) 4 bags/100 gal Do not use on French marigold or gloxinia. Apply weekly. 79WSB (24 oz/100 gal) trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 50WDG 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals until the threat of disease is over. Rotate to another nonstrobilurin fungicide after each application of Compass O. Make no more than four foliar applications per crop cycle or season. triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Make initial application prior to or at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not use on impatiens plugs. AND ROTS (Fusarium, Penicillium)

iprodione Dip 5 minutes prior to storage. (Chipco 26019 N/G) 2 lb/100 gal (18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE) 2 qt/100 gal didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride Immerse both crate and For control of Botrytis, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium and Penicillium bulb rots and other fungal and bacterial diseases (KleenGrow) in a solution of of tulip, , gladiolus, crocus, dahlia, freesia, iris, lily, daylily, amaryllis, hyacinth, iris, scilla and 0.15 to 1.5 fl. oz. ornamental onion. Remove from solution and allow to drain prior to planting or storage. Test solution regularly KleenGrow per gallon of using QAC test strips, (La Motte #2949-BJ or equivalent). Add KleenGrow when necessary, to maintain an a.i. water for 30 sec. concentration between 90 and 900 ppm. iprodione + thiophanate-methyl (26/36) 66 fl oz/100 gal Dip 5 minutes prior to storage. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 23 to 35 oz/100 gal Clean and treat bulbs and within 24 to 48 hours of digging. Keep dip mixture well agitated prior to and during the submersion of bulbs. Dip bulbs 15 to 30 minutes. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. thiabendazole (Mertect) 340-F 30 fl oz/100 gal Clean and treat bulbs and corms within 24 to 48 hours of digging. Warm solution prior to dipping. Mix fresh solution per label guidelines. Dip bulbs 15 to 30 minutes and corms 15 minutes for Fusarium control, or dip bulbs 10 to 15 minutes for Penicillium (blue mold) control. thiophanate-methyl Soak clean bulbs for 15 to 30 minutes in warm (80-85 degrees F) solution. Treat bulbs within 48 hours of (AllBan Flo) 14.5 to 33 fl oz/100 gal digging. Dry well before storing. (Cleary 3336) F 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray; 16 to 24 fl oz/100 gal dip (OHP-6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 50WSB 16 to 24 oz/100 gal

(T-Storm Flowable) 12 to 16 oz/100 gal (SysTec 1998) FL, (OHP 6672) 4.5L 20 fl oz/100 gal CYLINDROCLADIUM STEM CANKER OR ROOT ROT

chlorothalonil Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to foliage or flowers when plants are dry or nearly dry. (Chlorothalonil DF) See label See label for method of application. (Chlorothalonil 500ZN) 1.9 pt/100 gal (Chlorothalonil 720 SFT) 1.37 pt/100 gal (Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, 1 3/8 pt/100 gal Echo 720, Manicure 6F) (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG 1.4 lb/100 gal (Echo) 90DF, (Echo Ultimate) 1.25 lb/100 gal (Exotherm Termil) 1 can/1,000 sq ft chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl 1.0 to 2.15 lb per 100 For best results use spray mixture the same day it is prepared. Spray uniformly over the area to be treated with (Spectro) 90WDG gallons a properly calibrated power sprayer, apply as a full coverage spray to run-off when conditions are favorable for 412 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-12. DISEASE CONTROL OF ANNUAL, PERENNIAL, BEDDING, AND FLOWERING POTTED PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES

DISEASE Pesticide and Formulation Rate of Formulation Schedule and Remarks

disease development. fludioxonil (Medallion) 50WSP 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Completely drench the growing medium. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals. Two applications per year when conditions favor disease development are usually adequate for control. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Completely drench the growing medium. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray, as injury may occur.

CYLINDROCLADIUM STEM CANKER OR ROOT ROT (continued) thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 7.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as drench or heavy spray at 0.5 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals. (Cleary 3336) F 8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply 8 oz after seeding or sticking, or 12 to 16 oz after transplanting as a drench or directed spray at a rate that thoroughly soaks the growing media through the root zone. Repeat every 21 to 28 days. (OHP-6672) 50W, (T-Storm) 50WSB 12 to 16 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 3 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals.

(SysTec 1998) FL 10 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. (T-Storm Flowable), (OHP 6672) 4.5L 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W See label Can be used as a cutting soak or soil drench. DOWNY MILDEW azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days prior to infection. Do not apply 2-oz rate on less than 14-day intervals. May damage 2 to 4 oz/100 gal (rose) snapdragons; use 1 oz rate and rotate. Apply every 7 to 21 days on rose. Bacillus subtilis (Rhapsody, Cease) 2 to 8 qt/100 gal Repeat at 3- to 10-day intervals. Thorough coverage is essential. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, prior to the onset of disease. copper hydroxide Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label. (Champ WG) 0.5 lb/100 gal (Nu-Cop) 50DF 1 lb/100 gal Please note that Kocide labels have changed regarding use in ornamentals. Kocide products are only labeled (CuPRO 2005) 0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal for use on conifers in Christmas tree plantings and in silviculture nurseries. copper, metallic (Copper-Count-N) 1 qt/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. To avoid phytotoxicity, do not use any copper compound on alyssum. copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. copper sulfate pentahydrate (Phyton 27) See label See label. To avoid phytotoxicity, do not use any copper compound on alyssum. cyazofamid (Segway) 2.1 to 3.5 fl oz/100 gal 14 to 21 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre). dimethomorph (Stature DM) 6.4 to 12.8 oz/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease. Apply to obtain complete coverage of flowers, foliage, and stems. Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals throughout the production cycle. dimethomorph + ametoctradin (Orvego) 11 to 14 fl oz/100 gal Apply on 10 to 14 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre). fenamidone (Fenstop) 7 to 14 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray until wet. Repeat as necessary on a 28-day schedule. Do not apply more than 2 applications per crop per season. fluopicolide (Adorn) 1 to 4 fl oz/100 gal Adorn MUST be tank mixed for resistance management with another product that is registered for use against the target disease. fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 80WDG 1.25 to 4 lb/100 gal Systemic. Repeat as necessary, but do not make more than one application every 14 days. (bedding plants) 2.5 lb/100 gal (rose) mancozeb (Dithane) 75DF, (Fore) 80WSP, 1.5 lb/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. (Mancozeb DG) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat 7- to 10-day intervals. (Pentathlon DF) 0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat 7- to 10-day intervals. (Pentathlon LF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal To improve performance, add 2-4 oz of an effective spreader-sticker. Repeat at 7- to 21-day intervals. (Protect DF) 1 to 2 bags/100 gal * Discontinued, replaced with Protect DF. (Protect T/O)* mancozeb + copper hydroxide (Junction) 1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Begin applications at first sign of disease and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. mancozeb + myclobutanil 16 oz/100 gal Begin applications at first sign of disease and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Limited trials have shown very (Clevis, MANhandle) good to excellent control of downy mildew on alyssum, stock, and snapdragon. mandipropamid (Micora) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal This product can also be used on vegetables sold to the retail market in GH with permanent flooring. Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. phosphorous acid (Alude, FOSPHITE, See label for rates Apply prior to disease development. Spray to thoroughly wet all foliage. Repeat at 14- to 21-day intervals. Reliant) polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5WP) 1.1 to 2.2 lb/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray every 7 to 10 days. Apply prior to disease development and when conditions are conducive for disease. potassium phosphite (Vital) 4 pt/100 gal Apply prior to disease onset, and repeat at 14-day intervals. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb (Zyban) 1.5 lb/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7-day intervals.

413 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-12. DISEASE CONTROL OF ANNUAL, PERENNIAL, BEDDING, AND FLOWERING POTTED PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES

DISEASE Pesticide and Formulation Rate of Formulation Schedule and Remarks

trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 50WDG 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray before disease is detected or when conditions are favorable for disease. Repeat at 7- to- 14-day intervals until threat of disease is over.

FUNGAL LEAF SPOTS (Consult label for specific fungi controlled.)

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 28-day intervals. Do not make more than three sequential applications before switching to a nonstrobilurin fungicide. Good control of Alternaria leaf spot. Bacillus subtilis (Rhapsody, Cease) 2 to 8 qt/100 gal Repeat at 7-day intervals. Thorough coverage is essential. Not effective on Alternaria. chlorothalonil Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Works well for control of Alternaria leaf spot. Discontinue applications prior to (Chlorothalonil DF) See label. bract formation on . Applications made during bloom may damage flowers. Apply to plants when both (Chlorothalonil 500ZN) 1.9 pt/100 gal foliage and flowers are dry or nearly dry. (Chlorothalonil 720 SFT) 1.37 pt/100 gal (Chlorostar VI, Echo 720, Manicure 6 1 3/8 pt/100 gal Flowable) 1.4 lb/100 gal (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG 1.25 lb/100 gal (Echo) 90DF, (Echo Ultimate) chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl Apply when foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Repeat at 7-day intervals. Good control of Colletotrichum (Spectro) 90WDG 1 to 2 lb/100 gal (anthracnose) and Alternaria. Not recommended for Swedish Ivy, Boston , and Easter Cactus.

(Consyst WDG, TM/C WDG) 0.75 to 1 lb/100 gal Thorough, uniform coverage is essential for good control. Repeat in 7 to 10 days. copper hydroxide Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label. (Champ WG) 0.5 lb/100 gal (Nu-Cop) 50DF 1 lb/100 gal Please note that Kocide labels have changed regarding use in ornamentals. Kocide products are only labeled (CuPRO 2005) 0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal for use on conifers in Christmas tree plantings and in silviculture nurseries. copper hydroxide + mancozeb (Junction) 1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 21-day intervals. Discoloration of foliage and/or blooms is possible on some varieties of , carnation, , and rose. Do no use on French marigold.

copper, metallic (Copper-Count-N) 1 qt/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. copper sulfate pentahydrate (Phyton 27) See label See label. To avoid phytotoxicity, do not use any copper compound on alyssum. fludioxonil (Medallion) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Good control of Alternaria leaf spot. iprodione Spray plants to ensure thorough coverage. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than 4 (Chipco 26019 N/G) 1.0 to 2.5 lb/100 gal applications per crop per year. Do not drench impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum. Good control (18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE) 1 to 2.5 qt/100 gal of Alternaria leaf spot. iprodione + thiophanate-methyl (26/36) 33 to 84 fl oz/100 gal Spray plants to ensure thorough coverage. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than 4 applications per crop per year. Do not drench impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum. mancozeb (Dithane) 75DF, (Fore) 80WSP, 1.5 lb/100 gal Do not use on French dwarf or signet-type marigolds. Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 10-day (Mancozeb DG) intervals. Most effective when applied prior to infection. (Pentathlon DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7-to 10-day intervals. (Pentathlon LF) 0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7-to 10-day intervals. (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal To improve performance, add 2-4 oz of an effective spreader-sticker. Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals. (Protect T/O)* 1 to 2 bags/100 gal *Discontinued; replaced with Protect DF.

mancozeb + myclobutanil 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. The addition of Latron B-1956 will improve (Clevis, MANhandle) performance. Good control of Alternaria. myclolobutanil Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals, not to exceed 21 days. For , see label for specific rates. (Eagle) 20EW 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal (Eagle) 40WP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal (Systhane) 40WSP 4 oz/100 gal pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 4 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5WP) 2.2 lb/100 gal Control of Alternaria blight, anthracnose (Colletotrichum), and Curvularia leaf spot. Apply as a foliar spray every 7 to 10 days. Apply prior to disease development and when conditions are conducive for disease. tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease. thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 10 to 14.5 fl oz/100 gal Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Poor control of Alternaria leaf spot. (Cleary 3336) F, (OHP 6672) 50WP, (T- 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Begin when disease first appears and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Storm) 50WSB (SysTec 1998) FL, (T-Storm Flowable) 20 fl oz/100 gal Begin when disease first appears and repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals.

triadimefon (Strike) 25WDG 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply as needed at first sign of disease. Good control of Alternaria leaf spot. trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 50WDG 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals until threat of disease is over. Rotate to another nonstrobilurin fungicide after each application. Good control of Alternaria leaf spot.

414 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-12. DISEASE CONTROL OF ANNUAL, PERENNIAL, BEDDING, AND FLOWERING POTTED PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES

DISEASE Pesticide and Formulation Rate of Formulation Schedule and Remarks triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply at very first sign of disease. Do not use on impatiens plugs, and do not exceed 2 oz/100 gal for impatiens transplants. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. FUSARIUM ROOT AND CROWN ROT azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply as a directed spray every 7 to 21 days, or as a soil drench at 7-to 28 day intervals. (directed spray) 0.2 to 0.9 oz/100 gal (drench) etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl (Banrot) 6 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Irrigate immediately. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals if 40W necessary.

FUSARIUM ROOT AND CROWN ROT (continued) fludioxonil (Medallion) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench at seeding or transplanting. Make only one application to seeding crop. If needed, retreat transplants 21 to 28 days after initial application. See label for incorporation into potting mixture.Do not apply as a seed or soil drench to impatiens or New Guinea impatiens. fludioxonil + mefenoxam (Hurricane) See label Apply as a pre-potting or growing media drench per label directions. Application to impatiens, New Guinea 48WP impatiens, pothos, geranium, and Easter lily may cause stunting and/or chlorosis. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Completely drench the growing medium. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray, as injury may occur. Streptomyces griseoviridis (Mycostop) See label Apply inoculant as a seed dressing, soil drench spray, or transplant dip. Must be applied prior to onset of disease. See label. thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 7.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a heavy spray or drench at a rate of 0.5 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals. (Cleary 3336) F 8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding or sticking or 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals. (OHP-6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 50WSB 12 to 16 oz/100 gal Soak growing medium after transplanting. Repeat every 21 to 28 days. (SysTec 1998) FL 10 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. (T-Storm Flowable), (OHP 6672) 4.5L 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply soil drenches weekly as needed. Use higher rate under heavy disease pressure. MYROTHECIUM LEAF BLIGHT, CROWN, OR ROT azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 21 days. Do not exceed 2 oz per 100 gal on impatiens, pansy, or violas. chlorothalonil Repeat applications at 7- to 14-day intervals. (Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, 1 3/8 pt/100 gal Echo 720, Manicure 6 Flowable) (Chlorothalonil DF) See label (Chlorothalonil 500 ZN) 1.9 pt/100 gal (Chlorothalonil 720 SFT) 1.37 pt/100 gal (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG 1.4 lb/100 gal (Echo Ultimate) 1.25 lb/100 gal fludioxonil (Medallion) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Spray to runoff at 7- to 14-day intervals. See label for media mix and drench applications. Drench applications to impatiens or New Guinea impatiens may cause stunting and/or chlorosis. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 8 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply prior to or at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Use higher rates for initial application under disease pressure. Do not use on impatiens plugs. Do not exceed 2 oz per 100 gallons on impatiens transplants. PHYTOPHTHORA AERIAL BLIGHT azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 28 days. Do not make more than three sequential applications before switching to another effective fungicide with a different mode of action. chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply when plants are dry. Spectro has protective and curative action. Repeat at 7-day intervals. (Spectro) 90 WDG dimethomorph (Stature DM) 12.8 oz/100 gal Begin spraying at first sign of disease. Use a full-coverage spray at 10- to 14-day intervals throughout production cycle. dimethomorph + ametoctradin (Orvego) 14 fl oz/100 gal Apply on 10 to 14 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre). fenamidone (Fenstop) 7 to 14 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray until wet. Repeat as necessary on a 28-day schedule. Do not apply more than 2 applications per crop per season. fluopicolide (Adorn) 1 to 4 fl oz/100 gal MUST ALWAYS BE TANK MIXED WITH THE LABEKED RATE OF ANOTHER FUNGCIDE WITH A DIFFERENT MODE OF ACTION. Apply before disease development. Use higher rate when treating plants with high potential for disease. Reapply after 14 to 28 days. fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 80 WDG 1.25 to 4 lb/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Apply as a foliar spray. Repeat as necessary, but do not exceed one application every 14 days. mandipropamid (Micora) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal This product can also be used on vegetables sold to the retail market in GH with permanent flooring. Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. phosphorous acid (Alude, FOSPHITE, See label for rates Apply as a soil drench or foliar spray as a preventive. Reliant) potassium phosphite (Vital) 1 pt/100 gal Apply preventatively as a soil drench or foliar spray. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as 415 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-12. DISEASE CONTROL OF ANNUAL, PERENNIAL, BEDDING, AND FLOWERING POTTED PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES

DISEASE Pesticide and Formulation Rate of Formulation Schedule and Remarks

injury may occur.

PHYTOPHTHORA OR PYTHIUM ROOT AND CROWN ROT cyazofamid (Segway) 3.0 to 6.0 fl oz/100 gal Apply ONLY to ornamentals grown in containers in greenhouses as a soil drench. Make applications on a 14- to 21-day interval using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Check label for recommended maximum drench volume based on pot diameter.

dimethomorph (Stature DM) 3.2 to 6.4 oz/50 to 100 Apply when plant are well established, or at first sign of disease on 10- to 14-day intervals throughout gal water; see label for production cycle. Use enough solution to wet root zone. Avoid watering plants for several hours after rates for container-grown application. Not effective against Pythium root rot. perennials and woody ornamentals dimethomorph + ametoctradin (Orvego) 11 to 14 fl oz/100 gal NOT LABELED FOR PYTHIUM. Apply on 10 to 14 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre). dipotassium phosphonate + dipotassium See label for rates Apply as a soil drench or foliar spray as a preventive. phosphate (Biophos) 1% (v/v) etridiazole (Truban) 30WP 3 to 10 oz/100 gal Apply in sufficient volume to saturate soil. Irrigate immediately. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals. (Terrazole) 35WP 3.5 to 10 oz/100 gal Drench 4-in. pot with a minimum of 2 oz and a 6-in. pot with 4 oz. Re-treat at 4- to 12-week intervals. Use higher rates for peat or other high organic potting media. etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl (Banrot) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Irrigate immediately. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals if 40W necessary. fenamidone (Fenstop) 7 to 14 fl oz/50 to 100 Apply as a drench using 1 to 2 pints per square foot. Repeat as necessary on a 28-day application schedule. gal/400 sq ft Do not apply more than 4 applications of the maximum rate per crop per season. Higher rate has shown more consistent efficacy in research trials.

fludioxonil + mefenoxam (Hurricane) See label Apply as a pre-potting or growing media drench per label directions. Application to impatiens, New Guinea 48WP impatiens, pothos, geranium, and Easter lily may cause stunting and/or chlorosis. fluopicolide (Adorn) 1 to 4 fl oz/100 gal MUST ALWAYS BE TANK MIXED WITH THE LABEKED RATE OF ANOTHER FUNGCIDE WITH A DIFFERENT MODE OF ACTION. Apply before disease development. Use higher rate when treating plants with high potential for disease. Reapply after 14 to 28 days. Do not make more than one application per crop on poinsettia- phytotoxicity has been observed with repeat applications. fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 80WDG 1.25 to 4 lb/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray prior to disease development. Repeat as necessary, but do not exceed one application every 14 days. mandipropamid (Micora) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal This product can also be used on vegetables sold to the retail market in GH with permanent flooring. Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. mefenoxam (Fenox ME, Mefenoxam 2, See label for rates Can be applied as a drench, soil surface spray, or incorporated into the soil mix. Consult label for specific crops Subdue MAXX) and applications. phosphorous acid (Alude, FOSPHITE, See label for rates Apply as a soil drench or foliar spray as a preventive. Reliant) potassium phosphite (Vital) 1 pt/100 gal Apply preventatively as a soil drench or foliar spray. propamocarb (Banol) 20 to 30 fl oz/100 gal Apply at seeding or transplanting. See label. Effective for preventing Pythium infections. POWDERY MILDEW

azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz /100 gal Spray every 7 to 28 days as needed. To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than two sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with non-strobilurin products. Bacillus subtilis (Rhapsody, Cease) 2 to 4 qt/100 gal Repeat at 7-day intervals. Thorough coverage is essential. Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease. chlorothalonil Apply until runoff when flowers and foliage are dry. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Avoid applications during (Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, 1 3/8 pt/100 gal bloom where flower injury is unacceptable. Discontinue use on poinsettias prior to bract formation. Echo 720, Manicure 6 Flowable) (Chlorothalonil DF) See label (Chlorothalonil 500ZN) 1.9 pt/100 gal (1.6 pt/100 gal on rose) (Chlorothalonil 720 SFT) 1.37 pt/100 gal (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG 1.4 lb/100 gal (Echo) 90DF, (Echo Ultimate) 1.25 lb/100 gal

chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl (Spectro) 90WDG 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply when foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Re-treat at 7-day intervals. (ConSyst, TM/C) 50WDG 0.75 lb/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. copper hydroxide Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label. (Champ WG) 0.5 lb/100 gal (Nu-Cop) 50DF 1 lb/100 gal Please note that Kocide labels have changed regarding use in ornamentals. Kocide products are only labeled (CuPRO 2005) 0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal for use on conifers in Christmas tree plantings and in silviculture nurseries.

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TABLE 10-12. DISEASE CONTROL OF ANNUAL, PERENNIAL, BEDDING, AND FLOWERING POTTED PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES

DISEASE Pesticide and Formulation Rate of Formulation Schedule and Remarks copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. copper sulfate pentahydrate (Phyton 27) See label See label. To avoid phytotoxicity, do not use any copper compound on alyssum. mancozeb + myclobutanil 16 oz/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. In a limited number of trials, gave excellent (Clevis, MANhandle) control of powdery mildew on rose. myclobutanil Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Use caution if applying to Gerbera daisy as phytotoxicity may occur. (Eagle) 20EW 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal (Eagle) 40WSP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal (Systhane) 40WSP 4 oz/100 gal neem oil (Triact 70) 1 gal/100 to 200 gal Trial first on open blooms. Retreat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Use 1:200 rate as a preventive and 1:100 rate if disease is evident. POWDERY MILDEW (continued) piperalin (Pipron) LC 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal See label for precautions on hydrangea, begonia, and poinsettia. Use high rate if disease is already present. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 6 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. potassium bicarbonate (Armicarb 100) 2 to 2.5 lb/100 gal Apply every 10- to 14 days. Increase frequency to every 5 - to 7 days under heavy disease pressure. (Kaligreen) 1 to 3 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7-10 day intervals. (MilStop) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal See label for precautions for poinsettia, impatiens, and pansy. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5WP) 1.1 to 2.2 lb/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray every 7 to 10 days. Apply prior to disease development and when conditions are conducive for disease. tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease. thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 10 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply when disease first appears and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. (Cleary 3336) F, (OHP 6672) 50WP, (T- 12 to 24 oz/100 gal Apply when disease first appears and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Storm) 50WSB ((SysTec 1998) FL, ((T-Storm Flowable) 10 fl oz/100 gal Apply when disease first appears and repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb (Zyban) 4 bags/100 gal Repeat at weekly intervals. 79W (24 oz/100 gal) triadimefon (Strike) 25WDG 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply as needed at first sign of disease. Repeat at 14- to 21-day intervals. Not effective for powdery mildew control on verbena. trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 50WDG 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Good eradicant. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Rotate to another fungicide of nonstrobilurin chemistry after each Compass application. Use caution when applying to petunia, violets, and New Guinea impatiens due to possible phytotoxicity. triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 16 oz/100 gal Use 16 oz/100 gal for initial applications of existing infections. Use 4 to 8 oz/100 gal for subsequent applications and preventative sprays. Do not exceed 2 oz/100 gal for impatiens transplants. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. RHIZOCTONIA AERIAL BLIGHT chlorothalonil Apply when foliage and flowers are dry. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to hydrangea foliage only. Avoid (Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, 1 3/8 pt/100 gal application during bloom period on plants where flower injury is unacceptable. Echo 720, Manicure 6 Flowable) (Chlorothalonil DF, Chlorothalonil 720 See label SFT) (Chlorothalonil 500 ZN) 1.9 pt/100 gal (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG 1.4 lb/100 gal (Echo Ultimate) 1.25 lb/100 gal chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Re-treat at a minimum of 7-day intervals. (Spectro) 90WDG fludioxonil (Medallion) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Spray to runoff. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals until conditions no longer favor disease. flutolanil (Contrast, Prostar) 70WSP 3 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply at 14- to 21-day intervals. iprodione Spray plants to ensure thorough coverage Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than four applications per crop per year. Do not use as a soil drench on impatiens or pothos. Do not use on (Chipco 26019 N/G) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Spathiphyllum. (18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE) 1 to 2.5 qt/100 gal iprodione + thiophanate-methyl (26/36) 33 to 84 fl oz/100 gal Spray plants to ensure thorough coverage. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than four applications per year. Do not use as a soil drench on impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14 day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5WP) 1.1 to 2.2 lb/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray every 7 to 10 days. Apply prior to disease development and when conditions are conducive for disease. thiophanate-methyl Apply when disease symptoms first appear. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. (AllBan Flo) 10 to 14.5 fl oz/100 gal (Cleary 3336) F 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal thiophanate-methyl + flutolanil (SysStar 4 to 8 oz/100 gal For best results apply before disease development. WDG) triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Make initial application prior to or at first sign of disease. Use the higher rate under heavy disease pressure. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. RHIZOCTONIA STEM AND ROOT ROT azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply as a preventative drench treatment. Do not make more than three sequential applications of Heritage

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TABLE 10-12. DISEASE CONTROL OF ANNUAL, PERENNIAL, BEDDING, AND FLOWERING POTTED PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES

DISEASE Pesticide and Formulation Rate of Formulation Schedule and Remarks

before alternating with a nonstrobilurin fungicide. Repeat at 7 to 21 days. Do not exceed 2 oz/100 gal on impatiens. chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Spray uniformly over area to be treated. Re-treat at 7-day intervals. (Spectro) 90WDG etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl (Banrot) 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Irrigate immediately. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals if 40W necessary. fludioxonil (Medallion) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench at seeding or transplanting. Apply sufficient mix to wet the upper one-half of the growing medium. Make only one application to seedling crop. If needed, re-treat transplants 21 to 28 days after initial application. Do not apply as a seed or soil drench to impatiens or New Guinea impatiens. May cause stunting or chlorosis on some geranium cultivars.

RHIZOCTONIA STEM AND ROOT ROT (continued) Fludioxonil + Mefenoxam (Hurricane) 48 See label Apply as a pre-potting or growing media drench per label directions. Labeled for Rhizoctonia and WP Phytophthora/Pythium root rots and is best used when both diseases are present or suspected. flutolanil (Contrast, Prostar) 70WSP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal Apply drench at 2 oz per 4-in. pot. Repeat 21 to 28 days after initial application. Make no more than four applications per year. iprodione Apply 1 to 2 pints per sq ft at seeding or transplanting. Do not apply as a drench on impatiens or pothos. Repeat every 14 days. Do not make more than six applications per year. Do not use on Spathiphyllum. (Chipco 26019 N/G) 6.5 oz/100 gal (18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE) 13 fl oz/100 gal iprodione + thiophanate-methyl (26/36) 13.5 fl oz/100 gal Apply 1 to 2 pints per sq ft at seeding or transplanting. Do not apply as a drench on impatiens or pothos. Do not use on Spathiphyllum. Repeat every 14 days. Do not make more than 6 applications per year. PCNB (Terraclor) 75WP 4 to 8 oz/100 gal See label for amount to apply. One repeat application can be made 4 to 6 weeks later, if necessary. polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5WP) 1.1 to 2.2 lb/100 gal Apply as a drench every 14 to 28 days. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 21-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 7.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a heavy spray or drench at a rate of 0.5 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals. (Cleary 3336) F 8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding or 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28- day intervals. (OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 50WSB 12 to 16 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench at a rate of 1 to 3 pints per sq ft after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals. (OHP 6672) 4.5L, (T-Storm Flowable) 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft after transplanting. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. thiophanate-methyl + flutolanil (SysStar 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply according to label directions. WDG) trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 50WDG 0.5 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench to wet upper half of the growing media. Apply at seeding, again at transplanting, and at 21- to 28-day intervals thereafter. May injure petunia, violet, and New Guinea impatiens. triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply as soil drench at 2- to 4-week intervals. Use higher rate under heavy disease pressure. RUST azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply at 7- to 28-day intervals. Do not make more than three sequential applications of Heritage before alternating with a nonstrobilurin fungicide. Not effective for rust control on Hypericum. Rotate with mancozeb or triflumizole. chlorothalonil Apply when foliage and flowers are dry. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to hydrangea foliage only. Avoid (Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, 1 3/8 pt/100 gal application during bloom period on plants where flower injury is unacceptable. Echo 720, Manicure 6 Flowable) (Chlorothalonil DF, Chlorothalonil 720 See label SFT) (Chlorothalonil 500 ZN) 1.9 pt/100 gal (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG 1.4 lb/100 gal (Echo) 90DF, (Echo Ultimate) 1.25 lb/100 gal chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply when foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Re-treat at a minimum of 7-day intervals. (Spectro) 90WDG mancozeb (Dithane) 75DF, (Fore) 80WSP, 1.5 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. (Mancozeb DG) (Pentathlon DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Begin application at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. (Pentathlon LF) 0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal Begin application at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals. (Protect T/O)* 1 to 2 bags/100 gal *Discontinued; replaced with Protect DF. mancozeb + myclobutanil (Clevis, 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. The addition of Latron B-1956 will improve MANhandle) performance. In a limited number of trials, gave very good to excellent control of rust on geranium (18 oz/100 gal) and snapdragon (1 lb/100 gal). myclobutanil Apply on a protectant application schedule at 10- to 14-day intervals. See label for rates to control white rust on (Eagle) 20EW 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal chrysanthemum. (Eagle) 40WP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal (Systhane) 40WSP 4 oz/100 gal neem oil (Triact 70) 1 gal/100 to 200 gal Apply at 7- to 14-day spray intervals. Trial first on open blooms. To control existing disease, apply on a 7-day schedule until disease pressure is eliminated. Not for impatiens, carnation, or hibiscus. oxycarboxin (Plantvax) 75W 16 to 24 oz/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease. Repeat at 2-week intervals for a maximum of two to four applications per season. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 6 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as 418 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-12. DISEASE CONTROL OF ANNUAL, PERENNIAL, BEDDING, AND FLOWERING POTTED PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES

DISEASE Pesticide and Formulation Rate of Formulation Schedule and Remarks

injury may occur. thiophanate-methyl Begin applications at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. (AllBan Flo) 10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal (Cleary 3336) F 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal triadimephon (Strike) 25WDG 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Spray to the point of drip as needed. triflumizole (Terraguard) 50WP 2 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply prior to, or at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

SCAB, POINSETTIA (Sphaceloma) azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals. Test for phytotoxicity prior to treating entire crop. Do not make more than three sequential applications of Heritage before alternating with a nonstrobilurin fungicide. chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Repeat at 7-day intervals. (Spectro) 90WDG copper sulfate pentahydrate (Phyton 27) 2.0 to 3.5 oz/100 gal Apply at 7-day intervals. mancozeb Spray at first sign of disease. Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals. May leave a residue. (Dithane) 75DF, (Fore) 80WSP, 1.5 lb/100 gal (Mancozeb DG) (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal (Protect T/O)* 1 to 2 bags/100 gal *Discontinued; replaced by Protect DF mancozeb + myclobutanil 2 lb/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease. The addition of Latron B-1956 will improve performance. (Clevis, MANhandle) myclobutanil Re-treat at 10- to 14-day intervals. (Eagle) 20EW 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal (Eagle) 40WP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal (Systhane) 40WSP 4 oz/100 gal thiophanate-methyl Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. (AllBan Flo) 10 to 14.5 fl oz (Cleary 3336) F 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal triflumizol (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. SCLEROTINIA BLIGHT (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply as a directed spray at 7- to 21-day intervals. Test for phytotoxicity prior to treating entire crop. Do not exceed 2 oz/100 gal on impatiens, pansy, and violas. chlorothalonil Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply when foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Applications made during (Chlorothalonil DF) See label bloom may damage flowers. (Chlorothalonil 500 ZN) 1.9 pt/100 gal (Chlorothalonil 720 SFT) 1.37 pt/100 gal (Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather Stik, Echo 720, Manicure 6 Flowable) 1 3/8 pt/100 gal (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG 1.4 lb/100 gal (Echo) 90DF, (Echo Ultimate) 1.25 lb/100 gal chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply when both foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Repeat at 7-day intervals. Do not use on Swedish (Spectro) 90WDG ivy, Boston fern, or Easter cactus. fenhexamid (Decree) 50WDG 0.75 to 1.5 lb/100 gal Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Maintain agitation during application. May cause phytotoxicity on poinsettia . PCNB (Terraclor) 75WP See label Apply as a drench or bulb soak according to label directions. pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 20WP 8 to 16 oz/100 gal Use as a preventative treatment. Apply as a banded spray targeted at the foliage or crown of the plant. Apply in sufficient volume to thoroughly wet the foliage, crown, and surrounding substrate for best control. Repeat applications at 7- to 14-day intervals. thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 7.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals. (Cleary 3336) F 8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals. (OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 50WSB 12 to 16 oz/100 gal Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals. (OHP 6672) 4.5L, (T-Storm Flowable) 20 fl oz/100 gal Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. (SysTec 1998) FL 10 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 50WDG 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. THIELAVIOPSIS ROOT ROT: See Black root rot.

Further Information All Disease Notes can be accessed at: www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/Ornamentals/Ornamental_contents.html. Printed copies are also available at each county Cooperative Extension Center.

419 Chapter X — Disease Control

Disease Control for Forest, Christmas, and Ornamental K. L. IVORS, Plant Pathology

TABLE 10-13. DISEASE CONTROL FOR FOREST, CHRISTMAS, AND ORNAMENTAL TREES

CROP Disease Material Rate Method Schedule Remarks ASH

Anthracnose thiophanate-methyl foliar spray Three to four applications at First application at break. (AllBan Flo) 10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal 14-day intervals. (Cleary 3336) 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal chlorothalonil 1.4 lb/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 7 to 14 days when (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 WDG conditions favor disease. metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease. tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease. CRABAPPLE

Fire blight copper See label foliar spray One spray before bud break. Can be phytotoxic after bud break.

streptomycin (Agri-mycin 17) 50 to 100 ppm foliar spray Three to five applications Spray every 10 to 14 days. starting at 20% to 30% bloom. Powdery mildew, rust

metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease. triadimefon (Bayleton) 50 Spray early for rust, as needed for mildew. WSP 5.5 oz/275 to 550 gal foliar spray Every 7 to 14 days. Scab, cedar apple rust, powdery mildew

metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease.

myclobutanil For best control, use a protectant application (Systhane) 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 10 to 14 days. schedule. (Immunox) 1 fl oz/gal Spray every 14 days.

propiconazole (Banner 2 to 8 fl oz/ foliar spray Every 14 to 21 days as Start at bud break. MAXX) 100 gal needed. tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease. CRAPEMYRTLE

Cercospora leaf azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 4 oz/100 gal Spray every 7 to 28 days. spot W horticultural oil (Sun Ultra- See label See label. Fine Spray Oil) metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease. Powdery mildew azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 4 oz/100 gal Preventative sprays at 7- to W 28-day intervals. metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease. myclobutanil (Eagle) 40 WP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal Spray at 10- to 14-day intervals. Root rot cyazofamid (Segway) 3 to 6 fl oz/100 gal soil drench 14 to 21 day intervals using (Phytophthora spp.) another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. fosetyl-AL (Aliette) WDG) 2.5 lb/100 gal dip Before transplanting Thoroughly wet plant and root mass immediately

420 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-13. DISEASE CONTROL FOR FOREST, CHRISTMAS, AND ORNAMENTAL TREES

CROP Disease Material Rate Method Schedule Remarks

2.5 to 5 lb/100 gal foliar (spray 30-day minimum interval before transplanting. to wet) mefenoxam (Subdue MAXX) Seedlings: directed soil Spring and fall (every 6 Apply 0.5 to 1 in. of water after application, if rain is 1.25 pt/50 gal spray over months). not expected within 3 days. 2-0 transplants: beds 2.5 pt/50 gal phosphorous acid (Alude, See label for rates Apply as a FOSPHITE, Reliant) soil drench or foliar spray as a preventive.

CRAPEMYRTLE (continued)

Diplodia tip blight, azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 3.2 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 28 days. To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than Lophodermium WG three sequential applications before rotating with needlecast, Swiss nonstrobilurin products. needlecast

Also see Fraser Fir DOGWOOD

Anthracnose azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 28 days. To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than (Discula) WG three sequential applications before rotating with nonstrobilurin products.

chlorothalonil (Daconil 1.4 lb/100 gal foliar spray Repeat every 7 to 14 days Prune out all diseased . Several applications in Ultrex) 82.5 WDG when conditions favor fall before leaf drop may also be advisable. disease. mancozeb foliar spray Spray every 10 to 14 days Prune out all diseased tissue. Several applications in (Dithane, Fore, Mancozeb 1.5 lb/100 gal from bud break until mid- fall before leaf drop may also be advisable. DG) summer. (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease. myclobutanil Prune out all diseased tissue. Several applications in (Systhane) 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 10 to 14 days. fall before leaf drop may also be advisable. (Immunox) 1 fl oz/gal Spray every 14 days. propiconazole (Banner Spray every 14 to 28 days Prune out all diseased tissue. Several applications in MAXX) 2 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray from bud break to mid- fall before leaf drop may also be advisable. summer. tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease. thiophanate-methyl Spray every 7 to 14 days from Prune out all diseased tissue. Several applications in (AllBan Flo) 10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray bud break to mid- fall before leaf drop may also be advisable. 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal summer. (Cleary 3336) F Powdery mildew azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 28 days as Do not make more than three sequential applications 50 WG needed. of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products to avoid fungicide resistance. See label. metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease. myclobutanil (Eagle) 40 WSP 3.0 oz/50 to100 gal foliar spray Spray every 21 days. (Systhane) 4 oz/100 gal Spray every 10 to 14 days. petroleum distillate: 1 gal/100 gal Spray at 14-day intervals. horticultural oil (Sunspray) 11 E propiconazole (Banner 5 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Spray every 21 days in spring. MAXX) tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease. trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day Follow resistance management information on label. intervals. A nonionic surfactant will improve efficacy. thiophanate-methyl + 2 lb/100 gal Minimum repeat interval is 7 Protective and curative activity. chlorothalonil (Spectro) 90 days. WDG triflumizol (Terraguard) 2 oz/100 gal Make initial application prior to or at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals.

Root rot cyazofamid (Segway) 3 to 6 fl oz/100 gal soil drench 14 to 21 day intervals using (Phytophthora spp.) another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. 421 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-13. DISEASE CONTROL FOR FOREST, CHRISTMAS, AND ORNAMENTAL TREES

CROP Disease Material Rate Method Schedule Remarks

fosetyl-AL (Aliette) WDG) 2.5 lb/100 gal dip Before transplanting 2.5 to 5 lb/100 gal foliar (spray 30-day minimum interval to wet) mefenoxam (Fenox ME, See label. Can be Every 2 to 3 months. FUNGICIDE RESISTANCE IS POSSIBLE. Do not Mefenoxam 2, Subdue applied as a apply rates of 2 fl oz more often than every 10 weeks. MAXX) drench or soil surface spray. Consult label for specific crops and applications.

DOGWOOD (continued)

Root rot phosphorous acid (Alude, See label for rates Apply as a (Phytophthora spp.) FOSPHITE, Reliant) soil drench or continued foliar spray as a preventive. Spot anthracnose azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 28 days as Do not make more than three sequential applications (Elsinoe) WG needed. of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin Septoria leaf spot products to avoid fungicide resistance. See label. mancozeb foliar spray First spray as break in (Dithane, Fore, Mancozeb 1.5 lb/100 gal spring. Second as fall. DG) OR Third in midsummer. 2.5 tsp/gal Fourth when predormant (after flower buds are well (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb formed). myclobutanil (Systhane) 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 10 to 14 days. (Immunox) 1 fl oz/gal Spray every 14 days. tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease. EASTERN CEDAR

Annosus root rot See PINE (Fomes annosus) Phomopsis needle azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 28 days as Do not make more than three sequential applications blight 50 WG needed. of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products to avoid fungicide resistance. See label. thiophanate methyl foliar spray Beginning when disease (AllBan Flo) 14.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal appears or during suspected 12 to 24 fl oz/100 gal periods of disease incidence, (Cleary 3336) F apply every 7 to 14 days. ELM Dutch elm disease All treatments listed must be followed for effective prevention of disease on highly valued trees. (Ophiostoma ulmi) 1. Sanitation—cut down and destroy diseased trees and dead limbs. 2. Elm bark beetle control. 3. SMDC (Vapam)--kills root 1 gal SMCD/ Pour in 1-in. Apply with first appearance of Not closer than 20 ft from healthy tree. Soil grafts 3 gal water diameter disease. temperature above 50o F. Professional applicators 6 oz/hole holes only. 15 in. deep, spaced 6 to 9 in. apart in a line between healthy and diseased trees 4. Systemic chemical See label root flare See label. prevention: injection propiconazole (Alamo) thiabendazole (Arbortect 20S) 5. Therapeutic treatment: See label See label propiconazole (Alamo) thiabendazole (Arbortect) FRASER FIR

Botrytis seedling chlorothalonil (Bravo) 1.5 to 2.75 pt/100 foliar Apply at first sign of disease. Make additional applications to nursery beds at 7- to blight gal/acre 14-day intervals as long as favorable conditions persist. metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease. thiophanate methyl (Cleary 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal foliar Apply at first sign of disease. Tank mix combination with chlorothalonil is 3336) F recommended. Damping-off, mefenoxam (Subdue MAXX) 0.25 fl oz drench Apply at first sign of disease.

422 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-13. DISEASE CONTROL FOR FOREST, CHRISTMAS, AND ORNAMENTAL TREES

CROP Disease Material Rate Method Schedule Remarks postplant + + thiophanate methyl (Cleary 12 fl oz/100 gal 3336) F apply 2 pt/sq ft metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease. Diplodia tip blight, azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 3.2 to 8 fl oz/acre foliar spray Spray every 7 to 28 days. To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than Lophodermium WG IF GROWN AS two sequential applications before rotating with needlecast, Swiss ORNAMENTAL nonstrobilurin products. needlecast azoxystrobin (Quadris) IF 6 to 15.5 fl oz/acre foliar spray Spray every 7 to 21 days To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than GROWN AS CHRISTMAS two sequential applications before rotating with TREE nonstrobilurin products.

FRASER FIR (continued)

Phytophthora root cyazofamid (Segway) 3 to 6 fl oz/100 gal soil drench 14 to 21 day intervals using Irrigate with at least ½ inch of water if rainfall does not rot another registered fungicide occur within 24 hrs. For container plants, check label with a different mode of for recommended maximum drench volume based on action. pot diameter. fosetyl-AL (Aliette WDG) 2.5 lb/100 gal dip Before transplanting Thoroughly wet plant and root mass immediately before transplanting. 2.5 to 5 lb/100 gal/acre foliar (spray 30-day minimum interval Field-grown trees in plantations. to wet) mefenoxam Do not apply to fir growing on bottomlands or poorly drained soils, or near surface water. (Subdue MAXX) 1.5 pt/acre/50 gal/ acre drench MAXX: May and September Seed beds or plug plantings. 2.5 pt/acre/50 gal/acre drench 2-0 transplants. 0.63 to 1.25 gal/50 directed soil Field-grown trees in plantations. gal/acre spray (Subdue GR) 6 to 30 lb/acre uniform GR: once in spring and again Seed beds. granular in fall application 16 to 20 lb/acre uniform 2-0 transplants. granular application 50 to 250 lb/acre uniform Field-grown trees in plantations. Apply 0.5 to 1 inch granular water after application if rain is not expected within 3 application days. phosphorous acid (Alude, See label for rates Apply as a FOSPHITE, Reliant) soil drench or foliar spray as a preventive. HEMLOCK Twig rust triadimefon (Bayleton) 50 5.5 oz/68.75 to 137.5 gal foliar spray Begin at bud break and (Melampsora WSP continue every 14 days until farlowii) growth stops. LEYLAND CYPRESS Needle blight chlorothalonil (Daconil 1.4 lb/100 gal 7 to 10 days intervals Begin scouting last year’s infection sites for (Passalora, Ultrex) sporulation (tufts of olive green spores) in mid-May to Cercosporidium) mid-June. At the first sign of sporulation, make 2 applications of a systemic fungicide at 14-day copper hydroxide (Kocide 0.75 lb/100 gal 7 to 14 day intervals intervals. Follow with 1 or 2 applications of a 2000) protectant fungicide (Daconil, Fore, Kocide, Rainshield) applied at 7-day intervals. In early August, mancozeb (Fore) WSP 1.5 lb/100 gal 7 to 10 day intervals scout trees for new infections. If sporulation is (Rainshield) observed, re-treat with 1 application of a systemic myclobutanil (Systhane) 40 4 oz/100 gal 10 to 14 day intervals fungicide 14 days later with 2 applications of a WSP protectant applied at 7-day intervals. Diplodia tip blight, azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 3.2 to 8 oz/acre foliar spray Spray every 7 to 28 days. To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than Lophodermium WG IF GROWN AS two sequential applications before rotating with needlecast, Swiss ORNAMENTAL nonstrobilurin products. needlecast azoxystrobin (Quadris) IF 6 to 15.5 fl oz/acre foliar spray Spray every 7 to 21 days To avoid fungicide resistance, do not make more than GROWN AS CHRISTMAS two sequential applications before rotating with TREE nonstrobilurin products. Quadris is only for Christmas tree applications. LONGLEAF PINE

Brown spot Bordeaux mixture (copper 60 gal/acre foliar spray Spray at 10- to 14-day (Scirrhia acicola) sulfate, lime, and water 8-8- intervals after emergence of 100) seedlings until July 1. MAPLE

Anthracnose azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Two to three applications at First application at bud break. Do not make more than WG 14 to 28 days. three sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products to avoid fungicide resistance. See label.

metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease. thiophanate methyl foliar spray Three to four applications at Make first application at bud break. (AllBan Flo) 10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal 10- to 14-day intervals. 423 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-13. DISEASE CONTROL FOR FOREST, CHRISTMAS, AND ORNAMENTAL TREES

CROP Disease Material Rate Method Schedule Remarks

(Cleary 3336) F 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal OAK Anthracnose See MAPLE Leaf spot propiconazole (Banner 16 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Apply every 14 to 28 days. Apply as needed. MAXX) Metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease. Wilt propiconazole (Alamo) See label Root flare See label. (Ceratocystis) injection

PINE Annosus root rot Borax, dry granular 1 lb/50 sq ft of stump Sprinkle Immediately after felling tree. To prevent infection from freshly cut stumps. (Fomes annosus) (sodium tetraborate surface OR liberally liberally on decahydrate) cover stump surface fresh-cut stump Fusiform rust triadimefon (Bayleton 50 DF) 4 to 16 oz/acre Begin application before (Cronartium infection. Repeat at 2- to 3- fusiforme) week intervals as needed. Use higher rate in high hazard areas. Phytophthora root cyazofamid (Segway) 3 to 6 fl oz/100 gal soil drench 14 to 21 day intervals using Irrigate with at least ½ inch of water if rainfall does not rot another registered fungicide occur within 24 hrs. For container plants, check label with a different mode of for recommended maximum drench volume based on action. pot diameter. fosetyl-AL (Aliette WDG) 2.5 lb/100 gal dip Before transplanting Thoroughly wet plant and root mass immediately 2.5 to 5 lb/acre foliar (spray 30-day minimum interval before transplanting. to wet) Field-grown trees in plantations. mefenoxam (Fenox ME, See label. Can be Every 2 to 3 months. FUNGICIDE RESISTANCE IS POSSIBLE. Do not Mefenoxam 2, Subdue applied as a apply rates of 2 fl oz more often than every 10 weeks. MAXX) drench or soil surface spray. Consult label for specific crops and applications. phosphorous acid (Alude, See label for rates Apply as a FOSPHITE, Reliant) soil drench or foliar spray as a preventive. SCOTCH and WHITE PINE Needle blight maneb (Pentathlon DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal foliar spray Spray every 7 to 10 days (Lophoderimum August 15 to October 1. pinastri) SYCAMORE Anthracnose chlorothalonil (Daconil 1.4 lb/100 gal foliar spray Spray at budswell and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals Ultrex) 82.5 WDG during cool, moist weather. metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal foliar spray Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease. thiophanate methyl + 4 bags/100 gal foliar spray Spray at budswell and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals mancozeb (Zyban) 70 WSB during cool, moist weather. thiophanate methyl 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal foliar spray Spray at budswell and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals (Cleary 3336) F during cool, moist weather. Powdery mildew See CRABAPPLE

Further Information All the following Plant Pathology Information Notes can be accessed from http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/Ornamental/ornamental_contents.html. Diseases of Leyland Cypress, Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 17. Dutch Elm Disease. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 18. Holly Diseases and Their Control in the Landscape, Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 7. Phytophthora Root Rot and Its Control on Established Woody Ornamentals. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 13. Powdery Mildew of Ornamentals and Shade Trees. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 4. Scorch Disease on Shade Trees, Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 10. Some Common Pecan Diseases and Their Control in North Carolina. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note No. 3. Some Common Pine Diseases in North Carolina Landscapes and Their Control. Plant Pathology Information Note No. 192. Dogwood Diseases. Plant Pathology Information Note No. 23.

424 Chapter X — Disease Control

Commercial Landscape and Nursery Crops Disease Control K. L. IVORS, Extension Specialist, Plant Pathology

TABLE 10-14. COMMERCIAL LANDSCAPE AND NURSERY CROPS DISEASE CONTROL DISEASE Rate of Formulation Pesticide and Formulation (per 100 gallons) Schedule and Remarks ANTHRACNOSE (Colletotrichum, Gleosporium, Elsinoe, Marssonina, Mycosphaerella, and others) azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat every 7 to 28 days. Apply at the first sign of disease. Should not be applied to certain plant species; see label. Do not apply to apple or flowering cherry trees. May cause phytotoxicity on certain crabapple cultivars. See label. chlorothalonil Reapply at 7- to 14-day intervals. (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG 1.4 lb/100 gal (Daconil WeatherStik) 54F 1.375 pt/100 gal chlorothalonil + thiophanate- methyl 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Repeat applications at 7- to 21-day intervals, according to label. See label for maximum seasonal application rules. (Spectro) 90WDG copper hydroxide Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label. (Champ WG) 0.5 lb/100 gal (Nu-Cop) 50DF 1 lb/100 gal Please note that Kocide labels have changed regarding use in ornamentals. Kocide products are only labeled for use (CuPRO 2005) 0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal on conifers in Christmas tree plantings and in silviculture nurseries. copper hydroxide + mancozeb 1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Phytotoxicity may occur. Reapply at 7- to 14-day intervals. (Junction) copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. copper sulfate pentahydrate See label See label. To avoid phytotoxicity, do not use any copper compound on alyssum. (Phyton 27) mancozeb (Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP, 1.5 lb/100 gal Repeat application on 7- to 10-day intervals. Use of a spreader sticker will improve performance. (Mancozeb DG) (Pentathlon LF) 0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal Repeat application on 7- to 10-day intervals. (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Repeat application on 7- to 21-day intervals. Use of a spreader sticker will improve performance. metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease. thiophanate-methyl Apply as buds break or at first sign of disease. Repeat application on 7- to 14-day intervals. (AllBan Flo) 10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal (Cleary 3336) F 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal (SysTec 1998) FL 20 fl oz/100 gal thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb 24 oz (4 bags) /100 gal Apply at 7-day intervals. (Zyban) WSB BACTERIAL LEAF SPOT (Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas) Bacillus subtilis (Rhapsody, Cease) 2 to 8 qt/100 gal Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease. Thorough coverage is essential. Repeat at 7-day intervals. copper hydroxide Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label. (Champ WG) 0.5 lb/100 gal (Nu-Cop) 50DF 1 lb/100 gal Please note that Kocide labels have changed regarding use in ornamentals. Kocide products are only labeled for use (CuPRO 2005) 0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal on conifers in Christmas tree plantings and in silviculture nurseries. copper hydroxide + mancozeb 1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. (Junction) copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. copper sulfate pentahydrate See label (Phyton 27) didecyl dimethyl ammonium 0.06 to 0.38 fl. oz. per Apply starting at week 3 or earlier if conditions are favorable for disease. Use a watering device to sprench the top chloride (KleenGrow) gallon of water and bottom of the leaves and stems, avoiding flowers in full bloom, every 14 days to prevent the spread of spores and the build-up of organic material. Remove severely infected plants and disinfect the area with 1.0 fl. oz. KleenGrow per gallon of water. BLACK ROOT ROT (Thielaviopsis basicola) etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl (Banrot) 8G Broadcast 8 to 12 After application, rake in or lightly cultivate soil. 425 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-14. COMMERCIAL LANDSCAPE AND NURSERY CROPS DISEASE CONTROL DISEASE Rate of Formulation Pesticide and Formulation (per 100 gallons) Schedule and Remarks lb/1,000 sq ft (Banrot) 40W 6 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Irrigate immediately. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals if necessary. Protects against Thielaviopsis and Pythium but is not as effective against Thielaviopsis as thiophanate- methyl-only products that have a higher concentration of active ingredient. fludioxonil (Medallion) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench at transplanting as a preventive. If needed, re-treat transplants 21 to 28 days after initial application. Do not apply as a seed or soil drench to impatiens or New Guinea impatiens. thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 7.5 to 20 oz/100 gal Apply as a heavy spray or drench at the rate of 1/2 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals. (Cleary 3336) F, (3336) F 8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding, or apply 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28- day intervals. (OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 12 to 16 oz/100 gal Apply 1 to 3 pt/sq ft after transplanting to thoroughly soak growing medium. Repeat at 21-to 28-day intervals. 50WSB (SysTec 1998) FL 10 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. (T-Storm Flowable), OHP 6672 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. (4.5L) triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 1 to 4 oz Apply as soil drench at 2- to 4-week intervals. Use higher rate under heavy disease pressure. For use in greenhouses, shadehouses, and nurseries.

BLACK ROT OF BULB CROPS (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) PCNB Spread evenly on soil and mix into upper 6 to 7 in. of soil. (Terraclor) 5 to 9.75 fl oz/100 gal (Revere) 10G 40 lb/sq ft thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 10.75 to 20 oz/100 gal Apply late Spring or at first sign of disease. Repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period. (Cleary 3336) F 8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding, or apply 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28- day intervals. (OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 12 to 16 oz/100 gal Apply late Spring or at first sign of disease. Repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period. 50WSB (SysTec 1998) FL, OHP 6672 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. (4.5L) BLACK SPOT–ROSE (Diplocarpon rosae) Bacillus subtilis (Rhapsody) 2 to 8 qt/100 gal Begin applications when conditions favor disease development, prior to the onset of disease. Thorough coverage is essential. Repeat at 7-day intervals. chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 WDG 1 lb/100 gal Apply at bud break. Repeat applications at 7- to 14-day intervals. (Echo) 90DF 0.875 lb/100 gal tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease. thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 10.75 to 20 oz/100 gal Apply late Spring or at first sign of disease. Repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period. (Cleary 3336) F 8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding, or apply 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28- day intervals. (OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 12 to 16 oz/100 gal Apply late Spring or at first sign of disease. Repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period. 50WSB (SysTec 1998) FL, (T-Storm 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. Flowable), OHP 6672 (4.5L) thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb 24 oz (4 bags)/100 gal Apply at 7-day intervals. (Zyban) WSB BOTRYTIS BLIGHT (GRAY MOLD) Bacillus subtilis (Rhapsody, Cease) 2 to 8 qt/100 gal Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease. Thorough coverage is essential. Repeat at 7-day intervals. chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 1.4 lb/100 gal Repeat applications at 7- to 14-day intervals. fenhexamide (Decree) See label Repeat applications at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than two consecutive applications of product. fludioxonil (Medallion) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Spray to runoff at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than two consecutive applications of Medallion before rotating to another effective product with a different mode of action. iprodione Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Limit total applications to a maximum of 4 per year. (Chipco 26GT) 1 to 2.5 qt/100 gal (18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE) 1 to 2.5 qt/100 gal

mancozeb (Dithane, Fore, 1.5 lb/100 gal Addition of a nonionic surfactant will improve performance. Re-treat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Mancozeb) metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. CYLINDROCLADIUM STEM CANKER OR ROOT ROT chlorothalonil Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to foliage or flowers when plants are dry or nearly dry. (Chlorothalonil DF) See label (Chlorothalonil 500ZN) 1.9 pt/100 gal (Chlorothalonil 720 SFT) 1.37 pt/100 gal (Chlorostar VI, Daconil Weather 1 3/8 pt/100 gal Stik, Echo 720, Manicure 6F) (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5WDG 1.4 lb/100 gal (Echo) 90DF, (Echo Ultimate) 1.25 lb/100 gal (Exotherm Termil) 1 can/1,000 sq ft See label for method of application. chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl 1.0 to 2.15 lb per 100 For best results use spray mixture the same day it is prepared. Spray uniformly over the area to be treated with a (Spectro) 90WDG gallons properly calibrated power sprayer, apply as a full coverage spray to run-off when conditions are favorable for disease 426 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-14. COMMERCIAL LANDSCAPE AND NURSERY CROPS DISEASE CONTROL DISEASE Rate of Formulation Pesticide and Formulation (per 100 gallons) Schedule and Remarks development. fludioxonil (Medallion) 50WSP 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Completely drench the growing medium. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals. Two applications per year when conditions favor disease development are usually adequate for control. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Completely drench the growing medium. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray, as injury may occur. tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease. Not for use in greenhouses. thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 7.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as drench or heavy spray at 0.5 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals. (Cleary 3336) F 8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply 8 oz after seeding or sticking, or 12 to 16 oz after transplanting as a drench or directed spray at a rate that thoroughly soaks the growing media through the root zone. Repeat every 21 to 28 days. (OHP-6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 12 to 16 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 3 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 21- to 28-day intervals. 50WSB (SysTec 1998) FL 10 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. (T-Storm Flowable), (OHP 6672) 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a drench or heavy spray at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. 4.5L triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W See label Can be used as a cutting soak or soil drench.

DAYLILY LEAF STREAK (Aureobasidium microstictum) chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 1.4 lb/100 gal Apply early in the spring as new growth emerges and before disease symptoms appear. Make three to four 82.5WDG applications at 14-day intervals. mancozeb Apply early in the spring as new growth emerges and before disease symptoms appear. Make three to four (Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP 1.5 lb/100 gal applications at 14-day intervals. (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336) F 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply early in the spring as new growth emerges and before disease symptoms appear. Make three to four applications at 14-day intervals. DAYLILY RUST (Puccinia hemerocallidis) Alternately apply a systemic fungicide from Category 1 with a protective fungicide from Category 2 to protect new foliage as it emerges. Re-treat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Category 1 Systemics azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal flutolanil (Contrast) 3 oz/100 gal triadimefon (Bayleton) 1 PVA packet/550 to Bayleton cannot be used on plants being grown for sale or other commercial use. 1,100 gal (Strike) 25 WDG 4 oz/100 gal Strike is for commercial greenhouse and nursery use only. trifloxystrobin (Compass) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Category 2 Protectants chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 1.4 lb/100 gal mancozeb (Fore) 1.5 lb/100 gal DOWNY MILDEW (Bremia, Pseudoperonospora, Peronospora, Plasmopara spp.) azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 14 days prior to infection. Do not apply 2-oz rate on less than 14-day intervals. May damage (bedding plants) snapdragons; use 1 oz rate and rotate. Apply every 7 to 21 days on rose during periods of active plant growth and 2 to 4 oz/100 gal (rose) prior to dormancy. copper hydroxide Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label. To (Champ WG) 0.5 lb/100 gal avoid phytotoxicity, do not use any copper compound on alyssum. (Nu-Cop) 50DF 1 lb/100 gal (CuPRO 2005) 0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal Please note that Kocide labels have changed regarding use in ornamentals. Kocide products are only labeled for use on conifers in Christmas tree plantings and in silviculture nurseries. copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. copper sulfate pentahydrate See label See label. To avoid phytotoxicity, do not use any copper compound on alyssum. (Phyton 27) cyazofamid (Segway) 2.1 to 3.5 fl oz/100 gal Apply on 14 to 21 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre). dimethomorph (Stature DM) 6.4 to 12.8 oz/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease. Apply to obtain complete coverage of flowers, foliage, and stems. Repeat at 10- to 14- day intervals throughout the production cycle. For use on greenhouse and nursery-grown ornamentals. dimethomorph + ametoctradin 11 to 14 fl oz/100 gal Apply on 10 to 14 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply sufficient (Orvego) volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre). fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 80WDG 1.25 to 4 lb/100 gal Systemic. Apply prior to disease development. Repeat as necessary, but do not make more than one application (bedding plants) every 14 days. 2.5 lb/100 gal (roses) mancozeb (Dithane) 75 DF 1.5 lb/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Reapply in 7 to 21 days. mandipropamid (Micora) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal This product can also be used on vegetables sold to the retail market in GH with permanent flooring. Apply prior to 427 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-14. COMMERCIAL LANDSCAPE AND NURSERY CROPS DISEASE CONTROL DISEASE Rate of Formulation Pesticide and Formulation (per 100 gallons) Schedule and Remarks disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. phosphorous acid (Alude, Reliant) See label Apply prior to disease development. Spray to thoroughly wet all foliage. Repeat at 14- to 21-day intervals. potassium phosphite (Vital) 4 pt/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray prior to disease onset, and repeat at 14-day intervals. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to 18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb 24 oz (4 bags)/100 gal Apply at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7-day intervals. (Zyban) WSB Entomosporium Leaf Blight azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50WDG 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Spray at budbreak, and repeat at 7- to 28-day intervals as needed. To avoid fungicide resistance, make no more than three sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products. chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 1.4 lb/100 gal Begin applications at budbreak, and continue every 7 to 14 days. WDG chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Spray at a minimum of 7-day intervals. Apply when foliage is dry. (Spectro 90) myclobutanil Spray every 10 to 14 days. (Eagle) 20EW 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal (Eagle) 40WP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal (Systhane) 40 WSP 4 oz/100 gal triadimefon In early spring as growth starts, spray every 14 to 21 days until growth is fully expanded. May be phototoxic with (Bayleton) 50WSP 1 PVA packet/137.5 to repeated applications. Bayleton is not for plants offered for sale or other commercial use. 275 gal (Strike) 25WDG 8 to 16 oz/100 gal Fireblight (Erwinia amylovora) copper hydroxide Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label. (Champ WG) 0.5 lb/100 gal (Nu-Cop) 50DF 1 lb/100 gal Please note that Kocide labels have changed regarding use in ornamentals. Kocide products are only labeled for use (CuPRO 2005 0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal on conifers in Christmas tree plantings and in silviculture nurseries. copper hydroxide + mancozeb 1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal See label for timing of application. (Junction) copper sulfate pentahydrate See label See label. To avoid phytotoxicity, do not use any copper compound on alyssum. (Phyton 27) fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 2.5 lb/100 gal See label for timing of application. streptomycin sulfate (Agri-mycin 0.5 lb/100 gal See label. 17) Flower Blight. See Blight. Fungal Leaf Spots (Alternaria, Cercospora, Cylindrosporium, Phyllosticta, Septoria) Consult product labels for specific fungi controlled azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat every 7- to 28-days. Apply at the first sign of disease as new growth buds out. chlorothalonil Reapply at 7- to 14-day intervals. (Daconil Ultrex) 1.4 lb/100 gal (Daconil WeatherStik) 1.375 pt/100 gal chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Repeat applications at 7- to 21-day intervals depending on plant treated; see label. (Spectro) 90WDG copper hydroxide Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label. (Champ WG) 0.5 lb/100 gal (Nu-Cop) 50DF 1 lb/100 gal Please note that Kocide labels have changed regarding use in ornamentals. Kocide products are only labeled for use (CuPRO 2005) 0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal on conifers in Christmas tree plantings and in silviculture nurseries. copper hydroxide + mancozeb 1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Reapply at 7- to 14-day intervals. (Junction) copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. copper sulfate pentahydrate See label (Phyton 27) mancozeb Repeat application at 7- to 10-day intervals. Addition of a spreader sticker will improve performance. (Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP, 1.5 lb/100 gal Mancozeb DG) 1.2 qt/100 gal (Pentathlon LF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal (Protect DF) metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease myclobutanil Apply as a protectant every 10 to 14 days. (Eagle) 40WP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal (Systhane) 40WSP 4 oz/100 gal pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 8 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia, or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper, or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Begin applications 14 to 21 days prior to when disease is expected, or at very first sign of disease. thiophanate-methyl Apply at first sign of disease. Repeat application at 7- to 14-day intervals. (AllBan Flo) 10 to 14.5 fl oz/100 gal (Cleary’s 3336) F 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal (SysTec 1998) FL 20 fl oz/100 gal (Zyban) WSB 24 oz (4 bags) /100 gal

428 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-14. COMMERCIAL LANDSCAPE AND NURSERY CROPS DISEASE CONTROL DISEASE Rate of Formulation Pesticide and Formulation (per 100 gallons) Schedule and Remarks triadimefon (Bayleton, Strike) See label Fusarium root and crown rot azoxystrobin (Heritage) Directed spray: 1 to 4 Repeat every 7 to 21 days. oz/100 gal Drench: 0.2 to 0.9 oz/100 Apply 1 to 2 pt of solution per sq ft every 7 to 28 days. gal fludioxonil (Medallion) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Wet entire medium. Reapply at 21- to 28-day intervals. May cause phytotoxicity when applied to impatiens, New Guinea impatiens, and geraniums. thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 7.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as drench or heavy spray after transplanting. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. For preventative control, (Cleary’s 3336) G 22 to 30 lb/1,000 sq ft incorporate into media prior to planting or as a broadcast, or make an over the top application after seeding or transplanting. For curative control, apply when disease first appears. Repeat every 21 to 28 days.

(Cleary 3336) F Drench: 8 to 16 fl oz/100 Apply after seeding or transplanting at a rate to thoroughly soak growing medium. Repeat every 21 to 28 days. gal (SysTec 1998) FL 10 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as drench or heavy spray after transplanting. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia, or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper, or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply soil drenches at weekly intervals. Use higher rate under heavy disease pressure. GRAY MOLD. See Botrytis Blight.

IRIS LEAF SPOT (Didymellina macrosopora/Mycosphaerella macrospora) azoxystrobin (Heritage) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply every 7 to 21 days. chlorothalonil Apply to new growth at 7- to 14-day intervals in spring. (Daconil Ultrex) 1.4 lb/100 gal (Daconil WeatherStik) 1.375 pt/100 gal mancozeb (Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP, 1.5 lb/100 gal Addition of a spreader sticker will improve performance. Mancozeb DG) (Pentathlon LF) 0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal Repeat applications on 7- to 10-day intervals. (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals. myclobutanil (Eagle) 20EW 12 fl oz/100 gal (Eagle) 40WP 6 oz/100 gal (Systhane) WSP 8 oz/100 gal Apply on a 10- to 14-day schedule to new growth in spring. pyraclostrobin (Insignia) 20WP 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Use preventively beginning when conditions favor infection, prior to disease development. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or, wintercreeper, or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. KABATINA TWIG BLIGHT thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336) F 16 to 24 fl oz/100 gal Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Disease not easily controlled. Fall applications may reduce disease the following year. LEAF AND FLOWER GALL (Exobasidium ssp.) triadimefon Begin applications at bud break, and apply at 10-day intervals. Bayleton cannot be used on plants grown for sale or (Bayleton) 50WSP 1 PVA packet (11 oz/550 other commercial use. Strike is for use in commercial nurseries, centers, and greenhouses only. gal) (Strike) 25W 4 oz/100 gal ferbam (Granuflo) 1 to 1.5 lb/100 gal Apply to plants, flowers, and litter around plants at 3- to 4-day intervals during bloom. PETAL OR FLOWER BLIGHT OF AZALEA, RHODODENDRON, OR CAMELLIA (Ovulinia ssp., Ciborinia camelliae, Sclerotinia camelliae) mancozeb Beginning when flowers start to show color, spray two or three times each week during bloom. Direct spray into (Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP, 1.5 lb/100 gal flowers and thoroughly spray ground under bushes. Mancozeb DG) (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal myclobutanil Beginning when flowers start to show color, spray every 10 to 14 days. (Eagle) 40WP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal (Systhane) 40WSP 4 oz/100 gal propiconazole (Banner MAXX) 5 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Spray every 21 days during bloom. tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply 2 to 3 times per week into the flowers as they open and develop. thiophanate-methyl Apply as flowers open. Repeat every 7 to 14 days. (AllBan Flo) 10.75 to 20 oz/100 gal (Cleary 3336) F 8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal (OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 8 to 16 oz/100 gal 50WSB (SysTec 1998) FL, (T-Storm 20 fl oz/100 gal Flowable), OHP 6672 (4.5L) triadimefon Make one application as first flower buds show color. Spray later varieties as they show color at 7- to 14-day (Bayleton) 50WSP PVA packet (11 oz/137.5 intervals. to 275 gal) Bayleton cannot be used on plants being grown for sale or other commercial use. Strike is for use in commercial (Strike) 25WDG 8 to 16 oz/100 gal nurseries, garden centers, and greenhouses only. PHOMOPSIS TWIG BLIGHT azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply at the first sign of disease, as new growth buds out. Repeat every 7 to 28 days. mancozeb (Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP, 1.5 lb/100 gal Addition of a spreader sticker will improve performance. Repeat application on 7- to 10-day intervals. 429 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-14. COMMERCIAL LANDSCAPE AND NURSERY CROPS DISEASE CONTROL DISEASE Rate of Formulation Pesticide and Formulation (per 100 gallons) Schedule and Remarks Mancozeb DG) (Pentathlon LF) 0.8 to 1.6 qt/100 gal (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal propiconazole (Banner MAXX) 5 to 8 fl oz/100 gal For junipers, make first application as soon as new growth is observed. Repeat application every 14 to 21 days during period of active plant growth. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 8 to12 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia, or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper, or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 14.5 to 20 fl oz/100 gal Repeat at 10- to 14-day intervals. 16 to 24 fl oz/100 gal (Cleary 3336) F 24 oz/100 gal Apply when symptoms first appear. Re-treat every 7 to 14 days as needed during disease period. (T-Storm) 50WSB 20 fl oz /100gal Apply in spring; repeat every 7 to 10 days. (SysTec 1998) FL, (T-Storm Flowable), OHP 6672 (4.5L) thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb 6 bags (36 oz/75 gal) Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals. (Zyban) PHYTOPHTHORA AND PYTHIUM ROOT ROT cyazofamid (Segway) 3 to 6 fl oz/100 gal Apply at 14 to 21 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different mode of action. Irrigate with at least ½ inch of water if rainfall does not occur within 24 hrs. For container plants, check label for recommended maximum drench volume based on pot diameter. dipotassium phosphonate + 256 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a soil drench or foliar spray as a preventative. dipotassium phosphate (Biophos) dimethomorph (Stature DM) 50W 6.4 to 12.8 oz/100 gal Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals through production cycle. When applied as a drench, use enough solution to wet root zone of the plant. No more than two applications of Stature DM can be applied consecutively in a crop. Not effective on Pythium root rot. PHYTOPHTHORA AND PYTHIUM ROOT ROT (continued) dimethomorph + ametoctradin 11 to 14 fl oz NOT LABELED FOR PYTHIUM. Apply on 10 to 14 day intervals using another registered fungicide with a different (Orvego) mode of action. Apply sufficient volume to wet all foliage until runoff (normally 50 to 100 gallons per acre). etridiazole (Truban) 30WP 3 to 10 oz/100 gal/400 sq Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Water in immediately after application. Repeat at 4- to 12-week ft intervals. (Terrazole) 35WP 3.5 to 10 oz/100 gal etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Irrigate immediately with additional water equal to at least half (Banrot) 40WP 6 to 12 oz/100 gal the volume of the fungicide drench. Re-treat at 4- to 12-week intervals. For use in nursery crops. See label. (Banrot) 8G See label fluopicolide (Adorn) 1 to 4 fl oz/100 gal MUST ALWAYS BE TANK MIXED WITH THE LABEKED RATE OF ANOTHER FUNGIIDE WITH A DIFFERENT MODE OF ACTION. Apply before disease development. Use higher rate when treating plants with high potential for disease. Reapply after 14 to 28 days. fosetyl-Al (Aliette) 80WP See label Can be applied as a preventative foliar or drench application. Can be incorporated into the soil for control of Phytophthora species. mandipropamid (Micora) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal This product can also be used on vegetables sold to the retail market in GH with permanent flooring. Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. mefenoxam (Fenox ME, See label Can be applied as a drench or soil surface spray. Consult label for specific crops and applications. Repeat at 2- to 3- Mefenoxam 2, Subdue MAXX) month intervals. Do not apply rates of 1.25 fl oz per 100 gal more often than every 3 months. phosphorous acid (Alude, See label for rates Apply as a soil drench or foliar spray as a preventive. FOSPHITE, Reliant) potassium phosphite (Vital) See label Apply as a soil drench or foliar spray as a preventive. propamocarb (Banol) See label Do not use for field-grown ornamentals. POWDERY MILDEW azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50WDG 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply only as a preventive. Spray every 7 to 28 days as needed. To avoid fungicide resistance, make no more than two sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products. Do not apply to apple, flowering cherry, or crabapple. See label. Bacillus subtilis (Rhapsody, Cease) 2 to 8 qt/100 to 300 gal Begin applications when conditions favor disease development prior to the onset of disease. Thorough coverage is essential. Repeat at 3- to 10-day intervals. chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 1.4 lb/100 gal Spray at 7- to 14-day intervals. Applications made during bloom may damage flowers. WDG copper octanoate (Camelot O) 0.5-2.0 gal/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Camelot O may cause copper toxicity on some plant species. copper sulfate pentahydrate See label (Phyton 27) metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease myclobutanil Apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. (Eagle) 20EW 8 fl oz/100 gal (Eagle) 40WP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal (Systhane) 40WSP 4 oz/100 gal potassium bicarbonate (Kaligreen) 1 to 3 lb/100 gal Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals. propiconazole (Banner MAXX) 5 to 12 fl oz/100 gal See label for appropriate rate and application intervals. For application in field nurseries and landscape plantings. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 6 to12 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply every 14 for a total of three applications at the first sign of disease. thiophanate-methyl 430 Chapter X — Disease Control

TABLE 10-14. COMMERCIAL LANDSCAPE AND NURSERY CROPS DISEASE CONTROL DISEASE Rate of Formulation Pesticide and Formulation (per 100 gallons) Schedule and Remarks (AllBan Flo) 10 to 20 oz/100 gal Apply when disease first appears and repeat every 7-14 days. Rotations with other effective products are (Cleary 3336) F 12 to 24 fl oz/100 gal recommended. (OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 8 to 16 oz/100 gal Apply when disease first appears and repeat every 7-14 days. Rotations with other effective products are 50WSB recommended. Apply when disease first appears and repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period. (SysTec 1998) FL 10 fl oz/100 gal Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. (T-Storm Flowable), OHP 6672 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. (4.5L) thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb 24 oz (4 bags) /100 gal Apply at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7-day intervals. (Zyban) WSB triadimefon Spray as needed. Bayleton cannot be used on plants for sale or other commercial use. Strike is for greenhouse and (Bayleton) 50WSP 1 PVA packet (11 oz/550 nursery use only. to 1,100 gal) (Strike) 25WDG 2 to 4 oz/100 gal trifloxystrobin (Compass O) 2 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply to point of drip before disease is detected. Apply at 7- to 14-day intervals. Rotate to another nonstrobilurin product after each application. RHIZOCTONIA AERIAL BLIGHT (Rhizoctonia solani) chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 1.4 lb/100 gal Spray to runoff. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals until conditions no longer favor disease. fludioxinil (Medallion) 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Spray to runoff. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals until conditions no longer favor disease. flutolanil 3 to 12 oz/100 gal Apply at 14- to 21-day intervals. (Contrast) 70WSP (Prostar) 70WP iprodione Spray plants to ensure thorough coverage Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not make more than four applications (Chipco 26019 N/G) 1.0 to 2.5 qt/100 gal per crop per year. (18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE) 1.0 to 2.5 qt/100 gal

RHIZOCTONIA AERIAL BLIGHT (Rhizoctonia solani) continued polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5 1.1 to 2.2 lb/100 gal Apply as a foliar spray every 7 to 10 days. Apply prior to disease development and when conditions are conducive for WP) disease. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336) F 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply when disease symptoms first appear. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals during disease period. triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Make initial application prior to or at first sign of disease. Use the higher rate under heavy disease pressure. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. RHIZOCTONIA STEM AND ROOT ROT (Rhizoctonia solani) azoxystrobin (Heritage) 50WDG directed spray: 1 to 4 Apply as a directed spray every 7 to 21 days as needed. To avoid fungicide resistance, make no more than three oz/100 gal sequential applications of Heritage before rotating with nonstrobilurin products. drench: 0.2 to 0.9 oz/100 Apply 1 to 2 pt of solution per sq ft surface area every 7 to 28 days as a preventative drench treatment. Do not gal exceed 2 oz/100 gal on impatiens or pansy. chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Retreat at 7-day intervals. Apply as a spray only. Do not apply more than once to green or variegated Pittosporum (Spectro) 90WDG due to risk of phytotoxicity. Apply when foliage is dry. etridiazole + thiophanate-methyl 16 to 12 oz/400 sq ft Apply in sufficient volume to saturate the soil mixture. Irrigate immediately. Repeat at 4- to 12-week intervals if (Banrot) 40W necessary. fludioxonil (Medallion) 50W 1 to 2 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench at seeding or transplanting. Apply sufficient mix to wet the upper one-half of the growing medium. Make only one application to seedling crop. If needed, re-treat transplants 21 to 28 days after initial application. Do not apply as a seed or soil drench to impatiens or New Guinea impatiens. May cause stunting or chlorosis on some geranium cultivars. See label for maximum amounts that can be applied per year. flutolanil 3 to 6 oz/100 gal Apply drench according to label. Repeat 21 to 28 days after initial application. Make no more than four applications (Contrast) 70WSP per year to ornamental plantings. (Prostar) 70WP iprodione Apply 1 to 2 pints per sq ft at seeding or transplanting. Do not apply as a drench on impatiens or pothos. Repeat every 14 days. Do not make more than six applications per year. Do not use on Spathiphyllum. (Chipco 26019 N/G) 6.5 oz/100 gal (18 Plus, Iprodione Pro 2SE) 13 fl oz/100 gal metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease PCNB (Terraclor) 75WP 4 to 8 oz/100 gal See label for amount to apply. One repeat application can be made 4 to 6 weeks later, if necessary. polyoxin D zinc salt (Endorse 2.5 1.1 to 2.2 lb/100 gal/acre Apply as a foliar spray every 7 to 10 days. Apply as a drench every 14 to 28 days. WP) pyraclostrobin (Insigna) 20 WP 8 to 16 oz/100 gal Use as a preventive treatment. Drench to obtain thorough coverage and wetting of root zone, crown and base of plant, and surrounding growth media. Do not expose wintercreeper, nine bark, flowering impatiens, or pentunias to spray or drift as injury may occur. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. thiophanate-methyl (AllBan Flo) 7.5 to 20 oz/100 gal Repeat at 4- to 8-week intervals. (Cleary 3336) F 8 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply as a soil drench or directed spray to thoroughly soak growing media through the root zone after seeding or transplanting at 21- to 28-day interval. (OHP-6672) 50WP 12 to 16 oz/100 gal Apply 1 to 3 pt/sq ft after transplanting to thoroughly soak growing medium. Repeat every 21 to 28 days. trifloxystrobin (Compass) 0.5 oz/100 gal Apply as a drench to wet upper half of the growing media. Apply at seeding, transplanting, and at 21- to 28-day intervals thereafter. May injure petunia, violet, and New Guinea impatiens. triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 4 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply as soil drench at 2- to 4-week intervals. Use higher rate under heavy disease pressure. RUST (Also see Daylily Rust.)

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TABLE 10-14. COMMERCIAL LANDSCAPE AND NURSERY CROPS DISEASE CONTROL DISEASE Rate of Formulation Pesticide and Formulation (per 100 gallons) Schedule and Remarks azoxystrobin (Heritage) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Apply at 7- to 28-day intervals. Do not make more than three sequential applications of Heritage before alternating commercial rose with a nonstrobilurin fungicide. Should not be applied to certain plant species; see label. production: 1.6 to 8 oz chlorothalonil Apply when foliage and flowers are dry. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Apply to hydrangea foliage only. Avoid (Daconil Ultrex) 1.4 lb/100 gal; 1 lb for application during bloom period on plants where flower injury is unacceptable. roses (Echo) 90DF 1.4 lb/100 gal; 0.875 oz for roses chlorothalonil + thiophanate-methyl 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply when foliage and flowers are dry, or nearly dry. Re-treat at 7-day intervals. Do not exceed 50.6 lb per acre (Spectro) 90 during one season for field-grown ornamentals. flutolanil (Contrast) 70 WSP 3 to 6 oz/100 gal Repeat at 14- to 21-day intervals. mancozeb Begin at first sign of disease. (Dithane, Mancozeb) 1.5 lb/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. (Protect DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals. To improve performance, add 2 to 4 oz of a spreader-sticker. metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease myclobutanil Apply on a protectant application schedule at 10- to 14-day intervals. (Eagle 40WP) 3 to 6 oz/100 gal (Eagle 20WE 6 to 12 oz/100 gal (Systhane) 40WSP 4 oz/100 gal neem oil (Triact 70) 1 gal/100 to 200 gal Apply at 7- to 14-day spray intervals. Trial first on open blooms. To control existing disease, apply on a 7-day See label schedule until disease pressure is eliminated. Not for impatiens, carnation, or hibiscus. propiconazole (Banner MAXX) See label See label. Do not use in greenhouses. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur.

RUST (Also see Daylily Rust.) continued tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply every 14 for a total of three applications at the first sign of disease. thiophanate-methyl For use on crabapples. Do not use treated crabapples for food. (AllBan Flo) 10.75 to 20 oz/100 gal Apply late Spring or at first sign of disease. Repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period. (Cleary 3336) F 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Apply 8 oz as a drench or directed spray after seeding, or apply 12 to 16 oz after transplanting. Repeat at 21- to 28- day intervals. (OHP 6672) 50WP, (T-Storm) 12 to 16 oz/100 gal Apply late Spring or at first sign of disease. Repeat every 7-14 days as needed during disease period. 50WSB OHP 6672 (4.5L) 20 fl oz/100 gal Apply as heavy spray or drench at a rate of 1 to 2 pints per sq ft. Repeat at 2- to 4-week intervals. thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb See label For use on crabapples. (Zyban) WSB triadimefon See label Spray to the point of drip as needed. See label for spray interval. (Bayleton) Bayleton is not for use on plants being grown for sale. (Strike) triflumizole (Terraguard) 50W 2 to 8 oz/100 gal Apply prior to, or at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Scab (Cladosporium, Fusicladium, Spilocea, Venturia) mancozeb (Dithane, Fore, 1.5 lb/100 gal Begin spraying at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Mancozeb) metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease myclobutanil (Systhane) 40WSP 4 oz/100 gal Spray every 10 to 14 days. propiconazole (Banner MAXX) See label See label. Do not use in greenhouses. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 6 to12 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. thiophanate-methyl Spray at bud break. Repeat three to four times at 7- to 14-day intervals. (AllBan Flo) 10.75 to 20 fl oz/100 gal (Cleary 3336) F 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal (SysTec 1998) FL 20 fl oz/100 gal thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb 24 oz (4 bags) Repeat at 7-day intervals. (Zyban) WSB SCLEROTINIA STEM ROT (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 1.4 lb/100 gal Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals when conditions favor disease. WDG metconazole (Tourney) 1 to 4 oz/100 gal Repeat in 14 to 28 days when conditions favor disease PCNB (Revere) 10G 20 lb/1,000 sq ft Apply 1 wk prior to planting; spread on soil surface and mix into soil at a 4-in. depth. (Terraclor) 75W 6 to 12 fl oz/100 gal See label for amount to apply. One repeat application may be made 4 to 6 weeks later. pyraclostrobin + boscalid (Pageant) 12 to18 oz/100 gal Apply prior to disease development. Repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. Make no more than two sequential applications. Do not expose petunia or impatiens in flower or wintercreeper or nine bark to spray or drift as injury may occur. SHOT HOLE (Blumeriella, Coccomyces fungal and bacterial) copper hydroxide + mancozeb 1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease. Repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. (Junction) mancozeb 1 to 2 lb/100 gal (Pentathlon DF) Begin applications at first sign of disease. Apply at 7- to 10-day intervals. (Protect DF) Begin applications at first sign of disease. Apply at 7- to 21-day intervals. thiophanate-methyl (Cleary 3336) F 12 to 16 fl oz/100 gal Begin when disease first appears, and repeat every 7 to 14 days.

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TABLE 10-14. COMMERCIAL LANDSCAPE AND NURSERY CROPS DISEASE CONTROL DISEASE Rate of Formulation Pesticide and Formulation (per 100 gallons) Schedule and Remarks SOUTHERN STEM BLIGHT (Sclerotium rolfsii) azoxystrobin (Heritage) directed spray: 1 to 4 Apply every 7 to 21 days. Can be used in outdoor nurseries, retail nurseries, residential and commercial landscape oz/100 gal areas. drench: 0.2 to 0.9 oz/100 Apply 1 to 2 pt solution per square foot surface area every 7 to 28 days, prior to infection. Apply to container-grown gal ornamentals only. flutolanil 3 to 6 oz/100 gal Drench at 21- to 28-day intervals. Uses 1 pt per sq ft or 2 pt for depths greater than 4 in. See label for container (Contrast) 70WSP rates. For use in outdoor container and field-grown stock. Make no more than 4 applications per year to nursery (Prostar) 70WP ornamental plantings. PCNB (Terraclor) 75WP 3.25 to 6.5 lb/1,000 sq ft Apply in sufficient water to ensure uniform ground coverage prior to planting, and thoroughly incorporate to a depth of 6 to 7 in. For use in nursery and landscape plantings. tebuconazole (Torque) 4 to 8 fl oz/100 gal Apply every 14 for a total of three applications at the first sign of disease. VOLUTELLA BLIGHT chlorothalonil (Daconil Ultrex) 82.5 WDG 1.4 lb/100 gal (Daconil WeatherStik) 1.375 pt/100 gal Reapply at 7- to 14-day intervals. copper hydroxide Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. Do not tank mix copper formulations with Aliette. Avoid contact with metal surfaces. Discoloration of blooms may occur on certain plant varieties- check label. (Champ WG) 0.5 lb/100 gal (Nu-Cop) 50DF 1 lb/100 gal (CuPRO 2005) 0.75 to 2.0 lb/100 gal copper hydroxide + mancozeb 1.5 to 3.5 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 14-day intervals. (Junction) copper sulfate pentahydrate See label See label. To avoid phytotoxicity, do not use any copper compound on alyssum. (Phyton 27)

VOLUTELLA BLIGHT (continued) mancozeb (Dithane) 75 DF, (Fore) 80 WSP, 2.0 lb/50 gal/5,000 sq ft Start at first sign of disease, and apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. Mancozeb DG) of bed (Pentathlon LF) 0.8 to 1.6 pt/100 gal Use a drenching spray. Start at first sign of disease, and apply at 10- to 14-day intervals. (Pentathlon DF) 1 to 2 lb/100 gal Begin at first sign of disease, and repeat at 7- to 10-day intervals. (Protect DF) 3 to 4 lb/100 gal/10,000 Use a drenching spray. Start at first sign of disease, and apply at least 5 applications at 10- to 14-day intervals. sq ft of bed thiophanate-methyl + mancozeb 24 oz (4 bags)/100 gal Apply at 7-day intervals while disease is prevalent. (Zyban) WSB

Further Information Boxwood blight links http://plantpath.cals.ncsu.edu/ornamentals All Plant Pathology Disease Notes for Ornamentals can be accessed from http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/Ornamental/ornamental_contents.html. Holly Diseases and Their Control in the Landscape. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 7, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/oldnotes/od7.htm Nematodes and Their Control in Woody Ornamentals in the Landscape. Plant Pathology Information Note 63, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/oldnotes/no63.htm Phytophthora Root Rot and Its Control on Established Woody Ornamentals. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 13, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/oldnotes/odin13/od13.htm Rose Diseases and Their Control in the Home Garden. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 2, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/Ornamental/odin002/odin002.htm Juniper Diseases. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 15, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/oldnotes/od15.htm Entomosporium Leaf Spot on Redtip. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 11, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/Ornamental/odin011/odin011.htm Rhododendron Diseases. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 12, http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/pp/notes/oldnotes/od12.htm Azalea Diseases. Plant Pathology Ornamental Disease Information Note 16.

Copies of these publications are available from your local Cooperative Extension Center

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