Biological Forum — An International Journal, 2(1): 1-5(2010) ISSN : 0975-1130

Checklist of associated with Jamun (Syzygium cuminii Skeels) from

Rajesh Kumar*, V.V. Ramamurthy* and Gaurav Sharma** *Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus New Delhi INDIA **Desert Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Post-Jhalamand, Pali Road, Jodhpur (RJ) INDIA

ABSTRACT : Jamun (Syzygium cuminii Skeels) is an economically important tree in India, which also has medicinal properties. The survey of insects associated with Jamun in India was conducted and approximately 300 specimens belonging to five orders were collected, which comprises of 78 species mainly representing two orders i.e., (34 species) and Hemiptera (26 species). The salient details of their locality, feeding behaviour and pest status have also been provided. Keywords : Syzygium cuminii, associated insects, India

INTRODUCTION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Jamun, L. (Myrtaceae) is a very Survey-cum-collection study on insects associated with common, large evergreen tree of Indian subcontinent. The jamun in India were undertaken covering thirteen states/union synonyms of S. cumini L. are : Eugenia cumini (L.) Druce, territories namely Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Eugenia jambolana Lam., Myrtus cumini L., Syzygium Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, jambolanum DC. Common names are plum, black plum, Maharashtra, Punjab, Arunachal Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, jambul and Indian blackberry. Its distribution range starts Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. The ’s records on from and extends up to Afghanistan. It grows Jamun available in the National Pusa Collection, Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New naturally in tropical as well as in sub-tropical zones. It is Delhi have also been incorporated. Seventy eight insect generally cultivated in India. It tends to grow an umbrella species have been recorded representing order and their like crown having dense foliage, thus gives pleasant cool species i.e., Hemiptera (26 species), Coleoptera (8 species), shade during summer. Jamun is used as a carminative, Diptera (5 species), Lepidoptera (34 species), Thysanoptera against diarrhea, stomachache, astringent and also utilized (6 species). Among these, the Lepidoptera (34) shows the in enlargement of the spleen and as a diuretic. The leaves highest number of species, the Diptera (5) shows that the have antibacterial properties and the bark is utilized against least number of species (Table 1). inflammations, while the seeds have antidiabetic properties. The following sixteen species have been added from There are lot of major and minor pests which infest leaves, the records in National Pusa Collection (Insects) i.e., flowers, fruits, seeds and barks, but the perusal of literature Hemiptera-5 (Balocha maldanadoi kameswara Rao & reveals that there is no consolidated account available on Ramakrishnan, Wiloatma bifurcate Webb, Balocha tricolor the insects associated with jamun in India except a major Distant, Balocha anufrievi, Rao & Ramakrishnan contribution was made by Butani (1979). In this paper, an (Cicadellidae); Dictyophara pallida Walker (Fulgoridae)); attempt has been made to provide the current status, nature Lepidoptera-6 (Hygroplasta spoliatella Walker of damage, pest status, hosts, updated classification of (Lecithoceridae); Cania pulligonis Swinhoe (Limacodidae); insects associated with jamun in India. Phlegetonia delatrix Guenée, Catephia mosara Swinhoe (Noctuidae); Bubonoxena ephippias Meyrick, Strepsicrates MATERIALS AND METHODS rhothia, Meyrick (); Diptera-4 (Bactrocera caudata Insects were collected in the field with aspirator, Fabricius, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett (Tephritidae) manually and aerial sweep net and at night with the help of Bactrocera diversa (Coquillett), Bactrocera tau (Walker) light trap. The insects were killed by using tetrachloro ethane (Tephritidae)), Coleoptera-1 (Scymnus scymnus gracilis or ethyl acetate or benzene. These were stretched, pinned, Motschulsky (Coccinellidae)). Two species have recorded labeled, identified, preserved in the wooden collection boxes as new record from Indian Agricultural Research Institute, and deposited in the National Pusa Collection, Division of Campus, New Delhi viz., Bruchidius minutissimus Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Motschulsky (Coleoptera : Bruchidae) and Noctuides sp. (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae). Photographs of Carea subtilis Delhi. The collected / reference specimens preserved in the Walker (Nolidae) (Figs. 1,2), Noctuides sp. (Figs. 3,4) and National Pusa Collection were also examined and Bruchidius minutissimus Motschulsky (Bruchidae) (Fig. 5). incorporated in the checklist. 2 Kumar, Ramamurthy and Sharma 979; CABI, 2007 *NPC, 1966; Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 CABI, 2007 References CABI, 2007 Butani, 1979 CABI, 2007 Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 Fletcher, 1917; Singh, 1931 CABI, 2007 *NPC, 1975 *NPC, 1974 *NPC, 1974 *NPC, 1916 *NPC, 1974-1975 Butani, 1979 CABI, 2007 Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 *NPC, 1914-1915; Butani, 1979 Known Known Known Known Known Known tatus Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Not Known MinorMinor 1 Butani, Minor Minor Major Minor Major Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor trunk Not Skeels. wigs and leaves Suck the sap of tree trunk and removal of plant sap Not KnownNot KnownNot KnownNot Known Not Suck the cell sap from Not Not known Not Not Not Known Not Twigs and leaves Twigs Syzygium cumini distribution Direct feeding damage on leaves distribution and leaves Twigs Wide distribution and leaves Twigs Wide distributionWide Accumulation of sooty moulds Distribution in India Feeding behaviourBihar S Wide distribution Suck the cell sap from leaves Wide distribution Wide distribution and leaves Twigs Maharashtra,Tamil Suck the cell sap from leaves Delhi Wide distribution Not known Nadu, Karnataka Wide distributionDelhi Suck the cell sap from leaves Delhi Delhi Bihar Wide distribution Wide distribution Shoots and foliage Wide distribution Shoots and foliage Wide distributionWide distribution Shoots and foliage Shoots and foliage Table 1 : Checklist associated with Table Coccidae Aleurodidae Margarodidae Aleurodidae Cicadellidae Margarodidae Cicadellidae Cicadellidae Pseudococcidae Aleurodidae Cicadellidae Fulgoridae Bihar Lygaeidae Diaspididae Wide distribution T Coccidae Coccidae Coccidae Coccidae (Green) . Green (Maskell) McKenzie Diaspididae Wide Kuwana Diaspididae Wide distribution Singh Dist Signoret Diaspididae (Newstead) Diaspididae Wide Walker (Maskell) Kirkaldy Psyllidae Wide distribution Shoots and foliage (Green) Webb (Maskell) Diaspididae Grawford Psyllidae Wide distribution Shoots and foliage (Green) Douglas (Westwood) (Ashmead) Distant Singh (F.) Pentatomidae Aonidiella aurantii Ceroplastes rubens HEMIPTERA Halys dentatus Aleurocanthus rugosa Drosicha stebbingi Aspidiotus destructor Dialeurodes citri Balocha maldanadoi Kameswara Balocha tricolor Dictyophara pallida Balocha anufrievi, Icerya aegyptiaca Maconellicoccus hirsutus Singhiella bicolor Rao and Ramakrishnan bifurcate Wiloatma Rao and Ramakrishnan Artemidorus pressus Aonidiella orientalis Duplaspidiotus tesseratus (Grandpré and Charmoy) Parlatoria pseudopyri, Parlatoria marginalis Chloropulvinaria polygonata Chloropulvinaria psidii Coccus discrepans stellifera Vinsonia jambolanae Trioza Megatrioza vitiensis 2. 3. 1. 4. 6. 5. 7. 8. 9. 26. 16. 18. 20. 21. 22. 24. 25. 17. 19. 23. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. S. No.S. Order/Scientific name Family Kumar, Ramamurthy and Sharma 3 enugopal, 1958 Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 CABI, 2007 *NPC, 1914; Butani, 1979 New record Butani, 1979 Butani,1979; Annathakrishnan and 1955 Venugopal, Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 CABI, 2007 *NPC, 1931 Butani, 1979 *NPC, 1916 Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 CABI, 2007 Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 *NPC, 1941; Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 *NPC, 1931; Butani, 1979 *NPC, 1931; CABI, 2007 Butani, 1976 *NPC, 1945 *NPC, 1913 Known Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Major Not Known Minor Minor Minor Major MinorMajor V Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor Not Known Not Known ebbing leaves ebbing leaves ebbing leaves Not known Not known1943 Aiyer, Larvae feeding on leaves Not known *NPC, 1931 Larvae feeding on bark Larvae on leaves Not KnownLeaves Not Mining leaves Larvae feeding on leaves Feeding on leaves Feeding on leaves India W distribution W distribution Larvae feeding on bark distribution Not known Not known1979 Butani, Delhi W Kerala Bihar Wide distribution Larvae feeding on leaves south India Wide distribution Feeding on leaves Bihar Wide distribution Larvae feeding on leaves Wide distribution Wide distribution Feeding on leaves Wide distribution Feeding on leaves Wide distributionleaves Mining Wide distribution Feeding on leaves South IndiaBihar, Delhi,leaves Mining Mining leaves Wide distributioneater Leaf Wide distributionHaryana, Punjab leaves Mining Bengal West Bihar, leaves Mining Bihar, DelhiBihar Mining leaves ricidae ricidae ymantriidae ymantriidae Sphingidae Kashmir, Gujarat, Fruit borer Gelechiidae Pterophoridae Wide Nolidae Geometridae Geometridae Geometridae Gracillariidae Heliozelidae Gracillariidae Gracillariidae Bihar Lecithoceridae Limacodidae Gracillariidae Delhi Lasiocampidae Karnataka Meyrick Guenée Meyrick Meyrick Walker Walker Wide Meyrick Carposinidae Wide distribution Fruit borer Meyrick Tort Walker Swinhoe Moore L Guenée Noctuidae Meyrick Cramer Meyrick Guenée Noctuidae Moore Cossidaedistribution Wide Meyrick Tort Meyrick Tortricidae Wide distributionleaves Mining Swinhoe Noctuidae Bihar Walsingham Swinhoe

Westwood Lefèbvre Walker L Fletcher Walker sp. Pyralidae South sp. Pyralidae New sp. Pyralidae Wide Cellifera mormopa LEPIDOPTERA Bubonoxena ephippias Cellifera cellifera Acherontia styx Acherontia Fletcher and Surat Maharashtra and Butani, 1979 Orthaga Meridarchis scyrodes Meridarchis reprobata quadrinotata Noctuides Indarbela tetraonis Lepidogma Idiophantis acanthopa Phlegetonia delatrix Phlegetonia delatrix Catephia mosara subtilis Carea Exelastis atomosa Chrysocraspeda olearia Hyposidra successaria Orygia postica Oenospila flavifuscata Acrocercops loxias Acrocercops phaespora Acrocercops telestis Antispila anna hyrtaca vishnou Trabala spoliatella Hygroplasta Cania pulligonis Lymantria mathura Acrocercops syngramma 1. 3. 2. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 31. 29. 30. 28. 27. 26. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 20. 10. 11. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 12. 4 Kumar, Ramamurthy and Sharma 1971 *NPC, 1914 Butani, 1979 Butani, 1979 *NPC, 1913 *NPC, 1913 Fletcher, 1917 CABI, 2007 New Record Butani, 1979; Dahiya, and Lakra, 2001; CABI, 2007 CABI, 2007 Annanthakrishnan, Annanthakrishnan, 1971 Annanthakrishnan, 1971 Annanthakrishnan, 1971 Minor Minor Minor Not Known Minor Minor Minor Major Minor Minor Minor Minor Minor the leaves known Not known1950 *NPC, Larvae feeding on leaves Not known *NPC, 1931 Fruit borer Fruit borer Fruit borer Not knownFallen fruits and bore feed Not known1913 *NPC, *NPC, 1914- 1915; Feeding on leaves distribution Suck sap from the leaves distribution Infests flowers distribution Suck sap from Bihar Bihar Leaves Bihar Bihar Bihar Bihar Wide distributionWide Not known Not known2007 CABI, Wide distributionWide Not known Not known2007 CABI, Wide distributionWide Not known Not known1945 *NPC, Delhi Not Wide distributionWide distributionWide Feeds on bark Feeds on bark Not known CABI, 2007 Wide distributionWide Infests the flowers cinellidae Tephritidae Tephritidae Tephritidae Tephritidae Curculionidae Bihar Curculionidae Curculionidae Coccinellidae Scolytidae Scolytidae Bruchidae Delhi Phlaeothripidae Wide Faust Hood Thripidae Wide Motschulsky Motschulsky (Mulsant) Coc Seshadri Phlaeothripidaedistribution Wide Suck sap from the leaves Meyrick Tortricidae Coquillett (Fabricius) (Mayet) Thripidae Wide Fabricius (Coquillett) (Nietner) TortricidaeIndia South Not known Not known1979 Butani, Ramakrishna Phlaeothripidaedistribution Wide Suck sap from the leaves Fabricius Meyrick Tortricidae Wide distribution Rolling the leaves Ferrari (Walker) Tephritidae Schmutz Thripidae DIPTERA Bactrocera caudata Bactrocera correcta Homona coffearia Strepsicrates rhothia, aprobola Bactrocera cucurbitae Bactrocera diversa COLEOPTERA Curculio c-album Bactrocera tau Bactrocera Myllocerus undecimpustulatus Myllocerus viridanus Phrynocaria perrotteti Scymnus scymnusgracilis Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) Xyleborus similis THYSANOPTERA Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus Bruchidius minutissimus Leeuwenia ramakrishnae Ananthakrishnan Mallothrips indica and Ananthakrishnan Retithrips syriacus Thrips florum Teuchothrips eugeniae Teuchothrips 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 5. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 1. 8. 2. 3. 5. 6. 4. 33. 34. 32. * National Pusa Collection (Insects and mites), year of collection Kumar, Ramamurthy and Sharma 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work supported by ICAR funded “Network Project on Insect Biosystematics” is gratefully acknowledged.

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