An Overview of Children’s
Child Protection Protection Needs in Syria 2018
Governorate Profiles
Supported by Contents
Introduction 03
Aleppo 04
Al Hasakeh 07
Ar Raqqa 10
As Sweida 13
Dar’a 16
Deir Ez Zor 19
Hama 22
Homs 25
Idleb 28
Lattakia 31
Quneitra 34
Rural Damascus 37
Tartous 40 “THIS IS MORE THAN VIOLENCE”: AN OVERVIEW OF CHILDREN’S PROTECTION NEEDS IN SYRIA Contents
Introduction 03 Introduction
Aleppo 04 2018 Whole of Syria Child Protection Governorate Profiles is a compilation of child protection data collected for the 2018 Syria Syria Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO). It aims to provide analysis of child protection needs and risks at governorate level to support child protection actors in programme development, resource mobilisation and advocacy to respond to the protection needs of children in Syria. Al Hasakeh 07 This report should be read alongside This is more than Violence: An Overview of Children’s Protection Needs in Syria; 2018 Humanitarian Needs Overview; 2018 Protection Needs Overview; and 2018 GBV Voices. Information on the methodology for this report can be found in This is more than Violence: An Overview of Children’s Protection Needs in Syria. All reports can be Ar Raqqa 10 accessed at www.humanitarianresponse.info.
This report is produced by the Whole of Syria Child Protection Area of Responsibility.
As Sweida 13
Dar’a 16
Deir Ez Zor 19 03
Hama 22
Homs 25
Child Protection Idleb 28
Lattakia 31 Whole of Syria (WoS) Child Protection Area of Responsibility (AOR) Child Protection
There are over 60 child protection organisations, including UN, INGO, national NGOs and government departments operating in 14 governorates. The Child Protection Area of Responsibility works to prevent and respond to abuse, neglect, exploitation Quneitra 34 and violence against children. The Child Protection AOR’s work is in line with the No Lost Generation (NLG) strategic framework and is driven by two operational priorities: i) strengthening the quality of community-based child protection interventions and (ii) expanding the availability of quality specialised child protection services, including case management. This includes systematising efforts to build a sustainable child protection workforce as a way to scale up reach. Advocacy and Rural Damascus 37 evidence generation on child protection concerns underpin these priorities.
Tartous 40 “THIS IS MORE THAN VIOLENCE”: AN OVERVIEW OF CHILDREN’S PROTECTION NEEDS IN SYRIA
Aleppo
PROTECTION SEVERITY RANKING BY SUB-DISTRICT
Severity ranking by sub-districts considered
Ain al Arab 3 indicators: Lower Shyookh Bulbul Jarablus Raju Ghandorah i) % of IDPs in the population; Sharan Suran Ar-Raee Mabtali Azaz Menbij ii) conflict incidents weighted according to Sheikh Aghtrin El-Hadid Arima Sarin the extent of impact; and Afrin Tall RefaatMare Jandairis Abu Qalqal Al Bab Nabul iii) population in hard-to-reach communities. Haritan Tadaf Daret Azza Aleppo P Rasm Haram El-Imam Jebel Saman Eastern Kwaires Atareb Dayr Hafir
Zarbah As-Safira Hadher Banan Maskana S Hajeb N
Tall Ed-daman Al-Khafsa Khanaser S Cri�cal problem Catrastrophic problem
POPULATION DATA
Number of 0-4 Years 5-14 Years 15-17 Years 04 Locations Total Children % of Children Total Population
Communities 1329
Overall Population 8% 20% 7% 1.3M 35% 3.6M
PIN 9% 21% 6% 882K 37% 2.4M
IDP 8% 20% 7% 339K 35% 960K
Hard to Reach Locations 460 8% 20% 7% 114K 35% 324K
Besieged Locations 0
Military Encircled Locations 0 * es�mates to support humanitarian planning processes only SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
1023 communities (77%) were assessed in Aleppo governorate. • In 30 percent of assessed communities respondents reported that family violence was an issue of concern. • In 86 per cent of assessed communities, respondents Adolescent girls (28%) followed by adolescent boys (77%) reported child labour preventing school attendance was an were considered the most affected child population groups. issue of concern. Adolescent boys 12-14 and 15-17 years were considered the most affected child population groups. • In 50 per cent of assessed communities, respondents reported child marriage was an issue of concern. • In 38 per cent of assessed communities, respondents reported Adolescent girls (49%) followed by adolescent boys (40%) child recruitment was an issue of concern. Adolescent boys (37%) were considered the most affected child population groups. followed by adolescent girls (22%) were considered the most affected child population groups. • In 79 percent of assessed communities, respondents reported lack/ loss of civil documentation was an issue of • In 25 per cent of assessed communities, respondents reported concern. Adolescent boys (74%) followed by adolescent unaccompanied and separated children was an issue of concern. girls (73%) were considered the most affected child Both adolescent boys and adolescent girls were considered population groups. equally affected (21%). 1% 1% 100 1% 1%
16% 16% 20% 20%
80
60
40 83% 83% 79% 79% Very Common Issue
20 Common Issue Sometimes Never happens 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years
“THIS IS MORE THAN VIOLENCE”: AN OVERVIEW OF CHILDREN’S PROTECTION NEEDS IN SYRIA
CHILD LABOUR 120 16% 16% 20% 1% 7% 9% 7% 10% 100
17% 22% 24%80 34% 25% 34%
52% 60 14% 51% 48% Very Common 40 Issue 42% 48% 42% Common Issue Yes 20 Sometimes 31% 26% 21% 21% 86% No 15% 15% Never happens 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Percentage of assessed communities in Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 14 years 12- 14 years 15- 17 years 15- 17 years which respondents reported Child Labour Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported Child Labour preventing preventing school attendance school attendance; disaggregated by age and sex
CHILD RECRUITMENT 120
5% 5% 100 6% 1% 9% 8% 9% 16% 80 28% 38% 60 05
87% 86% 78% 63% 40 Very Common Issue Yes 62% Common Issue No 20 Sometimes Never happens 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Percentage of assessed communities in which Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years respondents reported the occurrence of Child Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the occurrence Recruitment of Child Recruitment; disaggregated by age and sex
UNACCOMPANIED AND SEPARATED CHILDREN
1% 1% 100 16% 16% 20% 20%
80 25% 60
84% 84% 79% 79% 40 Very Common Issue Yes Common Issue 75% 20 No Sometimes Never happens 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Percentage of assessed communities in which Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years respondents reported the occurrence of Family Separation Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the occurrence of Family Separation; disaggregated by age and sex “THIS IS MORE THAN VIOLENCE”: AN OVERVIEW OF CHILDREN’S PROTECTION NEEDS IN SYRIA
FAMILY VIOLENCE
1% 1% 100 1% 1% 10% 11% 11% 11%
15% 15% 16% 15% 80
30% 60
74% 73% 40 72% 73% Very Common Issue 70% Yes Common Issue 20 Sometimes No Never happens 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Percentage of assessed communities Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years in which respondents reported the Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the occurrence of Family occurrence of Family Violence Violence; disaggregated by age and sex
CHILD MARRIAGE
2% 1% 2% 100 5% 1% 7% 18% 17% 80 35% 50% 40% 06 60
Yes 80% 81% 40 51% 60% 50% Very Common Issue Common Issue No 20 Sometimes Never happens 0 Percentage of assessed communities in which Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years respondents reported the occurrence of Child Marriage Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the occurrence of Child Marriage; disaggregated by age and sex
LACK/ LOSS OF CIVIL DOCUMENTATION (INCLUDING BIRTH REGISTRATION)
3% 3% 100 3% 3%
26% 26% 26% 28% 80
21% 79% 60 42% 42% 44% 43%
Yes 40 Very Common Issue No Common Issue 20 Sometimes 29% 29% 27% 26% Never happens 0 Percentage of assessed communities in which Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys respondents reported the Lack/ Loss of Civil Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years Documentation Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the Lack/ Loss of Civil Documentation; disaggregated by age and sex
(“occurrance” refers to protection risks that were described as happening “sometimes”, or as being “common” or “very common”) “THIS IS MORE THAN VIOLENCE”: AN OVERVIEW OF CHILDREN’S PROTECTION NEEDS IN SYRIA
Al Hasakeh
PROTECTION SEVERITY RANKING BY SUB-DISTRICT
Severity ranking by sub-districts considered 3 indicators: Al-Malikeyyeh Jawadiyah Quamishli i) % of IDPs in the population; Amuda Qahtaniyyeh Darbasiyah
Ya'robiyah ii) conflict incidents weighted according to
Tal Hmis the extent of impact; and Ras Al Ain Be'r Al-Hulo Al-Wardeyyeh Tal Tamer iii) population in hard-to-reach communities. Al-Hasakeh Al-Hasakeh
Hole S Areesheh Ar-Raqqa N Shadadah
Markada S Deir-ez-Zor Cri�cal problem Catrastrophic problem POPULATION DATA
Number of 0-4 Years 5-14 Years 15-17 Years Locations Total Children % of Children Total Population
Communities 823 07 Overall 8% 22% 7% 413K 37% 1.1M Population
PIN 9% 23% 7% 276K 39% 713K
IDP 8% 22% 7% 85K 37% 229K
Hard to Reach Locations 77 8% 22% 7% 25K 37% 67K Besieged 0 Locations Military 0 Encircled Locations * es�mates to support humanitarian planning processes only SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
799 communities (97%) were assessed in Al-Hasakah considered equally affected (54%). governorate. • In 54 percent of assessed communities respondents reported • In 92 per cent of assessed communities, respondents that family violence was an issue of concern. Both adolescent reported child labour preventing school attendance was an boys and adolescent girlswere considered equalled affected issue of concern. Adolescent boys 15-17 years (92%) followed (51%). by adolescent boys and girls 12-14 years (both 90%) were considered the most affected child population groups. • In 72 per cent of assessed communities, respondents reported child marriage was an issue of concern. Adolescent girls (71%) • In 78 per cent of assessed communities, respondents followed by adolescent boys (66%) were considered the most reported child recruitment was an issue of concern. Adolescent affected child population groups. boys (78%) followed by adolescent girls (63%) were considered the most affected child population groups. • In 87 percent of assessed communities, respondents reported • In 63 per cent of assessed communities, respondents lack/ loss of civil documentation was an issue of concern. reported unaccompanied and separated children was an issue Adolescent boys (84%) followed by adolescent girls (83%) were of concern. Both adolescent boys and adolescent girls were considered the most affected child population groups. 1% 1% 100 1% 1%
16% 16% 20% 20%
80
60
40 83% 83% 79% 79% Very Common Issue
20 Common Issue Sometimes Never happens 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years
“THIS IS MORE THAN VIOLENCE”: AN OVERVIEW OF CHILDREN’S PROTECTION NEEDS IN SYRIA
CHILD LABOUR
4% 4% 4% 4% 5% 6% 100
17% 18% 19% 8% 30%80 30% 30%
60 Very Common 49% 60% Issue 40 56% 56% 63% 56% Common Issue Yes Sometimes 20 92% Never happens No 30% 18% 10% 10% 13% 0 8% Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 14 years 12- 14 years 15- 17 years 15- 17 years Percentage of assessed communities in Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported Child Labour preventing which respondents reported Child Labour school attendance; disaggregated by age and sex preventing school attendance CHILD RECRUITMENT 120
1% 2% 100 1% 6% 9% 9% 17% 26% 28% 33% 80 22% 45% 60 08 46%
40 Very Common Issue Yes 62% 57% Common Issue 37% 78% 20 Sometimes No 22% Never happens 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Percentage of assessed communities in which Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years respondents reported the occurrence of Child Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the occurrence Recruitment of Child Recruitment; disaggregated by age and sex
UNACCOMPANIED AND SEPARATED CHILDREN
2% 1% 1% 1% 100 9% 10% 11% 9%
80 31% 32% 42% 43% 63% 60 37%
40 Very Common Issue Yes 58% 57% 46% 47% Common Issue 20 No Sometimes Never happens 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Percentage of assessed communities in which Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years respondents reported the occurrence of Family Separation Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the occurrence of Family Separation; disaggregated by age and sex “THIS IS MORE THAN VIOLENCE”: AN OVERVIEW OF CHILDREN’S PROTECTION NEEDS IN SYRIA
FAMILY VIOLENCE
7% 6% 100 6% 4%
18% 19% 20% 20% 80
26% 26% 26% 26% 54% 60
40 49% 49% 49% 50% Very Common Issue Yes 46% Common Issue 20 Sometimes No Never happens 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Percentage of assessed communities Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years in which respondents reported the Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the occurrence of Family occurrence of Family Violence Violence; disaggregated by age and sex
CHILD MARRIAGE
2% 1% 100 6% 6% 12% 10% 18% 18% 80 32% 33% 72% 46% 43% 28% 60 09
Yes 40 Very Common Issue Common Issue No 54% 56% 20 30% 33% Sometimes Never happens 0 Percentage of assessed communities in which Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys respondents reported the occurrence of Child Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years Marriage Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the occurrence of Child Marriage; disaggregated by age and sex
LACK/ LOSS OF CIVIL DOCUMENTATION (INCLUDING BIRTH REGISTRATION)
5% 4% 4% 5% 100
11% 12% 15% 13%
80 13%
60 65% 66% 63% 66%
40 Very Common Issue Yes 87% Common Issue 20 Sometimes No 19% 18% 18% 16% Never happens 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Percentage of assessed communities in which Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years respondents reported the Lack/ Loss of Civil Documentation Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the Lack/ Loss of Civil Documentation; disaggregated by age and sex
(“occurrance” refers to protection risks that were described as happening “sometimes”, or as being “common” or “very common”) “THIS IS MORE THAN VIOLENCE”: AN OVERVIEW OF CHILDREN’S PROTECTION NEEDS IN SYRIA
Ar Raqqa
PROTECTION SEVERITY RANKING BY SUB-DISTRICT
Severity ranking by sub-districts considered Tell Abiad 3 indicators:
i) % of IDPs in the population; Al-Hasakeh Ein Issa Suluk ii) conflict incidents weighted according to the extent of impact; and
Aleppo Ar-Raqqa iii) population in hard-to-reach communities. Jurneyyeh Ar-Raqqa Karama
S Al-Thawrah Maadan N Sabka Mansura Deir-ez-Zor S Cri�cal problem Homs Catrastrophic problem POPULATION DATA
Number of 0-4 Years 5-14 Years 15-17 Years Locations Total Children % of Children Total Population
10 Communities 336
Overall Population 9% 25% 8% 184K 42% 440K
PIN 10% 25% 8% 166K 43% 384K
IDP 9% 25% 8% 65K 42% 157K
Hard to Reach Locations 184 9% 25% 8% 103K 42% 248K
Besieged Locations 0
Military Encircled Locations 1 9% 25% 8% 6K 42% 13K
* es�mates to support humanitarian planning processes only SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
313 communities (93%) were assessed in Ar-Raqqa governorate. population groups. • In 74 per cent of assessed communities, respondents • In 70 percent of assessed communities respondents reported child labour preventing school attendance was an issue reported that family violence was an issue of concern. Both of concern. Both adolescent boys and adolescent girls were adolescent boys and adolescent girls were considered considered equally affected (72%). equalled affected (66%). • In 85 per cent of assessed communities, respondents reported • In 97 per cent of assessed communities, respondents child recruitment was an issue of concern. Adolescent boys (83%) reported child marriage was an issue of concern. Adolescent followed by adolescent girls (74%) were considered the most girls (95%) followed by adolescent boys (89%) were affected child population groups. considered the most affected child population groups. • In 92 per cent of assessed communities, respondents • In 99 percent of assessed communities, respondents reported unaccompanied and separated children was an issue reported lack/ loss of civil documentation was an issue of of concern. Adolescent boys and adolescent girls (89%) followed concern. Both adolescent boys and adolescent girls were by adolescent boys (87%) were considered most affected child considered equalled affected (96%). 1% 1% 100 1% 1%
16% 16% 20% 20%
80
60
40 83% 83% 79% 79%
20 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years
“THIS IS MORE THAN VIOLENCE”: AN OVERVIEW OF CHILDREN’S PROTECTION NEEDS IN SYRIA
CHILD LABOUR
100 7% 7% 11% 10% 12% 13% 22% 25% 25% 80 36% 34% 31%
35% 37% 60 34% 26% 25% 28% 40 20 36% 31% 30% 28% 29% 28% 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 14 years 12- 14 years 15- 17 years 15- 17 years Percentage of assessed communities in Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported Child Labour preventing which respondents reported Child Labour school attendance; disaggregated by age and sex preventing school attendance
CHILD RECRUITMENT
100 4% 8% 7% 13% 18% 21% 21% 80 34% 29% 60 11 41% 46% 40 36% 49% 20 30% 26% 17% 0
Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Percentage of assessed communities in which Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years respondents reported the occurrence of Child Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the occurrence Recruitment of Child Recruitment; disaggregated by age and sex
UNACCOMPANIED AND SEPARATED CHILDREN
100 9% 8% 8% 11%
21% 20% 25% 80 27%
60
52% 53% 57% 48% 40 20 18% 19% 10% 13% 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Percentage of assessed communities in which Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years respondents reported the occurrence of Family Separation Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the occurrence of Family Separation; disaggregated by age and sex “THIS IS MORE THAN VIOLENCE”: AN OVERVIEW OF CHILDREN’S PROTECTION NEEDS IN SYRIA
FAMILY VIOLENCE
100 8% 10% 7% 7%
28% 26% 80 29% 26%
60 29% 30% 30% 32%
40 35% 34% 20 34% 35% 0 Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys Percentage of assessed communities Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years in which respondents reported the Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the occurrence of Family occurrence of Family Violence Violence; disaggregated by age and sex
CHILD MARRIAGE
4% 100 6% 7% 16% 16% 12% 18% 80 24% 27% 35% 60 12
40 54% 64% 45% 55% 20 11% 0 6% Percentage of assessed communities in which Girls Boys Adolescent Girls Adolescent Boys respondents reported the occurrence of Child Under 12 years Under 12 years 12- 17 years 12- 17 years Marriage Percentage of assessed communities in which respondents reported the occurrence of Child Marriage; disaggregated by age and sex
LACK/ LOSS OF CIVIL DOCUMENTATION (INCLUDING BIRTH REGISTRATION)
100
28% 27% 30% 26%