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Till Statsrådet Mona Sahlin SOU 1998:132 Till statsrådet Mona Sahlin Den 18 september 1997 beslutade regeringen att tillsätta en analysgrupp med upp- gift att granska samhällets agerande i anledning av Estoniakatastrofen. Den 23 september 1997 förordnades generalsekreteraren i Svenska Röda Korset Peter Örn som ordförande och förutvarande förbundsordföranden i Svenska Kom- munalarbetareförbundet Lillemor Arvidsson, förutvarande chefredaktören gäst- professorn i journalistik Christina Jutterström, professorn i allmänpsykiatri hov- predikanten Conny Nordin samt förutvarande rektorn vid Uppsala universitet pro- fessor emeritus Stig Strömholm som ledamöter i Analysgruppen för granskning av Estoniakatastrofen och dess följder. Lillemor Arvidsson entledigades med verkan fr.o.m den 23 januari 1998 från sitt uppdrag och den 23 mars 1998 förordnades i stället verkställande direktören för Spri Leni Björklund som ledamot i analys- gruppen. I Analysgruppens för granskning av Estoniakatastrofen och dess följder sekreta- riat ingår Marianne Wasteson som huvudsekreterare, Hanna Brogren som press- och informationsansvarig, Lars Tomth som utredningssekreterare och Maria Walander Dalayman som projektledare. Analysgruppen överlämnar härmed en första rapport av granskningen av Esto- niakatastrofen och dess följder. Stockholm i november 1998 Peter Örn Leni Björklund Christina Jutterström Conny Nordin Stig Strömholm /Marianne Wasteson Hanna Brogren Lars Tomth Maria Walander Dalayman 3 FÖRKORTNINGAR Förkortningar ARCC Air Rescue Coordination Center CAK Centrala avdelningen för Ambulanssjukvård och Katastrofmedicinsk planering DEMC Akut- och katastrofmedicinskt centrum vid Södersjukhuset DIS Den Internationella Stödföreningen FAE Föreningen för Anhöriga till saknade och omkomna från Estonia, vilka var anställda i Lindesbergs kommun JRCC Joint Rescue Coordination Center KKL Krissamverkan Kommun Landsting LKC Länskommunikationscentralen vid polismyndigheten i Stockholms län MRCC Maritime Rescue Coordination Center MRSC Maritime Rescue Sub Center PKL Psykologisk-psykiatisk katastrofledningsgrupp POSOM Beredskapsgrupp för psykiskt och socialt omhändertagande PUG Psykologiska uppföljningsgruppen vid lasarettet i Norrköping ROV Remote Opereated Vehicle eller fjärrstyrda farkoster RPS Rikspolisstyrelsen SEA Stiftelsen Estoniaoffren och Anhöriga SPF Styrelsen för psykologiskt försvar 4 INNEHÅLL Innehåll AVSNITT 1– INTRODUKTION Sammanfattning av analysgruppens uppdrag samt hur det tolkats och utförts ............................................................................... 9 AVSNITT 2 – BESKRIVNINGEN Inledning ....................................................................................................................... 13 1 ”Färjan Estonia befaras ha sjunkit.” ......................................................................... 15 2 Beskedet når ut i Sverige .......................................................................................... 17 3 Sjöräddningens insatser ........................................................................................... 22 4 Regeringens agerande under natten......................................................................... 24 5 Regeringens arbete under förmiddagen den 28 september ...................................... 26 6 Regeringens arbete under eftermiddagen och kvällen den 28 september ................ 28 7 De centrala myndigheternas agerande den 28 september ........................................ 32 8 Krisarbetet påbörjas runt om i Sverige .................................................................... 35 9 Svenska Kyrkans reaktioner ..................................................................................... 43 10 Regeringens arbete under torsdagen den 29 september ........................................... 45 11 Centrala myndigheter .............................................................................................. 47 12 Regeringens arbete under fredagen den 30 september ............................................ 49 13 Söndagen den 2 oktober blir nationell sorgedag ...................................................... 50 14 Den svenska identifieringskommissionen bistår den finska ...................................... 53 15 Arbetet i Regeringskansliet måndagen den 3 oktober .............................................. 54 16 Arbetet går vidare på centrala myndigheter ............................................................. 56 17 Regeringens arbete onsdagen den 5 oktober ........................................................... 58 18 Regeringens arbete torsdagen den 6 oktober ........................................................... 59 19 Regeringens press- och informationsarbete från den 28 september till den 6 oktober ..................................................................................................... 60 20 Massmediernas bevakning under den första veckan ................................................. 62 21 Den nya regeringen tillträder fredagen den 7 oktober ............................................. 67 22 Sjöfartsverkets rapport överlämnas till Kommunikationsdepartementet ................. 70 23 Registrering, identifiering och passagerarlistor ........................................................ 72 24 Svenska kyrkan för samtal om etiska frågor ............................................................. 75 25 Arbetet med att identifiera omhändertagna omkomna ............................................ 77 26 Den första partiledaröverläggningen ....................................................................... 78 27 Viktiga beredningsbeslut.......................................................................................... 80 28 Kommunikationsdepartementets kontakter med anhöriga ...................................... 83 5 INNEHÅLL 29 Den omdiskuterade minnesgudstjänsten till havs .................................................... 86 30 En del av underlagen för Sjöfartsverkets konsekvensanalys presenteras ................... 89 31 Etiska rådet inleder sitt arbete ................................................................................. 92 32 Anhörigas kamp för ett beslut om bärgning ............................................................. 96 33 Föreningar för anhöriga och överlevande bildas ...................................................... 98 34 Ytterligare underlag för Sjöfartsverkets konsekvensanalys ....................................... 101 35 Etiska rådet får en detaljerad beskrivning av hur en bärgning av Estonia kommer att gå till .................................................................................................... 104 36 Sjöfartsverket lämnar sin konsekvensanalys ............................................................. 107 37 Etiska rådets ställningstagande................................................................................. 109 38 Partiledaröverläggningar inför beslut i bärgningsfrågan .......................................... 111 39 Beslut i frågan om bärgning av fartyg och omkomna närmar sig ............................. 114 40 Den 15 december fattar regeringen beslut om att Estonia inte ska bärgas ............... 116 41 Överenskommelse med försäkringsbolaget Skuld om skadestånd till anhöriga och överlevande ........................................................................................ 118 42 Det fortsatta arbetet med övertäckning och gravfrid ............................................... 119 43 Överenskommelse om gravfrid mellan Sverige, Estland och Finland ...................... 121 44 Regeringen uppdrar åt Statens konstråd att utforma en minnesvård ....................... 125 45 Regeringens kontakter med anhöriga ...................................................................... 127 46 Anhöriga reagerar mot övertäckningen ................................................................... 129 47 Massmediernas rapportering av Estoniahändelser leder till åtgärder på Kommunikationsdepartementet .............................................................................. 132 48 Statsminister Göran Persson går in i Estoniafrågan ................................................. 133 49 Juristgrupp utreder rättsfrågor ................................................................................. 135 50 Övertäckningen stoppas ........................................................................................... 136 51 Regeringens fortsatta kontakter med anhöriga ........................................................ 138 52 Partiledaröverläggning om hur Estoniafrågan ska utredas ....................................... 140 53 Sjöfartsverket föreslår radarövervakning för att garantera gravfriden vid Estonia .... 142 54 Internationella haverikommissionens arbete ............................................................ 144 55 Ersta sjukhus arbete med anhöriga .......................................................................... 146 56 Minnesvården på Djurgården invigs ........................................................................ 149 57 Åklagarmyndighetens förundersökning ................................................................... 151 Noter ............................................................................................................................ 153 AVSNITT 3 – PROCESSEN Inledning ....................................................................................................................... 157 1 Analysgruppens underlag ........................................................................................
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