ISSN (Online): 2455-3662 EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) - Peer Reviewed Journal Volume: 7 | Issue: 6 | June 2021|| Journal DOI: 10.36713/epra2013 || SJIF Impact Factor 2021: 8.047 || ISI Value: 1.188

ORGANIZATION OF GARDEN PLOT SERVICE CLUSTERS – DEMAND OF PERIOD

1Mahkamov Ibroyim, 2Shakhobov Hamidjon Mukhamadovich

1Assistant of Professor, Institute of Engineering and Technology 2Base Doctorate, Namangan Institute of Engineering and Technology

ANNOTATION This article addresses the socio-economic reforms carried out in our country. Important and country-specific features of ensuring employment and raising living standards have been highlighted. Issues of garden plot management and their productive use in rural areas are described. Attention is paid to the issue of solving the problem of poverty. In particular, in the described the peculiarities of solving the problem of poverty through the development of garden plot farms. KEYWORDS: garden plot farms, poverty, prosperity, living standards, unemployment, employment, entrepreneurship, cluster, pandemic, credit, greenhouse, capacity, territory, garden plot service.

The pandemic, which is leaving a services” enterprises on the provision of seeds and complication mark in the world economy, is taking seedlings and provision of chemicals have been its toll on economic sectors at all stages, ranging established in 350 billion soums were allocated from from large enterprises to small businesses and private the state budget for the implementation of new businesses. In order to prevent such negative projects in the garden plot, and the fund's activities consequences, a new system of entrepreneurship were launched at the meeting of the board of support and development has been created in our directors. Due to today's demand, the Ministry of country and introduced into practice. economic development and poverty reduction was Due to the conditions created by our state, established. From this it can be seen that a new the number of people wishing to engage in system has been introduced that will help the entrepreneurial activity is growing. In particular, they population, supply and finance material resources, are engaged in horticulture, fruit and vegetable which were not before. As a result of the creation of a growing, gardening, bee-keeping, livestock, poultry, system that works with garden plot, supplies material fishery, farming, Service and other areas due to the resources, finances and controls crop rotation, the characteristics of the territory. From these it can be number of families receiving abundant yields and seen that attention is paid to the development of high incomes from garden plot is growing steadily. family entrepreneurship, especially garden plot. This The organization of services such as the is not only a socio-economic task, but also a political plowing of garden plot of the population, the supply goal aimed at dramatically increasing the interest of of necessary seeds and seedlings, the construction of our people in changing the world outlook, earning a compact greenhouse for households and the supply through labor. Therefore, in the following years, a of sheep, goats, poultry, bees nests, rabbits was number of laws, decisions and normative documents established through the enterprises of "farm were adopted by the state on the effective use of services". population farms, some amendments were made to Since all conditions have been created by the the laws. The position of the president of the state for the development of garden plot farms, it Republic of Azerbaijan was introduced at the would not be a mistake to say that today the meetings of local citizens. productive use of these opportunities has become a In addition, the council of farmers, peasant necessity and an obligation. Because at a time when farms and landowners of , as well as its the pandemic of coronavirus threatens the entire regional divisions were established. 224 “Garden plot world, the development of garden plot is becoming a

2021 EPRA IJMR | www.eprajournals.com | Journal DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra2013 473 ISSN (Online): 2455-3662 EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) - Peer Reviewed Journal Volume: 7 | Issue: 6 | June 2021|| Journal DOI: 10.36713/epra2013 || SJIF Impact Factor 2021: 8.047 || ISI Value: 1.188

more serious issue. On this issue, on April 8, 2020, property rights and their status as an economic entity. the results of the work on the areas in the fight Because in it, the rights of the landowner, regardless against the coronavirus pandemic under the of the form of ownership, to enter into contractual chairmanship of President Sh.Mirziyoyev were also relations with all types of economic entities for their touched upon at the video-vector meeting dedicated activities were determined individually. And this to the development of the garden plot, which is an confesses that the majority of the population is not important source of ensuring food security, only a source of earning a living on their farm, but increasing employment and income of the also a means of doing business and earning more population. The issues of delivering the products through it. grown in it to the domestic and foreign markets were In 2020, the experience of establishing the also considered. As a result of the systematic work activity of clusters of “Garden plot services”, which carried out by 81 “Garden plot services” LLC, along includes 12 types of activities, gave a positive effect. with the supply of farm-grown vegetables bulevir In accordance with the resolution of the peppers, onions, greens, legumes and oil crops, president of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated June melons and dried fruits to domestic markets, export 30, 2020 “on additional measures to increase the to foreign countries, in particular to dozens of effectiveness of the use of population farms”, the countries such as Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, activities of cluster enterprises on the basis of 20 Russia, Latvia. LLC “Garden plot services” in the Republic were In order to fully meet the demand of our launched. It is planned that this process will continue people for fruit and vegetable products throughout in 2021 year, and in 32 districts where a lot of fruits the year, to deliver them to the population in a well- and vegetables are grown, in particular in the preserved state, the establishment of field shops in Yangikurgun, Chust, , and densely populated areas, frozen warehouses that store districts of Namangan region, the operation of Farm agricultural products and their processing, in other Service clusters will be launched. In order to carry words, the establishment of clusters of “Garden plot out these works, 58 billion soums will be allocated services” is becoming. from the savings account under the Council. On the initiative of the president of our The amount of cultivation of competitive country, clusters based on the chain method of products is increasing due to the combination of cultivation and deep processing of products in peasant farms and population farms to the enterprises agriculture are launched. This creates opportunities of the established garden plot cluster and the for employment and regular income generation by establishment of economic relations between them, creating new jobs for the rural industry. and the possibilities of additional income of the According to today's data, more than 5.5 population are also becoming more and more. million farmers and landowners operate in our Because the updates in the cluster activity, the country using 502 thousand hectares of land. introduction of innovative technologies, soon show It can be seen that since a significant part of their effectiveness. The clusters established on the the main crop areas is at the disposal of the basis of LLC “Garden plot services” include the population, it is necessary to formulate the ability to complete process from the purchase of seeds, effectively use the opportunities available to their seedlings from the delivery to the delivery of seeds owners. To this end, in the following years, the for the cultivation of products in the population farm mechanism of effective use of peasant farms and and from it to the production of the final product, and garden plot land plots and the stimulation of this protects the owners of the farm from the market landowners who have achieved this has been risk. Because they do not meet unknown buyers in introduced. the market, the cost of carrying the product to the Paragraph 2 of Article 3 of the law “on market is saved. garden plot management” adopted on April 1, 2021 Like all regions of our country, a program of does not consider garden plot entrepreneurial activity measures for the development of garden plot farms and does not require state registration of garden plot. has been created in the Namangan region. In the A person who independently carries out activities region there are 252.0 thousand hectares of irrigated based on participation in the farm with his personal land, of which 31.9 thousand hectares constitute labor on the cultivation (processing) of agricultural population farms. Due to today's requirements, the products in the farm can receive the status of a self- main emphasis is on the effective use of garden plot employed person in accordance with the procedure land. Because, the majority of the population of the established by the legislation on employment of the region lives in rural areas and a certain layer of them population. constitute low-income poor families. It turns out that the law further strengthens In a number of districts of the region there the social protection of landowners, as well as their are exemplary garden plot farms, which can be

2021 EPRA IJMR | www.eprajournals.com | Journal DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra2013 474 ISSN (Online): 2455-3662 EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) - Peer Reviewed Journal Volume: 7 | Issue: 6 | June 2021|| Journal DOI: 10.36713/epra2013 || SJIF Impact Factor 2021: 8.047 || ISI Value: 1.188

sampled from 8-10 acres of garden plot to 2-3 times a can take 4-5 kilograms of dressing from seedlings. year and 50-60 million soums, while some families Let's say, if the average price of 1 kilogram of can be sampled to other families with an income of tomatoes (in the corresponding months) is 3 thousand more than 100 million soums. rubles, then the first harvest can be made from itself According to the 53-th resolution of the an income of 7-8 million rubles. Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan in To reduce poverty is to awaken the 2020 30 January, Naryn, Uychi, , entrepreneurial spirit in the world, to fully realize the governors jointly organized inner strength and dignity of man, to implement practical and visual seminars on the effective use of socio-economic policy on the creation of new jobs... exemplary practices of farmhouses in the districts on It is necessary to give priority to the support of the principles of "garden plot source of income", entrepreneurship, initiative, especially youth and "one neighborhood one product", "from field to women entrepreneurship on the solution of social table". problems in the localities, the president said. Based on the above points, it can be said that Sh.Mirziyoyev spoke at a meeting with activists of taking into account the complex situation that has the Namangan region in June 2020. arisen due to the coronavirus pandemic, sowing 2-3 As the experience of today shows, it is times in all farms and obtaining additional dressing is necessary to exclude axoli from poverty by ensuring today one of the first tasks. The construction of employment, obtaining regular income from them. apartments IX compact greenhouses by taking into Because more than 24 thousand 300 poor families, 57 account these also plays an important role. thousand more unemployed people were taken into Last year 2670 modern greenhouses were account in the region. Taking into account these, a created in Namangan region. These works are program of measures to ensure the employment of continued in 2021 year and in each district it is population for the organization of various forms of planned to build a total of 4.4 thousand light entrepreneurship in the districts was developed in construction greenhouses in the population 2020-2022 years. In this regard, the work carried out apartments on the territory of 300-500 of them, 527 in the districts of Chartak, Turakurgan, Uchkurgan of them have been built and put into operation to this and Uychi can be cited as an example. In particular, day. at the beginning of 2020 in the district of Uychi, In 2020, our President Sh.Mirziyoyev during 1920 thousand poor families were registered, his visit to Namangan region in June 2020, gave a measures were taken to ensure their employment and series of instructions on social protection to ensure on this basis to obtain permanent income. Today, employment of autonomous, unemployed, low- deputies of the district council formalized the study income, poor families and obtaining permanent of each family, as well as relevant acts, and 1052 source of income in order to get acquainted with families were removed from the list of poor families major projects, communicate with population. On the by the decision of the session. As a result, 868 basis of these instructions, the project "in one place-a families remained on the list of poor families. thousand family greenhouses" was implemented in These poor families were given black cow cooperation with the Ministry of employment and for 79, sheep for 212, poultry for 108, bees for 2 and labor relations of the region. In particular, in the land for rent for 13. 86 families were given to build of Golden Nats Namangan Agro greenhouses. Also, 169 people were provided with network service LLC, in the high hill steppe 36 permanent jobs, 2 with medicines and 47 with cash. hectares of unused land for many years were built 2 From this it can be seen that in the district practical thousand greenhouses each. 6.7 billion soums of assistance is provided to each citizen in the subsidy and 6.3 billion soums of preferential credits implementation of the tasks set out in the program of of commercial banks were allocated to the project expulsion from poverty. with a total value of 13 billion soums from the fund According to the program “Each family is of employment promotion. entrepreneur”, a total of 895 citizens (46 of which are According to the studies, in these legal entities) were allocated 18 billion 149 million greenhouses on the basis of the principle of “one soums of credit by Agrobank and people's banks in neighborhood-one product, quality products meeting the district for the purchase of livestock, fisheries, the demand of foreign countries are grown. Another greenhouses, horticulture and stalls. of the benefits is that seedlings, water, mineral As can be seen from the above information, fertilizers and market supply in the cultivation of the the conditions for people to work, engage in product are guaranteed by the leading entrepreneur. entrepreneurship and earn income are being created Dressing in greenhouses can be grown up to 3 times a Step by step. However, the opportunities created year. According to experts, 700 bush of tomato cannot be called productive in all regions of the seedlings are planted in one greenhouse. each bush region. In particular, it was found that there were

2021 EPRA IJMR | www.eprajournals.com | Journal DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra2013 475 ISSN (Online): 2455-3662 EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) - Peer Reviewed Journal Volume: 7 | Issue: 6 | June 2021|| Journal DOI: 10.36713/epra2013 || SJIF Impact Factor 2021: 8.047 || ISI Value: 1.188

insufficient greenhouses in the population apartments Our President Sh.Mirziyoyev noted, “the in the districts of Turakurgan, Kosonsay, Uchkurgan, most important factor for getting out of poverty Chartak, Yangikurgan and fruit trees and vine should be the aspiration of a person, relying on his seedlings were planted in the farms. This is stated by own strength, clearly striving for the goal”. the president of Uzbekistan Sh.Mirziyoyev Based on the above, we can say that the commented that in the current probationary period, it clusters that are currently being established in almost is necessary to assess the lack of sowing on the lands all sectors and sectors of the national economy are of the garden plot, as well as the neglected showing themselves in the creation of new jobs and abandonment-treason against the land and the land. in the production of finished products with high Because the coronavirus pandemic is evident in added value. Today, the clusters established on the countries around the world that there are not enough basis of “Garden plot services” LLC cover the policies and measures to deal with food insecurity. complete process from the supply of seeds, seedlings, Therefore, heads of regional, district chemicals, mineral fertilizers necessary for the governorship, farmer farms council, Ministry of cultivation of products in the population farm to the cocktails, neighborhoods and people's reception purchase, storage and reproduction of the product houses should study the organization of greenhouses being grown, which ultimately means the creation of by entering into apartments in the regions and new jobs. planting various crops, fruit trees and Vine seedlings It is desirable to pay attention to the in the farms and provide practical assistance in following in order to further develop the garden plot, solving the existing problems. which in our opinion is one of the main factors that President Sh.Mirziyoyev noted in his will solve the socio-economic problems in the future, address to the Oliy Majlis and the people of and on this basis get out of poverty. Uzbekistan: in the field of poverty reduction, the Firstly, ensure unconditional implementation attention of the chambers and local councils of the of the law, form and decisions on the development of Oliy Majlis should be given to the assessment of the garden plot from the end of our state. To identify the real situation in the regions, control over the responsible persons who control their implementation implementation of the work carried out. and to carry out regular analysis of their account and In general, each district and the governor of to take appropriate measures to eliminate the the city should develop a targeted program to reduce shortcomings identified in this regard. poverty in its territory within a month, and in the Secondly, regular study of the use of garden implementation of which the local councils in each plot at the intersection of the local civil society quarter should provide the public account through the gathering. Regular coverage of the experiences mass media. This issue should become the main accumulated in the owners of the farmyard, where criterion by which all the leaders will be given the the sample operates, through the media. task of the first degree and the evaluation of the work Third, to ensure the stability of the activity effect. of the clusters of seeds, seedlings, chemicals, mineral It should be noted that some people think fertilizer suppliers to farm farms, fodder for that the assistance provided by the state and the livestock, veterinary services, that is, “Garden plot preferential conditions created are permanent. People services”. of such categories are given credit instead of raising Fourth, it is necessary to conclude contracts money, raising pet animals, taking different pet in advance with the buyer, keeper and processing products and satisfying their family and local market enterprises of agricultural products grown in the demand, while the money given to the pet on credit is quadruple, farmhouses, and ensure their timely strict used to satisfy their other extiuses by buying cheap implementation, that is, further improvement of the pet. There are also cases when the given seedling Organization of the cultivation of products by the does not sow fruit tree seedlings in time, and the cluster method. planted ones also do not receive adequate care. Such Fifth, to carry out explanatory work among negative cases arise from cases of non-repayment of the population on the essence of the content, loans granted by banks on time. Even some families affidavits of clusters “Garden plot services”. This is do not dream of paying a loan at all. Goosebumps widely used in the media. account for the fact that this loan is given to them as Secondly, “Garden plot services” LLC “favour”. But in fact, a barked loan means an further expansion and stability of the activities of the obligation, a responsibility. It means getting out of joints, providing the export of products grown in the poverty by employing family members and earning population farms. on this basis. It's time to radically change the way the Seventh, establishing timely repayment of world views people in such a turbid, fattening mood. loans granted by banks to families, applying economic penalties to citizens whose credit resources

2021 EPRA IJMR | www.eprajournals.com | Journal DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra2013 476 ISSN (Online): 2455-3662 EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) - Peer Reviewed Journal Volume: 7 | Issue: 6 | June 2021|| Journal DOI: 10.36713/epra2013 || SJIF Impact Factor 2021: 8.047 || ISI Value: 1.188

have not been used purposefully and who have not returned on time. Eighth, organization of practical and visual seminar on the principles of “garden plot source of income”, “one neighborhood-one product”, “from field to table”, in the section of regions. Regular coverage of sample farm activities and accumulated experiences through the media. In summary, garden plot farms are becoming more important today in solving the problem of poverty through the provision of employment and regular income generation. In view of this, the activities of clusters of farm services are being launched for the sustainable development of farm farms, the purpose of which is to positively solve the socio-economic problems in our country.

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2021 EPRA IJMR | www.eprajournals.com | Journal DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra2013 477