CONVERGENCE and CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES for CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Published By: Deutsche Gesellschaft Für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) Gmbh

CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH

Registered offices Bonn and Eschborn

Water Security and Climate Adaptation in Rural India (WASCA) A2/18, Safdarjung Enclave New Delhi 110 029 India T: +91 11 4949 5353 F : + 91 11 4949 5391

E: [email protected] I: www.giz.de

Authors: Mohammad Faiz Alam, Alok Sikka, Shilp Verma, Dipika Adhikari, Sudharshan M, Harikrishnan Santhosh All authors are associated with the International Water Management Institute (IWMI)

Technical Review: Raghvendra Pratap Singh (Director), Ankita Sharma, Avanindra Kumar, Kiran Padhy, Neha Saxena Jitendra Anand (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India)

Suneel Kumar Arora (Adviser), Pradnya Mathur, Shreya Shekhar (National Water Mission, Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of India)

Rajeev Ahal, Vaibhav Sharma, Meekha Hannah Paul, Astrid Regler, Mohit Gupta (WASCA, GIZ India)

Editor: Nidhi Keshav

Design and Layout: Caps & Shells Creatives Pvt Ltd.

Photo Credits: GIZ India/IWMI All associated photographers have been attributed respectively.

On behalf of German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)

GIZ India is responsible for the content of this publication.

Contact: Rajeev Ahal Director, Natural Resource Management and Agroecology Email: [email protected]

New Delhi, India August 2020 CONTENTS

Foreword 6. Private Sector Partnerships, 4-5 NGOs and International Funding Agencies Message 56 06 6.1 Private Sector 6.2 Non-Government Organisations Executive Summary 6.3 International and National Funding Agencies

07 7. CRWM Convergence and 1. Introduction Co-financing models 61 14 7.1 Mukhyamantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan 7.2 Underground Transfer of Floods for Irrigation 2. Scope of the Report 7.3 Upscaling Climate Smart agriculture 7.4 Managing Climate Risks of Floods and Droughts 19 3. Climate-Resilient 8. Institutional Convergence Water Management and Co-financing 22 69 8.1 Existing Guidelines on Convergence 8.2 Existing Institutional Arrangements 4. Central and State 8.3 Suggested Institutional Arrangement Government Schemes 8.4 Challenges in Convergence

25 9. Conclusion 4. Central and State Government Schemes 4.1 Water Resource Assessment 79 4.2 Water Supply Augmentation 4.3 Water Demand Management 4.4 Water Quality Management References 4.5 Water Risk Management 4.5.1 Flood Management 81 4.5.2 Drought Management 4.6 Capacity Building 4.7 Value/Income Enhancing Activities 4.8 Co-Management/Indirect Management Annexures 85 5. Rating of Schemes 52 FOREWORD

Greetings from National Water Mission!

National Water Mission (NWM) was set up in 2011 with the objective of “conservation of water, minimising wastage & ensuring its more equitable distribution both across and within the states through integrated water resource development and management.”

Keeping with the overarching objectives of its 5 main goals, NWM has initiated two separate campaigns-

‘Sahi-Fasal’ to nudge farmers in the water stressed areas to grow crops which are not water intensive, but use water very e ciently; and are economically remunerative; are healthy and nutritious; suited to the agro-climatic-hydro characteristics of the area; and are environmentally friendly. Under this, a series of workshops are being organised in the water stressed areas of the country.

‘Catch the rain’ with an aim to nudge all stakeholders to create Rain Water Harvesting Structures (RWHS) suitable to the climatic conditions and sub-soil strata, before the onset of monsoon, to ensure storage of rain water; while utilising Mahatma Gandhi NREGA funds for water conservation works, drives, for rooftop RWHS, maintenance of catchment areas and to put water back into aquifers.

With the use of Composite Water Resource Management (CWRM) framework, the Indo-German project on Water Security and Climate Adaptation in Rural India (WASCA) in partnership with Ministry of Rural Development and Ministry of Jal Shakti through the NWM, tangibly contributes to the targets under the 3rd, 4th and 5th Goals of NWM, while also making use of Mahatma Gandhi NREGA works in social programmes; and in their publications, they highlight the importance of demand side management in water use planning, becoming a knowledge product that aims to identify nancing and convergence opportunities.

With regards, G. Asok Kumar Additional Secretary & Mission Director National Water Mission

04 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT FOREWORD

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA) has been providing guaranteed wage employment of up to 100 days in a nancial year to every rural Indian household whose adult members are willing to do unskilled manual labour. e programme has contributed towards creation of durable assets and strengthening the livelihood resource base across rural India, since 2006. As of July 2020, 8.52 crore households of the 14.26 crore households registered under the programme, are active workers. e programme received the highest ever budget allocation of INR 1,05,000 crore in FY 2020-21, including an additional allocation of INR 40,000 crore to support infrastructure development and livelihood augmentation during the Covid-19 situation.

Mahatma Gandhi NREGA has immense focus on improving natural resource management and water conservation and management in rural areas. In this regard, the Mission Water Conservation was launched in 2016 as a convergent initiative with the Ministry of Water Resources and the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer’s Welfare, for allocating 65% programme expenditure on NRM and water-related works in the 2,129 water-stressed blocks across the country. In subsequent years, the programme supported the Jal Shakti Abhiyan and Jal Jeevan Mission initiatives of the Ministry of Jal Shakti.

e Indo-German project on Water Security and Climate Adaptation in Rural India (WASCA) is in partnership with the Ministry of Rural Development and the Ministry of Jal Shakti. e project has a key focus on climate-resilient water resource management and is being implemented in selected districts of four states namely, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Composite Water Resources Management (CWRM) planning framework is a key contribution of the project that is now being piloted in the project areas. is publication on ‘Convergence and Co-nancing opportunities for Climate-Resilient Water Management’ highlights the need and scope of convergent nancing for implementing the action plan that will be developed through the CWRM framework.

We hope these key elements will prove to further the knowledge of readers and support the rural development and other departments at a district level in convergent nancing and implementation of CWRM.

Best wishes, Rohit Kumar Joint Secretary (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA) Ministry of Rural Development

05 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT MESSAGE

e German Development Cooperation (GIZ) is the implementing agency of the Technical Cooperation for the German Government and is currently present in over 120 countries worldwide. e Indo-German cooperation is 62 years young and works with the Governments and other organisations on issues of environment, climate change, sustainable agriculture, energy, social security among others.

GIZ India has been implementing the Indo-German project on ‘Water Security and Climate Adaptation in Rural India’ (WASCA) with the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) and the Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoJS) since 2019. Commissioned by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), the project aims to improve water security and rural climate adaptation through better management of rural water resources.

e project’s intended outputs include:

1. Improved convergence of existing planning and nancing approaches to strengthen water security. 2. Demonstration of convergent planning, nancing and implementation at local level. 3. Cooperation with the private sector.

Water resource management is a signicant issue in India today, and as alerted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, water is one of the key resources impacted by climate change. e BMZ notes that all the existing problems surrounding water, such as too much water causing oods, too little water causing droughts, or water pollution, will all be further exacerbated by climate change. It is in this context that WASCA has developed a Composite Water Resource Management (CWRM) framework synthesising learnings from various Indo-German projects and rural development programmes in India, to provide a sustainable and holistic district level water plan suitable for a convergent nancing and implementation of water security and climate adaptation measures.

Given WASCA’s and CWRM’s focus on enhancing climate-related water action, this report will prove crucial in recognising convergence and co-nancing opportunities while providing a blueprint for eective execution of climate-resilient water management strategies. e ndings will act as relevant sources for the development of interventions within our existing institutions. ese strategies with an overlap of adaptation and mitigation aspects will help cope with impending climate-induced uncertainties as we move ahead.

We hope that this report will be a useful input for the implementation of CWRM measures in the WASCA project locations. Further, we look forward to sharing the results and evidence from the piloting process in WASCA project locations and supporting our Ministerial and state government partners in further upscaling and mainstreaming the approach countrywide. We hope that this way of mapping nancial opportunities could also be useful at a global level.

Best regards, Rajeev Ahal Director, Natural Resource Management and Agroecology GIZ India

06 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

In 2019, NITI Aayog estimated that resource development along with To address funding and knowledge gaps the central and state schemes have their India’s GDP by 2050 could be lost by 6% numerous agship programmes such as in developing CRWM, we also explore respective convergence guidelines with due to water scarcity. Given growing Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana opportunities presented through private tasks identied and it is suggested that for climate-induced uncertainties and the (PMKSY) for delivering ‘har khet ko pani’; players, CSR initiatives, international and planning and implementation of CRWM, centrality of water in India’s largely Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABhY) for reducing national donors and civil society village/gram panchayat is the most agrarian and rural livelihoods, the groundwater over-exploitation; Jal Jeevan organizations. Some of the largest appropriate unit to bring about adoption of climate-resilient water Mission (for delivering safe drinking water industry-led initiatives in water meaningful impact of convergence and management (CRWM) is crucial for to all households); Namami Gange (for conservation, restoration and quality co-nancing with Mahatma Gandhi India’s ‘water future’. CRWM can be rejuvenation of Ganges river); National management nanced by Reliance NREGA as the central scheme for water summed up as water management Hydrology Project (for improved water Foundation, Hindustan Unilever adaptation to climate change. interventions that enhance the system’s information, planning and management); Foundation, Johnson & Johnson, Tata Finally, the concept of convergence is not ability to maintain hydrological processes Swachh Bharat Abhiyan-Gramin, for rural Motors Ltd, Hindalco, etc. exhibit new; it has been the suggested ‘mantra’ for and build exibility and adaptability to sanitation; and so on. immense potential for co-nancing inter-sectoral collaboration for deal with climate-induced uncertainties at CRWM activities. Apart from that, role of co-nancing for a while, especially for dierent geographical and temporal Apart from MoJS, there are number of Confederation of Indian Industry-Triveni implementing development schemes and scales. e core components of CRWM complementary schemes that contribute Water Institute (CII-TWI), Federation of programmes. It is not without challenges may be categorised as water resource to CRWM components, for example: Indian Chambers of Commerce and Mahatma Gandhi National Rural and despite the best of intentions, it often assessment, water supply augmentation, Industry (FICCI) and ASSOCHAM Employment Guarantee Act suers in execution due to water demand management, water quality (Mahatma Foundation for Corporate Social sectoral/silo-thinking; lack of exibility management, water risk management, Gandhi NREGA) of the Ministry of Responsibility (AFCSR) as organisations Pradhan Mantri and imagination; absence of conducive capacity building/awareness, Rural Development; involved in private CSR activities is also Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthan policy framework; and a general aversion value/income enhancing activities and important. Additionally, international and Mahabhiyan for risks associated with institutional indirect or co-management. With this in (PM-KUSUM) of the national donor agencies working closely innovations. e convergence and mind, this report focuses on identifying Ministry of New and Renewable Energy on water and related sectors such as green co-nancing mechanisms and models we CRWM avenues by mapping convergence (MNRE); National Mission for climate funds, international climate propose can hopefully overcome some of and co-nancing opportunities for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) and initiative, adaptation funds, international Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana these issues by oering attractive win-win executing them within existing (RKVY) of fund for agriculture development, opportunities and by clearly institutional regimes. the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ NABARD’s Watershed Development Welfare. All of these, and some more, are Funds (WDF) and WDF-Climate demonstrating that the combined eort e report carefully and meticulously mapped and dierent CRWM proong oer signicant co-nancing will bring results that are substantially maps several central and state level components identied. In addition, we opportunities. Civil society organisations more than the sum of individual results. government initiatives, policies and also review and map several relevant have a large pool of personnel with eld e report also suggests that capacity schemes with the potential for building programmes, schemes and policies in the and community organisation skills that building of implementing agencies and and enhancing climate resilience through four WASCA project states- Madhya can be leveraged for implementing their programme sta; eld testing and E.g Mukhyamantri Krishak improved water management and Pradesh ( . CRWM plans. ne-tuning of co-nanced CRWM governance. e Ministry of Jal Shakti Samraddhi Yojana); Rajasthan (E.g. models before execution of large scale; (MoJS), Government of India is the nodal Mukhyamantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan); With a specic focus on WASCA project development of a common planning and agency for water resources planning, Tamilnadu (E.g. Kudimaramath; Irrigated states, the report oers some potential reporting format; and making these management and development in the Agriculture Modernisation Project); and convergence models for CRWM accessible through a common portal can country. It underlines its water vision Uttar Pradesh (E.g. State Groundwater execution. also go a long way in improving through the National Water Mission and Conservation Mission) - that contribute convergence. e institutional framework for executing National Water Policy; providing broad to CRWM. convergence is critical in CRWM objectives, goals and framework for water planning and implementation. Most of

07 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT In 2019, NITI Aayog estimated that resource development along with To address funding and knowledge gaps the central and state schemes have their India’s GDP by 2050 could be lost by 6% numerous agship programmes such as in developing CRWM, we also explore respective convergence guidelines with due to water scarcity. Given growing Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana opportunities presented through private tasks identied and it is suggested that for climate-induced uncertainties and the (PMKSY) for delivering ‘har khet ko pani’; players, CSR initiatives, international and planning and implementation of CRWM, centrality of water in India’s largely Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABhY) for reducing national donors and civil society village/gram panchayat is the most agrarian and rural livelihoods, the groundwater over-exploitation; Jal Jeevan organizations. Some of the largest appropriate unit to bring about adoption of climate-resilient water Mission (for delivering safe drinking water industry-led initiatives in water meaningful impact of convergence and management (CRWM) is crucial for to all households); Namami Gange (for conservation, restoration and quality co-nancing with Mahatma Gandhi India’s ‘water future’. CRWM can be rejuvenation of Ganges river); National management nanced by Reliance NREGA as the central scheme for water summed up as water management Hydrology Project (for improved water Foundation, Hindustan Unilever adaptation to climate change. interventions that enhance the system’s information, planning and management); Foundation, Johnson & Johnson, Tata Finally, the concept of convergence is not ability to maintain hydrological processes Swachh Bharat Abhiyan-Gramin, for rural Motors Ltd, Hindalco, etc. exhibit new; it has been the suggested ‘mantra’ for and build exibility and adaptability to sanitation; and so on. immense potential for co-nancing inter-sectoral collaboration for deal with climate-induced uncertainties at CRWM activities. Apart from that, role of co-nancing for a while, especially for dierent geographical and temporal Apart from MoJS, there are number of Confederation of Indian Industry-Triveni implementing development schemes and scales. e core components of CRWM complementary schemes that contribute Water Institute (CII-TWI), Federation of programmes. It is not without challenges may be categorised as water resource to CRWM components, for example: Indian Chambers of Commerce and Mahatma Gandhi National Rural and despite the best of intentions, it often assessment, water supply augmentation, Industry (FICCI) and ASSOCHAM Employment Guarantee Act suers in execution due to water demand management, water quality (Mahatma Foundation for Corporate Social sectoral/silo-thinking; lack of exibility management, water risk management, Gandhi NREGA) of the Ministry of Responsibility (AFCSR) as organisations Pradhan Mantri and imagination; absence of conducive capacity building/awareness, Rural Development; involved in private CSR activities is also Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthan policy framework; and a general aversion value/income enhancing activities and important. Additionally, international and Mahabhiyan for risks associated with institutional indirect or co-management. With this in (PM-KUSUM) of the national donor agencies working closely innovations. e convergence and mind, this report focuses on identifying Ministry of New and Renewable Energy on water and related sectors such as green co-nancing mechanisms and models we CRWM avenues by mapping convergence (MNRE); National Mission for climate funds, international climate propose can hopefully overcome some of and co-nancing opportunities for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) and initiative, adaptation funds, international Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana these issues by oering attractive win-win executing them within existing (RKVY) of fund for agriculture development, opportunities and by clearly institutional regimes. the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ NABARD’s Watershed Development Welfare. All of these, and some more, are Funds (WDF) and WDF-Climate demonstrating that the combined eort e report carefully and meticulously mapped and dierent CRWM proong oer signicant co-nancing will bring results that are substantially maps several central and state level components identied. In addition, we opportunities. Civil society organisations more than the sum of individual results. government initiatives, policies and also review and map several relevant have a large pool of personnel with eld e report also suggests that capacity schemes with the potential for building programmes, schemes and policies in the and community organisation skills that building of implementing agencies and and enhancing climate resilience through four WASCA project states- Madhya can be leveraged for implementing their programme sta; eld testing and E.g Mukhyamantri Krishak improved water management and Pradesh ( . CRWM plans. ne-tuning of co-nanced CRWM governance. e Ministry of Jal Shakti Samraddhi Yojana); Rajasthan (E.g. models before execution of large scale; (MoJS), Government of India is the nodal Mukhyamantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan); With a specic focus on WASCA project development of a common planning and agency for water resources planning, Tamilnadu (E.g. Kudimaramath; Irrigated states, the report oers some potential reporting format; and making these management and development in the Agriculture Modernisation Project); and convergence models for CRWM accessible through a common portal can country. It underlines its water vision Uttar Pradesh (E.g. State Groundwater execution. also go a long way in improving through the National Water Mission and Conservation Mission) - that contribute convergence. e institutional framework for executing National Water Policy; providing broad to CRWM. convergence is critical in CRWM objectives, goals and framework for water planning and implementation. Most of

08 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

A-D D-G G-M

ABhY DIP GoTN Atal Bhujal Yojana District Irrigation Plan Government of Tamil Nadu

AED DLIC GP Agriculture Engineering Department District Level Implementation Committee Gram Panchayat

APC DoA ICAR Agriculture Production Commissioner Department of Agriculture Indian Council of Agricultural Research

BRC DoF IDWG Block Resource Centre Department of Fisheries Inter Departmental Working Group

BWSC DoGW INR Block Water and Sanitation Committee Department of Groundwater Indian Rupee

C-DAPs DoIWR ISAM Comprehensive District Agriculture Plans Department of Irrigation and Water Integrated Scheme on Agricultural Resource Marketing CEGC Central Employment Guarantee Council DoLR ISRO Department of Land Resources Indian Space Research Organisation CSR Corporate Social Responsibility DoMA&WS IWMP Department of Municipal Administration Integrated Watershed Management CRWM and Water Supply Programme Climate-Resilient Water Management DoRD&PR JJM CS Department of Rural Development and Jal Jeevan Mission Chief Secretary of the State Panchayati Raj KBS CWC DoWR Krishi Bhagya Scheme Central Water Commission Department of Water Resources KTY DAC&FW DoWR, RD&GR Khet Tirtha Yojana Department of Agriculture, Cooperation Department of Water Resources, River and Farmers’ Welfare Development and Ganga Rejuvenation KVK Krishi Vigyan Kendra DAPs DPC District Action Plans District Programme Coordinator LTIF Long Term Irrigation Fund DAPU DWSM District Agriculture Planning Unit District Water and Sanitation Mahatma Gandhi NREGA Committee Mahatma Gandhi National Rural BAPU/TAPU Employment Guarantee Act Block or Taluka Agriculture Planning Unit FMBAP Flood Management and Border Areas MKSP DAY Programme Mahila Kisan Sashaktikaran Pariyojana Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana GGJVY MJSA DC Guru Golvalkar Janbhagidari Mukhyamantri Jal Swavlamban District Collector Vikas Yojana Abhiyan

DDWS GMRS MLIS Department of Drinking Water and Groundwater Management and Micro Lift Irrigation Scheme Sanitation Regulation Scheme

09 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT M-N N-P P-S

MNRE NHP PMKSaY Ministry of New and Renewable Energy National Hydrology Project Pradhan Mantri Sampada Yojana MoAFW NICRA Ministry of Agriculture and National Initiative on Climate PMKSY-AIBP Farmers’ Welfare Resilient Agriculture Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana- Accelerated Irrigation Benefit MoFPI NJJM Programme Ministry of Food Processing Industries National Jal Jeevan Mission PMKSY-HKKP MoJS NMAET Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Ministry of Jal Shakti National Mission on Agricultural Yojana- Har Khet Ko Pani Extension and Technology MoPR PMKSY-PDMC Ministry of Panchayati Raj NMSA Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee National Mission on Sustainable Yojana- Per Drop More Crop MoRD Agriculture Ministry of Rural Development PMKVY NMT Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana MoSDE National Management Team Ministry of Skill Development and PO Entrepreneurship NPSHF Programme Officer National Project on Soil Health MoSJE and Fertility PRIs Ministry of Social Justice and Panchayati Raj Institutions Empowerment NRLM National Rural Livelihood Mission PWD MoSPI Public Works Department Ministry of Statistics and Programme NSC Implementation National Steering Committee RADP Rainfed Area Development Programme MoTA NWM Ministry of Tribal Affairs National Water Mission RBM River Basin Management MPLADS NWP Member of Parliament Local Area National Water Policy RGSA Development Scheme Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan PAPU/VAPU MSDA Panchayat or Village Agriculture RHRMP Mission on Sustainable Dryland Planning Unit Rainwater Harvesting and Runoff Agriculture Management Programme PKVY MSP Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana RKVY-RAFTAAR Minimum Support Price Rashtriya Krishi Vikas PM-KUSUM Yojana- Remunerative Approaches NABARD Pradhan Mantri- Kisan Urja Suraksha for Agriculture and Allied Sector National Bank for Agriculture and evam Utthan Mahabhiyan Rejuvenation Rural Development PMAGY SAPs NEC Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana State Agriculture Plans National Executive Committee PMFBY SAPs* NFSM Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana State Action Plans National Food Security Mission PMGSY SBA-G NHM Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana Swachh Bharat Abhiyan- Gramin National Horticulture Mission

10 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT S-S S-U U-W

SDGs SMC UTFI Sustainable Development Goals State Mahatma Gandhi NREGA Underground Transfer of Floods for Mission/Cell Irrigation SEGC State Employment Guarantee Council SMPP VAPs Sub-Mission on Plant Protection and Village Action Plans SGCM plant quarantine State Groundwater Conservation Mission VWSC SMSP Village Water and Sanitation Committee SGY Sub-Mission on Seed and Planting Suvarna Gramodaya Yojana material WDC-PMKSY Watershed Development Component- SIP SWSM PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana State Irrigation Plan State Water and Sanitation Mission WRD SLPSC TM Water Resources Department State Level Project Steering Committee Technical Team WRO SLSC TN-IAM Water Resources Organisation State Level Steering Committee Tamil Nadu- Irrigated Agriculture Modernisation WUAs SMAE Water User Associations Sub-Mission on Agriculture Extension UPWSRP Uttar Pradesh Water Sector SMAM Restructuring Project Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanisation

11 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Components of CRWM and examples of CRWM interventions Table 2: Rating of Central and State Level Schemes based on their Alignment to CRWM components and Budget Table 3: Key NGOs closely working in CRWM in WASCA Project states Table 4: List of International and National Funding Agencies for Convergence and Co-financing of CRWM Table 5: CSA Portfolio Alignment with CRWM components and related schemes Table 6: CRWM convergence model for drought and flood management Table 7: Current Framework/Guidance on Convergence under Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, RKVY, PMKSY and JJM schemes Table 8: Existing Institutional Structure for Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, RKVY, PMKSY and JJM schemes Table 9: Suggested Institutional Arrangement for Convergence

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Projected impacts of climate change on water cycle processes in different regions of India Figure 2: Flow chart showing major steps in data collection and synthesis Figure 3: Process of mapping schemes/programmes directly or indirectly contributing to CRWM Figure 4: Key Central Level Schemes under Water Resource Assessment Figure 5: Key Central and State Level Schemes under Water Supply Augmentation Figure 6: Key Central and State Level Schemes under Water Demand Management Figure 7: Key Central Level Schemes under Water Quality Management Figure 8: Key Central Schemes under Flood Management Figure 9: Key Central Schemes under Drought Management Figure 10: Key Central and State Level Schemes having Awareness/Capacity building component Figure 11: Key Central and State Level Schemes under Value/Income enhancing activities Figure 12: Convergence Model for effective water conservation and water harvesting under MJSA with solar and efficient irrigation Figure 13: Convergence model for upscaling Underground Transfer of Floods for Irrigation Figure 14: Convergence model for upscaling Climate Smart Agriculture Figure 15: Convergence model for integrated drought and flood management

12 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Common Thread Media / GIZ India 1 INTRODUCTION

Climate change will manifest itself most prominently through changes in the water cycle and its impacts are likely to get amplified in agrarian economies like India. Investing in improved water management is therefore critical for helping communities deal with climate-induced uncertainties.

Common Thread Media / GIZ India

14 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT It has been argued that one of the most hydrological processes in the water cycle prominent ways in which climate change will across dierent regions of India. manifest itself will be through its impact on the water cycle. Climate change is increasing e impacts highlight the importance of the variability in the water cycle, reducing focusing on water and investing in the predictability of water availability, improved ‘water management’ for helping inducing extreme weather and decreasing communities deal with climate-induced water quality threatening the water security uncertainties. Investing in improved water of all sectors (United Nations, 2019). ese management is thus critical to the three impacts are likely to get amplied in pillars of the response to global warming: 1 agriculture-dependent developing economies Adaptation, Mitigation and Resilience . like India and is widely expected to stress the Specically, in the context of climate country’s water management and governance change, the Intergovernmental Panel on systems and institutions. Climate Change (IPCC) has oered the Figure 1 illustrates how climate change is following denitions: likely to impact each of the key

Adaptation …the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate and its effects Mitigation …a human intervention to reduce emissions or enhance the sinks of greenhouse gases Resilience …the capacity of social, economic and environmental systems to cope with a hazardous event or trend or disturbance, responding or reorganising in ways that maintain their essential function, identity and structure while also maintaining the capacity for adaptation, learning and transformation

1https://cop23.com.fj/mitigation-adaptation-resilience/

15 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Indus–Ganges– Northern Mountain Ranges Brahmaputra plains

Higher snowmelt and precipitation Marginal decline in precipitation Greater temporal variability Reduction in number of rainy days Increased incidence of extreme Little or no change precipitation events

Declining glacial storage over time Higher evaporation and transpiration Lower productivity of rain-fed agriculture Increased stream flows up to 2030 gradual decline thereafter More siltation of surface reservoirs Growing reliance on sub-surface No other significant changes (groundwater) storage

Precipitation More runoff (5–20%) Less natural groundwater recharge

No other significant changes

Evapotranspiration

Coastal, delta and Peninsular Plateau island ecosystems Runoff Marginally higher (5–10%) precipitation Marginally higher (5–10%) precipitation Greater temporal variability Little or no change Higher evaporation and transpiration Lower productivity of rain-fed agriculture Risk of seawater intrusion in groundwater storage More siltation of surface reservoirs Little multi-year storage capacity Little or no change Storage More frequent and more severe drought events Rising sea level a key challenge for coastal More runoff and island ecosystems Less natural groundwater recharge Increase in incidence and severity of arsenic contamination No other significant changes Higher frequency of coastal floods and cyclones Any other changes

Source: James et al. (2018) c.f. Shah (2009)

Figure 1: Projected impacts of climate change on water cycle processes across different regions of India

1606 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT e 2019 Climate Change and UN Water surface and ground water storage through sequestered at the national level, farmers by various state governments – at Policy Brief succinctly highlights the water harvesting including farm ponds, considering all the Agro-Ecological an aggregate annual subsidy bill in excess central role of water management in tanks, and recharge measures at Regions and Natural Resource of US$ 12 billion - often critically climate adaptation – “water is to eld/farm/village/watershed level are Management (NRM) works of Mahatma hampering the viability of electricity adaptation what energy is to mitigation”. some proven examples of adaptation and Gandhi NREGA, for the year 2017, is utilities. All this means that the fates of

e Global Commission on Adaptation building resilience to climate change at estimated at 62 MtCO2 (metric tons of India’s water and energy economies are in its 2019 report underlined the the farm/watershed level (Sikka et al. carbon dioxide equivalent) with ‘Drought intricately intertwined and that for importance of investments in adaptation; 2018). Water and energy e cient Proong’ intervention providing about eective and sustainable results, water and highlighting making water resources irrigation methods such as drip irrigation 40% of the total carbon sequestration, energy will need to be co-managed – management more resilient as one of the not only help increase adaptation to considering all NRM works at the national combining aspects of adaptation and ve key areas of action for adaptation. climate change through water savings but level (Ravindranath and Murthy, 2018). resilience with overlapping mitigation Given the centrality of water in India’s also help in mitigation through reduced strategies. largely agrarian and rural livelihoods, this carbon emissions (Sikka et al. 2018). India’s heavy reliance on groundwater – adaptation and its contribution to Similarly, aorestation and soil for agricultural, industrial and domestic To overcome these challenges, there is a resilience becomes even more critical. conservation measures sequester carbon uses – adds another crucial dimension to need for an integrated approach to climate NITI Aayog (2019) estimated that by and reduce greenhouse gas emissions management and governance of water change and water management (United 2050, under the business as usual contributing to national and global eorts resources. No country in the world Nations, 2019) at the national and state scenario, as much as 6% of India’s GDP to address climate change (UNDP, 2012). pumps even half the amount of climate policy and planning. In addition, to could be lost due to the water crisis. groundwater that India does each year. meet the investments required for improved Many of these activities and interventions Much of this pumping is for irrigation and integrated water management, there is Adaptation activities in water are important components of government and nearly a fth of the country’s annual a critical need for bringing convergence and management include a range of schemes including Mahatma Gandhi energy demand is attributable to co-nancing which is still beset with silo possibilities at dierent scales varying National Rural Employment Guarantee subsidised or free farm power oered to thinking and processes. from elds/farms to river basins and Act (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA) and have national level (FAO, 2017). Soil moisture implicit alignment to adaptation and security in the form of improved in-situ mitigation. For example, total mean soil moisture conservation and enhanced carbon (biomass and soil organic carbon)

Hamish John Appleby / IWMI

17 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT e 2019 Climate Change and UN Water surface and ground water storage through sequestered at the national level, farmers by various state governments – at Policy Brief succinctly highlights the water harvesting including farm ponds, considering all the Agro-Ecological an aggregate annual subsidy bill in excess central role of water management in tanks, and recharge measures at Regions and Natural Resource of US$ 12 billion - often critically climate adaptation – “water is to eld/farm/village/watershed level are Management (NRM) works of Mahatma hampering the viability of electricity adaptation what energy is to mitigation”. some proven examples of adaptation and Gandhi NREGA, for the year 2017, is utilities. All this means that the fates of

Hamish John Appleby / IWMI

18 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 2 SCOPE OF THE REPORT

Mapping, identifying and synthesising convergence and co-financing opportunities across governmental and non-governmental programmes for climate-resilient water management to support ‘Water Security and Climate Adaptation in Rural India (WASCA)’.

Hamish John Appleby / IWMI

1906 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT ‘Water Security and Climate Ministry of Rural Development Adaptation in Rural India’ (WASCA) (MoRD) and Ministry of Jal Shakti is a three-year Indo-German project (MoJS) in India and implemented by launched in April 2019 with the key Deutsche Gesellschaft für objective of enhancing water Internationale Zusammenarbeit resources management with regards (GIZ) GmbH. e project is to water security and climate operational at the national level and adaptation in rural areas through an in select areas of ve states: Madhya integrated approach at national, state Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, and local level. e project is Uttar Pradesh and Karnataka commissioned by the German (Supported by WASCA through a Federal Ministry for Economic special project 'Technical support to Cooperation and Development Jalamrutha scheme and Government (BMZ) in partnership with the of Karnataka for water security').

UTTAR PRADESH RAJASTHAN

MADHYA PRADESH

The project has three key outputs: Improved convergence of KARNATAKA existing planning and financing approaches to strengthen water security Demonstration of convergent TAMIL NADU planning, financing and implementation at local level Cooperation with the private sector

20 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Defining CRWM and its components Categorising schemes and its Institutional Identifying schemes activities under Examples of CRWM convergence working on CRWM CRWM components Rating schemes convergence and challenges and based on activity co-financing framework matching and models budget

Figure 2: Flow chart showing major steps in data collection and synthesis

The report Within this larger context, this report Bank, Green Climate Fund) and private introduces and focuses on identifying CRWM sector (e.g. CSR activities). Figure 2 shows interventions and mapping convergence the major steps employed for the report to defines the and co-nancing opportunities for identify and map various convergence and concept of executing them with existing institutional co-nancing opportunities and develop an regimes. e report identies and maps institutional framework for eectively Climate Resilient existing national and state level executing CRWM. Water government programmes and schemes; Management and civil-society led initiatives and e report starts with introducing and programmes that exhibit the potential for dening the concept of CRWM and its (CRWM) and its building and enhancing climate resilience components. We then identify and map the components. through improved water management most important government schemes and and/or improved co-management of programmes at the national level and in the energy and water resources for delivering WASCA project states. e schemes are CRWM outcomes. e report also then classied based on recommended presents a generic institutional framework activities provided in the schemes’ guidelines for facilitating convergence and and their synergy with CRWM conancing of CRWM initiatives that is components. ereafter, a simple rating is intended for planners, policy makers and done based on the schemes activities’ programme designers. synergy with CRWM and their total budget. Identication of potential private companies Existing and potential convergence and (under CSR activities), NGOs, national and co-nancing opportunities have been international funds working in alignment synthesised across a broad spectrum that with CRWM is also carried out. Based on includes state and national identied opportunities, few innovative schemes/programmes and funds CRWM convergence and co-nancing (e.g. Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, Skill examples are highlighted. Finally, an India scheme, NABARD fund), illustrative institutional convergence international funds framework is provided for convergence and (e.g. World Bank, Asian Development co-nancing across schemes.

21 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 3 CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT

Climate-Resilient Water Management is the integrated portfolio of water management interventions aimed at enhancing the system’s ability to maintain hydrological processes and build flexibility and adaptability to deal with climate-induced water uncertainties at different geographical and time scales.

Traveling Tripod Films / GIZ India

2206 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT CRWM As part of an overall ‘climate adaptation’ water management, we classify the strategy, improved management and CRWM core areas and interventions into interventions governance of water resources can broad categories (Table 1). ese core areas include those contribute signicantly to improving the and broad activities are analysed further that help resilience of communities – especially poor when schemes are identied in terms of and underprivileged communities – to their synergy with CRWM. maintain the cope with climate-induced uncertainties. system’s ability James et al. (2018) dene CRWM as any Water resource assessment is the rst step in CRWM which aims to assess current to absorb set of improved management practices that aim to, “reduce the vulnerability of and future water availability under short-term at-risk populations to the adverse impacts of dierent scenarios. is requires shocks and climate change”. us, CRWM considering best available socio-economic and climate data and projections. Based sustain interventions include those that help maintain the system’s ability to absorb on this, suitable water supply/demand livelihoods short-term shocks and sustain livelihoods management and water quality as well as those that help communities management interventions need to be adapt to medium and longer-term climate prioritised and decided. e above may uncertainties and variability. In other also become part of larger water risk words, CRWM may be seen as a portfolio management strategies to build and of interventions that enhances the system’s enhance resilience against droughts and ability to maintain hydrological processes oods. Further, there may be cross-cutting and build exibility and adaptability to interventions or strategies that focus on deal with climate-induced long and livelihood support or income short-term water uncertainties. enhancement and co-management of inter-related sectors such as the What sets CRWM apart from the business water-energy-food-climate nexus; these as usual approach is that the interventions often involve policies and interventions are implemented considering key elements outside the water sector but can have of CRWM i.e. adaptability and exibility signicant impact on water governance towards long and short-term water and climate resilience. Finally, there are a uncertainties and they holistically focus on set of interventions and strategies that all aspects of water management, starting address the need for building capacity of from resource assessment and projections individuals and institutions (e.g. building to building capacity of people and capacity of gram panchayats to optimally institutions for long-term sustainability. utilise opportunities presented by Based on a review of interventions for Mahatma Gandhi NREGA).

2306 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Core Focal Examples of Areas Points interventions

Water resource Assessing current and future water availability Hydrological modelling; climate datasets assessment and demand under different scenarios Meteorological data assessment Requires use of modelling and latest data Digital technologies for planning, implementation and monitoring

Water supply All options to increase availability of surface Reservoirs, tanks, ponds, check dams; centralised augmentation and groundwater including creation of large and decentralised storage and small, surface and sub-surface storages Soil moisture conservation Water harvesting; water transfers

Water demand Options and strategies to reduce water Efficient irrigation technologies and practices including management demand and optimise its use drip, land levelling Increase resilience to droughts/dry periods Soil moisture-based irrigation scheduling Participatory mechanisms Shift to less water intensive crops and livelihood options

Water quality Wastewater treatment, management of point Treatment technologies and practices management and non-point source of pollution Safe practices for using primary-treated municipal Promotion of reuse for municipal and recycling wastewater for irrigation for industrial/commercial wastewater to reduce Awareness about direct and indirect health risks and pressure on freshwater resources mitigation measures Strategies to mitigate coastal and secondary Mitigating sea level rise salinisation and seawater intrusion Maintaining drainage in coastal aquifers Treatment of fluoride and arsenic contamination Management of deltas and island ecosystems

Water risk management Enhanced drought and flood resilience Field visits; exposure trips; farmer schools (floods and droughts) Mitigating and minimising adverse impacts Trainings, workshops Awareness campaigns, etc.

Awareness/Capacity Enhancing awareness and capacity at all levels Effective embankments; building/training Forecast and early warning/monitoring; Submergence/drought-tolerant crops and varieties Advisories/contingency measures

Income/Value enhancing Better agronomy practices Integrated nutrient and pesticide management Interventions Fertiliser and pesticide management, Dairy, horticulture, fisheries; poultry nutrient management High value agriculture Linkages with markets, processing units, Mechanised, market-driven agricultural enterprises storage infrastructure

Co-Management/ Co-management of interlinked sectors like Farm power tariff regimes; Indirect Management energy and water; water and food Solar pump promotion programmes; Actions outside the water sector that have Minimum support price (MSP) and Food a direct and significant impact on water security procurement policies Import tariffs and export restrictions

Table 1: Components of CRWM and examples of CRWM interventions

2406 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT 4 CENTRAL AND STATE GOVERNMENT SCHEMES

With water having inter-sectoral impact, number of schemes2 at the central and state level are operational under different ministries; directly or indirectly contributing to CRWM, albeit with lack of integrated planning and inter-sectoral convergence. Schemes are classified into eight thematic focus areas of CRWM.

Hamish John Appleby / IWMI

2 The term “schemes” here is defined very broadly to indicate all government initiatives i.e. all schemes, programmes, missions and projects (including time-bound funded large projects).

25 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT National Water Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoJS) is the nodal and (5) Promotion of basin level agency for water resources planning, integrated water resources management. Mission (NWM) management and development in the and National country with the vision of “Optimal NWP’s objective is to propose a Water Policy sustainable development, maintenance of framework for creation of a system of laws quality and e cient use of water resources to and set of high-level objectives for water (NWP) under match with the growing demands on this management nationally. With the rst MoJS provides precious natural resource of the country”. national policy coming in 1987, it was updated in 2002 and then in 2012. A broad objective, MoJS was formed in May 2019 by merging two ministries: Ministry of Water revision of the NWP is under planning. goals and Resources, River Development & Ganga NWP of 2012 emphasised on an framework for Rejuvenation and Ministry of Drinking integrated perspective of water resources planning taking river/sub-basin as a unit water resource Water and Sanitation bringing together all the national water schemes, programmes, with a focus on planning projects with development in missions and agencies (such as Central multipurpose aims, bringing integration the country. Water Commission, Central Ground into data information systems and Water Board, River Boards, Department increasing water use e ciency. of Drinking Water and Sanitation etc.) ese goals and objectives of NWM and under one umbrella. is was done to NWP reect the vision of moving towards bring in the much needed convergence comprehensive and holistic water and integrated management of the water management which encompasses directly sector which needs to be broadened with or indirectly all the components of convergence with other ministries’ CRWM. As water is a cross-cutting theme programmes for CRWM. impacting all sectors, there are a number National Water Mission (NWM) and of schemes both at the central and state National Water Policy (NWP) under level operational under dierent MoJS provides broad objective, goals and ministries, other than MoJS, which framework for water resource development directly or indirectly contribute to in the country. NWM, one among the CRWM. For instance, there is a strong eight missions of National Action Plan on complementarity between Mahatma Climate Change, was developed to ensure Gandhi NREGA under Ministry of Rural integrated water resources management to Development (MoRD) and various other conserve water, minimise wastage and central and state government schemes ensure more equitable distribution both specially related to natural resources across and within states. ere are ve management and agriculture. Great goals of India’s NWM: (1) developing a co-benets can be derived by seeking comprehensive water data base in the convergence of these schemes by pooling public domain and assessment of the their resources, nance and institutions for impact of climate change on water building CRWM plans. However, as they resources; (2) promotion of citizen and are planned and implemented by dierent state action for water conservation, ministries focusing on specic goals, a lack augmentation and preservation; (3) of integrated planning and convergence is Focused attention to vulnerable areas apparent. However, convergence has now including overexploited areas; (4) become a necessity and mantra for Increasing water use e ciency by 20% providing a critical mass and avoiding

26 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT duplication of works as well as the thin possible avenues and opportunities for distribution of limited resources for convergence to plan CRWM is a key gap impactful development, and CRWM is no that this report aims to reduce. e exception. However, convergence is not mapping carried out in this report is without challenges of diverse visions and intended to highlight schemes in dierent sectoral thinking, a lack of exibility and government departments and identify the incentives, along with social and political opportunities for convergence and dynamics. A lack of information on co-nancing for CRWM.

Mapping of government schemes

ere are a number of schemes operating at departments which cater directly or the national as well as the state level indirectly to water management and focusing on water security and climate development in rural areas: (MoJS), adaptation. To map and identify schemes Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ with scope, objectives and provisioned Welfare (MoAFW), Ministry of Rural activities covering all or part of CRWM Development (MoRD), and components, the following steps were taken: departments with a focus on capacity building and value-enhancing 1. Identify: e government departments activities of CRWM: Ministry of web portals and latest union budget Panchayati Raj (MoPR), Ministry of statements were reviewed to identify Food Processing Industries (MoFPI), schemes having direct relevance to Ministry of Skill Development and components of CRWM. ese were

Hamish John Appleby / IWMI

27 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT IDENTIFY REVIEW SYNTHESISE Government departments SELECT Scope and objectives with direct and indirect Scope, objective, Activities’ categorisation link with CRWM activities: link with CRWM Budget under CRWM components Government departments’ Budget > INR 100 crore Geographic coverage Rating based on focus and ongoing schemes from Provisioned activities number of activities websites and budget

Figure 3: Process of mapping schemes/programmes directly or indirectly contributing to CRWM

Entrepreneurship (MoSDE). In based on the number of activities addition, an online review with key under each component, ratings were words3 was carried out. Best eorts to assigned to each scheme. assess and review major schemes across a number of ministries were taken, 5. For the private sector, civil society however this may not be considered organisations, national and exhaustive. international funding agencies, the same four-step process was carried out 2. Select: From the identied schemes, through literature and web review the rst screening was done based on followed by reviews on scope, the schemes’ scope, objectives and objectives, budget and area-specic provisioned activities after which only coverage (with a special focus on those schemes with a clear link to WASCA project states). CRWM (subjective assignment) and budget of more than INR 100 crore (in e upcoming sections give details of the case of central schemes) were selected. identied schemes under each CRWM component. With WASCA’s focus on rural 3. Review: For the selected schemes, a areas and more than 90% of water in rural detailed review and analysis was carried areas being used for agriculture, the out. is included examining aspects schemes selected are naturally inclined of the scheme budget, objectives, towards agriculture. For a quick look, provisioned activities and coverage Annexure A gives a snapshot of schemes (areas or population specic, if any). indicating alignment with CRWM components, their budget, nodal ministry 4. Synthesise: Provisioned activities of and the scheme’s area/state- specic schemes were categorised under applicability. Wherever available, budget dierent CRWM components and component is taken from 2020-21

3Scheme/mission/programme/project + Water/Hydrology/Hydrogeology/Agriculture/Groundwater + India/WASCA states

28 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT expenditure budget of dierent ministries. pan India and focus on specic district or Budget is for the total scheme and may geographical area, Annexure B gives the have dierent outlays for each CRWM scheme’s geographic focus details, if any. component, however that was not Also, a detailed list of activities available for all and is not given. e provisioned under schemes supporting budget for the dierent schemes noted various CRWM components is given in here are as of, at the time of publication. Annexure C. As many of the schemes are not applicable

Disclaimer: In the sections that follow, the schemes’ total budget allocation is mapped. Total budget of schemes doesn’t represent allocation for individual components of CRWM and should therefore be interpreted accordingly. Mapping of schemes and their total budget allocation under dierent components only gives an indication – at the national/state level – which is needed to be disaggregated at implementation scale (district or block) as their budget distribution is not uniform across dierent CRWM components and at sub-national scale.

Hamish John Appleby / IWMI

29 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 4.1 Water Resource Assessment

Water resource assessment is the foremost Water Mission which, among its ve goals, and critical step towards making CRWM has its rst goal focusing on a plans. is incorporates present and future “Comprehensive water data base in public assessment of available resources, water risks domain and assessment of impact of climate and continuous monitoring along with change on water resources”. eective dissemination of information. Only with assessment and monitoring, Central Level Schemes further CRWM interventions can be Figure 4 shows the schemes at the central planned which are resilient and sustainable. level which either focus on water resource e importance of water resource assessment or have components which add assessment is underscored by the National to this.

River Basin Management (RBM)

Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABhY) MoJS

MoJS 200

6000 Flood Management and Border Areas Programme (FMBAP) National Hydrology Project (NHP) MoJS MoJS 750 200

Budget (in crore INR) Central

Figure 4: Key Central Level Schemes under Water Resource Assessment

National Hydrology Project (NHP), a monitoring systems, water resources World Bank funded project, at the national information systems and water resources level is one key project that focuses operation and planning systems. e specically on water resource assessment. activities (detailed in Annexure C1) focus NHP works with both central and state on setting up monitoring systems, national agencies responsible for surface and/or and sub-national water information centres groundwater planning and management, with web-enabled water resources including river basin organisations with the information systems for information objective of improving the extent, quality dissemination and development of tools and accessibility of water resources and decision support systems for improved information, and to strengthen the water resources planning and management. capacity of water resources management Monitoring stations, datasets, web systems institutions in India. Of its four main and tools developed under NHP provide a components, three exclusively focus on lot of useful data that can be tapped at the water resource assessment: water resources initial planning stage of CRWM.

30 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Other than NHP, there are some other they warrant an inclusion here as they play national schemes which do have one or the core role in water resource assessment. more components of water resource Some of the key central agencies that focus assessment but do not exclusively focus on on water resource assessment are Central this. For example, Atal Bhujal Yojana Water Commission (surface water), (ABhY) has provisions for monitoring Central Ground Water Board groundwater data and making aquifer (groundwater), India Meteorological maps which may be useful for groundwater Department (climate monitoring and planning. Schemes such as Flood forecasts), Indian Space Research Management and Border Areas Programme Organisation (for satellite monitoring and (FMBAP) and River Basin Management mapping) and National Institute of (RBM), provide data, maps and capability Hydrology (hydrology modelling etc.). on ood forecasting, hydrological Other than the repositories of vast data, modelling, ood zone mapping and they all have very strong technical and climate change vulnerability assessment institutional capabilities which can studies that can be used. signicantly support convergence of programmes while planning CRWM. In addition, under the assessment component, there are specic central level No state-specic schemes with a clear focus departments (Annexure D) that carry the on components adding to water resource main tasks of water resource assessment assessment were identied. However, continuously and are mostly responsible similar to central, there are state-specic for implementing these schemes. ough organisations and institutions that carry these are not projects or schemes as such, out these assessments.

Prasanth Vishwanathan / IWMI

31 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 4.2 Water Supply Augmentation

Water supply augmentation is at the centre combinations of works which are of CRWM and is essential for improving permissible under Mahatma Gandhi options of water availability to meet the NREGA, 181 works are related to natural unpredictability arising from climate resource management of which 84 are change which threatens water security of water related works (Mahatma Gandhi all sectors. Impact of climate change is NREGA guidelines). A big thrust of evident in increased frequency of droughts Mahatma Gandhi NREGA is on water impacting agriculture yields and income, conservation and water harvesting threatening domestic water supply in both structures with provisions for water supply rural and urban areas (e.g. Cape Town, Chennai) and impacting industrial augmentation of both surface and activities (e.g. power generation). Water sub-surface storage through activities such supply augmentation, of both surface and as constructing earthen dams, check dams, sub-surface storage, can play an important stop dams, contour trenches, bunds, and critical role in making water resources renovation of traditional water bodies resilient to the spatial and temporal including desilting, aorestation, tree imbalance and uncertainty in water plantation of irrigation tanks etc. With its resources. Water supply augmentation large budget and pan India coverage, consists of a range of practices focusing Mahatma Gandhi NREGA can be both on surface and sub-surface considered as a central scheme for (groundwater and soil) storage (Table 1). convergence and co-nancing water supply augmentation.

Central Level Schemes Similarly, other schemes such as Rashtriya e importance of water supply Krishi Vikas Yojana –RAFTAAR augmentation is clear from the large (RKVY-RAFTAAR) and Watershed number of schemes which incorporate this Development Component- PM Krishi as a part of their activities (Figure 5) and Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY-WDC) also have represents the large scope that exists of provisions for a complete range of surface convergence and co-nancing. e main and sub-surface water supply augmentation schemes at the central level, in terms of activities similar to Mahatma Gandhi activity focus on water supply and NREGA, however with a much lower provisioned budget, are Mahatma Gandhi budget. us, while planning water supply NREGA, RKVY-RAFTAAR, augmentation plans, these schemes can be WDC-PMKSY, ABhY and JJM. considered for converging and co-nancing interventions. For example, as Mahatma Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Gandhi NREGA works are labour Employment Guarantee Act (Mahatma intensive, construction of material Gandhi NREGA) which aims to enhance intensive works can be taken under other livelihood security by providing at least schemes with labour contribution coming 100 days of wage employment in rural from Mahatma Gandhi NREGA. ere areas to voluntary households, has a could also be specic convergence specic focus on natural resource opportunities such as construction of farm management. For example, out of 260

32 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Jal Jeevan ponds via Mahatma Gandhi NREGA and Connection to every rural household by provision of plastic/RCC lining through 2024.” us, development of sustainable Mission (JJM) RKVY-RAFTAAR. storages, supply source and infrastructure differs from the (supply pipelines, bulk transfer etc.) is one above schemes Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABhY) is a recently of its key activities. For sustainable supply launched scheme, building and expanding sources, convergence of JJM with other with a specific on previous Groundwater Management supply augmentation schemes to protect focus on rural and Regulation schemes, specically and sustain supply sources is critical. As focusing on groundwater management and household water also mentioned in JJM guidelines, for will be operational in about 8300 gram source recharging and protection, supply with the panchayat and 78 districts in seven water watershed and spring shed principles need aim to “provide distressed states of Gujarat, Haryana, to be adopted in convergence with other Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Functional schemes such as Mahatma Gandhi Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. ABhY’s NREGA, PMKSY-WDC, MPLADS etc. Household Tap main focus is on participatory groundwater management leading to community water Other than this, there are a number of Connection to security plans and has provisions for a other central schemes such as National every rural range of water supply augmentation Food Security Mission (NFSM), National household by activities such as check dams, percolation Horticulture Mission (NHM) and tanks & desilting tanks, recharge PMKSY-Har Khet Ko Pani 2024.” shafts/wells/trenches/bunds, rooftop (PMKSY-HKKP) where, along with the surface water harvesting, storm water focus on agriculture and horticulture, harvesting structures, farms ponds/farm provisions for constructing and ditches, etc. maintaining farm ponds, dug wells, reservoirs and tanks exist to ensure Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) diers from the sustainable water supply for agriculture. above schemes with a specic focus on PMKSY-AIBP focuses on faster completion rural household water supply with the aim of ongoing Major and Medium Irrigation to “provide Functional Household Tap including National Projects.

33 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Mahatma Gandhi Yojana- Remunerative Approaches for Agriculture and National Rural Employment Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) Guarantee Act Allied Sector Rejuvenation (Mahatama Gandhi NREGA) (RKVY-RAFTAAR) MoJS MoRD MoAFW 11218 1015004 3700

Member of Parliament Watershed Development Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABhY) Local Area Development National Food Security PM Krishi Sinchayee Component- PM Krishi Scheme (MPLADS)6 Yojana -Accelerated Irrigation Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY-WDC) Mission (NFSM) Benefit Programme (PMKSY-AIBP) MoAFW MoRD MoSPI MOAFW 2000 3960 2100 17985

National Horticulture PM Krishi Sinchayee Mission (NHM) Mukhyamantri Jal Yojana-Har Khet Ko Pani Swavlamban Abhiyan (PMKSY-HKKP) (MJSA) MoAFW MoJS DoWR 2300 1050 1247

Krishi Bhagya Suvarna Gramodaya scheme (KBS) Jalamrutha Yojana (SGY) Kudimaramath scheme DoA DoRD&PR DoRD&PR PWD 45 500 438 300

Tamil Nadu Irrigated Mission on UPWSRP-2 (UP Water Agriculture Sustainable Dryland Sector Restructuring Modernisation (TN-IAM) Agriculture (MSDA) Project-phase II) (2013-2020) WRO, PWD and GoTN AED DoIWR 235 2835 292

State Groundwater Conservation Rainwater harvesting Mission (SGCM) and runoff management programme (RHRMP) DoGW DoA 8 80 120

Central Karnataka Tamil Nadu Budget (in crore INR) Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh

Figure 5: Key Central and State Level Schemes under Water Supply Augmentation

4This budget includes additional INR 40,000 crore received as part of the Covid-19 response through Atmanirbhar Abhiyan. 5Funded through Long Term Irrigation Fund (LTIF) in NABARD. Budget number represents amount released in 2019. http://pmksy-mowr.nic.in/aibp/AIBPDashBoard.aspx 6MPLADS funds is suspended during 2020-21 and 2021-22 with funds going to Consolidated Fund of India for COVID-19 response. 7Total cost of work completed under MJSA phase-IV. http://mjsa.water.rajasthan.gov.in/ 8SGCM is envisioned to be carried out through convergence of scheme. Budget number represents of total allocation to minor irrigation and groundwater department, the main department responsible to carry out SGCM, for the 2018-19 financial year. http://upgwd.gov.in/MediaGallery/Digdarshika2018-2019.pdf

34 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT State Level Schemes Another project is Tamil Nadu Irrigated Agriculture Modernisation (TN-IAM) Rajasthan with support from the World Bank. At the state level, Rajasthan initiated a TN-IAM is a follow up of the Irrigated campaign named Mukhyamantri Jal Agriculture Modernisation and Swavlamban Abhiyan (MJSA) in the year Water-Bodies Restoration and 2016 which converges all the existing Management project. e project aims to schemes of various departments working enhance climate resilience of irrigated on water conservation and water harvesting agriculture, improve water management in rural areas. Holistic participatory and increase market opportunities for approach is adopted under the programme farmers and agro-entrepreneurs. e with nancial assistance from multiple project will cover 66 sub-basins, which was stakeholders such as government, corporate not covered under the earlier phase of social responsibility (CSR), project. Under the supply component, the non-government organisations and people’s project will modernise irrigation participation. e main objective of the infrastructures, including tanks, anicuts programme is to e ciently utilise water and irrigation canals through rehabilitation from rainfall, runo, groundwater and and modernisation of about 4,800 tanks in-situ soil moisture in a watershed and 477 anicuts. approach. Provisions for activities such as Besides these, there are two other state water harvesting structures, groundwater schemes focusing on rainwater harvesting recharge structures, drain widening etc. are for groundwater recharge and soil moisture part of the scheme to strengthen water retention. ese are the Rainwater supply. MJSA is one of the agship Harvesting and Runo Management initiatives of Government of Rajasthan Programme (RHRMP) and the Mission on which would not only provide meaningful Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (MSDA). lessons/learnings for convergence but can e works under RHRMP are carried out also be considered for converging and in watershed approach with 100% grant co-nancing interventions. on works in community lands whereas Tamil Nadu MSDA aims to achieve sustainable production in dryland agriculture through In 2019, Government of Tamil Nadu in the development of 1000 dryland clusters keeping with the objectives of Jal Shakti @ 1000 ha of cluster dryland per cluster Abhiyan, launched Kudimaramath: Tamil under which setting up water harvesting Nadu Water Resource Conservation and structures is a main activity. Augmentation Mission. e objective of Kudimaramath is the rejuvenation of minor Karnataka irrigation tanks, ponds and ooranies in rural In Karnataka, 2019 was celebrated as the areas through convergence with Mahatma Year of Water with the launch of the water Gandhi NREGA. It intends to desilt and conservation scheme ‘Jalamrutha’. e deepen 5,000 minor irrigation tanks scheme was launched as a response to through Panchayat unions and 25,000 prevailing drought conditions in the state. traditional ponds and ooranis through It primarily focuses on drought proong machineries. Convergence with Mahatma measures including protection and Gandhi NREGA is set for activities restoration of water bodies. Key supply including inlet, outlet, surplus weir, augmentation interventions provisioned bathing ghat, etc.

35 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT include check dams, reservoir, small environment, generating land-based irrigation ponds, bunds, barrage dams, livelihood activities, providing human farm ponds, rejuvenation of water bodies resources development infrastructure, and rainwater harvesting structures. developing non-agricultural youth employment avenues and community Krishi Bhagya Scheme, launched in 2014 to development through self-help groups, supplement rainfed agriculture is another cultural associations, etc. Activities signicant initiative of Government of provisioned under water supply Karnataka. e scheme covers areas with augmentation include irrigation tanks and rainfed dominated agriculture, districts of canals developed/restored, water supply for coastal and Malnad areas. e scheme drinking purposes and check dams. focuses on promoting farm level rainwater conservation particularly through Krishi Uttar Pradesh Honda (farm ponds) to support irrigation In Uttar Pradesh, the UP Water Sector practices during dry spells. e scheme also Restructuring Project (UPWSRP) was encourages farmers to upscale modern initiated in a four-phased manner with the irrigation systems including nancial assistance of the World Bank and micro-irrigation for water e ciency. Government of Uttar Pradesh in the year 2002. UPWSRP under its second phase Suvarna Gramodaya Yojana, is an emphasises on renovating/modernising integrated village development scheme canal systems for improved irrigation and focusing on upgrading the physical

Traveling Tripod Films / GIZ India

36 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT agricultural productivity in the Lower scarce groundwater resources including Ganga Canal system, Haidargarh branch Bundelkhand, Vindhayan and and the Rohini, Jamni and Sajnam Dam over-exploited, critical and semi-critical canal system. Water supply augmentation areas. Activities provisioned under the works in the project include canal mission include construction of check renovation, water drainage network for dams, ponds, peripheral bunds, irrigation, restoration work for canal groundwater recharge structures, farm system, barrage modernisation and lake ponds, contour bunds, trenching, gabion restoration for rainwater harvesting and and renovation of water bodies. ese check dams. activities are to be implemented through convergence of ongoing schemes and Uttar Pradesh has a designated State programmes. Groundwater Conservation Mission (SGCM) which focuses on improving No state-specic scheme in Madhya Pradesh groundwater resources through with a clear focus on components adding to monitoring, mapping and demand side water supply augmentation were identied. interventions. It aims to cover areas with

4.3 Water Demand Management

Water demand management is essential for ere are a range of activities that are e cient water use and to enhance the considered for demand management which benets of water supply augmentation. include technological and agronomic ere is a clear need and scope for practices to increase irrigation e ciency converging water supply augmentation such as micro-irrigation, land levelling, interventions with water demand canal lining along with planning management interventions. In India, with interventions such as water budgeting, more than 80% of water used in participatory groundwater management, agriculture, improved demand management etc. Ideally, a combination of planning with in agriculture sector via irrigation e ciency technological and agronomic practices yield improvement and planning can free water the best results. resources for other sectors while increasing resilience to water decits. Improved Central Level Schemes irrigation e ciency can enable more Considering the importance and need of eective use of water supply created to demand management, a number of schemes increase crop water productivity and extend similar to water supply augmentation have a larger coverage from the same source. e water demand component under them, as NWM goal on “Increasing water use listed in Figure 6. e ciency by 20%” underscores the importance of water demand management.

37 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT National Food Mahatma Gandhi National Security Mission (NFSM) Rural Employment Guarantee Act MoAFW (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA) PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana -Per Drop More MoRD 2100 Crop (PMKSY-PDMC)

MoAFW 101500 4000 Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABhY) National Horticulture Mission (NHM) PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana-Har Khet Ko MoJS Pani (PMKSY-HKKP) MoAFW 6000 MoJS 2300 1050 State Groundwater Conservation Tamil Nadu Irrigated Mission (SGCM) Agriculture Mukhyamantri Jal Modernisation (TN-IAM) Swavlamban DoGW Abhiyan (MJSA) WRO, PWD and GoTN 80 DoWR 235 124

Suvarna Gramodaya Yojana (SGY) Jalamrutha Krishi Bhagya Scheme (KBS) DoRD&PR DoRD&PR

DoA 438 500 45

Central Karnataka Tamil Nadu Budget (in crore INR) Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh

Figure 6: Key Central and State Level Schemes under Water Demand Management

e main schemes at the national scale, in drip and sprinkler irrigation and terms of activity focus on water demand encouraging the famers to use water saving and provisioned budget, are and conservation technologies. Under this PMKSY-PDMC and ABhY which can be scheme, the government provides nancial supported by a number of other schemes assistance of 45-55% to farmers and the such as Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, state can provide further subsidy incentive NFSM, NHM and PMKSY-HKKP. to farmers to adopt drip and sprinkler.

PMKSY-PDMC aims to enhance farmers’ ABhY focuses on bottom-up participatory irrigation water use e ciency by groundwater management to build and promoting technological interventions like implement community-led water security

38 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Schemes such as plans which would include a wide range of production includes micro-irrigation (drip demand management interventions such as and sprinkler) as one of their main Mahatma Gandhi improved irrigation technologies, activities. NFSM also includes NREGA, NFSM, managing groundwater through demonstration of interventions such as NHM and energy‐irrigation nexus, groundwater direct seeded rice, system of rice metering, water‐e cient technologies at intensication and land levelling for PMKSY-HKKP community level, crop management and increasing water use e ciency. while not focusing diversication, etc. State Level Schemes specifically on Other schemes such as Mahatma Gandhi At the state level, Rajasthan’s water demand NREGA, NFSM, NHM and Mukhyamantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan management PMKSY-HKKP while not focusing also have provision for works such as specically on water demand management have provisions micro-irrigation tanks, drip irrigation, solar have provisions for demand management pumps, and water budgeting for demand for demand activities providing scope for both side water management. In Karnataka, management convergence and co-nancing. For water demand management at farm level example, Mahatma Gandhi NREGA have through micro-irrigation systems such as activities provision for activities such as construction drip and sprinkler is promoted by providing scope of canals, distributaries and minors, lining Jalamrutha, Krishi Bhagya scheme and for both of canals, correction of water conveyance Suvarna Gramodaya Yojana. ese schemes system and system deciencies which could could be supplemented by central convergence and be used in command areas to ll the gap sponsored schemes working on demand co-financing. between irrigation potential created management. (through water supply augmentation) and being utilised. Similarly, there are In Tamil Nadu, TN-IAM project focus on convergence opportunities with schemes improving irrigation water delivery to such as PMKSY-HKKP if the district lies farmers, to the tail end of the distribution under command area, which aims to cover system through on-farm development at least 10% of the command area under work by empowering Water User micro/precision irrigation. Associations (WUAs). e activities includes concrete lining of irrigation ere are also other schemes with a specic channels and desilting irrigation channels. focus on agriculture such as NFSM and Uttar Pradesh’s State Groundwater NHM. NFSM with the objective of Conservation Mission also focuses on increasing production of crops and pulses demand side interventions such as (rice, wheat, pulses, coarse cereals and drip/sprinkler systems and eld bunding to Nutri-Cereals) and NHM with the improve of water productivity in critical objective of enhancing horticulture groundwater zones.

39 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 4.4 Water Quality Management

Water quality management is critical for augmentation and water demand ensuring safe and sustainable domestic management. Water quality management water supply as envisioned under the Jal requires a range of interventions such as Jeevan Mission. Water quality is likely to be protection of source, focusing on water aected by changes in land use in the form treatment, safe sanitation, recycle and reuse, of urbanisation, industrialisation and and water quality testing and monitoring. changes in forest cover. As per NWM, climate change could have an eect on Central Level Schemes groundwater quality in alluvial aquifers due At the central level, the schemes that focus to increased ood and drought events and on quality are (Figure 7): Jal Jeevan Mission, can lead to increased salt intrusion of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, Namami Gange coastal and island aquifers due to rising sea and National River Conservation Plan levels. is can severely undermine (NRCP). JJM and SBA-G have their focus domestic, agricultural and industrial water on domestic water supply and sanitation security by making available water not good whereas Namami Gange and NRCP focus for use. us, water quality management is on river water quality. as integral to CRWM as water supply

Jal Jeevan National River Mission (JJM) Conservation Plan (NRCP) MoJS MoJS Namami Gange 11218 1020 MoJS 800

Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABhY) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Gramin) (SBA-G) PM Adarsh Gram Yojana (PMAGY) MoJS MoJS MoSJE 6000 9994 700

Budget (in crore INR) Central

Figure 7: Key Central Level Schemes under Water Quality Management

JJM has a specic focus on water quality providing safe drinking water to identied through water quality management, testing 27,544 arsenic/ uoride-aected rural and monitoring. JJM subsumed missions habitations), Water Quality Monitoring and programmes from previous National and Surveillance and Swajal Programme Rural Drinking Water Programmes which (implemented in aspirational districts focused on water quality such as National through community designed, Water Quality Sub-Mission (focus on implemented, maintained and safely

40 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Namami Gange managed single village water supply focuses on water quantity but has scheme). Under JJM, a range of activities provisions for groundwater quality provides a good on water quality management have been improvement in terms of planning and avenue for provisioned such as water treatment plants monitoring for understanding dynamics convergence to (in case the water source is contaminated), of groundwater pollution pathways and grey water management, water quality potential actions to halt the deterioration ensure water testing, and monitoring. JJM guidelines of groundwater quality. quality have assigned state level public health Two central programmes that have their management. engineering departments and rural water supply departments, which already have focus on water quality of rivers are: infrastructure and data, being the Namami Gange and NRCP. Namami responsible institutions for carrying water Gange is an integrated conservation quality testing and monitoring. mission which was started in 2014 with the objective to reduce pollution and SBA-G focuses on promoting cleanliness, rejuvenate river Ganga by adopting a river hygiene and eliminating open defecation basin. us, the states falling under Ganges and accelerating sanitation coverage in basin (Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar) rural areas. It complements JJM with a can take up a number of water quality focus on household sanitation with a management interventions (sewage provision for construction of individual treatment plants for domestic and household latrines and community sanitary industrial euents, river surface cleaning, complexes. Also, SBA-G has a provision etc.). For districts falling under the for solid and liquid waste management programme, Namami Gange provides a under which the treatment of wastewater is good avenue for convergence to ensure done through recommended technologies water quality management. Another (e.g. Waste Stabilization Pond technology, scheme, NRCP has a pan India coverage duckweed-based wastewater treatment). with the aim to improve the water quality of major rivers through the PMAGY and ABhY don’t have a specic implementation of pollution abatement focus on water quality but have provisions measures such as sewage treatment plants, for activities that can be converged with low cost sanitation works to prevent open above schemes. PMAY-G with the defecation on riverbanks, riverfront objective of integrated development of development works such as the selected villages with more than 50% improvement of bathing ghats, etc. scheduled caste (SC) population, has provisions for gap-lling funding With these schemes, there is a wide range (INR 21 lakh for a village) with an of interventions that can be incorporated expectation of convergence of atleast three in CRWM for water quality management to four gap-lling funds from existing and source protection. As such, no national Central/State level schemes or with scheme could be found for stopping matching grants from state governments. salinity ingression or focusing on Gap-lling component can be utilised for groundwater pollution alone. the development of drinking water and sanitation infrastructure, setting up of solid No state-specic schemes focusing on and liquid waste disposal facilities and, water quality management could be construction and major repairs of toilets in identied. schools and Anganwadis. ABhY primarily

41 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 4.5 Water Risk Management

4.5.1 Flood Management

Extreme weather events leading to oods yield more benets when combined with due to the changing climate are increasing non-structural interventions such as land and expected to increase more in the future. use management (for example In India, where more than 80% of rainfall is aorestation), nature based solutions (such concentrated in 3-4 months of monsoon, as recharge basins for groundwater), ood and with 40 million hectares (12% of land) forecasting and monitoring, interventions prone to oods, ood management for making agriculture more resilient with becomes more critical. To mitigate and ood-tolerant seeds and crop insurance. manage ooding, both structural and ere are a number of schemes that can be non-structural interventions along with converged for integrated ood management monitoring and forecasting is critical. (Figure 8). Flood monitoring, forecasting Structural interventions include ood control and protection works such as and ood zone mapping requires water building dams and reservoirs, resource assessment for which there are embankments, retention basins, etc. specic departments and schemes already However, structural interventions will not discussed in section 4.1. ey are a critical completely mitigate the ood risk and can part of any CRWM plan.

National Food Security Mission (NFSM) River Basin Management (RBM) MoAFW

MoJS 2100 200 Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Guarantee Act Yojana- Remunerative (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA) Approaches for Agriculture and Flood management and Allied Sector Rejuvenation border areas programme (RKVY-RAFTAAR) MoRD (FMBAP) MoAFW MoJS 101500

750 3700

Member of Parliament Local Area Development PM Fasal Bima Scheme (MPLADS) Yojana (PMFBY)

MoSPI MoAFW

15695 3960

Budget (in crore INR) Central

Figure 8: Key Central Schemes under Flood Management

42 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT At the central level, the programme solely ood prone area development programme dedicated to ood management is Flood in critical regions, restoration of damaged Management and Border Areas ood control/management works and Programme. FMBAP was framed by catchment area treatment. merging the two schemes of Flood Management Programme (FMP) and River Another scheme that focuses on ood Management Activities and Works related management is the River Basin to Border Areas (RMBA). e scheme is Management (RBM) scheme. RBM aimed to assist state governments to create consists of two components: Brahmaputra ood protection in critical areas by board and Investigation of Water Resource adopting optimum combination of Development Scheme (IWDS). structural and non-structural measures. Brahamaputra board focuses on planning Under non-structural measures, with and integrated implementation of measures RMBA focusing on border areas, the for control of oods and bank erosion in scheme has provisions for Brahmaputra and Barak Valley (in the states hydro-meteorological observations, ood of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, forecasting, survey and investigations on parts of the states of Manipur, Mizoram, common rivers (namely Ganga, Nagaland, Tripura, Sikkim and a part of Brahmaputra and Indus) with the West Bengal falling within the Brahmaputra neighbouring countries. Under the Basin). It covers non-structural structural measures (covered under FMP interventions such as survey, investigation, scheme), critical ood control, river hydrological studies along with structural management and anti-sea erosion works interventions such as drainage development, can be taken up in the entire country anti-erosion works and construction of which covers interventions such as river Raised Platforms. e IWDS component is management, ood control, anti-erosion, more focused on carrying out technical drainage development, ood proong, evaluations and research.

Hamish John Appleby / IWMI

43 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Other than that, there are schemes such as In addition, schemes which don’t focus on Mahatma Gandhi NREGA and MPLADS ood management as such but focus on fund with provisions for carrying out ood agriculture provide scope for interventions control and protection related activities. such as introduction of ood-tolerant seeds Mahatma Gandhi NREGA have multiple and crop insurances which increases the provisions for ood control and protection resilience of crops and farmers. NFSM and include drainage in water logged areas, RKVY-RAFTAAR has provisions for deepening and repairing of ood channels, ood-tolerant seeds whereas PMFBY chaur renovation, construction of exclusively focuses on crop insurance. stormwater drains for coastal protection etc. ese schemes can play an important role MPLADS has provisions for embankments, in making areas and people more ood early warning systems, community centres, resilient as structural measures cannot common shelters for cyclones, oods, etc. completely mitigate ooding. ey can be used and converged with other schemes related to integrated ood management.

4.5.2 Drought Management

Drought management activities aim to mitigate the impact of drought such as minimise adverse impacts caused by forecasting, monitoring and early warning drought in which both water supply systems, drought resistant crop varieties, augmentation and water demand advisories/contingency measures, crop management, already covered before, play a diversication, aorestation, etc. is critical role. However, in addition to supply section looks at schemes which have and demand, there are certain interventions specic provisions for these interventions. that can be taken up to further alleviate and

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABhY) Yojana- Remunerative Mahatma Gandhi National Approaches for Agriculture Rural Employment and Allied Sector MoJS Guarantee Act Rejuvenation (RKVY-RAFTAAR) (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA)

MoAFW 6000 MoRD 3700 101500

National Food PM Fasal Bima Security Mission (NFSM) Yojana (PMFBY)

MoAFW MoAFW 2100 15695

Budget (in crore INR) Central

Figure 9: Key Central Schemes under Drought Management

44 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT e main scheme with provisions for ment. For example, at national level, drought management interventions are RKVY-RAFTAAR and NFSM have summarised in Figure 9. Drought monitor- provisions for drought-resilient seeds, ABhY ing, forecasting and risk mapping requires includes crop diversication among its range water resource assessment for which there of activities, PMFBY provides crop are specic organisations and schemes insurance and Mahatma Gandhi NREGA already discussed in section 4.1. ese includes drought proong interventions schemes are used for giving advisories and such as aorestation and tree plantation. plans for contingency measures. As drought management relates to a wider ambit of No state-specic schemes strongly focusing activities, therefore specic components of on ood management and drought individual schemes add to drought manage- management were identied.

4.6 Capacity Building

Capacity building is key to eective CRWM Both are important in the overall scope of implementation and long-term convergence where strengthened sustainability. Given that without adequate institutions provide the technical and capacity, implementing any scheme or management skills to implement CRWM. programme is not possible, most of the Capacity building activities for end schemes/programmes have this component beneciaries taps into opportunities to in varying proportions. To map the activities, converge trainings, exposure visits and capacity building is dierentiated into two demonstrations. Other than capacity types: capacity building of institutions and building activities of the schemes related to capacity building of beneciaries. Capacity water management that have been building of institutions pertains to activities mentioned in previous sections, key that build the capacity and skills of human national schemes with a specic focus on resources that implement water related capacity building, both institutional and programmes, whereas capacity building of beneciary, are also covered in this section. beneciaries relates to building capacity and Key national and state specic schemes are skills of end beneciaries to implement water listed in Figure 10. management interventions.

Traveling Tripod Films / GIZ India

45 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT National Horticulture National Food Security Mission (NHM) Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABhY) Mission (NFSM) MoAFW MoJS MoAFW 2300 6000 2100

Rashtriya Gram Swaraj PM Krishi Sinchayee National Hydrology Abhiyan (RGSA) Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) Yojana -Per Drop More Project (NHP) Crop (PMKSY-PDMC) MoPR MoJS MoJS MoAFW 200 857 11218 4000

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas PM Kaushal Yojana- Remunerative Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) PM Krishi Sinchayee Approaches for Agriculture and Yojana -Accelerated Irrigation Allied Sector Rejuvenation Benefit Programme (PMKSY-AIBP) (RKVY-RAFTAAR) MoSDE MoJS MoAFW 2726 1798 3700

Watershed Development Component- PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY-WDC) Mahila Kisan Sashaktikaran Suvarna Gramodaya Pariyojana – National Rural Yojana (SGY) Livelihood Mission MoSDE Mahatma Gandhi National (MKSP – NRLM) Rural Employment Guarantee DoRD&PR Act (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA) MoRD 2000 MoRD 438 1000 (2015-16) 101500 Jalamrutha

Khet Tirtha Yojana (KTY) DoRD&PR State Groundwater DoA Conservation Mission (SGCM) 500 17 DoGW 80 Mukhyamantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan (MJSA) TN- IAM DoWR UP Water Sector Restructuring Project-Phase II WRO, PWD and GoTN 124 DoIWR 235 2835 (2013-2020)

Central Karnataka Tamil Nadu Budget (in crore INR) Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh Madhya Pradesh

Figure 10: Key Central and State Level Schemes having Awareness/Capacity Building component

46 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT PMKVY skill Central Level Schemes objective to encourage and promote skill development for the youth throughout the Most of the key national water schemes development can country and also highlights the need to have components of capacity building. align it with other missions, such as Make be aligned with Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, ABhY, NHP, in India, Digital India, Swachh Bharat, and CRWM skills and NFSM, NHM, PMKSY (PDMC, WDC, Smart Cities. It provides for a range of skill HKKP and AIBP), RKVY-RAFTAAR and the youth trained development activities such as short-term JJM have specic components on capacity training to either school/college dropouts can be employed building for eective implementation of or the unemployed along with training in for effective the schemes and its activities. ABhY and soft skills, entrepreneurship, nancial and NHP focuses on building and implementation digital literacy, and assessing and certifying strengthening institutional capacity at prior learning skills. PMKVY skill at local levels. central, state and local levels to provide development can be aligned with CRWM necessary trainings, exposure and skills and the youth trained can be professional development to build a employed for eective implementation at trained pool of personnel. Similarly, local levels. Mahatma Gandhi NREGA has provisions to provide training to gram panchayat Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan (RGSA) workers, eld sta at various levels and under the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, aims other sta to strengthen planning, to strengthen technical and governance implementation and monitoring. capabilities of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) for achieving Sustainable Other schemes such as NFSM, NHM and Development Goals (SDGs). RGSA has a PMKSY with a focus on agriculture have strong focus on capacity building of PRIs many farmers’ capacity building activities with activities such as trainings/workshops, such as farmer fairs and exhibitions, e-enablement of gram panchayats(GPs), orientation training programmes for and GP buildings, mobile applications and farmers, demonstration of farm machine satellite communication to modernise and technology, marketing infrastructure, etc. enhance citizen centric service delivery and us, all these schemes with various governance in Panchayats, etc. e provisions on capacity building provide the enhanced capacities of PRIs will be critical scope for convergence to skill trained for eective last mile implementation of personnel who can eectively implement CRWM where RGSA can play an CRWM and build the capacities of end important role. beneciaries too. Mahila Kisan Sashaktikaran Pariyojana Other than these schemes related to water, (MKSP) aims to improve the present status there are some specic schemes such as of women in agriculture, and to enhance Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana the opportunities for their empowerment. (PMKVY), Rashtriya Gram Swaraj MKSP focus on women to enhance the Abhiyan and Mahila Kisan Sashaktikaran productive participation of women in Pariyojana, a sub-component of Deendayal agriculture by improving their skills and Antyodaya Yojana- National Rural capabilities to support farm and non-farm Livelihood Mission with an exclusive focus based activities and enhance the managerial on capacity building. capacities of women in agriculture for PMKVY is implemented by National Skills better management of biodiversity among Development Corporation under the other activities. Given the centrality of Ministry of Skill Development and women in agriculture with more than Entrepreneurship (MoSDE) with the 80% of rural women engaged in

47 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT In Uttar Pradesh, agriculture, MKSP can play an important institutes, agricultural elds etc. on role to impart training and building advanced farming techniques and practices SGCM have capacity for eective agriculture water for enhanced agricultural productivity. provisions for management. In Tamil Nadu’s, TN-IAM project has a orientation State Level Schemes strong focus on capacity building of both institutions and farmers. Specic workshops, In Rajasthan, Mukhyamantri Jal components of projects focus on creation of mobile Swavlamban Abhiyan (MJSA) organises institutional strengthening and capacity workshops and conducts training activities apps and building of water resources department for district o cers and other stakeholders groundwater army and related agencies for water resources to ensure proper implementation of the management. Some of the activities for knowledge programme. include technical assistance, equipment, services and institutional infrastructure to dissemination. In Karnataka, Jalamrutha includes water support data collection and analysis, literacy awareness campaigns as a training, policy analysis and partnerships component of the programme. Trainings to support awareness building, on vermicomposting, dairy management, institutional synergy and decision support. goat and sheep rearing are promoted under Also, the project focuses on building Suvarna Gramodaya Yojana for livelihood capacity of WUAs by providing them diversication and development. intensive training on asset maintenance, operation and management of canals In Madhya Pradesh, Khet Tirtha Yojana within their command areas. primarily aims to enhance farmers’ capacity through exposure visits within or outside In Uttar Pradesh, SGCM have the state. e scheme’s main objective is to provisions for orientation workshops, upgrade advanced farming techniques creation of mobile apps and groundwater among farmers for improved productivity army for knowledge dissemination. and income. Progressive farmers are Under UPWSRP-2 project, awareness provided with expert guidance during their campaigns, demonstrations/trainings at visit to agricultural centres, agricultural eld level to improve agricultural science research centres, universities, productivity are also taken. 4.7 Value/Income Enhancing Activities

Value/income enhancing activities refers to storage, etc. that can all increase the activities which add value to water benets of increased resilience developed interventions i.e. converting the means through water supply, demand, quality and (increased and reliable water availability) to risk management. end (increased value/ income). is can lead to improved productivity, Since these interventions can be both employment opportunities, income on-farm (nutrient management, fertilisers, generation and better livelihoods for rural machinery, HYV seeds etc.) and o-farm households, especially small farmers. With (storage, market linkages, food water being the entry point for productive processing), value/income enhancement agriculture, value/income enhancement activities were divided into these groups. practices in agriculture is critical to Key schemes/ programmes with provisions enhance the benets of increased water for these activities are summarised in security. ese include practices like better Figure 11. Details of these multiple agronomy, fertiliser and pesticide value/income enhancing activities are management, nutrient management, given in Annexure C7. linkages with markets, processing units,

48 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT National Food Security Mission (NFSM)

Pradhan Mantri Kisan Mahatma Gandhi National MoAFW Sampada Yojana (PMKSaY) Rural Employment Guarantee Act (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA) MoFPI 2100 MoRD National Horticulture 1081 Mission (NHM) 101500 MoAFW

National Mission on National Mission on Agricultural Extension and Agricultural Extension and 2300 Technology- Sub mission on National Mission on Technology- Sub-mission on agriculture extension Agricultural Extension and agricultural mechanisation (NMAET-SMAE) Technology- Sub-mission on (NMAET-SMAM) seed and planting material MoAFW (NMAET-SMSP) MoAFW MoAFW Watershed Development Component- PM Krishi 1200 1000 Sinchayee Yojana 379 (PMKSY-WDC) Rashtriya Krishi Vikas MoRD Yojana- Remunerative National project on soil Approaches for Agriculture health and fertility (NPSHF) and Allied Sector 2000 Rejuvenation (RKVY-RAFTAAR) MoAFW MoAFW

Integrated scheme on 315 3700 agricultural marketing (ISAM)

MoAFW PM Krishi Sinchayee National Mission on Yojana -Per Drop More Sustainable Agriculture- Crop (PMKSY-PDMC) 490 Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (NMSA-PKVY) MoAFW MoAFW National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture- Tamil Nadu Irrigated Rainfed area development Agriculture Modernisation 4000 and climate change (TN-IAM) Project 500 (NMSA-RADP) MoAFW WRO, PWD and GoTN Jalamrutha 203 235

DoRD&PR Krishi Bhagya Scheme (KBS)

500 DoA Suvarna Gramodaya Yojana (SGY)

45 DoRD&PR 438 State Groundwater Conservation Mission (SGCM) UP Water Sector Restructuring DoGW Project-Phase II

80 DoIWR 2835

Central Karnataka Tamil Nadu Budget (in crore INR) Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh Madhya Pradesh

Figure 11: Key Central and State Level Schemes under Value/Income enhancing activities

49 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Schemes such as Central Level Schemes b. Sub-Mission on Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine (SMPP): Mahatma Gandhi Most of the activities mentioned in the Interventions focusing on NREGA, NHM and previous section, especially with a focus on promotion of Integrated Pest agriculture, have provisioned for these Management practices. RKVY- RAFTAAR activities. For example, Mahatma Gandhi support many NREGA, NFSM, NHM, c. Sub-Mission on Agriculture off-farm activities RKVY-RAFTAAR and PMKSY include a Extension (SMAE): Interventions number of on-farm value/income focusing on awareness creating and which further enhancing activities such as horticulture, enhanced use of appropriate enhance the plantation, developing nurseries, HYV technologies in agriculture through benefits of seeds, seed production, bio-fertilisers, extension activities. bee-keeping, use of greenhouse/poly house, increased on-farm vegetable production, poultry farms, d. Sub-Mission on Agricultural production. sheries, etc. ese interventions can Mechanisation (SMAM): enhance the benets of water security and Interventions focusing on farm further increase farmers’ resilience. Many mechanisation. of these schemes such as Mahatma Gandhi 2. National Mission on Sustainable NREGA, NHM and RKVY-RAFTAAR agriculture (NMSA) with its also support many o-farm activities such sub-mission: as food grain storage, post-harvest management facilities, food processing a. Rainfed Area Development (RAD): units, cold storage, etc. which further Interventions focusing on exploring enhance the benets of increased on-farm potential utilisation of natural production. resources base, assets available/created through watershed Other than that, there are specialised development and soil conservation schemes on agriculture, mostly under the activities, appropriate farming Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer systems by integrating multiple Welfare, that include a number of components of agriculture such as interventions that can be built upon to crops, horticulture, livestock, multiply the benets of improved water shery, forestry with agro-based security of farmers (through supply, income generating activities and quality, demand management). Some value addition. examples of such schemes and their focus areas are listed below whereas detailed b. Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana activities are shown in Annexure C7. (PKVY): Focus on interventions to support and promote organic 1. National Mission on Agriculture farming, in turn resulting in Extension and Technology (NMAET) improvement of soil health. with its sub-missions: 3. National Project on Soil Health and a. Sub-Mission on Seed and Planting Fertility (NPSHF): Facilitating and Material (SMSP): Interventions promoting Integrated Nutrient focusing on seeds (from production Management through judicious use of to supply).

50 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT chemical fertilisers, including at increasing productivity of key crops, secondary and micro nutrients, in promoting diversication of agriculture conjunction with organic manures and production systems, enhancing resilience bio-fertilisers, for improving soil health and improving farmer access to markets in and its productivity. project sub-basins.

4. Integrated Scheme on Agricultural In Karnataka, few schemes with Marketing (ISAM): Focus on value/income enhancing activities are agricultural marketing infrastructure, Krishi Bhagya Scheme which includes market information networks and interventions such as polysheds, fencing, integrated value chains. pumpsets and Suvarna Gramodaya Yojana which undertakes a range of income/value 5. PM Kisan SAMPADA Yojana enhancing activities such as construction of (PMKSaY): Creation of modern drains, community halls, manure pits, infrastructure with e cient supply agro-service centres, horticulture, dairy chain management from farm gate to farming, agro-forestry, sericulture. retail outlet. In UP, under SGCM adoption of low State Level Schemes water-consuming seeds in agriculture is In Tamil Nadu, TN-IAM carries out encouraged. Under UPWRSP-2 project, works related to agriculture, horticulture, interventions on timely irrigation for shery, and agri-marketing. e improved agriculture, poultry and sheries interventions of this component are aimed are undertaken.

4.8 Co-Management/Indirect Management

Co-management/indirect management policy leads to decreased groundwater refers to actions and policies in interlinked levels (as farmers opted to cultivate sectors like energy and groundwater; water lucrative paddy having high MSP in Indian and food that have a direct and signicant states (Sawkar, et al., 2018). Also, the impact on water security. To design recently launched Pradhan Mantri Kisan CRWM interventions, inter-sectoral policy Urja Suraksha Utthan Mahabhiyan linkages with water is imperative for (PM-KUSUM) scheme for farmers for ensuring sustainable operation. e installation of solar pumps and grid complex water-energy-food nexus is connected solar can have strong primarily driven by policy interventions implications for groundwater security and including farm power subsidies, food can be used as a tool for water demand policy, and energy policies. For instance, management. Considering the water subsidised farm power in northern states of outreach across sectors, indirect India resulted in over-abstraction of water, management cannot be detached in order hence depleting groundwater resources. to have CRWM. Similarly, Minimum Support Price (MSP)

51 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 5 RATING OF SCHEMES

Based on their key objectives, schemes are mapped and rated across eight non-mutually exclusive core components of CRWM: water resource assessment, supply augmentation, demand management, quality management, drought, flood, value addition / income enhancement, and awareness/training/capacity building.

Traveling Tripod Films / GIZ India

0652 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENT RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT For rating schemes focusing on dierent convergence for a specic CRWM CRWM components, scheme activities' component. synergy with CRWM and the designated budget is considered. Based on the At the national level, schemes like schemes’ focus on CRWM activities and Mahatma Gandhi NREGA have a strong overall budget, each scheme's rating under focus on water supply augmentation and CRWM core components is indicated in value-added activities with a large budget Table 2. ree stars are allotted if a and can be used as a central fulcrum when particular scheme under a CRWM core developing water supply augmentation component has more than ve interventions under CRWM whereas works/activities, two stars for 2-4 activities schemes such as RKVY, PMKSY-WDC and one for less than two activities. To can be used to get additional co-nancing assess the size of a particular scheme for and convergence. Similarly, what becomes convergence possibilities, the budget clear is that while most schemes have allocation to each scheme is also listed and components for water supply, only few colour-coded. e size of budget allocation schemes focus on water resource along with the focus of the scheme assessment, demand management and (represented by stars given) represents the risk adaptation/mitigation. signicance of the scheme for carrying out

Schemes Water Water Water Water Flood Drought Value Awareness/ resource supply demand quality management management enhancing Capacity assessment augmentation management management activities building/Training

Central Schemes

ABhY

FMBAP

ISAM

JJM

Mahatma Gandhi NREGA

MPLADS

MKSP – NRLM

Namami Gange

NFSM

NHM

NHP

NMAET-SMAE

NMAET-SMAM

53 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Schemes Water Water Water Water Flood Drought Value Awareness/ resource supply demand quality management management enhancing Capacity assessment augmentation management management activities building/Training

Central Schemes

NMAET-SMSP

NMSA-PKVY

NMSA-RADP

NPSHF

NRCP

PMAGY

PMFBY

PMKSaY

PMKSY-AIBP

PMKSY-HKKP

PMKSY-PDMC

PMKVY

RBM

RGSA

RKVY-RAFTAAR

SBA-G

PMKSY-WDC

STATE SPECIFIC SCHEMES Rajasthan

MJSA

Madhya Pradesh

KTY Karnataka

Jalamrutha

KBS

SGY

54 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Note: Central Schemes Budget: FY 2020-21; State-Specific Schemes Budget: FY 2019-20

Tamil Nadu

Kudimaramath scheme

RHRMP

MSDA

TN-IAM

Uttar Pradesh

SGCM

UPWSRP-2 (2013-2020)

Table 2: Rating of Central and State Level Schemes based on their alignment to CRWM components and Budget

Budget (in crore INR) Activity Rating >5000 More than 5 1000-5000 <1000 Between 2-4 Less than 2

550606 /// CONVERGENCECONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATECLIMATE RESILIENTRESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT 6 PRIVATE SECTOR PARTNERSHIPS, NGOs AND INTERNATIONAL FUNDING AGENCIES

Private players, non-government organisations (NGOs), and international and national funding agencies can be instrumental in filling up viable funding gaps for convergence and co-financing CRWM. Their pool of skilled personnel provide an opportunity to be leveraged for implementing CRWM.

Traveling Tripod Films / GIZ India

06060656 /// CONVERGENCECONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFORFOR CLIMATECLIMATECLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENT RESILIENTRESILIENTRESILIENT WATERWATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Partnership with Apart from opportunities spread across implementation of CRWM activities. national and state programmes, private Some of the largest organisations working potential private players, non-government organisations, and in water conservation, restoration and firms and NGOs international and national funds can play quality management include Reliance may not only be an important role in co-nancing CRWM. Foundation, Unilever, Johnson & Johnson, Partnership with potential private rms Tata Motors Ltd, Hindalco etc. limited to (under Corporate Social Responsibility - monetary terms CSR) and NGOs may not only be limited e role of the Confederation of Indian Industry-Triveni Water Institute but can also be to monetary terms but can also be considered for knowledge sharing and (CII-TWI) and the Federation of Indian considered for capacity building. ese are identied for Chambers of Commerce and Industry knowledge convergence and co-nancing for CRWM (FICCI) and ASSOCHAM Foundation for Corporate Social Responsibility sharing and with specic focus on WASCA project states. e listing provided is not (AFCSR) is important as they are the capacity exhaustive. As done for government overarching organisations that are involved building. schemes, potential private rms in private CSR activities. CII-TWI with its contributing under CSR are identied vision to make substantial progress towards based on their synergy with CRWM core achieving water security by 2022, works on components and overall CSR budget for cross-cutting themes such as Financial Year 2019-20. For NGOs and environmental sustainability, improved funds, programmes related to water security water governance, awareness and and climate adaptation are identied and behavioural change, training and skill listed for WASCA project states. development, technology and infrastructure in a multi-stakeholder partnership in sectors such as industrial, 6.1 Private Sector agricultural, domestic and ecosystems. Annexure E gives potential private players FICCI plays a signicant role in building working on CRWM components in the policy dialogue and strong partnerships project states. ese players which are among government, industry and civil already working in selected WASCA states society to address water security challenges oer signicant co-nancing opportunities and is actually considered a one-stop for carrying out CRWM activities. e solution for consensus building within and prioritisation of these private players can across sectors. AFCSR is another industry be undertaken considering their budget led foundation with its presence since 2013 capacity, geographical presence, and their has not only worked towards the SDGs by programme alignment with CRWM organising programmes and activities components. For instance, the Axis Bank related to healthcare, hygiene and Foundation focuses on watershed nutrition, environment and sustainability, management and agricultural productivity but has also prioritised assistance to as part of their rural livelihood strategy corporates in framing their CSR policies, under CSR. With an overall budget of identifying and suggesting activities under 83.7 crore and presence in states like CSR aligning with the national priorities Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tamil and facilitate networking for eective Nadu, Axis Bank Foundation exhibits implementation of CSR projects. good potential for co-nancing

57 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 6.2 Non-Government Broadly, the organisations having ratings up to three stars are primarily working on Organisations water management and conservation activities. Ratings above three focus Many non-government organisations additionally on water quality, ood working on programmes related to water management, and allied activities. For and related sectors have been identied. instance, Arghyam having ve stars Based on their focus and relation to emphasises on activities under all CRWM CRWM, they are given star ratings. Five core areas including supply augmentation, stars are allocated where more than 60% water quality, management of extreme of programmes are dedicated to CRWM, events, value enhancing activities and four stars to 45-60% programmes, three capacity building. While the NGOs do not stars to 30-45%, two stars to 15-30% and necessarily act as a source of funding, one star to less than 15% programmes convergence can be built with their ongoing dedicated to CRWM. is stars rating programmes and projects. eir pool of skilled personnel with eld and community illustrates the organisation’s priority to presence provides the opportunity to be various CRWM components. leveraged for implementing CRWM.

Hamish John Appleby / IWMI

58 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Organisations/ Rating (based Rajasthan Madhya Pradesh Karnataka Tamil Nadu Uttar Pradesh Foundations on programmes related to CRWM) Development of Humane      Action (DHAN) Foundation

Association for Sarva Seva Farms   

Arghyam     

National Agro Foundation     

Foundation for Ecological Security  

Watershed Organization Trust  

Aga Khan Rural Support  Programme

Centre for Advance Research and Development 

National Centre for Human Settlement and Environment 

Development Support Centre 

Action for Social Advancement 

MS Swaminathan   Research Foundation

Care Earth 

EcoPro 

Neer Foundation 

Table 3: Key NGOs closely working in CRWM in WASCA project states

6.3 International Green Climate Funds, Adaptation Funds, International Fund for Agriculture and National Development focusing on water and related sectors could be explored. Funding Agencies Likewise, national agencies like Table 4 below gives the key international NABARD having separate funds under and national funding agencies working Watershed Development Funds and closely on water and related sectors. Watershed Development Funds- Climate Annexure F provides details on their Proong for water development and ongoing projects in India. For management oer signicant co-nancing, international funds such as co-nancing opportunities.

590606 /// CONVERGENCECONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATECLIMATE RESILIENTRESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Extent Funding Agencies

World Bank International (IDB, IRDA, IFC, MIGA, ICSID)

Asian Development Bank

European Investment Bank

Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank

Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)

Green Climate Fund

Adaptation Fund under United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

International Fund for Agricultural Development

International Climate Initiative

US Aid

Australian Centre for International Agriculture Research

Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

OECD Development Centre's Network of Foundations Working for Development (netFWD)

International Development Finance Club

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

National Watershed Development Fund (NABARD)

Watershed Development Fund-Climate Proofing (NABARD)

Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (NABARD)

National Adaptation Fund for Climate change

Table 4: List of International and National Funding Agencies for Convergence and Co-financing of CRWM

60 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 7 CRWM CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING MODELS

Identified schemes and programmes of government and non-government can be used to develop innovative convergence and co-financing models for CRWM.

Prasanth Vishwanathan / IWMI

06610606 /// CONVERGENCECONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATECLIMATE RESILIENTRESILIENTRESILIENT WATERWATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Examples of Mapping of CRWM opportunities show support in planning and execution of possible that substantial public and private works by resource agencies and/or investments are available and that can individuals. Over 2.7 lakh dug wells and convergence contribute towards CRWM. For better lifting devices were provided to over pathways both at planning, eective investments and 80,000 farmers. As a result, large parts of state and district optimising eorts, there is a need to bring these areas have moved from single crop to level include convergence across dierent schemes and double crop, a good example of CRWM programmes. is will bring synergies through convergence. convergence with between dierent government departments/sche programmes/schemes in terms of planning, Rajasthan initiated a campaign named Mukhyamantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan mes like process and implementation (UNDP, 2013). Most of the central and state (MJSA) in the year 2016 which converges agriculture, government schemes have their respective all existing schemes under various forestry, convergence guidelines. For example, departments working on water Mahatma Gandhi NREGA oers a major conservation and water harvesting in rural horticulture, areas. e main objective of the fisheries, opportunity for leveraging convergence which is emphasised and highlighted in programme is to e ciently utilise water sericulture, scheme guidelines. Examples of possible from rainfall, runo, groundwater and animal husbandry, convergence pathways both at state and in-situ soil moisture in a watershed approach. It is an example of creatively irrigation, district level include convergence with departments/schemes like agriculture, combining resources for improved water minerals, etc. forest, horticulture, sheries, sericulture, management and climate resilience. In animal husbandry, irrigation, minerals etc. 2015-16, for instance, MJSA secured INR 1,600 crores from various government As an illustration, two eld level examples programmes and contributions from civil of convergence and co-nancing are briey society organisations to implement more discussed here. One such case of successful than 95,000 water conservation works convergence examples is Kapildhara in across 3,529 villages. Madhya Pradesh. Kapildhara was launched by the Government of Madhya Pradesh to Above convergence examples present the provide irrigation facilities to small and processes and benets of convergence and marginal farmers to improve the quality of implementation of the same on the lives of farmers and make their agricultural ground. However, both examples explicitly lands more productive. Under Kapildhara, focus on supply side augmentation and land development and dug wells was drought component of CRWM with other provided from Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, components missing or less focused. whereas, water lifting devices (diesel run) Building upon these, below examples for farms were supported by Swarn Jayanti provide some potential convergence and Gram Swarozgar Yojana, Bundelkhand co-nancing models for CRWM Package and Agriculture Department. incorporating various CRWM components that can be implemented at eld. Gram Panchayats were extended technical

61 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 7.1 Mukhyamantri demand side interventions to enhance drought resilience. For solar irrigation, Jal Swavlamban PM-KUSUM scheme launched by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Abhiyan (MNRE) to support installation of o-grid solar pumps in rural areas and reduce Rajasthan initiated a campaign named dependence on grid in grid-connected areas, Mukhyamantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan can be converged with funds from (MJSA) in the year 2016 which converges NABARD and MNRE for infrastructure all existing schemes under various costs and Atal Bhujal Yojana scheme to departments working on water provide attractive feed in tari for conservation and water harvesting in rural groundwater conservation. Solar irrigation areas. e main objective of the model by International Water Management 9 programme is to e ciently utilise water Institute (IWMI) in Dhundi, Gujarat serves from rainfall, runo, groundwater and as an example for this conservation model. in-situ soil moisture in a watershed Demand side interventions can be approach. It is an example of creatively integrated to build resilience to drought. combining resources for improved water is can be done through micro-irrigation management and climate resilience. In with PMKSY-PDMC as the main scheme Integrating 2015-16, for instance, MJSA secured with support from micro-irrigation fund, INR 1600 crores from various government effective water participatory planning and management programmes and contributions from civil conservation and from Atal Bhujal Yojana and society organisations to implement more drought-resilient seeds and varieties from water harvesting than 95,000 water conservation works National Mission for Sustainable across 3,529 villages. with solar and Agriculture (NMSA). efficient is can be further integrated with solar irrigation irrigation to increase access to water and

Hamish John Appleby / IWMI

9http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/iwmi-tata/PDFs/dhundi_solar_energy_producers_cooperative_society-tri-annual_report-2015-18.pdf

63 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Feed-in-tariff

DISCOM (` 3.50/kwh) PM-KUSUM (Pradhan Mantri NABARD Kisan Urja Suraksha Loan (65%) Evam Utthan ABhY GW Mahabhiyan) Bonus (` 3.50/kwh) Other Sources (16%) Solar Irrigation Pumps (PM-KUSUM) Atal Bhujal and GW Conservation Farmer Yojana (ABhY) Water (5%) Harvesting Bonus (ABhY) Mahatma and Conservation MNRE Gandhi NREGA (MJSA) (30%) (24%) Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Agriculture Yojana (PMKSY) MJSA United Improvement Fund (~30%)

Micro National Irrigation Mission for Fund Sustainable Atal Bhujal Agriculture Yojana (NMSA) (ABhY)

Figure 12: Convergence Model for effective water conservation and water harvesting under MJSA with solar and efficient irrigation

7.2 Underground basin scale through the installation of groundwater recharge infrastructure at Transfer of Floods strategic sites distributed across a basin to recharge depleted groundwater storage for Irrigation capacity.

Underground Transfer of Floods for IWMI in collaboration with Indian 10 Irrigation (UTFI) which involves targeted Council of Agricultural research (ICAR), recharging of excess wet season ows in ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research For building aquifers, is one novel way of Institute and Krishi Vigyan agriculture, operationalising integrated water Kendra-Rampur carried out pilot groundwater and management and build resilience to both assessment of UTFI in Rampur. e oods and droughts. UTFI is a form of project recommended and focused on flood resilience managed aquifer recharge that works at the convergence of multiple government

10https://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/publications/iwmi-research-reports/iwmi-research-report-165/

64 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT schemes. e main components of UTFI and maintenance that includes desilting include UTFI suitability and resource and pond stabilisation can be carried out assessment, building UTFI infrastructure through Mahatma Gandhi NREGA and UTFI operation and maintenance. whereas schemes like NHP can be used for is can be complemented with capacity UTFI suitability and resource assessments. building of GPs, drip irrigation for e cient Further, resilience can be enhanced by use of water and solar irrigation for bringing in demand management through replacing diesel pumps. Figure 13 shows micro-irrigation and bringing solar how dierent schemes could be converged irrigation with feed in tari as discussed for upscaling UTFI and making it more above using PM-KUSUM scheme. Atal resilient. Core infrastructure cost Bhujal Yojana can play a role in building requirements could be co-nanced through capacity of gram panchayats for the Mahatma Gandhi NREGA and the 15th management of UTFI and overall Finance Commission; yearly operations participatory groundwater management.

Operations and Maintenance (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA) Water resource assessment (NHP)

UTFI Capacity Infrastructure Building (Mahatma Gandhi NREGA + (ABhY) Finance Commission)

Micro irrigation Solar (PMKSY-PDMC) irrigation (PM-KUSUM)

Figure 13: Convergence model for upscaling Underground Transfer of Floods for Irrigation (UTFI)

65 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 7.3 Upscaling implemented at local scale with the climate smart villages model. Water smart Climate Smart practices form a critical and signicant part of the CSA practices portfolio and consists agriculture of a range of dierent interventions such as Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) is an building storage in surface reservoirs, approach for developing agricultural enhancing groundwater recharge, improv- strategies to secure sustainable food ing soil moisture and increasing water security under climate change and has application e ciency. With water assured, other practices can be built upon to make Improving three objectives of adaptation, mitigation, and improving food security for small-scale the villages water resilient while increasing agriculture farmers11. is is achieved by implement- income and contributing to mitigation at productivity, ing and developing a portfolio of climate the same time. Number of schemes already smart interventions: water smart, weather include these activities providing conver- resilience and gence opportunities to upscale climate contributing to smart, energy smart, carbon smart, nitrogen smart and knowledge smart. CSA smart agriculture (Table 5). Figure 14 gives mitigation is very much context specic and can be the convergence model for CSA.

CSV components CRWM component Activities Scheme

Weather smart Water resource assessment Monitoring, advisories, IMD, NHP, CWC, forecasting, Insurance NICRA, PMFBY

Water smart Water supply + demand Recharge, storage, Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, soil moisture PMKSY

Nutrient smart Value added activities Nutrient management, RKVY, DAY-NRLM, precision fertilisers, Livestock NMAET, NFSM

Energy smart Demand + value added Solar energy, minimum PM-KUSUM, RKVY-RAFTAAR tillage, residue management

Knowledge smart Capacity building Trainings, visits, NMAET, ABhY, NFSM Farmer learning

Table 5: CSA portfolio alignment with CRWM components and related schemes

11http://www.fao.org/climate-smart-agriculture/en/

66 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT IMD, CWC PMFBY

Weather smart NHP PMKSY

NFSM Mahatma ABhY Water smart Gandhi NREGA Knowledge smart NMAET DAY- Nutrient NRLM smart Energy smart ABhY NMAET

NFSM KUSUM RKVY

Figure 14: Convergence model for upscaling Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA)

7.4 Managing BICSA12 focuses on this by providing an integrated solution through drought and Climate Risks of ood insurance, improved seed varieties, weather forecasting services and climate Floods and Droughts smart farming practices. e identied Bundled Solutions Increasingly unpredictable weather is schemes already have provisions for all of Index Insurance becoming a major hazard across the globe these activities and can be converged for with Climate and especially in India with its large managing climate risks related to oods Information and dependence on agriculture. To build the and droughts. resilience of farmers to these weather Seed Systems Table 6 provides CRWM convergence extremes of water scarcity and abundance, to manage models for drought and ood. In case an there is a need for convergence across area is prone to both oods and droughts, Agricultural monitoring, forecasting, drought and ood the interventions can be converged. Risks (BICSA) management activities. e IWMI project

12https://wle.cgiar.org/bundled-solutions-index-insurance-climate-information-and-seed-systems-manage-agricultural-risks

67 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Component What Scheme

Assessment and monitoring of risks Vulnerability mapping; NICRA, NHP, IMD, CWC, ISRO Risk monitoring and forecast

Building flood resilience Insurance [Index-based] PMFBY

Submergence tolerant seeds NFSM, RKVY-RAFTAAR

Nature based solutions: Plantation, recharge, Mahatma Gandhi NREGA

Flood infrastructure FMBAP, MPLADS

Building drought resilience Insurance [Index based] PMFBY

Drought resilient seeds NFSM

Supply + demand measures Mahatma Gandhi NREGA ,PMKSY, NGOs, Private sector CSR

Table 6: CRWM convergence model for drought and flood management

Mahatma Gandhi MPLADS NREGA PMFBY NICRA

FMBAP Building Flood IMD, CWC, Resilience ISRO Assessment and NFSM, Monitoring of Risks RKVY

PMFBY NHP Building Drought Resilience Mahatma Gandhi PMFBY NREGA NFSM, RKVY NGOs, CSRs

Figure 15: Convergence model for integrated drought and flood management

68 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 8 INSTITUTIONAL CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING

Institutional convergence and co-financing at planning and implementation phase of CRWM is critical for arriving at a common and shared understanding of challenges. However, this process is challenging and beset with silo thinking.

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06690606 /// CONVERGENCECONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATECLIMATE RESILIENTRESILIENTRESILIENT WATERWATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Having an Integrating physical, institutional, social identication of beneciaries and and economic capital is key for implementation procedures are explained. institutional comprehensive development. Development To ascertain how institutional convergence framework or through convergence is also a time can eectively take place, there is a need to arrangement for consuming process and not without identify the following for each of the convergence is challenges. It is important to have a vision schemes to be converged: and a holistic design which is exible 1. Existing institutional arrangements at very critical for before planning activities with various central, state, district and sub-district bringing in departments. is design should be level. continuously revisited to accommodate effective need based changes as we go forward. 2. Key person(s) who are part of these convergence. Institutionally, the process of convergence institutional arrangements. of resources should ideally start right from 3. Main planning documents prepared at the planning stage itself. Collective dierent level of institutional planning and implementation among arrangements. dierent departments/sectoral institutions 4. Current framework/guidance on will enhance social capital, common and convergence, if any. For instance, the shared understanding for improved Ministry of Rural Development operation and management. is will help (MoRD) developed Guidelines for in creating durable natural resource assets Convergence of Mahatma Gandhi and when organically integrated with NREGA with dierent schemes in 2009. agricultural production systems, this will improve land productivity and income Here we outline this procedure considering resilience to cope with climatic stresses. four schemes; Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, Having an institutional framework or RKVY-RAFTAAR, PMKSY-PDMC and arrangement for convergence is very critical JJM. Based on the collected data, the same for bringing in eective convergence. can be expanded for other schemes as well. ey cover CRWM components of water All the central and state government supply, demand, value/income schemes have their respective guidelines enhancement and capacity building. with a multi-level institutional structure Mahatma Gandhi NREGA is under where responsibilities such as guiding MoRD, RKVY and PMKSY-PDMC under principles, nance, planning, admissibility MoAFW, and JJM under MoJS. of works/activities, entitlements,

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70 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 8.1 Existing Guidelines on Convergence

SCHEME Convergence process at different levels

District: Annual Action Plans relating to Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, Mahatma Gandhi NREGA IWMP and PMKSY are coordinated

State: State’s Annual Action Plan shall clearly reflect the convergence carried out with the various departments and schemes

District: Strategies for convergences with other programmes are RKVY-RAFTAAR appropriately incorporated in District Action Plans

State: Before recommending projects to the state level sanctioning committee, the state level screening committee (SLSC) will further examine and ensure that convergence with other State/Central Schemes has been attempted

District: District Irrigation Plans (and State Irrigation Plans) will PMKSY-PDMC provide requisite emphasis on convergence by eliminating overlap of resources & efforts and ensuring optimal utilisation of funds available through various Centrally Sponsored/State Plan Schemes

State: SLSC to ensure convergence with other schemes and that no duplication of efforts or resources takes place

Institutional arrangements are to be established at all levels with JJM linkages and convergence with other programmes

District: District Action Plans (also State Action Plans) to identify sources of convergence to meet the requirements emerging from Village Action Plans and also include other activities taken up under different schemes/programmes to achieve long-term water security

State: Convergence of activities and funds from different sources, viz. Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, IWMP, SBA-G, MPLADS, etc.

Centre: Coordinate with other Ministries/Departments for convergence

Table 7: Current framework/guidance on convergence under Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, RKVY, PMKSY and JJM schemes

71 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT From the scheme guidelines, it is clear that 8.2 Existing the emphasis on convergence is given in all the schemes. And already, some tasks have Institutional been identied for carrying out convergence. For example, Mahatma Arrangements Gandhi NREGA has convergence Table 8 shows the existing institutional guidelines with suggested works and modes structure, key members (chairmen) and of convergence along with reporting planning documents prepared at dierent structure; RKVY-RAFTAAR encourages levels for selected schemes. For all the convergences with a wide range of schemes schemes, institutional arrangements exist at and state departments; PMKSY guidelines all tiers, except PMKSY-PDMC which highlight ensuring convergence with all formally doesn’t have an arrangement at rural assets/infrastructure based block or village level but guidelines programmes related to water conservation recommend taking feedback from block and management programmes/schemes; o cers and gram panchayat. e existing and JJM encourages exploring convergence institutional arrangement already shows with ongoing central and state funded that there is overlap in terms of personnel, schemes along with trusts/ foundations/ especially at district level where most of CSRs/ donors/ community initiatives, etc. these schemes are implemented. While at the centre, all schemes are headed by However, these is a lack of a consistent and respective Ministries, the common concrete framework to ensure that the institution structure is clearer at the district recommended convergence is carried out. level. At district level, most of the schemes Table 7 gives the current responsibilities are headed by district magistrate/collector with regard to convergence at dierent (or CEO of Zila parishad). In most levels. In most of the existing guidelines, schemes, the plans originate and the district is identied as the starting level consolidate following a bottom-up where convergence opportunities have to approach. While Mahatma Gandhi be identied whereas at state level, NREGA and JJM focus on village action reporting and recommendation of projects plans, both RKVY and PMKSY-PDMC based on convergence have to be done. documents are prepared at district level. ere is no clear planning and reporting structure as such to keep track of convergence in an integrated manner.

72 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Institutional arrangements

Mahatma Gandhi RKVY PMKSY-PDMC JJM NREGA Centre NMT and CEGC DAC & FW NEC and NSC NJJM

State SEGC and SMC SLSC and SLSC IDWG and SLSC SWSM

District DPC DAPU DLIC DWSM

Block PO, TM and BRC BAPU/TAPU - VWSC

Village Gram Panchayat PAPU/VAPU - VWSC

Members/Chairmen

Mahatma Gandhi RKVY PMKSY-PDMC JJM NREGA Centre Additional Secretary/ Secretary (DAC&FW) NSC: Chairmanship Mission Director Joint Secretary (Mahatma of Prime Minister (National Jal Jeevan Mission) Gandhi NREGA) NEC: Vice Chairman, NITI Aayog

State Senior IAS officer SLCM: (APC) or nominated by CS IDWG: APC CS/Additional CS Secretary/Commissioner SLSC: CS, State SLSC: CS, State Mahatma Gandhi NREGA

District (DC) or (CEO, ZP) President of ZP DC + CEO, ZP CEO of ZP/DC and DC/DM

Block Block / intermediate President of Taluka/Block/Mandal - - panchayat and BRC

Village GP Sarpanch/President of GP - GP

Planning documents

Mahatma Gandhi RKVY PMKSY-PDMC JJM NREGA Centre Guidelines and budget Guidelines and budget Guidelines and budget Guidelines and budget

State State plans SAPs SIP SAP*

District District plans C-DAPs DIPs DAP

Block Block plans - - -

Village Annual action plan of GP - - VAP

Table 8: Existing Institutional Structure for Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, RKVY, PMKSY and JJM

73 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Notes:

Institutional arrangements NMT: National Management Team; CEGC: Central Employment Guarantee Council; DAR and FW: Dept. of agriculture, cooperation and farmers welfare (DAC & FW); NEC: National Executive Committee; NSC: National Steering Committee; NJJM: National Jal Jeevan Mission SEGC: State employment guarantee council; SMC: State Mahatma Gandhi NREGA Mission/ Cell (SMC) within rural development Department; SLCS: State level screening committee; SLCS: State level sanctioning committee (SLSC) IDWG: Inter Departmental Working Group; SWSM: State Water and Sanitation Mission; District agriculture planning unit (DAPU); District Level Implementation Committee (DLIC); District Water and Sanitation Committee (DWSM); Programme officer (PO); Technical team (TM); Block Resource Centre (BRC); Block or Taluka agriculture planning unit (BAPU/TAPU); Block Water and Sanitation Committee (BWSC); Village Water and Sanitation Committee (VWSC); Panchayat or Village agriculture planning unit (PAPU/VAPU)

Members/chairmen DPC: District Programme Coordinator; Agriculture Production Commissioner (APC); Chief Secretary of the State (CS);Indian Administrative Service (IAS) GP: Gram Panchayat ; District Collector (DC) or Chief Executive Officer, Zilla Parishad (CEO, ZP);

Planning documents State agriculture plans (SAPs); State irrigation plan (SIP); Village action plan (VAP); District action plan (DAP); State action plan (SAP)*; District Irrigation plan (DIPs); Comprehensive District agriculture plans (C-DAPs)

8.3 Suggested augmenting wage employment. At the same time, the choice of work allowed in Institutional the Act addresses causes of chronic poverty like drought, deforestation and soil and Arrangement water conservation, so that the process of For facilitating the process of convergence, employment generation is maintained on a committees at dierent levels (state, district sustained basis through creation of durable and block/taluka) representing relevant line assets. As discussed in previous sections of departments are to be formed for better this report, there is a strong coordination. ese committees should complementarity between Mahatma oversee the planning and implementation Gandhi NREGA and other Central and process. Key players from relevant line State Government Programmes/Schemes departments, who are already part of specially related to natural resources respective schemes, should be involved in management and agriculture. Great benet the joint eld visits, and in planning and can be derived by seeking convergence of preparation of action plans embedded with these schemes with Mahatma Gandhi a clear convergence matrix indicating NREGA by pooling their resources, source(s) for leveraging funds for given nancial and institutional, for building components from respective schemes. e resilience to climate adaptation. convergence matrix must clearly identify Village source of funding for each type/nature of e potential schemes for convergence activity/work including the quantity. such as Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, JJM, Ideally, for planning and implementation PMKSY-WDC and RKVY consider of CWRM, village/gram panchayat is the village/GP or cluster of villages in a most appropriate unit to bring about watershed (for IWMP) as the unit for meaningful impact through convergence planning and implementation. For other and co-nancing with Mahatma Gandhi schemes, those are important but they NREGA as the central scheme for water consider district or any other unit for adaptation to climate change. e primary planning depending upon allocation and objective of Mahatma Gandhi NREGA is priorities, which can be suitably

74 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT dis-aggregated at sub-district level by the implementing other need based schemes as District Level Committee. For bottom-up per local needs of CWRM components planning, preparing action/work may be co-opted from time to time. plan/project report at GP level, through a District convergence plan for CWRM is committee of representatives’ drawn from developed by aggregating village/GP/Block local level Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, level interventions. Also, it needs to be agriculture, irrigation and water resources, ensured that all the locally relevant Block/Union o ce and other need based CRWM components are arranged and key sectoral schemes may be formed, and collated, gaps identied and opportunities this could be headed by an Mahatma listed for convergence with available Gandhi NREGA nodal o cial. schemes. For any additional funding gaps, possibilities of co-nancing from CSR District funds of private sector and philanthropy District Level Coordination and organizations, international funding Convergence Committee (DLCCC), sources and other such sources may be headed by the District Collector/District explored to top up the viable funding gap. Magistrate or Chief Development O cer State (CDO)/CEO (ZP) shall coordinate, guide, approve, oversee and monitor projects at At the state level, a coordination district level. is will have district level committee under the chairmanship of o cials representing line departments Additional Chief Secretary/Development responsible for implementing Mahatma Commissioner/APC/Principal Secretary Gandhi NREGA, WDC-PMKSY, RD/Commissioner Mahatma Gandhi Agriculture Department for RKVY; NREGA with members from key line PMKSY-PDMC, Irrigation/Water departments will provide overall policy Resources (PMKSY, Groundwater directions and ensure coordination and Recharge, Jal Jeevan Mission), and other convergence at the district level. key schemes to be converged. Table 9 gives the suggested institutional Representatives responsible for arrangements.

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75 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Committee Chairmen Task

Centre - - Uniform convergence guidelines

State Coordination committee Additional Chief Secretary/Development Overall policy directions and Commissioner/APC/Principal Secretary ensure coordination and RD/Commissioner Mahatma Gandhi NREGA convergence at the district level

District District Level Coordination and District collector/Magistrate or Chief To coordinate, guide, approve, oversee Convergence Committee (DLCCC) Development Officer (CDO)/CEO (ZP) and monitor projects at district level.

District convergence plan for CWRM is developed by aggregating village/ GP/Block level interventions

Village GP level committee of Mahatma Gandhi NREGA nodal official Action/work plan/project report drawn representatives from local level Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, agriculture, irrigation & water resources, Block/union office and other need based key sectoral schemes may be formed

Table 9: Suggested Institutional Arrangement for Convergence

It is also very important to note that every convergence in consultation with central and state scheme has its own nodal Ministries/departments will be guidelines and operating procedures, and a useful option. is should clearly convergence of resources and institutions facilitate monitoring status of creating will need to keep that in consideration as planned assets and providing to how best these can be harmonised. For services/activities under convergence this to happen smoothly, district and state plan of CRWM. level committees are expected to provide Capacity of institutions and human necessary guidance on merit of the case. • resources for convergence Along with institutional arrangements, - building there is a need for: capacity of eld level sta, o cials and implementing institutions is the most • One window/Single portal for important and critical element to reporting - if all the line management develop improved convergence. Best o cials report on a common portal practices and case studies may be about planning, initiation and shared to improve their understanding progress/status, completion of and instil condence for building work/activities, this could help in climate resilience through convergence improved convergence. Maintaining of water and related production systems dedicated web-based MIS system for within the framework of CRWM.

76 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 8.4 Challenges exibility is required to accommodate changes as and when required within in Convergence the scope of guidelines for convergence. While institutional mechanisms for forging coordination is the main fulcrum of • Sequencing and synchronisation of convergence, it is best with following activities/works- When a multitude challenges which need to be looked into of line departments are involved in for successful convergence. implementing works/activities through convergence, it’s critical to • Diverse vision and narrow develop a proper schedule of work disciplinary/sectoral thinking- with time lines clearly spelling out the ough every single scheme has its sequencing of works as implementa- specic objectives but majority of tion of activities are contingent upon these have overarching goals of each other and which one follows improving income, livelihood, what. is is particularly very crucial improved natural resources, resilience, in the case of implementing CRWM, production, productivity and food rstly because of a short window of security. It’s also important to note operation and secondly because of the the o cials carry their disciplinary sequence of activities. For instance, baggage and/or look at their the construction of water harvesting works/activities from a sectoral angle and conservation system has to be with a narrow perspective. erefore, followed by eld preparation and it is important to educate and crop sowing. sensitise them to broader thinking and a holistic approach towards value • Lack of incentives for convergence- proposition of synergised eorts and Invariably all the scheme guidelines convergence with other relevant encourage convergence within their schemes to link Means to Ends. is ambit. Yet, development of conver- will bring more impact and visibility gence is considered challenging. A to what they have otherwise been reason for this, perhaps is the lack of doing as standalone. is should thus incentive for line departments or their lead to building a common o cials to follow convergence, unless perspective with clearly dened made mandatory which is perhaps involvement and contribution to not the case. One option is to accomplish the ultimate goal of convince them that convergence building resilience to climate change brings more visibility and impact to adaptation. what they are otherwise doing standalone, and this can be supported • Lack of flexibility- Non-uniform by sharing best practices and case norms/provisions for implementation studies/success stories. Another of similar types of works/ activities suggestion would be to have a special under dierent scheme guidelines is mention and weightage for conver- something that has to be worked gence initiatives in their performance with. At the same time of planning reporting. and implementing interventions,

77 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT • Power structure and dynamics: Line general, the cumulative experience of management is key for convergence. working in such situations do also So if at the district level, there is a suggest that if we strictly follow consensus building on common scientic reasoning/principles in perspective, line management planning works and activities related becomes easy with clear roles and this to CRWM including the type of could take care of power dynamics to interventions and their site a desirable extent. selection/location within the scheme related guidelines, quite a lot of such • Political and social dynamics- More conicts of interest could be resolved. often than not, there could be In some cases, this will have to be political and social factors that play resolved through mediation by the out, sometimes in a subtle way and at senior level, and building some sort of times openly, at the village/GP level consensus involving locally respected particularly in selecting and prioritis- individuals. ing works and activities. But in

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78 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 9 CONCLUSION

Integrating the Climate change impact on the water cycle schemes were reviewed for their overall physical, is likely to get amplied in objectives, budget, synergy of provisioned agriculture-dependent developing activities with CRWM components and institutional, economies like India; putting current water coverage (areas or population specic, if social and management practices and dependent any). Also, opportunities of economic capital communities at risk. With water being at complementing resources from private is key for the heart of climate change adaptation, we organisations’ CSR activities, NGOs and must relook at the way water is being internationally funded projects are also comprehensive managed to adapt to climate change and identied and recommended. Overall, 30 development. achieving Sustainable Development Goals. national and 11 state specic schemes, For this, the adoption of climate-resilient were identied with components water management (CRWM) is crucial for contributing to CRWM and reviewed. In India’s ‘water future’. Within this larger addition, more than 15 private sector context, this report focuses on identifying companies, 15 NGOs and 19 international CRWM interventions and mapping and national funds were identied which convergence and co-nancing provide the opportunity for conancing opportunities for executing them with CRWM. existing institutional regimes. e key components of CRWM that have Conceptual and analytical framework for been considered and for which schemes are identifying and mapping convergence and mapped include water resource assessment, co-nancing opportunities for CRWM water supply augmentation, demand consisted of a) identifying and dening management, water quality water CRWM components, b) identifying and management, and water risk management mapping the most important government strategies to enhance resilience against schemes and programmes with activities droughts and oods. To make this holistic relating to CRWM, c) categorising and connecting Means with Ends, schemes’ recommended activities under cross-cutting interventions that focus on respective CRWM components, d) rating livelihood support including agriculture or of schemes based on the overall synergy income-enhancement, capacity with CRWM components and their total development and co-management of budget, e) building convergence and inter-related sectors such as the co-nancing models for CRWM and f) water-energy-food-climate nexus have been suggesting institutional convergence. e recommended in the CRWM framework.

06790606 /// CONVERGENCECONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATECLIMATE RESILIENTRESILIENTRESILIENT WATERWATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Often these involve policies and institutionalising convergence for planning interventions outside the water sector but and implementation of CRWM is also can have signicant impact on water suggested. Some of the key challenges in governance and climate resilience. Building institutional convergence are highlighted capacity of individuals and institutions is which requires specic focus to overcome silo thinking and process. also a key component of CRWM framework. Collaboration of the Overall, analyses shows that convergence government with NGOs to facilitate and co-nancing opportunities exist across CRWM activities capturing several government schemes and civil complementing opportunities from CSR society initiatives. Further, convergence funds, philanthropy foundations, and opportunities are best found where two or national and international funds is strongly more inter-connected sectors/systems create recommended. Based on the identied complex problems. A prime example of this convergence and co-nancing is the water-energy-food nexus – where opportunities, some potential convergence interventions in any one of the three sectors can have signicant consequences for the models for CRWM execution with a other two. Convergence and co-nancing specic focus on WASCA project states are are not just opportunities but become presented. inevitable, as silo interventions in one Integrating the physical, institutional, sector may not be successful or may even be social and economic capital is key for counter-productive. While convergence has comprehensive development. Development been the underlying mantra of a majority of through institutional convergence is a must development schemes and programmes and for implementing CRWM and it is not rightly so, as a way forward, it is without challenges. It is important to have recommended to employ and pilot the a vision and a holistic design which is proposed CRWM framework in few exible. Based on review of current selected districts of the WASCA project convergence guidelines and existing states. is feedback will further help in institutional structure, institutional rening and ne tuning of the CRWM convergence framework for convergence and co-nancing framework.

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06800606 /// CONVERGENCECONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATECLIMATE RESILIENTRESILIENTRESILIENT WATERWATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT 12. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Karnataka. (2015). 25. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2018). Operational Guidelines for Pradhan Mantri 40. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. (2019). Draft Guidelines for Implementation of KUSUM Suvarna Gramodaya Budget 2015-2016. Retrieved from Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) Har Khet Ko Pani (HKKP) - Ground Water Irrigation. Retrieved (Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthan Mahabhiyan)-Scheme for Farmers for Installation of Solar REFERENCES https://rdpr.kar.nic.in/document/Suvarna%20Gramodaya%20Budget%202015-16.pdf from http://mowr.gov.in/sites/default/files/PMKSY_HKKP_Guidelines_2018.pdf Pumps and Grid Connected Solar Power Plants. 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Retrieved from http://midh.gov.in/PDF/MIDH_Guidelines(final).pdf http://mowr.gov.in/programmes/flood-management-wing-programmes http://www.iamwarm.gov.in/PDF/Project/TN-IAMP-PIP.pdf http://upgwd.gov.in/MediaGallery/GWCM%20concept%20note.pdf 20. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare . (2018, August). Operational Guidelines for 33. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (2018). Guidelines for Swachh Bharat Abhiyan-Gramin. Retrieved from 48. Public Works Department, Government of Tamil Nadu. (2017). Announcement for Implementation of 8. Department of Irrigation and Water Resources, Government of Uttar Pradesh. (n.d.). UP Water Re-vamped National Food Security Mission . Retrieved from https://jalshakti-ddws.gov.in/sites/default/files/SBM(G)_Guidelines.pdf Kudimaramath scheme for the year 2016-17. Retrieved from Government of Tamil nadu: Sector Restructing Project 2. Retrieved from https://www.nfsm.gov.in/Guidelines/NFSM12102018.pdf https://cms.tn.gov.in/sites/default/files/go/pwd_e_21_2017.pdf http://idup.gov.in/pages/en/topmenu/w.b.-aided-projects/upwsrp/en-phase-on-going 34. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (2018, August). Guidelines on National Mission for Clean Ganga. Retrieved 21. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare . (n.d.). Operational Guidelines on Sub-Mission on from https://nmcg.nic.in/pdf/13_Guide%20Lines%20IAndD%20and%20STP%20-%20Final.pdf 49. Sawkar, R. H., Joshi, M., Swaminath, M. H., & Guruprasad, G. (2018). Government of India Policy of 9. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Governement of Tamil Nadu. (2019). Seeds and Planting Material (SMSP) under National Mission on Agricultural Extension and Fixing Minimum Support Price for Agriculture Products in Relation to Water Resources of Announcement of Kudimaramathu Scheme through State Funds in Convergence with water Technology (NMAET). Retrieved from http://agricoop.gov.in/sites/default/files/SMSP13.05.2014.pdf 35. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (2013). Modified Guidelines for the Accelerated Irrigation Benefits Peninsular India. Journal of the Geographical Society of India, 92, 389-392. resource assessment. Chennai: Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved from Programme (AIBP). New Delhi: Government of India. https://tnrd.gov.in/project/go_files/3_579_2019_MS96.pdf 22. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2011). Guidelines for Rainfed Area Development 50. UN Water. (2019). UN Water Policy Brief on Climate Change and Water. Geneva: UN Water. Programme (RADP). Retrieved from Government of India: 36. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (n.d.). National Hydrology Project. Retrieved from 10. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Karnataka. (n.d.). Conceptual http://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/RADP.pdf http://mowr.gov.in/schemes- projects-programmes/schemes/national-hydrology-project 51. World Bank. (2018, May 14). Programme appraisal document for Atal Bhujal Yojana(ABHY) - Outline of Survna Gramodaya Yojana. Retrieved from National Groundwater Management Improvement Programme. Retrieved from https://rdpr.kar.nic.in/document/SG_Conceptual_outline.pdf 23. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2014). Guidelines for Sub-Mission on Agricultural 37. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (n.d.). National River Conservation Directorate. Retrieved from Government http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/697581528428694246/pdf/India-PAD-126071-IN-05160 Extension (SMAE) under National Mission on Agricultural Extension and Technology (NMAET). of India: https://nrcd.nic.in/Home3.aspx# 18.pdf 11. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Karnataka. (2019). GOK Retrieved from http://jkatma.nic.in/pdf/guidelines.pdf Schemes: Jalamrutha. Retrieved from https://rdpr.kar.nic.in/english/jalamrutha.asp 38. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (2019, December). Operational Guidelines for Implementation of Jal Jeevan 24. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2008). Guidelines on The National Project on Mission (Har Ghar Jal). Retrieved from Government of India: https://jalshakti-ddws.gov.in/ Management of Soil Health and Fertility . Retrieved from Government of India: sites/default/files/JJM_Operational_Guidelines.pdf http://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/inm111108.pdf 39. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (n.d.). River Basin Management Scheme. Retrieved from Government of India: http://jalshakti-dowr.gov.in/schemes-projects-programmes/schemes/river-basin-management

81 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 12. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Karnataka. (2015). 25. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2018). Operational Guidelines for Pradhan Mantri 40. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. (2019). Draft Guidelines for Implementation of KUSUM Suvarna Gramodaya Budget 2015-2016. Retrieved from Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) Har Khet Ko Pani (HKKP) - Ground Water Irrigation. Retrieved (Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthan Mahabhiyan)-Scheme for Farmers for Installation of Solar https://rdpr.kar.nic.in/document/Suvarna%20Gramodaya%20Budget%202015-16.pdf from http://mowr.gov.in/sites/default/files/PMKSY_HKKP_Guidelines_2018.pdf Pumps and Grid Connected Solar Power Plants. New Delhi: Government of India.

13. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Rajasthan. (2015). 26. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2018). Operational Guidelines for Sub-Mission on 41. Ministry of Panchayati Raj. (n.d.). Framework for Implementation of Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Mukhyamantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan (MJSA) Guidelines. Retrieved from Agricultural Mechanization (SMAM) under National Mission on Agricultural Extension and Abhiyan. Retrieved from Government of India: http://water.rajaasthan.gov.in/content/dam/water/water-resources-department/Guidelines/GUIDELE Technology (NMAET). Retrieved from https://rgsa.nic.in/aboutRGSA.html?%3Ccsrf:token%20uri=%27aboutRGSA.html%27/%3E 1. Department of Agriculture, Government of Karnataka. (2019). Krishi Bhagya Guidelines 2019-20. _of_MMJSA.pdf https://www.agrimachinery.nic.in/Files/Guidelines/smam1819.pdf Retrieved from https://raitamitra.karnataka.gov.in/storage/pdf-files/KBY201920guidelines.pdf 42. Ministry of Rural Development. (2013). Operational Guidelines of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural 14. Global Commission on Adaptation. (2019). Adapt Now: A Global Call For Leadership on Climate 27. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2014). Operational Guidelines of Integrated scheme Employment Guarantee Act (water resource assessment). Retrieved from Government of India: 2. Department of Agriculture, Government of Madhya Pradesh. (n.d.). Mukhyamantri Khet Tirtha Resilience. Washington DC: World Resources Institute. for agricultural marketing. Retrieved from https://nrega.nic.in/Circular_Archive/archive/Operational_guidelines_4thEdition_eng_2013.pdf Yojana. Retrieved from http://mpkrishi.mp.gov.in/hindisite_New/pdfs/MKTY.pdf http://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/ files/finalopguidelines_0.pdf 15. Government of Karnataka. (2019). Budget Announcement by CM H.D. Kumarswamy. Retrieved from 43. Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship. (2016). Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana 3. Department of Agriculture, Government of Tamil Nadu. (2011). Citizen Charter: Schemes under http://karnatakainformation.gov.in/PDF/2019_EnglishBudget.pdf 28. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (n.d.). Operational Guidelines of Pradhan Mantri Guidelines (2016-2020). Retrieved from Agricultural Engineering Department including Scheme for artificial recharge of groundwater & Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY). Retrieved from https://pmkvyofficial.org/App_Documents/News/PMKVY%20Guidelines%20(2016-2020).pdf Rainwater harvesting and runoff management programme. Retrieved from Government of Tamil 16. James, A. J., Bahadur, A. V., Verma, S., Reid, P., & Biswas, S. (2018). Climate Resilient Water https://pmksy.gov.in/pdflinks/Guidelines_English.pdf Nadu: https://cms.tn.gov.in/sites/default/files/schemes/agriculture_80.pdf Management: An Operational framework from South Asia. Acclimatise and Oxford Policy 44. Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. (2018). Guidelines on Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Management. 29. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2018, May). Revised Guideline for Paramparagat Yojana (PMAGY). Retrieved from Government of India: 4. Department of Finance, Government of Madhya Pradesh. Budget 2019. Retrieved from: Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) Scheme. Retrieved from http://socialjustice.nic.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/PMAGY-Guidelines-16102018.pdf http://www.finance.mp.gov.in/2019/volume8.pdf 17. Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare. . Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana- Remunerative http://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/Final%20PKVY%20revised%20guideline.%20.pdf Approaches for Agriculture and Allied sector Rejuvenation (RKVY-RAFTAAR) Operational Guidelines 45. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation . (2016, June). Guidelines on Members of 5. Department of Finance, Government of Tamil Nadu. Budget speech (2019-20). Retrieved from: (2017-18 & 2019-20). Retrieved from 30. Ministry of Finance. (2020). Expenditure Budget: All Statement of India Budget Estimate. Retrieved Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS). Retrieved from https://cms.tn.gov.in/sites/default/files/documents/fin_budget_speech_e_2019_20.pdf http://rkvy.nic.in/static/download/pdf/RKVY_14th_Fin._Comm.pdf from Government of India: https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/doc/eb/allsbe.pdf https://www.mplads.gov.in/MPLADS/UploadedFiles/MPLADSGuidelines2016English_638.pdf 6. Department of Finance, Government of Uttar Pradesh. (2020). Budget Estimate: Irrigation 18. Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare. . Revised Operational Guidelines Pradhan Mantri Fasal 31. Ministry of Food Processing Industries. (2017). Operational Guidelines for the Scheme for 46 Mission on Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (MSDA). Agriculture Engineering Department, Tamil Department (Nirmal Karya). Retrieved from Government of Uttar Pradesh: Bima Yojana (PMFBY). Retrieved from https://pmfby.gov.in/pdf/Revised_Operational_Guidelines.pdf Creation/Expansion of Food Processing and Preservation Capacities under Kisan Sampada Yojana. Nadu. Link: http://www.aed.tn.gov.in/English/msda.html http://budget.up.nic.in/PDF20_21/Gr94.pdf Retrieved from https://mofpi.nic.in/sites/default/files/guidelines_cefppc_2_0.pdf 19. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare . (2014, April). Operational Guidelines Mission for 47. Public Work Department. (2017). Tamil Nadu Irrigated Agriculture Modernization 7. Department of Ground Water, Government of Uttar Pradesh. (2017). State Groundwater Integrated Development of Horticulture (Subsuming interventions under NHM,HMNEH,NBM,NHB,CDB 32. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (n.d.). Flood Management and Border Areas Programme. Retrieved from Project-Implementation Plan. Retrieved from Government of Tamil Nadu: Conservation Mission: Concept Note. Retrieved from & CIH). Retrieved from http://midh.gov.in/PDF/MIDH_Guidelines(final).pdf http://mowr.gov.in/programmes/flood-management-wing-programmes http://www.iamwarm.gov.in/PDF/Project/TN-IAMP-PIP.pdf http://upgwd.gov.in/MediaGallery/GWCM%20concept%20note.pdf 20. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare . (2018, August). Operational Guidelines for 33. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (2018). Guidelines for Swachh Bharat Abhiyan-Gramin. Retrieved from 48. Public Works Department, Government of Tamil Nadu. (2017). Announcement for Implementation of 8. Department of Irrigation and Water Resources, Government of Uttar Pradesh. (n.d.). UP Water Re-vamped National Food Security Mission . Retrieved from https://jalshakti-ddws.gov.in/sites/default/files/SBM(G)_Guidelines.pdf Kudimaramath scheme for the year 2016-17. Retrieved from Government of Tamil nadu: Sector Restructing Project 2. Retrieved from https://www.nfsm.gov.in/Guidelines/NFSM12102018.pdf https://cms.tn.gov.in/sites/default/files/go/pwd_e_21_2017.pdf http://idup.gov.in/pages/en/topmenu/w.b.-aided-projects/upwsrp/en-phase-on-going 34. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (2018, August). Guidelines on National Mission for Clean Ganga. Retrieved 21. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare . (n.d.). Operational Guidelines on Sub-Mission on from https://nmcg.nic.in/pdf/13_Guide%20Lines%20IAndD%20and%20STP%20-%20Final.pdf 49. Sawkar, R. H., Joshi, M., Swaminath, M. H., & Guruprasad, G. (2018). Government of India Policy of 9. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Governement of Tamil Nadu. (2019). Seeds and Planting Material (SMSP) under National Mission on Agricultural Extension and Fixing Minimum Support Price for Agriculture Products in Relation to Water Resources of Announcement of Kudimaramathu Scheme through State Funds in Convergence with water Technology (NMAET). Retrieved from http://agricoop.gov.in/sites/default/files/SMSP13.05.2014.pdf 35. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (2013). Modified Guidelines for the Accelerated Irrigation Benefits Peninsular India. Journal of the Geographical Society of India, 92, 389-392. resource assessment. Chennai: Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved from Programme (AIBP). New Delhi: Government of India. https://tnrd.gov.in/project/go_files/3_579_2019_MS96.pdf 22. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2011). Guidelines for Rainfed Area Development 50. UN Water. (2019). UN Water Policy Brief on Climate Change and Water. Geneva: UN Water. Programme (RADP). Retrieved from Government of India: 36. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (n.d.). National Hydrology Project. Retrieved from 10. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Karnataka. (n.d.). Conceptual http://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/RADP.pdf http://mowr.gov.in/schemes- projects-programmes/schemes/national-hydrology-project 51. World Bank. (2018, May 14). Programme appraisal document for Atal Bhujal Yojana(ABHY) - Outline of Survna Gramodaya Yojana. Retrieved from National Groundwater Management Improvement Programme. Retrieved from https://rdpr.kar.nic.in/document/SG_Conceptual_outline.pdf 23. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2014). Guidelines for Sub-Mission on Agricultural 37. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (n.d.). National River Conservation Directorate. Retrieved from Government http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/697581528428694246/pdf/India-PAD-126071-IN-05160 Extension (SMAE) under National Mission on Agricultural Extension and Technology (NMAET). of India: https://nrcd.nic.in/Home3.aspx# 18.pdf 11. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Karnataka. (2019). GOK Retrieved from http://jkatma.nic.in/pdf/guidelines.pdf Schemes: Jalamrutha. Retrieved from https://rdpr.kar.nic.in/english/jalamrutha.asp 38. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (2019, December). Operational Guidelines for Implementation of Jal Jeevan 24. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2008). Guidelines on The National Project on Mission (Har Ghar Jal). Retrieved from Government of India: https://jalshakti-ddws.gov.in/ Management of Soil Health and Fertility . Retrieved from Government of India: sites/default/files/JJM_Operational_Guidelines.pdf http://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/inm111108.pdf 39. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (n.d.). River Basin Management Scheme. Retrieved from Government of India: http://jalshakti-dowr.gov.in/schemes-projects-programmes/schemes/river-basin-management

82 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 12. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Karnataka. (2015). 25. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2018). Operational Guidelines for Pradhan Mantri 40. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. (2019). Draft Guidelines for Implementation of KUSUM Suvarna Gramodaya Budget 2015-2016. Retrieved from Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) Har Khet Ko Pani (HKKP) - Ground Water Irrigation. Retrieved (Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthan Mahabhiyan)-Scheme for Farmers for Installation of Solar https://rdpr.kar.nic.in/document/Suvarna%20Gramodaya%20Budget%202015-16.pdf from http://mowr.gov.in/sites/default/files/PMKSY_HKKP_Guidelines_2018.pdf Pumps and Grid Connected Solar Power Plants. New Delhi: Government of India.

83 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT 12. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Karnataka. (2015). 25. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2018). Operational Guidelines for Pradhan Mantri 40. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. (2019). Draft Guidelines for Implementation of KUSUM Suvarna Gramodaya Budget 2015-2016. Retrieved from Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) Har Khet Ko Pani (HKKP) - Ground Water Irrigation. Retrieved (Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthan Mahabhiyan)-Scheme for Farmers for Installation of Solar https://rdpr.kar.nic.in/document/Suvarna%20Gramodaya%20Budget%202015-16.pdf from http://mowr.gov.in/sites/default/files/PMKSY_HKKP_Guidelines_2018.pdf Pumps and Grid Connected Solar Power Plants. New Delhi: Government of India.

13. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Rajasthan. (2015). 26. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2018). Operational Guidelines for Sub-Mission on 41. Ministry of Panchayati Raj. (n.d.). Framework for Implementation of Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Mukhyamantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan (MJSA) Guidelines. Retrieved from Agricultural Mechanization (SMAM) under National Mission on Agricultural Extension and Abhiyan. Retrieved from Government of India: http://water.rajaasthan.gov.in/content/dam/water/water-resources-department/Guidelines/GUIDELE Technology (NMAET). Retrieved from https://rgsa.nic.in/aboutRGSA.html?%3Ccsrf:token%20uri=%27aboutRGSA.html%27/%3E 1. Department of Agriculture, Government of Karnataka. (2019). Krishi Bhagya Guidelines 2019-20. _of_MMJSA.pdf https://www.agrimachinery.nic.in/Files/Guidelines/smam1819.pdf Retrieved from https://raitamitra.karnataka.gov.in/storage/pdf-files/KBY201920guidelines.pdf 42. Ministry of Rural Development. (2013). Operational Guidelines of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural 14. Global Commission on Adaptation. (2019). Adapt Now: A Global Call For Leadership on Climate 27. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2014). Operational Guidelines of Integrated scheme Employment Guarantee Act (water resource assessment). Retrieved from Government of India: 2. Department of Agriculture, Government of Madhya Pradesh. (n.d.). Mukhyamantri Khet Tirtha Resilience. Washington DC: World Resources Institute. for agricultural marketing. Retrieved from https://nrega.nic.in/Circular_Archive/archive/Operational_guidelines_4thEdition_eng_2013.pdf Yojana. Retrieved from http://mpkrishi.mp.gov.in/hindisite_New/pdfs/MKTY.pdf http://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/ files/finalopguidelines_0.pdf 15. Government of Karnataka. (2019). Budget Announcement by CM H.D. Kumarswamy. Retrieved from 43. Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship. (2016). Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana 3. Department of Agriculture, Government of Tamil Nadu. (2011). Citizen Charter: Schemes under http://karnatakainformation.gov.in/PDF/2019_EnglishBudget.pdf 28. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (n.d.). Operational Guidelines of Pradhan Mantri Guidelines (2016-2020). Retrieved from Agricultural Engineering Department including Scheme for artificial recharge of groundwater & Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY). Retrieved from https://pmkvyofficial.org/App_Documents/News/PMKVY%20Guidelines%20(2016-2020).pdf Rainwater harvesting and runoff management programme. Retrieved from Government of Tamil 16. James, A. J., Bahadur, A. V., Verma, S., Reid, P., & Biswas, S. (2018). Climate Resilient Water https://pmksy.gov.in/pdflinks/Guidelines_English.pdf Nadu: https://cms.tn.gov.in/sites/default/files/schemes/agriculture_80.pdf Management: An Operational framework from South Asia. Acclimatise and Oxford Policy 44. Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. (2018). Guidelines on Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Management. 29. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2018, May). Revised Guideline for Paramparagat Yojana (PMAGY). Retrieved from Government of India: 4. Department of Finance, Government of Madhya Pradesh. Budget 2019. Retrieved from: Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) Scheme. Retrieved from http://socialjustice.nic.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/PMAGY-Guidelines-16102018.pdf http://www.finance.mp.gov.in/2019/volume8.pdf 17. Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare. . Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana- Remunerative http://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/Final%20PKVY%20revised%20guideline.%20.pdf Approaches for Agriculture and Allied sector Rejuvenation (RKVY-RAFTAAR) Operational Guidelines 45. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation . (2016, June). Guidelines on Members of 5. Department of Finance, Government of Tamil Nadu. Budget speech (2019-20). Retrieved from: (2017-18 & 2019-20). Retrieved from 30. Ministry of Finance. (2020). Expenditure Budget: All Statement of India Budget Estimate. Retrieved Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS). Retrieved from https://cms.tn.gov.in/sites/default/files/documents/fin_budget_speech_e_2019_20.pdf http://rkvy.nic.in/static/download/pdf/RKVY_14th_Fin._Comm.pdf from Government of India: https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/doc/eb/allsbe.pdf https://www.mplads.gov.in/MPLADS/UploadedFiles/MPLADSGuidelines2016English_638.pdf 6. Department of Finance, Government of Uttar Pradesh. (2020). Budget Estimate: Irrigation 18. Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare. . Revised Operational Guidelines Pradhan Mantri Fasal 31. Ministry of Food Processing Industries. (2017). Operational Guidelines for the Scheme for 46 Mission on Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (MSDA). Agriculture Engineering Department, Tamil Department (Nirmal Karya). Retrieved from Government of Uttar Pradesh: Bima Yojana (PMFBY). Retrieved from https://pmfby.gov.in/pdf/Revised_Operational_Guidelines.pdf Creation/Expansion of Food Processing and Preservation Capacities under Kisan Sampada Yojana. Nadu. Link: http://www.aed.tn.gov.in/English/msda.html http://budget.up.nic.in/PDF20_21/Gr94.pdf Retrieved from https://mofpi.nic.in/sites/default/files/guidelines_cefppc_2_0.pdf 19. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare . (2014, April). Operational Guidelines Mission for 47. Public Work Department. (2017). Tamil Nadu Irrigated Agriculture Modernization 7. Department of Ground Water, Government of Uttar Pradesh. (2017). State Groundwater Integrated Development of Horticulture (Subsuming interventions under NHM,HMNEH,NBM,NHB,CDB 32. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (n.d.). Flood Management and Border Areas Programme. Retrieved from Project-Implementation Plan. Retrieved from Government of Tamil Nadu: Conservation Mission: Concept Note. Retrieved from & CIH). Retrieved from http://midh.gov.in/PDF/MIDH_Guidelines(final).pdf http://mowr.gov.in/programmes/flood-management-wing-programmes http://www.iamwarm.gov.in/PDF/Project/TN-IAMP-PIP.pdf http://upgwd.gov.in/MediaGallery/GWCM%20concept%20note.pdf 20. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare . (2018, August). Operational Guidelines for 33. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (2018). Guidelines for Swachh Bharat Abhiyan-Gramin. Retrieved from 48. Public Works Department, Government of Tamil Nadu. (2017). Announcement for Implementation of 8. Department of Irrigation and Water Resources, Government of Uttar Pradesh. (n.d.). UP Water Re-vamped National Food Security Mission . Retrieved from https://jalshakti-ddws.gov.in/sites/default/files/SBM(G)_Guidelines.pdf Kudimaramath scheme for the year 2016-17. Retrieved from Government of Tamil nadu: Sector Restructing Project 2. Retrieved from https://www.nfsm.gov.in/Guidelines/NFSM12102018.pdf https://cms.tn.gov.in/sites/default/files/go/pwd_e_21_2017.pdf http://idup.gov.in/pages/en/topmenu/w.b.-aided-projects/upwsrp/en-phase-on-going 34. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (2018, August). Guidelines on National Mission for Clean Ganga. Retrieved 21. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare . (n.d.). Operational Guidelines on Sub-Mission on from https://nmcg.nic.in/pdf/13_Guide%20Lines%20IAndD%20and%20STP%20-%20Final.pdf 49. Sawkar, R. H., Joshi, M., Swaminath, M. H., & Guruprasad, G. (2018). Government of India Policy of 9. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Governement of Tamil Nadu. (2019). Seeds and Planting Material (SMSP) under National Mission on Agricultural Extension and Fixing Minimum Support Price for Agriculture Products in Relation to Water Resources of Announcement of Kudimaramathu Scheme through State Funds in Convergence with water 35. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (2013). Modified Guidelines for the Accelerated Irrigation Benefits Technology (NMAET). Retrieved from http://agricoop.gov.in/sites/default/files/SMSP13.05.2014.pdf Peninsular India. Journal of the Geographical Society of India, 92, 389-392. resource assessment. Chennai: Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved from Programme (AIBP). New Delhi: Government of India. https://tnrd.gov.in/project/go_files/3_579_2019_MS96.pdf 22. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2011). Guidelines for Rainfed Area Development 50. UN Water. (2019). UN Water Policy Brief on Climate Change and Water. Geneva: UN Water. Programme (RADP). Retrieved from Government of India: 36. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (n.d.). National Hydrology Project. Retrieved from 10. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Karnataka. (n.d.). Conceptual http://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/RADP.pdf http://mowr.gov.in/schemes- projects-programmes/schemes/national-hydrology-project 51. World Bank. (2018, May 14). Programme appraisal document for Atal Bhujal Yojana(ABHY) - Outline of Survna Gramodaya Yojana. Retrieved from National Groundwater Management Improvement Programme. Retrieved from 37. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (n.d.). National River Conservation Directorate. Retrieved from Government https://rdpr.kar.nic.in/document/SG_Conceptual_outline.pdf 23. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2014). Guidelines for Sub-Mission on Agricultural http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/697581528428694246/pdf/India-PAD-126071-IN-05160 of India: https://nrcd.nic.in/Home3.aspx# Extension (SMAE) under National Mission on Agricultural Extension and Technology (NMAET). 18.pdf 11. Department of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj, Government of Karnataka. (2019). GOK Retrieved from http://jkatma.nic.in/pdf/guidelines.pdf Schemes: Jalamrutha. Retrieved from https://rdpr.kar.nic.in/english/jalamrutha.asp 38. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (2019, December). Operational Guidelines for Implementation of Jal Jeevan 24. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. (2008). Guidelines on The National Project on Mission (Har Ghar Jal). Retrieved from Government of India: https://jalshakti-ddws.gov.in/ Management of Soil Health and Fertility . Retrieved from Government of India: sites/default/files/JJM_Operational_Guidelines.pdf http://agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/inm111108.pdf 39. Ministry of Jal Shakti. (n.d.). River Basin Management Scheme. Retrieved from Government of India: http://jalshakti-dowr.gov.in/schemes-projects-programmes/schemes/river-basin-management

84 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT ANNEXURE A

Summary of Central and State Level schemes Tick mark indicates that the scheme has activities matching with specific CRWM component.

Scheme Acronym Ministry Budget Geographical CRWM Components ** Name FY 2020-21 area focus* (in INR crore) WRA WSA WDM WQM FM DM VEA CB/T/A

Central Schemes Atal Bhujal Yojana ABhY MoJS 6000 Yes      

Flood management FMBAP MoJS 750 No   and border areas programme

Integrated scheme ISAM MoAFW 490 No  on agricultural marketing

Jal Jeevan Mission JJM MoJS 11218 Yes   

Mahatma Gandhi Mahatma MoRD 101500 No       National Rural Gandhi Employment NREGA Guarantee Act

Member of MPLADS MoSPI 3960 Yes   Parliament Local Area Development Scheme

Mahila Kisan MKSP - NRLM MoRD 1000 No   Sashaktikaran Pariyojana-National Rural Livelihood Mission (MKSP – NRLM) Namami Gange Namami MoJS 800 Yes  Gange

National Food NFSM MoAFW 2100 No       Security Mission

National NHM MoAFW 2300 Yes     Horticulture Mission National Hydrology NHP MoJS 200 No   Project

National Mission NMAET MoAFW 1200 No   on Agricultural SMAE Extension and Technology- Sub mission on Agriculture Extension

8506 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Scheme Acronym Ministry Budget Geographical CRWM Components** Name FY 2020-21 area focus* (in INR crore) WRA WSA WDM WQM FM DM VEA CB/T/A

Central Schemes

National Mission NMAET MoAFW 1000 No  on Agricultural SMAM Extension and Technology- Sub mission on Agricultural Mechanisation

National Mission NMAET MoAFW 379 No  on Agricultural SMSP Extension and Technology- Sub-mission on Seed and Planting Material

National Mission NMSA- MoAFW 500 No  on Sustainable PKVY Agriculture-Param paragat Krishi Vikas Yojana

National Mission NMSA- MoAFW 203 Yes  on Sustainable RADP Agriculture-Rainfed Area Development and Climate Change

National project NPSHF MoAFW 315 No  on Soil Health and Fertility

National River NRCD MoJS 1060 Yes  Conservation Plan

PM Adarsh PMAGY MoSJE 700 Yes  Gram Yojana PM Fasal Bima Yojana PMFBY MoAFW 15695 Yes  

PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana PMKVY MoSDE 2726 No   PM Kisan Sampada Yojana PMKSaY MoFPI 1081 No 

PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana PMKSY-AIBP MoJS 1798 Yes   -Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme

PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana PMKSY- MoAFW 4000 No    -Per Drop More PDMC Crop

PM Krishi Sinchayee PMKSY- MoJS 1050 No   Yojana-Har Khet HKKP Ko Pani

Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan RGSA MoPR 857 Yes 

86 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT Scheme Acronym Ministry Budget Geographical CRWM Components** Name FY 2020-21 area focus* (in INR crore) WRA WSA WDM WQM FM DM VEA CB/T/A

Central Schemes

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas RKVY- MoAFW 3700 No      Yojana- Remunerative RAFTAAR Approaches for Agriculture and Allied Sector Rejuvenation River Basin RBM MoJS 200 No   Management

Swachh Bharat SBA-G MoJS 9994 No  Abhiyan-Gramin

Watershed WDC- MoRD 2000 Yes    Development PMKSY Component- PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana Rajasthan Mukhyamantri Jal MJSA DoWR 124 Yes    Swavlamban Abhiyan Karnataka

Jalamrutha - DoRD&PR 500a Yes    

Krishi Bhagya KBS DoA 45a Yes    Scheme

Suvarna Gramodaya SGY DoRD&PR 438b NA     Yojana

Madhya Pradesh

Khet Tirtha Yojana KTY DoA 17 No  Tamil Nadu

Kudimaramath - PWD 300 No  scheme

Tamil Nadu Irrigated TN-IAM WRO, 235 Yes     Agriculture PWD and Modernisation GoTN (TN-IAM) Rainwater Harvesting RHRMP DoA 120a Yes  and Runoff Management Programme

Mission on MSDA AED 292 Yes  Sustainable Dryland Agriculture Uttar Pradesh

State Groundwater SGCM DoGW 80 Yes     Conservation Mission UP Water Sector UPWSRP-2 DoIWR 2835c Yes    Restructuring (2013-2020) Project-phase II

Notes: * Indicates whether scheme focus on specific geographical area or states. No means scheme is applicable pan India. ** WRA: Water Resource Assessment; WSA: Water Supply Augmentation; WDM: Water Demand Management; WQM: Water Quality Management; FM: Flood Management; DM: Drought Management; VEA: Value Enhancing Activities; CB/T/A: Capacity Building/Training/Awareness afor 2019-20, b2015-16, c2013-2020

87 / CONVERGENCE AND CO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR CLIMATE-RESILIENT WATER MANAGEMENT ANNEXURE B

PMFBY MoAFW No 15695 Geographical Focus Areas of Schemes PMKSaY MoFPI No 1081 PMKSY-AIBP MoJS To bridge the requirement of funds for completion of the 1798 identified (presently 99) irrigation projects

Scheme/ Ministry/ Geographical focus Budget PMKSY-HKKP MoJS PMKSY-HKKP is not area-specific yet it gives priority 1050 Programme Department areas FY 2020-21 to small/medium farmers and SC/ST population (in crore INR) PMKSY-PDMC MoAFW No 4000 Central Schemes PMKVY MoSDE No 2726 ABhY MoJS Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, 6000 and Uttar Pradesh RBM MoJS No 200

FMBAP MoJS All states along with Ganga, Brahmaputra, 750 RGSA MoPR 117 Aspirational districts 857 Kosi embankment in Nepal, Ichhamati, Dibang and Lohit river basin RKVY-RAFTAAR MoAFW No 3700 ISAM MoAFW No 490 SBA-G MoJS No 9994 JJM MoJS Quality affected areas, DPAP, DDAs, Aspirational districts, 11218 Sansad Gram Panchayat Yojana villages, Revenue Villages, etc. WDC-PMKSY MoRD Cluster of micro-watersheds of area of about 5000 ha in rainfed/ 2000 degraded areas having no assured irrigation Mahatma Gandhi NREGA MoRD 100% urban populated districts exempted 101500 Rajasthan

MPLADS MoSPI SC & ST dominant areas and calamity affected areas 3960 MJSA DoWR MJSA prioritises villages under certain criteria such as villages 124 having IWMP/other watershed project, bad water quality, lack of Namami Gange MoJS River Ganga and its tributaries 800 drinking water supply, water deficit areas, rainfed agriculture dominant, Adarsh villages under Chief Minister, MP, MLA & other National River MoJS River Ganga and its tributaries; any polluted stretches of river 1060 schemes, etc. Conservation Plan13 Madhya Pradesh NFSM MoAFW No 2100 Jalamrutha DoRD&PR Jalamrutha only covers rural areas 300 NHM MoAFW NHM aims to cover all states except North East and Himalayan 2300 Region as it comes under Horticulture mission for the North KBS DoA Rainfed areas, coastal and Malnad areas- 25 districts are covered 45 East and Himalayan states SGY DoRD&PR NA 438 NHP MoJS No 200 Tamil Nadu NMAET-SMAE MoAFW No 1200 Kudimaramath PWD No 500 NMAET-SMAM MoAFW No 1000 scheme

NMAET-SMSP MoAFW No 379 RHRMP DoAE All Districts (except Chennai and The Nilgiris) under the Rural Infrastructure Development fund of NABARD 120 NMSA-PKVY MoAFW Not area-specific; gives priority to small and marginal farmers 500 and women farmers MSDA AED Cuddalore, Villupuram, Vellore, Tiruvannamalai, Salem, Namakkal, 292 Dharmapuri, Krishnagiri, Coimbatore, Tiruppur, Erode, Karur, NMSA-RADP MoAFW Only selected arid, semi-arid, sub-humid and humid 203 Tiruchirapalli, Pudukottai, Ariyalur, Perambalur, Madurai, Dindigul, (<30% cultivated area under irrigation) districts Virudhunagar, Sivagangai, Ramanathapuram Tirunelveli Thoothukudi, Tiruvallur, Thanjavur and Tiruvarur districts. NPSHF MoAFW No 315 TN-IAM WRO, PWD 66 sub basins in Tamil Nadu state 235 PM-KUSUM MNRE No 1000 and GoTN PMAGY MoSJE PMAGY focuses on SC dominant areas. Usually a certain number 700 Uttar Pradesh of SC majority Villages will be taken up for integrated development during a certain phase of the programme. e.g. in the Pilot Phase, SGCM DoGW Bundelkhand and Vindhayan area-54; exploited, critical, semi 80 1000 villages were chosen for funding and in the Phase-I, critical groundwater areas-217 and 22 cities 1500 villages were chosen under PMAG UPWSRP-2 DoIWR Areas covered under UPWSRP are Lower Ganga Canal system, 2835 (2013-2020) Haidargarh branch and Rohini, Jamni and Sajnam dam canal system 13Provision is for National River Conservation Programme relating to River Ganga and its tributaries. Under this programme, Word Bank assisted projects under National Ganga River Conservation Authorities are executed as National Mission for Clean Ganga.

8806 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Scheme/ Ministry/ Geographical focus Budget Programme Department areas FY 2020-21 (in crore INR)

PMFBY MoAFW No 15695

PMKSaY MoFPI No 1081

PMKSY-AIBP MoJS To bridge the requirement of funds for completion of the 1798 identified (presently 99) irrigation projects

8906 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT ANNEXURE C

JJM MoJS 11218 dedicated bore well recharge structures, rain water recharge, rejuvenation of existing water bodies, building canals and canal Annexure C1: Schemes with water resource assessment component channels, canal networks, functional household taconnections/ drinking water supply and their activities Mahatma MoRD 101500 contour trenches, contour bunds, boulder checks, gabion structure, Gandhi underground dykes, earthen dam, stop dam, farm pond, dug well, NREGA spring shed development activities, renovation of traditional water Schemes Ministry/ Budget Activities bodies, de-silting of tanks Department FY 2020-21 (in crore INR) MPLADS MoSPI 3960 rain water harvesting structures, boring construction, handpumps, tubewells, water tanks, water tankers, lift irrigation, culverts, Central schemes rainwater harvesting parks, public groundwater recharging facilities, ABhY MoJS 200 Monitoring and disseminating groundwater data, aquifer mapping piped water supply

FMBAP MoJS 750 Flood forecasting, hydrological modelling NFSM MoAFW 2100 community and field ditches linking natural drains, water harvesting structures, ponds, tanks, site specific rain water management NHP MoJS 200 Under 3 key components i.e. water resource monitoring system, water resource information systems and water resource operation and activities, water carrying pipe planning system, activities supported include water resource assessment tools, ground water modelling, digital technology for river NHM MoAFW 2300 community tanks, farm ponds, reservoirs with plastic/RCC lining, basin and investment planning, measurements of stream flow, water harvesting system for individuals, pond, dug wells, tube wells groundwater and water storage, hydro-informatics centres for hydrological modelling, strengthening of India’s water resources PMKSY-AIBP MoJS 1798 Through Long Term focus on faster completion of ongoing Major and information systems and regional /state water resources information Medium Irrigation Irrigation Fund including National Projects systems (LTIF) in NABARD RBM MoJS 200 Mapping river migration zones PMKSY-HKKP MoJS 1050 water bodies restoration, rainwater harvesting structures, groundwater recharge structures, water storage structures, water distribution network, command area development, creation of new water sources through Minor Irrigation (both surface and ground water), Diversion of water from source of different location where it is plenty to nearby water scarce areas, lift irrigation from water bodies/rivers at lower elevation to supplement requirements

RKVY-RAFTAAR MoAFW 3700 community tanks, farm ponds, plastic/RCC lining/water storage Annexure C2: Schemes with supply augmentation and their activities structures on farm, terracing, gully control measures, spill ways, check dams, diversion drains and spurs, protection walls, percolation and minor irrigation tanks

Schemes Ministry/ Budget Activities PMKSY-WDC MoRD 2000 ridge area treatment, drainage line treatment, rain water harvesting, Programme Department FY 2020-21 in-situ moisture conservation, check dams, nalabund, farm ponds, (in crore INR) tanks; Converging with Mahatma Gandhi NREGA for creation of water potential in identified backward rainfed blocks including renovation of Central Schemes traditional water bodies; Effective rainfall management like field ABhY MoJS 200 water harvesting and artificial recharge, surface water harvesting are bunding, contour bunding/trenching, staggered trenching, land key components under which following activities are undertaken: piped levelling, mulching etc. irrigation networks in canal command areas, check dams, percolation Rajasthan tanks & desilting tanks, recharge shafts/wells/ trenches/bunds, rooftop surface water harvesting, stormwater harvesting structures, MJSA DoRD&PR 124 water harvesting structures, groundwater recharge structures, farm farms ponds/farm ditches ponds, ponds, percolation tanks, river channelling, bunds, gabion, tanks, check dams, drain widening, nala bunds, water structure restoration

9006 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Schemes Ministry/ Budget Activities Programme Department FY 2020-21 (in crore INR)

JJM MoJS 11218 dedicated bore well recharge structures, rain water recharge, rejuvenation of existing water bodies, building canals and canal channels, canal networks, functional household taconnections/ drinking water supply

Mahatma MoRD 101500 contour trenches, contour bunds, boulder checks, gabion structure, Gandhi underground dykes, earthen dam, stop dam, farm pond, dug well, NREGA spring shed development activities, renovation of traditional water bodies, de-silting of tanks

MPLADS MoSPI 3960 rain water harvesting structures, boring construction, handpumps, tubewells, water tanks, water tankers, lift irrigation, culverts, rainwater harvesting parks, public groundwater recharging facilities, piped water supply

NFSM MoAFW 2100 community and field ditches linking natural drains, water harvesting structures, ponds, tanks, site specific rain water management activities, water carrying pipe

NHM MoAFW 2300 community tanks, farm ponds, reservoirs with plastic/RCC lining, water harvesting system for individuals, pond, dug wells, tube wells

PMKSY-AIBP MoJS 1798 Through Long Term focus on faster completion of ongoing Major and Medium Irrigation Irrigation Fund including National Projects (LTIF) in NABARD

PMKSY-HKKP MoJS 1050 water bodies restoration, rainwater harvesting structures, groundwater recharge structures, water storage structures, water distribution network, command area development, creation of new water sources through Minor Irrigation (both surface and ground water), Diversion of water from source of different location where it is plenty to nearby water scarce areas, lift irrigation from water bodies/rivers at lower elevation to supplement requirements

RKVY-RAFTAAR MoAFW 3700 community tanks, farm ponds, plastic/RCC lining/water storage structures on farm, terracing, gully control measures, spill ways, check dams, diversion drains and spurs, protection walls, percolation and minor irrigation tanks

9106 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Schemes Ministry/ Budget Activities Programme Department FY 2020-21 (in crore INR

Karnataka

Jalamrutha DoRD&PR 300 check dams, reservoir, small irrigation ponds, bunds, barrage dam, farm ponds, rejuvenation of water bodies, rainwater harvesting

KBS DoA 250 farm ponds, rainwater conservation practices

SGY DoRD&PR 438 irrigation tanks and canals developed/restored, water supply for drinking purposes, check dams

Tamil Nadu

Kudimaramath PWD 300 tank restoration, farm pond, canals, repair/ reconstruction of scheme sluices/wedges, desiltation of canals etc

RHRMP DoAE 120 percolation tanks, check dams, farm ponds, village tanks/ooranies, recharge shaft

MSDA AED 292 Construction of Water Harvesting Structures like Check dams, village ponds, community Ponds, Sunken Ponds, Deepening of Ooranies in the dryland.

TN-IAM WRO, PWD 235 the expected works will include modernization of control structures and GoTN (diversion weirs), supply channels, cross-masonry structures, construction of recharge well structures and strengthening and up gradation of tank bunds, installation of flow measurement, up gradation of distribution systems(OFD), and improvements of irrigation and drainage canals, and introduction of modern quality testing devices to determine soil compaction parameters as well as the modern quality testing devices for meticulously maintaining the specified cover to reinforcement steel in the construction of reinforced concrete structures for their long-term durability

Uttar Pradesh

SGCM DoGW 80 check dams, ponds, peripheral bunds, ground water recharge structures, farm ponds, contour bunds, trenching, gabion, renovation of water bodies

UPWSRP-2 (UP DoIWR 2835 canal renovation, water drainage network for irrigation, restoration work for dam canal system, barrage modernisation, lake restoration for rain Water Sector water harvesting, check dams Restructuring Project-Phase II)

9206 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Annexure C3: Schemes with demand management and their activities

Scheme/ Ministry/ Budget Activities Programme Department FY 2020-21 (in crore INR)

ABhY MoJS 200 Introducing bottom‐up planning of groundwater interventions through community‐led Water Security Plan (WSPs); improving government spending through the planning process; and implementing participatory groundwater management, including both supply and demand side measures.WSP to include: improved irrigation technologies, managing energy‐irrigation nexus, groundwater metering,water‐efficient technologies at community level; crop management and diversification

Mahatma MoRD 101500 construction of canal, distributary & minor: lining of canals; correction of water Gandhi conveyance system, system deficiencies above outlet up to distributaries, community NREGA micro irrigation system

NFSM MoAFW 2100 sprinkler irrigation systems, drip irrigation systems, laser land levelling, mobile rain guns, direct seeded rice

NHM MoAFW 2300 drip irrigation, sprinkler, mulching

PMKSY-PDMC MoAFW 4000 micro sprinklers, mini sprinklers, drip irrigation systems, semi-permanent sprinkler irrigation systems, rain gun, topping up of input cost particularly under civil construction beyond permissible limit (40%), under Mahatma Gandhi NREGA for activities like lining inlet, outlet, silt traps, distribution system

PMKSY-HKKP MoJS 1050 improvement in water management and distribution system , At least 10% of the command area to be covered under micro/precision irrigation.

Rajasthan

MJSA DoRD&PR 124 Micro-irrigation tanks, drip and solar pumps, water budgeting

Karnataka

Jalamrutha DoRD&PR 500 water efficiency through micro irrigation

KBS DoA 250 micro-irrigation

SGY DoRD&PR 438 sprinkler and drip irrigation system

Tamil Nadu

TN-IAM WRO, PWD 235 concrete lining of irrigation channels in a short reach downstream of the irrigation and GoTN sluice, desilting irrigation channels, construction in concrete of a measuring device of cut-throat flume type

Uttar Pradesh

SGCM DoGW 80 drip/ sprinkler systems, field bunding, gully plug

9306 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Annexure C4: Schemes with quality management and their activities

Scheme/ Ministry/ Budget Activities Programme Department FY 2020-21 (in crore INR)

Central Schemes

ABhY MoJS 200 community level groundwater quality monitoring; to planning and monitoring of groundwater quality; Interventions related to groundwater quality will be restricted tomonitoring and dissemination of groundwater quality data; communitylevel groundwater quality monitoring

JJM MoJS 11218 water quality monitoring; treatment, testing, monitoring; Grey water management, water treatment plant (in case, source is quality-affected),Drinking water quality monitoring and water quality

Namami Gange MoJS 800 sewage treatment infrastructure, river-surface cleaning, industrial effluent monitoring, riverfront development activities

NRCP MoJS 1060 Interception and diversion works to capture the raw sewage flowing into the river through open drains and divert them for treatment, Sewage Treatment Plants for treating the diverted sewage, low cost sanitation works to prevent open defecation on riverbanks, Electric Crematoria and Improved Wood Crematoria to conserve the use of wood and help in ensuring proper cremation of bodies brought to the burning ghats, riverfront development works such as improvement of bathing ghats

PMAGY MoSJE 700 safe drinking water supply

SBA-G MoJS 9994 construction of Individual Household Latrines; Community Sanitary Complexes comprising of an appropriate number of toilet seats, bathing cubicles, washing platforms, wash basin; Solid and Liquid Waste Management. Under liquified waste management: For treatment of waste water, the following technologies, inter-alia, may be considered: a. Waste Stabilization Pond technology b. Duckweed based waste water treatment c. Phytorid Technology (developed by NEERI) d. Anaerobic decentralized waste water treatment

9406 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Annexure C5: Schemes with flood management and their activities

Scheme/ Ministry/ Budget Activities Programme Department FY 2020-21 (in crore INR)

Central Schemes

FMBAP MoJS 750 critical flood control, river management and anti-sea erosion works in the entire country would be covered. These works would include the works related to river management, flood control, anti-erosion, drainage development, flood proofing, flood prone area development programme in critical regions, restoration of flood control/ management works damaged due to force majeure like conditions, anti-sea erosion and catchment area treatment.

Mahatma MoRD 101500 flood control and protection works including drainage in water logged areas, Gandhi deepening and repairing of flood channels, chaur renovation, construction of storm Cairns India NREGA water drains for coastal protection; Diversion channel, Peripheral bunding, Drainage in water logged areas, Construction of intermediate and link drains,Spurs and torrent Dalmiabharat control measures, Bio-drainage. Shree Cements MPLADS MoSPI 3960 embankments, early warning systems, community centres, common shelters for cyclones, floods, Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

NFSM MoAFW 2100 flood resistant high yield variety seeds ITC Rural Development Trust

PMFBY MoAFW 15695 crop insurance Hindustan Zinc Limited

RKVY-RAFTAAR MoAFW 3700 flood-tolerant seeds Shree Cements

RBM MoJS 200 upstream dams, floodplain zoning, vegetative measures, flood risk maps AXIS Bank

IndusInd Bank

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

HDFC Foundation

NTPC Limited

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

HDFC Foundation

AXIS Bank

HUL Foundation

Lupin

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

HDFC Foundation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

9506 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Dalmia Bharat

Wipro Ltd

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme

NLC India Limited

TVS groups of Companies

Dalmiabharat

ICICI Bank

AXIS Bank

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd

My Healthskape medicals private limited

Coca-Cola India Foundation

Container Corporation Ltd Annexure C6: Schemes with drought management and their activities

Mahatma MoRD 101500 Horticulture, plantation, nursery, Workshed for livelihood activities, food Scheme/ Ministry/ Budget Activities Gandhi composting structures, infrastructure for grain storage Programme Department FY 2020-21 NREGA liquid bio manure, fish drying yard, (in crore INR) livestock shelter, infra for azola cultivation(fodder), grasslands, bamboo, rubber and coconut plantation, perennial Central Schemes grass plantation(e.g.stylo, vertiver, etc), fodder trough for cattle ABhY MoJS 200 develop climate resilient agricultural practices to drought proof crops, crop diversification (drought & salt resistant crops) NFSM MoAFW 2100 HYV seeds, demonstration of certified Godowns seed production, bio-fertilizers, plant Mahatma MoRD 101500 drought proofing including afforestation and tree plantation protection chemicals, weedicides, bee Gandhi keeping in arhar, city compost, promotion NREGA of arhar on rice bunds, promotion of NFSM MoAFW 2100 drought resistant high yield variety seeds plantation crops on bunds, demonstration kits PMFBY MoAFW 15695 crop insurance Cairns India NHM MoAFW 2300 Nursery, establishment of new gardens, Markets, post-harvest management RKVY-RAFTAAR MoAFW 3700 stress-tolerant varieties mushroom production, beekeeping, facilities, food processing units, tissue Dalmiabharat horticulture mechanization (power tillers), culture units, seed infrastructure like on-farm collection and storage units, drying platform, storage bins, packaging Shree Cements spawn production and compost making unit and related equipment Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd units, construction of green houses, shade net house, plastic mulching, plastic ITC Rural Development Trust tunnels, anti-bird/ hail nets Annexure C7: Schemes having value enhancing component Hindustan Zinc Limited NPSHF MoAFW 315 Promoting use of Integrated Nutrient Soil testing laboratories, Fertilizer Quality and their activities Management organic manuring, soil Control Laboratories Shree Cements amendments (lime/ basic slag) in acidic soils, distribution of micro- nutrients. AXIS Bank

Scheme/ Ministry/ Budget On-farm interventions Non-farm interventions NMAET MoAFW IndusInd Bank Programme Department FY 2020-21 (inside farm) (outside farm) (in crore INR) NMAET SMSP MoAFW 379 Repair, purchase of farm machinery Seed testing labs, equipment for seed Bharat Petroleum Corporation & equipment testing laboratories, renovation of seed Central Schemes testing laboratory, equipment for DNA UtraTech Cements Ltd finger printing / varietal purity-testing ISAM MoAFW 490 Warehouses, godowns, primary processing laboratory, specialised seed health testing HDFC Foundation infrastructure such aa cleaning, cutting, units, seed processing plant, seed de-podding, de-cortication, bleaching, processing machinery/supporting NTPC Limited grading, sorting, packing, labelling, waxing, equipment etc, seed storage godown, Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T) ripening, chilling, pasteurization, construction of building, receiving shed, homogenization, freezing, refrigeration etc., drying platform, etc HDFC Foundation ancillary/supporting infrastructure like parking sheds, internal roads, garbage NMAET SMAE MoAFW 1200 Personnel trained under Agri-Clinics and Agri-Business Centres Scheme (ACABC) AXIS Bank disposal arrangements, boundary walls, and Diploma in Agriculture Extension drinking water etc., market related Services for Input Dealers (DAESI) will HUL Foundation extension, e-trading infrastructure, mobile also provide extension services to the infrastructure for post-harvest operations farmers, mobile based services, Kisan Call Lupin viz. grading, packaging, quality testing etc., Centres (KCCs) etc. will be used and ITC agribusiness ventures convergence brought among extension efforts under different programmes and National Mineral Development schemes at village level through the Corporation Ltd institution of ATMA (Agriculture Technology Management Agency) and Block Technology HDFC Foundation Teams (BTTs). UtraTech Cements Ltd

9606 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Dalmia Bharat

Wipro Ltd

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme

NLC India Limited

TVS groups of Companies

Dalmiabharat

ICICI Bank

AXIS Bank

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd

My Healthskape medicals private limited

Coca-Cola India Foundation

Container Corporation Ltd Scheme/ Ministry/ Budget On-farm interventions Non-farm interventions Programme Department FY 2020-21 (inside farm) (outside farm) (in crore INR)

Mahatma MoRD 101500 Horticulture, plantation, nursery, Workshed for livelihood activities, food Gandhi composting structures, infrastructure for grain storage NREGA liquid bio manure, fish drying yard, livestock shelter, infra for azola cultivation(fodder), grasslands, bamboo, rubber and coconut plantation, perennial grass plantation(e.g.stylo, vertiver, etc), fodder trough for cattle

NFSM MoAFW 2100 HYV seeds, demonstration of certified Godowns seed production, bio-fertilizers, plant protection chemicals, weedicides, bee keeping in arhar, city compost, promotion of arhar on rice bunds, promotion of plantation crops on bunds, demonstration kits Cairns India NHM MoAFW 2300 Nursery, establishment of new gardens, Markets, post-harvest management mushroom production, beekeeping, facilities, food processing units, tissue Dalmiabharat horticulture mechanization (power tillers), culture units, seed infrastructure like on-farm collection and storage units, drying platform, storage bins, packaging Shree Cements spawn production and compost making unit and related equipment Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd units, construction of green houses, shade net house, plastic mulching, plastic ITC Rural Development Trust tunnels, anti-bird/ hail nets Hindustan Zinc Limited NPSHF MoAFW 315 Promoting use of Integrated Nutrient Soil testing laboratories, Fertilizer Quality Management organic manuring, soil Control Laboratories Shree Cements amendments (lime/ basic slag) in acidic soils, distribution of micro- nutrients. AXIS Bank

9706 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Dalmia Bharat

Wipro Ltd

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme

NLC India Limited

TVS groups of Companies

Dalmiabharat

ICICI Bank

AXIS Bank

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd

My Healthskape medicals private limited

Coca-Cola India Foundation

Container Corporation Ltd Scheme/ Ministry/ Budget On-farm interventions Non-farm interventions Programme Department FY 2020-21 (inside farm) (outside farm) (in crore INR)

NMAET SMAM MoAFW 1000 Farm mechanisation through custom hiring, mechanization of selected villages, subsidy for procurement of machines & equipment, farm machinery banks, post-harvest technology distribution and management

NMSA MoAFW

NMSA PKVY MoAFW 500 Model Organic Cluster Demonstrations: Under Model organic farm practices: Conversion of land into organic, organic input production units, organic Integrated Manure Management, Custom fairs, Hiring Centres, Packing, Labelling and Branding of produce

Model Organic Farm practices: Vermi- compost, manure management, bio- Cairns India fertilisers,input distribution to local groups and organic farmers, soil sampling Dalmiabharat for residue testing, biological nitrogen harvesting Shree Cements

NMSA RAD MoAFW 203 Vermicomposts, farm mechanisation inputs Storage/packing/processing units Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd such as seeds, fertilizers, manure, plant nutrients etc, horticulture, livestock, ITC Rural Development Trust fishery, apiculture etc. mushroom, medicinal & aromatic plantation, on farm Hindustan Zinc Limited development such as sillage making, seed Shree Cements bank, seed production, green house, low tunnel polyhouse, lining of ponds/wells AXIS Bank constructed under Mahatma Gandhi NREGA, water lifting devices (solar, electric, diesel) IndusInd Bank Besides, soil test/soil health card based nutrient management practices, farmland Bharat Petroleum Corporation development, resource conservation and crop selection conducive to local agro UtraTech Cements Ltd climatic condition will also be promoted. HDFC Foundation PMKSY-PDMC MoAFW 4000 Fertigation, solar pumps NTPC Limited

PMKSaY MoFPI 1081 Food processing units, cold chains, pack Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T) houses, pre-cooling units, ripening chamber, transport infra, reefer trucks/ HDFC Foundation mobile pre-cooling trucks, deep freezers/ frozen storage, ware houses, site AXIS Bank development, testing laboratories, cleaning grading, sorting and packing facilities, HUL Foundation minimal processing facilities for agri-horti Lupin produce, milk chilling centres, training centres, institutional strengthening, ITC temperature controlled solar powered retail carts National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

HDFC Foundation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

9806 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Dalmia Bharat

Wipro Ltd

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme

NLC India Limited

TVS groups of Companies

Dalmiabharat

ICICI Bank

AXIS Bank

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd

My Healthskape medicals private limited

Coca-Cola India Foundation

Container Corporation Ltd Scheme/ Ministry/ Budget On-farm interventions Non-farm interventions Programme Department FY 2020-21 (inside farm) (outside farm) (in crore INR)

RKVY-RAFTAAR MoAFW 3700 Green house/poly house/shade net house Tissue culture labs/units, soil and pest infrastructures, nurseries, vermi compost testing labs, ATMA infrastructure, units, solar pumps, solar drying, solar establishment/strengthening of energy in green house, distribution of bio-fertiliser production units, seed farm equipment, bio-pesticide, poultry processing facilities and seed storage farms, cattle feed units, dairy assisting godowns, construction/maintenance of equipment, breeding farms, nursery godowns and warehouse, vaccine production unit, milk processing units, cold storage, fish ponds/reservoirs, post harvesting technology units, kisan call centres, infrastructure for azola production, infra for hydroponic fodder, feed processing units, fodder block making

PMKSY-WDC MoRD 2000 Nursery raising, afforestation, horticulture, pasture development, livelihood activities Cairns India

Karnataka Dalmiabharat

Jalamrutha DoRD&PR 500 Afforestation Shree Cements

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd KBS DoA 250 Shadenets, fencing ITC Rural Development Trust SGY DoRD&PR 438 Manure pits, horticulture, dairy farming, Construction of drains, community halls, agro-forestry, sericulture agro-service centres Hindustan Zinc Limited Tamil Nadu Shree Cements

AXIS Bank TN-IAM WRO, PWD 235 Agricultural intensification and Improving alternative livelihood sources and GoTN Diversification: through livestock and inlandaquaculture; IndusInd Bank a) promoting cultivation of short duration, and Marketing, value-addition and high yielding, drought-, pest- and post-harvest management Bharat Petroleum Corporation disease-tolerant crops/varieties of pulses, maize, oilseeds, millets, vegetables and UtraTech Cements Ltd fruits; (b) installation of micro irrigation drip and fertigation systems; and HDFC Foundation (c) promoting water saving agronomic practices like the system of rice NTPC Limited intensification and the sustainable Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T) sugarcane initiative HDFC Foundation Uttar Pradesh AXIS Bank UPWSRP-2 DoIWR 2835 Timely irrigation for improved agriculture, poultry, fisheries HUL Foundation SGCM DoGW 80 Promotion of low water consuming seeds Lupin

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

HDFC Foundation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

9906 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATE-RESILIENTCLIMATE RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Dalmia Bharat

Wipro Ltd

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme

NLC India Limited

TVS groups of Companies

Dalmiabharat

ICICI Bank

AXIS Bank

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd

My Healthskape medicals private limited

Coca-Cola India Foundation

Container Corporation Ltd Annexure C8: Schemes with capacity building component and their activities

PMKVY MoSDE 2726 The Short Term Training imparted Activities at PMKVY Training Centres for Scheme/ Ministry/ Budget school/college dropouts or Programme Department FY 2020-21 For Institutions For Beneficiaries unemployed., training in Soft (in crore INR) Skills, Entrepreneurship, Financial and Digital Literacy; individuals Central Schemes with prior learning experience or ABhY MoJS 200 Activities will include building Farmer field schools, training skills shall be assessed and institutional capacity at the community for self-governance and certified under the Recognition central and state levels by regulation of Prior Learning component of adequate training provision. At the Scheme; facilitate trainings in the local level, the GPs will be special areas and/or premises trained in technical matters of Government bodies, Corporates related to participatory or Industry bodies, and trainings groundwater management. in special job roles not defined Cairns India under the available Qualification Dalmiabharat JJM MoJS 11218 Training to project team, Capacity building for masons, pump Packs/National Occupational Standards organizing workshops/ seminars/ operators, plumbers, electricians, motor Shree Cements symposia, exposure visits, support mechanics, etc. for construction and to village level institutional operation &monitoring PMKSY-AIBP MoJS 1798 Training trails, demonstrations, resources Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd arrangement, water testing laboratories ITC Rural Development Trust PMKSY-PDMC MoAFW 4000 Extension activities and training Training of beneficiaries for system Mahatma MoRD 101500 Training of field staff at the for promotion of scientific moisture operation Hindustan Zinc Limited Gandhi block, cluster and GP; classroom conservation and agronomic Shree Cements NREGA training to contractual/ field staff measures, campaigns, workshops, conferences by the regular & senior field staff AXIS Bank RGSA MoPR 857 Capacity building of PRIs i NFSM MoAFW 2100 Orientation training progs for Farmer fairs and exhibitions, orientation IndusInd Bank functionaries, supervisors and training progs for farmers, demonstration ncluding Trainings/workshops, officers of farm machine technology and administrative and technical Bharat Petroleum Corporation marketing infrastructure support including e-enablement of GPs, and GP buildings; E-enablement UtraTech Cements Ltd NHM MoAFW 2300 Exposure visits and training to Training programme for farmers of PRIs for citizen centric service field functionaries and technical delivery and governance in HDFC Foundation staff, training programme for Panchayats; Develop governance NTPC Limited supervisors, entrepreneurs capabilities of PRIs to deliver on the SDGs. Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T) NHP MoJS 200 Institutional capacity enhancement, • Enhance capabilities of customized training, workshops Panchayats for inclusive local HDFC Foundation for knowledge exchange and governance with focus on optimum professional networking; centres utilization of available resources AXIS Bank of excellence (national as well and convergence with other as regional): schemes to address issues of HUL Foundation national importance. (i) water resources knowledge centres, Lupin (ii) professional development, • Enhance capabilities of Panchayats (iii) project management, and to raise their own sources of revenue. ITC (iv) operational support • Strengthen Gram Sabhas to function National Mineral Development effectively as the basic forum of Corporation Ltd people’s participation, transparency and accountability within the HDFC Foundation Panchayat system. UtraTech Cements Ltd

10006 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENT RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Dalmia Bharat

Wipro Ltd

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme

NLC India Limited

TVS groups of Companies

Dalmiabharat

ICICI Bank

AXIS Bank

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd

My Healthskape medicals private limited

Coca-Cola India Foundation

Container Corporation Ltd Activities Scheme/ Ministry/ Budget Programme Department FY 2020-21 For Institutions For Beneficiaries (in crore INR)

PMKVY MoSDE 2726 The Short Term Training imparted at PMKVY Training Centres for Scheme/ Ministry/ Budget school/college dropouts or Programme Department FY 2020-21 unemployed., training in Soft (in crore INR) Skills, Entrepreneurship, Financial and Digital Literacy; individuals Central Schemes with prior learning experience or ABhY MoJS 200 Activities will include building Farmer field schools, training skills shall be assessed and institutional capacity at the community for self-governance and certified under the Recognition central and state levels by regulation of Prior Learning component of adequate training provision. At the Scheme; facilitate trainings in the local level, the GPs will be special areas and/or premises trained in technical matters of Government bodies, Corporates related to participatory or Industry bodies, and trainings groundwater management. in special job roles not defined Cairns India under the available Qualification Dalmiabharat JJM MoJS 11218 Training to project team, Capacity building for masons, pump Packs/National Occupational Standards organizing workshops/ seminars/ operators, plumbers, electricians, motor Shree Cements symposia, exposure visits, support mechanics, etc. for construction and PMKSY-AIBP MoJS 1798 Training trails, demonstrations, resources to village level institutional operation &monitoring Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd arrangement, water testing laboratories ITC Rural Development Trust PMKSY-PDMC MoAFW 4000 Extension activities and training Training of beneficiaries for system Mahatma MoRD 101500 Training of field staff at the for promotion of scientific moisture operation Hindustan Zinc Limited Gandhi block, cluster and GP; classroom conservation and agronomic Shree Cements NREGA training to contractual/ field staff measures, campaigns, workshops, conferences by the regular & senior field staff AXIS Bank RGSA MoPR 857 Capacity building of PRIs i NFSM MoAFW 2100 Orientation training progs for Farmer fairs and exhibitions, orientation IndusInd Bank functionaries, supervisors and training progs for farmers, demonstration ncluding Trainings/workshops, officers of farm machine technology and administrative and technical Bharat Petroleum Corporation marketing infrastructure support including e-enablement of GPs, and GP buildings; E-enablement UtraTech Cements Ltd NHM MoAFW 2300 Exposure visits and training to Training programme for farmers of PRIs for citizen centric service field functionaries and technical delivery and governance in HDFC Foundation staff, training programme for Panchayats; Develop governance NTPC Limited supervisors, entrepreneurs capabilities of PRIs to deliver on the SDGs. Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T) NHP MoJS 200 Institutional capacity enhancement, • Enhance capabilities of customized training, workshops Panchayats for inclusive local HDFC Foundation for knowledge exchange and governance with focus on optimum professional networking; centres utilization of available resources AXIS Bank of excellence (national as well and convergence with other as regional): schemes to address issues of HUL Foundation national importance. (i) water resources knowledge centres, Lupin (ii) professional development, • Enhance capabilities of Panchayats (iii) project management, and to raise their own sources of revenue. ITC (iv) operational support • Strengthen Gram Sabhas to function National Mineral Development effectively as the basic forum of Corporation Ltd people’s participation, transparency and accountability within the HDFC Foundation Panchayat system. UtraTech Cements Ltd

10106 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENT RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Dalmia Bharat

Wipro Ltd

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme

NLC India Limited

TVS groups of Companies

Dalmiabharat

ICICI Bank

AXIS Bank

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd

My Healthskape medicals private limited

Coca-Cola India Foundation

Container Corporation Ltd Activities Scheme/ Ministry/ Budget Programme Department FY 2020-21 For Institutions For Beneficiaries (in crore INR)

RKVY-RAFTAAR MoAFW 3700 Skill development workshops, Training and demonstration media publicity for promotion of skill development, handholding support, training and skill development to KVKs, state institutions PMKSY-WDC MoRD 2000 Training, trials, demonstrations, micro enterprises for small and marginal farmers Rajasthan MJSA DoRD&PR 124 Workshop and training to district officers and other stakeholders Madhya Pradesh KTY DoA 17 Exposure visits and training for progressive farmers Cairns India Karnataka Dalmiabharat Jalamrutha DoRD&PR 500 Awareness campaign SGY DoRD&PR 438 Trainings on vermicomposting, dairy Shree Cements management, goat and sheep rearing and non-agricultural activities, Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd Tamil Nadu ITC Rural Development Trust TN-IAM WRO, PWD 235 Strengthening WRD and related Communication Training and Capacity and GoTN agencies forwater resources Building: Trainings and capacity building Hindustan Zinc Limited management, including the State activities will be organized for 96,600 Water Resources Management farmers; 78,000 farmers will be trained in Shree Cements Agency (SWaRMA), Institute for the latest crop production technologies Water Studies (IWS) and State and 900 farmers will be involved in AXIS Bank Ground Water and Surface Water exposure visits to other states and Data Center (SG&SWRDC), this will countries IndusInd Bank include technical assistance equipment, services and institutional Bharat Petroleum Corporation infra-structure to support data collection and analysis, building a UtraTech Cements Ltd modernknowledge base development of modern ICT enabled knowledge HDFC Foundation products and services,training, policy analysis and partnerships NTPC Limited to support awareness building, institutional synergyand decision Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T) support (i) Mainstreaming of Participatory HDFC Foundation irrigation management approach within WRD AXIS Bank

(ii) Establishing new WUAs under HUL Foundation TNIAM and strengthening their capacities Lupin (iii) Existing WUAs to undergo intensive training on asset ITC maintenance, operation and management of canals within National Mineral Development their command areas Corporation Ltd Uttar Pradesh HDFC Foundation UPWSRP-2 DoIWR 2835 Awareness campaign, demonstration/ training at field level to improve UtraTech Cements Ltd agricultural productivity SGCM DoGW 80 Oriental workshops

10206 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENT RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Dalmia Bharat

Wipro Ltd

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme

NLC India Limited

TVS groups of Companies

Dalmiabharat

ICICI Bank

AXIS Bank

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd

My Healthskape medicals private limited

Coca-Cola India Foundation

Container Corporation Ltd ANNEXURE D

Agencies undertaking water resource assessment

Agencies Ministry Activities Budget FY 2020-21 (in crore INR)

Central Ground Water MoJS Exploration and assessment of groundwater resources, 245 Board (CGWB) monitoring of groundwater, policy guidelines on planning and management

Central Water MoJS Surface water (rivers) data collection, survey and 411 Commission (CWC) investigation, hydrological observations and studies, maintenance of flood forecasting, warning centres Cairns India

National Institute of MoJS Hydrological modelling and forecasting 25 Dalmiabharat Hydrology (NIH) Shree Cements

India Meteorological MoES Meteorological observations stations and forecasting 443 Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd Department (IMD) sector-specific weather forecasts ITC Rural Development Trust Indian Space Research MoES National natural resource management, satellite mapping 194 Organisation (ISRO) of resources, disaster management support Hindustan Zinc Limited

Shree Cements

AXIS Bank

IndusInd Bank

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

HDFC Foundation

NTPC Limited

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

HDFC Foundation

AXIS Bank

HUL Foundation

Lupin

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

HDFC Foundation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

10306 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENT RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Dalmia Bharat

Wipro Ltd

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme

NLC India Limited

TVS groups of Companies

Dalmiabharat

ICICI Bank

AXIS Bank

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd

My Healthskape medicals private limited

Coca-Cola India Foundation

Container Corporation Ltd ANNEXURE E

List of Potential Private Sector Partnership having synergy with CRWM

Project Private CRWM Components Overall States Companies CSR Budget Water Management Water risk Value Capacity (in crore INR) (Supply, demand, management enhancing Building FY 2019-20 assessment) (floods or activities drought)

Cairns India  NA

Dalmiabharat  2

Shree Cements  30

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd    14

ITC Rural Development Trust     339 Hindustan Zinc Limited  221

Shree Cements  30

AXIS Bank   84 Rajasthan IndusInd Bank  99

Bharat Petroleum Corporation    218

UtraTech Cements Ltd     71

HDFC Foundation   261

NTPC Limited  247

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)   155

HDFC Foundation   261

AXIS Bank   84

HUL Foundation   148

Lupin  55

ITC     339 Madhya Pradesh  National Mineral Development  167 Corporation Ltd

HDFC Foundation   261

UtraTech Cements Ltd     71 Karnataka

10406 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENT RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Dalmia Bharat

Wipro Ltd

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme

NLC India Limited

TVS groups of Companies

Dalmiabharat

ICICI Bank

AXIS Bank

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd

My Healthskape medicals private limited

Coca-Cola India Foundation

Container Corporation Ltd Cairns India

Dalmiabharat

Shree Cements

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

ITC Rural Development Trust

Hindustan Zinc Limited

Shree Cements

AXIS Bank

IndusInd Bank

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

HDFC Foundation

NTPC Limited

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

HDFC Foundation

AXIS Bank

HUL Foundation

Lupin

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

HDFC Foundation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

Bharat Petroleum Corporation    218

Dalmia Bharat  2

Wipro Ltd  185 

Karnataka ITC    339

National Mineral Development   167 Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)  627

Bharat Petroleum Corporation    218

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme     339

NLC India Limited  52

TVS groups of Companies 2 Dalmiabharat  Tamil Nadu Tamil 150 ICICI Bank 

AXIS Bank   84

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)   155

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd  184

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd    14

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd  6

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd  NA

My Healthskape medicals private limited   NA

Uttar Pradesh 17 Coca-Cola India Foundation   37 Container Corporation Ltd  

10506 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENT RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Cairns India

Dalmiabharat

Shree Cements

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

ITC Rural Development Trust

Hindustan Zinc Limited

Shree Cements

AXIS Bank

IndusInd Bank

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

HDFC Foundation

NTPC Limited

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

HDFC Foundation

AXIS Bank

HUL Foundation

Lupin

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

HDFC Foundation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

ANNEXURE F

14. International Provides public development and climate finance to implement SDGs and Paris Agreement agendas; Small Development Finance Industries Development Bank of India (India) (IDFC member) finances domestic projects on green finance International and National Funding Agencies working on Club and micro, small and medium enterprises Bharat Petroleum Corporation 15. Bill and Melinda Working in Bihar and UP across four sectors viz, health, sanitation, agricultural development and financial CRWM related projects in India Gates Foundation services for the poor Dalmia Bharat 16. Watershed Development Participatory watershed development programme in 18 states and Union Territories namely Andhra Wipro Ltd fund (NABARD) Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, S.No. Organisation/ Key projects in India ITC Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Funding Agencies Uttarakhand and West Bengal. National Mineral Development 1. World Bank Karnataka Watershed Development Project, National Ganga River Basin Project, Climate Change & 17. Watershed Development Climate Proofing of Watershed Development Projects in the States of Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu Corporation Ltd (IDB, IRDA, IFC, MIGA, ICSID) Livelihoods projects, Funding for Atal Bhujal Yojana, National Hydrology Project etc. fund-Climate Proofing Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC) 2. Asian Development Bank Karnataka Integrated and Sustainable Water Resources Management Investment Programme, Karnataka (NABARD) Integrated Urban Water Management Investment Programme-Tranche 2, Tamil Nadu Urban Flagship Bharat Petroleum Corporation 18. Rural Infrastructure Supports projects on Agriculture, irrigation and allied sectors (44%), Social sector (17%), Rural roads and Investment Programme, Madhya Pradesh Irrigation Efficiency Improvement Project, Karnataka Integrated and development fund bridges (39%) Sustainable Water Resources Management Investment Programme - Tranche 2, Climate Adaptation in ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme (NABARD) Vennar Sub-basin in Cauvery Delta Project - Tamil Nadu NLC India Limited 19. National Adaptation Conserve water through the management of run-off in the river basin to reduce vulnerability and enhance 3. European Investment Bank South Asia Growth Fund on water and sanitation, energy, climate change adaption and mitigation etc. fund for climate change resilience for traditional livelihood in Nuapada, Odisha; Increasing Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change TVS groups of Companies 4. Asian Infrastructure West Bengal Minor Irrigation & Flood Management Project, Andhra Pradesh Urban Water Supply & Septage through Development of Climate-Smart Villages in Select Vulnerable Districts of Madhya Pradesh; Climate Investment Bank Management Improvement Project proofing of rainfed watersheds in Salem and Virudhunagar districts of Tamil Nadu Dalmiabharat 5. Swiss Agency for Indian Himalayas Climate Adaptation Programme, Capacity Building for Low Carbon and Climate Resilient ICICI Bank Development and City Development in India (CapaCITIES) Cooperation (SDC) AXIS Bank 6. Green Climate Fund Project on groundwater recharge and solar micro irrigation to enhance resilience and ensure food security Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T) in Odisha; climate resilience of coastal communities

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd 7. Adaptation Fund under Programmes: Building Adaptive Capacities of Small Inland Fishermen Community for Climate Resilience United Nations Framework and Livelihood Security, Madhya Pradesh, India; Climate smart actions and strategies in north western Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd Convention on Climate Himalayan region for sustainable livelihoods of agriculture-dependent hill communities Jubilant Foodworks Ltd Change (UNFCCC) 8. International fund Projects focusing Watershed development, livelihood improvements, drought mitigation and climate Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd for agricultural resilient upland farming systems My Healthskape medicals private limited development

Coca-Cola India Foundation 9. International Support to institutionalising capacity building and Climate Change in India (I-CCC); also focuses on Climate Initiative sustainable energy supply/renewable energy sector Container Corporation Ltd 10. US Aid Partnership for water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) to create healthier urban communities by increasing access to clean water and sanitation

11. Australian Centre for Government of India and ACIAR cooperation across water management expertise, science, technology and International Agriculture agriculture Research

12. Japan International Ganga Action Plan Project (Varanasi), Jharkhand Horticulture Intensification by Micro Drip Irrigation Cooperation Agency Project, Rajasthan Rural Water Supply and Fluorosis Mitigation Project (Nagaur), Delhi Water Supply (JICA) Improvement Project

13. OECD Development Facilitates collaborative efforts in improving water management, energy efficiency through common Centre's Network of understanding, solutions (policy focused review and solutions)and well aligned incentives Foundations Working for Development (netFWD)

10606 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENT RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Cairns India

Dalmiabharat

Shree Cements

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

ITC Rural Development Trust

Hindustan Zinc Limited

Shree Cements

AXIS Bank

IndusInd Bank

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

HDFC Foundation

NTPC Limited

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

HDFC Foundation

AXIS Bank

HUL Foundation

Lupin

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

HDFC Foundation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

S.No. Organisation/ Key projects in India Funding Agencies

Bharat Petroleum Corporation 15. Bill and Melinda Working in Bihar and UP across four sectors viz, health, sanitation, agricultural development and financial Gates Foundation services for the poor Dalmia Bharat 16. Watershed Development Participatory watershed development programme in 18 states and Union Territories namely Andhra Wipro Ltd fund (NABARD) Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, S.No. Organisation/ Key projects in India ITC Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Funding Agencies Uttarakhand and West Bengal. National Mineral Development 1. World Bank Karnataka Watershed Development Project, National Ganga River Basin Project, Climate Change & 17. Watershed Development Climate Proofing of Watershed Development Projects in the States of Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu Corporation Ltd (IDB, IRDA, IFC, MIGA, ICSID) Livelihoods projects, Funding for Atal Bhujal Yojana, National Hydrology Project etc. fund-Climate Proofing Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC) 2. Asian Development Bank Karnataka Integrated and Sustainable Water Resources Management Investment Programme, Karnataka (NABARD) Integrated Urban Water Management Investment Programme-Tranche 2, Tamil Nadu Urban Flagship Bharat Petroleum Corporation 18. Rural Infrastructure Supports projects on Agriculture, irrigation and allied sectors (44%), Social sector (17%), Rural roads and Investment Programme, Madhya Pradesh Irrigation Efficiency Improvement Project, Karnataka Integrated and development fund bridges (39%) Sustainable Water Resources Management Investment Programme - Tranche 2, Climate Adaptation in ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme (NABARD) Vennar Sub-basin in Cauvery Delta Project - Tamil Nadu NLC India Limited 19. National Adaptation Conserve water through the management of run-off in the river basin to reduce vulnerability and enhance 3. European Investment Bank South Asia Growth Fund on water and sanitation, energy, climate change adaption and mitigation etc. fund for climate change resilience for traditional livelihood in Nuapada, Odisha; Increasing Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change TVS groups of Companies 4. Asian Infrastructure West Bengal Minor Irrigation & Flood Management Project, Andhra Pradesh Urban Water Supply & Septage through Development of Climate-Smart Villages in Select Vulnerable Districts of Madhya Pradesh; Climate Investment Bank Management Improvement Project proofing of rainfed watersheds in Salem and Virudhunagar districts of Tamil Nadu Dalmiabharat 5. Swiss Agency for Indian Himalayas Climate Adaptation Programme, Capacity Building for Low Carbon and Climate Resilient ICICI Bank Development and City Development in India (CapaCITIES) Cooperation (SDC) AXIS Bank 6. Green Climate Fund Project on groundwater recharge and solar micro irrigation to enhance resilience and ensure food security Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T) in Odisha; climate resilience of coastal communities

11. Australian Centre for Government of India and ACIAR cooperation across water management expertise, science, technology and International Agriculture agriculture Research

10706 // CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE ANDAND CO-FINANCINGCO-FINANCING OPPORTUNITIESOPPORTUNITIES FORFOR CLIMATECLIMATE-RESILIENT RESILIENT WATERWATER MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT Cairns India

Dalmiabharat

Shree Cements

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

ITC Rural Development Trust

Hindustan Zinc Limited

Shree Cements

AXIS Bank

IndusInd Bank

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

HDFC Foundation

NTPC Limited

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

HDFC Foundation

AXIS Bank

HUL Foundation

Lupin

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

HDFC Foundation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Dalmia Bharat

Wipro Ltd

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme

NLC India Limited

TVS groups of Companies

Dalmiabharat

ICICI Bank

AXIS Bank

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd

My Healthskape medicals private limited

Coca-Cola India Foundation

Container Corporation Ltd Cairns India

Dalmiabharat

Shree Cements

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

ITC Rural Development Trust

Hindustan Zinc Limited

Shree Cements

AXIS Bank

IndusInd Bank

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

HDFC Foundation

NTPC Limited

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

HDFC Foundation

AXIS Bank

HUL Foundation

Lupin

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

HDFC Foundation

UtraTech Cements Ltd

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Dalmia Bharat

Wipro Ltd

ITC

National Mineral Development Corporation Ltd

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd (ONGC)

Bharat Petroleum Corporation

ITC Limited- Integrated water shed programme

NLC India Limited

TVS groups of Companies

Dalmiabharat

ICICI Bank

AXIS Bank

Larsen & Toubro Ltd (L&T)

Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd

Chambal Fertilizers and Chemicals Ltd

Jubilant Foodworks Ltd

Standard Chartered Finance Pvt Ltd

My Healthskape medicals private limited

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