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Download This PDF File The Ohio Journal of Volume 120 No. 1 April Program Abstracts SCIENCEOPEN ACCESS • ONLINE • INTERNATIONAL • MULTIDISCIPLINARY Special Notice The 129th Annual Meeting of The Ohio Academy of Science, described herein, was not held due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, all abstracts were peer- reviewed and constitute valid scientific publications. The online version of this publication is available at https://doi.org/10.18061/ojs.v120i1.7574 . The Ohio Journal of SCIENCE ISSN: 0030-0950 (print) | ISSN: 2471-9390 (online) Open Access online EDITORIAL POLICY General The Ohio Journal of Science (OJS) has published peer-reviewed, Please contact the editor directly for general questions regarding original contributions to science, education, engineering, and content or appropriateness of submissions: technology since 1900. The OJS encourages submission of manuscripts relevant to Ohio, but readily considers all submissions Dr. Lynn E. Elfner, Editor—Email: [email protected] that advance the mission of The Ohio Academy of Science: To foster curiosity, discovery, innovation, and problem-solving skills in Ohio. Indexing The Academy produces two issues annually: peer-reviewed April The Ohio Journal of Science is indexed by: Program Abstracts (Issue No. 1) and peer-reviewed full papers Academic OneFile | Biological Abstracts/BIOSIS Previews in December (Issue No. 2). The Ohio State University Libraries CAB Abstracts | EBSCOhost Databases | Google Scholar publishes both issues Open Access online on behalf of The Ohio Knowledge Bank (The Ohio State University Libraries) Academy of Science. The Academy distributes a print version of ProQuest Databases | SciFinder Scholar | Zoological Record the April Program Abstracts at the annual meeting. Peer-reviewed articles are published as accepted throughout the year and compiled at year end into a single online volume. Because the OJS FUTURE ACADEMY MEETINGS is an international multidisciplinary journal, authors should write The 130th Annual Meeting of The Ohio Academy of Science, clearly and concisely, avoid excessive jargon, and include sufficient April 24, 2021, hosted by Edison State Community College, explanation of underlying concepts to assure broad understanding Piqua, Ohio of the work by those in different fields than the author. International Exposure The OJS considers original contributions from members and During the past decade OJS online articles were accessed non-members of the Academy in all fields of science, technology, more than 4,793,609 times by researchers in more than 150 engineering, mathematics, and education. Submission of a countries at an average rate of more than 1,300 per day. manuscript is understood to mean that the work is original and The OJS is now an Open Access online journal. unpublished, and is not being considered for publication elsewhere. According to the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), All manuscripts considered for publication will be peer-reviewed. https://doaj.org/about , as of 01 April 2020 the number of Any opinions expressed by reviewers are their own, and do not Open Access journals has grown from 300 in 2003 to 14,451 represent the views of The Ohio Academy of Science or the OJS. today—with the number of accessible articles (in excess of 4.76 million, globally) climbing by the hour. Page Charges Publication in The Ohio Journal of Science requires authors to Fully Keyword-Searchable Archives assist in meeting distribution expenses. These costs will be assessed The Ohio State University Libraries archive fully at $50 per page for nonmembers. Members of the Academy do keyword-searchable issues of the OJS from November 1900 not pay page charges to publish in The Ohio Journal of Science. through 2014 here: https://kb.osu.edu/handle/1811/686 In multi-authored papers, the first author must be a member of the Academy at the time of publication to be eligible for the reduced The Libraries’ Online Journal Systems archives issues member rate. Papers that exceed 12 printed pages may be charged from 2014 through February 2020 here: full production costs. https://ohiojournalofscience.org/issue/archive How to Submit a Manuscript This year’s articles appear here: Go to https://ohiojournalofscience.org to peruse recent https://ohiojournalofscience.org/issue/view/244 issues of The Ohio Journal of Science. Read the "Information for Authors" linked there. Register at that site and upload your manuscript and illustrations. Date of Issue—April 2020 For technical questions about electronic formats or other Printing courtesy of: details for submission, contact: The Ohio Academy of Science 5930 Wilcox Pl., Suite F, Dublin OH 43016 Phone: 614-389-2182 • Fax: 614-389-2470 Email: [email protected] • https://www.ohiosci.org TheOhio Journal of Science AN OPEN ACCESS, ONLINE, INTERNATIONAL, MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL Volume 120 April 2020 Number 1 https://doi.org/10.18061/ojs.v120i1.7574 Special Notice The 129th Annual Meeting of The Ohio Academy of Science, described herein, was not held due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, all abstracts were peer-reviewed and constitute valid scientific publications. The Ohio Journal of Science CONTENTS Dr. Lynn E. Elfner, Editor 129th Annual Meeting Copyediting and design by The Ohio Academy of Science Mr. Philip Winchell, STEM Education Support Services. Hosted by Assisted by Mrs. Dorie Gruber. Cleveland State University Manuscript submission guidelines: April 18, 2020 https://ohiojournalofscience.org 2 About the Annual Meeting For technical questions about electronic formats or other submission details: Phone: 614-389-2182 • Fax: 614-389-2470 2 Registration Email: [email protected] 2 Driving and Parking Instructions 2 Meals The Ohio Academy of Science 3 General Schedule Executive Director – Michael Woytek 3 Annual Business Meeting for the Membership OFFICERS 3 Our Institutional Host President – Vicki A. Motz, PhD 4 Notes page President-Elect – Rodney Sheets Past President – Kerry Cheesman, PhD 5 Brief Schedule of Abstracts Secretary – Angela McMurry Treasurer – Pete Harlan 5 Abstracts of Podium Session 1 Jr. Academy Council Director – Martin English, DVM 7 Abstracts of Podium Session 2 8 Abstracts of Podium Session 3 The Ohio Journal of Science has published 10 Abstracts of Podium Session 4, Part 1 peer-reviewed, original contributions to science, education, engineering, 11 Abstracts of Podium Session 4, Part 2 and technology since 1900. The Ohio Academy of Science produces two 12 Abstracts of Pre-college Student Poster Sessions issues annually: (1) peer-reviewed April Program Abstracts distributed digitally 22 Abstracts of College and Professional Poster Sessions and in print at the annual meeting; (2) peer-reviewed articles published 29 Index to Fields of Interest of Abstracts as accepted throughout the year and 29 Index to First Authors of Abstracts compiled annually into a single, digital volume. The Ohio State University 30 Cleveland State University Campus Map Libraries publish both issues Open Access online on behalf of The Ohio Academy of 32 State Science Day Alumni Association Announcement Science, 5930 Wilcox Pl., Suite F, Dublin OH 43016. https://www.ohiosci.org FRONT COVER PHOTO: The CSU Student Center is the centerpiece of CSU’s $500 million campus makeover. The building is one of the final design projects by Professional membership: $75. the late Charles Gwathmey, award-winning New York architect and is three-stories with a predominately glass exterior, a multi-level atrium and a central public forum. Printed in The United States of America. Photo and text courtesy of Cleveland State University. https://www.csuohio.edu . A-2 THE OHIO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE VOL. 120(1) The Ohio Academy MEETING LOCATION Most Ohio Academy of Science events take place of Science on the 3th floor of the Student Center (SC), 2121 129th Annual Meeting Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115-2214. Two podium venues are located in the connected Berk- man Hall (BH). The Student Center is in the center Hosted by Cleveland State University of the campus, immediately south of Rhodes Tower. Cleveland, OH 44115 DRIVING INSTRUCTIONS TO CAMPUS April 18, 2020 The main address for the Cleveland State University is ABOUT THE ANNUAL MEETING 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44115-2214. Phone: 216-687-2000. The Ohio Academy of Science’s Annual Meeting is for academic, governmental, and industry scientists Driving instructions are at and engineers; university and pre-college educators; https://www.csuohio.edu/about-csu/directions pre-college, undergraduate, and graduate students; and interested lay citizens in the Ohio region. PARKING ON CAMPUS WELCOME! Preferred parking is at the South Garage (SG), 2101 E. 21st St., located two blocks south of the Student Cleveland State University welcomes you to the 129th Center (SC). A campus map is on page 30 and 31 of Annual Meeting of The Ohio Academy of Science. this issue and online at We invite you to explore our campus and to share in https://www.csuohio.edu/sites/default/files/media/ the excitement and opportunities provided in this about_csu/documents/campusmap.pdf program. MEALS REGISTRATION Saturday, April 18th – Box lunches may be pre- Registration is required for all meeting attendees and ordered with registration for $35.00 and will be is included in the abstract submission fee. Register available for pick-up at noon on the 3th floor of the online at: Student Center (SC). https://www.ohiosci.org/annual-meeting-registration . On-site registration will be available. Box lunches must be ordered by April 1, 2020. https:// www.memberleap.com/members/evr/regmenu. The Ohio Academy of Science must receive registration php?orgcode=OAS . by April 1, 2020. Access to sessions is by name tag only. Name tag, information, and receipt will be available at the meeting. Registration is by credit card on-line at https:// www.memberleap.com/members/evr/regmenu. php?orgcode=OAS . For further information, please call 614-389-2182. Saturday, April 18: Registration at the Student Center The Ohio Academy of Science (SC) on the 3th floor.
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