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OECDOECD WorkshopWorkshop onon FosteringFostering DevelopmentDevelopment throughthrough Entrepreneurship,Entrepreneurship, ClusterCluster andand LocalLocal InitiativesInitiatives SEBRAESEBRAE /Rio/Rio dede JaneiroJaneiro AlvaroAlvaro Albuquerque Albuquerque Jr.Jr. HeadHead ofof InternationalInternational RelationsRelations SantoSanto Domingo,Domingo, AprilApril 2929thth,, 20052005 1 BrazilianBrazilian MicroMicro andand SmallSmall EnterprisesEnterprises BureauBureau -- SEBRAE SEBRAE MISSION FOSTER COMPETITIVENESS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AMONG MICRO AND SMALL ENTREPRISES 2 1 THETHE SEBRAESEBRAE SYSTEMSYSTEM STRATEGIC PRIORITIES 1. Reduce and rationalize tax burdens and bureaucracy. 2. Foster the expansion and universalization of credit and capitalization 3. Promote entrepreneurial capacity-building and cooperation. 4. Promote access to technology and enhance innovation capacity. 5. Enhance market access, national and international. 6. First and foremost, perform collective actions focused on local productive arrangements through integrated solutions. 7. Enhance the structure, operating procedures and in-house management of the whole SEBRAE System. 3 THETHE SEBRAESEBRAE SYSTEMSYSTEM SEBRAE is organized as a SYSTEM, consisting of one coordinating central unit and 27 related units located in each States of Brazil, plus the Federal District, operating with full administrative autonomy. iro ne Ja de o Ri 4 2 RIORIO DEDE JANEIROJANEIRO STATESTATE TERRITORY ECONOMIC DATA & INDICATORS 43,910 Km2 ES 0.52% of Brazil MG POPULATION 14,367,000 inhabitants, distributed as follows: 96% in the urban area and RJRJ 4% in the rural area SP Representing 8.47% of the total population of Brazil an Oce GDP ntic Atla R$ 216 Billion 15.29% of the National GDP 5 MICROMICRO ANDRIOANDRIO SMALLDESMALLDE JANEIROJANEIRO ENTERPRISESENTERPRISES STATESTATE ININ BRAZILBRAZIL NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES: Micro Small Industry: Up to 19 employees 20 - 99 employees Commerce: Up to 09 10 - 49 Services: Up to 09 10 - 49 YEARLY NET INCOME : Micro: equal / inferior to US$169,000.00 Small: equal / inferior US$833,000.00 6 3 FORMALFORMAL MICROMICRO ANDAND SMALLSMALL ENTERPRISESENTERPRISES In 2003, micro and small enterprises reached 6 million in Brazil, standing out for 99% of total of formal enterprises. Number of Enterprises Industry Commerce Services Agro. Total % Micro 689.507 2.624.309 2.163.360 298.523 5.775.699 94,5% Small 44.415 102.439 117.242 16.194 280.290 4,6% Medium 9.289 6.618 14.472 1.415 31.794 0,5% Large 1.530 3.394 19.065 985 24.974 0,4% TOTAL 744.741 2.736.760 2.314.139 317.117 6.112.757 100% 7 THETHE IMPORTANCEIMPORTANCE OFOF MICROMICRO ANDAND SMALLSMALL ENTERPRISESENTERPRISES ININ THETHE BRAZILIANBRAZILIAN ECONOMYECONOMY EXPORTS Micro & Small Medium Large TOTAL Enterprises Enterprises Enterprises Value 73,084 1,736 5,844 65,401 2003 % Share 100 2.4 8 39.5 Quantity 19,796 9,479 5,649 4,208 % Share 100 47.9 28.5 21.3 FONTE: SISCOMEX e RAIS US$ million In 2003, from the total 19,796 enterprises that exported 47.9% of total exports, 9,749 were micro and small enterprises. The second group shows medium-sized enterprises with a share amounting to 28.5%, and covers the volumes exported by 5,649 enterprises. 8 4 SEBRAESEBRAE –– RIO RIO DEDE JANEIROJANEIRO STATESTATE Located throughout the State of Rio de Janeiro, SEBRAE/RJ operates supported by Regional Development Agencies, and the SEBRAE Offices Varre-Sai ESPÍRITO SANTO and Mobile Units that cover 92 state Porciúncula Natividade municipalities Bom Jesus do Itabapoa na Laje do Itaperuna Muriaé State Total: 61 service units São José de Ubá São Francisco Miracem a Italva de Itabapoana Cambuci Santo Antônio Cardoso Moreira de Pádua Aperibé São Fidélis Itaocara São João da Barra MINAS GERAIS Cantagalo Campos dos Goytacazes São Sebastião Carmo do Alto Santa Maria Madalena Macuco Com. Levy Gasparian Sapucaia Cordeiro Duas Barras Trajano de Morais Três Rios Sumidouro Conceição Quissamã Rio das Flores de Macabu Paraíba do Sul São José do Vale do Rio Preto Bom Jardim Valença Areal Carapebus Teresópolis Nova Friburgo Macaé Paty do Alferes Vassouras Petrópolis Barra do Piraí Real Volta Cachoeiras de Macacu Rio das Ostras Redonda Eng.PauloMiguel Pereira de Frontin Casimiro de Abreu Barra Mansa Pinheiral Mendes Guapimirim Silva Jardim Piraí Duque de Magé Paracambi Caxias Japeri Cabo Frio Queimados Belford Roxo Itaboraí Rio Bonito Rio Claro Nova Iguaçu São João SÃO PAULO Seropédica Tanguá Araruama São Pedro Armação de Meriti da Aldeia dos Búzios Itaguaí Nilópolis São Gonçalo Iguaba Grande Angra dos Reis Mangaratiba Niterói Maricá Saquarema Rio de Janeiro Arraial do Cabo NTICO O ATLÂ Parati OCEAN CIDE Fonte: Centro de Informações e Dados do Rio de Janeiro - CIDE 010 30 50 Km Anuário Estatístico do Estado do Rio de Janeiro9 - 1997 SEBRAESEBRAE -- RIO RIO DEDE JANEIROJANEIRO STATESTATE ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION - State Advisory Council 1. Federation of Industries -FIRJAN 7. Federation of Micro and SME’s 2. Chamber of Commerce -ACRJ 8. Secretariat of State of Economic Development 3. Rio de Janeiro Industrial Centre 9. Rio de Janeiro Technology Network 4. Rio de Janeiro State Federation of Trade and Entrepreneurial 10. BIO RIO Foundation Associations 11. Rio de Janeiro State Federation of 5. Rio de Janeiro Trade Association Agriculture 6. National Agricultural Society 12. SEBRAE National 10 5 SEBRAESEBRAE -- RIO RIO DEDE JANEIROJANEIRO STATESTATE ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION - State Advisory Council – New members 13. Banco do Brasil 14. Caixa Economica Federal 15. State Development Agency 11 SEBRAESEBRAE -- RIO RIO DEDE JANEIROJANEIRO STATESTATE STRATEGICAL OPERATING SECTORS – “CLUSTERS” Oil & Gas Metal Mechanics Shipbuilding & Agri-business OffShore Civil Construction Tourism, Culture, Entertainment and Trade and Services Articraft Technology Textiles & Clothing 12 6 13 RIORIO DEDE JANEIROJANEIRO LOCALLOCAL PRODUCTIVEPRODUCTIVE ARRANGEMENTSARRANGEMENTS CLUSTERS AND & LPA SHARE IN RIO DE JANEIRO Remun. Average Medium-sized Indicator Jobs Enterp. (1,000 Income. jobs / enterp. US$) (US$) Total – Clusters in Rio de Janeiro State 238,005 14,125 123 16.85 520,3 Total Activities – excluding Public 2,200,560 206,769 725,422, 10.64 329.36 Administration /civil service % Share held by 10.82% 6.83% 17.07% 158% 158% Clusters Source: Prepared by author using RAIS data bank information (2001) Total Clusters: 61 Total LPAs: 17 14 7 RIORIO DEDE JANEIROJANEIRO LOCALLOCAL PRODUCTIVEPRODUCTIVE ARRANGEMENTSARRANGEMENTS CLUSTERS & LPA SHARE IN THE RIO DE JANEIRO STATE ECONOMY Average Income - Rio de Janeiro State LPA: US$ 643.00 Clusters: US$ 520,23 State Average: US$ 329.65 Exports – RJ State N° Enterprises Value (US$ billion) Period: 2000 to 2002 State Total 1,601 7.9 Total – Clusters & LPAs 279 5.8 % of Clusters and LPAs in State Total 17.43% 73.42% Source: SEBRAE/RJ – prepared on the basis of FUNCEX data Throughout this period the oil/gas sector was responsible for exports up to US$ 3.5 billion 15 RIORIO DEDE JANEIROJANEIRO LOCALLOCAL PRODUCTIVEPRODUCTIVE ARRANGEMENTSARRANGEMENTS CHARACTERISTICS OF IDENTIFIED LPAs • PETROBRAS is the anchor enterprise, with a structure based OIL on centralized governance. Macaé • Ample networking of components and service suppliers. • The complex of inputs and services supply logistics encourage local coordination and networking.– RedePetro. • REDUC, PETROFLEX and NITRIFLEX play a core role PETROCHEMICALS, CHEMICASL & •Associated activities: plastics; paints and varnishes; fine PLASTICS chemical products. • Activities may be coordinated with the institutional support Duque de Caxias, promoted with the establishment of the Gas-Chemical hub. Belford Roxo and São João de Meriti 16 8 RIORIO DEDE JANEIROJANEIRO LOCALLOCAL PRODUCTIVEPRODUCTIVE ARRANGEMENTSARRANGEMENTS CHARACTERISTICS OF IDENTIFIED LPAs OIL Macaé PETROCHEMICALS, CHEMICASL & PLASTICS Duque de Caxias, Belford Roxo and São João de Meriti 17 RIORIO DEDE JANEIROJANEIRO -- LOCAL LOCAL PRODUCTIVEPRODUCTIVE ARRANGEMENTSARRANGEMENTS CHARACTERISTICS OF IDENTIFIED LPAs • Positioning of shipyards (Mauá & Renave) as anchor NAVAL enterprises. INDUSTRY • Possibility of expanding the number of suppliers with the return of orders. Niterói • Specializing in rigs and vessels for the offshore oil industry. Strong institutional support from the Rio de Janeiro State Government. • Key role played by CSN steel mill in rolled products IRON & STEEL output. • Present in associated activities: fabrication of cast parts Vale do Paraíba and rendering services. (Volta Redonda, • Possibility of strengthening links among producers based Barra Mansa & on the anchor role of the major enterprises. Barra do Piraí) • Presence of qualified labor force and support institutions. 18 9 RIORIO DEDE JANEIROJANEIRO -- LOCAL LOCAL PRODUCTIVEPRODUCTIVE ARRANGEMENTSARRANGEMENTS CHARACTERISTICS OF IDENTIFIED LPAs NAVAL INDUSTRY Niterói IRON & STEEL Vale do Paraíba (Volta Redonda, Barra Mansa & Barra do Piraí) 19 RIORIO DEDE JANEIROJANEIRO –– LOCAL LOCAL PRODUCTIVEPRODUCTIVE ARRANGEMENTSARRANGEMENTS CHARACTERISTICS OF IDENTIFIED LPAs • High density with MSE predominating. TEXTILES- • Specializing in knits and clothing (Petrópolis) and lingerie. CLOTHING • Evidence that local networking is on the rise, linked mainly Petrópolis to the retailing level (Rua Teresa brand - Petrópolis). & • Evidence that local networking is on the rise in Nova LINGERIE Friburgo – Fashion Council – in order to improve the design, Nova Friburgo quality and exploitation of export potential. • Predominance of MSE. • Institutional