Servant Leadership and other Lessons Learned from the Montreal Olympic Stadium
Tina Cerulli, PMP Presentation to PMI Champlain Valley Objectives
1. Demonstrate the benefits of: • Servant Leadership • Implementing Lessons Learned • Sound Project Management
2. Case Study: Montreal Olympic Stadium
3. Recommendation: Old Stadium or New Stadium?
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Potential Expos Return
If the Montreal Expos return, where should they play?
Old Stadium or New Stadium?
Faster Cheaper
Better
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Lessons Learned
• If & How to Use Them
• Unique Project Output
• Perception is Reality
• Consider All Sources
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 4 Lessons Learned from Construction Project of the Montreal Olympic Stadium
Initiating Planning Executing Closing
Dec 4, 1969 May 2, 1970 April 23, 1973 July 17, 1976 Nov 6, 2006
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 5 Jean Drapeau’s Vision
• Place Des Arts 1963
• 1st IOC Application 1965
• Metro 1966
• Expo’67 1967
• Montreal Expos 1969
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 6 Initiating the Construction Project
Initiating Planning Executing Closing
Dec 4, 1969 - May 2, 1970
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 7 Project Description
• Development of Park Maisonneuve
“The ugliness of slums in which people live doesn’t matter if we can make them stand wide-eyed in admiration of works of art they don’t understand.” - Jean Drapeau, 1967
16/05/2013 Tina Cerulli, B.Eng, MCSE, PMP 8
High Level Requirements
Stakeholder Req # Requirement Description IOC 1 Olympism 2 Multi-purpose stadium 3 High Seating Capacity 4 Safety (Exits/Access) 5 Open-air Environment City of Montreal 6 Retractable Roof for Professional Baseball 7 Field for Professional Baseball 8 Field for Professional Football 9 Modest (like the 1952 Helsinki Games)
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 9 OBS
PM Jean Drapeau
Architect Roger Taillibert
PM Games PM Installations Planning Claude Phaneuf Paul Howell
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 10 Architect Roger Taillibert
• Born in France • International Sports Facilities • Commander of the Légion d'Honneur
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 11 City Engineer Claude Phaneuf
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 12 Planning Paul Howell
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 13 External Stakeholders
• Customers
• Governments
• International Media
• Worldwide Audience Montreal Citizen’s Movement
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Planning the Construction Project
Initiating Planning Executing Closing
May 1970 – April 1973
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WBS: Olympic Stadium
Stadium
Shell Tower Roof Field
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 16 Planning the Shell Design
• Le Parc des Princes – Designed by French Architect Roger Taillibert, 1972
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 17 Taillibert’s Architectural Style
• Curved Line Opposing Curved Line
• Concrete vs Steel
• Pre-Fab Components
• Sloping Roof
• 34 Unique Consoles
• Innovative
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 18 Planning the Tower Design
• 1st freestanding structure leaning into space
• 45 degrees
• As Tall as Washington Monument
• Triangular base
• Swimming Pool
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 19 Planning the Roof Design
• Retractable
• Movable Fabric
• Umbrella
• Piscine Carnot, Paris
• April 1972 Presentation
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Planning the Field Design
• Customers
– Montreal Expos (Baseball) – Montreal Alouettes (Football)
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 21 Planned Cost of Quality
Inexpensive Expensive
• Simple • Complex
• Fast • Slow
• Proven Design • Unique Design
• High Quality • Rework
• Concrete • Steel
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Budget Planning
• 1972 Forecasted Construction Costs: $ 250 M
• Self-Financed => No Sponsor Required!
“The Montreal Olympics can no more have a deficit than a man can have a baby.” - Jean Drapeau, 1973
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 23 Time Planning
• February 3, 1973: 1st Master Schedule for Construction
– 6 month late Forecast, 3 years before Delivery!!
Construction Construction Installation Excavation Shell Tower Roof
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 24 Communication Planning
Purpose Stakeholder Type of Communication When
Progress • Schedule (CPM) Once a COJO Tracking • PAP Process Month
Construction • Schedule (BART Chart) Daily • Written Progress IOC Reports Ad Hoc • Presentations World Marketing • Pamphlets, Brochures Late Audience
Public • Video Presentation Ad Hoc Media Relations • Press Conference
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 25 Procurement Planning
• No Competitive Bidding – Didn’t work in Munich • Consequences – Perception of Unfairness / Over-Spending – Sabotage
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 26 Executing the Construction Project
Initiating Planning Executing Closing
April 28, 1973 – July 9, 1976
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 27 Work Progress 1973-74
• Inflation • Costs Up • Resource Scarcity • Resources Up • Strikes (Nov-Feb) • Delays • Lack of Competence • Soil too weak
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 28 Re-Org #1
Sponsor
Product Owner
Installations Games
Design Duranceau Construction
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 29 Re-Org #1
Sponsor
Product Owner
Installations Lavalin Games
City
Design Duranceau- Construction Lavalin Desourdy
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 30 Work Progress 1975
• Jockeying for Power • Delays • Resource Congestion • Costs Up • Strikes (May-Oct) • Dissention • No more Money! • Bail Out!
31 Re-Org #2
Sponsor X Product Owner X
Installations Lavalin Games
City
Design Duranceau- Construction Lavalin Desourdy
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Sponsor Olympic Installations Board
Product French Contractors Owner
Installations Lavalin Games
City
Design Duranceau- Construction Lavalin Desourdy
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 33 Work Progress 1976
• Clearer Leadership • Rushed Work • Working OT • Costs Up • PR Management • Progress Up
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Scope Incomplete:
Stadium Shell Field Tower Roof
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 35 “Modest” or Over Budget?
• Planned = $ 250 M • Actual = $1213 M • Deviation = 385 %
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 36 Lessons Learned
“The future will be the judge. Every time a man tries to do something that lasts beyond his own time, he has troubles. I’m sure no one understood the significance of the Sphinx, the pyramids or the Eiffel Tower.”
- Jean Drapeau, 1976
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 37 Lessons Learned
• Scope: Adapt Accordingly
• Quality: Meet the Requirements First
• Cost: “Run Your Project Like a Business”
• Time: Plan for the worst
• HR: Clarify Expectations
• Risk: Keep Highest Risk off Critical Path
• Procurement: Have Contracts with Penalties
• Communication: Be Proactive & Transparent
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Lessons Learned
• Stakeholders: Be a Servant Leader
– Listen Actively – Be Aware – Be Understanding & Empathetic – Have Foresight – Be Persuasive – Have Stewardship – Provide Healing – Conceptualize – Commit to the Growth of People – Build Your Community
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 39 DELIVERING TO EXPOS APRIL 1977
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 40 Tower 1979-1987
• Design Change • Delays & Rework • Explosions • Costs Up • Fires • Safety Concerns • Falling Concrete • Games Postponed • Raining / Freezing • Loss of Revenue
41 Retractable Roof 1988-1998
• Design Changes • Delays & Rework • Malfunctions • Costs Up • Wind Constraints • Games Postponed • Rips • Loss of Revenue
42 Fixed Roof 1998-2013
• Design Change • Delays & Rework • Panel Collapse • Costs Up • Rips • Injuries / Safety • Fire Hazard • Closed in Winter • Replacement • Loss of Revenue
43 1991-2013 Concrete Shell
• Beam crashes • Delays & Rework • Wall Collapses • Costs Up • Slab Falls • Safety Concerns • Cracks • Expos / Auto Show • Lost Revenue
44 Closing the Construction Project
Initiating Planning Executing Closing
Nov 2006
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 45 More Lessons Learned – Cost of Non-Conformance & Poor Quality
• Total Cost in 2006: $1.47B • Revenue in 2012: $5.6M Deficit
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 46 More Lessons Learned – Stakeholder DisEngagement OIB’s Attempt at Servant Leadership
“Dreadful. Too expensive. Horrible. Useless. The Roof.”
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 48 OIB’s Response
Demolition is not an option!
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 49 Potential Expos Return
If the Montreal Expos return, where should they play?
Old Stadium or New Stadium?
Faster Cheaper
Better
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 50 OIB’s Recommendation
Future = Past = Old Stadium Added Value = ZERO! • More Cost of Poor Quality • More Cost to Tax Payers – Roof ($300M?) • More Negative ROI – Concrete Repairs • Continued Dissatisfaction
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 51 OIB’s Recommendation
Future = Past = Old Stadium Added Value = ZERO! • More Cost of Poor Quality • More Cost to Tax Payers – Roof ($300M?) • More Negative ROI – Concrete Repairs • Continued Dissatisfaction
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 52 My Recommendation: Strive for Excellence this time!
Future = New Stadium Added Value = Positive ROI! • Customer Driven • Stakeholder Satisfaction • Built Sound PM Principles • Generate Revenue • Privately Owned • End Tax Payer Subsidies
16/05/2013 Copyright@Tina Cerulli, PMP 53 PMI CV Advertisement