DOCSLIB.ORG

Msp430 Launchpad User Guide

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Msp430 Launchpad User Guide Msp430 launchpad user guide Continue For other purposes, see this article for additional quotes to verify. Please help improve this article by adding quotes to reliable sources. Non-sources of materials can be challenged and removed. Find sources: Renewable Energy Systems - News Newspaper Book Scientist JSTOR (February 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Renewable Energy Systems LimitedTypelimited by IndustryEnergyFounded1982HeadquartersKings Langley, EnglandProductsElectricity Generation, Wind turbinesWebsite RES Group (Renewable Energy System) is a global renewable energy company that has been active in the renewable energy industry for over 30 years. Its core business is to develop, build and operate large-scale, network-connected renewable energy projects around the world for commercial, industrial and utility customers. THE WIA is active in wind and offshore wind and solar and solar energy sectors and is increasingly focused on the transition to a low-carbon economy that provides transmission, energy storage and demand management expertise. The history of renewable energy systems was launched in 1982 as part of sir Robert McAlpine Group of Engineering and Construction Companies. His early years were spent studying various designs for commercial wind turbines, including work on vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) models, as well as now more widely used horizontal axis (HAWT) units. The company built its first commercial wind farm at Carland Cross in Cornwall in 1992, using 15 Vestas turbines, each with a capacity of 400 kW. In December 1998, the first commercial 1 MW wind turbine to be designed and built in the UK was installed by renewable energy in Slivonagan, Co Antrim. (quote necessary) Wind turbine in Beaufort Court, Kings Langley, UKIn 2001 the company built then the largest wind farm in the world on King Mountain in Texas, using 214 bonus turbines with a capacity of 1.3 MW. In 2005, VIS received the Royal Award for Entrepreneurship in the Sustainable Development category. Recently, the company has been actively working on the emerging offshore wind market in the UK. It supports the supply of both onshore and marine engineering works for Lynn and Inner Dowsing offshore wind farms off the Lincolnshire coast in the UK. The Renewable Energy Group has now developed and/or built more than 100 wind farms worldwide with a capacity of more than 12 GW. In addition, it has projects on its books totaling several thousand megawatts around the world, at various stages of development. Group manages the Company's assets Infrastructure Group, which deals with onshore wind and solar power in the UK, France and Ireland, which plans to flotate the stock market to raise up to 300 million pounds. ReS Group has offices in the UK, Europe, North America and Australia. The BUILDING of the UK headquarters has since been 2003 RES was founded in its low-carbon headquarters in Beaufort Court, King's Langley, Hertfordshire in the UK. This unique site, at the heart of the old Arts and Crafts style Ovaltine Egg Farm building, originally built in 1929, uses electricity supplied from its own 225 kW Vestas V29 3 wind turbine and from on-site photovoltaic panels. The heat comes from 170 m2 of solar thermal panels and from the biomass boiler. The plant's energy crop is grown on 5 hectares, while cooling is done on demand with the help of pumped groundwater. See also the UK Solar Power Wind Power in the United Kingdom Blyth Biomass Power Station Links Following sites give more information about the Beaufort court location. - The Scotsman's report of 28 June 2013, access to it on 28 June 2013 - Beaufort Court - low-carbon construction - Power from the wind (PDF). Renewable energy systems. Received 2008-11-16. External references extracted from the For an Academic Journal, see Renewable Energy (Journal). Energy That Comes From Renewable Resources Part of the Series AboutSustainable Energy Review Sustainable Energy Carbon-Neutral Fuel Fossil Fuel Phased Out Energy-Saving Cogeneration Effective Energy Storage Energy Green Building Heat Pump Low Carbon Energy Microgeneration Passive Solar Building Design Renewable Energy Biofuels Geothermal Hydroelectric Power Solar Tidal Wave Wind Sustainable Vehicle Green Car Plug-in Hybrid Renewable Energy Portal Environment Total Generation was 26 PG-H. Natural gas (23%) Hydro (16%) Nuclear (10%) Wind (4%) Oil (3%) Solar (2%) Biofuels (2%) Other (2%) Wind, solar and hydroelectric power are three renewable sources of energy. Renewable energy is energy that comes from renewable resources that are naturally replenished in human terms, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat. Renewable energy often provides energy to four important areas: electricity generation, air and water heating/cooling, transportation and rural (off-grid) energy services. According to the 2017 REN21 report, renewable energy contributed 19.3% to global energy consumption in 2015 and 2016 and 24.5% to electricity generation in 2015 and 2016, respectively. This energy consumption is divided as 8.9% of traditional biomass, 4.2% as thermal energy (modern biomass, geothermal and solar heat), 3.9% of and the remaining 2.2% of electricity from wind, sun, geothermal and other forms of biomass. Investments worldwide in renewable technologies totaled more than $286 billion in 2015. Global investment in renewable energy totaled $279.8 billion in 2017 with China for US$126.6 billion or 45% of global investment, the United States for US$40.5 billion and Europe for US$40.9 billion. There are an estimated 7.7 million renewable energy jobs worldwide, with solar photovoltaics being the largest renewable employer. Renewable energy systems are rapidly becoming more efficient and cheaper, and their share of total energy consumption is growing. By 2019, more than two-thirds of the world's newly installed electricity generation capacity was renewable. The growth of coal and oil consumption could end by 2020 by increasing the absorption of renewable energy and natural gas. Nationally, at least 30 countries around the world already have renewable energy sources that contribute more than 20 percent of their energy supply. National renewable energy markets are projected to continue to grow rapidly over the next decade and over the next decade. Some places and at least two countries, Iceland and Norway, already produce all their electricity using renewable energy sources, and many other countries have set a goal to achieve 100% renewable energy in the future. At least 47 countries already have more than 50 per cent of their electricity from renewable resources. Renewable energy sources exist in large geographical areas, unlike fossil fuels, which are concentrated in a limited number of countries. The rapid adoption of renewable energy technologies and energy efficiency leads to significant energy security, climate change mitigation and economic benefits. There is strong support in international opinion polls to promote renewable sources such as solar and wind power. While many renewable energy projects are large-scale, renewable technologies are also suitable for rural and remote areas and developing countries, where energy is often critical to human development. Since most renewable energy technologies provide electricity, the deployment of renewable energy is often applied in conjunction with further electrification, which has a number of advantages: electricity can be converted to heat, can be converted into highly efficient mechanical energy and is clean at the point of consumption. In addition, renewable energy electrification is more efficient and therefore leads to a significant reduction in primary energy requirements. See also: Solar Energy Review, Renewable Energy Topics Lists, and Sustainable Energy Consumption in the World by Source. Renewables accounted for 19% in 2012. PlanetSolar, the world's largest solar-powered boat and the world's first ever solar electric car, circumnavigation the globe (in 2012) Renewable energy sources include natural phenomena such as sunlight, wind, tides, plant growth and geothermal heat, as explained by the International Energy Agency: processes that are constantly being replenished. In its various forms, it comes directly from the sun, or from the heat generated deep inside the earth. The definition includes electricity and heat generated from solar, wind, ocean, hydropower, biomass, geothermal resources, as well as biofuels and hydrogen from renewable resources. Renewable energy sources and significant opportunities for energy efficiency exist in large geographical areas, unlike other energy sources that are concentrated in a limited number of countries. The rapid introduction of renewable energy and energy efficiency, as well as the technological diversification of energy sources, will lead to significant energy and economic benefits. It will also reduce pollution, such as air pollution caused by the burning of fossil fuels, and improve public health, reduce premature deaths due to pollution and save related health costs, which amount to several hundred billion dollars a year in the United States alone. Renewable energy sources that receive their energy from the Sun, directly or indirectly, such as hydro and wind, are expected to be able to supply human energy for nearly another 1 billion years, after which the projected increase in heat from the sun is expected to make the Earth's surface too hot for liquid water. Climate change and global warming, coupled with the continuing fall in the cost of some renewable energy equipment, such as wind turbines and solar panels, are driving more frequent use of renewable energy sources. New government spending, regulation and policies have helped the industry bring the global financial crisis better than many other sectors. However, according to the International Renewable Energy Agency, according to the International Renewable Energy Agency, the total share of renewable energy sources in energy storage (including electricity, heat and transportation) should grow six times faster to keep average global temperatures rising well below 2.0 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) during the current century compared to pre-industrial levels.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics 2012
    Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics 2012 Production team: Iain MacLeay Kevin Harris Anwar Annut and chapter authors A National Statistics publication London: TSO © Crown Copyright 2012 All rights reserved First published 2012 ISBN 9780115155284 Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics Enquiries about statistics in this publication should be made to the contact named at the end of the relevant chapter. Brief extracts from this publication may be reproduced provided that the source is fully acknowledged. General enquiries about the publication, and proposals for reproduction of larger extracts, should be addressed to Kevin Harris, at the address given in paragraph XXIX of the Introduction. The Department of Energy and Climate Change reserves the right to revise or discontinue the text or any table contained in this Digest without prior notice. About TSO's Standing Order Service The Standing Order Service, open to all TSO account holders, allows customers to automatically receive the publications they require in a specified subject area, thereby saving them the time, trouble and expense of placing individual orders, also without handling charges normally incurred when placing ad-hoc orders. Customers may choose from over 4,000 classifications arranged in 250 sub groups under 30 major subject areas. These classifications enable customers to choose from a wide variety of subjects, those publications that are of special interest to them. This is a particularly valuable service for the specialist library or research body. All publications will be dispatched immediately after publication date. Write to TSO, Standing Order Department, PO Box 29, St Crispins, Duke Street, Norwich, NR3 1GN, quoting reference 12.01.013.
    [Show full text]
  • Socio-Economic Baseline Reviews for Offshore Renewables in Scottish Waters
    RPA. Marine Scotland Socio-economic Baseline Reviews for Offshore Renewables in Scottish Waters Volume 1: Main Text Report R.1905 September 2012 RPA. Marine Scotland Socio-economic Baseline Reviews for Offshore Renewables in Scottish Waters Volume 2: Figures Report R.1905 September 2012 Marine Scotland Socio-economic Baseline Reviews for Offshore Renewables in Scottish Waters Date: September 2012 Project Ref: R4032/3 Report No: R.1905 © ABP Marine Environmental Research Ltd Version Details of Change Authorised By Date 1 Working Copy C E Brown 02.12.11 2 Final C E Brown 07.02.12 3 Final C E Brown 26.04.12 4 Final C E Brown 28.06.12 5 Final C E Brown 24.09.12 Document Authorisation Signature Date Project Manager: C E Brown Quality Manager: H Roberts Project Director: S C Hull ABP Marine Environmental Research Ltd Quayside Suite, Medina Chambers Town Quay Tel: +44(0)23 8071 1840 SOUTHAMPTON Fax: +44(0)23 8071 1841 Hampshire Web: www.abpmer.co.uk SO14 2AQ Email: [email protected] ABPmer is certified by: All images copyright ABPmer apart from front cover (wave, anemone, bird) and policy & management (rockpool) Andy Pearson www.oceansedgephotography.co.uk Socio-economic Baseline Reviews for Offshore Renewables in Scottish Waters Summary ABP Marine Environmental Research Ltd (ABPmer) and RPA were commissioned by Marine Scotland to prepare a baseline socio-economic review to inform impact assessments of future sectoral plans for offshore wind and wave and tidal energy in Scottish Territorial Waters and waters offshore of Scotland (hereafter „Scottish Waters‟). This report provides a national overview of socio-economic activities together with regional baseline reviews covering the six Scottish Offshore Renewable Energy Regions (SORERs).
    [Show full text]
  • UK Windfarm Load Factors 2006 by Site
    UK Windfarm Load Factors 2006 By Site The most recent date of ROC issue on the Renewable Obligation Certificate Register available from the Ofgem web site included in the analysis was 25th April 2007. The two monthly figures shown are the actual number of ROC's issued and this figure expressed as a percentage of the the ROC's which could be issued if the output was continually at the at the maximum DNC value, without interruption, for the complete month. The cumulative annual figures are included, where the figures given against each location are the actual number of ROC's issued during the year, the possible number of ROC's which could be issued if the output was continually at the maximum DNC value and actual output expressed as a percentage of this figure. This is the annual load (capacity) factor of each location. Most recent ROC issue date 25 April 2007 For year 2006 Annual output by technology Actual Possible % Median of Individual MWh MWh Monthly % Values Biomass 985214 1759199 56.00 55.19 Co-firing of biomass with fossil fuel 2456733 230290215 1.07 0.91 Biomass and waste using ACT 11496 26114 44.02 48.59 Micro hydro 55815 121504 45.94 46.23 Hydro <20 MW DNC 2049389 4977685 41.17 37.68 Landfill gas 4168045 6718018 62.04 63.76 Waste using an ACT 1224 11529 10.62 11.44 Off-shore wind 685819 2503109 27.40 27.18 On-shore wind 3530914 13767395 25.65 26.58 Wind 4216733 16270504 25.92 Sewage gas 333578 655003 50.93 51.91 Wave power 9 1452 0.62 0.56 PV 131 1770 7.40 7.45 Contribution to annual total renewable energy generation Biomass
    [Show full text]
  • Developing the Marine Energy Sector in Scotland: a View from the Islands Thomas Neal Mcmillin University of Mississippi
    University of Mississippi eGrove Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors Theses Honors College) 2014 Developing the Marine Energy Sector in Scotland: A View from the Islands Thomas Neal McMillin University of Mississippi. Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis Part of the American Studies Commons Recommended Citation McMillin, Thomas Neal, "Developing the Marine Energy Sector in Scotland: A View from the Islands" (2014). Honors Theses. 912. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis/912 This Undergraduate Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College) at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DEVELOPING THE MARINE ENERGY SECTOR IN SCOTLAND: A VIEW FROM THE ISLANDS _____________________ NEAL MCMILLIN DEVELOPING THE MARINE ENERGY SECTOR IN SCOTLAND: A VIEW FROM THE ISLANDS by Thomas Neal McMillin, Jr. A thesis submitted to the faculty of the University of Mississippi in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College. Oxford 2014 Approved by _________________________________ Advisor: Dr. Andy Harper _________________________________ Reader: Dr. Jay Watson _________________________________ Reader: Dr. John Winkle 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS If you need an idea, you may be wise to take a hot shower. I conceived the genesis of this project during one of these. I realized that to apply for the Barksdale Award, I needed to focus on something which I had both experienced and cared about. From that thought, I realized that Scotland and water were my two topics to research.
    [Show full text]
  • Agenda Reports Pack (Public) 27/01/2011, 14.00
    17 January 2011 Dear Councillor, Special Development Control Committee A Special meeting of the Development Control Committee will be held on Thursday, 27 January 2011 at 2.00 p.m. in the Council Chamber, Civic Centre, Queen Elizabeth Drive, Pershore. The agenda is attached. Yours sincerely Chris Wilkes Committee Administrator. N.B. (1) Members should, if possible direct any questions on the planning application to Neil Pearce and have them answered by him, prior to the meeting. (2) The deadline for public speaking registration is noon on Friday 21 January 2011 (3) A light lunch for Members will be served in the Conservatory at 1pm and there will be a refreshment break for teas at 3.30pm-3.45pm. (4) All Members are reminded to collect their committee updates from the members’ room, prior to the commencement of the meeting. (5) A map of Pershore showing public car parks is attached. However, the car parks closest to the rear of the Civic Centre and the hospital are likely to be very busy, so anyone attending the meeting is urged to allow time to park elsewhere in the town, if necessary. Plans of the application site are attached to the committee report. Chris Wilkes Committee Administrator Direct Dial 01386 565436 Fax 01386 561091 [email protected] The agenda and associated papers are now available for public inspection during normal working hours at:- Civic Centre Evesham Community Contact Droitwich Community Queen Elizabeth Drive Centre Contact Centre Pershore Abbey Road 44 High Street Worcs WR10 1PT Evesham Droitwich Spa
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Review 2006 Annual Review 2006
    Annual Review 2006 Annual Review 2006 BWEA Events 2007 15 March 2007: BWEA Marine 07 BWEA’s 4th Annual Wave and Tidal Energy Conference London, UK 7 June 2007: BWEA Offshore 07 BWEA’s 6th Annual UK Offshore Wind Conference Liverpool, UK 9-11 October 2007: BWEA29 The Industry’s 29th Annual Conference and Exhibition Glasgow, UK For further information on attending, sponsoring or speaking at BWEA events visit www.bwea.com 2 Annual Review 2006 Contents BWEA is the UK’s leading renewable energy Foreword from CEO 4-5 association. Established in 1978, BWEA now has 2006 Planning Review 6-7 Approaching the 2nd gigawatt over 330 companies in membership, active in the UK wind, wave and tidal stream industries. BWEA Record Year of Delivery 8-13 is at the forefront of the development of these Statistical overview of 14-15 wind farms sectors, protecting members’ interests and promoting their industries to Government, Onshore 16-19 business and the media. Wales 20-21 Wind energy has now started a major expansion Small Wind 22-25 in the UK and will be the single greatest Offshore 26-29 contributor to the Government’s 10% 2010 Marine 30-33 renewable energy target and 20% 2020 Grid and Technical 34-37 renewable aspiration. Together, wind, wave Health and Safety 38-40 and tidal power can supply 21% of the country’s projected electricity supplies by 2020, resulting in Communications 42-47 over £16 billion of investment in UK plc. Energy Review 48-50 Publications 51-57 Events 58-61 Finance Review 62-63 Front cover credits BWEA Staff 64 Burton Wold wind farm
    [Show full text]
  • Wind Turbine Safety Complacency and Cover Up
    Home | Site Listings | Borders & Lothians | Northumberland | Durham | Wind Power | Property | Noise | SAFETY | Visuals | Birds | Landowners | Farm Turbines | Dirty Tricks | Press | Contacts | Links | WIND TURBINE SAFETY Quick Navigation: General articles on turbine safety Ice throw Local Accidents. Some UK Accidents. Accidents in other countries. COMPLACENCY AND COVER UP ‗Wind turbine accidents‘, You Tube. While few would contend that turbines are a major threat to public safety (most deaths and injuries are suffered by those transporting, erecting and maintaining turbines), the wind industry is marked by both a reluctance to admit to accidents and a tendency to cover up the failings of the technology.1 In 2011 RenewableUK admitted that there had been over 1,500 reported accidents/‗incidents‘ in the UK in the previous five years, some of which resulted in deaths and serious injuries. There is no requirement for accidents which do not cause death or injury to be reported. A Minister recently confirmed that, “Neither DECC, nor the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), collect specific data for wind turbine accidents.” 2 Most accidents are not noticed unless damage is spotted by the public and the press report it. Examples of industry cover-ups abound. The wind industry always tries to play down the frequency of turbine accidents: for example, in Cornwall in 2006, “Part of a wind turbine blade weighing more than half a ton snapped off and crashed into a field during high winds. Operators Cumbria Windfarms said the site has been running since April 1993 and nothing like this had happened there before.” It had, as several locals pointed out: in 1993, a month after the turbine park opened, they had had a similar accident.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Assessment of Short Term Options for Offshore Wind Energy in Scottish Territorial Waters: Costs and Benefits to Other Marine Users and Interests
    Marine Scotland Economic Assessment of Short Term Options for Offshore Wind Energy in Scottish Territorial Waters: Costs and Benefits to Other Marine Users and Interests Economic Assessment of Short Term Options for Offshore Wind Energy in Scottish Territorial Waters: Costs and Benefits to Other Marine Users and Interests The Scottish Government, Edinburgh 2011 Economic Assessment of Short Term Options for Offshore Wind Energy in Scottish Territorial Waters: Costs and Benefits to Other Marine Users and Interests © Crown copyright 2011 ISBN: 978-1-78045-162-6 (web only) The Scottish Government St Andrew’s House Edinburgh EH1 3DG Produced for the Scottish Government by APS Group Scotland DPPAS11534 (03/11) Published by the Scottish Government, March 2011 Economic Assessment of Short Term Options for Offshore Wind Energy in Scottish Territorial Waters: Costs and Benefits to Other Marine Users and Interests Summary Introduction In 2009, The Crown Estate identified 10 areas where it was prepared to grant commercial leases for offshore wind energy developments. Collectively, these areas could provide a generation capacity of around 6.4GW. Subsequent to this, one of the sites (Bell Rock) proved technically unsuitable for development and the developer has withdrawn from the scheme. The Scottish Government‟s draft Offshore Wind Energy Plan provides a strategic overview of where offshore wind development could be progressed including The Crown Estate‟s 9 short-term options, together with a number of medium and longer-term options. A number of studies have been commissioned by Marine Scotland to support the evaluation of the Plan prior to its adoption. These studies have included a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) (Marine Scotland, 2010a) and a Habitats Regulations Appraisal (ABPmer, 2011) of the short and medium term options in the Draft Plan.
    [Show full text]
  • Greencoat UK Wind PLC Share Issuance Programme October 2017 IMPORTANT: You Must Read the Following Before Continuing
    GREENCOAT UK WIND Greencoat UK Wind PLC Share Issuance Programme October 2017 IMPORTANT: You must read the following before continuing. The following applies to the prospectus (the ‘‘Prospectus’’) which follows, and you are therefore advised to read this carefully before reading, accessing or making any other use of the Prospectus. In accessing the Prospectus, you agree to be bound by the following terms and conditions, including any modifications made to them from time to time by Greencoat UK Wind PLC (the ‘‘Company’’) as a result of such access. The Prospectus has been prepared solely in connection with the proposed share issuance programme of the securities described in the Prospectus (the ‘‘New Shares’’) in the United Kingdom and the marketing of the New Shares in certain other countries outside the United Kingdom. This document and any offer if made subsequently is subject to the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (‘‘AIFMD’’) as implemented by Member States of the European Economic Area. Outside of the United Kingdom, this document and any offer if made subsequently is directed only at professional investors in the following member states: Ireland, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands and Sweden (together with the United Kingdom, the ‘‘Eligible Member States’’). The Company’s Investment Manager has not registered a passport for marketing under the passporting programme set out in the AIFMD in any other member state (each an ‘‘Ineligible Member State’’). This document may not be distributed in any Ineligible Member State and no offers subsequent to it may be made or accepted in any Ineligible Member State. This document is only addressed to and directed at persons in Eligible Member States who are ‘‘qualified investors’’ within the meaning of Article 2(1)(e) of the Prospectus Directive (Directive 2003/71/EC (and amendments thereto, including Directive 2010/73/ EU, to the extent implemented in the Relevant Member State)) (‘‘Qualified Investors’’).
    [Show full text]
  • European Wind Farms
    Gartefjellet (40MW,20) KJØLLEFJORD VIND AS Havøygavlen (40MW,16) Arctic Wind (StatoilHydro) Kjollefjord (39.1MW,17) Kjøllefjord Vind AS (Statkraft) Sandhaugen (1.5MW,1) Norsk Miljøkraft FoU AS Kvalnes, Andøya (0.4MW,1) Andøya Energi AS Hovden, Vesterålen (0.4MW,1) Vesterålskraft Produksjon AS Enontekiö (1.5MW,3) Tunturituuli Oy Nygårdsfjellet I (6.9MW,3) Nordkraft Vind AS Hammarøya vindmølle (0.3MW,1) Nordmøre Energiverk AS Olos 3 (1.8MW,3) Tunturituuli Oy Viscaria (5.4MW,6) Biegg-al mai/Suorva (0.6MW,1) Aapua (10.5MW,7) Hornberg (10MW,5) Bolungarvik Uljabuouda (30MW,10) Skellefteå Kraft Blaiken (300MW,100) Skellefteå Kraft Kemi 1 (0.9MW,3) Kemin Tuulivoimapuisto Oy Storön (0.85MW,1) Kemi (30MW,10) PVO Innopower Oy Kemi (3MW,1) Haminan Energia Oy Ajos (Kemi) 1+2 (24MW,8) Pohjolan Voima Ajos T5 (30MW,10) PVO Innopower Oy Jokkmokksliden (25MW,10) Skellefteå Kraft Kuivaniemi (7MW,8) VAPOn tuulivoima Oy Vatunki 6 (2MW,1) VAPOn tuulivoima Oy Kuivamatala 1 (2.25MW,3) VAPOn tuulivoima Oy Laitakari (0.5MW,3) Iin Energia Oy Ii (1.5MW,2) Iin Energia Oy Ii Laitakari (1MW,1) Dragaliden (24MW,12) Svevind Bondön (35MW,14) Global Green Energy Huikku (0.5MW,1) Hornberget (10MW,5) Jämtkraft AB Vattenfall sähköntuotanto Oy Klimpfjäll (2.7MW,3) Vattenfall AB Hailuoto (1.6MW,4) Spawer Kraft Ab Oulu (4MW,2) PVO Innopower Oy Marjaniemi 3 (0.5MW,1) Riutunkari T4 (3MW,3) Vihreäsaari T2 (3MW,1) Vattenfall sähköntuotanto Oy PVO Innopower Oy PVO Innopower Oy Oulunsalo (10.3MW,6) PVO Innopower Oy Lumijoki (0.66MW,1) Lumituuli Oy Routunkari (0.66MW,1) Lumituuli Oy
    [Show full text]
  • Overview of Problems and Solutions in Fire Protection Engineering of Wind Turbines
    Overview of Problems and Solutions in Fire Protection Engineering of Wind Turbines SOLOMON UADIALE1, ÉVI URBÁN1, RICKY CARVEL1, DAVID LANGE2, and GUILLERMO REIN3 1School of Engineering University of Edinburgh, UK 2SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Sweden 3Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College London, UK ABSTRACT The wind energy industry is one of today’s leading industries in the renewable energy sector, providing an affordable and sustainable energy solution. However, the wind industry faces a number of challenges, one of which is fire and that can cast a shadow on its green credentials. The three elements of the fire triangle, fuel (oil and polymers), oxygen (wind) and ignition (electric, mechanical and lighting) are represent and confined to the small and closed compartment of the turbine nacelle. Moreover, once ignition occurs in a turbine, the chances of externally fighting the fire are very slim due to the height of the nacelle and the often remote location of the wind farm. Instances of reports about fires in wind farms are increasing, yet the true extent of the impact of fires on the energy industry on a global scale is impossible to assess. Sources of information are incomplete, biased, or contain non-publically available data. The poor statistical records of wind turbine fires are a main cause of concern and hinder any research effort in this field. This paper aims to summarise the current state of knowledge in this area by presenting a review of the few sources which are available, in order to quantify and understand the fire problem in wind energy.
    [Show full text]
  • UK Renewable Energy Data: Issue 1 (08.12.06): Vol
    UK Renewable Energy Data: Issue 1 (08.12.06): Vol. 5: Wind. 1/168 UK RENEWABLE ENERGY DATA ISSUE 1 VOLUME 5 WIND RESEARCH CONDUCTED BY OSWALD CONSULTANCY LTD 8 December 2006 Renewable Energy Foundation, 14 Buckingham Street, London, London, WC2N 6DF Tel: 020 7930 3636; Fax: 020 7930 3637; Email: [email protected]; Web: www.ref.org.uk UK Renewable Energy Data: Issue 1 (08.12.06): Vol. 5: Wind. 2/168 Introduction and Disclaimer By Campbell Dunford, CEO Renewable Energy Foundation The issues of security of supply and climate change are now being taken more seriously than ever, and public interest in renewable energy is not only strong but increasingly sophisticated. With indirect subsidy approaching £1 billion a year being channelled towards renewable energy by the government’s Renewables Obligation there is a real need for more information about the performance of the various technologies now benefitting from this support mechanism. While Ofgem publishes data concerning the issue of Renewables Obligation certificates to renewable electricity generators, the database is cumbersome and laborious to interrogate. The Renewable Energy Foundation has therefore commissioned Mr James Oswald and Mr Michael Raine of Oswald Consultancy Ltd to analyse the Ofgem database and re-present this public domain information in a user-friendly form, bringing it together with other public domain information concerning the generators. The data will be available only in electronic form, as five files: 1. Biomass and Biomass Co-firing 2. Hydropower 3. Landfill gas 4. Sewage gas 5. Windpower (on- and offshore) The analysis is based on data obtained from the Ofgem Renewables Obligation Certificate Register (http://www.rocregister.ofgem.gov.uk/main.asp).
    [Show full text]