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Afrikaans Hoort by Nederlands.Pdf Afrikaans hoort by Nederlands Ons Afrikaanse taalverdriet NEDERLANDS Zeeuws NEDERLANDSVlaams NEDERLANDS Brabants NEDERLANDSHollands Afrikaans NEDERLANDS Petrus van Eeden DANKBETUIGING Hiermee wil ek my opregte dank betuig aan die Vrije Universiteit Brussel, wat my in die geleentheid gestel het om in Vlaandere te kon studeer. Aan alle dosente van die departement Nederlands, my opregte dank vir hul bydrae tot my opleiding. Hul warm en entoesiastiese belangstelling in die heil van hul taalgenote in Suid-Afrika sal my altyd bybly. Ook wil ek drs. G.A.J. Hoppenbrouwers bedank vir die gebruik van sy programmatuur, asook sy hulp en advies. In die besonder wil ek professor R. Willemyns bedank vir sy professionele en wyse leiding as my promotor vir my Lisensiaatverhandeling. Sy warme, deeglike en onbaatsugtige hulp was my 'n onvergeetlike bron van inspirasie. ('n Gedeelte van hierdie boek het hy dus onder oë gehad, as deel van my Lisensiaatverhandeling) Laastens wil ek prof. J.C. Steyn ook bedank vir sy hartlike meelewing aan my werk asook sy besonder waardevolle positiewe kritiek en advies. Sonder sy advies sou die werk ongetwyfeld armer gewees het. Ek dank u. Opgedra aan my vrou Emma en ons seuns Kobus en Simon. Hoe cond ick U mijn broeders oyt vergeten daar wij toch zijn in eenen stronck gheplant. Marnix van Sint-Aldegonde Voorwoord Die vonk vir hierdie werk ontspring uit die taalverrassing wat my getref het met my aankoms in Vlaandere gedurende September 1991. Ek was op twee maniere verras: Ten eerste het ek die standaardtaal in Vlaandere ervaar as klinkende soos Afrikaans, maar wat Nederlands genoem word; ten tweede het ek 'tale' gehoor wat my soos Frans of Duits geklink het, maar wat ek later ook moes verneem, Nederlands heet. Hierdie werk is dan ook 'n soort van weerspieëling van my ervaring in Vlaandere, waar ek onherroeplik tot die besef gekom het dat ons volledige afskrywing van Nederlands en die opheffing van die sinonimiteit van Afrikaans en Nederlands ons in geen enkel opsig tot voordeel gestrek het nie, inteendeel. Tot hierdie besef sou ek nooit gekom het indien ek nie in Vlaandere sou gewoon het nie. So was ek onder andere die afgelope aantal jare, die meeste verras deur Afrikaners wat ek persoonlik en ook oor die televisie Nederlands hoor praat het. Ek het self ervaar, dat indien ek op versoek van vriende of familie in Suid-Afrika, 'n bietjie Nederlands moet praat sodat hulle van die andersheid kan geniet, die teleurstelling altyd duidelik op die toehoorders se gesigte af te lees was. Die Nederlands uit die mond van 'n Afrikaner, veral nog met Vlaamse Nederlands as model, klink soos Afrikaans. Dit is presies waaroor ek dit dan ook het. Nederlands uit die mond van 'n Afrikaner wil vir 'n mede-Afrikaner maar net nie soos Nederlands klink nie. Die gemiddelde Afrikaner meen dat Nederlands heel ver van Nederlands verwyder is. Die kloof tussen 'Afrikaans' en Nederlands was immers teen die einde van die vorige eeu al so groot dat daar 'duidelik' sprake was van 'n nuwe taal: Afrikaans. So het ek dit vir twaalf jaar op skool moes leer, en so het ek telkens wanneer ek die taalmonument in die Paarl met groot trots besoek het, gedink en geglo. Nadat ek vir ongeveer een jaar in Vlaandere gewoon het, het die nuutheid van Afrikaans my nie meer so nuut voorgekom nie. Die taaldiversiteit in Vlaandere is enorm groot. Hier word geen betreklik eenvormige spreektaal gebruik soos in Suid-Afrika nie. Sommige dialekte is vir ander dialeksprekers geheel onverstaanbaar. My vraag was dan ook voortdurend, dat as die taalverskeidenheid so enorm is, of Afrikaans dan nie as een van hierdie talryke dialekte van Nederlands sou kon deurgaan nie. In die eerste gedeelte van die werk spits ek my toe op die linguistiese terrein, meer bepaald die dialektologie, waar ek aantoon dat Afrikaans nie so ver van Nederlands afwyk as sommige Nederlandse dialekte nie, en daarom nie 'n aparte taal behoort te wees nie. In die res van die werk spits ek my toe op die sosiolinguistiese terrein, waarin ek aantoon dat die omstandighede wat aanleiding moes gee tot die ontstaan van Afrikaans, nie so uniek was as wat algemeen aanvaar word nie. In die laaste gedeelte dui ek op die verdriet wat ons onsself toegebring het met die volledige vervanging van Nederlands deur Standaardafrikaans as ons kultuurtaal. Hierdie werk is geen dieptestudie nie, en dit was ook nooit die bedoeling gewees nie. Dit is bloot 'n terreinverkenning. Die uiteindelike bedoeling is eerder om die gemiddelde persoon bewus daarvan te maak dat taalskeiding tussen Nederlands en Afrikaans vir ons meer verdriet inhou as enige heil. Petrus Paulus van Eeden Julie 1995, Tervuren, Vlaandere. INHOUDSOPGAWE DIE LINGUISTIESE AFSTAND TUSSEN NEDERLANDSE VARIËTEITE .................. 1 Die Berekening van Linguistiese Afstand tussen Variëteite ...................................... 6 DIE TAALPROBLEMATIEK UNIEK IN SUID-AFRIKA? .............................................. 10 Nederlands in Suid-Afrika....................................................................................... 10 Nederlands in België ............................................................................................... 31 Nederlands in Suriname .......................................................................................... 63 Quebek ................................................................................................................... 67 Amerikaans ............................................................................................................ 77 Brasiliaans .............................................................................................................. 84 Duits in Amerika .................................................................................................... 87 Jamaika en Haïti ..................................................................................................... 91 Noors ..................................................................................................................... 92 Luxemburg ............................................................................................................. 94 Swahili ................................................................................................................... 96 Gevolgtrekking ....................................................................................................... 96 DIE AFRIKAANSE BEWEGING ONDER DIE LOEP ..................................................... 99 Die 'Kunsmatige' en 'Onnatuurlike' Nederlands ........................................................ 99 Die Kloof tussen Spreek- en Skryftaal. ................................................................... 100 Nederlands te Moeilik? ........................................................................................... 109 Die Engelse Oorspoelingsgevaar ............................................................................. 112 DIE MAAKPROSES VAN AFRIKAANS ......................................................................... 115 Die Afrikaanse Beweging Buite Beheer? ................................................................. 126 REDES WAAROM AFRIKAANS AS STANDAARDTAAL VERRYS HET ................... 133 Nasionalisme .......................................................................................................... 133 Outonomie en Eie Identiteit .................................................................................... 139 Geen Stedelike Bevolking en Klein Elite ................................................................. 143 Lae Skoling ............................................................................................................ 144 Romantiek .............................................................................................................. 147 DIE TWEE LESSE ........................................................................................................... 149 Standaardtaal en Dialek .......................................................................................... 149 Eentalige Gebiede ................................................................................................... 158 TAAL EN KULTURELE BEDREIGING.......................................................................... 168 Die Tweetaligheid van die Afrikaanstalige ............................................................... 168 Die Afrikaner Hoef Niks te Vrees Nie? ................................................................... 172 Amerikaanse Kultuur .............................................................................................. 173 DIE VERHOUDING TUSSEN NEDERLANDS- EN AFRIKAANSTALIGES................. 180 PLURISENTRISITEIT VAN TALE ................................................................................. 189 DIE GEVOLGE VAN DIE AFSKRYWING VAN NEDERLANDS ................................. 191 SLOTOPMERKINGE ....................................................................................................... 203 'N OMMESIENTJIE ......................................................................................................... 210 BIBLIOGRAFIE ............................................................................................................... 211 DIE LINGUISTIESE AFSTAND TUSSEN NEDERLANDSE VARIËTEITE Inleiding Brinkman en Uys (ongedateerd:7) het 'n boek geskryf waarin die verskille tussen Afrikaans en Nederlands aan die Nederlandse publiek uitgelê is. Die outeurs beweer daarin dat Afrikaans en Nederlands
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