Groundnut Leaf Miner
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22 3 205 210 Strakh Yefrem.P65
Russian Entomol. J. 22(3): 205210 © RUSSIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 2013 New records of Elasmus Westwood, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) species from Southeast Asia Íîâûå íàõîäêè âèäîâ ðîäà Elasmus Westwood, 1833 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) èç Þãî-âîñòî÷íîé Àçèè I.S. Strakhova1, Z.A. Yefremova1, 2 È.Ñ. Ñòðàõîâà1, Ç.À. Åôðåìîâà1, 2 1 Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, 4 pl. 100-letya, Ulyanovsk 432700, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Óëüÿíîâñêèé ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé ïåäàãîãè÷åñêèé óíèâåðñèòåò, ïë. 100-ëåòèÿ, 4, Óëüÿíîâñê 432700, Ðîññèÿ. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel. Êàôåäðà çîîëîãèè, ôàêóëüòåò íàóê î æèçíè èìåíè Æîðæà Âàéçà, Òåëü-Àâèâñêèé óíèâåðñòèòåò, Èçðàèëü. KEY WORDS: Elasmus, Eulophidae, Hymenoptera, Southeast Asia. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: Elasmus, Eulophidae, Hymenoptera, Þãî-Âîñòî÷íàÿ Àçèÿ. ABSTRACT: Nine species of the genus Elasmus the present study, Elasmus species were not reported are newly recorded from continental Southeast Asia from Thailand. Elasmus brevicornis and E. johnstoni with diagnoses, distributions and remarks. E. philippi- Ferrière, 1929 are known from Myanmar (Burma) [Hert- nensis Ashmead, 1904 is re-described. A key to species ing, 1975, 1977]. Elasmus species were not found in of the genus Elasmus known from Thailand is presented. Cambodia and Laos. Seven species (Elasmus anticles Walker, 1846, E. brevicornis, E. cameroni Verma et ÐÅÇÞÌÅ: Äåâÿòü âèäîâ ðîäà Elasmus âïåðâûå Hayat, 1986, E. corbetti Ferrière, 1930, E. hyblaeae óêàçûâàþòñÿ äëÿ êîíòèíåíòàëüíîé ÷àñòè Þãî-Âîñ- Ferrière, 1929, E. nephantidis, E. philippinensis Ash- òî÷íîé Àçèè ñ äèàãíîçîì, ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèåì è êîì- mead, 1904) are known from Malaysia [Ferrière, 1930; ìåíòàðèÿìè. -
Foliar Behaviour of Biogenic Semi-Volatiles: Potential Applications in Sustainable Pest Management
Arthropod-Plant Interactions https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-019-09676-1 REVIEW PAPER Foliar behaviour of biogenic semi-volatiles: potential applications in sustainable pest management Adedayo O. Mofikoya1 · Thuy Nga T. Bui1 · Minna Kivimäenpää1 · Jarmo K. Holopainen1 · Sari J. Himanen2 · James D. Blande1 Received: 4 November 2018 / Accepted: 24 January 2019 © The Author(s) 2019 Abstract Plants emit an extremely diverse bouquet of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from their above-ground and below-ground parts. Emissions are constitutive or induced, e.g. by herbivores. VOCs can be classified as highly volatile, volatile and semi- volatile compounds. Sesquiterpenes (SQTs) are typical semi-volatile organic compounds (sVOCs) released by plants. Simi- larly, herbivore-induced homoterpenes and methyl salicylate also have relatively low volatility. SVOCs have a high boiling point (> 240 °C) and a vapour pressure below 0.005 kPa at 25 °C. Glandular trichomes on plant surfaces can store SQTs in mixtures with more volatile VOCs, which are released into the air by diffusion or after gland rupture. The sVOCs stored in glandular trichomes often have repellent effects on herbivores, while herbivore-induced sVOCs are known for their attractive- ness to natural enemies of herbivores, i.e. they act in indirect chemical defence of plants. Due to their low volatility, sVOCs produced by plants may easily adhere to the surfaces of emitter and neighbouring plants during the colder temperatures that plants face, e.g. at night. On the foliage of neighbouring receiver plants, sVOCs may act in direct and indirect defence of that plant species. When the temperature rises again, sVOCs are released into the atmosphere. -
Leafy Spurge
Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Biological Control BIOLOGY AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF LEAFY SPURGE ROB BOURCHIER, RICH HANSEN, RODNEY LYM, ANDREW NORTON, DENISE OLSON, CAROL BELL RANDALL, MARK SCHWARZLÄNDER, LUKE SKINNER U.S. Department FHTET-2005-07 Forest FHTET of Agriculture Service July, 2006 he Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team (FHTET) was created in 1995 Tby the Deputy Chief for State and Private Forestry, USDA, Forest Service, to develop and deliver technologies to protect and improve the health of American forests. This book was published by FHTET as part of the technology transfer series. http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/ a Cover photo. a) Infestation of leafy b c d spurge, Euphorbia esula, L. b) Leafy spurge hawk moth larva, Hyles eur- phorbia. c) Leafy spurge, Euphorbia e esula L. d) Leafy spurge flea beetle, Aphthona czwalinae. e) Adult Oberea erythrocephala. USDA APHIS. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call 202-720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. -
Arthropods Associated with Above-Ground Portions of the Invasive Tree, Melaleuca Quinquenervia, in South Florida, Usa
300 Florida Entomologist 86(3) September 2003 ARTHROPODS ASSOCIATED WITH ABOVE-GROUND PORTIONS OF THE INVASIVE TREE, MELALEUCA QUINQUENERVIA, IN SOUTH FLORIDA, USA SHERYL L. COSTELLO, PAUL D. PRATT, MIN B. RAYAMAJHI AND TED D. CENTER USDA-ARS, Invasive Plant Research Laboratory, 3205 College Ave., Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33314 ABSTRACT Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S. T. Blake, the broad-leaved paperbark tree, has invaded ca. 202,000 ha in Florida, including portions of the Everglades National Park. We performed prerelease surveys in south Florida to determine if native or accidentally introduced arthro- pods exploit this invasive plant species and assess the potential for higher trophic levels to interfere with the establishment and success of future biological control agents. Herein we quantify the abundance of arthropods present on the above-ground portions of saplings and small M. quinquenervia trees at four sites. Only eight of the 328 arthropods collected were observed feeding on M. quinquenervia. Among the arthropods collected in the plants adven- tive range, 19 species are agricultural or horticultural pests. The high percentage of rare species (72.0%), presumed to be transient or merely resting on the foliage, and the paucity of species observed feeding on the weed, suggests that future biological control agents will face little if any competition from pre-existing plant-feeding arthropods. Key Words: Paperbark tree, arthropod abundance, Oxyops vitiosa, weed biological control RESUMEN Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S. T. Blake ha invadido ca. 202,000 ha en la Florida, inclu- yendo unas porciones del Parque Nacional de los Everglades. Nosotros realizamos sondeos preliminares en el sur de la Florida para determinar si los artópodos nativos o accidental- mente introducidos explotan esta especie de planta invasora y evaluar el potencial de los ni- veles tróficos superiores para interferir con el establecimento y éxito de futuros agentes de control biológico. -
A Review of Leaf-Mining Insects and Control Options for Their Management, with Special Reference to Holocacista Capensis
A Review of Leaf-mining Insects and Control Options for their Management, with Special Reference to Holocacista capensis (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae) in Vineyards in South Africa L.A.I. Steyn, H. Geertsema, A.P. Malan, P. Addison* Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa Date of submission for publication: May 2020 Date of acceptance for publication: August 2020 Key words: Integrated pest management, leaf miner, biological control, grapevine A leaf-mining pest occurring on commercial varieties of Vitis vinifera in South Africa was investigated due to the presence of cocoons on fruit. The leaf miner, Holocacista capensis, was reported on grapevines in 2012. Since its discovery on commercial grape varieties, control strategies have consisted solely of insecticide applications. Despite the fact that the leaf-mining habit is taxonomically diverse and considered ancient, little is generally known of leaf-mining larvae. A review was conducted in order to better understand the leaf-mining strategy and amalgamate the current knowledge of other leaf-mining insects. The general evolutionary history within the full complement of taxa that display the leaf-mining habit is discussed. The review focuses on lepidopteran leaf-mining pests and discloses the known information associated with the first report and the impact of H. capensis in the Western Cape, South Africa. As no control methods have been identified forH. capensis in vineyards, various chemical, biological and cultural control strategies adopted for other leaf-mining pests were investigated. Control options, including the use of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), parasitoids, physical and cultural control measures, were considered and are discussed. -
Gardening for Wildlife: a Comparison of Native Plant Cultivars and Wild
GARDENING FOR WILDLIFE: A COMPARISON OF NATIVE PLANT CULTIVARS AND WILD- PROPAGATED PLANTS AS FOOD SOURCES FOR HERBIVOROUS INSECTS by JOSEPH CARLTON POYTHRESS III (Under the Direction of J. M. AFFOLTER) ABSTRACT Concerns over declining biodiversity in suburban areas have prompted some homeowners to incorporate more native plants into their landscapes. However, it is unknown whether the native plants that are commercially available, typically cultivated varieties (cultivars) of a single genotype, are the ecological equivalents of the local, wild-type plants. We compared the hemipteran communities supported by cultivars and wild-type plants for four species of native ornamental plants. Insect community composition, but not overall diversity, differed between cultivars and wild-type plants for each of the plant species. Other parameters, such as total insect abundance and insect biomass, also differed between cultivars and wild-type plants, but the direction of the difference changed over time and was not consistent among plant species. These data suggest that the source of plant material can affect organisms that depend on the plants for food, but overall, cultivars fulfill similar ecological roles as wild-type plants. INDEX WORDS: Native plants, Cultivars, Wildlife value, Biodiversity, Insect communities, Hemiptera, Plant-insect interactions, Leafhoppers, Herbivorous insects GARDENING FOR WILDLIFE: A COMPARISON OF NATIVE PLANT CULTIVARS AND WILD- PROPAGATED PLANTS AS FOOD SOURCES FOR HERBIVOROUS INSECTS by JOSEPH CARLTON POYTHRESS III -
Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Noctuidae, Alucitidae
Phelsuma 28 (2020); 60-100 Records of Lepidoptera from the Malagasy region with description of new species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Noctuidae, Alucitidae, Choreutidae, Euteliidae, Gelechiidae, Blastobasidae, Pterophoridae, Tonzidae, Tineidae, Praydidae, Cosmopterigidae, Batrachedridae). MAIK BIPPUS 193 bis CD41, 97419 La Possession, Réunion [e-mail: [email protected]] Keywords: Lepidoptera, Torticidae, Choreutidae, Alucitidae, Noctuidae, Gelechiidae, Tonzidae, Pterophoridae, Tineidae, Praydidae, Yponomeutidae, Cosmopterigidae, Batrachedridae, Mauritius, Madagascar, Réunion. Introduction Twenty-four species are described as new for science in the families of Torticidae, Choreutidae, Alucitidae, Noctuidae, Gelechiidae, Tonzidae, Tineidae, Pterophoridae, Praydidae, Yponomeutidae, Cosmopterigidae and Batrachedridae: Apotoforma smaragdina n.sp., Cydia corona n.sp., Thaumatotibia rassembi n.sp. and Thaumatotibia rochata n.sp. (Tortridae), Tebenna cornua n.sp. (Choreutidae), Megalonycta kissa n.sp. (Noctuidae), Anarsia dodonaea n.sp., Anarsia tremata n.sp., Aristotelia bicomis n.sp., Faristenia tamarinda n.sp., Dichomeris andasibea n.sp., Helcystogramma malagasy n.sp. (Gelechiidae), Agnathosia nana n.sp., Amphixystis guttata n.sp., Amphixystis patelia n.sp., Erechtias nigrocaputis n.sp., Eudarcia oceanica n.sp. (Tineidae), Tonza toga n.sp. (Tonzidae), Megalorhipida monsa n.sp. (Pterophoridae), Prays armynoti n.sp. (Praydidae), Kessleria gibeauxia n.sp., Xyrosaris canusa n.sp. (Yponomeutidae), Pyroderces spix n.sp. (Cosmopterigidae) and Batrachedra rainha n.sp. (Batrachedridae). 36 species are recorded for the first time from Réunion (two also occurring in the Seychelles islands), 2 species for Mayotte, 10 species recorded from Mauritius and 4 new species for Madagascar. New and recent host-plant records for 28 species are communicated. Synonyms: Synonymies are established for: Cosmetra spiculifera (Meyrick, 1913) with Cosmetra anthophaga Diakonoff, 1977 (syn. nov.), Amyna acuta Berio, 1959 with Amyna incertalis (Guillermet, 1992) (syn. -
Volume 2, Chapter 12-13: Terrestrial Insects: Holometabola–Lepidoptera
Glime, J. M. 2021. Terrestrial Insects: Holometabola – Lepidoptera: Micropterigoidea – Gelechioidea. Chapt. 12-13. In: Glime, 12-13-1 J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 2. Bryological Interaction. Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 16 April 2021 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology2/>. CHAPTER 12-13 TERRESTRIAL INSECTS: HOLOMETABOLA – LEPIDOPTERA: MICROPTERIGOIDEA – GELECHIOIDEA TABLE OF CONTENTS MICROPTERIGOIDEA ................................................................................................................................ 12-13-2 Micropterigidae – Mandibulate Archaid Moths...................................................................................... 12-13-2 MNESARCHAEOIDEA.............................................................................................................................. 12-13-13 Mnesarchaeidae – New Zealand Primitive Moths ................................................................................ 12-13-13 HEPIALOIDEA ........................................................................................................................................... 12-13-14 Hepialidae – Ghost Moths..................................................................................................................... 12-13-14 Paleaeosetidae – Miniature Ghost Moths.............................................................................................. 12-13-19 TINEOIDEA ............................................................................................................................................... -
United States Department of Agriculture
Bur. Ent. & P. Q. Issued December 1941 United States Department of Agriculture BUREAU OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PLANT QUARANTINE SERVICE AND REGULATORY ANNOUNCEMENTS LIST OF INTERCEPTED PLANT PESTS, 1940 (Li"st of Pests Recorded During the Period July 1, 1939, to June 30, 1940, In clusive, as Intercepted in, on, or with Plants and Plant Products Entering United States Territory.) INTRODUCTION This report, covering the twenty-seventh year for which lists of interceptions have been issued, shows a decided change in arrangement of the detailed tabular information regarding those species believed to be of sufficient interest to warrant such presentation. Under the new arrangement the detailed data are given under the names of the pests and indexed under the names of the hosts and under the countries of origin instead of being given under the countries of origin without any indexing. This change is being made so that the list will be more serviceable under present-day conditions. When the first list of interceptions was issued on February 2, 1914, covering the period July 1 to December 31, 1913, 84 percent of the interceptions listed were made by State quarantine officers. Federal quarantine inspectors were located in Washington only, and interception data were assembled and used on a country-of-origin basis. Data were so few that all could be reviewed quickly regardless of the arrangement used. Today most of the interceptions are made by Federal inspectors who are stationed at numerous maritime and border ports; interceptions are indexed in the Washington office under pest, host, and country of origin, but these files are not available to the major part of the personnel except by correspondence; and the pest-and-host relationship is more important than the country of origin, since rapid transporta tion of pests with host materials has made distribution data less stable than they were formerly. -
Morfologia E Evolução Em Vespas Parasitoides (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae: Chalcidinae)
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E NATURAIS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Morfologia e evolução em vespas parasitoides (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae: Chalcidinae) JOÃO PAULO MAIRES HOPPE Vitória, ES Dezembro, 2020 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E NATURAIS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Morfologia e evolução em vespas parasitoides (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae: Chalcidinae) JOÃO PAULO MAIRES HOPPE Orientador: Marcelo Teixeira Tavares Tese submetida ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Animal) da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do grau de Doutor em Biologia Animal Vitória, ES Dezembro, 2020 Ficha catalográfica disponibilizada pelo Sistema Integrado de Bibliotecas - SIBI/UFES e elaborada pelo autor Hoppe, João Paulo Maires, 1989- H798 HopMorfologia e evolução em vespas parasitoides (Hymenoptera: m Chalcididae: Chalcidinae) / João Paulo Maires Hoppe. - 2020. Hop154 f. : il. HopOrientador: Marcelo Teixeira Tavares. HopTese (Doutorado em Biologia Animal) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais. Hop1. Morfologia (animais). 2. Entomologia. 3. vespas. 4. Evolução (Biologia). 5. Insetos parasitos. 6. Relação hospedeiro parasito. I. Tavares, Marcelo Teixeira. II. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais. III. Título. CDU: 57 João Paulo Maires Hoppe “Morfologia e evolução em vespas parasitoides (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae: Chalcidinae)” Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas do Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, como requisito parcial para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Biologia Animal. Aprovada em 17 de dezembro de 2020. Comissão Examinadora: Prof. Dr. Marcelo Teixeira Tavares (UFES) Orientador Profa. -
A New Pest of Groundnut in South Africa
INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE INCIDENCE AND ECOLOGY OF BILOBATA SUBSECIVELLA (ZELLER) (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE), A NEW PEST OF GROUNDNUT IN SOUTH AFRICA By N.M. Buthelezi Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Discipline of Entomology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Republic of South Africa 2015 Thesis abstract The leaf-mining moth, Bilobata subsecivella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), thought to be an invasion from Indo-Asia (where it is known as Aproaerema modicella (Deventer); but hereafter referred to as B. subsecivella) has become a major pest of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and soya bean (Glycine maxi (L.) Merr.) in South Africa and Africa as a whole. Following the sudden outbreaks of B. subsecivella as a new pest of groundnut in a number of African countries, the continent has been confronted with the problem of having no information on the biology and ecology of the pest that can be used for its management/control. In this context, the main aim of the research for this thesis was to study the biology and ecology of B. subsecivella in South Africa with the main objective of obtaining information that will assist in its management as a novel pest of groundnut. To achieve this objective, several studies were carried out. First, a detection survey of B. subsecivella infestation was conducted on groundnut, soya bean and lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), the common host crops for B. subsecivella in India, at six widely separated sites in South Africa during the 2009/2010 growing season. -
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL of Marmara Gulosa GUILLÉN and DAVIS in the SAN
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF Marmara gulosa GUILLÉN AND DAVIS IN THE SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Agriculture, with Specialization in Crop Science by Crystal Allina Kirkland February 2009 © 2009 Crystal Allina Kirkland ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP TITLE: Biological control of Marmara gulosa Guillén and Davis in the San Joaquin Valley AUTHOR: Crystal Allina Kirkland DATE SUBMITTED: February 2009 COMMITTEE CHAIR: Dr. David H. Headrick, Ph.D. COMMITTEE MEMBER: Dr. Michael Costello, Ph.D. COMMITTEE MEMBER: Dr. Lauren C. Garner, Ph.D. iii ABSTRACT Biological control of Marmara gulosa Guillén and Davis in the San Joaquin Valley Crystal Allina Kirkland Peelminer, Marmara gulosa Davis and Guillén, has been reported as a sporadic pest in California and Arizona since 1998. Marmara gulosa has been a persistent pest in the San Joaquin Valley of California (USA) since 1998. Prior to 2000 the only reports of high populations of citrus peelminer were in the Coachella Valley. The larval stages of M. gulosa create serpentine mines scarring the upper epidermal layers of citrus rind, rendering it unacceptable for fresh market sale. Chemicals have failed to provide adequate control of M. gulosa; thus, the use of natural enemies is considered the best long-term option. Cirrospilus coachellae Gates (Eulophidae: Eulophinae) is an effective gregarious parasite of peelminer in the Coa- chella Valley; however, attempts to establish this species in the San Joaquin Valley have so far been unsuccessful. Other natural enemies may be necessary to control peelminer in this region.