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Commentary on the Fourth Periodic Report of the Netherlands on the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)

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Commentary on the Fourth Periodic Report of the Netherlands on the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) Commentary on the Fourth Periodic Report of the Netherlands on the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) The Netherlands, 8th August 2008 This report has been written by Chantal van den Berg, Vincent Böhre, Marije Graven, Maria Lourijsen and Dženeta Mulabegović, on behalf of the Dutch section of the International Commission of Jurists (NJCM) with contributions by the following NGOs: • Art. 1 (Dutch National Association Against Discrimination) • CG-Raad (Dutch Council for the Chronically Ill and the Disabled) • COC Nederland (Dutch Association for Integration of Homosexuality) • Defence for Children International Nederland • Johannes Wier Foundation for Health and Human Rights • Justitia et Pax Nederland • MOVISIE (Dutch Centre for Social Development) • Netwerk VN-Vrouwenverdrag (Dutch CEDAW Network) • VluchtelingenWerk Nederland (Dutch Council for Refugees) The report is further submitted on behalf of the following NGOs / IGO: • Aim for Human Rights (former Humanist Committee on Human Rights) • De Rode Draad (Dutch Prostitutes’ Rights Organisation) • LEEFtijd (Dutch Expertise Centre on Age and Life Course) • Unicef Nederland Contact information: Dutch section of the International Commission of Jurists (Nederlands Juristen Comité voor de Mensenrechten, NJCM) P.O. Box 9520 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands Phone: +31 (0)71 527 7748 Fax: +31 (0)71 527 7383 Email: [email protected] Website: www.njcm.nl i Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 COMMENTARY IN THE LIGHT OF THE PROVISIONS OF THE ICCPR ................ 1 ARTICLE 2: NON-DISCRIMINATION AND THE RIGHT TO AN EFFECTIVE REMEDY.................... 2 Judicial Review in Asylum Procedures ........................................................................... 2 The Salah Sheekh Case................................................................................................... 2 ARTICLE 7: PROHIBITION OF TORTURE AND INHUMAN OR DEGRADING TREATMENT ............. 3 The Accelerated Asylum Procedure ................................................................................ 3 Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights ....................................................... 3 Return of Asylum Seekers to Greece under the Dutch Asylum Procedure and the Dublin Regulation...................................................................................................................... 4 Safety in Youth Custodial Centres .................................................................................. 4 Human Rights Education for Police Officials ................................................................. 5 ARTICLE 8: PROHIBITION OF SLAVERY, SERVITUDE AND FORCED LABOUR ........................... 5 Assistance and Protection for Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings........................... 5 Risk of Trafficking of Minor Unaccompanied Asylum Seekers ........................................ 6 Inadequate Protection and Care Services for Minors ..................................................... 6 Lesser Protection of Migrant Prostitutes ........................................................................ 7 ARTICLE 9: RIGHT TO LIBERTY AND SECURITY OF PERSON................................................... 8 Aliens in Detention......................................................................................................... 8 The Closed Reception Centre Procedure ........................................................................ 8 Children in Alien Detention............................................................................................ 9 Children in Criminal Detention...................................................................................... 9 Expanding Criminal Law ............................................................................................... 9 100% Drugs Control at Schiphol Airport: No Alternative for Body Scan for Pregnant Women ......................................................................................................................... 10 ARTICLE 10: TREATMENT OF PERSONS DEPRIVED OF THEIR LIBERTY ................................. 10 Safety of Children in Detention .................................................................................... 10 Long Waiting Lists in PIJ Juvenile Treatment .............................................................. 10 Juveniles in Adult Prison Facilities .............................................................................. 11 Health Care in Places of Alien Detention..................................................................... 11 Health Care for Aliens Involuntarily Admitted to a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital ....... 11 ARTICLE 12: FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT.............................................................................. 13 Restrictive Measures on Persons in the Interest of National Security............................ 13 Interregional Transport for Persons with Disabilities................................................... 13 ARTICLE 13: PROHIBITION OF EXPULSION WITHOUT LEGAL GUARANTEES .......................... 14 The Accelerated Asylum Procedure .............................................................................. 14 Gender-Related Aspects in the Asylum Procedure ........................................................ 15 Children in the Asylum Procedure................................................................................ 16 The Position of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and/or Transgender Asylum Seekers................ 16 ii ARTICLE 14: RIGHT TO A FAIR AND PUBLIC HEARING ........................................................ 17 Lack of Special Protection for Children........................................................................ 17 ARTICLE 16: THE RIGHT TO RECOGNITION AS A PERSON BEFORE THE LAW......................... 18 Rights of Transgender Persons..................................................................................... 18 ARTICLE 17: RIGHT TO PRIVACY ....................................................................................... 18 Recording of Telephone Conversations ........................................................................ 18 Data Collection............................................................................................................ 19 The Act on Administrative Measures for National Security........................................... 19 Disturbance of an Individual........................................................................................ 19 ARTICLE 18: FREEDOM OF RELIGION AND BELIEF .............................................................. 20 Religious Clothing........................................................................................................ 20 Public Debate on Headscarves and Facial Veils in the Context of Rising Islamophobia20 ARTICLE 19: FREEDOM OF OPINION AND EXPRESSION ........................................................ 22 Prohibition of Blasphemy............................................................................................. 22 Non-Disclosure of Journalistic Sources........................................................................ 22 ARTICLE 22: FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION ........................................................................... 23 The Case of the Dutch Reformed Political Party (SGP)................................................ 23 ARTICLE 23: PROTECTION OF THE FAMILY ......................................................................... 25 Family Reunification.................................................................................................... 25 Return Policy ............................................................................................................... 25 Respect for Family Life under the Dutch Aliens Act: Children...................................... 25 Respect for Family Life and Domestic Violence............................................................ 26 Respect for Family Life of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities .................................. 26 Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and/or Transgender Families................................................... 26 ARTICLE 24: PROTECTION OF THE CHILD ........................................................................... 27 Child Abuse.................................................................................................................. 27 Young Homosexuals ..................................................................................................... 28 Undocumented Children and Social Assistance ............................................................ 28 Children’s Right to a Nationality.................................................................................. 28 ARTICLE 25: RIGHT TO TAKE PART IN PUBLIC AFFAIRS...................................................... 29 Political Participation of Women ................................................................................. 29 Public Participation of Women..................................................................................... 29 Equal Political Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities.......................................... 30 ARTICLE 26: PROHIBITION OF DISCRIMINATION ................................................................. 30 Discrimination on the Ground of Race or Religion......................................................
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