The Culture Hero in China: Yu the Great
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Was There a Xià Dynasty?
SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 238 May, 2013 Was There a Xià Dynasty? by Victor H. Mair with contributions by E. Bruce Brooks Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS FOUNDED 1986 Editor-in-Chief VICTOR H. MAIR Associate Editors PAULA ROBERTS MARK SWOFFORD ISSN 2157-9679 (print) 2157-9687 (online) SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series dedicated to making available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor-in-chief actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including romanized modern standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino- Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. Submissions are regularly sent out to be refereed, and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form. -
Southeast Asia
SOUTHEAST ASIA Shang Dynasty Zhou Dynasty ● Time of emergence: 1766 BC ● Time of emergence: 1046-256 BCE ● Time they were at their peak:1350 BC ● Divided into 2 different periods (Western Zhou: ● Time they were around: 1766-1122 BC 1046-771 BCE)(Eastern Zhou: 770-256 BCE) ● Time of fall: 1122 BC ● They were around for 8 centuries (800+ years) ● Time of fall: 256 BCE GEOGRAPHIC IMPACT ON SOCIETY Shang Dynasty Zhou Dynasty The Shang Dynasty controlled the North China Plain, which ● They were located west of Shang Dynasty however after corresponds to the modern day Chinese provinces of Anhui, Hebei, conquering Shang Dynasty, their borders extended as far Henan, Shandong, and Shanxi. The area that those of the Shang south as chang Jiang river and east to the Yellow sea. Dynasty lived in, under the Yellow River Valley, gave them water as These body of waters provided fertile soil for good farming well as fertile soil which helped their civilization thrive. Natural borders, and their trading increased. ● Present day location: Xi’an in Shaanxi near the Wei river such as mountains, also protected the area, making it easier to protect. and confluence of the Yellow river The Yellow River also made it easy for the people that lived there to ● They were not geographically isolated from other obtain a steady supply of water. civilizations ● They were exposed to large bodies of water POLITICAL SYSTEM AND IMPACT ON SOCIETY government Shang Dynasty Zhou Dynasty The Shang Dynasty was ruled by a ● The Zhou Dynasty ruled with a confucian social hierarchy hereditary monarchy, in which the ● The citizens were expected to follow the rules and values of confucianism government wa controlled by the king Organization: mainly, and the line of rule descended ● Had the “mandate of heaven” through the family. -
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International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education (ICADCE 2016) Ancient Emaki "Genesis" Exploration and Practice of Emaki Art Expression Tong Zhang Digital Media and Design Arts College Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing, China 100876 Abstract—The ancient myths and legends with distinctive generation creators such as A Gen, sheep and others, and a Chinese characteristics, refers to myths and legends from dedicated serial picture book magazine "Paint Heart", Chinese Xia Dynasty until ancient times, it carries the origin of "STORY" appears, the delicate picture and vivid story make Chinese culture and it is the foundation of the Chinese nation, it Chinese picture book also developing rapidly and has formed a influence the formation and its characteristics of the national national reading faction craze for outstanding picture books. spirit to a large extent. The study explore and practice the art expression which combines ancient culture with full visual 1) Picture book traced back to ancient Chinese Emaki: impact Emaki form, learn traditional Chinese painting China has experienced a few stages include ancient Emaki, techniques and design elements, and strive to make a perfect illustrated book in Republican period and modern picture performance for the magnificent majestic ancient myth with a books. "Picture book", although the term originated in Japan, long Emaki. It provides a fresh visual experience to the readers and promotes the Chinese traditional culture, with a certain but early traceable picture books is in China. In Heian research value. Kamakura Period Japanese brought Buddhist scriptures (Variable graph), Emaki (Lotus Sutra) and other religious Keywords—ancient myths; Emaki form; Chinese element Scriptures as picture books back to Japan, until the end of Middle Ages Emaki had developed into Nara picture books. -
How Geography "Mapped" East Asia, Part One: China by Craig Benjamin, Big History Project, Adapted by Newsela Staff on 01.26.17 Word Count 1,354 Level 1020L
How Geography "Mapped" East Asia, Part One: China By Craig Benjamin, Big History Project, adapted by Newsela staff on 01.26.17 Word Count 1,354 Level 1020L TOP: The Stalagmite Gang peaks at the East Sea area of Huangshan mountain in China. Photo by: Education Images/UIG via Getty Images MIDDLE: Crescent Moon Lake and oasis in the middle of the desert. Photo by: Tom Thai, Flickr. BOTTOM: Hukou Waterfall in the Yellow River. Photo by: Wikimedia The first in a two-part series In what ways did geography allow for the establishment of villages and towns — some of which grew into cities — in various regions of East Asia? What role did climate play in enabling powerful states and civilizations to appear in some areas while other locations remained better suited for a nomadic lifestyle? Let's begin to answer these questions with a story about floods in China. China's two great rivers — the Yangtze and the Yellow — have flooded regularly for as long as we can measure in the historical and geological record. Catastrophic floodwaters This article is available at 5 reading levels at https://newsela.com. Nothing can compare, though, to the catastrophic floods of August 19, 1931. The Yangtze river rose an astonishing 53 feet above its normal level in just one day. It unleashed some of the most destructive floodwaters ever seen. The floods were caused by a "perfect storm" of conditions. Monsoon rains, heavy snowmelt, and unexpected rains pounded huge areas of southern China. All this water poured into the Yangtze. The river rose and burst its banks for hundreds of miles. -
Confucianism, "Cultural Tradition" and Official Discourses in China at the Start of the New Century
China Perspectives 2007/3 | 2007 Creating a Harmonious Society Confucianism, "cultural tradition" and official discourses in China at the start of the new century Sébastien Billioud Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/2033 DOI : 10.4000/chinaperspectives.2033 ISSN : 1996-4617 Éditeur Centre d'étude français sur la Chine contemporaine Édition imprimée Date de publication : 15 septembre 2007 ISSN : 2070-3449 Référence électronique Sébastien Billioud, « Confucianism, "cultural tradition" and official discourses in China at the start of the new century », China Perspectives [En ligne], 2007/3 | 2007, mis en ligne le 01 septembre 2010, consulté le 14 novembre 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/2033 ; DOI : 10.4000/chinaperspectives.2033 © All rights reserved Special feature s e v Confucianism, “Cultural i a t c n i e Tradition,” and Official h p s c r Discourse in China at the e p Start of the New Century SÉBASTIEN BILLIOUD This article explores the reference to traditional culture and Confucianism in official discourses at the start of the new century. It shows the complexity and the ambiguity of the phenomenon and attempts to analyze it within the broader framework of society’s evolving relation to culture. armony (hexie 和谐 ), the rule of virtue ( yi into allusions made in official discourse, we are interested de zhi guo 以德治国 ): for the last few years in another general and imprecise category: cultural tradi - Hthe consonance suggested by slogans and tion ( wenhua chuantong ) or traditional cul - 文化传统 themes mobilised by China’s leadership has led to spec - ture ( chuantong wenhua 传统文化 ). ((1) However, we ulation concerning their relationship to Confucianism or, are excluding from the domain of this study the entire as - more generally, to China’s classical cultural tradition. -
Hunan Flood Management Sector Project: Xiangtan City Resettlement
Resettlement Plan December 2014 PRC: Hunan Flood Management Sector Project Resettlement Plan and Due Diligence Report for Xiangtan City (Non-Core Subproject) Prepared by Hunan Hydro and Power Design Institute for the Hunan Provincial Project Management Office (PMO) of Urban Flood Control Project in Hilly Region Utilizing ADB Loans, Xiangtan City PMO of Urban Flood Control Project Utilizing ADB Loans, and the Asian Development Bank. GSDS Certificate Grade A No.180105-sj GSDK Certificate Grade A No.180105-kj GZ Certificate Grade A No. 1032523001 SBZ Certificate Grade A No. 027 Hunan Province Xiangtan City Urban Flood Control Project Utilizing ADB Loans Resettlement Plan and Due Diligence Report (Final version) Hunan Provincial PMO of Urban Flood Control Project in Hilly Region Utilizing ADB Loans Xiangtan City PMO of Urban Flood Control Project Utilizing ADB Loans Hunan Hydro and Power Design Institute December, 2014 i Approved by : Xiao Wenhui Ratified by: Zhang Kejian Examined by: Xie Dahu Checked by: Tan Lu Compiled by: Liu Hongyan Main Designers: Ouyang Xiongbiao Guan Yaohui Zhao Gengqiang Tan Lu Liu Hongyan Teng Yan Zhou Kai Jin Hongli Huang Bichen ii Contents Updated Info……………………………………………………………………………………………………………i Objectives of Resettlement Plan & Definition of Resettlement Vocabulary……………………………….1 Executive Summary .....................................................................................................................................3 A. STATUS OF RESETTLEMENT PLAN .................................................................................................................................... -
T H E a Rt a N D a Rc H a E O L O Gy O F a N C I E Nt C H I
china cover_correct2pgs 7/23/04 2:15 PM Page 1 T h e A r t a n d A rc h a e o l o g y o f A n c i e nt C h i n a A T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E The Art and Archaeology of Ancient China A T E A C H ER’S GUI DE PROJECT DIRECTOR Carson Herrington WRITER Elizabeth Benskin PROJECT ASSISTANT Kristina Giasi EDITOR Gail Spilsbury DESIGNER Kimberly Glyder ILLUSTRATOR Ranjani Venkatesh CALLIGRAPHER John Wang TEACHER CONSULTANTS Toni Conklin, Bancroft Elementary School, Washington, D.C. Ann R. Erickson, Art Resource Teacher and Curriculum Developer, Fairfax County Public Schools, Virginia Krista Forsgren, Director, Windows on Asia, Atlanta, Georgia Christina Hanawalt, Art Teacher, Westfield High School, Fairfax County Public Schools, Virginia The maps on pages 4, 7, 10, 12, 16, and 18 are courtesy of the Minneapolis Institute of Arts. The map on page 106 is courtesy of Maps.com. Special thanks go to Jan Stuart and Joseph Chang, associate curators of Chinese art at the Freer and Sackler galleries, and to Paul Jett, the museum’s head of Conservation and Scientific Research, for their advice and assistance. Thanks also go to Michael Wilpers, Performing Arts Programmer, and to Christine Lee and Larry Hyman for their suggestions and contributions. This publication was made possible by a grant from the Freeman Foundation. The CD-ROM included with this publication was created in collaboration with Fairfax County Public Schools. It was made possible, in part, with in- kind support from Kaidan Inc. -
A City with Many Faces: Urban Development in Pre-Modern China (C
A city with many faces: urban development in pre-modern China (c. 3000 BC - AD 900) WANG TAO Introduction Urbanism is an important phenomenon in human history. Comparative studies have, however, shown that each city possesses its own characteristics within a particular historical context. The fundamental elements that determine the construction and functions of a city, such as the economic, political, military and religious factors, play different roles in different cases. In other words, each city may potentially be unique. Modern scholars have now realised that the most appropriate way to approach a city is to approach it in its own cultural tradition. To understand the cultures of different cities and the idea of urbanism and its manifestations in various contexts, we must consider the experiences and feelings of the people who lived in these cities rather than just the half-buried city walls and broken roof tiles. In this chapter I will examine different models and the crucial stages of urbanisation in pre-modern China, mainly from an archaeological perspective, but also in conjunction with some contemporary historical sources. The aim is to reveal a general pattern, if there is one, and the key elements that underlay the development of Chinese cities from 3000 BC to AD 900. The ideal city and some basic terms: cheng/yi, du, guo, she, jiao, li/fang, shi A good way to detect what people think of their cities is to find out what they call them. The most common word in the Chinese language for city is cheng, meaning a walled settlement. -
Emperor Yu's Flood
INSIGHTS on September 6, 2016 http://science.sciencemag.org/ PERSPECTIVES Downloaded from ANTHROPOLOGY Emperor Yu’s Great Flood Geological data provide support for a legendary flood in China ~4000 years ago By David R. Montgomery with the major cultural transition from the older myth or propaganda to justify the Late Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age in centralized power of imperial rule (1, 3). e know of the legendary Emperor China and that also helps explain curious In contrast to the hero of another well- Yu through the story of China’s details of Yu’s story. known flood story, Yu is not heralded for Great Flood, a tale already an- According to folk tradition, the story of surviving a great deluge sent by an angry cient when first recorded around Yu’s Great Flood is an oral history of real god. Rather, the story tells of how he di- 1000 BCE (1). On page 579 of this disaster, handed down for a millennium be- rected efforts to dredge and channel rivers issue, Wu et al. offer a provocative fore entering written records. However, in to drain the floodwaters (3). It casts this Wnew explanation for this story. They pre- the absence of geological evidence for such sent evidence for an enormous landslide a flood, some scholars have argued that the Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, dam break 1922 ± 28 BCE (2) that coincided story is either a historicized version of an WA 98195, USA. Email: [email protected] COLLECTION BIGELOW WILLIAM STURGIS IMAGE: 538 5 AUGUST 2016 • VOL 353 ISSUE 6299 sciencemag.org SCIENCE Published by AAAS Battling the Great Flood. -
Industry and Regulatory Overview
INDUSTRY AND REGULATORY OVERVIEW Unless otherwise indicated, the information in the section below has been derived, in part, from various official government publications. We believe that the sources of this information are appropriate sources for such information and have taken reasonable care in extracting and reproducing such information. We have no reason to believe that such information is false or misleading or that any fact has been omitted that would render such information false or misleading. The information has not been independently verified by us, the Sponsor, the Bookrunner, the Lead Manager, the Underwriters, any of their respective directors, officers or representatives, or any other party involved in the Share Offer and no representation is given as to its accuracy. Industry Overview 1. THE ECONOMY OF CHINA AND HUNAN PROVINCE Hunan, strategically located in central China with connectivity to all directions, is a major resources and product interchange centre and transport hub in China. According to “Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on the Promotion of the Rise of the Central Region” (Zhong Fa No.10 (2006)) (《中共中央國務院關於促進中部地區崛起的 若干意見》（中發 [2006]10號）), by carrying out strategies to promote the rise of the central region, the State clearly requested to develop the central region of China into major “three bases and one hub” of the country, namely stable food production base, energy and raw materials base, high-tech industry and modern equipment manufacturing base, and integrated transport hub. At -
Handbook of Chinese Mythology TITLES in ABC-CLIO’S Handbooks of World Mythology
Handbook of Chinese Mythology TITLES IN ABC-CLIO’s Handbooks of World Mythology Handbook of Arab Mythology, Hasan El-Shamy Handbook of Celtic Mythology, Joseph Falaky Nagy Handbook of Classical Mythology, William Hansen Handbook of Egyptian Mythology, Geraldine Pinch Handbook of Hindu Mythology, George Williams Handbook of Inca Mythology, Catherine Allen Handbook of Japanese Mythology, Michael Ashkenazi Handbook of Native American Mythology, Dawn Bastian and Judy Mitchell Handbook of Norse Mythology, John Lindow Handbook of Polynesian Mythology, Robert D. Craig HANDBOOKS OF WORLD MYTHOLOGY Handbook of Chinese Mythology Lihui Yang and Deming An, with Jessica Anderson Turner Santa Barbara, California • Denver, Colorado • Oxford, England Copyright © 2005 by Lihui Yang and Deming An All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yang, Lihui. Handbook of Chinese mythology / Lihui Yang and Deming An, with Jessica Anderson Turner. p. cm. — (World mythology) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-57607-806-X (hardcover : alk. paper) — ISBN 1-57607-807-8 (eBook) 1. Mythology, Chinese—Handbooks, Manuals, etc. I. An, Deming. II. Title. III. Series. BL1825.Y355 2005 299.5’1113—dc22 2005013851 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an eBook. Visit abc-clio.com for details. ABC-CLIO, Inc. 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116–1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper. -
Warlord Era” in Early Republican Chinese History
Mutiny in Hunan: Writing and Rewriting the “Warlord Era” in Early Republican Chinese History By Jonathan Tang A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Professor Wen-hsin Yeh, Chair Professor Peter Zinoman Professor You-tien Hsing Summer 2019 Mutiny in Hunan: Writing and Rewriting the “Warlord Era” in Early Republican Chinese History Copyright 2019 By Jonathan Tang Abstract Mutiny in Hunan: Writing and Rewriting the “Warlord Era” in Early Republican Chinese History By Jonathan Tang Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Wen-hsin Yeh, Chair This dissertation examines a 1920 mutiny in Pingjiang County, Hunan Province, as a way of challenging the dominant narrative of the early republican period of Chinese history, often called the “Warlord Era.” The mutiny precipitated a change of power from Tan Yankai, a classically trained elite of the pre-imperial era, to Zhao Hengti, who had undergone military training in Japan. Conventional histories interpret this transition as Zhao having betrayed his erstwhile superior Tan, epitomizing the rise of warlordism and the disintegration of traditional civilian administration; this dissertation challenges these claims by showing that Tan and Zhao were not enemies in 1920, and that no such betrayal occurred. These same histories also claim that local governance during this period was fundamentally broken, necessitating the revolutionary party-state of the KMT and CCP to centralize power and restore order. Though this was undeniably a period of political turmoil, with endemic low-level armed conflict, this dissertation juxtaposes unpublished material with two of the more influential histories of the era to show how this narrative has been exaggerated to serve political aims.