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INSIDE:• New robot to assist in Chornobyl’s stabilization — page 3. • Ukraine: one nation, two languages, three cultures? — page 8. • Ukrainian folk art on philatelic issues — page 10.

Published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profit association Vol. LXVII HE KRAINIANNo. 23 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 EEKLY$1.25/$2 in Ukraine T UTkachenko accepts Peasants PartyW nomination for president Ukrainian World Congress by Roman Woronowycz Kyiv Press Bureau begins to assert its role KYIV – Verkhovna Rada Chairman Oleksander Tkachenko, who had repeatedly stated that he had no desire to run for the presidency, on May 29 accepted the nomination of his Peasants as voice of Ukrainians Party to be its candidate, an announcement that has thrown the by Andrij Kudla Wynnyckyj political left into further disarray. Toronto Press Bureau Mr. Tkachenko said after his unanimous nomination at the TORONTO – The first plenary party’s congress that he felt he had no other option but to heed meeting of the Ukrainian World the call of his party. Congress Secretariat was held at its “I must be able to face my fellow party members, citizens headquarters on May 14-15 and, and the electorate,” said Mr. Tkachenko after his nomination. judging from the report of President The Parliament speaker also said he was spurred to run by Askold Lozynskyj, the umbrella recent statements made by President Leonid Kuchma that the body is furthering his vision of the president might consider dismissing the current Parliament UWC as a voice for embattled should he get re-elected. Ukrainians around the world. “I became more inclined to such a decision after the presi- On April 26, the UWC sent a nine- dent declared two weeks ago his intention to disband the point document outlining diasporan Verkhovna Rada should he get re-elected,” explained Mr. concerns to Ukrainian President Tkachenko. Leonid Kuchma, Verkhovna Rada Responding to Mr. Tkachenko’s remarks in an interview for Chairman Oleksander Tkachenko and Interfax-Ukraine, President Kuchma called the Parliament the other candidates in this fall’s presi- chairman’s allegation “nonsense.” He also stated that he had dential elections (Oleksander Moroz, never doubted Mr. Tkachenko would run. Yevhen Marchuk and Hennadii The decision by the Verkhovna Rada leader to enter the pres- Udovenko), excluding Natalia idential horse race gives the political left a fifth candidate, Vitrenko. which will now make it nearly impossible for them to present a In the first point, the UWC united front. Members of the three leading parties of the left, Efrem Lukatsky asserted its claim as the sole repre- the Communists, the Socialists and the Peasants, had hoped to Oleksander Tkachenko at the Peasants Party Congress, sentative of the diaspora. “Relations join forces and put forward a single nominee, which would where he was unanimously approved as the party’s candidate should be engaged directly between have given them a strong chance at victory, given the high voter for president of Ukraine. Ukraine’s government structures turnout rate among their supporters and the strict party disci- and the UWC; other interventions pline among their members. ground will be found is another matter, but we will unite and are unnecessary,” the memo read. They had hoped that Mr. Tkachenko, by staying out of the make the best decision in order to fulfill the hopes of the peo- In the second point, the UWC race, would have been the decisive influence on who would ple.” affirmed that the same protections carry the leftist banner. But even as the Peasants’ nominee pronounced that a united that Ukraine affords its minorities Now each party has its own nominee – Petro Symonenko leftist front is still possible, the Socialist candidate said the should be extended to Ukrainian from the Communist Party, Oleksander Moroz from the Tkachenko candidacy “has seriously changed the situation in minorities in the Russia, Poland, Socialist Party and Mr. Tkachenko from the Peasants Party – the alignment of political forces.” Belarus, Romania, Slovakia and and although all have held out hope that they may still agree on Mr. Moroz said, “Earlier Tkachenko had declared that he elsewhere. a single candidate from among them, that option is becoming would not engage in ‘such a stupid thing’ as a presidential cam- In the third point, the UWC increasingly remote. paign. Following those statements, presidential hopefuls praised the Ukrainian government’s “The three candidates from the leftist forces will find com- resettlement program which mon ground,” said Mr. Tkachenko. “At what stage this common (Continued on page 4) reversed the Soviet deportation of Crimean Tatars, and encouraged Kyiv to mount a similar effort to bring about the return of Ukrainians Omelchenko overwhelmingly elected as mayor of Kyiv to Ukraine from lands to which they by Roman Woronowycz Ukraine’s most historic and treasured cultural symbols, the St. were deported. Kyiv Press Bureau Michael Golden-Domed Cathedral and the Uspenskyi Sobor In the fifth point, the UWC (Dormition Cathedral) located in the Pecherska Lavra (Monastery called for a ban on political parties KYIV – In a race that ended up being even more one-sided than of the Caves) complex. whose members advocate measures the winner had predicted, the residents of Ukraine’s capital city He spruced up the city, directed the renovation of historic apart- inimical to Ukraine’s independence elected Oleksander Omelchenko as their mayor on May 30. ment buildings and repaved many streets. and territorial integrity. It was the first time Kyivans had a chance to pick the leader of Mr. Surkis unsuccessfully attempted to paint Mr. Omelchenko’s The remaining points included their city, but only 49 percent of the residents came out to vote. changes as mostly cosmetic and harped on his lack of attention to demands for official recognition of They chose the 60-year-old Mr. Omelchenko by a landslide. He veterans of the Ukrainian Insurgent the outlying city districts, where he said nothing had changed. received a whopping 76.4 percent support, while his closest com- Although neither candidate has divulged the cost of his election Army, the Organization of Ukrainian petitor, 49-year-old millionaire businessman and politician Hryhorii Nationalists and the 1st Division of campaign, both utilized lavish techniques to draw voters. Mr. Surkis Surkis, who owns the Kyiv Dynamo soccer club, could muster only brought in popular Russian rock and pop singers for free concerts at the Ukrainian National Army; expres- 16.5 percent. Although most pre-election polls had predicted a com- sions of concern that the use of his Dynamo Stadium. In political advertisements on television and fortable win for Mr. Omelchenko, they pegged his support at in his public appearances he used his soccer team, which went to Ukrainian as the state language was between 60 percent and 65 percent. being selectively enforced, that the the European soccer semifinals this year, as an example of what he The election campaign was basically a two-man race. The rest of could do for the city as well. defunct USSR’s state symbols were the field of 27 candidates, with one exception, did not gather even 1 still being used by certain govern- Mr. Omelchenko, who had the advantage of being the head of percent of the vote individually. ment agencies and that “Soviet holi- the Kyiv City Administration, used his office to organize expensive Mr. Omelchenko ran as the man who had returned to Kyiv its days” were being officially celebrat- May Day and Victory Day celebrations in the city center in the past beauty. In the last two years Mr. Omelchenko undertook ambi- weeks prior to the elections. He also imposed his political weight to (Continued on page 4) tious construction projects that included the renovation of Kyiv’s main boulevard, the Khreschatyk, and reconstruction of two of (Continued on page 4) 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 No. 23

NEWS ANALYSIS NEWSBRIEFSNEWSBRIEFS Crimean Tatars end protests after demands are met Donetsk death toll increases Petru Lucinschi, on May 31 told visiting Ukrainian Vice Prime Minister Serhii by Lily Hyde should be set aside for them in the DONETSK – Seven more coal miners Tyhypko that economic cooperation must RFE/RL Newsline autonomous republic’s Parliament. They who were injured on May 24 in the under- be intensified on both the bilateral and the also demand that their language be granted ground methane explosion at the Zasiadko A group of Crimean Tatars ended regional levels by providing for the estab- the status of a state language and that more mine in Donetsk have died, bringing the lishment of free trade zones with Romania protests in the regional capital, Symferopol, Tatar schools be established. At the death toll to 48. Ten miners were still in last week, taking down tents that had ringed and Poland, Infotag reported. President moment, according to Tatar organizations, serious condition after being injured in the Lucinschi said Moldova will back government buildings. That move came there are only six schools for 39,000 Tatar explosion that instantly killed 39, a after Mustafa Jemilev, leader of the Mejlis Ukraine’s bid for a seat on the U.N. children. The Ukrainian Constitution guar- spokesman of the local labor safety depart- Security Council, and he praised Kyiv for (the Crimean Tatar political council), antees all national minorities the right to use ment said. The explosion was Ukraine’s its contribution toward helping resolve the announced key demands had been met by and to study in their own language. worst mine disaster in more than a year. Transdniester conflict. RFE/RL’s Chisinau Crimean Prime Minister Sergei Kunitsin. The Mejlis, which has no official stand- (Eastern Economist) bureau reported on the same day that Mr. Jemilev said the agreement will allow ing, is demanding that it be recognized as First congress of Russians convenes Ukraine has again cut electricity supplies to Crimean Tatars to own land and open their the council of the Tatar people. Mejlis Moldova, whose debt has risen to $16 mil- own schools. They were also allowed to set member Kurtveli Khiyasidonov says that KYIV – The first congress of Russian lion. (RFE/RL Newsline) up a council representing their interests. would be a step toward restoring the situa- residents of Ukraine elected a representative The concessions follow a similar agree- tion before World War II, when Tatars body, the Russian Council of Ukraine IMF OKs new funds for Ukraine ment reached by Mr. Jemilev in talks with enjoyed a special status. “Let us be a minor- (RCU), and approved its policy paper, the President Leonid Kuchma in Kyiv in mid- KYIV – The International Monetary ity,” he says, “but there should be national Manifesto, on May 23. The Manifesto Fund on May 27 approved the release of a May. After those talks, Mr. Kuchma issued autonomy because up to the war there was stresses that the RCU’s major task is to con- $180 million tranche of its $2.2 billion loan a presidential decree setting up an official such autonomy and now [the authorities] solidate the forces of public, cultural and to Ukraine, Reuters reported. It also Council of Representatives of the Crimean won’t grant it. Other nationalities [repre- human-rights organizations to ensure a endorsed Ukraine’s request for an extra Tatar people, with Mr. Jemilev as chairman. sented on the peninsula] – Greeks, wider involvement of the 12 million $366 million in financial support. “In view Part of the committee’s mandate is to Armenians, Bulgarians and so forth – have Russians living in Ukraine in all spheres of of the country’s heavy debt service obliga- resolve the question of the status of the their own state, where their language devel- political life. (Eastern Economist) tions, Ukraine’s economic recovery will Mejlis and the Kurultai, the Tatar congress. ops, their culture can develop. We don’t require the continued involvement of pri- Obschina supports autonomy for oblasts The agreement with President Kuchma have that except for Crimea. And we can vate creditors. A collaborative solution to followed massive demonstrations, organ- develop only in Crimea.” LUHANSK – A meeting of voters took Ukraine’s debt service must be found in line ized by the Mejlis, in which an estimated Last month’s protest march not only place in Luhansk on May 23 to discuss with Ukraine’s capacity to pay,” the fund 18,000 Crimean Tatars converged on highlighted current grievances but also whether it is reasonable to demand national, said in a statement. The news agency added Symferopol to protest discrimination. commemorated the forced deportations the cultural and economic autonomy for eastern that the fund wants Ukraine to use IMF The Tatars constitute just 12 percent of Crimean Tatars endured 55 years ago. and southern Ukraine. “The independence money to repay debts to private creditors. the Crimean population, but their cause car- Highlighting the rights of the Tatars, received by Ukraine has had a negative (RFE/RL Newsline) ries great weight in view of the history of however, is seen by many, especially effect on the development of east- and Romanian president visits Ukraine the peninsula. The Tatars were deported en Russians and Ukrainians, as stirring up eth- south-Ukrainian regions,” said Volodymyr masse from their Crimean homeland during nic tension. Events in Kosovo were not far Luzganov, deputy chair of the Russkaia CHERNIVTSI – Romania’s president, World War II on the orders of Joseph Stalin, from the minds of many who took part in Obschina (Russian Community) regional Emil Constantinescu, on May 28 visited who accused them of collaborating with the the rally and those who observed it. One organization. The meeting discussed 20 Chernivtsi, capital of the Bukovyna region, Nazis. Between one third and one half of Tatar banner called Crimean Parliament principles of cultural and economic autono- which is home to approximately 460,000 them died on the way to exile in Central Chairman Leonid Hrach a “mini- my. It elected an organizing committee to ethnic Romanians. Thousands of people Asia. Many Tatars have returned to Crimea Milosevic,” and speakers drew parallels hold a referendum on the idea of a cultural waving Romanian flags came out to greet since the 1980s, but they continue to suffer between recent actions against the Kosovars and economic autonomy. (Eastern Mr. Constantinescu, the first Romanian from political and economic discrimination. and the deportation of the Tatars in 1944. Economist) head of state to visit the area in 60 years. Only half of the returned Tatar popula- Ukrainians and Russians on the streets “Relations between Romania and Ukraine, tion has gained Ukrainian citizenship and, said they were afraid and angry at what they Ukraine faces rush on sugar as well as those between our ethnic groups therefore, the right to vote. This means that called “agitation.” Many resent the Tatar can be an example for the world,” Reuters towns that have sprung up throughout the KYIV – Vice Minister of the Economy Tatars are underrepresented in both Viktor Kalnyk on May 31 said increased quoted President Constantinescu as saying. Ukrainian and Crimean political institu- peninsula, putting a strain on Crimea’s Mr. Constantinescu and President Leonid already weak infrastructure. And, although demand for sugar and other foodstuffs has tions. Tatars argue that a number of seats forced the government to impose retail Kuchma of Ukraine inaugurated a a representative from the Ukrainian Romanian Consulate in Chernivtsi. A day Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate spoke price regulations. According to Mr. Kalnyk, Lily Hyde is a Kyiv-based correspondent demand for sugar increased following earlier, Presidents Kuchma and for RFE/RL. (Continued on page 17) rumors of sugar shortages and low expecta- Constantinescu had met in Kyiv to discuss tions for this year’s crop following April’s cooperation on border demarcation. “We ground frosts. He said the government rec- have made good progress in resolving the ommends that local administration bodies question of border demarcation,” the FOR THE RECORD: Statement introduce “temporary” price regulations on Associated Press quoted Mr. Kuchma as sugar, bread, cooking oil and flour. He saying. The agency added, however, that no of Central European presidents added that the government will also sell a “major breakthrough” had been achieved part of its sugar reserves. (RFE/RL on the issue. Ukraine and Romania disagree Newsline) on how to demarcate a part of the continen- Below is the text of the statement by We attach special importance to the tal shelf in the Black Sea where large oil presidents of the Central European coun- U.N. Security Council in resolving the Ukraine’s vice prime minister in Moldova and gas deposits are believed to be located. tries – Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Kosovo crisis in cooperation with other Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland, relevant international organizations. CHISINAU – Moldova’s president, (Continued on page 16) Romania, Slovenia and Ukraine – issued The countries bordering the area of on May 15 in Lviv. (The text was conflict are exposed to severe burdens released by Embassy of Ukraine in because of the recent developments. We FOUNDED 1933 Canada.) recognize the contribution made by those countries to alleviate human suffering. HE KRAINIAN EEKLY We the presidents of the Central Extraordinary work has been done by TAn English-languageU newspaperW published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., European countries, strongly condemn international relief agencies, especially a non-profit association, at 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054. the systematic terror in Kosovo, cruelties the United Nations High Commissioner Yearly subscription rate: $50; for UNA members — $40. against children, rapes, robberies and for Refugees and the International Periodicals postage paid at Parsippany, NJ 07054 and additional mailing offices. expulsions which are used as the means Committee of the Red Cross. (ISSN — 0273-9348) for ethnic cleansing. We must not limit ourselves to cop- We express our sorrow for the victims ing with the short-term aspects of the Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language weekly newspaper and for the suffering of innocent civilians crisis. Lasting peace in South-Eastern (annual subscription fee: $50; $40 for UNA members). in the whole of the Federal Republic of Europe will only be possible if a The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: Yugoslavia. future of democracy, civil society, Tel: (973) 292-9800; Fax: (973) 644-9510 Tel: (973) 292-9800; Fax: (973) 292-0900 We welcome all international contri- prosperity, and security is offered to butions to bring this grave crisis to a this region. A high-level conference on Postmaster, send address Editor-in-chief: Roma Hadzewycz quick end. We call on the government in South-Eastern Europe should elabo- changes to: Editors: Roman Woronowycz (Kyiv) Belgrade to undertake the commitments rate a Stability Pact, including a com- The Ukrainian Weekly Andrij Kudla Wynnyckyj (Toronto) which the international community prehensive strategy for the stabiliza- 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280 Irene Jarosewich demands as a precondition for a peaceful tion of the entire region through eco- Parsippany, NJ 07054 Ika Koznarska Casanova solution and which have been called for, nomic reconstruction, the promotion in particular by the ministers of foreign of democracy, and inclusion in The Ukrainian Weekly Archive: www.ukrweekly.com affairs of the G-8 countries on their state- European integration and the Euro- The Ukrainian Weekly, June 6, 1999, No. 23, Vol. LXVII ment of May 6, 1999. Atlantic structures. Copyright © 1999 The Ukrainian Weekly No. 23 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 3 New robot to help stabilize environment around stricken Chornobyl reactor

by Roman Woronowycz Valentyn Kupnyi, director of the No. 4 Kyiv Press Bureau reactor shelter, told reporters after the Pioneer demonstration that he would not PRYPIAT — The U.S. Department of answer any questions regarding the robot Energy demonstrated a mobile robot here until it had been put through a series of on May 17 that they hope will be able to tests by his team. enter the radioactively poisoned environs The only accolade he would give the of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant’s Pioneer was to say that it was an exam- No. 4 reactor, which has remained sealed ple of the intensive and fruitful coopera- in a concrete sarcophagus since the reac- tion between two countries and their tor exploded 13 years ago. ministries. Although not related to the Shelter Even Red Zone Robotics Vice- Implementation Plan (SIP) signed in President Bruce Thompson indicated that December 1995 by Ukraine, the European he could not be sure what the future Union and the G-7 states, which lays the holds for the Pioneer robot at Chornobyl. groundwork for sealing the quickly deteri- “We are still working to determine when orating outer covering, the robot is part of and what the first mission will be,” said stepped-up activities at the Chornobyl site Mr. Thompson. to finally stabilize the environment around the damaged reactor. Reconstruction of the sarcophagus It is now estimated that 30 to 50 tons Approximately $400 million of the of radioactive materials still remain with- estimated $758 million that is needed to in the nuclear power plant that was the put a new shelter around the stricken scene of the worst nuclear accident in reactor has been raised, and the history when it blew on April 26, 1986, European Bank for Reconstruction and sending tons of radioactive debris into Development has promised to grant more the atmosphere and around the globe. money, which SIP officials hope will The newest estimates put the amount of amount to between $120 million and 160 fissile material at nearly 10 times what million in the next several months. was thought to exist even a couple of Mr. Kupnyi explained that, while years ago. 1998 was a year of planning and design, It is hoped that the robot, a futuristic- actual reconstruction of the crumbling looking, tracked, mechanical vehicle sarcophagus would begin in the second with radiation-resistant casing, will suc- part of 1999. cessfully withstand the electromagnetic “In the last five months we have seen and gamma rays and other radioactivity a desire on the part of the foreign that fills the sarcophagus. Its function is investors to get down to the actual to produce a three-dimensional map of work,” said Mr. Kupnyi. the interior of the crippled reactor and its The engineering and design stage of crumbling protective shell, and to take the implementation program, although material samples of the sarcophagus slightly delayed because of organization- walls and floors. al problems, is about halfway through its The developers of the vehicle, two-year planned duration. dubbed the Pioneer, claim it is the first Armand Langmo, co-director of Roman Woronowycz vehicle ever developed that is able to Project Management Unit, the three- Pioneer, a radiation-resistant robot, is introduced in the shadow of the Chornobyl withstand megadoses of radiation and company consultant consortium consist- nuclear power plant. still operate. ing of Bechtel, Electricité de France and “Pioneer will be able to operate in Battelle that is directing the engineering explained Mr. Langmo at a June 2 press ing, remain structurally sound, they have work environments with radiation fields stage, said workers will soon begin one conference in Kyiv. “It is urgent that we less faith in the beams. They most fear a many times the lethal dose for humans,” aspect of the initial phase of reconstruc- stabilize these beams so that there is not natural calamity, such as an earthquake, said U.S. Deputy Secretary of Energy T. tion to strengthen and stabilize the major a roof collapse of the shelter.” which could cause the beams to shift and J. Gaulthier, who was on hand for the beams that support the roof of the struc- Mr. Langmo said the threat of collapse lead to a collapse of the roof. demonstration held in the shadow of the ture. is not immediate, but that the beams no “We decided that the B1-B2 beams crumbling reactor sarcophagus. “We are “These beams rest upon the failed longer meet general structural codes. were critical enough to do that first, even witnessing the result of years of work in structural elements that are still standing While the engineers have faith that the a robot that has its foundations in the but are in a damaged condition,” walls of the reactor, although deteriorat- (Continued on page 20) moon explorations.” Mr. Gaulthier was in the Chornobyl region on a good-will tour that also included a visit to two of the internation- al laboratories in the area, whose work it is to investigate the aftereffects of the Chornobyl tragedy, and to a Slavutych city high school, where he introduced an international student program. The three-foot-long and three-foot- high Pioneer was developed by Red Zone Robotics of Pittsburgh with fund- ing and technical assistance from the Department of Energy, NASA, Carnegie- Mellon University, Oak Ridge Laboratory, Jet Propulsion Laboratories and Laurence Livermore Laboratory. Pioneer is geared to generate photo- realistic 3-D images using NASA stereo technology developed for the Mars Pathfinder mission by Silicon Graphics, as well as radiological maps that will show the varying levels of radioactivity inside the sarcophagus. The robot has a 15-centimeter concrete sampling drill, a manipulating arm and a shovel to move and lift material. But, according to some Chornobyl shelter officials, it is far from certain whether the $2 million project will suc- ceed. One official said that other robots had been developed and tested – includ- ing one built by a Japanese team – but U.S. Ambassador Steven Pifer (seated, left) and Dmytro Bachev, head of the department of secondary education, Ministry had not been able to withstand the harsh of Education, sign a document designating Ukraine as the latest member of the Global Learning and Observations to environment within the sarcophagus and Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) program. Standing behind them is U.S. Deputy Secretary of Energy T.J. Glauthier. had broken down. Jaroslav Dutkewych (left), Peace Corps director for Ukraine, assists Mr. Pifer. 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 No. 23

more slowly than previously hoped. Hard line on UWCC reasserted because of lackadaisical submission of Such status requires NGOs to be legal- dues by member-organizations. Of the Ukrainian World Congress... I n February, the UWC Presidum accept- (Continued from page 1) ly incorporated in a particular country, $100,000 expected for the year’s first ed UWCC palliatives regarding name which the UWC had not yet done. At the quarter, only a paltry $10,000 has made it ed; and a denunciation of the Ukrainian changes to its official organ and the organi- plenary meeting of May 14-15, it was to the world umbrella body’s coffers. Mr. Orthodox Church–Moscow Patriarchate for zation used as its administrative wing (the agreed that the UWC will be formally Sametz said this has been offset somewhat sowing discord among Ukraine’s faithful. formerly KGB-dominated Ukraina registered in Canada, but a “U.S. section” by local fund-raising drives, such as the Society) and agreed to send members of its International correspondence will also be given legal standing. effort mounted by Chicago’s Julian Kulas. executive for full participation in UWCC’s Mr. Lozynskyj conceded that the Mr. Sametz commented that many of According to the UWC president’s meetings on May 20-25. timetable for securing U.N. observer sta- those who sought an expansion of the report, a number of memoranda were However, if UWCC President Ivan tus would be shifted. He had earlier annual budget beyond $240,000 at the also sent to Ukraine’s agencies and vari- Drach expected Mr. Lozynskyj’s admin- hoped to meet a U.N. deadline for appli- December congress in order to allow the ous governments around the world. istration to deviate from the course set by cations for observer status this June. UWC to be “world-class” were clearly On May 6, a missive was sent to its predecessor, he was most likely disap- not showing the requisite commitment to President Kuchma to express outrage at Presidential travel pointed. the organization. the assault on Patriarch Filaret of the On May 14, Ukrainian Canadian Mr. Lozynskyj outlined his schedule The possibility of a need to relocate Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Congress President Evhen Czolij submit- for upcoming visits to Ukrainian commu- the UWC’s headquarters arose earlier this Partiarchate in Mariupol and to nities around the world, in keeping with ted a two-part memorandum on UWC- year because of changes in the financial denounce the Moscow patriarch’s plans the practice initiated by his predecessor, UWCC relations and the nature and situation at the Ukrainian Canadian Art to lead a pilgrimage through Ukrainian Dr. Dmytro Cipywnyk. structure of the UWCC itself. The section Foundation (UCAF), landlords of UWC’s territory for the purpose of political The new UWC president said he would dealing with UWC participation in the offices since the early 1980s. General provocation. tour Romania in May, and the Russian Kyiv-based organization was adopted Secretary Pedenko reported that the In March, a letter was directed to the Federation and Kazakstan in August – all unanimously, but more radical proposals UWC executive held a special meeting President Olusegun Obasanjo of Nigeria prior to the next meetings of the UWC calling for a change in the UWCC’s with members of the UCAF board on seeking the release of Ukrainian crew presidium scheduled for the fall. focus and structure were dropped. May 14. He said that the matter had not members of a ship held hostage by a Mr. Lozynskyj said he plans to visit Nevertheless, provisions mandating yet been resolved, but that negotiations renegade Nigerian official. Hungary and Slovakia in November. The recognition of the UWC as the sole rep- are ongoing. Mr. Lozynskyj expressed Also in March, Mr. Lozynskyj and sojourn in the latter country could involve resentative of the diaspora within the confidence that the UWC offices are like- General Secretary Victor Pedenko dis- controversy, as the UWC is studying the UWCC, full UWC participation in deter- ly to remain where they are. patched a letter to German Chancellor situation faced by the Ukrainian minority mining the date and location of meetings, Gerhard Schroeder seeking further infor- there. Some local activists have com- the setting of budgets and accounting, as Successions, resignations, etc. well as strict controls on by-laws matters, mation about a fund set up to compensate plained that Ukrainians face discrimination The Ukrainian Catholic eparch of will represent a dramatic shift for the the Nazi regime’s former slave laborers and repressive measures denying them Toronto, Bishop Cornelius Pasichny, UWCC if they are adopted. and presenting the UWC as “the repre- opportunities for education. reported that the chairmanship of the Representatives of the Ukrainian sentative organization for Ukrainians The most immediate trip the UWC UWC’s Religious Council passed to him American Coordinating Council and the residing outside Ukraine.” president plans to make is to Kyiv to in March, after a term under Ukrainian Ukrainian Congress Committee of Mr. Lozynskyj reported that the effort attend general meetings of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada Bishop America agreed to drop their direct mem- to secure observer status for the UWC World Coordinating Council (UWCC) in Yuriy Kalishchuk, the first chairman after bership in the UWCC and encourage with the United Nations Economic and Ukraine’s capital, along with Mr. the ecumenical body was revived in May other U.S.-based organizations to do so Social Council as a non-governmental Pedenko and UWC Vice-President Maria 1996. as well. organization (NGO) was proceeding, but Szkambara. Christina Isajiw stepped down as chair After the plenary meetings, Mr. of the Commission on Human and Civil Lozynskyj was lighthearted and dismis- Rights (CHCR), submitting her resigna- election that his campaign team had uncov- sive about prospects for the adoption of tion to the UWC executive prior to the ered evidence of voter fraud and that his the UWC’s recommendations in Kyiv. Omelchenko overwhelmingly... plenary meetings. Mr. Lozynskyj said a (Continued from page 1) party, the Social Democratic Party (United), “[The May 20-25 meetings are] probably search for a replacement would be con- make sure that the elections were scheduled would appeal the results. going to be a waste of five days, but [the ducted, and he expressed his wish that a during the Kyiv Days celebrations, when However, international observers and the UWC’s] position will be made clear,” he list of candidates be prepared for the next the city is transformed into one large spring Committee of Ukrainian Voters stated the said, adding, “It’s often said that Ukraine meeting of the UWC executives in June. festival. day after the Sunday elections that there is a fairy tale land [kazkova kraina],” the The veteran activist told The Weekly she That success may have been the undoing were no serious violations of election law or UWC president quipped, “and in my esti- quit due to the UWC’s unwillingness to of Mr. Surkis. The Kyiv Dynamo owner procedures. mation the UWCC is somewhat of a fairy allocate the necessary funds for the hir- was relying on a large youth turnout to pro- Mr. Omelchenko becomes the first elect- tale organization.” ing of a paid CHCR staffer. pel him to victory. However, that portion of ed mayor of Kyiv since the 1917 Bolshevik Financial strains resurface Ms. Isajiw said that, while other UWC the population, preoccupied with partying revolution. Technically, Leonid Kosakivsky officials contended volunteers might be and relaxation during the holiday, practical- was independent Ukraine’s first elected UWC’s Chief Financial Officer found to perform the required research, lob- ly did not show up for the vote. head of the city in 1994, but he was voted in William Sametz reported that the world bying and liaison, her search for such indi- The elections were not without contro- as a city councilman and then elected from umbrella body is once again facing diffi- versy and mud-slinging. In his most serious among the members of the Kyiv City culties in meeting its operational costs (Continued on page 20) accusations, Mr. Surkis charged that Mr. Council to lead it. Omelchenko had awarded a contract for a His term in office was marked by allega- portion of the Khreschatyk reconstruction to tions of corruption and power struggles with Green Party of Ukraine, Mykola Haber by his son, who happens to own a construction Mr. Omelchenko, who was appointed to Tkachenko accepts... the Patriotic Party of Ukraine and Yurii firm. Before he entered politics and during head the Kyiv City Administration by (Continued from page 1) Karmazyn by the Defense of the the Soviet era, Mr. Omelchenko had headed President Leonid Kuchma in 1996. Mr. planned their election campaigns, in par- Homeland Party, the total number of pres- various departments in Ukraine’s national- Omelchenko won that battle as well when ticular the leftist parties.” idential hopefuls registered reached 17. ized construction industry. he replaced Mr. Kosakivsky as City Council Mr. Moroz added that he did not know However, many of those candidates Mr. Surkis also said the day after the president in 1998 via a council vote. what Mr. Tkachenko had in mind when will be cropped from the list in the next he said that the political left would find a month and a half as they fail to collect way to name a single candidate. the million signatures required by law The leftist forces also must deal with a before their names can be placed on elec- fifth and very strong candidacy, that of tion ballots. the renegade Progressive Socialist According to the latest election poll, Natalia Vitrenko, who espouses an ortho- prepared by SOCIS-Gallup and the dox form of Stalinist Communism. She Democratic Initiatives just prior to the has refused to work with any of the other May 14 opening of the nominating sea- leftist parties, which she has called “trai- son, Mr. Tkachenko has much work tors” and “sellouts.” Pre-election polls ahead of him if he hopes to win the elec- have consistently put Ms. Vitrenko at the tion. Only 2 percent of the 1,200 respon- top of the presidential candidate field, dents supported him in the poll, which along with President Kuchma. asked, “If only these candidates were Mr. Tkachenko, who admitted to included on the ballot for whom would reporters after his nomination that he you vote?” may not be the best nominee, neverthe- Leading the pack in the survey was less asserted that he has strong qualifica- Ms. Vitrenko with 21 percent, followed tions to run, among them his vast experi- by President Kuchma with 18 percent, ence in high government posts of the Mr. Symonenko with 9 percent, Mr. Ukrainian SSR and his three terms in the Moroz with 8 percent and Hennadii Verkhovna Rada, including his work as Udovenko of Rukh and Yevhen Marchuk its chairman in the last year. of the extreme right with 3 percent each. The Verkhovna Rada chairman’s nomi- The poll did not include the names of nation expands an already large field of many of the candidates that have been Pobedinsky candidates. With his candidacy and the nominated since May 14. The poll has a Oleksander Omelchenko, who was elected mayor of Kyiv on May 30, at a celebration. nominations of Vitalii Kononov by the margin of error of plus/minus 3 percent. No. 23 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 5 THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FORUM

Yevshan dancers to perform at Soyuzivka on Father’s Day ROCHESTER, N.Y. – The Yevshan Ukrainian Dance Ensemble, under the direction of Slavko Wirlo and Oksana Kraus, has been invited to present a pro- gram of traditional Ukrainian dance at the UNA resort, Soyuzivka, on Father’s Day, June 20. This April the ensemble performed at Walt Disney World’s EPCOT Center. The dance ensemble is the elite performing group of the Yevshan Ukrainian Dance Group, which was founded in 1983 in affilia- tion with the Plast Ukrainian Youth Organization of Rochester. The group consists of 76 dancers ranging in age from 5 to 18. As the dance students mature, they graduate to the dance ensemble, which has over the years performed throughout the immediate Rochester area, as well as at festivals in Auburn and Buffalo, N.Y. Since its found- ing the Yevshan Dance Group has operated under an open-door policy that allows any child who desires to learn Ukrainian dance to join. For the past 13 years the soul of the group has been Mr. Wirlo, teacher innovator, choreographer and artis- tic director. His dedication and love for Ukrainian dance comes out in his students. Ms. Kraus, a former student, has joined him in teaching this group. Ms. Kraus adds a quality of depth and beauty to the teach- ing aspect that is evident in the group’s performances. Under their tutelage Yevshan has flourished. Members of the Yevshan Ukrainian Dance Ensemble: (from left) Chrissy Skrobach, Alexis Szcur, Maria The administrators of Yevshan are Lesia Chwesik Nestorowycz, Laurie Andrijenko, Mark Siolkowsky, Natalka Skrobach, Mark Loj, Larissa Wirlo, Alex Wirlo, and Hanya Skrobach; Ms. Chwesik is in charge of Nicole Riedl, Slavko Wirlo, Oksana Kraus, Markian Lylak, Olena Chwesik, Zenon Borys, Kris Lanni, Michael wardrobe, which includes sewing all the costumes. Pratt, Adrianna Hontar, Ivanka Hanushevsky, Amber Welsher, Kathy Sydor and Justina Chmilar.

The UNA, Soyuzivka and youth: an irreplaceable combination by Oksana Trytjak words of the Rev. Hryhory Hrushka, first All eligible UNA members who apply various summer offerings: from day UNA Special Projects Coordinator editor of Svoboda, founder of the UNA are entitled to a UNA scholarship. camps for pre-schoolers to workshops for and a leader of the community in the Students who apply to universities appre- young adults. What is the Ukrainian National 1890s: “One person cannot help every- ciate any scholarship they receive, since “Tabir Ptashat” for Ukrainian-speak- Association doing for the younger gener- one, but everyone can help one person. being selected to receive a scholarship is ing pre-schoolers was founded in 1989 ation – the very same group that the Unity is a strength that is difficult to an asset on a college application. To date by the Plast sorority Pershi Stezhi. This UNA wants to attract as members? defeat.” These words still hold true. As a the UNA has awarded almost $2 million camp has grown from serving a few Like other well-established communi- Ukrainian organization, the UNA has an in scholarship grants. In addition, each children during a one-week program to ty organizations, the UNA is suffering obligation to its community to help main- graduate of a Ukrainian studies school hosting over 100 children, in several from the natural loss of its older mem- tain a strong and vital presence for pres- receives a monetary graduation gift from weeklong sessions, per season. bers. Senior members are the backbone ent and future generations. the UNA. Chemney’s Fun Center for English- of this organization, but youth is its The UNA has always invested funds For many years, beginning in 1953, speaking pre-schoolers was initiated in lifeblood. To survive, the UNA must and energy in education and the younger Soyuzivka had offered Ukrainian cultural 1995 and is becoming more popular counter this natural decline and try to generation. Together with the courses covering Ukrainian music, song every year. encourage the younger generation to Educational Council of the Ukrainian and art, as well as language, history and For older children, Soyuzivka has become active. Congress Committee of America, the geography taught by specialists in those boys’ and girls’ camps that originated in The UNA is a fraternal organization UNA sponsors two-week courses at fields. Guest lecturers were invited to the late 1950s. More than 1,500 sports that reinvests its profits in the communi- Soyuzivka for teachers of Ukrainian stud- speak on special topics. enthusiasts age 12-18 have participated in ty. During the early years of its existence ies schools. These Ukrainian schools Soyuzivka, the UNA’s 400-acre moun- the Tennis Camp held at the resort since the UNA helped coal miners organize teach children the Ukrainian language, tain resort benefits the community at themselves and help one another. In the history and culture. large, and youth in particular. There are (Continued on page 14)

Preschoolers at “Tabir Ptashat” demonstrate their folk dancing skills. Young athletes with their trophies following a sports tourney at Soyuzivka. 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 No. 23

NEWS AND VIEWS THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY Pre-election provocations begin Re: reasons for the doom With the official launch of the presidential campaign season in Ukraine a couple of weeks ago on May 14, endorsements and protests have begun to come in. Among of Ukrainian Festival U.S.A. the first protest was the recent declaration by the Organization of Russian Ukrainians by Stan Jakubowycz increase in ticket costs. of its opposition to the election of Leonid Kuchma for his failure to come through on Yes, she is right about the New Jersey Each time I travel on the Garden State Highway Authority’s constant efforts to a 1994 campaign promise to make Russian one of the official languages of Ukraine. Parkway, I reminisce with great sadness The organization claims to speak on behalf of the 12 million ethnic Russians in discourage festivals that did not make and anger about the absence of the money. That has always been the case. She Ukraine. Ukrainian Festival U.S.A. from the This declaration comes a few months after the left majority in Ukraine’s fails to mention that while the Highway Garden State Arts Center, now known as Authority may have been losing money, Parliament passed a non-binding resolution that stated it is not obligatory for elected the PNC Bank Arts Center. My sadness officials to speak Ukrainian. And that resolution came on the heels of a decision by the NJCC-UCCA, on the other hand, was and anger has prompted me to tell our making money from the festivals and, Parliament to eliminate from pending education legislation a requirement that study Ukrainian community why we no longer of the Ukrainian language be mandatory in secondary schools. Fortunately that bill especially, from the dances. There could have our festival. have been, and should have been, a com- has not yet been passed. I certainly hope that it was not replaced During the Soviet era, the Ukrainian language was not seen as a threat by promise. All one had to do is show just a by the event in Cedar Knolls, N.J., which, small profit. Unfortunately, the NJCC- Communist Party officials and, therefore, was treated as the accepted language of ritu- according to several attendees, was more al in the republic, though for serious work the preferred language was Russian. In UCCA wasn’t about to part with a few dol- like a picnic for local community. lars to save the festival. 1989, now seen by many young scholars in Ukraine as a more nationally conscious Yes, our festival was truly a showcase – period than today, Ukrainian was officially designated the state language. However, I also wanted to blame the Ukrainian not only for the residents of N.J., but for press/media, however, I have since found older scholars, who remember several decades of Soviet rule, note that this seemingly the residents of the entire U.S. as well as nationally conscious gesture was not the result of pride in things Ukrainian. out why our press, most notably The Canada. From the early 1970s into the Ukrainian Weekly and Svoboda, did not “Remember,” says Dr. Yuri Shapoval, a history and politics scholar at the National mid-1980s, our festivals were the envy of Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, “this was still the time of [First Secretary of the aggressively report to its readers the other ethnic Americans, as well as non- importance of the Ukrainian Festival Communist Party of Ukraine Volodymyr] Scherbytsky, who had no great love for hyphenated Americans. Our festival was Ukrainian. He agreed to give the language official status for purposes of ritual. Not U.S.A., as they have done in the past: the hailed as a “Broadway spectacle” by both advertising in the press was minimized to because he was nationally conscious – he simply did not have any respect for the lan- Ukrainian and non-Ukrainian attendees. guage, did not take it seriously. He did not perceive the Ukrainian language as a threat, one or two ads per festival. Effective Oh, how proud we were serving on the advertising is the key to success. Similarly, therefore, it did not cost him anything to declare, on paper, officially, that it was the committee, year after year. It was hard press releases were reduced to a minimum state language.” work, but well worth it. I distinctly and the courtesies of the press passes were Now, however, the Ukrainian language has come to be seen as a threat. For, no remember when I was in Georgia after not extended to these newspapers, as was matter how weak its usage in Ukraine – and in most areas it is very weak – any usage Ronald Reagan’s (the former governor was done during the earlier years of the festi- at all implies, fundamentally, a separation from things Russian. For those who do not then a presidential candidate) visit to our vals. want separation from Russia and things Russian, this threat of things Ukrainian must festival, how many locals asked “where is I will, however, put some blame on the be reduced. Therefore, even though it is almost impossible to find any genuine exam- Ukraine?” and commented on the beauty Ukrainian news media for not blasting the ples of government repression of Russian speakers in Ukraine, the Organization of of Ukrainian culture. Even the customary NJCCA-UCCA for neglecting the festivals Russian Ukrainians nonetheless accuses the government of President Kuchma of Ukrainian petty squabbles, couldn’t over- and for failing to see the slow demise of “establishing a policy directed at a massive expulsion of the Russian ethno-cultural come my pride. our festivals. When I say the news media, I factor from all aspects of society.” Now it is all gone! Why? Because of do not refer only to The Ukrainian Weekly This false issue of linguistic and ethnic repression of Russians in Ukraine is only our inherent selfishness, greed and plain or Svoboda, I also refer to several other among the first of what will no doubt become a series of pre-election provocations stupidity, and petty Ukrainian politics by a Ukrainian publications. They, too, must and diversions. The Kuchma government cannot be seriously accused of repressing few Ukrainian “leaders.” contribute to the health of our Ukrainian Russian-language speakers and expelling the Russian ethno-cultural factor from all Last year readers of The Weekly community. aspects of society. For that matter, the government cannot be held accountable for learned from Luba Z. Siryj why we no Furthermore, most of the blame for the doing much of anything good or terrible regarding the enactment or enforcement of longer have our festival. Some were rea- demise of the Ukrainian Festival must be any coherent language policy. The language factor is simply used as political lever- sons, some were excuses. Some of them placed on the leaders of various Ukrainian age during election campaigns and to grandstand in between – but otherwise is not may have been valid, but she failed to American organizations, who just sat on taken seriously, even though it should be. However, this cynical manipulation of lan- mentioned the real reasons: the failings the sidelines and did nothing. Being the guage as part of a political game is not without consequences. In 1994, Mr. Kuchma and the greed of some of the members of leaders, their responsibility was to step in used the language lever to his political benefit; now those same voters plan to use the New Jersey Coordinating Council of because the festival was not only the that lever against him. the Ukrainian Congress Committee of America (NJCC-UCCA) as well as the UCCA’s – it belonged to the Ukrainian festival committees from 1987 and there- community as a whole. There was no after. The last decently attended festival room for petty Ukrainian politics, and our June was in 1986. Thereafter, the festivals got typical show of jealousy. However, I place Turning the pages back... progressively worse, as evidenced by the the bulk of the blame on the NJCC-UCCA poorer and poorer attendance. and its branches. Professionalism was replaced by the ama- Now with regard to the monetary issue: 8 teurism of local talent as the NJCCA- When I left the committee in 1986, to the UCCA wanted to make more money by best of my recollection, the NJCC-UCCA 1847 Oleksander Barvinsky was born on June 8, 1847, in hiring local talent. One member of the should have had around $35,000 in the Shliakhnyntsi, a village near Ternopil in Galicia. Active in the committee boasted after the 1986 festival treasury from the annual festivals and populist Lviv Hromada as a young man, he began contributing to that the NJCC-UCCA made much more dances. During my 14 years of involve- the movement’s literary journal, Pravda, in 1867. money then ever before. The greed over- ment, I don’t remember ever using any of From 1868 he worked as a teacher in the high schools (gymnasia) of Berezhany and shadowed the purpose of our festivals. this money to support the festivals, Ternopil, then at the Lviv Teachers’ Seminary (from 1888) and the Lviv Theological Ms. Siryj pointed the change of date although we had every right to do so. Seminary (LTS). Influenced by the writer and scholar Panteleimon Kulish, Barvinsky pre- from June to September as one of the rea- Ms. Siryj mentioned that during recent pared a series of textbooks for Ukrainian schools, and his articles on pedagogy were pub- sons for the Ukrainian Festival’s decline. years the Highway Authority had put more lished in newspapers such as Dilo (his brother Vasyl was editor-in-chief) and Hazeta However, she failed to mention the reason pressure on the entertainment budget. That Shkolna. for the change. It was not the New Jersey is nothing new, but we were able to negoti- In 1886 he initiated the publication of an influential series of textbooks known as the Highway Authority that changed the date, ate harder each time. Assuming that Ms. Ruthenian Historical Library. as we were led to believe. In fact, accord- Siryj is correct, why didn’t she request From 1893 to 1918 he was a member of the Galician School Council and defended ing to my sources, it was the committee financial support from the NJCC-UCCA? Ukrainian interests in the education system. He was instrumental in the introduction of a that changed the date because it failed to After all, the money was earned by the phonetic orthography in schools and the use of the term “Ukrainian-Ruthenian” in the sys- get the program ready on time. I remember respective festival committees. Since1986 tem’s textbooks. fighting for the June date because every the $35,000 should have grown consider- He was an active member of Ruska Besida, Prosvita (vice-president in 1889-1895) and other ethnic festival wanted it. Shame on ably as a result of successive festivals and the Ukrainian Pedagogical Society (president in 1891-1896), and participated in the reor- the NJCC-UCCA and the festival commit- dances, as well as from interest. In 1986 ganization of the Shevchenko Scientific Society, which granted him full membership in tee for failing our Ukrainian community. one of the members on the festival com- 1899. Ms. Siryj blamed the apathy of the pub- mittee claimed that year’s festival commit- Barvinsky was active also in politics. In the 1880s the Austro-Hungarian authorities lic and poor attendance. Of course, the tee had made much more money than in were made increasingly anxious by tensions with the Russian empire and by the worsen- public wouldn’t support programs consist- previous years. If that is so, where is the ing confrontation between Ukrainians and Poles in Galicia. ing of over-exposed local talent – no mat- money? Between 1986 and 1989, the In 1890, a group of moderate populist leaders, including Barvinsky and Yulian ter how good this talent may have been – NJCC-UCCA, on one hand, raised ticket Romanchuk, reached an agreement with Galicia’s governor-general, Casimir Badeni, and at the same time, absorb the constant prices by approximately 30 percent and on under which Ukrainians would be given greater autonomy in determining educational and the other hand, reduced the talent costs by cultural policy and a voice in social reform in return for recognition of Polish control of using local talent. That $35,000 in 1986, the regional administration. This was to usher in a “New Era” of reconciliation between Stan Jakubowycz is former general plus higher profits for the next 12 years, chairman and consultant to the (Continued on page 12) Ukrainian Festival U.S.A. (Continued on page 18) No. 23 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 7

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

ago, we left our homes, families and PERSPECTIVES friends, and fled the “Red Terror” that The UWC, the UOC threatened to annihilate us. We went BY ANDREW FEDYNSKY and NATO strikes through a series of stages and stops on Dear Editor: our odyssey – Poland, Czecho-Slovakia, Austria, Germany, France – and then, Perhaps it was the pull of the April fool finally, we reached the haven: America. that prompted the Ukrainian World It was safe here – here there would be no Europe or Moscow? Congress to rise against the NATO’s use of more bombs. There was no more terror A recently expanded NATO celebrated the “peoples of the East.” force against Slobodan Milosevic’s here. its 50th anniversary in April, with a big Soon Khvyliovy saw results from his Yugoslavia (April 11). Why then, in spite of the League of meeting in Washington. All European campaign. The Ukrainian government in Like Ukraine’s present government, the Nations, the United Nations, the North heads of state were there, with the promi- Kharkiv implemented a “Ukrainization” UWC posited that a sovereign state must be Atlantic Treaty Organization, the nent exceptions of Russia, Belarus and program designed to reverse generations of immune from outside military strike even if Helsinki Accords and a plethora of lesser Yugoslavia. Since Russia made noise about Russification and foster cultural rebirth. it commits monstrous crimes against its cit- treaties, covenants, councils and unions, staying away, President Leonid Kuchma’s Before long, Ukrainian literacy flourished, izens, except perhaps when military inter- are the bombs still falling? Why are the active representation of Ukraine at NATO magazines and journals were established, vention is authorized by the United bombs made by children that take lives made a powerful statement. Diplomatically libraries of books were published, and Nations, with its unanimous Security of other children still exploding in the but unmistakably, he made it clear that plays were performed. Oleksander Council – that is, with Russia’s and China’s neat-and-proper heartland communities Ukraine has its own view of things and Dovzhenko’s film studio, for example, consent. In the absence of such a mandate, of America? does not take orders from Moscow. Foreign became world-renowned. so the reasoning goes, negotiation is the For us, America has been and is more Affairs Minister Borys Tarasyuk explained All these developments did not sit well proper recourse. One might add, in the than just a home; it is a place to work that “Ukraine’s goal, to integrate into with Moscow and particularly with Joseph same vein, that the Ukrainian terror-famine and to rear families. It also became the European and Trans-Atlantic structures, Stalin. In time, Moscow struck back ruth- in 1933 should have been avoided by nego- last frontier – a safe haven. Once we had remains unchanged.” lessly. In April 1929 the Central Committee tiations between Stalin’s Politburo and the dreamed of returning to Ukraine, but But not everyone in Ukraine agrees. The of the All-Union Communist Party Salvation Army or the peasants’ committee. with the passing of time we now realize chairman of the Verkhovna Rada, approved the first Five-Year Plan and its Ukraine’s President Leonid Kuchma that Ukraine neither wants us nor needs Oleksander Tkachenko, has an entirely dif- infamous goal to collectivize the land. may be pardoned for taking his stance – us – except for financial help. ferent orientation: he’s nostalgic for the Three months later the OGPU (secret considering that he is juggling impossible Now, 50 years later, we have nowhere Soviet Union and is working to have police) arrested some 5,000 members of a odds in his own precarious seat and is evok- else to run. And, even if there were a Ukraine join the union of Belarus and fictitious organization, the “Union for the ing applause even from NATO for his dex- place to run, we have become tired. We Russia. Liberation of Ukraine.” In March 1930, terity. But the UWC has no such excuse, are here to stay, bombs and all. This clash of policies between Messrs. after more than six months of beatings and Kuchma and Tkachenko is disquieting to unless it is determined to give credence to Bozhena Olshaniwsky torture, a series of show trials was held be sure, but given where Ukraine is in its where the writers, scholars, critics, theater those who say its accomplishments are Newark, N.J. mainly in the realm of faux pas. national development, the tension between people, priests and others arrested the pre- To top it off, the Synod of Bishops of the two competing geopolitical orientations is vious July, confessed to preposterous Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada got not unhealthy. It represents the resumption crimes. Khvyliovy and his followers found into the act with its own expression of dis- More on helping of a political-cultural struggle that con- the ground crumbling beneath their feet. In approval of NATO’s action and with a char- sumed Soviet Ukraine throughout the those circumstances, it was suicide to stick acterization of the worst mass atrocities in Ukraine’s intellectuals 1920s, only to end violently in the ’30s. to your position and Khvyliovy wrote Europe since World War II as “a conflict Dear Editor: Then, the question was settled by brute abject apologies for his views, acknowl- between Christians and Moslems.” They force. Today the question has returned: edging them to be “definite deviations from must engage in a dialogue. Meanwhile, Reading Roman Voronka’s reply (April should Ukraine orient itself on Russia or the proletarian line on internationalism.” welcome to rape camps. 18) to my article “How can we best help the West? In 1932 – the last year of the Five-Year From the tone of the Synod’s missive, Ukraine’s intelligentsia?” (February 14), I In the 1920s the writer Mykola Plan – the party declared outright war you would never know that some of those was pleased to discover that my comments Khvyliovy led the debate. He was born in a against Ukraine. It’s a horrible story: well- “Christians” are wanted as war criminals at were received in the spirit in which they village near Kharkiv and fought in the fed Communists scoured the countryside, the International Court of Justice, or that the had been written, namely, as an attempt to tsar’s army as a front-line soldier in World taking away every scrap of food. Their brutalization and expulsion of hundreds of find constructive solutions to the very War I. When the revolution broke out in orders were to “liquidate the kulaks as a thousands of ethnic Albanians – a humani- important issue of our support for 1917, he was caught up in the complicated, class.” In the cities, stomach-turning torture tarian disaster of biblical proportions in Ukraine’s intellectuals. bloody power struggle that pitted and executions continued: a little-known modern Europe – had been meticulously I would like to reiterate that my article Ukrainian nationalists, Bolsheviks, tsarist poet, Maria Dyka, to cite just one example, planned while an ongoing chit-chat was was never intended to question experi- generals, peasant anarchists and a half was torn to pieces by wild dogs in the ence or past achievements of the used to stir disarray in the Western alliance. dozen foreign governments against one courtyard of a Kharkiv prison. That kind of Coordinating Committee to Aid Ukraine Sorry, no cigar. another. Ultimately, Lenin’s Bolsheviks savagery was common throughout Ukraine (the list of CCAU’s past activities pro- won, but the strong support for the in 1932-1933. Use of the letter “g” became Boris Danik vided by Dr. Voronka is a clear reflection Ukrainian national movement during the one of the litmus tests for “nationalist North Caldwell, N.J. of the committee members’ sincere dedi- Revolution remained a formidable political degeneracy.” cation to their cause). My sole objective factor in 1920s Ukraine. On May 13 of that year, with millions was to discuss a number of complex In 1921 Khvyliovy and his friends dead or dying in the countryside and issues associated with their current, and assessed Ukraine after nearly 10 years of Ukraine’s intellectual and political elite America: last frontier very important, project. My ultimate war and revolution, and concluded that enduring mass terror, Khvyliovy sum- hope was that the suggestions I coerced association with Moscow had sti- moned a group of friends to his apartment and once-safe haven expressed would constructively help the fled their country’s development. Over the Dear Editor: in Kharkiv for breakfast. Moments after CCAU channel its aid to Ukrainian intel- previous 250 years, Imperial Russia had lectuals as effectively and efficiently as they arrived, he went into his study and Cherry blossom time is upon us. It is a systematically dismantled Ukraine’s gov- blew his brains out. He decided to commit perfect golden day. It is neither too possible. ernment, destroyed the Kozak Sich and I am very happy that our discussion in suicide after all. On the table was a letter to warm, nor too cold. The sun is shining finally banned even the language. While the Communist Party of Ukraine accusing warmly and the white clouds are swim- The Weekly has resulted in concrete pos- Russian culture flourished, Ukrainian cul- itive developments. Inspired by the idea its members of betraying the revolution and ming by in the perfect blue. A gentle ture had shriveled into provincialism and their country. Khvyliovy became a non- zephyr stirs the flower-laden branches of providing direct help to Ukrainian insignificance. This is unacceptable, scholars and writers through the program person, and for the next 55 years it was and the pink and white petals snow down Khvyliovy said. Ukrainian culture, he impossible to find a word of his writings on us. The world is renewing itself. of grants for scholarly/literary publica- argued, must aspire to achieve world-class tions in Ukraine’s leading journals, a anywhere in Ukraine. Again we picnic on the green under a status. His remedy was summarized in two Right now Ukraine is preparing for its pink canopy of a flowering cherry tree, group of benefactors and partners of the short slogans: “Away from Moscow!” and Jacyk Foundation has pledged their sup- third presidential election to be held this in the company of good friends. One “Toward Europe!” fall. In the first election in 1991 there was might say, that this is about as close to port for this initiative. A separate fund “This point is,” he wrote in 1926, “that has been established for this purpose at only one issue: independence. The second paradise as you can get. All seems well Russian literature has weighed down on election in 1994 proved the country could in the world. But is it? the Jacyk Foundation and negotiations us for centuries as master of the situation, with a number of Ukrainian journals, manage a smooth and peaceful transition of In Littleton, Colo., they have buried as one who has conditioned our psyche power from one president to another. The the dead and are wondering how this ter- such as Krytyka, are under way. I expect to play the slavish imitator.” Ukrainians, that soon we will be able to inform the third presidential election in October will ror could have happened again in “the therefore, must break with Moscow: be about Ukraine’s direction: the one heartland of America.” In April 1995 it readers of The Weekly about the success- “Our orientation is to Western European ful launch of the project. Once effective- Khvyliovy mapped out in the 1920s – happened in Oklahoma City. 1999 is the art, its style, its techniques ... We con- “Away from Moscow!” and “Toward 50th anniversary of NATO, but we are ly established, the project will be open ceive of Europe as a psychological cate- for other benefactors to join. Europe” – or Stalin’s centralizing policy, bombing Serbia in the hopes of saving gory that thrusts humanity forward onto with Ukraine looking to Moscow as its the Kosovars. It is also the 13th anniver- Dr. Marko R. Stech the great highway of progress.” He main- point of reference. sary of Chornobyl; the aftereffects of the Toronto tained that Ukraine, located strategically Chairman Tkachenko and the leftists in world’s worst nuclear disaster continue at the crossroads between Europe and the Verkhovna Rada have never acknowl- to pose a threat to the entire continent. The writer is managing director of the Asia and oriented on Europe, was poised Some of us remember how, 55 years Petro Jacyk Educational Foundation. to lead a political and cultural revival of (Continued on page 18) 8 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 No. 23 A future Ukraine: one nation, two languages, three cultures?

by Mykola Ryabchuk cent are Ukrainians, 22 percent Russians, one might conclude that today which is employed mostly for ritual pur- and 5 percent other nationalities. Many Ukrainization is on the march, and poses and never permeates the depths of Every time I discuss the problems of might also easily conclude that, within nationalism looms large in Ukraine. the state apparatus. contemporary Ukraine with my foreign the USSR, Ukrainians were a minority, I have Belarusian friends who envy Russian is still the language of busi- colleagues, I cannot find a topic more while nowadays, within the independent Ukraine; they say they would like the ness and industry, the state bureaucracy controversial and confusing than who is Ukraine, they are the majority – one that Belarusian language and culture to be in and higher education, science and mass the “majority” and who is the “minority” tends to dominate, as elsewhere in the the state of Ukrainian. I also have some culture. In the free market, some 80 per- in Ukraine, what is the national identity post-colonial world, oppressing minori- Russian friends who are deeply con- cent of periodicals sold are in Russian, as of this folk, and consequently, which cul- ties (including Russians) and suppressing cerned about forceful Ukrainization and well as some 90 percent of books. Most tural and linguistic policy is being, or minority languages and cultures. the plight of the Russian language and programs on private TV and radio sta- should be, officially pursued by such the Indeed, this picture can be confirmed culture in Ukraine. And finally, I know tions are broadcast in Russian; as are state. by many facts and figures. For example, many Western liberals who mistakenly most plays in theaters, and nearly all To the foreigners’ credit, I must say, the Ukrainian language has the constitu- believe that Russophones are oppressed films and videos (mostly American, but however, that the same controversy and tional status of a state language – the in Ukraine, as in the Baltics and else- translated in Moscow). Russian popular confusion exists in Ukraine, where the only state language in Ukraine. This lan- where, and that Ukraine is a nationalizing music is second after American (if not most diametrically opposed views on the guage, however oppressed and marginal- state with post-communist rulers in the the first) in the Ukrainian market, and problem are expressed. More often than ized in the USSR (and completely forbid- Yugoslavian mold. second-rate Russian pop-stars regularly not, the first view is labeled as a den in the Russian Empire), now is being I cannot say this picture is utterly gather their tribute in the aboriginal won- “Ukrainian nationalistic” one, while the gradually introduced as the language of false. Yet, it is quite superficial. It can be derland of Ukraine. opposite view is usually presented as instruction in a growing number of modeled on stories byWestern journalists In many terms, Ukrainian culture is a being “universal” and “liberal.” Both schools and even in some universities, in (who visit Moscow rather than Kyiv), culture of a minority that has rather high definitions are questionable, and the the post-Soviet army inherited and and Russian scholars and diplomats (who achievements produced and consumed by things they define are even more ques- nationalized by Ukraine, in the state- are much more visible in the West than the native elite, but which cannot com- tionable. Therefore, I start with an analy- sponsored and/or state-controlled mass their Ukrainian counterparts). pete in a free market with a dominant sis of both pictures of contemporary media where some language require- No Ukrainian “nationalist”, however, imperial mass culture (first, because it is Ukraine, as presented from opposite ments exist, as well as in advertisements, would ever agree with this picture points of view. imperial, second because it is mass ). It is street signs, etc. because he has a completely different not a matter of quality, rather of the men- The Ukrainian language is compulso- idea about the picture in today’s Ukraine. tal predisposition of the consumers. They Virtual Ukraine No. 1: ry, at least as a second language, in any “The nationalizing state” are deeply biased against things educational institution; it is the official Virtual Ukraine No. 2: Ukrainian and this is the main reason language of top Ukrainian officials, “Ukraine without Ukrainians” why so few people in urban centers com- Consulting an encyclopaedia, or including presidents (and leaders in their appropriate reference work, any foreigner municate in Ukrainian, despite the fact administration), prime ministers (and In its extreme form, the opposite pic- that nearly everyone can do so if neces- may learn that Ukraine is a country of other ministers), heads of the Parliament ture as articulated by Ukrainian “nation- approximately 50 million people: 73 per- sary. This mental predisposition is the (and many national deputies). And last alists,” is that of a quasi-Ukrainian state reason teachers and pupils informally but not least, as opinion surveys show, dominated by an imperial minority, communicate in Russian in Ukrainian Mykola Ryabchuk is the managing the number of people who claim they are while the native majority still is schools, as do soldiers and officers in the editor of the Kyiv-based Krytyka monthly Russians has been gradually decreasing, oppressed and marginalized, like the Ukrainian army. and, currently, a United States so that the next national census in blacks of South Africa or the Indians of The Ukrainian language still has a Information Agency (USIA) regional Ukraine will probably find half as many South America. In their view, Ukraine is very low social status in Ukrainian socie- exchange scholar at the Kennan Institute Russians in the country as the last Soviet ruled by the creolic, i.e. Russian, elite ty, although many top state leaders use it in Washington. The article is based on a census, conducted in 1989. who incorporate and corrupt the native in their official appearances – (but not in paper delivered at the Woodrow Wilson If one remembers that 10 years ago the elite and pay lip-service to some Center on March 1. general tendency was quite the opposite, Ukrainian symbols, including language, (Continued on page 9)

Mykola Ryabchuk speaks on Ukraine’s future and political forces by Andrij Kudla Wynnyckyj mer President Leonid] Kravchuk, speaks to his family the sociological background of the forces that the various Toronto Press Bureau members in Russian,” he suggested. potential presidential candidates represent, and the Aside from official use, he noted: “Ukrainian is used mechanics of maintaining political power in Ukraine. TORONTO — Literary critic, editor and political com- only in family settings and in the countryside, where the Mr. Ryabchuk said Ukraine is an odd democracy mentator Mykola Ryabchuk was in Toronto in March dur- fault can be tolerated, and at the Writers’ Union building, because, while the minority suffers, as it does in most ing his five-month visit to North America this spring that an intellectual ghetto dominated by odd regional fixa- countries, the majority suffers as well. He noted that included a stint as a visiting research fellow at the Kennan tions.” because each administration’s policies since 1991 have Institute for Advanced Russian Studies in Washington. Mr. Ryabchuk also contended that although Ukrainian aimed only to redress specific grievances — merely react- Mr. Ryabchuk, who is the deputy editor of Krytyka, the is the state language, a Ukrainian-influenced Russian form ing to demands from miners, nationalists, minorities, Kyiv-based journal modeled on The New York Review of of the language — the “Third Culture” referenced in the socialists or others — they have not been geared to bring- Books, as well as a columnist for the newspaper Den and presentation’s title — is most frequently used as soon as ing positive benefits to anyone. a research fellow at the National University of Kyiv- the microphones are turned off. The result is that there is In terms of civic consciousness, Mr. Ryabchuk stated Mohyla Academy, gave two presentations in Toronto, the a de facto cultural/linguistic trifurcation of the society. that the general population is still showing signs of Soviet first on March 19 titled “A Future Ukraine: One Nation, upbringing: they see social conflict as the unwanted Possible outcomes Two Languages, Three Cultures?” at the University of residue of class war, as the seeds of chaos, and thus are Toronto Center for Russian and East European Studies (a Tailoring his address to his Canadian audience, Mr. terribly frightened of any confrontation. presentation that he also delivered at the Kennan Institute; Ryabchuk stated that while it is tempting to apply the Since there are no adequate civic institutions devoted to see the edited text above this article) and the second pres- Canadian model — “adopt official bilingualism and grope conflict resolution (such as a justice system that citizens entation on March 21 titled “Ukraine on the Eve of for peace” — to the Ukrainian experience, he believes this can trust), the current regime is free to foster the above- Elections: Between Bad and Worse?” that was hosted by solution is applicable to Ukraine only in terms of the pos- mentioned notions, and present itself as the guarantor of the Ukrainian Research and Documentation Center. sible future rather than the present situation. stability even as it exploits social divisions. The principal theme of the first presentation was that The Krytyka editor opined that in Ukraine “the ques- That said, Mr. Ryabchuk pointedly reminded his audi- the primary antagonism in Ukraine is not ethnic but lin- tion is, who will be Québec?” He stated there are two pos- ence that, for all their faults, Ukraine has never had rulers guistic — between those who are Ukrainophones and sible and entirely polar outcomes. who were as well disposed to its population as the current those who are Russophones, a group that includes many If Ukrainianization succeeds, then Russophone crop. As yet, they have not mounted any direct assaults on ethnic Ukrainians. Furthermore, Mr. Ryabchuk suggested Russians would become a true minority, concentrated in the citizenry, or on the country’s language or culture, as that at present, despite persistent efforts by Western com- the south central regions. Mr. Ryabchuk contended there previous regimes have for centuries. mentators that claim otherwise, this linguistic antagonism is a strong likelihood this Russian enclave would easily Without wishing to make a commitment to a partic- does not create tremendous fault lines in the fabric of the maintain significant control of large sectors of Ukraine’s ular presidential candidate, Mr. Ryabchuk said the nascent state and that economic concerns are paramount. economy and thus would enjoy sufficient political influ- worst outcome would be a maintenance of the status Furthermore, he indicated that virtual unanimity has ence to ensure that its rights as a minority are respected. quo. “If Mr. Kuchma were returned to office, this been shown in polls on the troubles in the Crimean penin- However, if Russification by default proceeds, the would simply send a signal to the apparat that its sula, with easily 90 percent of the population — again scholar said Ukrainophone Ukrainians could well become approach is correct,” he said. across ethnic and regional lines — in favor of strong a minority in their own country, concentrated in western The political commentator averred that Ukraine’s measures to preserve the Ukrainian state’s territorial Ukraine. Given that this minority status would be unac- Communists present very little threat. He said they make integrity. ceptable to nationally conscious Ukrainians, Mr. motions towards Moscow out of nostalgia for the USSR Ryabchuk warned, this outcome has the potential for great Ukrainian’s low social status rather than for a “reunification” with Russia. Suggesting political instability. that any efforts to reconstitute the defunct Soviet Union Mr. Ryabchuk said that few people in Ukraine use Mechanics of Ukrainian politics are doomed, Mr. Ryabchuk quipped that supporters of Ukrainian, despite the fact that most can, because the lan- such notions are “the kind of people who constantly step guage has low social (and former colonial) status. The visiting scholar’s second address, “Ukraine on the on the same rake and repeatedly get smacked in the face “Not only [President Leonid] Kuchma, but also [for- Eve of Elections: Between Bad and Worse?” focused on for their pains.” No. 23 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 9

who are not “backward,” but who are their identity. However, it is not the case A future Ukraine... pretentious, artificial and menacing. for many Russified Ukrainians whose (Continued from page 8) They perceive any “Ukrainization” as a identity is rather mixed and vague, and private, the most graphic and telling personal threat and insist on a kind of who usually identify themselves in pre- detail for the majority of the people). linguistic and cultural laissez-faire, i.e., modern terms as “locals” (“we are the Indeed, this predisposition against on preserving the status-quo inherited Odesans,” “we are the Kyivans,” “we are Ukrainian can be explained as the from colonial times that grants them Donbasians,” etc.). Within the Ukrainian gloomy result of the centuries-long poli- their privileged and superior position. state their identity will certainly be mod- cy of russification. Both the Russian and They claim the Russian language and ernized; the problem, however, is Soviet empires had oppressed, persecut- culture are as natural and as important a whether the process of modernization ed and crushed the Ukrainophone elite, part of the Ukrainian heritage as will coincide with linguistic while the common folk, mostly the rural Ukrainian language and culture, perhaps Ukrainization, or whether a Ukrainian- population, had been successfully mar- even more so. creolic (i.e. Russophone) national identi- ginalized, despised and ridiculed as Ironically, both Russian and Ukrainian ty will emerge. quasi-feudal “kolkhoz slaves,” with nationalists derive an argument for their The first development would probably “white skin,” but a “black” language. colonial (or anti-colonial) rhetoric from mean that Russians in Ukraine will This language, unlike black skin, can the same meaningless census data that become a true minority, concentrated be easily changed by those slaves who divides the Ukrainian population into 22 mostly in the southeast, especially in escape their rural environs and head for percent Russians and 73 percent Crimea. The second development means urban centers, looking for a better life Ukrainians. The Russians claim that they that the role of minority is destined for and serving as street sweepers, garbage never oppressed or marginalized the Ukrainophones who live mostly in collectors, dish washers, builders. Thus, Ukrainians because there are many more western Ukraine. the low social status of Ukrainian lan- ethnic Ukrainians in various top posi- One may suggest that a third scenario guage, and Ukrainian culture, is a direct tions than ethnic Russians. And of “no winners, no losers” is possible, result of the low status of Ukrainians Ukrainians claim that they are a majority i.e., that today’s status quo can be main- (more precisely, Ukrainophones) in that deserves more rights as a titular tained, and even somehow improved. I Ukrainian society. The Ukrainophone nationality, while the Russians should be cannot agree with this assumption for treated as just a minority, like Poles, two reasons. First, I do not know any world has been firmly associated with a Roma Hadzewycz narrow circle of dissidents depicted as Jews and Hungarians, whose political real example where two languages co- imperialistic agents, or crazy national- and cultural rights are guaranteed but not exist equally – within the same territory, Mykola Ryabchuk ists), a ghettoized Writers’ Union (talent- “exaggerated.” the same spheres of functioning and the less puppets), and, by and large, with The real problem, however, is that same population. And secondly, today’s Ukrainization of their offspring. This backward, uncivilized villages that have Ukrainian society is not divided into just status quo in Ukraine is far from equal; it point is confirmed by various opinion had no prospects for the future. Ukrainians and Russians, but into at least is based on the political, cultural, eco- polls, as well as by the de facto accept- three major groups: Russophone nomic and financial dominance of the ance of a very moderate Ukrainization Myths revisited Russians (about 20 percent), Russophones, and the colonial marginal- that has been carried out by the govern- Ukrainophone Ukrainians (about 45 per- ization of the Ukrainophone part of pop- ment agencies since 1991 (in education, Ukrainian nationalists who blame the cent) and Russophone Ukrainians (about ulation. etc.). government as being an “anti-Ukrainian” 30 percent). All other ethnic groups (5 This is a social rather than a linguistic The slow pace of Ukrainization, under regime that promotes russification under percent) are mostly Russian-speaking as problem: therefore, it cannot be the current circumstances, seems to be the guise of political independence and well. eschewed or fixed by laissez faire policy. the most optimum and proper solution – free-market reforms, sincerely believe Apparently, the weakest and vaguest Any attempt to reform agriculture, to despite the fact that it suits neither the that everything would change if the sense of national identity is that of the abandon kolkhoz feudalism, and to liber- Russian nor Ukrainian nationalists. The proper people – “true Ukrainian patriots” Russophone Ukrainians who are rather alize the economy and politicum beyond term, however, is dubious, and should – would come to power, and the proper “Ukrainian” in political terms, and rather the capital city will inevitably lead to definitely be replaced with the more suit- policy – “real Ukrainization” – would be “Russian” in terms of culture. Both emancipation of rural Ukrainophones, able and internationally recognized con- pursued. They never explain, however, Ukrainians and Russians compete for the the strengthening of Ukrainian civil soci- cept of “affirmative action.” Such a poli- how these people would come to power support this group, and both claim it to ety and a dramatic alteration of the post- cy is necessary in any post-colonial cul- if urban Ukrainophones are too small in ture, particularly in Ukraine. The appro- number, and rural Ukrainophones are too priate scale and pace of these actions undeveloped to accomplish this. Even Ukrainian society is not divided into just should be defined for each case separate- less clear is why this creolic regime ly to make the social agenda clearer and should listen to the demands of the mar- Ukrainians and Russians, but into at least promote social dialogue. ginalized Ukrainophone minority instead The Ukrainophones should probably of the dominant Russophone majority. three major groups: Russophone Russians abandon the controversial idea to “re- As regards Russian nationalists, they Ukrainianize” their Russified fellow-citi- deny the very existence of the Ukrainian (about 20 percent), Ukrainophone zens – some 15 millions “prodigal sons” nation, claiming that it is just a regional Ukrainians (about 45 percent) and derogatively labeled as “janissaries” branch of the Great Russian nation. This who, so far, have little if any wish to view, however, is more widespread in Russophone Ukrainians (about 30 per- change their cultural and linguistic iden- Russia; in Ukraine a special sort of local tity once again. Russian nationalism has developed – I cent). All other ethnic groups (5 percent) And the Russophones should uneqivo- call it “creolic,” or “Russophone.” In cally accept the necessity of “affirmative political terms, it is quite “Ukrainian,” are mostly Russian-speaking as well. action” on the part of the i.e., quite supportive of state independ- Ukrainophones’ side to promote their ence, territorial integrity, and many his- true, not just token equality. The govern- ment should be a major designer and torical myths and symbols shared with be their own. On many levels, this com- colonial balance of power in Kyiv. Ukrainophones. In cultural and linguistic coordinator of an appropriate policy that petition looks like a cold civil war, with Ukraine, in a sense, is destined to be terms however it is rather “Russian,” in should be coherent and comprehensive. hardly predictable results. The probable like a Canada, with its own Quebec. The nature, i.e., unsympathetic to So far, the talks on Ukrainization scenarios, however, should be considered problem, however, is whether it will be a Ukrainophones (with their allegedly resemble the talks on market – in order to forestall the most dangerous Russophone Donbas and Crimea within a “western Ukrainian nationalistic obses- reforms,”which have aptly been labeled developments. greater Ukraine, or a Ukrainophone sion,” and is strongly biased against the “shock without therapy.” The Galicia within a Ukraine that mostly Ukrainian culture and language. Russophone population seems to be Unlike “true” Russian nationalists, The solution speaks Russian. more concerned with the talks on they never deny Ukrainian culture and I find the first scenario preferable for Ukrainization than with real, very mod- language completely. Their approach is First of all, we should recognize some two reasons. First, the Ukrainophone erate and limited acts of “positive dis- rather “archeological”: they recognize facts and realities that cannot be ignored, Ukrainians who had managed to defend crimination.” The laissez faire language that the Ukrainian language is beautiful, however much we may dislike them. their linguistic identity under the enor- policy that prevails constantly kindles but it has disappeared and will never be Since 1991, the Ukrainian nation mous pressure of the Russian and Soviet new talks on Ukrainization among the revived. They claim that official exists as a nation-state and, apparently, empires, would never agree to be mar- dissatisfied Ukrainophones; these talks Ukrainian is artificial, and spoken nation-building has been hastened and ginalized and turned into a minority in turn frighten the Russophones even Ukrainian in western Ukraine is even strengthened by this fact. The essence within independent Ukraine. Their resist- more, further hampering any governmen- more artificial. They praise Ukrainian and shape of this nation are more an ance would certainly have the most radi- tal steps toward affirmative action. culture – but only as great folklore; the internal than an external problem, and its cal forms since they have no other place The vicious circle should have been only writer they recognize is Taras future existence cannot be questioned to cherish their own language and cul- broken – not so much by hastening the Shevchenko, a “national prophet,” a unless we decide to question regional ture. Ethnic Russians would sooner pace of Ukrainization or by slowing it semi-legendary, semi-folkloric figure. stability and, perhaps, world order. accept minority status – as long as the down, but first and foremost by making Such an attitude is ambiguous: it com- The Ukrainian nation that emerged in Ukrainian state remains democratic, tol- policy clearer, more transparent, outspo- bines both “Ukrainian” patriotic nostal- 1991 as a nation-state is bilingual: both erant and economically prosperous. ken and unambiguous. Such a policy gia for the “glorious” past (in the style of Ukrainian and Russian have, more or Secondly, Russophone Ukrainians, how- should be overtly negotiated within soci- Hohol) along with creolic superiority to less, equal currency in Ukraine. For ever resistant and unsympathetic they are ety since a nation is not just a permanent the present “backward” Ukrainophones, many Ukrainians, as well as for to their own “Ukrainization,” seem to be plebiscite, but also a permanent search plus a bias against western Ukrainians Russians, language is a major part of much more accepting of the gradual for consensus. 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 No. 23

FFOOCCUUSS OONN PPHHIILLAATTEELLYY by Ingert Kuzych and Volodymyr Bekhtir

A rich heritage of folk art Folk art on stamps has long been popu- and cloth. The elements of these traditional lar in philately. Sometimes collectors lump embellishments have survived since folk art under the larger field of art, in gen- ancient times. Particularly famous for its eral; but other specialists focus strictly on ornamentation is the eastern Ukraine Figure 1 (left): The 50-shah value is com- the “folk” aspect. Although Ukraine’s his- whence this rendering hails. posed almost exclusively of folk design. tory as an independent country was inter- The type of fauna depicted on a folk rupted for over 70 years during its forceful painting also is significant. The rooster, for Figure 2 (above): A kylym-weave design incorporation into the Soviet Union, folk example, who greets each day with his borders a pastoral steppe scene on the motifs played a prominent role in its first crowing, serves to drive away all kinds of 200-hryvnia stamp. period of stamp production (1918-1920) evil spirits with his cry. In the folk imagina- and have enhanced many of its modern tion, a red rooster is particularly powerful releases (since 1992). Ukraine’s very first in this respect: he brings happiness, pro- stamp set of five-shah values showed folk tects the cattle from the enchantments of ornamentation (Figure 1); its 14-stamp lith- witches, and little children from being ographed issue of 1920 used folk designs in stolen by “unclean forces” who can turn the borders of every value (Figure 2). them into changelings. Newly independent Ukraine’s first two The red rooster can also find a hidden stamps, issued in March 1992, show richly treasure, thus he is also a symbol of wealth. embroidered folk dress, various folk crafts, This belief is the reason a rooster is so and even a historic stringed folk instru- often seen as an element of Ukrainian ment, the kobza (Figure 3). That same year embroidery, and so it was only right that saw the release of Ukraine’s first souvenir the rooster was chosen to decorate one of sheet, which was dedicated to folk music. the folk art stamps. The face value of the Displayed on that sheet are various stamp is 20 kopiiky. Ukrainian folk instruments and a folk The second stamp in the sheet illustrates dance (Figure 4). Late that year, a stamp another type of ancient Ukrainian folk art: appeared showing a sample of typical ceramics. The depicted figure a ram, is an Ukrainian embroidery, including some of example of the “animal-art style” intro- the most popular mythological motifs: the duced into the Mediterranean world by the tree of life and love birds (Figure 5). ancient Scythians (who inhabited Ukraine Numerous additional single stamps with in the first millennium B.C.). Originally folk art elements were issued by Ukraine in such items were ritual vessels (hollow Figure 3: Traditional garb on Ukraine’s first issues of 1992. the ensuing years. inside) used for holding and pouring wine Ceramic technology was one of the most they were really carved icons. Surviving In late 1997 a stunning folk art miniature and other alcoholic beverages. important crafts practiced in ancient materials from the 18th century are much sheet was released; it consisted of two sets The choice of a ram is not accidental. In Ukraine. Over time, distinctive traditions, more elaborate; they include furniture and of four stamps surrounded by a selvage ancient times a ram was the symbol of styles and uses evolved. border showing well over a dozen folk masculinity, creative energy and the rebirth other utilitarian objects. In Ukraine, ceramics were divided into design motifs (Figure 6). of the sun’s energy in the spring, as well as All carving elements are geometric in four basic types: utilitarian vessels, orna- The first stamp on this sheet depicts happiness, wealth, well-being and dignity. nature and very ancient in origin. They are mental vessels, ornamental tiles and build- Ukrainian folk painting. The design dis- But, at the same time, a ram can also be a similar to the ornaments used on Ukrainian ing products (roof coverings, bricks, pipes, plays a folk rendering of a rooster done in symbol of unyielding steadfastness, even Easter eggs (pysanky), and they have the tempera on paper. The depiction was stupidity. etc.). Today many ancient ceramic centers same symbolic meanings. Most of the utili- selected as typical of Ukrainian folk Ceramic arts in Ukraine date back to continue to thrive in Ukraine. The ram tarian objects were ornamented with flat, design: colorful, ornamental and with an 5000 B.C. The techniques for preparing shown on the 40-kopiika stamp is rather dry carving. In some cases, the effects of animal motif. clay, sculpting vessels and statues out of typical for central Ukraine, which, since the flat carving were reinforced by inlays of Ukrainian folk painting may be found clay, glazing and firing the finished product antiquity has been renowned for a number horn, metal wires, small nails or beads. The on walls, furniture, ceramics, glass, paper were developed over many centuries. of excellent clay deposits. main decorative principle in preparing The third stamp in the series shows an these flat carvings was to divide the surface ornamental plate from western Ukraine. into smaller and smaller geometric areas: Wood carving is a very elaborate type of squares, circles, semicircles, rectangles, tri- Remembering Kateryna Bilokur folk art, typically practiced in the wooded angles, etc. The 40-kopiika stamp illus- mountainous areas. The oldest extant trates just such a technique in a contempo- Ukraine’s most recent special release featuring folk art was part of a com- examples of woodworking date only from memoration of the 50th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human rary object. the 17th century because, unfortunately, The final stamp of the sheet is devoted Rights (Figure 7). Two stamps with a central non-denominated label show paint- wood decays fairly rapidly. These exam- ings by Kateryna Bilokur (1900-1961), the self-taught but amazingly talented ples are called “obrazy” (pictures), because (Continued on page 17) master of folk art from the village of Bohdanivka, Poltava region. As a young- ster, Bilokur’s parents frowned on her passion for art, but she persisted and was eventually allowed to paint. Recognition of her work began to grow steadily before World War II, but almost all of her pre-war paintings were lost when the Poltava Art Museum burned down. The 15 years after the war were her most productive and creative. A spinster, semi-invalid and somewhat of a recluse, she died alone in her native village. The two flanking stamps show pictures of flowers (her favorite subject) from her pre- and post-war periods. The painting on the 30-kopiika stamp is titled “Flowers in Fog” (1940); the subject of the 50-kopiika stamp on the right is “Bouquet of Flowers” (1959). A self-portrait of the artist appears on the central label.

Figure 7: The Declaration of Human Rights release honoring Kateryna Bilokur. Figure 4: A Hutsul “troisti muzyky” folk ensemble entertaining a group of dancers; all are dressed in folk attire. No. 23 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 11

DATELINE NEW YORK: Celebrations around town by Helen Smindak

At the rate events have been taking Ukrainian community so that 50 years place this season at the Ukrainian from now, 100 years from now, Institute of America, this institution can Ukrainians – not just in New York City be considered the leading venue of and the United States – but throughout Ukrainian cultural events in New York. the world can look at this building and be During the past month, the institute host- happy, grateful, encouraged and enthused ed a gala fund-raising concert starring by what we have contributed and done bass Paul Plishka, an all-Lysenko pro- here today.” gram featuring soprano Oksana He thanked all those who had assisted Krovytska, an evening of impassioned in planning and preparing the event, with poetry and music by the Zankovetska special acknowledgment to Mr. Plishka Theater Group from Lviv, and an end-of- for donating his services to the institute, the-season frolic for the Music and Me and the Crown Jewel Endowment bene- preschool program. factors, Mr. and Mrs. Dzus Jr. ($10,000), Meanwhile, on the Lower East Side, Myron and Olha Hnateyko ($5,000) and the New York Bandura ensemble cele- a group of people who donated between brated its 25th anniversary with a concert $1,000 and $2,000. These included Ostap by its students and Kyiv bandura virtu- and Ursula Balaban, Joseph and Olha oso Roman Hrynkiv. Boba, Dr. Michael George and Mrs. A star and a crown jewel Ulana George, Marko and Ljubow Melnitshcenko, Walter and Frances Nazarewicz, Andrew and Larysa Met Opera star Paul Plishka is never Paschuk, Yaroslawa Rubel, Shandor & so happy as when he’s performing. He’s Co. Inc. and Dr. Eugene Steckiw. also happy chatting with friends and Principal benefactors were given a pri- admirers after a performance. Both ideals vate photo opportunity with Mr. Plishka were attained when he appeared at the after the concert. Later, guests mingled Ukrainian Institute of America last and chatted in a festive cafe setting on month in a fund-raising concert and the third floor. Mr. Plishka, surrounded reception benefiting the UIA’s Crown by admiring fans, continued to beam Theodore Dzus Jr. (left), grandson of UIA founder William Dzus, and his wife, Jewel Endowment. with happiness. Carol, with Met opera star Paul Plishka and pianist Thomas Hrynkiw. Mr. Plishka’s vibrant program began with a selection of contemplative songs A Lysenko tribute especially noted, songs such as the very admirable rendering of the ever- by Ihor Sonevytsky, compositions by humorous “Kazav Meni Batko” (My popular “Vziav By Ya Banduru” (I’d Stanislav Liudkevych and Mykola In the six years since she joined the Father Bid Me Marry). Mr. Hnatiuk, who Take Up My Bandura). For contrast, Mr. Lysenko, as well as the forceful Sultan’s New York City Opera, soprano Oksana posseses an energetic baritone voice, has Kytasty and his colleague, Mykola aria from Semen Hulak-Artemovsky’s Krovytska has developed and flowered recorded more than 250 works for Nemec, teamed up for the contemporary “Zaporozhets za Dunayem.” The con- into a compelling singer and a mature Ukrainian State Radio and created four Atonal Étude No. 3, a Kytasty composi- cert’s second half highlighted works by personality. Those attributes were music films. He is presently engaged as tion. American composers – robust gambler delightfully evident when she performed deacon at St. Nicholas Ukrainian Ms. Fryz, a solo vocalist whose music songs by John Jacob Nile, Blue in the Music at the Institute concert on Catholic Church in Passaic, N.J. reflects traditional Ukrainian concepts Mountain ballads by Paul Bowles and April 24, fresh from critically acclaimed The accompanist for the performers with individualized arrangements, has compositions exalting the four seasons performances in the title role of NYCO’s was the gifted pianist Thomas Hrynkiw, three popular albums to her credit. by Charles Ives. new production of “Madama Butterfly.” a much sought-after chamber music per- Mr. Hrynkiv, the grand prize winner of Vocally and dramatically at his very In solo work and in appealing duets with former who has had a long association the first Hnat Khotkevych International best in operatic works, Mr. Plishka has mezzo-soprano Charlene Marcinko and with Mr. Plishka. Currently recording Bandurist Competition held in Kyiv in been performing at the Met for over 30 baritone Yaroslav Hnatiuk, she sang with accompaniments to 800 works and solo 1993, has been recognized by such inter- years. Mr. Plishka concluded the first remarkable expressiveness, her stage pieces for Yamaha Disklavier, Mr. nationally renowned musicians as John segment with the comic aria “Madamina! presence warm and gracious. Hrynkiw appears annually at the Williams and Al DiMeola. A bandura Il Catologo” from Mozart’s “Don The concert featured vocal works of Newport Music Festival in Rhode Island, teacher at the Kyiv Conservatory since Giovanni” and the great aria “La Mykola Lysenko (1842-1912), who stud- where he is the artistic advisor and vocal 1995, he designed and built his own Calunnia” from Rossini’s “The Barber of ied and published the folk songs of his director, and at countless other festivals instrument, which produces unusually Seville.” He ended his concert with a native village Hrynky in the Poltava from Alaska to Mexico. rich sounds. powerful performance of two Verdi region, which allowed him to lay the UIA Vice-President Jaroslaw Mr. Kytasty, a member of the famous works. Banquo’s aria from “Macbeth” foundation for the Ukrainian national Kryshtalsky, thanking the performers for Ukrainian Bandurist Chorus, has been and the nobleman Fiesco’s lament “Il school of music. a superb evening of Lysenko music, the NYBE’s musical director from 1980 Lacerato Spirito” from “Simon Among the works chosen by Ms. noted that the concert marked the close to 1987 and from 1997 to the present. He Boccanegra,” bringing the audience to its Krovytska for her solos were poignant of the ninth successful MATI season. He was one of the first Ukrainian artists feet for a standing ovation. Lysenko works with words by Taras presented gifts of appreciation from the from the West to tour in Ukraine, per- True to form, pianist Thomas Hrynkiw Shevchenko – “Sadok Vyshnevyi Kolo institute to two UIA volunteers – editor forming his own arrangements and origi- provided impeccable accomplishment Khaty” (The Cherry Grove) and “Oy, and translator Marta Skorupska, who has nal compositions in more than 100 con- throughout the evening. Odna Ya, Odna” (Alone Am I) – and prepared program notes for years, and certs and on national radio and television The audience included Ukraine’s con- another with words by Ivan Franko, Valida Suk, concert reservations manager in 1989-1990. sul general in New York, Yuriy “Misiatsiu Kniaziu” (Princely Moon). and receptionist. The NYBE board of directors, intro- Bohaievsky, and his son, Vitaliy; She interpreted Maryltsia’s aria from the The MATI concert series is managed duced by Iryna Czorny Andreadis, a Theodore Dzus Jr., grandson of Institute opera “Taras Bulba” with great depth and by Mykola Suk, artistic director; Taras founding member of the school and her- founder William Dzus, with his wife, feeling. Shegedyn, executive director; and Virko self a board member, includes executive Carol, and other members of the Dzus In her debut performance at the UIA, Baley, artistic advisor. director Nick Czorny, Mr. Kytasty, family; and a group of guests from Ms. Marcinko displayed a strong voice A bandura celebration Myroslaw Shmigel, Maria Kozycka, Washington, among them, George and excellent stage presence in such Sviatoslav Makarenko and Bohdan Chopivsky. songs as “Yak by Zustrilysia My Znovu” Kopystiansky. Event co-chairman Bohdan Shandor (If Ever We Should Meet Again), a The steady melodious plink, plink of Music for everyone told the audience before the concert, “We Lysenko work set to Shevchenko’s bandura strings plucked in unison by a group of youths age 8 to 18; the fresh, are here to celebrate the UIA building words. The daughter of Glenda and Six members of Lviv’s renowned bright voice of bandura instrumentalist and to celebrate maintaining this building Patrick Marcinko of Olyphant, Pa. (Mr. Zankovetska Theater Ensemble, who Olya Chodoba Fryz singing Ukrainian within the Ukrainian community for a Marcinko serves as deacon at Ss. Cyril stayed behind when the main troupe folk songs; the unique improvisation very, very long time. The reason that we and Methodius Church there), she holds returned to Ukraine last January, have stylings of Kyiv bandurist Roman formed the Crown Jewel Endowment degrees from Boston University and the been touring from town to town with pre- Hrynkiv – these glorious sounds emanat- was to create an endowment fund that Peabody Conservatory, gaining her early sentations that bring tears to the eyes of ed from the auditorium of the Ukrainian will allow the Ukrainian Institute to experience at the Pittsburgh Opera their Ukrainian American compatriots. Liberation Center on a recent Saturday maintain these fabulous quarters forev- Center, the Aspen Opera Theater, the On May 8, at the Ukrainian Institute of afternoon, celebrating the establishment er.” Opera Theater of St. Louis and the America, the group presented a costumed “This is a historic building which can- Washington Opera. of the New York Bandura Ensemble 25 dramatization of works by Taras not undergo any renovations or any Mr. Hnatiuk, a native of years ago and the kickoff to the next 25 Shevchenko, including poems, songs and changes without the approval of the New Bilobozhnytsia in the Ternopil Oblast years. excerpts from Shevchenko’s “The Slave” York Historical Society. That adds to the who studied voice at the Veriovka Choir Students of bandura schools in New delivered proudly and fervently. Headed cost and complexity of anything we do,” Studio and the R. Glière Music Academy, York and Yonkers, taught by Julian by Stepan Hlova, the group includes Mr. Shandor added. Reviewing renova- is a graduate of the opera division of the Kytasty, and a group from Astoria, Mykola Shunevych, Nazar Stryhun, Ihor tions made in recent years, Mr. Shandor Tchaikovsky Conservatory in Kyiv. His Queens, directed by Alla Kutsevich, gave Havryliv, Olena Smolynets and Ludmilla concluded: “Our goal is to make this solo contributions to the program were a charming concert of simple folk songs, building the ‘crown jewel’ of the Ukrainian folk songs, for which he is including Misevych’s “Kozachok” and a (Continued on page 12) 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 No. 23

THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY Roman Rudnytsky performs concerts from Australia, to Britain, to Chile

YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio – Concert pianist Roman Rudnytsky one of the most traveled of all classical performers, will be on tour for extended concerts CALL ( 973) 292-9800 from June 6 to September 16. The core of his activities will be his 11th Australian tour, which will take place June 25 to September 1, compris- ing 21 concerts in all the mainland ECONOMY AIIRFARES Australian states. Among these concerts NYC - Lviv - NYC will be appearances as soloist with two orchestras. He will perform the + tax Rachmaninoff Concerto No. 2 in C (round trip) minor with the Zelman Memorial $709 + tax Orchestra in Melbourne and the Chopin (one way) Concerto No. 1 in E minor with the $518 Cairns (Queensland) Youth Orchestra. Fregata Travel Mr. Rudnytsky, who has now played 250 West 57 Street, #1211 in 70 countries around the world, first New York, NY 10107 Tel.: 212-541-5707 Fax: 212-262-3220 visited Australia in 1979 and has played about 350 concerts there in all. Before and after the Australian tour, Concert pianist Roman Rudnytsky. he will give six recitals on two cruises HOUSE FOR SALE from Britain to the Mediterranean. From Victoria belong to the British P&O com- Foordmore Rd, Kerhonkson June 6 to June 20 he will be performing pany – one of the largest and oldest of all one-half mile from UNA estate. 5 BR, 2B, LR, DR, EIK. Fam R w/fp, Cedar Sun R., Deck, aboard the Oriana. Ports of call to be vis- cruise liners.) Screened Porch and AG Pool. Corner lot, 1 acre. ited include Gibraltar, the islands of On Sunday, May 2, Mr. Rudnytsky $139,900 – Will negotiate. Elba, Corsica, Menorca and Mallorca, played a recital for the Cleveland-area 914-626-2301 Monte Carlo, Toulon (France), and Santa Ukrainian community as a fund-raiser Margherita and Livorno (both in Italy). for a charity helping blind children in Mr. Rudnytsky’s concerts since the Lviv. FIRST QUALITY fall of 1998 have included a recital in Planned concerts in the fall of this year UKRAINIAN TRADITIONAL-STYLE Tunisia as part of the music festival include his seventh tour in Chile (late “October Musicales de Carthage” (at the October), a recital on the island of Aruba MONUMENTS famous ruins), performances in (November) and performances in the U.S. SERVING NY/NJ/CT REGION CEMETERIES Venezuela as soloist with the orchestras Since 1972 Mr. Rudnytsky has been a OBLAST of the cities of Maracaíbo and Mérida, member of the piano faculty of the Dana his sixth tour in Chile (seven recitals), School of Music of Youngstown State MEMORIALS recitals in Britain, plus performances University and in 1990 received a P.O. BOX 746 Chester, NY 10918 aboard the Victoria on a Caribbean cruise “Distinguished Professor Award” from from Barbados. (Both the Oriana and the that institution. 914-469-4247 YEVSHANDistributor of fine Ukrainian products - Cassettes, Compact BILINGUAL HOME APPOINTMENTS discs - Videos - Language tapes & Dictionaries - Computer were guided by piano music as they went fonts for PC & MAC - Imported Icons - Ukrainian Stationery through the motions of planting, feeding, - Cookbooks - Food parcels to Ukraine Celebrations... (Continued from page 11) watering, cultivating and harvesting an oversize fabric turnip with the help of Call for a free catalog Nikonchuk. (Mr. Hlova and Ms. “farmer” Walter Zarycky, a politics pro- Nikonchuk are Merited Artists of 1-800-265-9858 fessor at New York University. VISA - MASTERCARD - AMEX ACCEPTED Ukraine.) They travel in one van, accept- Mr. Zarycky, whose daughter attends FAX ORDERS ACCEPTED (514) 630-9960 ing whatever stopover accommodations the Music and Me preschool program, BOX 325, BEACONSFIELD, QUEBEC are offered along the way. They are CANADA - H9W 5T8 filled in for an indisposed youngster. deserving of support and assistance. Do The children celebrated the end of see their performance when they stop in their school year with musical games and your town; you will be impressed with its a refreshment break as beaming parents FIRST AVENUE MEAT PRODUCTS patriotic fervor. and sleepy-eyed babes-in-arms looked ~ HOMEMADE KIELBASY AND COLD CUTS ~ A rainy afternoon did not dampen the on. Taking part as observers were the spirits of a group of preschool children non-Ukrainian parents of two adopted 140 1st Avenue (between 8-9 Streets) UKRAINIAN SINGLES New York, N.Y. 10009 who were busy planting and harvesting a children from Ukraine – a small girl from NEWSLETTER turnip in the Ukrainian Institute’s concert Sevastopol and a little boy from Kyiv – Monday - Friday 8 a.m. - 7:30 p.m. Serving Ukrainian singles of all ages hall May 23. Taking part in a playlet who have been enrolled in the preschool Saturday 8 a.m. - 6:30 p.m. throughout the United States and Canada. SUNDAY 9 A.M. - 2 P.M. devised and narrated by their music program which begins in September, to For information send a self-addressed teacher, Marta Sawycky, the children be kept close to their ancestral culture. (212) 777-4583 stamped envelope to: Single Ukrainians Turning the pages... P.O. Box 24733, Phila., Pa. 19111 (Continued from page 6) WEST2282 Bloor St. W., Toronto, ARKA Ont., Canada M6S 1N9 the two peoples, as well as ensure loyalty to Austria-Hungary. “KARPATY” HANDYMAN In 1891 Barvinsky was elected as a deputy to the imperial Parliament in Vienna, where Gifts PAINTING • RENOVATION • REPAIRS he served until 1907. In 1894 he also began his 10-year term as a deputy to the Galician Ukrainian Handicrafts INTERIOR/EXTERIOR Diet (the regional parliament), representing the Catholic Ruthenian People’s Union Art, Ceramics, Jewellery A. CHORNY Quality work! Reasonable rates! (CRPU) Books, Newspapers Quick turnaround! However, 1894 also marked the year that the New Era arrangement fell apart. Repeated Cassettes, CDs, Videos Free estimates. No job too small. Polish manipulation of elections, and the restriction of reforms to some concessions in sec- Embroidery Supplies Vasili Cholak ondary and post-secondary education (particularly at the expense of the Ukrainian peas- Packages and Services to Ukraine Tel. (718) 973-6821; Beeper (917) 491-6150 antry) prompted Romanchuk and the majority of the Ukrainian populists to join forces with more radical activists such as Ivan Franko and Mykola Pavlyk. Tel.: (416) 762-8751 Fax: (416) 767-6839 Barvinsky and others, including Metropolitan Sylvester Sembratovych (who had appointed Barvinsky to the LTS faculty) and the composer Anatol Vakhnianyn, stood by their more conciliatory positions. In 1897 he established and edited the daily Ruslan, which promulgated this line. In 1911 Barvinsky reorganized the CRPU as the Christian Social Party, although he failed in his re-election bid. Need a back issue? In 1918 Barvinsky served as the Western Ukrainian National Republic’s secretary If you’d like to obtain a back issue of of education and religious affairs. After Polish forces captured Lviv, he retired from The Ukrainian Weekly, send $2 per copy political life. (first-class postage included) to: Oleksander Barvinsky died in Lviv on December 25, 1926. Administration, The Ukrainian Weekly, 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054. Sources: “Barvinsky, Oleksander,” “New Era,” “Populism,” Encyclopedia of Ukraine, Vols. 1, 3, 4 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984, 1993). No. 23 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 13

Anatolii Solovyanenko to perform Paris to Kyiv ensemble debuts in recitals in U.S. and Canada in D.C. at Embassy of France PARSIPPANY, N.J. — The renowned WASHINGTON – Alexis Kochan and end in this area and that the Senlis tourist Ukrainian opera singer Anatolii her ensemble, Paris to Kyiv, made their brochure mentions “Anne of Kiev” Solovyanenko arrived recently in the Washington debut on April 29, under the because in 1060 she founded an abbey United States, where he will appear in sponsorship of The Washington Group dedicated to St. Vincent, the patron saint recitals for Ukrainian communities. Cultural Fund, presenting a program of of vineyards and winemakers. The vine- During the tour he will also perform in Ukrainian songs at the Embassy of yards flourished and brought prosperity Canada. France. and wealth to the Senlis area. The tenor began his tour with an TWG Cultural Fund Director Laryssa Ms. Chopivsky also noted also that appearance at the Glen Gould Hall in Lapychak Chopivsky opened the evening Princess Anna Yaroslavna was apparently Toronto on May 30, where his perform- with a short history of French-Ukrainian the only literate person in King Henry’s ance was enthusiastically received by the relations, in which she pointed out that court and signed many official docu- audience. the French connection with Ukraine dates ments “Queen Anna” in Cyrillic. Upon winning a voice competition in back almost a millennium to the After this informative introduction, Moscow, Mr. Solovyanenko received a Ukrainian Prince Yaroslav the Wise and Ms. Chopivsky introduced and welcomed scholarship to Milan’s La Scala, where one of his daughters, Princess Anna the musical ensemble Paris to Kyiv: he studied from 1963 to 1965. He was a Yaroslavna, who married the French Ukrainian Canadian vocalist Ms. Kochan, the renowned bandurist Julian soloist with the Kyiv Theater of Opera King Henry I. Kytasty, jazz violist Richard Moody and and Ballet from 1965 to 1993. Ms. Chopivsky recounted her trip to multi-instrumentalist Martin College, Well on his way to an illustrious France, where she visited the beautiful who played the lute, sitar and career, he concertized throughout the medieval town of Senlis, just 40 kilome- Soviet Union and countries of the Northumbrian pipes. ters from Paris, where Princess Anna Eastern bloc, as well as Germany, Ms. Kochan, who is a singer, teacher, Renowned Ukrainian tenor Anatolii lived and is believed to be buried. She Australia, Japan and Canada. Solovyanenko. explained that Anna Yaroslavna is a leg- (Continued on page 20) In 1977-1978 he sang at The Metropolitan Opera in New York in the among others. roles of Turiddu in Mascagni’s Mr. Solovyanenko’s discography “Cavalleria Rusticana” and the Duke of includes 18 recordings and three CDs Mantua in Verdi’s “Rigoletto.” featuring operatic arias, Ukrainian folk A native of the coal-mining region of songs and Russian romances. Donetsk, he was born into a miner’s fam- Among his latest CDs are “Anatolii ily. Mr. Solovyanenko graduated from Solovyanenko: Italian Arias and the Donetsk Polytechnical Institute and studied singing under Oleksander Songs,” released in 1996 (distributed by Korobeichenko. He completed his studies S.I.T. Karavan CD), and “Anatolii at the Kyiv Conservatory of Music in Solovyanenko: Ukrainian Folk Songs” 1978. (1998). Mr. Solovyanenko was accorded the In his upcoming recitals in North title of National Artist of the Soviet America, Mr. Solovyanenko, accompa- Union in 1975 and was the recipient of nied by pianist Volodymyr Vynnytsky, the Druzhba Narodiv Lenin Prize in will perform selections from Italian and 1980. He was awarded Ukraine’s presti- Ukrainian opera, as well as Ukrainian gious Taras Shevchenko State Prize in songs. 1997. Mr. Solovyanenko’s itinerary will Mr. Solovyanenko’s diverse operatic include appearances in Philadelphia on repertoire included the lead tenor roles Sunday, June 13; Buffalo, N.Y., on of Italian opera — including “Edgardo Saturday, June 19; Rochester, N.Y., on in Donizetti’s “Lucia di Lammermoor,” Sunday, June 20; Hamilton, Ontario, on Alfredo in Verdi’s “La Traviata,” Wednesday, June 23; Hunter, N.Y., on Rodolfo in Puccini’s “La Boheme” and Sunday, July 4 at the Grazhda concert Cavaradossi in “Tosca” — as well as hall; as well as Boston (date to be Des Grieux in Massenet’s “Manon,” announced). Natalie Sluzar Lensky in Tchaikovsky’s “Eugene For specific information and addition- Paris to Kyiv ensemble members Alexis Kochan and Julian Kytasty are greeted Onegin,” Andrii in Hulak-Artemovsky’s al listings of Mr. Solovyanenko’s recitals, with flowers by Alison Courtney (daughter of U.S. Ambassador William “Zaporozhets za Dunayem” and Petro check the weekly calendar in “Preview Courtney, an honorary member of The Washington Group), after their concert in Lysenko’s “Natalka Poltavka,” of Events.” at the Embassy of France in Washington. EASTERN ECONOMIST

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ROCHESTER UKRAINIAN Ukrainian pro hockey update FEDERAL CREDIT UNION by Ihor Stelmach

Andreychuk not done yet such as a very conservative defensive approach during the Jacques Lemaire era, Discreetly, but not silently, the New which transformed him from a goal-scor- Jersey Devils wondered whether Dave er to a component of the neutral zone Andreychuk was finished. As he strug- trap. He still scored big goals, but not as gled all of 1997-1998, it was suggested many as he might have scored elsewhere. the 500-goal scorer had lost his scoring He blamed himself for scoring only 14 touch. goals in 1997-1998. But if Devils’ coach Robbie Ftorek’s “I tried to think back to when I had a looser reins have proved anything this tougher year,” he said. “Maybe my first current season, it is that Andreychuk does year of junior. It was tougher mentally still have it. After scoring the game-win- more than anything. Physically, my game ning goal in overtime against the hasn’t changed,” he noted. Philadelphia Flyers before Christmas, Khristich productive in Beantown Andreychuk actually shared the team lead in goals with Petr Sykora. Statistics like those compiled by “He’s doing the things he has always Dimitri Khristich would normally attract done well,” Ftorek said. a great deal of attention. However, when Even more impressive was the fact the numbers are put up by a quiet man Andreychuk, 35, was in double figures in who really goes all out to deflect atten- goals (he finished the recently concluded tion, it’s left to the others to express how 1998-1999 regular season with 15 goals), well the 29-year-old Ukrainian right- despite missing several games with a winger performed for the Boston Bruins bruised sternum following a hit from this season. Florida Panthers’ forward Peter Worrell “You can tell he was determined,” and assorted other physical ailments later said coach Pat Burns. “When he had that on. face on him, he could really play the “I don’t know who was concerned. I game. Dima [Khristich’s nickname] was wasn’t concerned,” Andreychuk said. “It in the zone. He was in a groove a couple was a while before I felt back to normal. of times during the season where he was My first week back I didn’t play great, really playing well.” but then I felt pretty good. Before that, I Byron Dafoe’s top drawer goaltend- couldn’t do too much. I feel more confi- ing, Ray Bourque’s standard top-notch dent.” play, holdouts by Anson Carter and Kyle At the time, some three months into McLaren that were eventually settled, a this season, Andreychuk was being men- short-lived comeback attempt by Cam tioned among the top candidates for the Neely and the second-half coming-on by Bill Masterton Trophy for perseverance. future star Joe Thornton managed to keep He basically played in some degree of the spotlight off Khristich almost all sea- pain all season long. son long. “I think it [the pain] is going to be For the year he was Boston’s second there for a while. It’s just going to linger most productive player. His 29 goals led on,” Andreychuk said. “It’s like a the Bruins while his assist total (42) sprained wrist. That’s what I’ve been placed him in third. His 71 total points told. I just have to deal with it.” In his time, he has dealt with worse, (Continued on page 15)

many theatrical groups from Ukraine also The UNA, Soyuzivka... have appeared on the stages of the resort, (Continued from page 5) later touring other cities of the country. 1969. The resort is also home to popular Both Soyuzivka and the UNA Home dance camps that began well over 25 Office employ students – especially dur- years ago – first under the instruction of ing the summer period. Such opportuni- Volodymyr Bacad of the Avramenko ties recognize the need for students to School of Dance, later Petro Marunchak earn a little during their vacations and yet and now Roma Pryma Bohachevsky. spend time in a setting where they can Over the years thousands of children meet their contemporaries and fellow have benefited from one or more of these Ukrainians. camps. Camp participants of the past Activities at Soyuzivka are geared have continued their Ukrainian camping toward promoting Ukrainian culture and Volume I and II tradition by bringing their own children enhancing parents’ efforts to rear their You can obtain both volumes for only $130.00 to Soyuzivka camps. children in a Ukrainian milieu. By sup- Including Postage Other than camps, Soyuzivka holds tennis tournaments, swim meets and vol- porting and maintaining Soyuzivka, the ORDER NOW leyball competitions for sports enthusi- UNA offers a setting that nurtures asts. The resort remains a principal set- younger generations aware of their ethnic Fill out the order blank below and mail it with your check or money order ting for youth gatherings and meetings of background and mindful of the needs of USE THIS COUPON! many youth organizations. their Ukrainian community. Countless young Ukrainians from the Thus, it is worthwhile to support the To: UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, Inc. United States and Canada congregate at UNA, which has pledged to continue 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054 the resort during Fourth of July and focusing its programs on the younger Labor Day weekends. They come sim- I hereby order Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopaedia generation and subsidizing Soyuzivka as q ply because “everyone will be there.” long as possible. By joining the ranks of q Volume I — $75.00 (was $95) (One can only guess how many happy the UNA, members can promote youth- q Volume II — $75.00 (was $95) unions began with a first meeting at Volume I & II — $130.00 (was $170) oriented programs. By supporting Soyuzivka.) Soyuzivka, they can be sure that their NJ residents: add 6% sales tax For young ladies, there is the annual children and grandchildren, too, will be Miss Soyuzivka contest, during which Enclosed is (a check, M.O.) for the amount $______able to enjoy all that Soyuzivka has to Please send the book (s) to the following address: they are judged on their knowledge of Ukrainian culture, their community offer. So, here’s the key: become involved in Name involvement and their talents. Soyuzivka has become known also as a venue for the Ukrainian community, support local No. Street the presentation of art by young artists, community activities, join your local be it in performing or fine arts. Singers, UNA branches, come and vacation at City State Zip Code bands and choirs often have their first Soyuzivka. Help the UNA help our com- performance on the Soyuzivka stage; munity. No. 23 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 15

Panthers’ GM Bryan Murray and the Pro hockey... scouts winced over Ratchuk’s five ele- (Continued from page 14) mentary defensive zone turnovers. was second best. Perhaps his most com- “That first game, I was thinking about pelling statistical achievement was his making the team rather than the game,” 20.1 percent shooting percentage – an Ratchuk said. “I was really nervous. The unusually high number for a first-line second game, I told myself to relax and play the way I can. I just had to go out, forward. It was best on the club. He tied play with confidence and know I belong for second in game-winning tallies with here.” six. Of course, being the modest fellow The Buffalo native was picked in the he is, Khristich downplayed all of the first round of the 1996 entry draft by the above. Colorado Avalanche, but never signed “If I stop doing the right things, it’s all with that team. He scored 23 goals and going to go away,” he said. “I’m trying 54 points in 60 games with Hull of the not to celebrate too much.” Quebec League in 1997-1998. Unlike their valuable right-winger, the This past 1998-1999 regular season Boston Beantown hockey club celebrated Ratchuk got into 24 games with the par- quite a bit in 1998-1999 as the Hub skat- ent Panthers, totalling two points (1 goal) ed past the Carolina Hurricanes into a and 10 penalty minutes. He spent about second-round playoff confrontation with half the campaign in the AHL and rode their division rival Buffalo Sabres. the Beast of New Haven to Florida shut- Ratchuk lands on own board tle like a regular commuter. (Quotes courtesy of Rich Chere, Mike Most professional athletes are very Loftus and David Neal, beat writers for mindful not to say things that might wind The Hockey News, covering the New up on an offended opposing team’s bul- Jersey Devils, Boston Bruins and Florida letin board. Rookie defenseman Peter Panthers, respectively.) Ratchuk put a whole new twist on that particular notion after notching the game- League leaders winner in the Florida Panthers’ 2-1 pre- season victory over the Boston Bruins. POINTS He wound up on his own team’s bulletin board. 1) Jagr, Pittsburgh 127 “I don’t think there are many other 2) Selanne, Anaheim 107 guys here who can do the things I can do 3) Kariya, Anaheim 101 offensively,” Ratchuk said. 22) KHRISTICH, Boston 72 By the magic-marker-wielding hand of 24) TKACHUK, Phoenix 68 an injured veteran, those words became the bulletin board’s most prominent fea- GOALS ture in the Panthers’ locker room. While it steamed a few vets and seemed awfully 1) Selanne, Anaheim 47 cocky as the goal was the result of a 2) Yashin, Ottawa 44 fluke deflection by Boston’s Ray 3) Jagr, Pittsburgh 44 Bourque, Panthers’ coach Terry Murray Amonte, Chicago 44 plainly liked the 21-year-old. 14) TKACHUK, Phoenix 36 “Ratchuk’s a player,” Murray said. “He’s going to play in the NHL. He’s got ASSISTS great speed and the ability to carry the puck out of trouble. He’s pushing for a 1) Jagr, Pittsburgh 83 spot.” (He eventually got one.) 2) Forsberg, Colorado 67 That willingness to be active put 3) Kariya, Anaheim 62 Ratchuk on coach Murray’s good side 4) Selanne, Anaheim 60 after the first pre-season game, even as 6) GRETZKY, NYRangers 53

Final Ukrainian scoring leaders (through end of regular season)

Player Team GPGAPTSPIM Dimitri Khristich Boston 79 29 42 71 48 Keith Tkachuk Phoenix 68 36 32 68 151 Wayne Gretzky Rangers 70 9 53 62 14 Peter Bondra Washington 66 31 24 55 56 Brian Bellows Washington 76 17 19 36 26 Andrei Nikolishin Washington 73 8 27 35 28 Alexei Zhitnik Buffalo 81 7 26 33 96 Dave Andreychuk New Jersey 52 15 13 28 20 Tony Hrkac Dallas 69 13 14 27 26 Ed Olczyk Chicago 61 10 15 25 29 Oleg Tverdovsky Phoenix 82 7 18 25 32 Steve Konowalchuk Washington 45 12 12 24 26 Drake Berehowsky Edm-Nash 74 2 15 17 140 Mike Maneluk Phila-Chi-NYR 45 6 9 15 20 Richard Matvichuk Dallas 64 3 9 12 51 Ken Daneyko New Jersey 82 2 9 11 63 Brent Fedyk Rangers 67 4 6 10 30 Curtis Leschyshyn Carolina 65 2 7 9 50 Dave Babych Phila-LA 41 2 6 8 22 Joe Kocur Detroit 39 2 5 7 87 Brad Lukowich Dallas 14 1 2 3 19 Greg Pankiewicz Calgary 18 0 3 3 20 Steve Halko Carolina 20 0 3 3 24 Peter Ratchuk Florida 24 1 1 2 10 David Nemirovsky Florida 2 0 1 1 0 Greg Andrusak Pittsburgh 7 0 1 1 4 Wade Belak Col-Cal 31 0 1 1 94 Lee Sorochan Calgary 0 0 0 0 0 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 No. 23

Union and the U.S. Department of State, provides for compiling an inventory of Newsbriefs(Continued from page 2) computerized information systems at Ukrainian Orthodox Interfax reported that both presidents also nuclear power plants and a detailed assess- discussed plans for transporting Caspian oil ment of their compliance. Stage 2 will to Western Europe. Ukraine proposes a involve testing, selection and purchase of Federal Credit Union route extending from Supsa, in Georgia, via Y2K scanning tools, with stages 3 and 4 Odesa and Ukraine to Poland, while focusing on training and scheduling remedi- INVITES ALL MEMBERS TO Romania prefers a route from Odesa to the ation of non-compliance. STCU Deputy Romanian port of Constanta. “The two Director Prof. Frantisek Janouch said that routes will not compete because they will more than $1 million (U.S.) in funding has service different areas,” President Kuchma been secured for all four stages and that commented. (RFE/RL Newsline) additional funds may be provided on an AnnualAnnual PicnicPicnic expedited basis to nuclear power plants that Bulgarian center opens in Odesa submit projects to the STCU board. He said Sunday, June 13, 1999 at 2:00 p.m. ODESA – A Bulgarian Cultural Center that the results of the remediation proposals was inaugurated in Odesa on May 24 by will be made available to all potential Located at: First Lady Liudmyla Kuchma. The center, donors. Nuclear power plants generate approximately 45 percent of Ukraine’s elec- Ukrainian Village which is housed in a former movie theater, will contribute to the preservation and pro- tric energy. Ukrainian watchdog groups say 66 Cedar Grove Ln. motion of the cultural values, traditions and Ukrainian plants are behind schedule for Somerset, NJ customs of the 168 ethnic Bulgarians who Y2K fixes. (Eastern Economist) live in the Odesa region, said Serhii Kyiv Day festivities draw crowds Hrynevetskyi of the Odesa Oblast * FREE FOOD, BEVERAGES, Administration. Mr. Hrynevetskyi added KYIV – Kyiv Day celebrations took * RAFFLE TO BENEFIT ORPHANS IN UKRAINE that the Odesa Oblast has a Bulgarian place over the weekend of May 29-30 with library, a Bulgarian school, as well as a the public enjoying fireworks, free concerts department of Bulgarian studies at Odesa and a theater festival. Artists displayed their Main Office N.J. Branch Offices State University. (Eastern Economist) wares along the old Andriivskiy Uzviz. About 1,500 people took part in the annual Ukraine denies shipping oil to Yugoslavia 215 2nd Avenue 35 Main St. 691 Roosevelt Avenue Chestnut Tree Charity Run on May 29, col- New York, NY 10003 So. Bound Brook, NJ 08880 Carteret, NJ 07008 K YIV – Ukraine’s Foreign Affairs lecting 30,000 hrv in entry fees. The money Tel.: (212) 533-2980 Tel.: (732) 469-9085 Tel.: (732) 802-0480 Ministry on May 26 denied U.S. allegations will go the Okhmadit Children’s Hospital in that Ukraine is delivering oil to Yugoslavia Kyiv. In addition, all public transport was in violation of the oil embargo. “Ukraine free on Sunday. The last day of celebration does not provide oil deliveries to coincided with the holy day of the Holy Yugoslavia, does not offer its vessels for Trinity, 50 days after Easter, and the may- Attention, Students! such deliveries, and does not possess any oral election. (Eastern Economist) Throughout the year Ukrainian student clubs plan and hold activities. information concerning oil transit through The Ukrainian Weekly urges students to let us and the Ukrainian com- Ukrainian ports to Yugoslavia by a third Edict on protection of morals signed munity know about upcoming events. party,” the DPA news agency quoted the KYIV – Ukrainian President Leonid ministry’s statement as saying. Several days Kuchma has signed an edict on “developing The Weekly will be happy to help you publicize them. We will also be earlier, wire services had reported that a spirituality, protecting morals and establish- glad to print timely news stories about events that have already taken Pentagon spokesman, Kenneth Bacon, said ing a healthy way of life,” Ukrainian place. Photos also will be accepted. the U.S. is putting pressure on Ukraine to Television reported on April 28. The docu- stop allowing Russian oil shipments to MAKE YOURSELF HEARD. ment sets up a nationwide body, headed by Yugoslavia via Ukrainian ports on the Vice Prime Minister Valerii Smolii, to coor- Danube. He was quoted as saying: “We dinate the edict’s implementation. Among believe that some of it [oil and petroleum other things, the Cabinet of Ministers and products] is coming from Russia and being local authorities are ordered to take urgent shipped through Ukrainian ports. We’re measures to prevent the “propaganda of NEW NON-STOP JOINT SERVICE very concerned about this. We’re in the violence” in the media and the dissemina- process of talking to Ukrainian officials tion of pornography. “The edict is by no about it in an effort to get them to stop.” means intended to return to the former NEW YORK - KYIV - TASHKENT (RFE/RL Newsline) times [in Ukraine] of censorship or bans of Albright: Ukraine very cooperative a political or ideological character,” Mr. Smolii commented. (RFE/RL Newsline) WASHINGTON – U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright on May 25 said Youth unemployment on the rise that Ukraine has been “very cooperative” in NATO efforts to maintain a strict oil embar- KYIV – The rate of unemployment is on go against Yugoslavia. She added, however, the rise, especially among young people, that the U.S. will “soon” talk with Kyiv said Education Minister Valentyn Zaichuk about allegations that Ukrainian barges speaking in the Verkhovna Rada on May have been shipping oil to Belgrade via the 11. Annually 1.6 million young people River Danube. The New York Times on come through the education system, but May 25 had quoted unnamed U.S. officials many cannot find work, he said. In 1998 as saying that oil is loaded onto Ukrainian alone .76 million people up to age 28 were barges in Ukrainian ports and then shipped registered as unemployed. Mr. Zaichuk across the Black Sea to the Danube. spoke on measures to improve the situation, (RFE/RL Newsline) such as job quotas for employers to help UZBEKISTAN young people secure their first jobs. In 1999 Air Ukraine airways Kuchma signs decree on local taxes 148,000 jobs have been reserved for specif- KYIV – President Leonid Kuchma has ic categories, including 78,500 positions signed a decree on local taxes, that will take reserved specifically for the young. (Eastern effect on January 1, 2000, UNIAN reported Economist) BOEING 767-300 on May 26. The decree establishes manda- Kuchma lists priorities for next decade tory taxes on advertising and foreign tourism, as well a hotel tax for those staying KYIV – Addressing a joint congress of on , and in hotels and camping areas. The decree the Confederation of Employers and the TUESDAYS FRIDAYS SUNDAYS also legalizes the collection of fees for oper- Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, ating trade outlets and service facilities. President Leonid Kuchma said the “consoli- from JFK International Airport Under the decree, towns may impose park- dation of the government system” and ing fees, charge for holding auctions, sales national security is Ukraine’s top priority in INFORMATION AND RESERVATIONS and lotteries, and collect payment for cross- the next stage of its development, Interfax ing the territory of Crimea and border reported. The second priority is the continu- UZBEKISTAN AIRWAYS regions. (RFE/RL Newsline) ation of systemic reforms and market-ori- ented transformations, while the third is to Ukraine gets funding for Y2K compliance 1-212-489-3954 (office) achieve economic growth of 5 to 6 percent KYIV – The Science and Technology of GDP in the next five years and 8 percent 1-212-245-1005 (ticket reservation) Center (STCU) on May 27 approved initial by 2010. He also cited the “drastic” restruc- 1-800-820-2891 (cargo) funding for the coordination of Year 2000 turing of the Ukrainian economy as a priori- compliance in Ukrainian nuclear power ty. The congress unanimously voted to sup- 1-718-244-0251 (fax cargo) plants. The first stage of the project, which port Mr. Kuchma in the October presiden- is financed by the Canada, the European tial elections. (RFE/RL Newsline) No. 23 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 17

A rich heritage... HE KRAINIAN EEKLY (Continued from page 10) Established 1893 EstablishedT U 1933 W to a particular type of embroidery, “bis- PUBLISHED BY THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION INC. erom” (an Arabic word, describing embroi- 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054 • (973) 292-9800 • Fax (973) 644-9510 dery with little beads). This type of embroi- dery is particularly effective on a type of Advertising Contract leather jacket, called a “kyptar.” The 20- q with SVOBODA kopiika stamp illustrates a kyptar from q western Ukraine. The sleeveless kyptars with THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY are a traditional item of clothing in the 1-9 ads ...... $12.00 per inch/SC Carpathian Mountains and foothills; they 10 or more ads ...... 20% discount Firm:...... are trimmed with fur, ornamented dyed 24 or more ads ...... 25% discount Address: ...... leather strips, embroidery using a floral 52 ads ...... 30% discount Per: ...... design, colored wool strings and small beads. The colors of the threads used in the SVOBODA (Published in Ukrainian on Fridays) embroidery are mostly green, reddish-blue ALL ADVERTISEMENTS MUST BE RECEIVED BY WEDNESDAY TO BE PRINTED IN THE FOLLOWING WEEK ISSUE. and yellow. OBITUARIES ACCEPTED BY TELEPHONE UNTIL 9:00 A.M. WEDNESDAY. This folk art overview is by no means ADVERTISING RATES intended to be exhaustive. Nevertheless, it Figure 5: Flora and fauna motifs typical FULL PAGE (58”) ...... $600.00 QUARTER PAGE (141/2) ...... $165.00 should be apparent that Ukraine’s folk her- of Ukrainian embroidery. HALF PAGE (29”) ...... $310.00 EIGHTH PAGE (71/4) ...... $85.00 itage is well-represented on its philatelic 1. All General Advertising ...... 1 inch, single column ...... $12.00 issues. Volodymyr Bekhtir is president of the 2. Fraternal and Community Advertising ...... 1 inch, single column ...... $ 7.50 Philatelic Society of Ukraine and is on the 3. Information on Mechanical Requirements: A different version of this folk art survey editorial board of Poshta i Filateliia a) Width of one column ...... 2 5/16 inches first appeared in Linn’s Stamp News. The Ukrainy. b) Length of one column ...... 141/2 inches authors wish to recognize the help provid- Dr. Ingert Kuzych may be contacted c) Columns to a page ...... 4 ed by Lubomyr Onyshkevych and Val at P.O. Box 3, Springfield, VA 22150; Zabijaka in the preparation of this article. [email protected] THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY (Published in English on Sundays) ALL ADVERTISEMENTS MUST BE RECEIVED ONE WEEK PRIOR TO PUBLICATION: FRIDAY NOON. ADVERTISING RATES FULL PAGE (58”) ...... $600.00 QUARTER PAGE (141/2) ...... $165.00 HALF PAGE (29”) ...... $310.00 EIGHTH PAGE (71/4)...... $ 85.00

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Figure 6: The special folk art miniature sheet.

Crimean Tatars... (Continued from page 2) out for peace and understanding at the rally, some inhabitants of Symferopol, with the Serbian and Bosnian conflict in mind, said it is impossible for Christians and Muslims to live together peacefully. In Kyiv, Georgii Popov, head of the Verkhovna Rada’s Committee for Human Rights, Minorities and Ethnic Issues, said the problems of the Tatars should not be given special priority; rather they should be solved along with the overall economic problems of the country. Mr. Popov said, “these problems are felt especially painful- ly by those repatriated to Crimea, to the place where their ancestors lived.” But, he added, “this same difficulty is the general situation in Ukraine.” 18 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 No. 23 Yevshan Choir performs at Connecticut College on Earth Day

NEW LONDON, Conn. – The Yevshan Ukrainian Folk Ensemble performed in concert at Harkness Chapel on the campus of Connecticut College in New London on Sunday, April 18. The concert was part of a daylong commemo- ration of Earth Day, which was organized by the students and environmental organizations at this renowned liberal arts college in southeastern Connecticut. The concert followed a short presentation on the Chornobyl nuclear disaster by Alex Kuzma, director of development for the Children of Chornobyl Relief Fund. The Hartford-based choir of 20 men and women performed several selections from the Easter Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom, including “An Angel Proclaimed” and the Greek hymn “Xristos Anesti,” as well as two evocative laments from the Polissian-Chornobyl region arranged by Mykola Kolessa: “Zhuravko” and “Oh, Barren Fields.” The concert also featured the bandura trio of Christine Jamaghian, Daria Richardson and Irene Kytasty-Kuzma. The concert ended with works by Yatsynevych, Avdievsky and Lysenko celebrating the resiliency of the Ukrainian people and the Lyda Atwood richness and beauty of the Ukrainian countryside. Members of the Yevshan Choir during their performance at Connecticut College in New London.

the NJCC-UCCA. I apologize to those Re: reasons... individuals who have honestly worked (Continued from page 6) very hard on festival committees even as plus interest, should amount to a lofty sum the ship was sinking. There are a number in 1997. Why weren’t these funds used to individuals with whom I had the distinct pleasure of working as they worked tire- save the festival? lessly to preserve our beautiful culture. I think the public, especially the com- Unfortunately, some of their leaders were mittee members, have a right to know. If not as sincerely dedicated. these funds were used for recognized I firmly believe that the Ukrainian Ukrainian causes, then the NJCC-UCCA Festival U.S.A. can be resurrected at the should proudly disclose these donations. I PNC Arts Center. I am certain there are think full disclosure is in order. many qualified people who cherish our I have used some very strong words culture above politics, and who will strive referring to the festival committees and to for professionalism rather than cronyism.

progress and growth. Europe... Leftist efforts to reintegrate Ukraine (Continued from page 7) with a moribund Russia, I believe, are edged, let alone apologized for, what their bound to fail. Let’s hope so. In Bible, Lot’s party did to Maria Dyka, Mykola wife looked back on the destruction of Khvyliovy or the millions of other victims Sodom and was turned to salt. Any orienta- of Soviet criminal insanity. What’s worse, tion backward for Ukraine toward the their refusal to return the land to the people malevolent legacy of Moscow and the or to privatize the agricultural sector per- Soviet Union promises the same sterility petuates the evil of the collective farm sys- and paralysis. Chairman Tkachenko and tem Stalin established with the Great followers should educate themselves about Famine. With Stalin as their legacy and their country’s past. Soviet ideology as their platform, the They might start by reading the letter Communists and their allies have no solu- Mykola Khvyliovy left on his desk 66 tions to offer a country that’s desperate for years ago – he wrote it for them. To subscribe: Send $50 ($40 if you are a member of the UNA) to The Ukrainian Weekly, Subscription Department, 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054 THEY COULD BE YOURS

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ADDRESS: ______income by referring customers to our advertising department. Your earnings will be based CITY: ______on the amount of advertising you attract to our pages. STATE: ______ZIP: ______For details please write or call: Svoboda Administration, Advertising Department, DAYTIME PHONE: ______2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054 (973) 292-9800 No. 23 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 19 Conference on Ukrainian Subjects slated at U. of Illinois for June 14-19

CHAMPAIGN, ILL. – The 18th annual Shtohryn to be guest speaker at the opening Conference of Ukrainian Subjects will be of the Archives of the Ukrainian held June 14-19 at the University of Illinois. Community in Australia at the State Library The theme of the conference this year is of New South Wales in Sydney. Ñ¥ÎËÏÓÒfl ÒÛÏÌÓ˛ ‚¥ÒÚÍÓ˛, ˘Ó ‚ ÔÓ̉¥ÎÓÍ, 17 Úð‡‚Ìfl 1999 ð “Between Modernism and Post Modernism: Prof. Shtohryn also presented a special Ô¥ÒÎfl ‚‡ÊÍÓª ÌÂ‰Û„Ë ‚¥‰¥È¯Ó‚ Û ‚¥˜Ì¥ÒÚ¸ New Developments in Ukrainian lecture for Ukrainian organizations in Philosophy, Art and Literature.” Sessions, Sydney and Brisbane. In addition, he vis- ·Î. Ô. which are free and open to the public, are ited libraries and departments of Slavic scheduled for 9 a.m.-noon, 1-3 p.m. and studies at Macquarie University, the Ï£ð Ôð‡‚ 3:30-5:30 p.m. each day in Rooms 314 A University of Newcastle and the and B of the Illini Union, 1401 W. Green University of Sydney. ÇéãéÑàåàê äãßò St., Urbana. Late last year, five Ukrainian libraries, Dmytro Shtohryn, organizer of this and institutes and societies invited Prof. ̇ð. ‚ ëflÌÓˆ¥ ̇ ãÂÏÍ¥‚˘ËÌ¥ 13 βÚÓ„Ó 1913 ð. all previous Ukrainian conferences at the Shtohryn to present papers at their confer- University of Illinios and chairperson of the ences. They included the Volodymyr èÄçÄïàÑÄ ‚¥‰·Û·Òfl ‚ ÔÓıÓðÓÌÌÓÏÛ Á‡‚‰ÂÌÌ¥ ä‡ð‰Ë̇·. University’s Ukrainian Research Program, Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine and èéïéêéççß ‚¥‰Ôð‡‚Ë ‚¥‰·ÛÎËÒfl ‚ ˆÂðÍ‚¥ Ò‚. åËÍÓ·fl. èÓÍ¥ÈÌÓ„Ó ÔÓıÓðÓÌÂÌÓ said that more than 40 speakers – primarily the National Parliamentary Library, both in ̇ ÛÍð‡ªÌÒ¸ÍÓÏÛ ˆ‚ËÌÚ‡ð¥ Ò‚. ÇÓÎÓ‰ËÏËð‡ ‚ éÍ‚ËÎ ·¥Îfl íÓðÓÌÚÓ. scholars from Canada, Germany, Ukraine Kyiv; the Maxim Gorky Scientific Library and the United States – will present papers. in Odesa; the State Pedagogical Institute in ì „ÎË·ÓÍÓÏÛ ÒÏÛÚÍÛ: Among the speakers are four members of Kolomyia; and the Shevchenko Scientific ÒÂÒÚð‡ – åÄêßü ÉéêéÑÖñúäÄ the Ukrainian conference program commit- Society in Lviv. ÒÂÒÚð¥ÌÍË – çÄíÄãßü, ÑÄêßü, éäëÄçÄ tee: Assya Humesky, University of The Shevchenko Scientific Society, ðÓ‰Ë̇. Michigan; Larissa Onyshkevych, Princeton which was celebrating its 125th anniversary, Research Forum; Jaroslav Rozumnyj, presented Prof. Shtohryn with the Mykhailo èÓÊÂðÚ‚Ë ‚ ԇϒflÚ¸ ÔÓÍ¥ÈÌÓ„Ó ÔðÓÒËÚ¸Òfl ÒÍ·‰‡ÚË Ì‡: University of Manitoba; and Bohdan Hrushevsky Medal, given annually to a sin- Rubchak, University of Illinois at Chicago. gle designee for “distinguished contribution Studium Research Institute The conference, which will be conducted to the development of Ukrainian studies in 83 Christie Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M6G 3B1 mostly in Ukrainian, is being held in con- Western countries.” The ceremony was held junction with the university’s Summer in Lviv’s opera house. Ss. Peter & Paul Research Lab, a function of the Russian and At the University of Illinois, Prof. Ukrainian Community Homes, Scarborough, Ontario, Canada, M1S 4P4 East European Center. Shtohryn continues to teach a course on Prof. Shtohryn is professor emeritus of Ukrainian culture in the department of Ukrainian Canadian Care Center library administration in the Slavic and East Slavic languages and literatures, and con- 60 Richview Road, Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada, M9A 5EA European Library and of Ukrainian litera- ducts a seminar on the Ukrainian language. ture in the department of Slavic languages For more information about the and literatures. Ukrainian conference, contact Prof. Earlier this year the Foundation for Shtohryn at: (217) 356-9195; e-mail, Ukrainian Studies in Australia invited Prof. [email protected]. DEATH ANNOUNCEMENTS to be published in The Ukrainian Weekly – in the Ukrainian or English language – are accepted by mail, courier, fax, phone or e-mail.

UFU awards honorary doctorate Deadline: Tuesday noon before the newspaper’s date of issue. (The Weekly goes to press early Friday mornings.)

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DANCE CAMP and WORKSHOP Roma Pryma Bohachevsky at Verkhovyna, Glen Spey, N.Y. DANCE WORKSHOP — June 27 through July 18 (for advanced dancers ages 16 and up) DANCE CAMP — July 25 through August 7 (for dancers ages 7-16) Program includes Ukrainian national dances, ballet and character dances For information write or call ROMA PRYMA BOHACHEVSKY 523 East 14th Street, Apt. 3B, New York, NY 10009. Tel.: (212) 677-7187

Prof. Dr. Richard J. Brunner (center), a distinguished German linguist and speech pathology expert, was honored at a ceremony at the Ukrainian Free University in Munich on April 28 during which he was awarded an honorary doctorate by the university’s rector, Dr. Leonid Rudnytzky (right), and Prof. Dr. Roland Pietsch (left), associate dean of the philosophy department. The event was attended by members of the German and Ukrainian scholarly communities.

Notice to publishers and authors It is The Ukrainian Weekly’s policy to run news items and/or reviews of newly pub- lished books, booklets and reprints, as well as records and premiere issues of periodi- cals, only after receipt by the editorial offices of a copy of the material in question. News items sent without a copy of the new release will not be published. Send new releases and information (where publication may be purchased, cost, etc.) to: The Editor, The Ukrainian Weekly, 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054. 20 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JUNE 6, 1999 No. 23

PREVIEW OF EVENTS

Sunday, June 13 an assembly at 9 a.m. at 59th Street and Fifth Avenue (Plaza Hotel) in Manhattan. HAMPTONBURG, N.Y.: The annual pil- Divine Liturgy will be celebrated in St. grimage to the Holy Spirit Ukrainian Patrick’s Cathedral at 10 a.m., followed by Catholic Cemetery will take place June 13. a march to Central Park at 72nd Street and A divine liturgy will be celebrated at noon, Fifth Avenue at 11 a.m., where the official followed by the blessing of ground for St. opening will be held, featuring guest Andrew’s Church. At 2 p.m. a parastas speakers and a folkloric entertainment pro- will be celebrated followed by panakhydy gram. On Thursday, July 15, there will be at individual graves. Bishop Innocent a freedom demonstration in front of the Lotocky OSBM will officiate at both serv- United Nations, 42 Street and First ices. For more information contact the Avenue. Closing ceremonies will be held Chancery Office at (203) 324-7698. Sunday, July 18, with a payer service at the Immanuel Lutheran church, 122 E. PHILADELPHIA: The renowned 88th St. (corner of Lexington Avenue). Ukrainian opera singer Anatolii This will be followed by a reception, Solovyanenko, accompanied by pianist greetings by officials and dignitaries, and Volodymyr Vynnytsky, will appear in con- the reading of official greetings and cert in a program of selections from Italian proclamations. Refreshments will be and Ukrainian opera as well as Ukrainian served. songs at the Ukrainian Cultural and Educational Center, 700 Cedar Road, CORRECTION Jenkintown, Pa., at 4 p.m. Saturday, June 5 ADVANCE NOTICE NEW YORK: The lecture by Dr. Sunday, July 11; Thursday, July 15; Volodymyr Morenets, director of the and Sunday, July 18 National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, was incorrectly listed as taking NEW YORK: The 41st annual Captive place at the Shevchenko Scientific Nations Week, organized by the Captive Society on June 12. The lecture was held Nations Committee, Horst A. Uhlich, act- June 5 at the society’s building, 63 Fourth ing president, begins Sunday, July 11, with Ave., at 5 p.m.

The website committee struck in February Ukrainian World Congress... met only once and has accomplished little. (Continued from page 4) Ms. Horikh did not attend the plenary viduals among students and professionals in meetings and had not returned The the area turned up dismissive attitudes about Weekly’s calls at press time. the UWC’s current human rights effort. UWC Sports Commissioner Laryssa Ms. Isajiw said the UWC lacks a gen- Barabash Temple was unable to attend eral effort to attract youth and veteran the meetings, but her submitted report activists in the field, and its refusal to was read to the assembly. It was noted hire a professional showed a lack of com- that there would be no organized diaspo- mitment to the issues. ra participation in this year’s inaugural “Volunteers are necessary and should All-Ukrainian Games because the be tapped into, but they should work Ukrainian Sports Fedearation of the U.S. together under the supervision and coor- and Canada (USCAK) had determined dination of a professional,” the outgoing that “scheduling of competitions was CHCR chair said. awkward and incompatible with diaspora General Secretary Pedenko reported participation.” that the project to set up an improved The UWC Scholarly Council, headed UWC website had lost some momentum. by Dr. Lubomyr Wynar, held a special Oksana Horikh, chair of the Congress of session on May 16, at which the prospects Ukrainian Youth Organizations, had vol- of coordinating the work of diaspora aca- unteered to spearhead this effort and pro- demics and academics in the field of vide a report at the May 14-15 session. Ukrainian studies was discussed.

stages to stabilize different aspects of the New robot to help... shelter, said Mr. Langmo. (Continued from page 3) The Shelter Implementation Plan, though we didn’t have the total study on which has 22 planned stages, was begun paper yet,” he added. in July 1998. Four bid packages have The B1-B2 beam project is scheduled been tendered and approved by SIP to begin in August-September and to be authorities for work on the shelter that completed by the end of October. will include participation by companies The shelter reconstruction plan will from Japan, Germany, France, Great not be a project that moves from one Britain, the United States, Russia and stage to another in a linear fashion, but Ukraine. Neither Mr. Kupnyi nor Mr. will consist of a variety of individual Langmo would say when the reconstruc- projects that will be introduced in various tion of the shelter would be complete.

What? You don’t have your own subscription? this one, on the American composer To subscribe to The Ukrainian Weekly, fill out the form below, Paris to Kyiv... George Gershwin. clip it and mail it to: Subscription Department, The Ukrainian Weekly, (Continued from page 13) With other songs like “Cross, Cradle and Tree” she illustrated the meeting of 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054. producer and recording artist – and psy- chologist – introduced each of the songs two genres: the secular and the sacred. In “Jerusalem Matins” by the Ukrainian on the program in her characteristically composer Pavlo Matsenko from NAME: ______warm and engaging manner. These NAME: (please type or print) Winnipeg, Ms. Kochan underlined the songs, in Ms. Kochan’s own unique ADDRESS: ______influence of the Ukrainian folk song on arrangements, capture the essence of sacred work. There were also samples of tomorrow’s Ukrainian spirit, interweav- the kolomyika and lovely wedding CITY: ______STATE: ______ZIP CODE: ______ing pre-Christian ritual songs and frag- songs. ments of medieval chant with contempo- The informal atmosphere on the stage, PHONE (optional): ______rary influences. and the informative explanations and Ms. Kochan recalled pre-Christian beautiful renditions of jewels of o o times in a beautiful schedrivka called Ukrainian musical culture by Ms. UNA member subscription price — $40.00/yr. Non-member subscription price — $50.00/yr. “Pavochka.” Introducing the song “Oy Kochan made this a memorable experi- UNA Branch number ______Khodyt Son Kolo Vikon,” she mentioned ence for the audience of over 180 people the world tour of the famous Koshetz who attended this special performance at choir and its influence via songs such as La Maison Francaise.