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In association with Mobile consumers at the heart of Europe

A technological revolution in“ individual mobility is imminent

obility is fundamental to social, Mobile consumers must be confident, to reap economic and environmental the benefits of a vibrant and competitive internal wellbeing. As such, FIA calls for market. They must be empowered with choice, more pragmatic and realistic quality, safety, information, fair treatment and Munderstanding of citizens’ daily mobility respect of their rights and liberties. ” challenges. Fairer treatment of motorists and more appropriate investment in a tailored Unequivocal remedies for the road fatality mobility infrastructure must be top priorities. and injury epidemic that persists on Europe’s highways must be targeted with political will The Eurocouncil of the Fédération and leadership given by the European Union’s Internationale de l’Automobile warmly very highest executives. Further enlargements welcomes the new European Commission. and increasing road traffic will bring ever more FIA is Europe’s leading consumer mobility challenges to managing safety on Europe’s roads. organisation. FIA European member automobile clubs, defend the interests of more A technological revolution in individual mobility than 35 million citizens. is imminent. Reduced dependency on oil, addressing key environmental challenges and Ever cleaner, safer and sustainable mobility improved energy efficiency will be the triggers. that is affordable remains the leitmotiv The Commission must foster this revolution by driving FIA’s actions. We are actively involved supporting sustained innovation that caters to in developing policies aimed at improving users needs in a durable mobility framework. mobility, consumer protection, vehicle and infrastructure safety and environmental Shaping our future mobility offers opportunities protection. to create a people’s Europe. The Commission must embrace this crucial task by responding In light of the Lisbon Treaty, FIA calls for to citizens’ expectations. FIA clubs with their placing mobile consumers at the heart of wealth of consumer oriented expertise in European policy making. mobility stand ready to help.

www.fiabrussels.com CONNECTING HEALTH THROUGH CLOUD COMPUTING

Imagine a day when healthcare is centered around you. Putting citizens in control of their health information is an When you can access your health information whenever important step in realizing change across the healthcare you need it, wherever you are. When you can easily develop system. Many view citizen and patient engagement as a and manage personalized care plans with your healthcare catalyst for driving broader innovation and transformation. providers - from your home. This day is coming… Recently Siemens and Microsoft announced a collaboration to launch HealthVault within Germany. This partnership As countries around the world struggle to deliver high-quality reflects the shared vision of giving people control of their healthcare at a reasonable cost, technology is increasingly health information in a secure environment and of enabling seen as a significant piece of the solution. Healthcare is the sharing of that information with caregivers and people an industry that is driven by data - typically generated by they trust to manage their care. Industry-leading partnerships numerous entities across a sprawling ecosystem and either such as this will help to spur growth across small and medium stored in filing cabinets or in systems that don’t communicate businesses, by providing a platform on which they can build with each other. In countries that have started to connect and innovate. these systems, there is now a need to provide patients with access to a complete view of their health information, as The changing needs and roles of individuals across the health custodians of their own health and wellness. With the right system must be supported by a foundation of effective technology solutions in place, the data is not only connected, privacy protection - built around transparency, control and but people are connected to the data in a meaningful way. security. As an industry, once we have earned trust across key stakeholders, we can embark on developing solutions Not having a view to a patient’s complete health history - or that inspire adoption and improve the health and wellness of not being able to view it quickly - often has life and death citizens across Europe and around the world. consequences. Using the Internet for technologies such as online collaboration, data storage, and access to services and For more information: applications, is key to providing caregivers and citizens with www.microsoft.eu/health a new breed of products and services that enable users to access information when they need it, from wherever they are. Microsoft has developed a security-enhanced online platform called HealthVault, an example of “cloud computing” that allows consumers to store, share, and manage online their own health information and that of their families. Citizens can monitor and manage their health and wellness activities through “the cloud” using third-party applications, products, and services that work with HealthVault and share this and other health information with their healthcare providers if they choose.

3137_M_healt_270x210.indd 1 15/02/10 12:34 Issue 302 22 February 2010

Commission GUIDE 8 The Go team 43 Janez Potočnik 87 Janusz Lewandowski Eija-Riitta Korhola says the new team must Environment Financial programming and budget have citizens’ interests in mind from the offset 47 Olli Rehn 91 Maria Damanaki 10 José Manuel Barroso Economic and monetary affairs Maritime affairs and fisheries 51 Andris Piebalgs 95 Kristalina Georgieva Commission president 16 Catherine Ashton Development International cooperation, humanitarian aid 55 Michel Barnier and crisis response High representative for foreign affairs and 100 Günther Oettinger security policy Internal market and services 59 Androulla Vassiliou Energy 19 Viviane Reding 105 Johannes Hahn Education, culture, Justice, fundamental rights and citizenship Regional policy 23 Joaquín Almunia multilingualism and youth 111 Connie Hedegaard 63 Algirdas Šemeta Competition Climate action Taxation and customs union, 27 Siim Kallas 115 Štefan Füle audit and anti-fraud Transport 67 Karel De Gucht Enlargement and European neighbourhood 31 Neelie Kroes policy Trade 119 László Andor 71 John Dalli Digital agenda Employment, social affairs and inclusion 35 Antonio Tajani Health and consumer policy 122 Cecilia Malmström Industry and entrepreneurship 78 Photoguide Home affairs 39 Maroš Šefčovič 83 Máire Quinn 125 Dacian Cioloş Inter-institutional relations and administration Research, innovation and science Agriculture and rural development

newsanalysis 140 Looking back 148 The IT crowd Parliament’s longest-serving MEP reflects on IT can help boost business innovation and 128 Parliament news her time as a European politician secure Europe’s place in the global marketplace, A round-up of the latest goings-on in parlia- 141 Hidden treasure writes Michael Gorriz ment Lidia Geringer de Oedenberg wants MEPs to 130 Matters of the mind A European eSkills strategy is needed to pro- take notice of the spectacular artworks around mote the digital agenda, says Jan Meuhlfeit Frieda Brepoels is calling on the EU to invest parliament premises 150 eSkilled enough? more in mental health and wellbeing 131 A coordinated approach INSIDEEU Europe’s eSkills potential is not being realised, and more must be done to make the most of it, Brain diseases are not a high enough priority eskills week says Jonathan Liebenau for policymakers, writes Celso Arango 143 An eSkilled route to economic recovery 151 Beyond brains 133 Waste not want not Improving digital literacy is crucial to Europe’s Bruno Lanvin discusses the role of higher edu- The illegal shipping of unwanted electronics future, say Antonio Tajani, Neelie Kroes, cation in meeting Europe’s needs means a loss of secondary raw materials and Androulla Vassiliou 153 Skills for life an increase in overseas pollution levels, argues 147 Invest for success Karl-Heinz Florenz Edit Herczog thinks that eSkills have a crucial 134 Show your mettle Europe must exploit its digital potential or role to play in Europe’s competitiveness risk losing its competitive edge, writes Erkki 154 Power to the people The recast of the legislation on end-of-life Ormala electronic goods needs to better reflect market Policymakers must help citizens take advantage differences, writes Julie Girling Johann Steszgal calls on policymakers to think of the opportunities of a digital society, writes 139 Divided we fall small first when it comes to promoting eSkills Pilar del Castillo Vera Markos Kyprianou is cautiously optimistic about settling the Cyprus problem

4 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 catherine stihler

Editorial team Managing editor Brian Johnson Martin Banks Martha Moss Francesca Ross Courting controversy Louise Tait Kevin McCann International Press Centre Boulevard Charlemagne 1 Box 2 Brussels 1041 ike in any relationship, the early moments are always the most exciting. This is no different for the Tel +32 (0)2 285 0828 courtship between the European parliament and the new EU commission. The first encounter took [email protected] www.theparliament.com just three hours through an intensive individual hearing process. In some hearings the mood was tense Editorial board and the commissioner nervous and defensive. In others the conversation was informative, enjoyable Editor L and at times entertaining. Perhaps three-hour hearings are not the best way to judge whether a partnership Catherine Stihler MEP Editorial board will last or not. However it did give a flavour of what was to come. In one way the parliament so far has Jorgo Chatzimarkakis Eija-Riitta Korhola been doing all the running – the meetings, the letters, the approval – but now the commission must take a Jan Olbrycht Alojz Peterle lead in producing its long awaited work programme which is overdue. So what are the challenges facing the Struan Stevenson relationship between parliament and commission? Just last week we saw the first challenge in the rejection of Inese Vaidere the Swift agreement, the sharing of financial data from the EU to the US under anti-terrorism laws, which Production John Levers both the commission and the council wanted more time to negotiate, and ultimately wanted parliament to Tel +44 (0)20 7091 7524 approve. This hastily drafted poor piece of legislation would have allowed the continuation of the bulk trans- Kazimierz Kapusniak fer of financial transaction data of EU citizens which could be kept by the Americans for up to 90 years. The advertising and sponsorship sales questions which the rapporteur aptly asked was, “Would congress approve a deal which saw the bulk transfer Director Paul Sanders of American citizens financial data to a foreign power?” The answer is no. Tel +44 (0)20 7091 7658 Parliament and the commission may have had some conflict in their otherwise amicable relationship, Andrew Oliver Tel +44 (0)1273 690 045 but the executive was approved by a large margin. The challenge in the coming months is to see the EU Sandra Fernandez 2020 vision put into practice, and get the economy moving again with job creation and healthy balance Zoe Holder Monica Barbosa sheets. The start of the year has been dominated by Greece’s economic woes. The ripple effect across the Philip Beausire Tel +44 (0)20 7091 7661 EU and the damaging consequences if Greece were to go bankrupt are very much in all finance ministers’ Dominic Paine minds. The recent Ecofin meeting saw Greece being told to report back in mid-March to see whether Tel +32 (0)2 285 0908 the austerity measures are on their way to being delivered. For the Greek population this means slashed Subscriptions Sarah Kinnane salaries, job cuts and tax increases. The target is a reduction in the deficit from around 12 per cent to eight Tel +44 (0)20 7091 7682 www.theparliament.com per cent in one year. If you were a Greek public sector worker at the moment what would your reaction be? Annual subscription price: €120 In polite terms, you would not be happy. Meanwhile, the rapporteurs in parliament who are scrutinising Publisher & legislation on the new supervisory architecture of the EU financial system hastily published their reports managing director Martin Beck at a press conference in Strasbourg. Parliamentary policymaking on the hoof does not bode well at any Dods Parliamentary Communications time, particularly on such an important topic. The courtship between the parliament and commission is Printer over – let the legislative work begin. Corelio Printing, Brussels Tel +32 (0)2 526 01 50 www.corelioprinting.be

Dods Parliamentary Communications is widely respected for producing authoritative and independent political publications. Its policy is to accept adver- Catherine Stihler is the Parliament Magazine’s MEP editor tisements representing many sides of a debate from a variety of organisations. Dod’s Parliamentary Communications takes no political stance on the messages contained within advertisements but requires that all content is in strict accor- ON THE COVER | Commission guide dance with the law. Dod’s Parliamentary Communications reserves the right to refuse advertisements for good reason (for example if it is libellous, defamatory, In this issue we take an indepth look at the people and policies behind the Barroso II com- pornographic, socially unacceptable, insensitive or otherwise contrary to mission. From parliamentary hearings to five-year forecasts, we have everything you need to editorial policy.) know as José Manuel Barroso’s new college gets up and running. Kicking off with a three page analysis of the Portugese commission president, we also bring you the low-down on the 26 portfolios that will be driving European policy forward over the coming five years. Elsewhere, we look ahead to eSkills week, as commissioners Antonio Tajani, Neelie Kroes and Androulla Vasilliou explain why ICT is crucial to Europe’s future success. Commission guide, p7

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 5 `e_dki\ehj^[ [khef[WdfWj[dj \ehkc(&'& Wii[ii_d][khef[Êi h[d[mWXb[[d[h]o _ddelWj_edfej[dj_Wb [khef[Wd_dl[djeh WmWhZ(&'&

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GOBIERNO MINISTERIO Oficina Española GOBIERNO DE INDUSTRIA, TURISMO Oficina Española DE ESPAÑA DE INDUSTRIA, TURISMO de Patentes y Marcas Y COMERCIO de Patentes y Marcas

EPA_epf_210x270_ParliamentMag.indd 1 27.01.2010 12:36:36 Uhr Commission guide

Magazine team We We also provide you with an indepth look at re-appointed president José and Manuel Barroso, outline the challenges facing him as he begins his second term at the helm. commission’s Cabinet contact details and a pull-out photoguide complete our 120 page round-up of the Barroso II college. This magazine is also available on our website: www.TheParliament.com The Parliament We We give you the lowdown on how they fared at their what parliamentary their hearings, priorities for office and the are, policies we can expect them to pursue. In the following pages you will find all you need to know about the commissioners – their which committees responsibilities, they are and accountable what to, MEPs think. Welcome Welcome to the Parliament European Magazine’s where commission we guide, profile the 27 men and women who will play a central role in shaping EU policy for the next five years. Commission guide guide Commission

Introduction The Go team

The EU has a rough road ahead as the Barroso II team gets down to work. It must have citizens’ interests in mind from the offset, writes Eija-Riitta Korhola

t’s almost a year since the last parliamentary mandate slipped into election mode. Yet we’ve only just approved our new commission. Such an inactive gap means we open our new account with an overdraft. We haveI a difficult journey ahead with much to do but to quote that wonderful John Denver song: “All my bags are packed, I’m ready to go.” MEPs do a lot of packing and unpack- ing and it does tend to get a bit automatic. Some stuff we must take with us but there are always items we could consider leaving behind, or exchanging for something more suitable. I think the same goes for new mandates. The baggage we take with us is both heavy and of questionable value when one considers our destination. Global issues will dominate the coming years with terrorism, human rights, climate change and economic recession all demanding EU attention – and my attention too. Over the coming months, I hope to write about all these subjects but choosing first climate change, I’m asking if our bags are packed with the right things to tackle this most pressing of challenges. At the end of 2008, the so-called climate package was interrupted in its codecision process and plunged into the dark world they call trialogue so as to give French president Nicolas Sarkozy the kudos for

8 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 Commission guide guide Commission Introduction

FACTFILE The start of a new five-year commission has seen significant changes to the executive’s structure. Two brand-new portfolios are created: climate action (Connie Hedegaard, see p111) and home affairs (Cecilia Malmstrom, see p122). Catherine Ashton (see p16) occupies the post of EU foreign affairs supremo, which was created under the Lisbon treaty and which the Briton will “share” with her role as one of seven commission vice-presidents. In an effort to freshen up his team and, supposedly, make it more efficient than the these planet-saving directives before the allocation of allowances must be sensitive last one, commission president José Manuel end of his EU presidency. We went to to industrial, economic and employment Barroso has also reconfigured several other Copenhagen to show off these measures in needs. The result of the rushed approval, commissioner posts. These include the portfolios the hope that the rest of the world would lacking anything one might call democracy, of digital agenda (Neelie Kroes, see p31) which previously came under the title of information follow our ‘lead’. But nobody did. After all, is already frightening EU industries facing society and media. it’s hard to follow the leader if he’s behind competition by companies from countries you because his baggage is too heavy. where there is no cost on carbon and lower Other changes from Barroso I include the One of the climate package directives environmental norms – and we could still re-structured posts of international cooperation, is the revision of the EU emission trading have three years to do something about humanitarian aid and crisis response (Kristalina scheme but it does not come into opera- it. If we take this baggage into the next Georgieva, see p95) and that of justice, fundamental rights and citizenship (Viviane mandate, it will increase unemployment, Reding, see p19). Algirdas Semeta (see p63), reduce our chances of economic recovery Wouldn’t it be great to the controversial choice for the taxation and and weaken our global voice in the fight consider our citizens “ customs union portfolio, will now also include against climate change. It will also do the anti-fraud brief. from the first year of the nothing to reduce global emissions, they will simply move to another place. The single multilingualism portfolio no longer exists as such but will be included mandate rather than How many times have we heard about in the education and culture job given to the Lisbon treaty bringing greater democ- only in the last one as Androulla Vassiliou, (see p59). There have also “ racy and transparency to our legislative been changes to some of the commission’s selections and elections work? Well, here’s a chance to demonstrate directorates, or departments, including splitting remind us who we serve this institution’s will to our sceptical elec- the old DG for transport and energy. State aid torate – especially those fearful of losing issues in energy and transport, meanwhile, will their jobs and jeopardising their families’ now be covered by the competition DG. tion until 2013 – so why was it rushed? futures. Wouldn’t it be great to consider Moreover, given that no other large our citizens from the first year of the economy is set to adopt the same cap-and- mandate rather than only in the last one Eija-Riitta Korhola trade system to cut harmful emissions, this as selections and elections remind us who is a member of the system is a direct tax on EU energy-inten- we serve? So let’s not just throw everything Parliament Magazine’s sive industries that are exposed to global old back in the bags and set off as before. editorial board and markets. Nothing against such systems, By the way, the last line of that song is “I the winner of the but if they are to encourage investment hate to go.” How many industries will be energy award in the in emission reducing technologies, the singing that as they leave? 2009 MEP awards

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 9 Commission guide guide Commission

But it wasn’t until this month that and Spanish prime minister José Luis MEPs finally backed the 26 members of Zapatero, whose country currently holds President Take two his new team. During the interim period, the rotating presidency – have been taking Barroso’s critics, with parliament’s Greens/ centre-stage. Not to forget parliament’s EFA group foremost among them, took very own president, Polish MEP Jerzy delight in branding the former Portuguese Buzek. Inevitably, the presence of up to The Barroso II commission will premier a “lame duck” leader. It did not four presidents on the scene has caused help his cause that Europe, along with some confusion and, some say, an outbreak have to hit the ground running much of the rest of the international com- of turf warfare. It was even blamed for if it is to succeed in steering munity, found itself gripped in the worst US president Barack Obama’s decision economic downturn since the 1930s, nor not to attend the now-cancelled EU-US the EU’s future course that the much-awaited climate change summit in Madrid this spring. US offi- conference in Copenhagen in December cials have expressed frustration that the t took months to get his team was deemed a flop. It led to accusations Lisbon treaty, which was supposed to approved but, finally, Barroso II has that Barroso failed to demonstrate suffi- give the EU a single voice, has created set to work. José Manuel Barroso was cient leadership at a time of crisis. several European presidents competing for unanimously nominated by member While the delayed parliamentary hear- Washington’s attention. states no less than eight months ago ings took place, Barroso is generally However, now that Barroso’s new execu- and was endorsed by parliament for perceived to have taken something of a tive have been given the parliamentary aI second term as commission president back seat. Europe’s two other “presidents” green light, the question is: which way will back in September last year. – council president Herman Van Rompuy he steer it? We were given a taster of what

10 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 Commission guide guide Commission President

may come when Barroso’s released his Barroso will also be all too aware that, supposed to succeed the much-vaunted political guidelines for the new commis- under Lisbon, parliament assumes sig- but failed Lisbon Agenda. sion last September. They were produced nificant new powers in a range of policy But Janis Emmanouilidis, a senior following MEP demands that Barroso areas, including budgetary matters. When policy analyst at the European Policy come forward with a visionary idea and he appeared before parliament at its Centre, a Brussels-based think tank, said, new initiatives as a condition for his re- Strasbourg plenary in February, Barroso “In its current design, the 2020 project appointment for a second term in office. In falls short as it concentrates almost exclu- one key passage, Barroso states, “Europe is sively on strengthening Europe’s economy. facing stark choices in today’s interde- Europe is facing stark “ Considering the multitude and complexity pendent world. Either we work together choices in today’s of challenges inside and outside our con- to rise to the challenge or we condemn tinent, 2020 should be extended to other ourselves to irrelevance.” interdependent world. Either areas, especially in the realm of security.” Barroso’s first five-year term was spent we work together to rise to He said Barroso’s new college needs to overseeing legislation on everything from offer more than a “patchwork” of initia- mobile phone rates to chemical regulation. “the challenge or we condemn tives and legislative proposals. “He and his Economic reform, in particular, and climate ourselves to irrelevance team need to provide a new sense of orien- change are now among the pressing issues José Manuel Barroso tation in an EU which has suffered from a he faces. The EU’s annual €130bn budget multiple lack of leadership,” he added. and decisions on how much will in future Part of Barroso’s “vision” for a second go on agriculture and regional funds are pledged to “build a competitive and sus- term was also to create two completely other crunch issues, along with further tainable economy, tackle climate change new portfolios – climate action (Connie EU expansion. Reducing the administra- and modernise the EU’s industrial base”. Hedegaard) and home affairs (Cecilia tive burden on businesses and a review of In an effort to demonstrate his com- Malmström). He has made it clear he EU agencies also figure prominently on the mitment to such objectives, Barroso has wants the commission to take “charge” of Barroso barometer. proposed the EU 2020 strategy, which is

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 11 Commission guide guide Commission

FACTFILE

President political priorities José Manuel Barroso wrote to parliament president Jerzy Buzek last September setting out his political priorities over the next five years. Barroso called for a “transformational agenda”, saying, “Either we collectively shape the new order, or Europe will become irrelevant.” He said the enlarged EU “now gives us a springboard to use our reach and strength to best effect” and set the groundwork for the EU 2020 strategy. This, he said, would focus on exiting the economic crisis, tackling climate change, developing sustainable growth, advancing social policies and Europe’s place in the world. To achieve these ambitions, Barroso said a “root and branch reform of the EU budget” was needed. At the heart of this is the need for a new partnership between the commission and parliament. “I want to work closely with the parliament for a prosperous, secure and sustainable Europe,” said Barroso.

Cabinet Head: Johannes Laitenberger (02 296 5745) Deputy head: Fernando Frutuoso de Melo (02 299 3145) Advisors: António José Cabral(senior advisor, 02 299 4388), Clara Martinez Alberola (02 296 5730), Arianna Vannini Spokespeople: Koen Doens (head of service, 02 298 1566), Pia Ahrenkilde Hansen (commission spokeswoman, 02 295 3070), Leonor Ribeiro da Silva (deputy spokeswoman, 02 298 8155) Members: Fernando Andresen Guimarães (02 298 8159), Olivier Dandoy (02 295 3022), Henning Klaus (02 299 4310), Ines Servulo Correia (02 298 8156), Hugo Sobral (02 296 8553), Michelle Sutton (02 296 0239), João Marques de Almeida climate change policy as member states doesn’t expect anything “truly positive” put in place an agreement on cutting their to come from it. Others say the team CO2 emissions to 20 per cent below 1990 he has put together, which features nine View from parliament levels by 2020. The key home affairs role women, including third-time commis- “The European parliament has shown that it has occupied by Malmström, a former MEP, sioner Viviane Reding, is woefully short teeth. The president for the first time presented will be all-embracing, possibly covering of personalities. But Barroso, the commis- me with his written ‘political guidelines’. I such current thorny issues as the EU-US sion’s 11th president, will care less about welcome this as and trust it will be repeated. deal to share data about bank transfers and such criticism and more about his long- This represents a new dawn for relations between airport body scanners. term personal legacy. parliament and commission.” Barroso’s reappointment left some One thing is sure: having waited so long Parliament president Jerzy Buzek following José unimpressed, including Greens co-pres- to get going, he will want his team to hit Manuel Barroso’s re-election in September 2009 ident Daniel Cohn-Bendit, who says he the ground running.

12 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 → SPACE FOR EUROPE

The European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe’s gateway to space. Its mission is to shape the development of Europe’s space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver beneﬁts to the citizens of Europe and the world.

ESA is an international organisation with 18 Member States: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxem- bourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom (Canada takes part in some projects under a Cooperation agreement). By coordinating the ﬁnancial and intellectual resources of its members, ESA can undertake programmes and activities far beyond the scope of any single European country.

ESA has been dedicated to observing Earth from space since the launch of Meteosat, its ﬁrst meteorological mission, in 1977. The subsequent series of Meteosat satellites, ERS-1, ERS-2 and Envisat have been providing us with a wealth of valuable data about Earth, its climate and changing environment. We still need to know more about our planet if we are to further understand the Earth system and its processes, especially within the context of global change. This will better equip us for predicting the eﬀects of a changing climate.

For more information, visit our web site: www.esa.int EU Strategy 2020 A strong industry for a sustainable European future.

With its 2020 EU Strategy document, the European Commission intends to redefine the principles for a competitive and sustainable Europe.

Employees and employers in the German chemical industry endorse the Commission’s goal of securing sustainable growth in Europe. Ecologically and socially responsible action does not inhibit economic success. Since 1990, we have, for example, doubled our energy efficiency. Industrial relations in the German chemical sector, the so-called social partnership, provide an excellent example of both management and employees working together for competitiveness and the achievement of social and ecological goals.

We believe in: Responsibility on the part of companies; Innovation and technology for sustainable growth rather than constraints and burdens that inhibit; Competence of social partners at company and industry level rather than over- regulating; Long-term regulatory frameworks rather than direct market intervention.

We want to shape the future together with policymakers. To this end, industry needs freedom for research and production.

This is where the social market economy provides the right setting.

Michael Vassiliadis Hans Paul Frey Dr. Utz Tillmann Chairman Director General Director General Mining, Chemical and Energy German Federation of Chemical German Chemical Industry Industrial Union (IG BCE) Employers’ Associations (BAVC) Association (VCI)

More Information: IG BCE + 49 511 7631-0 BAVC + 32 2 290 89-70 VCI + 32 2 54806-90

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atherine Ashton’s task was never going to be an easy one. She was High representative for foreign affairs and security policy security and affairs foreign for representative High One vision, one voice few people’s first choice for the job, and persuading parliament that she is a worthy EU foreign policy chief was always going When it comes to foreign policy, Catherine Ashton must ensure the toC be a big ask. And after a faltering start in front of parliament on only her second day in EU speaks with one voice if the bloc is to make its mark globally the job, it seemed the naysayers were about to be proved right. Unsurprisingly, the Brit brushed up on her area before being subjected to a second parliamentary grilling at the start of the year, managing to do enough to convince most deputies she has what it takes to fulfil her “double-hatted” foreign policy role. Ashton, who has little previous experience in the field, managed to appease MEPs who questioned her qualifications by pledging to work closely with parliament to make Europe “a stronger, more credible” international force. “Within the boundaries of what I am able to do, I am very keen and very pleased to be able to come to the parliament as often as possible,” she said, adding, “My commitment is genuine and real. There is a huge amount of expertise in this room. There is a huge amount of political will in this room, and you are democratically elected and I am not.” As Ashton takes up the challenge of spearheading the EU’s foreign and security policy, her primary goal is to ensure coherence and consistency among the various institutions. “Whoever speaks, it should be with the same voice,” she said. But with three commissioners working alongside her – Štefan Füle (enlargement and European neighbourhood policy), Kristalina Georgieva (international cooperation, humanitarian aid and crisis response), and Andris Piebalgs (development) – the risk of overlapping responsibilities was not lost on MEPs, who pressed her for explicit details of how she plans to operate. “The purpose of bringing all this together was precisely to bring coherence into a system so that there was a common policy – common strategy – that brought the institutions together,” she said. “Responsibility lies with my role to set out the strategic framework and the strategic direction of

16 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 Commission guide guide Commission

FACTFILE Mandate

As foreign policy chief, Catherine Ashton takes policy security and affairs foreign for representative High over the functions traditionally exercised by the six-monthly rotating presidency, the high representative for CFSP and the commissioner for external relations. According to articles 18 and 27 of the treaty on the EU, she will conduct the EU’s common foreign and security policy, contributing to its development and ensuring implementation of the decisions adopted in this field. She will preside over the foreign affairs council and will act as the commission’s first vice-president. In this role, she is responsible for ensuring the consistency of the bloc’s external action and is responsible within the commission for responsibilities incumbent on it in external relations and for coordinating other aspects of the EU’s external action. Ashton must represent the EU on matters relating to the common foreign and security policy, our policy with parliament, with the council With the organisation and functioning conducting political dialogue with third parties and with the commission and, in doing that, of the EEAS expected to go before the on the bloc’s behalf and expressing the union’s for the commissioners to work with me spring council for approval, MEPs repeat- position in international organisations and at to deliver that strategic direction. We are edly pushed Ashton to commit high-ranking international conferences. She will exercise

authority over the EEAS and over EU delegations in very clear and very comfortable about that.” diplomats to parliamentary scrutiny. But third countries and at international organisations. Working collaboratively, Ashton insists, is Ashton “remains unconvinced” that Senate- key if the bloc’s voice is to be heard. style hearings are appropriate. “I always find As both the high representative for foreign“ it difficult to disappoint parliament but, Cabinet and security policy and a vice-president occasionally, I am afraid, I do and I will,” Spokesperson: Lutz Güllner (02 296 4661) of the commission, the Brit must take the she said. Ashton, by her own admission, has an Further cabinet members to be appointed “enormous responsibility” ahead of her. Whoever speaks, it should be From the Middle East to China and Latin America, non-proliferation, terrorism, energy View from parliament with the same voice and climate change, her portfolio covers a huge spectrum. So, can she pull it off despite “She showed a genuine desire to work closely her lack of experience? with parliament in elaborating a truly common EU foreign policy and bringing coherence to Since she took her first tentative steps the EU’s external action. Ms Ashton stated that lead in establishing the European exter- in the field of foreign and security policy she would provide, with parliament’s support, “nal action service (EEAS). Created by the last December, the Labour peer has already strategic political guidance and ensure coherence Lisbon treaty, the service hopes to provide come under fire for the EU’s response to in the delivery of EU assistance. Her fellow the solution to the Kissinger question – “who the Haiti earthquake, which devastated the commissioners would be in charge, within this do I call if I want to talk to Europe?” – estab- country’s capital just hours after her parlia- strategic framework, of the implementation of their lishing a diplomatic corps that will oversee mentary hearing. And it would be fair to say respective policies. On other substantive issues Europe’s aid and humanitarian budget as Ashton has left many underwhelmed with raised during the debate, however, Ms Ashton remained relatively vague. Her interventions were well as relations with countries around the her credentials. But parliament’s foreign focused on the elements and issues which would world. Ashton sees the service as a “once in a affairs committee believes she “has the need to be considered when elaborating an EU generation opportunity” to bring together “all potential to develop the required expertise position rather than on expressing her view.” the elements of our engagement – political, and leadership” her role requires. The chal- Gabriele Albertini chair of parliament’s foreign economic and military – to implement one lenge is great; time will tell whether Ashton affairs committee coherent strategy”. can deliver.

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 17 Aerospace Low carbon, High value, Europe’s future

The aerospace industry is a crucial sector for Europe. It contributes to the achievement of the EU’s key socio-economic goals, ensuring sustainable mobility, providing highly-skilled jobs and fostering Europe’s knowledge economy through massive R&D investments.

A key economic asset Limiting aviation’s In Europe, the aerospace sector environmental impact generates a turnover of €105 billion Air transport represents some 2% and employs half a million highly- of of all man-made CO2 emissions. skilled professionals. Through constant technological innovation, the aerospace industry It is a major contributor to the EU has managed to significantly trade balance: around three-quarters improve aviation’s environmental of Europe’s civil aviation output is exported outside of the EU. performance. For example, fuel consumption levels - and Dynamic and innovative, it is a world leader in advanced corresponding CO2 emissions – from a jet aircraft have engineering. decreased by 70% over the last 50 years. It is also one of the most R&D intensive sectors in Europe, The European aerospace industry is determined to continue dedicating more than 12% of its turnover to research and down that path of innovation to limit aviation’s impact on the development. environment. European aerospace companies are currently exploring all possible areas where substantial environmental 20% of its employees work in R&D. Only in the gains can be obtained, includingaerodynamics, advanced pharmaceuticals sector (another fast-growing, R&D intensive materials, engines and alternative fuels. industry) is the proportion higher. The industry has come together to launch “Clean Sky”, a €1.6 Aerospace drives innovation in science and technology. It billion programme based on a 50/50 partnership with the generates substantial technology transfers, and provides spill- European Commission. Clean Sky will develop and validate the over benefits to numerous other economic sectors. technologies needed to meet the objectives set by ACARE, i.e. to reduce CO2 emissions and noise by 50% from 2000 levels.

Special Aerospace Week at the EuropeanSave the Parliament, date: starting November 29th 2010

ASD – Aerospace & Defence Association of Europe • 270 Avenue de Tervuren – B-1150 Brussels • Belgium Tel. +32 2 775 8110 • Fax. +32 2 775 8112 • Email [email protected] Commission guide guide Commission

uxembourg’s Viviane Reding is The right champion certainly no stranger to the EU citizenship and Justice,rights fundamental executive, as she embarks on her third consecutive stint as her country’s chosen commissioner. What EU citizens have a new champion as is new this time round is the brief Lshe has been appointed to – justice, funda- Viviane Reding takes on the commission’s mental rights, and citizenship. Created by justice and fundamental rights portfolio José Manuel Barroso in response to demands made by ALDE ahead of his reappointment last September, the portfolio gives greater prominence to citizens’ rights following the full ratification of the Lisbon treaty last December. Having first arrived on the Brussels scene more than 20 years ago when she was elected to the European parliament, Reding believes the Lisbon treaty has finally realised “a visionary dream”, giving EU legislators the chance to revolutionise the entire justice and home affairs spectrum. “The treaty will mean a whole reorientation of our policies in the field of justice, fundamental rights and citizenship,” she told MEPs during her impressive performance in parliament last month. Of all the European institutions, parliament has long been considered the champion of rights, and MEPs recently flexed their new found muscles by rejecting an interim data sharing agreement with the US over the Swift money transfer system. And it seems they are likely to have a tenacious ally in Reding. According to the former communications commissioner, security has too often trumped justice in recent years, but she insists EU policymaking “should never be driven by fear, but by the values on which the Union is founded”. “I wish to make it very clear that our need for security cannot justify every violation of privacy. Our citizens are not objects, but human beings,” she said. Reding will need to work closely with Sweden’s Cecilia Malmström, appointed to the home affairs brief, given the need to strike a balance between security and rights on issues such as the controversial use of airport body scanners, which is expected to go before parliament in coming months. And she is not one to be taken lightly. “You can be very sure

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 19 Commission guide guide Commission

FACTFILE Mandate

Justice, fundamental rights and citizenship and Justice,rights fundamental Reding will propose an action plan early this year to implement the Stockholm programme, and is responsible for ensuring compliance by the EU and member states with fundamental rights. The fight against all forms of discrimination, protection of personal data and children’s rights are key priorities. Reding must take the lead in promoting EU citizenship, ensuring free movement of people within the EU, consular protection abroad, and greater access to information on EU matters. She is responsible for developing an EU justice area where citizens, consumers, and businesses can exercise their rights across borders without obstacles. Directorates D and E of DG JLS, DG Comm and directorate G of DG EMPL is under Reding’s authority. Consumer contract law and marketing that... there will be negotiations which will be reducing the administrative burdens associ- is transferred to JLS, and the citizenship and led among equals. We will not let ourselves be ated with cross-border marriage or divorce. visitors units move to DG Comm. Parliament’s dictated to,” said Reding. Here, she promises a green paper on free civil liberties, legal affairs, and women’s rights As might be expected of such an expe- movement of civil documents early this year, committees are relevant to Reding’s portfolio. rienced campaigner, Reding put in a near to be followed by legislative initiatives.

flawless performance at her confirmation Reding will also be campaigning to make Cabinet hearing, and gave MEPs a clear indication of sure citizens are informed about their rights. her intentions over the next five years. While “There is no right if people do not know Head: Martin Selmayr (02 298 1230)

some of her counterparts were reluctant to about the right,” she says. “We must throw Deputy head: Viviane Hoffmann (02 296 0305) Advisor: Bartho Pronk (02 298 1610) veer off script, the Luxembourger was confi- all our weight behind communication, in Press officer: Mina Andreeva (02 299 1382) order to tell citizens what their rights are and what the possibilities are if those rights are Members: Michael Shotter (02 296 4195), Telmo I wish to make it very “ not taken seriously, so that those rights can Baltazar (02 298 1384), Dana Trama-Zada (02 be upheld,” adds Reding. “We have to work 299 6979), Jan Ostoja-Ostaszewski (02 296 8193) clear that our need for more on this in the future.” security cannot justify every As for the EU charter of fundamental violation of privacy. Our rights, which became legally binding follow- View from parliament ing Lisbon, Reding will be doing everything “Viviane Reding is highly experienced, which “citizens are not objects, in her power to make sure citizens feel the is important as she is dealing with a complex benefit. “We have to put it into practice in all portfolio. As we saw in the way parliament struck but human beings our decisions… I can tell you there will be a down the flawed Swift interim agreement, the zero-tolerance policy as regards violations of balance between personal freedoms and security the charter,” she says. And parliament must will be a constant theme. I am concerned that dent throughout and provided what ALDE also play its part, with a proposed annual the split in portfolios may create conflicts. Every issue we deal with in the justice and home affairs deputy Diana Wallis described as a “very report on the application of the charter in area, from asylum to anti-terrorism, addresses impressive patchwork” of her plans. the pipeline. both freedom and security. She will have to work Reding admits that citizens have “very Reding is clear on what needs to be done, closely and transparently with Cecilia Malmström, and her priorities include protecting privacy, often been disappointed” when it comes to and both should remember Benjamin Franklin’s citizen mobility and ensuring the rights of the justice and fundamental rights, but as one of maxim, ‘he who puts security too far ahead of accused are respected. Citing the Lamassoure Barroso’s most senior commissioners, she will fundamental freedoms deserves neither’.” report, the former journalist says she intends be fighting tooth and nail, alongside parlia- Claude Moraes S&D group coordinator in to plug the gaps which hinder citizens’ ability ment, to make sure the same cannot be said parliament’s civil liberties committee to move around the EU, for example by of her time at the helm.

20 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 At Aviva, our core purpose is to bring prosperity and peace of mind to EU citizens

Six Public Policy Aims for the New European Commission At Aviva we remain true to delivering our core purpose of bringing prosperity and peace of mind to our 50 million customers around the world. We look forward to working together with the new Commission and Members of Parliament to drive real progress on the following six objectives that we believe should guide European ﬁ nancial services policy over the next ﬁ ve years: s4HECONSUMERSHOULDBEPLACEDATTHEVERYHEARTOFNEW%5lNANCIALSERVICESINITIATIVES s4HECONTINUEDDRIVETOIMPROVElNANCIALLITERACYSHOULDEXPLAINTHEVITALROLETHATRISKPLAYSIN achieving longer-term rewards s4HE%5SHOULDDEVELOPACLEARSTRATEGYFORBOOSTINGSAVING PARTICULARLYFORRETIREMENT s4HE%5SHOULDDEVELOPACLEARSTRATEGYFORHELPINGPEOPLETHATWANTTOWORKPASTCURRENT retirement ages s4HE%5SHOULDWORKTOWARDSTHECOMPLETIONOFATRULY3INGLE-ARKETFORRETAILlNANCIALSERVICES s2EGULATIONSHOULDREmECTTHESPECIlCSOFDIFFERENTlNANCIALSERVICESSECTORSA@ONESIZElTSALL approach could inadvertently damage soundly performing businesses For more information regarding Aviva and our thinking behind these policy AIMSPLEASECONTACTOUR%50UBLIC!FFAIRS4EAMONPUBLICAFFAIRS AVIVACOM

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OCOAG9790 02.2009 from 300 successful years of looking after customers.

OCOAG9790_83195_ADU.indd 1 12/2/10 17:09:45 Join Europe’s leading semiconductor equipment and materials policy event. Register on www.semi.org/BrusselsForum

4th SEMI Brussels Forum 4-5 March 2010 - Brussels, Belgium

Challenges and Opportunities for the European Semiconductor Industry as a Key Enabling Technology. Based on the recent EC Communication "Preparing for our future: Developing a common strategy for key enabling technologies in the EU“ {SEC(2009) 1257}

Agenda and free registration on www.semi.org/BrusselsForum

The semiconductor industry is a key contributor to European economic growth and prosperity, and an important enabler of Europe’s success in many sectors such as communications, automotive, medical equipment, security and safety. Today, no industry sector is competitive without using advanced microelectronic devices, there is no innovation without semiconductors. Semiconductors are critical to the European industry and welfare and must therefore be further prioritized on the EU agenda.

About SEMI (Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International) SEMI is a not-for-profit global industry association representing 2000 companies that provide Technology, R&D and Innovation. SEMI supports 200 member companies in Europe, SMEs representing 90% of its membership. SEMI members produce 9 billion EUR in Europe and employ directly 105.000 people, 500.000 indirect jobs. Find out more on www.semi.org/europe Commission guide guide Commission

fter almost six years as a commis- Competitive edge sioner, Joaquín Almunia is now Competition something of an old hand on the Brussels beat. The Spaniard first joined the Prodi commission Competition is good for EU citizens, and Joaquín Almunia in April 2004 as the successor toA Pedro Solbes, who had resigned to join won’t be giving in to pressure or meting out special the new Zapatero government, and was treatment as he takes up his latest challenge reappointed by José Manuel Barroso in November 2004. Almunia told MEPs at his parliamentary hearing that the “absolute” priority in his new portfolio will be the same as at the end of the old mandate: “to overcome the crisis and ensure Europe comes out of it better equipped for balanced and sustainable growth”. He added, “Competition policy, like the euro and internal market, has a key role to play in this.” Almunia, formerly economic and monetary affairs commissioner, has had little time to focus much on his new role. The well- publicised Greek public deficit and all its ramifications for other eurozone members kept Almunia in the headlines for weeks right up to the changeover of roles. But, as the anti-trust commissioner, Almunia now finds himself occupying another of the executive’s most powerful posts. He succeeds Neelie Kroes, who levied billions of euros in fines on companies like Intel and Microsoft. At his hearing, Almunia said the level of recent high fines was “appropriate”. “For citizens, more competition means more ability to choose goods and services, better quality and lower prices,” he said. Almunia, a former minister of employment and social security in Spain, added, “The rigorous and strict application of merger control legislation is the most effective way of preventing the creation of dominant positions in the first place. We must not give in to any pressure or interests. We must not mete out special treatment to anyone.” One of Barroso’s most trusted allies, Almunia will have the power to block government subsidies to companies if the commission deems that state funding would damage competition by favouring one

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 23 Commission guide guide Commission Competition

FACTFILE Mandate

company over rivals. He will face dozens the US class action system. German EPP The portfolio includes overseeing the EU 2020 of unresolved bank state cases following the deputy Burkhard Balz asked whether col- strategy, completing the single market and global economic crisis and banks that have lective redress falls entirely within Almunia’s implementing EU competition rules to “ensure

received support during the downturn will remit or whether he will have to share this that the internal market operates efficiently and have to sell assets during the term of the new policy area with Viviane Reding. Almunia’s without distortion”. commission in return for state aid. response was that “we need to be able to Competition policy under Almunia is intervene through competition policies” in “ Cabinet expected to play a significant role in the cases where anti-competitive practices have EU 2020 strategy. He told the hearing, been identified. Head: Carlos Martinez Mongay (02 296 1228) “Competition policy has a major role to Deputy head: Guillaume Loriot (02 298 4988) play in the transition from an economy in Spokeswoman: Amelia Torres (02 295 4629) crisis, that needs public support and aid, I’m here to ensure Members: Anna Jarosz-Friis (02 299 3733), to a dynamic and sustainable economy.” Elisabetta Righini (02 299 6160), Sofia Alves (02 He added, “As competition commissioner, that competition 298 6316), Eliana Garcés TolÓn (02 298 6930), I’m here to ensure that competition policy policy delivers Ignacio Perez Caldentey (02 299 6747) delivers for consumers and for businesses. To that end, I will focus on fighting against cartels, preventing dominant companies from “Almunia will, in his new role, also come abusing their market power in any sector or under pressure to pay close attention to View from parliament any country in Europe, and maintaining a concentration issues in the media, an issue “Joaquín Almunia has the experience and rigorous scrutiny of proposed mergers.” raised in recent weeks by the Green group personal qualifications needed to become a new Almunia backed MEPs’ calls for par- in parliament. A socialist, Almunia became commissioner and this was confirmed in the liament to be included in the design of leader of the PSOE party in Spain in 1997 hearing. He proved to have strong communication EU collective redress measures. Replying to after the resignation of Felipe González, a skills and sufficient knowledge in the area of a question from French deputy Jean-Paul post he held for three years. Many believe his competition.” Gauzès, Almunia said it will be important rich economic background and experience in Sharon Bowles chair of parliament’s economic to develop effective coordination procedures policy development stand him in good stead and monetary affairs committee and to avoid abuse, as has happened in and the new portfolio is in safe hands.

24 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 annonceEUSEW 100128.indd 1 28/01/10 10:35

Commission guide guide Commission

iim Kallas has been vice-pres- Green light to go ident of the commission since Transport 2004, a post he keeps for the next five years. Having tackled the thorny and troublesome It’s all systems go for Siim Kallas as he takes on issue of transparency and opennessS in the EU in his last mandate, everything from body scanners to trans-European as commissioner for administration, audit infrastructure in his role as transport commissioner and anti-fraud, he might have expected to be rewarded with a high profile role in the new one. In the end, he was given transport, an important portfolio but not one of the plum jobs in José Manuel Barroso’s new team. Even so, Kallas already found himself embroiled in one of the big current political debates gripping the EU when he appeared at his hearing: the use of body scanners at European airports. The issue has split opinion with only three member states – France, UK and the Netherlands – currently using the scanners. But, in his three-hour hearing before parliament’s transport and tourism committee, he left little doubt as to where he stands on the issue, saying that while he is in favour of a European body-scanner regulation it should only be done on an EU-wide basis. “It is very bad that some countries already use body scanners without any properly agreed standards. It’s even worse without any proper discussion,” said Kallas. He told the committee he will present a detailed report to parliament in April, based on a regulation that will include an assessment of the key privacy aspects. Kallas, a former Estonian prime minister, also referred to the importance of creating a “single European transport area” and the significance of “better-targeted” investment in infrastructure and trans- European networks. He told members that “de-carbonising” transport would be a priority as would promoting the integration of systems for booking rail tickets. Plans for the “Eurovignette” levy on lorries would be pushed forward by the commission, he said, but progress in nego-

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 27 Commission guide guide Commission Transport

FACTFILE Mandate The transport role involves “delivering sustainable mobility while ensuring competitiveness, cohesion and social welfare, safety and security for the European citizens”. The portfolio also involves developing an integrated transport policy “combining increased mobility and decarbonisation to promote economic growth and social progress”. One aim is to tackle the obstacles to the take-up of low carbon technologies, promote efficient logistics, safety, security and user rights.

Cabinet Head: Henrik Hololei (02 298 8764) Deputy head: Kristian Schmidt (02 298 8769) Spokesperson: Helen Kearns (02 298 7638) Members: Keir Fitch (02 295 9316), Veronica

Manfredi (02 295 3936), Desirée Oen (02 298 8184), Hanna Hinrikus (02 298 8770), Max Strotmann (02 298 8766), Marit Ruuda (02 295

7243), Ülle Lõhmus

tiating them would probably have to wait ible signalling systems for trains. Kallas until the Belgian EU presidency in the told his hearing he advocates making more View from parliament second half of this year. use of EU regional and structural funds“ “He displayed a high-level of European Kallas also made clear his concern for to improve rail networks. He also pro- commitment, excellent communication skills and a welcome degree of candour. While freely business interests and stressed the need acknowledging that there were aspects of to strike the right balance between “green” transport policy on which he was not yet fully regulation and profitability. “We must be I am in favour of open briefed, he responded to many detailed questions careful not to have a compromise that although some members would have appreciated leaves everyone unsatisfied,” he said. competition. It brings more detailed commitments about his readiness German ALDE deputy Gesine Meissner benefits to all sectors to work with the committee.” asked Kallas about liberalisation and har- Brian Simpson chair of parliament’s transport monisation of rail transport to which he committee replied, “I am in favour of open compe- “Kallas clearly has no doubt about the necessity tition. It brings benefits to all sectors.” “poses creating a “European infrastructure of additional security measures such as body He aims to “remove the obstacles” to the investments fund” and assured MEPs that scanners. Implementation could start after the proper functioning of transport, including he would heed their request for a commit- conclusion of studies this year.” political and administrative hindrances ment of 40 per cent of the EU transport Michael Gahler German EPP member and technical barriers, such as incompat- budget to the rail sector.

28 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 rban freight represents typically between 20 to 25% of road space contributing to between 10 to 20% of urban road traffic. This is Uindispensable for the cities economy but at same time significantly affect the attractiveness and quality of urban life.

At the EU level extremely relevant research and consolidation of knowledge was undertaken (i.e. project BESTUFS) and at national levels one assists to the promotion of different platforms and initiatives, being a key objective present in all those initiatives, and also reinforced by the Urban Mobility Action Plan, to accelerate the take-up of sustainable urban mobility plans covering freight and passenger transport in urban and peri- urban areas.

TURBLOG_WW is designed in line with those objectives. It will act as a coordination platform, gathering the experience to identify, generate and assess best practice solutions on urban freight initiatives, through the conduction of a set of case studies (which will be undertaken to identify best practices and to assess the lasting effects and impacts of previously projects and tools and to compare experiences between Europe, Latin America, Asia and Africa) and the promotion of workshops and site visits, based on which it is aimed to facilitate the exchange of information, raise awareness, disseminate and assess the potential to transfer and promote research results at the national, European and intercontinental levels.

The overall result of TURBLOG_WW and its role in EU research can be synthesised as to put together past urban logistics experiences, analyse them carefully, extract and disseminate valuable information, supporting ongoing and future related initiatives and contribute to its transferability to Brazilian and Peruvian contexts, which corresponds to the project overall mission

• To confirm URBAN LOGISTICS as a scientific and technical domain where knowledge and policy transfer are possible

• To expand the influence of Europe to other parts of the World through knowledge transfer

• To support the internationalisation of the EU research area

TURBLOG started on the 1st October 2009 and will be concluded by the 30th September 2011. The first EU workshop will take place in Lisbon in July 2010 together with the WCTR and PANAM conferences.

Contact details

Project co-ordinator European Commission TIS.PT Angel RODRIGUEZ LLERENA Prof Rosário Macário Dg RTD - Transport Directorate Tel: +351213504400 Tel: +32-2-29.64213 e-mail: [email protected] [email protected]

www.turblog.eu New World of Work for Utrecht

he City of Utrecht is building a new office for its employees. In 2013, T over 75 percent of the employees will be working in a striking looking new building at the heart of Utrecht’s Station Area. The new office will not only be an eye catching landmark. It will also be a very accessible “home away from home” where businesses, citizens and other interested parties meet. It is evident telephone and the internet are important channels for communication between the city authorities and citizens. But besides these channels, face-to-face contact remains indispensable as a basis for cooperation and interaction.

The city authorities already work in a professional and modern manner. But to meet the challenges of the 21st century, the organization will modernize even more. The new building itself is not enough. The other major transition will be to develop a Utrecht New World of Work. Information Technology (IT) is important to create a virtual working environment for our employees. They will be able to shift towards relatively paperless working practices and have genuine freedom of choice in terms of working independently of set times and locations. IT will also reinforce the quality of our services by providing the opportunity to make it simpler for employees to work together and share their knowledge.

© Jan Lankveld The challenge being met by the City of Utrecht is unprecedented in the Netherlands. Beyond construction and technology, it remains a very human endeavour. Utrecht is the fourth largest city in the Netherlands www.utrecht.nl but in spite of its size it retains a keen eye Tel: +31302860000 for the human scale. That same human scale [email protected] will therefore be a guiding principle for the City of Utrecht organization on its way to the new office. Utrecht’s Station Area E.J. Bronda PO Box 16200 3500 CE Utrecht The Netherlands Commission guide guide Commission

t took two parliamentary hearings but Neelie Kroes was eventually success- Turn on, tune in ful in winning the approval of MEPs agenda Digital for her new role as digital agenda commissioner. The inability of Kroes, a former Dutch government minister, Neelie Kroes plans to champion a truly single online toI negotiate her first hearing took many by surprise. This, after all, was the political market during her stint as digital agenda commissioner heavyweight who spent much of the last five years taking on the likes of Microsoft and Intel as competition commissioner – a role she was deemed, in the main, to have been successful in. She even attracted acclaim for daring to take on such corporate giants. It was suggested that the negative MEP response to her first parliamentary hearing was mere political “tit-for-tat” following the earlier forced withdrawal of the centre-right Bulgarian candidate Rumiana Jeleva. It seems appropriate that in her first appearance she wore a brooch in the shape of a question mark, apparently her way of saying the hearing was not a foregone conclusion. Clearly it was not. Whatever the reason, the 68-year-old’s appearance left many MEPs so underwhelmed she was required to reappear at a second, private meeting a few days later. Despite the objections of commission president José Manuel Barroso, she later appeared before the group coordinators of parliament’s industry, research and enterprise committee where she gave a commitment to developing a digital single market and addressing Europe’s online copyright laws. Kroes gave a hint as to her future intentions when she told MEPs, “Our European online market is an uneven patchwork of national markets. They are divided by differing regulation, creating a ‘strait-jacket’ that frustrates consumers and limits businesses.” It is her intention, she declared, to work with parliament to “champion a truly single online market: for goods and for services not yet imagined”. Given her formidable reputation, it should not come as a surprise to hear that she favours “tough responses” to those who breach or ignore EU law and implementa-

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 31 Commission guide guide Commission Digital agenda Digital

FACTFILE Mandate Her role is to help turn Europe into a “real” digital area and exploit the potential of ICT as a major enabling technology for raising productivity and addressing long-term challenges such as energy efficiency. The role also involves promoting an integrated ICT policy framework and addressing

both supply and demand for digital services, tion deadlines. It was her ambition, she should be “up to the market to do the job”, products and contents. said, to work with industry and stakehold- she said.

ers to produce “consensual and innovative” French Socialist member Catherine Cabinet contributions to the digital agenda. “But Trautmann asked about potential EU indus- let me assure you,” she told MEPs, “if that trial policy in the sector. Kroes said, “If you Head: Anthony Whelan (02 295 0941) does not produce solutions, the public call it industry, then I’m your friend. We need Deputy head: Lorena Boix Alonso authorities have to take their responsi- 100 per cent broadband availability“ because Spokesperson: Jonathan Todd (02 299 4107) bilities in order to achieve our common it will improve competitiveness and bring an Members: Helmut Dupuy, Giuseppe Conte, objectives.” Under her watch, Kroes said Arnoud Bader, Thibault Kleiner she will try to develop Europe’s information society and press ahead with copyright Our European online market reform. View from parliament Austrian EPP member Paul Rübig and is an uneven patchwork of “I had expected her to be more challenging given German party colleague Angelika Niebler national markets her reputation” were keen to get more information on pos- Malcolm Harbour Chair of parliament’s internal sible new regulation which would further market and consumer affairs committee lower the prices of mobile roaming to “Kroes fared much better the second time around which Kroes said that “it would be ideal if “excellent opportunity to create jobs, higher and gave solid opinions and proposals” there would be a single EU roaming market productivity and economic growth.” Pilar del Castillo Vera Member of parliament’s without borders”, but wasn’t sure if that Despite an uncertain start, most expect industry, research and energy committee could happen by the end of her mandate. her to quickly grow into her new brief and “We are positive about Kroes and know she She concluded that her decisions about new she told deputies the web streaming of the is extremely competent but we just wanted to legislation would be based on the interim hearings was a “powerful symbol” of how confirm certain issues” review and follow-up report. If they were to “significant” ICT has become, adding that Lena Ek Member of parliament’s industry, show that the market does not work prop- it is a “driver for growth, improves our lives research and energy committee erly, she would act. But in the first place it and makes us more prosperous”.

32 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 AMSTERDAM - THE HAGUE - ROTTERDAM - UTRECHT

G-4 Europe Urban Europe - Why cities matter Urban agendas in EU policy The G-4 cities Amsterdam, The Hague, The main objective of the G-4 is to Rotterdam and Utrecht are the economic ‘Prosperous cities’ equal a prospering monitor EU policy and legislative engine of the Netherlands and as a Europe. The majority (some 75%) of developments paying special attention whole represent one of the strongest European citizens live in urban areas. to two urban agendas: economic regions within the EU. Urban areas are key centres of cultural and economic activity. They are the  Urban Sustainable Development The G-4 have a joint EU representation engines of economic growth and Agenda office in Brussels. This EU office forms cultural vibrancy, providing benefits an integrated part of the national of agglomeration for businesses, and  Economic Agenda political and technical co-operation of attract the most dynamic companies the four cities aiming to promote their and fastest growing industries (cities It is crucial that future regulations and common interests. are responsible for 80% of all economic policy frameworks reflect the interests activity). However, at the same time, of the cities and their inhabitants; this The EU office monitors EU policy and cities face concentrations of social, includes a (pro)active response to legislative developments, engages environmental and economic problems. European proposals and the agenda with the EU institutions on behalf setting of G-4 priorities with an EU of the G-4 cities, raises G-4’s profile The challenge is to harness the potential dimension. and promotes its best practices. of deprived urban areas and their Efforts focus on strengthening our inhabitants, and offer opportunities For the latest G-4 publication network and intensifying effective to access the wider society. The EU “Eight Examples of Successful Urban relationships with Europe’s political has been very helpful with exploring Economic Innovation - A contribution by representatives, administrators, and ways in which these areas and their the G-4 to the European strategy 2020” various interest groups, including inhabitants can play their part in the other local and regional EU offices in creation of comprehensive, well- please see our website Brussels. balanced and vital cities. www.G-4.eu

G-4 Europe contact details: For more information on the G-4 cities:

G-4 EU Office Amsterdam: www.amsterdam.nl Square de Meeûs 1 (3rd floor) B-1000 Brussels The Hague: www.denhaag.nl Phone: 00 32 (0)2 737 1030 Fax: 00 32 (0)2 213 8340 Rotterdam: www.rotterdam.nl @mail: [email protected] Website: www.G-4.eu Utrecht: www.utrecht.nl ANEC Raising Standards for Consumers

Ever thought why your mobile phone works away from home?

Standards!

Now why do you need to carry a bag full of electrical adaptors when you travel abroad?

That’s right - a lack of standards!

Stephen Russell, ANEC Secretary General European Standards provide harmonised technical rules and guidelines for the manufacture of products or provision of services. Under the New Approach to Technical Harmonisation and Standardisation, the European legislator restricts himself to define the essential health and safety requirements that a particular class of product, like a toy or a medical device, must meet to be sold on the EU market and leaves the technical solution to standards makers. Market players then come together in the three European Standards Organisations (ESOs) - CEN, CENELEC & ETSI - to define the standards.

The problem is that the ESOs are private associations and there is no fundamental reason why their work should take into account the public interest. To complement the business interest, which often dominates the standardisation process, it is crucial to ensure a strong consumer representation. How? Through ANEC, which brings together consumers from over 30 European countries and ensures the process is not driven by cost and profit alone.

ANEC fights everyday to ensure standards are well elaborated and applied in order to make our lives easier, the services and products we buy safer, interoperable and accessible, with a reduced environmental impact. ANEC also aims to shape the related European legislation.

With the New Legislative Framework for Goods having come into force on 1 January 2010, with For more information the potential to extend the principles of the New Approach to almost all product classes, there has Avenue de Tervueren 32, never been a greater need for ANEC and its efforts on behalf of 500 million European consumers. Box 27, B-1040 Brussels ANEC looks forward to working with the new Commission to achieve a Europe that is not only Tel.: +32-2-743.24.70 Fax: +32-2-706.54.30 good for business but which offers the highest levels of consumer protection and welfare practicable. www.anec.eu ANEC has signed the European Commission’s Register of Interest Representatives with identification number 507800799-30 http://companies.to/anec and accepted its Code of Conduct. Commission guide guide Commission

n his letters outlining the political Green growth guidelines of the new college, José entrepreneurship and Industry Manuel Barroso warned that he wanted his potential team to take the commission’s partnership with the Antonio Tajani hopes that his plans to marry business and European parliament to a new level. “ThatI will require an investment,” he said, the environment within an integrated industrial policy will “in terms of political attention and in terms present an opportunity to transform Europe’s economy of time, from every member of the commission.” Antonio Tajani certainly seemed to take these guidelines to heart, and spent much of his marathon appearance in front of parliament’s industry, research and energy committee massaging MEPs’ egos, praising the institution’s “full democratic legitimacy” and promising to set up camp in parliament at every opportunity. In between bouts of parliament sweet talking, the former MEP found time to explain what exactly he plans to do to stimulate Europe’s ailing industries. Outlining his plans for a new industrial policy, which he told deputies would be a key element of the commission’s much- vaunted EU 2020 strategy, Tajani said a more integrated approach would help Europe develop innovative technologies, manufacturing processes, new products and jobs. The Italian said he believed that the fight against climate change and his integrated industrial policy were “two sides of the same coin” and a “marriage of convenience” that would bolster Europe’s competitiveness and create high-quality green jobs. He said the EU institutions “needed to get the message across” that greening the economy would be good for European businesses. “Combating climate change and effecting the transition to a low- carbon economy represent both a challenge and an opportunity,” he said. But he warned that this challenge “cannot be tackled without investing in innovation and new technologies”. He said he would provide details on his new policy before the end of 2010. A central pillar of Tajani’s policy will be support for innovation and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Arguing that innovation is vital to achieving the objectives of Europe 2020, Tajani said he would team up with new research and innovation commis-

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 35 Commission guide guide Commission Industry and entrepreneurship and Industry FACTFILE Mandate Tajani will be responsible for the modernisation and the strengthening of the EU’s industrial base, by developing an integrated industrial policy that puts the economy On a dynamic growth path, develops new sources of sustainable growth and ensures that Europe remains an attractive industrial location as it moves to a lower carbon economy. It falls on him to also foster the development of SMEs by implementing the Small Business Act, developing a new culture for entrepreneurship, improving access to finance and supporting export growth potential. Tajani also under the Lisbon treaty has competence for space policy.

Cabinet sioner Máire Geoghegan-Quinn to draw up policy and by the application of an “SME Head: Antonio Preto (02 298 1973) an action plan to shake up innovation policy. test” to assess the impact of all new EU leg- Deputy head: Diego Canga Fano (02 295 7252) Bolstering support for SMEs features heavily islative plans. Tajani also vowed to make life Spokesperson: Fabio Pirotta (02 296 7284)

in Tajani’s plans, particularly improving their easier for SMEs with simpler rules on stan- access to finance. Support for export growth dardisation and public procurement. Members: Ruth Paserman (02 299 3638), will also have to be urgently addressed to Tajani called for a focus on implement- Johann Friedrich Colsman (02 295 7344), Mattia

ensure that the economic difficulties affecting the REACH chemical safety legislation Pellegrini (02 295 4138), Massimo Baldinato (02 295 7543), Silvia Bartolini (02 295 8026) ing SMEs do not develop into a social crisis. ahead of a 2012 deadline, and outlined the “SMEs are the backbone of the economy,” importance of tourism in boosting jobs and growth. He also argued in defence of a list “ View from parliament of industrial sectors that should be exempt “Overall, [Antonio Tajani’s] understanding of the from paying for emissions trading alloca- Combating climate change issues and problems raised was appreciated. and effecting the transition tions, warning that jobs could be lost through However certain political groups expressed carbon leakage. The Italian touched briefly reservations on the perceived lack of depth in to a low-carbon economy on a wide range of issues during his hearing, explaining how general political commitments will represent both a challenge from lobbyists to the EU’s automotive sector, be transformed into actual policy instruments… space policy to EC quality labels. Several Members liked Tajani’s strong political pledge “and an opportunity MEPs criticised him for not being specific to address the needs of SMEs and defend his enough, repeating previous replies to ques- portfolio in conflicting with other commissioners’ tions and not outlining how he would deal spheres. His cooperative disposition to listen he said. Tajani promised to meet up with the with conflict within the college of commis- to, consult and work closely with the European parliament was welcomed. He was perceived president of the European Investment Bank sioners, particularly on environmental issues to have well supported his candidature by the to ensure that the €30bn in credit set aside for that would arise as a result of his cross-cutting professional competence and aptitude that he small businesses “will really get to SMEs”. He portfolio. This stung him into a lengthy demonstrated during the hearing as a skilled also urged MEPs to move quickly in adopting speech listing the commitments he would communicator and a dedicated European the late payments directive and to speed up undertake over the next five years. However politician.” the implementation of the small businesses his earlier flattery seemed to pay off, and Herbert Reul chair of parliament’s industry, act. He said he wanted to raise the profile of despite overrunning his time by half an hour, research and energy committee SMEs by incorporating a “think small first” he was warmly applauded by MEPs.

36 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 AUTOMOTIVE CONSUMER Europe’s microchip industry. Enabling innovation Includes increased fuel e ciency and reduced emissions &

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EUCAR is supporting the EU 2020 Strategy through research EUCAR’s six areas of focus in research for future sustainable transportation. Electrification of the Vehicle A sustainable transport system and a sustainable industrial base in Europe depend on a strong research capability. Cooperative research leverages industry’s ability to Safety Applications in Co-operative Systems innovate, creating new technologies and increasing the ability of industry to compete Ecological and Efficient Manufacturing in the European and global market. The development of appropriate scientific and engineering skills is essential to ensure the long term competitiveness of European Urban Mobility and Transport business and the dynamism of the entire research community. Improving the Alternative Fuels competitiveness, efficiency and safety of transport will make a substantial concrete contribution to economic growth and prosperity, which in turn provides a solid base Suitable Materials for social progress and environmental protection. The benefits of EU research framework programmes will be enhanced by a structure Main current issues in EU research policy which encourages industry to participate, by reducing administrative burdens to the minimum and directing EU support towards those activities which offer the greatest Improving administrative & financial issues for societal gain. Research both into new technologies and into continuous participants in EU research programmes improvement of existing technologies must be pursued, to ensure progress is Identifying the future transport research priorities identified in all potential areas. EUCAR is currently chaired by Marc Duval-Destin, VP for Research & Advanced Promoting technologies for sustainable transport Engineering at PSA Peugeot Citroën. EUCAR and its members are working with the 7th Framework Programme review participation European Commission, the European Parliament, Member States, European Technology Platforms, suppliers and other research and policy stakeholders to 8th Framework Programme set-up participation support an effective framework for collaborative research to 2020 and beyond.

EUCAR Mission “Strengthen the Competitiveness of the European Automotive Manufacturers through Strategic Collaborative R&D”, by: • Identifying, formulating and prioritising the common R&D needs; • Interacting with the European Commission, national bodies and other key stakeholders in order to represent, promote and communicate these R&D needs; • Initiating, supporting and monitoring impact studies, projects and programmes.

EUCAR is the European Council for Automotive R&D from the major European passenger car and commercial vehicle manufacturers. EUCAR facilitates and coordinates pre-competitive research and development projects and participates in a wide range of collaborative European R&D programmes. The European automobile manufacturers are the largest private investors in R&D in Europe with around EUR 20 billion investments per annum, or 4% of turnover. EUCAR members are BMW, DAF, Daimler, Fiat, Ford Europe, GME/Opel, Porsche, PSA Peugeot Citroën, Renault, Scania, Volkswagen Group and Volvo. EUCAR is closely connected to ACEA, the European Automobile Manufacturers Association. EUCAR Contact: + 32 27387352 : www.eucar.be ; [email protected] Commission guide guide Commission

espite being a career dip- lomat, stepping before the Balancing act European parliament was an administration and relations Inter-institutional almost unfriendly experience for new inter-institutional relations and administration Maroš Šefčovič will spend the next five Dcommissioner, Maroš Šefčovič. Right from the off he came under fire years juggling the sometimes difficult from some members of the constitution- dynamic of the EU’s institutional family al affairs committee, with Spanish EPP deputy Íñigo Méndez De Vigo pushing him on derogatory comments he is reported to have made in 2005 about the Roma minor- ity group. Possibly calling on his time spent negotiating the difficult paths of the Middle East as a Slovak ambassador, Šefčovič quickly fought back. “Please put this work on the same scale with this quote which is five years old… it is clearly taken out of context... I did not mean to offend anybody,” he said. “If I offended, I really regret it,” he added. “I never had anti-Roma sentiments. I am ready to work with those who want to work with this issue.” With first blood drawn, his only way was up. Pushed on the role for parliament in the post-Lisbon framework, the Slovak said its new powers were “one of the major plusses” of the treaty – always a vote winner among MEPs. He rallied again with discussion over the citizens’ initiative (which he will push the Spanish presidency to implement), the European external action service (for which his only goal is for it to be a “big success”), electoral reform for European elections (he supports anything that increases voter turnout), the seat of the parliament, and his concept of Europe. The subject of the often mentioned but little used lobbying register also made it into the debating floor. The then commissioner-designate seemed opposed to a mandatory arrangement explaining, “The voluntary approach has worked fairly well... The commission could not work with access badges like parliament.” Today, with his appointment agreed, the dust of his grilling before the assembly

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 39 Commission guide guide Commission Inter-institutional relations and administration and relations Inter-institutional

FACTFILE Mandate The commissioner for inter-institutional relations and administrative affairs is responsible for the administration of the commission, including management of some of the commission’s internal services; in particular consolidation of administrative reform, personnel and administration, European schools and security. The commissioner is also responsible for settled, and his own access to parliament involvement of all sectors of society: nation- the following departments; the directorate- therefore secured, Šefčovič is setting out al, regional and local authorities, business, general for personnel and administration, the his priorities. “The EU has huge potential trade unions and civil society.” office for the administration and payment of to act in the interest of Europe’s citizens,” Looking to working with parliament, the individual entitlement, the directorate-general he says. “But to do this, it needs to be new commissioner explains, “The Lisbon for informatics, the office of infrastructure built on the firm foundations of the EU’s treaty has increased notably the role of and logistics, and relations with the European

institutions.” the European parliament in the legisla- personnel selection office. He adds, “The lesson of recent years is tive process, bolstering the importance of The commissioner is ccountable to the that when the EU acts together – whether building consensus on future initiatives.” parliament’s constitutional affairs committee.

on climate change and energy, or on the He continues, “With codecision becoming the ordinary legislative procedure, we need Cabinet to ensure similar treatment in the commis- To make our policies “ sion’s dealings with the institutions.” Head: Juraj Nociar (02 299 0176) effective, we need a Once again playing to the MEP rafters, Deputy head: Bernd Biervert (02 295 6887) the Slovakian told deputies that, as com- Spokesperson: Michael Mann (02 299 9780 strong leadership from missioner in charge of inter-institutional Members: Dora Correia (02 295 0101), Marie- the European institutions relations, he will pay particular attention Hélène Pradines (02 299 0167), Christian Linder and meticulous care that these principles are (02 298 6917), Gabriela Kečkéšová (02 296 2732), “together with the involvement respected and applied by the commission Zuzana Dutkova (02 296 2736) of all sectors of society vis-à-vis the assembly. Finishing with a diplomatic flourish, the View from parliament seasoned negotiator added that excellent “Šefčovič proved his thorough knowledge and response to the financial, economic and relations between the commissioners and good practical experience of the EU institutional social crisis – it can meet its ambitions.” the parliament, particularly in their con- set-up and administration. He was well-prepared “My main priority as commissioner for tacts with the relevant committees, are for the hearing, although sometimes he might inter-institutional relations is to ensure that primordial for rendering the cooperation have had more courage his personal views on the inter-institutional relations bring about a between the two institutions successful for issues in question.” true partnership. To make our policies effec- the benefit of the general public. With par- Carlo Casini chair of the constitutional affairs tive, we need a strong leadership from the liament’s star rising, notions like that could committee European institutions together with the get him everywhere.

40 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 Europe’s buildings need Energy-Ef cient Glass! Better use of high-performance glass in buildings could help reduce Europe’s CO2 emissions by 100 million tonnes annually.

100 million tonnes of CO2 is as much as one third of the EU target of 20% greater energy efﬁciency by

2020. If the EU is to succeed in cutting 300 million tonnes of CO2 emissions annually by saving energy wasted in buildings, then Europe’s buildings need new windows which incorporate advanced technologies such as solar-control and highly-insulating glass.

State-of-the-Art glass is also an integral part of photovoltaic solar panels that help provide a source of renewable energy, while advanced technologies in windscreens and windows for vehicles provide safety, security, comfort and energy savings. At the end of its useful life, glass can be collected and recycled thus making it a sustainable and environmentally-friendly product.

With the right policies and legislation to support the uptake of energy-efﬁcient glass, policy-makers can make sure the EU delivers on its commitment to tackle climate change.

To learn more on glass technologies and glass contribution to energy savings, please visit www.glassforeurope.com

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riving economic recov- In the driving seat ery through the creation of Environment green jobs, halting the loss of biodiversity and protecting Europe’s ecosystems are just Janez Potočnik aims to make the EU a world leader on some of the pressing in-tray Dissues awaiting Janez Potočnik as he takes the environment while providing the impetus to kick- over as EU environment commissioner. start Europe’s economic recovery This may seem a daunting task, but if his performance before MEPs during his confirmation hearing is anything to go by, Potočnik will take on the job with diligence and skill. With five years as science and research commissioner under his belt, Slovenia’s representative in the Barroso II college is no stranger to the workings of the EU executive. This came across clearly in his hearing when confronted with tough questions on issues such as the REACH chemicals legislation and the failure of world leaders to reach a deal at the Copenhagen climate summit last December. Potočnik’s time as DG Research’s top dog has left him with a definitive results-driven approach and in his last blog entry as research commissioner he spoke of the need for environmental policy to be “grounded in evidence”. During his hearing, the commissioner also promised to make the implementation of environmental legislation a priority. Asked by UK Liberal Chris Davies if he would do more than “push paper round a desk”, Potočnik said it would be his role to ensure laws were enforced. “If we have adopted legislation then we have to implement it,” he added. When Davies asked Potočnik if he “has what it takes” to oversee one of the EU’s most important portfolios, the commissioner responded with an unequivocal “yes”, adding that he would do everything in his power to make Europe a world leader on the environment. One thing that came through very strongly in Potočnik’s opening speech was his commitment to driving forward policies to promote sustainable growth. “Preserving the environment makes such enormous economic, social and business sense,” he

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 43 Commission guide guide Commission Environment

FACTFILE Mandate The environment commissioner is responsible for promoting the green economy and halting the loss of biodiversity. Janez Potočnik is tasked with ensuring that environment policy contributes to a greener economy, presenting plans for eco- innovation, environmental technology and the next phase of sustainable consumption and production to make the EU more resource efficient. He also contributes to the EU air, land and water management policies to increase the resilience of ecosystems. Biodiversity will also be high on the agenda in 2010, the international year for biodiversity. The environment commissioner is responsible to parliament’s environment, public health and food safety committee.

Cabinet said. “Maybe we don’t have a silver bullet Hedegaard to help Europe cut emissions Head: Kurt Vandenberghe (02 296 9207) to take us out of recession, but we have a and protect the environment. The com- Deputy: Matjaž Malgaj (02 298 8674)

green one.” missioner responded frankly to questions Spokesperson: Joe Hennon (02 295 3593) This is at the top of the agenda for José about the Copenhagen summit, where he Members: Vesna Valant (02 298 8675), Bénédicte Manuel Barroso who, in his mission state- said the EU had become “sidelined”, and Caremier (02 295 4037), William Neale (02 299 ment to Potočnik, said he would need to the climate leadership “a bit lost”.“ But he 6710), Elena Višnar Malinovská (02 296 7055) lead the commission’s efforts to ensure that environmental policy “makes an important contribution to a greener economy”. This Preserving the environment View from parliament will include developing eco-innovation, makes such enormous “Mr Poto nik’s strong commitment to resource environmental technology and plans to č efficiency and green economy, for example make the EU more resource efficient. economic, social and creating jobs and stimulating our economy Other key areas will be water, waste, forests, business sense through preserving the environment, was highly air quality and noise, and biodiversity. On appreciated, as was his willingness to prepare a this Potočnik is confident, but he is by no “ potential seventh environment action programme. means complacent, criticising failed efforts Members also welcomed his resolve to firmly to halt biodiversity loss and describing the dismissed claims from British EFD MEP implement REACH and biodiversity legislation as it issue as “one hell of a question”. Paul Nuttall over the legitimacy of research stands. Yet, some of the commissioner-designate’s Potočnik will not be responsible for on climate change, saying it would be a answers could have been more concrete, for climate change policy, which will go to “catastrophe” to fail to act on the environ- instance in the field of water policy.” Denmark’s Connie Hedegaard as the ment. “I hope we are politically responsible Jo Leinen chair of parliament’s environment EU’s climate action commissioner. But enough to respond on this issue well in committee he insisted he would work closely with advance,” he said.

44 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 VEBE_0912253_BouqUK_210x270.qxd:_ 21/12/09 19:12 Page 1 TAF • BAT

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lli Rehn, who oversaw EU Money talks enlargement in the last com- affairs monetary and Economic mission, is now charged with the task of ensuring member states rein in spending and Olli Rehn will be looking to fine-tune Europe’s finances deal with big debts. And the OFinn will be hoping to make a bigger impres- as economic and monetary affairs commissioner sion in tackling Europe’s economic woes than he did with some deputies at his hearing before parliament’s committee for economic and monetary affairs. Most still see Rehn, who has also served in the Finnish parliament and is a special- ist in political economy, as a key figure in José Manuel Barroso’s new college. It was under his watch that Bulgaria and Romania joined the EU in 2007 and the 47-year-old also generally managed to tread a fine line on the thorny issue of Turkey’s possible EU membership. At Rehn’s hearing, Green MEP Sven Giegold challenged him to spell out some “concrete measures” to tackle imbalances within the EU and excessive public debt and to identify his three main priorities. Rehn replied, “The first and foremost priority for me must be jobs and growth. It must be our joint overarching objective in the coming years.” His second priority is to “work to ensure the sustainability of public finances in the EU” and, thirdly, to “strengthen” the EU’s role in international economic relations. On this, German ALDE member Wolf Klinz, who chairs parliament’s special committee on the economic crisis, asked about Rehn’s programme for dealing with the EU’s differences with the US, while French Greens MEP Pascal Canfin asked for his views on China’s proposal for reform of the monetary system. Rehn said the EU has worked well with the US, particularly through the G20 and that more discussion is needed with the US but also with China on balancing the macro-economic situation. With regard to the monetary system proposal, Rehn found the fact that China is willing to engage in multilateral coordination “interesting

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 47 Commission guide guide Commission Economic and monetary affairs monetary and Economic

FACTFILE Mandate The post involves safeguarding “macro-economic stability” and strengthening the coordination of member states’ economic policies. Rehn will have to take the lead in developing work on a coordinated strategy for managing the exit from the downturn and contributing to bringing public finances back to a sustainable path. The euro area and its gradual enlargement will be another focus of his responsibilities.

and promising”. Many MEPs raised the nisms. British EFD member Godfrey Bloom Cabinet issue of improved coordination and super- asked what lessons Rehn would take on Head: Timo Pesonen (02 295 7995) vision. Socialist member Udo Bullmann board from the crisis to which he replied Deputy head: Stéphanie Riso (02 295 5062) asked how Rehn envisaged ensuring better the downturn had made clear that it will Advisor: Vesa Vihriälä

coordination among the member states on be “essential quickly to adopt the micro- Spokesperson: Amadeu Altafaj Tardio (02 295 economic policy. The commissioner replied and macro-prudential financial supervision 2658) that he would use Lisbon treaty to step up package”. He also recommended stronger Members: Taneli Lahti (02 292 1201), Mandeep coordination in the euro area and“ deepen supervisory capacity at the EU level. Bains (02 299 6280), Risto Artjoki (02 298 preventive surveillance. Rehn, who served a short spell as an MEP, 6790), Matti Maasikas (02 295 2295), Nina also gave his full backing to the EU 2020 Hyvärinen strategy, the successor to the much-vaunted The first and foremost Lisbon strategy while at the same time cautioning that its success will rely to a large View from parliament priority for me must be extent on enforcement of the stability and “As a former commissioner, Olli Rehn has the jobs and growth growth pact (which sets a public debt thresh- experience and personal qualifications need. He old of three per cent of GDP). What Rehn has also shown, in particular through his past made clear when questioned by MEPs is that work, a commitment to European goals and willingness to cooperate with the parliament. he does not favour countries whose econo- “ However, ECON members expressed their wish German EPP member Werner Langen mies (like Greece) rise above the threshold that at future meetings Mr Rehn would be more asked about the suitability of the stability and being required to leave the EU. forthcoming with his views on matters that are growth pact and how it could be strength- With Europe’s economy finally on the pertinent to his portfolio while paying due regard ened. Rehn reiterated that the pact is the mend Rehn says that continued economic to the sensitivities and constraints outlines in the “right mechanism” to return to stability and recovery also depends on greater fiscal coor- treaty.” that together with Lisbon, it would ensure dination. A known lover of rock and jazz, Sharon Bowles chair of parliament’s economic that member states conform. He added that Rehn will be hoping his prognosis hits the and monetary affairs committee Greece will be the first test for these mecha- right note.

48 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010

Health worker Elisee Sansa records information about women and their children at the Barumbu mother and child centre in Kinshasa, DRC. Since 2005, innovative health system strengthening is made available in parallel with vaccine support. GAVI.08.OLIVIER ASSELIN

Saving lives through immunisation

The GAVI Alliance is a public-private partnership aimed at saving children’s lives “Immunisation is key to help reach Millennium Development and improving people’s health by increasing Goal 4 to reduce child mortality by two-thirds by 2015. access to immunisation in poor countries. The biggest vaccine-preventable killers of children under ﬁ ve Immunisation is one of the most cost- effective ways to save lives, improve health, are pneumococcal disease and rotavirus diarrhoea. With sufﬁ cient funding, and ensure long-term prosperity. GAVI could support developing countries in rolling out the vaccines against In only 10 years, more than 250 million pneumococcal and rotavirus that kill over 1.2 million children each year.” children have been vaccinated and 5 million Mary Robinson, GAVI Board Chair premature deaths averted thanks to GAVI-funded programmes.

More than 70 % of GAVI’s support for 5 million immunisation and health programmes goes to African, Caribbean and Paciﬁ c nations.

Funding from the European Commission has been instrumental in supporting ACP countries lives saved to scale up immunisation programmes. GAVI brings together developing country and donor governments, the World Health Organization, UNICEF, the World Bank,

UNICEF.07.GIACOMO PIROZZI the vaccine industry in both industrialised 2000 2010 and developing countries, research and technical agencies, civil society, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and other private philanthropists.

For more information visit: www.gavialliance.org E-mail: [email protected]

2000 2001 2003 2006 2008 2009 Launch of GAVI Alliance First GAVI-funded vaccines US$ 1 billion committed First vaccine bonds issued GAVI increases funding for GAVI recognised as at World Economic Forum reach Africa to GAVI’s immunisation to raise funds for GAVI health system strengthening international institution in Davos programmes to US$ 800 million in Switzerland Commission guide guide Commission

he recently confirmed development commissioner may be new to his Developing potential brief, but he is a familiar figure in Development Brussels. Andris Piebalgs, former energy commissioner, is the man José Manuel Barroso has charged Andris Piebalgs will have his work cut out if he is to ensure Twith maintaining “the EU’s role as a champion of the developing world”. This, of course, development goals are not sidelined by competing considerations will be no mean feat. So the question is, how exactly does the Latvian intend to go about achieving this, and is he up to the job? Having gained wide respect from peers during his first stint in Barroso’s college, Piebalgs comfortably convinced MEPs that he has what it takes to ensure development is not cast aside as the bloc grapples to overcome the ongoing global financial and economic crises. “You should not be afraid that we will lose the development policy dimension. We will not lose it,” said Piebalgs during his confirmation hearing. “I will work hard to make sure that all EU policies really have a development component, whether they are trade, agriculture, fisheries, and many more. I am aware that this will not always be easy, but you can count on my determination.” With the deadline for review of the millennium development goals coinciding with Piebalgs’ scheduled departure date, this is one issue which is high on the former finance minister’s long-term agenda. Setting out his vision for his five-year stint to parliament’s development committee, Piebalgs said, “We have to succeed. I know that this will be difficult, but they are serious promises, not just vague aspirations.” And, when pressed on the risk that recently committed climate financing would cut into official development assistance, Piebalgs was firm in his rebuttal: these are two separate issues, and funding must reflect this. The 0.7 per cent of gross domestic product promised as official development aid by member states must be realised, irrespective of the current economic downturn or additional climate financing. “We should keep member states to what they have promised,” he said. “I will do everything I can to urge member states to keep the promises they have made. It is in our most basic interest to do so. I shall not hesitate to

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 51 Commission guide guide Commission

Development FACTFILE Mandate Piebalgs has a key role in relation to the millennium development goals, as well as challenges like food and water security, health and education. The relationship between the EU and Africa will be a focus in coming years. With responsibility for implementation, Piebalgs must drive forward the aid effectiveness agenda. The new portfolio builds on the existing development portfolio, taking into account the Lisbon treaty. It requires close cooperation with Catherine Ashton, and Piebalgs will need to work closely with the EEAS when it is up and running. He will represent the commission in the foreign affairs council. DG development will be under Piebalgs’ authority. identify very clearly those member states that structures could benefit the EU’s development In relation to the foreign affairs council, Piebalgs fail to meet their commitments.” policy. The new architecture, including the will be supported by the secretariat-general, Piebalgs also admitted that aid effective- European external action service, is designed as well as the EEAS. Parliament’s development

ness “is a big challenge” and says that there to give the EU a greater presence in the committee is relevant to Pieblags’ portfolio. is an “agenda for action” on improving the foreign policy field. And with the develop- situation at both EU and international level. ment commissioner taking one of the seats Cabinet

“We have improved on it. Our aid is more at the external affairs council, Piebalgs should accountable. It is also timelier, so it is more be well placed to defend development policy Head: Christopher Jones (02 296 5030) Deputy head: P teris Ustubs (02 295 1325) predicable,” he said. “But there are a lot of goals in the foreign policy scheme. Piebalgs ē Spokesperson: Catherine Ray (02 296 9921) things that need to be done. So I believe that isn’t likely to shy away from his responsibili- we will continue this aid effectiveness agenda ties. Quite the opposite, in fact.“ He looks as if members: Antti Karhunen (02 296 0281), Maud inside the EU and globally.” Aside from the Arnould (02 296 6521), Philippe Latriche (02 299 economic and climate crises Piebalgs has 3215), Stina Soewarta (02 294 6092) to contend with, the development dossier is I will work hard to make one which also has to get to grips with the post-Lisbon EU and the new institutional sure that all EU policies View from parliament set-up established by the treaty. This means really have a development “Andris Piebalgs seems to be the ideal candidate that Piebalgs will be working closely with for the post of development commissioner. By EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton, component nominating such a good candidate, president among others. As everyone finds their feet Barroso has underscored the importance of the “ portfolio. Andris Piebalgs demonstrated a thorough in their new roles, the ins and outs of the knowledge of the political aspects of his brief working relationship are yet to be ironed out. he is relishing the task ahead of him. Unlike and was very well informed on the important But Piebalgs is optimistic for the future part- some of his peers, Piebalgs rarely looked flus- role that the development commissioner must nership and dismisses speculation of potential tered as he faced MEPs. And his direct style play in ensuring the success of the millennium conflict. “I have no doubt that we will manage went down well, with deputies applauding development goals. He assured MEPs on the very well and that there will be no real battles when he told them that he has no secrets. development committee that he will work closely on the ground between development goals “I have nothing to hide,” he said. “I believe with them to ensure delivery on a number and foreign policy. I can confirm this.” you know everything about my personality. I of important objectives, from existing aid Piebalgs is confident that his brief will have no skeletons in my closet.” Piebalgs is an commitments to improving land ownership rights.” not be overshadowed by foreign policy con- experienced European policymaker, but will Gay Mitchell EPP group coordinator in the siderations. In fact, in the hands of a strong have to work hard if the applause isn’t to dry development committee commissioner, the remodelled cooperation out over the next five years.

52 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 It is time to base sports betting policy on facts

Stanleybet welcomes Commissioner Barnier’s willingness to drive a new EU approach towards sports betting based on hard facts.

We have always argued that the proper regulation of sports betting markets must be based on sound evidence and not on false allegations which are often motivated by vested interests and not what is best for the European consumers.

We also welcome Commissioner Barnier’s assertion that the European Court of Justice (ECJ) ‘Santa Casa’ ruling1 will not fundamentally change the Commission’s approach towards infringement procedures. One cannot fail to notice that a number of Member States have abusively maintained their restrictions in the provision of sports betting services by openly disregarding the EU Treaty, using the fight against fraud and consumer protection as a pretext to protect their national incumbents, while providing no evidence whatsoever to show the existence of such issues.

The inconvenient truth is that whilst maintaining restrictive legislative environments on the grounds of consumer protection, certain Member States such as Greece have conducted literally no studies whatsoever to even assess such risks.

More importantly, a wide body of existing peer-reviewed academic research demonstrates that there is little if any correlation between the national level of gambling addiction and market restrictions, as it is the quality of consumer protection legislation itself that effectively combat gambling addiction, rather than arbitrary restrictions.

Recently denounced by the Petitions Committee of the European Parliament, the Greek case is particularly striking: Greece has not moved an inch since February 2008 when they were required by the European Commission to remove unlawful restrictions or face the ECJ. This is all the more unacceptable as the Greek regulatory framework for sports betting is based on exclusive rights granted to OPAP SA, a private for-profit Greek company listed on the Athens Stock Exchange.

It is now time to act. As a leading responsible sports betting operator, we are more than ready to contribute to the consultation announced by Commissioner Barnier so that the future policy outcome, whatever format it takes, is based on true facts, not myths.

John Whittaker Chief Executive Stanleybet

For any further information, please contact Konstantinos Maragkakis, Head of Communications, Stanleybet International, Rue d’ Arlon 25, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium GSM: +32 472 28 07 42, Email: [email protected]

1 ECJ Case C-42/07 (Liga Portuguesa de Futebol Profissional and Baw International) Protecting and Enforcing Trade Marks – a key challenge for the EU2020

ith the Lisbon Treaty in place and a new Commission confirmed, the EU now faces a number Wof challenges when it comes to the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights in Europe and beyond its borders. The global fight against counterfeiting, the challenges posed by the Internet in terms of consumer protection and IP enforcement, and the need to modernise the European trade mark system are just a few.

INTA Europe Representative Office in Brussels The International Trademark Association (INTA) is a not-for-profit organisation of trademark owners and professionals. Headquartered in New York with offices in Brussels and Shanghai, our mission is to support and advance trade marks and related intellectual property as essential tools of effective consumer protection and fair competition. We represent over 5600 trademark owners and service firms in over 190 countries, across all industry sectors.

Looking ahead, INTA urges the EU to move to a new phase of leadership and ambition in the following areas:

• Fighting against counterfeiting: Millions of European citizens, legitimate businesses and industries in all sectors are threatened by counterfeit goods on a daily basis, putting the health and safety of their customers and their own reputation and investment at risk. As a global leader in anticounterfeiting efforts, INTA believes that nations must work together to mobilise all sectors of society to eliminate the threat of counterfeiting. INTA supports the work of the European Observatory for Counterfeiting and Piracy and the negotiation of the Anticounterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA). We call for the harmonisation of criminal sanctions for trademark counterfeiting as well as improvements in customs enforcement legislation as effective deterrents and tools within the EU, at its borders and at the international level to slow down the growth of this pernicious threat.

• Protecting consumers and trade mark interests on the Internet: Malicious conduct and trade mark abuse online affect businesses and consumers who rely on the Internet and other forms of electronic communication to conduct secure transactions. Cybersquatting, phising attacks, distribution of malware and spam are on the increase. INTA, a founding member of ICANN’s intellectual property constituency (IPC), calls on the EU to promote IP protection and enforcement as the Internet continues to grow and new business models emerge.

• Improving the European Trade Mark System: For the last twenty years, the Community Trade Mark System (CTM) has been effective in harmonising trade mark law across the EU. INTA welcomes the forthcoming review of the CTM and the national systems, and we look forward to proposals that build on past successes, benefit trade mark owners large and small, and ensure continued harmonisation, economic integration and growth in the Single Market.

The protection and enforcement of intellectual property“ rights are essential tools to effective consumer protection and fair competition. INTA urges the EU to move to a new stage of leadership in this area, in the Internal Market and beyond. Gerhard Bauer ” Chief Trademark Counsel, Daimler AG and President-Elect, International Trademark Association

Christina Sleszynska, Europe Representative [email protected] Milesh Gordhandas, Assistant Europe Representative [email protected] 11 Rue des Colonies, 1000 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32-2-517-6103 • Fax: +32-2-517-6500

www.inta.org Commission guide guide Commission

f there’s one new commissioner In the City expected to hit the ground running services and market Internal it is Michel Barnier. France’s powerful new commissioner in charge of financial services secured broad Michel Barnier is well qualified for his job as financial services support for his appointment at his parliamentaryI hearing. commissioner, despite British concerns that he could jeopardise As a former French foreign and agri- London’s status as the financial capital of Europe culture minister and EU commissioner for regional affairs (plus sometime MEP), Barnier appears well qualified for his new job. Perhaps it is just as well, as the commission has a formidable agenda of regulatory proposals ahead of it. Barnier, who will be in charge of bringing in legislation to regulate hedge funds and deal with bankers’ bonuses, told MEPs he is clear on the need to regulate the derivatives market. There are also plans, he indicated, to create a crisis management system for banks that experience fiscal problems, steps to combat insider dealing and a new regulation of the derivatives market. He dropped a heavy hint about his support for reform of the whole financial sector when, during his three-hour hearing, he told MEPs, “We will not come out of the crisis as if nothing has happened. We must learn all its lessons.” He added, “Let us not get things wrong. The crisis may have ema- nated from the markets but our economy will always need functioning markets. We will make financial industry more competitive with the right rules that restore trust. Europe will have a competitive long-term advantage globally if it manages to agree for itself intelligent regulation.” In his opening remarks, Barnier said that better living and working conditions and guaranteed access to high-quality public services would be among his priorities for re-launching the single market. “I will work to put the internal market at the service of human progress, fight social dumping and protect services of general interest,” Barnier said in reply to a number of questions on the social dimension of the common market. “Europe is not doomed to be a sub- contractor of the American or Chinese

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 55 Commission guide guide Commission Internal market and services and market Internal

FACTFILE Mandate Barnier is responsible for giving “new momentum” to the single market while driving the commission’s initiatives in the field of financial services, public procurement, free movement of services, intellectual property and professional qualifications. It falls to him to propose a major set of initiatives to tackle “missing links” and restore confidence in the single market so that “it delivers its full potential” for citizens and small businesses.

Cabinet

Head: Olivier Guersent (02 296 5414) economies. We will need a political Europe was quick to hit back, telling members of Deputy head: Kerstin Jorna (02 296 1326) and a European defence dimension,” said the internal market and consumer protec- Spokesperson: Chantal Hughes (02 296 4450) Barnier responding to a question by French tion committee that he believed in a “strong

EPP member Philippe Juvin about the City”. He said, “I am not going to be taking Members: Francoise Arbault (02 299 1235), fragmentation of the European market in orders from Paris or London or anywhere Paulina Dejmek (02 299 1553), Bertrand Dumont military equipment. “In an unstable, fragile else. I can give you a cast-iron guarantee.” (02 298 1967), Georg Riekeles (02 298 1967), Gregoire Scholler (02 295 1145) and dangerous world, we must have a “ European defence dimension. But we will not advance against the member states with I will work to put the internal View from parliament threats to their sovereignty – we’ll move market at the service of “If Barnier puts into practice what he said at forward with them,” he said. his hearing he will be making a break from his Barnier’s relatively untroubled handling human progress, fight predecessor, Charlie McCreevy. He showed himself of his grilling at the hands of MEPs was social dumping and protect willing to take action but we will judge him on something of a surprise given the storm what he actually does.” of protest his nomination initially created, “services of general interest Evelyn Gebhardt S&D spokeswoman on internal December when French president Nicolas market Sarkozy boasted that his appointment “I want Barnier to back tough and robust rules represented a victory over “Anglo-Saxon Barnier will have one of the most closely for banks in order to avoid a future financial capitalism”. This sparked British concern watched portfolios in the commission but, crisis. With a new commission we have a golden that Barnier might take actions to jeopar- uniquely, has experience serving in the opportunity for Europe to lead and we expect dise London’s status as the financial capital three main EU institutions – the com- Barnier to take up the challenge.” of Europe. mission, parliament (he was elected in last Arlene McCarthy deputy chair of parliament’s But Barnier, a former special advisor to June’s European elections) and council (as a economic and monetary affairs committee commission president José Manuel Barroso, former government minister).

56 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 The Remote Gambling Association (RGA) represents most of the world’s largest licensed and stock market-listed remote gambling companies and provides the industry with a single voice on all the issues of importance to regulators, legislators and key decision makers around the world.

Against this background the RGA and our 28 members are committed to promoting a regulated and non-discriminatory environment for responsible licensed operators in global remote gambling markets.

In representing our members the RGA’s aims include:

 Encouraging high standards of probity, integrity and social responsibility;

 Working to develop viable regimes for the industry to operate in;

 Offering a central source of information for those seeking to understand the industry; and

 Providing a forum for the industry to agree policies and respond to common challenges.

Representing the global online gambling industry

www.rga.eu.com ��

�� Commission guide guide Commission

lready accustomed to the demands Courting success of sparring with MEPs, second- Education,youth culture,and multilingualism time commissioner Androulla Vassiliou always had a sporting chance going into her parlia- Returning commissioner Androulla Vassiliou believes mentary hearing. And the former firstA lady of Cyprus tackled multilingualism, the EU needs to build on the areas where it can make training and mobility for teachers, the role of a difference in peoples’ lives, health and education sport, and the preservation of cultural diversity as she went before deputies. Kicking off her bid for a second term of office, she told members the ball is in their court. She says she plans to work closely with the assembly to define the content of new programmes dealing with culture and media as she has seen “first-hand the importance and the benefits of a structured dialogue with parliament”. Proposals on how to implement the new provisions of the Lisbon treaty in the area of sport are also on the Cypriots agenda. Improving the participation of young people in the democratic life of Europe is another priority of the former health commissioner. Sport is “a vehicle to achieve positive things”, such as good health and team spirit, Vassiliou told deputies, pointing out she will pay attention to all sports, and that developing sport at grass-roots level will be at the heart of her policies. Coaching young people is also key for the future success of Europe, believes Vassiliou, making teacher training another of her key concerns. She also promised to fight for an increase in education and training budgets for the same reason. On other matters, asked whether current anti-doping measures were against privacy laws, Vassiliou said that World Anti-Doping Agency rules have been improved, but that every measure should be proportional. Pushed on the issue of education for immigrant families she said, “We owe it to all children to provide them with a proper education and training... I will encourage member states to do this.” On the Bologna process, she admitted the that “we have not reached the end of the road”. Factors such as teaching quality,

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 59 Commission guide guide Commission Education,youth culture,and multilingualism

FACTFILE Mandate The portfolio is responsible for policies in education and training, youth, sport, civil society, culture, translation, interpretation and relations with the office for official publications of the European communities. It is generally responsible to the culture and education committee but is also involved with employment and social affairs, and industry, research and energy.

Cabinet Head: Philippe Brunet (02 295 4128) Deputy head: Despina Spanou (02 292 0807)

university ranking, autonomy and financing Bearing in mind the new possibilities Spokesperson: Dennis Abbott (02 295 9258) “also need to be taken into consideration”, that the Lisbon treaty provides, Vassiliou members: Zenon Severis (02 298 8704),

when looking at improving on current stan- believes “we need to build on those areas Catherine Sustek (02 295 5816), Fabrice dards, she said. where we can make a difference in peoples’ Comptour (02 295 5105), George Michael Trade also appeared on her policy team lives... For instance in the areas of sport, Zissimos (02 295 1690), Jonathan Hill sheet. “I think we should be innovative in but also the current context imposed by how we promote cultural diversity, and I the crisis, where education and training“ are believe that trade agreements are a good way View from parliament of promoting respect for cultural diversity,” “The view of this committee is that Vassiliou’s she said. We should make sure that answers were constructive and helpful. However, they were general rather than specific in nature, However, as commissioner her princi- every EU programme we and outlined few detailed commitments. pal concern will be to ensure that citizens apply has a direct impact She promised to press for more adequate flourish in an inclusive, competitive and funding through the next multi-annual financial sustainable Union grounded in knowledge, on citizens’ lives framework for Union programmes and activities energised by creativity and innovation, and in the areas for which she is responsible. drawing strength from its diversity, says the “ The overall conclusion… reflecting the view Cypriot. vital”. The returning commissioner added, of a large majority of members… is that the Vassiliou believes that her experience “We should make sure that every EU pro- commissioner-designate gave a convincing allows her to launch directly into the sub- gramme we apply has a direct impact on impression of her aptitude to be a member of stantial part of the work of her new portfolio, citizens’ lives.” the college of commissioners and to carry out as she has had the opportunity to follow the In the race to the finish line Vassiliou the specific tasks assigned to her.” commission’s work in recent years, but also delivered a gold-medal performance to Doris Pack chair of parliament’s education and the full historical context that has led to the MEPs. Did Vassiliou and her team think it culture committee new institutional framework. was all over? It is now.

60 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 The ROSE Project- Working to Reduce Occupational Stress and Burnout

ROSE aims to: Develop an online multi-model (environmental and individual) stress management intervention in order to improve well being of staff in these services.

Provide an accessible and user friendly online stress management programme, available to services and individuals 24 hours a day, seven days a week

Consultation ROSE consulted widely with sector managers and support workers to ascertain the nature of stress in the sector. ROSE also sought workers’ and managers’ views as to what they felt would help them to cope with such stress.

Findings to date Results indicate a lack of uniformity in organisational approaches, staff education and support relating to workplace stress. Those working in the sector see a need for effective individual and organisational support in the management of stress, with a need to address work-related stress in an ongoing way.

Prospects for the future The ROSE project is significant at this time considering the current thrust of EU policy initiatives on mental health, workplace stress and employee well-being. The project will provide data and information to support European Commission initiatives’ on social inclusion, workplace Leonardo Da Vinci funded project - The Reducing support, policy harmonisation and mental health reflective of the Occupational Stress in Employment Project (ROSE) - led by priorities of the ‘European Pact on Mental Health and Well-being’. A Waterford Institute of Technology (Ireland) aims to reduce stress amongst managers and support staff working in the mental Current work health and intellectual disability occupational support sector across The online stress management package is currently being piloted the EU. Working in this area can be challenging for staff yet, there is and the full package is due to be launched in May 2010. Further very little accessible support in this sector. information on the ROSE project can be found at: www.roseproject.eu

For further information on the ROSE project contact:

Dr. John Wells Project Coordinator Department of Nursing School of Health Sciences Waterford Institute of Technology Cork Road Campus, Waterford , Ireland

00353 (0)51 845542 [email protected] IDA, Halbaffe (Darwinius masillae) Quelle: PLoS ONE Creative Commons Attribute License · © 2010 Welterbe Grube Messel gGmbH · D-64409 Messel. Roßdörferstr. 108 · 0049 (0) 6159 71 75 09 und Stadtentwicklung für Verkehr, Bau Bundesministerium New visitor center in 2010 www.grube-messel.de – in Germany theof heart Close to Frankfurt Close WorldHeritage Commission guide guide Commission

challenging five years lie ahead A taxing task of Algirdas Šemeta. The new- anti-fraud union,and customs Taxationaudit and ly-appointed commissioner for taxation, customs, auditing and anti-fraud takes office with Algirdas Šemeta takes on the taxation portfolio but, enlargement on the horizon. AHis task, in an ever-expanding portfolio, with his remit poised to become more complicated, is to try to simplify and harmonise financial he says there is a way to keep things simple regulation. The EU is likely to welcome at least one new member, Croatia, in the next few years, and with significant growth expected in renewable energy and environmental matters, Šemeta will have to cast his supervisory eye over a wide range of activities. Addressing parliament’s budgetary control committee in his hearing as commissioner-designate, he acknowledged the perhaps slightly less glamorous nature of his work in comparison with other DGs, while high- lighting its relevance to European citizens. “Tax and customs policy are not merely a set of fiscal measures,” he told MEPs. “They are a lever enabling us to carry out many processes that our society needs. Europe finds itself at a turning point today. We’re just coming out of a freefall. However, the situation is still fragile… Every decision we take on taxation affects every family, one way or another.” With the increasingly broad and cross- cutting framework of the customs union, he moved to address concerns that the opportunities for fraud will multiply. He praised the work of Olaf, the European anti-fraud office, saying, “I have no doubt that [it] has a very important role to play… During its first decade, it has gained a lot of experience and built up a solid reputation.” He added, “There can be no excuse; no argument can justify any misuse or abuse of European money. Anti-fraud will be at the top of our agenda. We must not relent in our efforts to ensure that every euro is accounted for.” Discussing the transparency initiative, he told deputies he puts “a great value” on its further development. In answering written questions from MEPs, Šemeta stated that his

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 63 Commission guide guide Commission Taxation and customs union, audit and anti-fraud union,and customs Taxationaudit and FACTFILE Mandate The commissioner’s overall responsibility is to promote a pro-employment and pro-growth tax framework across the EU. The directorate manages and develops the EU’s customs union, carries out internal audits, and fights tax fraud and evasion, at both EU and international level. In the context of a wide-ranging review for the 2020 strategy, it has, among other objectives, the goals of: identifying and tackling tax obstacles for citizens and business; reducing the administrative burden; improving the effectiveness of the VAT system; exploiting the potential of eCustoms, and preparing the establishment of Olaf as a fully independent service, outside the commission.

portfolio “is also about building confidence Transferring to the taxation portfolio Cabinet in the way taxpayers’ money is collected from six months as commissioner for finan-

and spent”. “The reinforcement of the fight cial programming and budget, he is looking Head: Stephen Quest (02 296 5897) Deputy head: Baudouin Baudru (02 295 1824) against tax and customs fraud and evasion, to draw on his background in statistics and Adviser: Valère Moutarlier (02 296 2162) within the EU and at international level, national and EU governance in his new Spokesperson: Emer Traynor (02 292 1548)

will be at the centre of my policy,” he said. position. “[I have] the ability to see the Among Šemeta’s other priorities are the broader picture, evaluating the intercon- Members: Maria Elena Scoppio (02 295 4129), internal market – “indisputably one of the nections between different economic and Elisabeth Kotthaus (02 296 7738), Kestutis Sadauskas (02 295 1862) greatest achievements of European integra“ - financial questions,” he said. tion” – and the preparation of a strategic Šemeta, who wants to achieve a posi- framework for customs for the period until tive statement of assurance from the court View from parliament of auditors, demonstrated his willingness “The hearing confirmed the committee’s doubts to work with parliament, and suggested Every decision we take on about the wisdom of combining audit and anti- strengthening the role of annual EU budget fraud with responsibilities for taxation, which might taxation affects every family, summaries as a policy tool. “I believe that have merited a separate portfolio… The committee the key to achieving success is a concerted expresses the wish that Mr Šemeta present to one way or another effort from all the institutions. I believe that CONT a written outline of his plans, intiatives and trust is an essential prerequisite to fruitful priorities for the coming years together with a cooperation,” he said. timetable for the implementation. IMCO members “2020, including far-reaching reform and the Indeed, for all his goals, such coop- particularly welcomed his promise of close and development of eCustoms. He also wants eration is crucial. “It is the only true way open cooperation with parliament. Although to see the modernisation of energy taxation towards strengthening accountability, effi- in the first place [ECON members] considered that [his written answers] lacked detail… the policy. “Green issues must be enshrined in ciency, legitimacy and good governance of subsequent exchange… allowed [the members] to our tax philosophy,” he said. the EU decision-making process,” he said. supplement this first impression with clarifications Šemeta, who graduated from university Šemeta takes on an incredibly complex and commitments. The overall outcome is that the jointly qualified as an economist and math- portfolio that affects every aspect of the committees represented at the hearing believe ematician, has spent the last two decades EU’s work. He has his work cut out if he that they can work constructively with Mr Šemeta.” helping to set up the financial institutions is to live up to his promise of clearing a Luigi de Magistris chair of parliament’s budgetary of state of the re-established republic of path through the minefield of European control committee Lithuania. tax legislation.

64 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 What is vleva? What can we mean to you? The Liaison Agency Flanders – Europe npo Vleva regularly organizes seminars for the (vleva, for short) is a public – private partner- Flemish civil society, the Flemish government, ship between the Flemish government and the politicians and EU-officials, about EU-topics, Flemish civil society. The best way to visualize where information is exchanged top-down as vleva is as an intelligence highway between well as bottom-up. If you are interested e.g. in Flanders and Europe: the approach roads bring knowing the needs of the Flemish civil society, in knowledge, insights and contacts which are you can attend these seminars. Check our web- distributed via the various exits among Flemish site www.vleva.eu for the calendar. authorities, civil society and its target groups. We also organize different events (e.g. exchange of best practices) with other regions. Contact us if you are interested in co-organizing an event or seminar. Auditorium and meeting rooms available Vleva is located at the heart of the European quarter and is easy accessible by public transport (close to Schuman station). It is therefore the ideal location for your meeting or seminar. We have an auditorium, a large and a small conference room to hire. Auditorium hall with an area of +/- 300 m², two projection screens and micro- Auditorium phones Half day: € 750 Full day: € 1.000 Large conference room meeting room for 16 persons and with a projection screen Half day: € 180 Full day: € 250 Small conference room meeting room for 8 persons Half day: € 100 Full day: € 150 Large conference room

Contact us for reservations or more information. WWW.VLEVA.EU/ENGLISH Contact vleva Liaison Agency Flanders – Europe npo Kortenberglaan 71 1000 Brussel [email protected] www.vleva.eu T +32 (0)2 737 14 30 F +32 (0)2 737 14 49 For accurate, real-time, tailored political information Dods EU Monitoring specialises in delivering real-time and tailored monitoring to the political and decision making community. Our team of policy specialists services a wide range of multinational corporations, trade associations and interest groups in Brussels and beyond. “We are really satis ed with the Dods service we receive, and also get positive comments from our Board members.” International Diabetes Foundation

For a free trial call +32(0) 2285 0947 www.dods.eu/monitoring Commission guide guide Commission

arel De Gucht takes over the Trading up trade portfolio at a crucial Trade time for Europe’s commercial relations. With the launch of the 2020 strategy and an ever- Trade commissioner Karel De Gucht plans increasing number of global goodsK and money transfers, the man who to use his new dossier as a tool to generate is the EU’s new voice in international prosperity, stability and development trade negotiations has a quiet determination about him. Addressing parliament at his confirmation hearing, he used his opening statement to highlight the importance of trade to the EU, the priorities he has for his term in office, and the experience and skills he brings to the position. Trade “has always been a powerful engine for growth and opportunity in Europe and elsewhere”, De Gucht told MEPs. “Even today, it is helping to pull us out of the difficult economic situation.” He named five priorities for EU policy in the next five years: the development of the multilateral trading system, a deepening of regional and bilateral trade and investment, increased economic cooperation with, notably, the US and China, a successful conclusion to economic partnership agreements, and a commitment to give European business every opportunity to expand under fair and free conditions. The Belgian, who moves to his new office after six months as development commissioner, has other ideas as well. He sees an important overlap between his former and current roles, and hopes to be able to work to the benefit of both policy areas. Using his hearing to reiter- ate views outlined in written responses to questions from MEPs, he stated that free and open trade should not just be an objective in itself, but “put at the service” of the EU’s broader policy goals. “Free trade must be a tool to generate prosperity, stability and development,” he said. “When supported by the right rules and institutions, free trade delivers win-win outcomes… it is [capable of being] a potent lever promoting European values

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 67 Commission guide guide Commission Trade

FACTFILE Mandate The commissioner for trade is responsible for all aspects of the EU’s regional, global and bilateral trade agreements. Working broadly towards the goal of free, fair and open markets, specific issues for the next five years include the development of Economic partnership agreements with ACP countries, the deepening of ties with the US and China and the modernisation of EU trade defence agreements. All of these objectives are intended to be pursued with EU citizens in mind, allowing them greater access to fairly-produced goods at the best prices possible, as well as promoting the EU’s abroad, like sustainable development and “represents a full agenda”. Indeed, he will values abroad using all available policy means.

human rights.” need all his negotiating nous not just on De Gucht is responsible to parliaments De Gucht is well placed to be able to the international stage, but the European international trade, development, foreign affairs implement his objectives. He has served one as well. committees.

in several positions in Belgium’s national Acknowledging the inter-institutional government throughout a long career in arguments that can blight policy develop- Cabinet politics, including as foreign minister, ment, De Gucht has promised to work international trade minister and deputy with the parliament, now a co-legislator in Head: Marc Vanheukelen (02 299 8502) prime minister. De Gucht“ was also an trade as a result of the Lisbon treaty. He Deputy head: Frank Hoffmeister (02 299 3727) Spokesperson: John Clancy (02 295 3773) told MEPs, “I need your help to deliver [my goals]. In the months to come we will Members: Damien Levie (02 298 4402), Marjut When supported by the put in place the building blocks enabling Hannonen, Gwendolyn Rutten, Elena Peresso (02 right rules and institutions, parliament to exercise its new competen- 298 2532), Vincent Stuer (02 295 7098) cies to the full.” He added, “I will work free trade delivers win-win with you – here in your committees and View from parliament outcomes in the plenary – in full transparency. We may not always agree, but you will find my “Members thought that his professional “ door is always open and that I am ready to experience in trade matters… [and] his listen, learn and debate.” negotiating skills and competence had been demonstrated, and that he had displayed a MEP for 15 years, during the parliament’s De Gucht has a challenging task ahead commitment to master, as soon as possible, formative years as a directly-elected body. of him. With his clearly-defined objec- the complexities of this important dossier. A lawyer by training, he intends to draw tives, a willingness to embrace all actors Nevertheless, some members felt that in relation on the experience he has gained, “making in achieving them, and the confidence in to a number of issues, more commitment could alliances across political and ideological his ability to make EU trade policy more have been provided” boundaries”, at the negotiating table. De than just the sum of its parts, he could be Vital Moreira chair of parliament’s international Gucht has taken on an important role. He an influential figure in the next chapter of trade committee freely admits that his is a tough task, and the EU’s history.

68 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 The ENRIECO Project: Environmental Health Risks in European Birth Cohorts www.enrieco.org

he aim of the ENRIECO project is to ENRIECO is committed to disseminating the Project Coordinator advance our knowledge on the effect project results to a wide user community, Research Prof. M. J. Nieuwenhuijsen PhD Tthat specific environmental exposures ensure an active dialogue, and provide Center for Research in Environmental during pregnancy and early life may have opportunities for exchange of expertise and Epidemiology (CREAL) on the health of newborns and children. experience, and transfer of knowledge. Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona - Many epidemiological studies conducted PRBB (office 183.05) in Europe have addressed these issues The 2nd ENRIECO workshop will be C. Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 but the wealth of available information organized on 26-28 May 2010 at the Institute Barcelona, SPAIN has only been partially exploited. The for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht Tel.: (+34) 93 316 0646, combination of existing data in Europe Universiteit, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Fax: (++34) 93 316 05 75 will help identify causal links between E-mail: [email protected] environmental exposures and health and ENRIECO General Information provide recommendations for effective Dissemination Coordinator policy decisions. A project conducted within the European M. Vassilaki, MD, MPH, PhD Union’s 7th Framework Programme Department of Social Medicine, Medical ENRIECO has created an inventory of all [Theme 6, Environment (Including Climate School, University of Crete existing birth cohorts (cohort: a study that Change)] P.O. Box 2208, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece follows-up prospectively a population, in Grant agreement no: 226285, Tel.: +30 2810 394594, this case mother-child cohorts) in Europe Start date: 01/03/2009, Fax: +30 2810 394606 with data on environmental exposures (link Duration in months: 24 E-mail: [email protected] in www.birthcohorts.net.) Working groups evaluate research in specific exposure areas such as air and water pollutants, heavy metals, pesticides, radiations, persistent organic pollutants, environmental tobacco smoke, occupation of the mother, chemicals of emerging concern such as phthalates, PFOS and other, and in specific outcome areas such as reproductive outcomes (e.g. low-birth weight, preterm babies), asthma and allergies, neurodevelopment, cancer, growth and obesity. Case studies examine areas in which pooling of data across cohorts may be feasible for example exposure during pregnancy to PCBs, a widespread persistent contaminant, and low birth weight. The project will make recommendations for data collection in the future to improve environment-health linkages and information.

The ENRIECO project brings together over 30 cohorts and information on around 250,000 Enrieco: Countries with Participating Cohorts children from across Europe. +LHY4,7 7SLHZL]PZP[[HSRPUNHSJVOVSJVT6\YT\S[PSPUN\HS ^LIZP[LPZWHY[VMV\YJVTTP[TLU[[V[OL,< (SJVOVSHUK/LHS[O-VY\T>LHYLJVTTP[[LK[V [OLZ\JJLZZVM[OL-VY\THUK[V^VYRPUN[VNL[OLY ,UJV\YHNPUNWLVWSL[VTHRL [VKPZJV\YHNLPYYLZWVUZPISLKYPURPUN PUMVYTLKJOVPJLZHIV\[HSJVOVS

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$GYHUWLVHPHQWB3DUOLDPHQWB0DJB$:LQGG Commission guide guide Commission

Healthy appetite policy consumer and Health

John Dalli plans to put Europe’s citizens at the heart of aware of since his nomination, adding that health and consumer policy for the next five years “ he hoped to bring his “consensus building experience and operational expertise” to the various dossiers under his wing. ohn Dalli got straight to the point His vision, he said, was of citizens having when he outlined his priorities as The underlying theme of my “longer, healthier lives” by living healthier commissioner for health and con- lifestyles while enjoying safe, nutritious and sumer policy. “The underlying theme work will be patients first, high quality food and having access to high of my work will be patients first, con- consumers first quality medical advice and care. On cham- sumers first,” he said. “The former pioning consumer rights, he said his vision JMaltese social policy minister’s vast experi- was of “well-informed consumers who can ence in domestic politics – more than three “and consumer protection and agriculture and take educated decisions on the goods and quarters of his time as an MP has been spent rural development committees. Dalli said in services they consume”. Innovation will also as a cabinet minister – served him well when his opening address to deputies, “We will be be an underlying priority for the Maltese he outlined to MEPs his plans to take the touching on various topics and issues… and commissioner, who said, “Whether we health and consumer portfolio forward. exchanging many views. However this is all speak of seeds and plant protection, human In a three-hour committee hearing, par- encapsulated in one theme, the people.” and animal health and food technology, liament’s environment, public health and Dalli promised that he would be “indepen- health diagnostics and pharmaceuticals, we food safety committee took the lead, with dent and objective” in his initial assessment of are speaking about the ability of innovation additional input from the internal market the “myriad of issues” that he had been made

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 71 Commission guide guide Commission

to serve our consumers and our citizens.” According to Dalli, the key health chal-

Health and consumer policy consumer and Health lenges over the next five years are those related to the sustainability and accessibility of health services. “Shrinking national budgets coupled with increased demands by citizens for better services bring to the fore the issue of the sustainability of our health systems,” he told MEPs at the start of the question and answer session. To secure sustainability, he warned that Europe has to focus more on prevention. “Alarmingly, 97 per cent of health spending across Europe goes

on treatment, compared to only three per cent on prevention,” he said. Dalli added that he would seek support from the parliament on

“redressing this imbalance”. Sustainable health outcomes will also continue to drive EU action on diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer’s and those affect- “ ing the elderly and young people. Further

I would not tell consumers what to eat, but I want to tell “them what they are eating action on the so-called determinants of heath and disease prevention, such as smoking, alcohol abuse, drugs and obesity, will also be “vigorously” pursued, he promised. To heavy applause he told deputies that key to his vision was the access for all EU citizens, “irrespective of nationality and socioeconomic status”, to good and timely treatment and affordable medicines. “There is no reason why poor people should suffer from poor heath,” he said. Responding to a question from German centre-right deputy Peter Liese on information to patients, Dalli said that now that pharmaceutical policy comes under his remit he will reassess the current information to patients proposals within the ongoing pharma package to inject a more patient focused perspective into the debate. He also suggested that the information to

72 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 “The Union’s aim is to promote peace, its values and the

well-being of its people.”

(Title 1 Article 3 Lisbon Treaty 2009)

“Health is a state of complete mental, physical and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”

(WHO definition of health since 1948)

Spot the difference? Neither do we. The EU has a major role in promoting health and well-being for all. Whether the economy or the environment, internal market or innovation, EU policies can have a profound influence in shaping health.

Your work on EU policies can help achieve better health and well-being for all. To find out more, visit

www.equitychannel.net

THE EXGENESIS PROJECT WHY EXERCISE IS GOOD FOR YOU

ccording to current estimates, 55 million (AMPK). AMPK was shown to be responsible people across the greater European for many of the metabolic changes during a Aregion (6.2%) have diabetes and, if single bout of exercise (e.g. increased glucose present trends continue, this will rise to 66 uptake), as well as some of the longer-term million (7.4%) by 2030. Most of this is type 2 adaptations that occur in response to repeated diabetes, and one factor in its inexorable rise exercise (such as increased expression is the increasing levels of obesity (in an obese of mitochondria, the organelles that “burn” person the risk of developing type 2 diabetes glucose and fats). Other studies established is 20-fold higher than in a lean individual). The the mechanism by which AMPK is activated by current cost of treating diabetes in Europe is AMP, the molecule that signals energy shortage estimated at €76 billion annually, and this is during muscle contraction. The current first expected to rise to €90 billion by 2030. choice drug treatment for type 2 diabetes is metformin, which has been available for 50 Prof. Grahame Hardie Is there anything that can be done about this years and is now prescribed to 120 million University of Dundee, epidemic? The partners in the EXGENESIS diabetics worldwide. However, it has only Scotland project, a 5 year Integrated Project in recently been realized that it acts by switching Framework Programme 6 of the European on AMPK. We showed that metformin does Commission that has just been completed, this in an indirect manner, and a new drug that believe that the problem is caused by increasing more directly activated AMPK should avoid its adoption of an urban lifestyle, characterized side effects. A partial structure of AMPK in the by lack of physical activity and “fast foods”, presence of AMP (see Figure) should greatly with these harmful environmental influences assist in drug design. interacting with underlying genetic factors. The consortium had 26 partners spread across 13 One partner has been identifying “myokines”, EU member states, and was co-ordinated by molecules released by muscle during exercise Professor Grahame Hardie of the University of that modulate metabolism in other organs. The Dundee, Scotland.

The project had three main aims: Molecular model of AMPK: two molecules of AMP are bound in the central cleft (courtesy of Dave Carling and Steve Gamblin)  to discover the mechanisms underlying the A fervent health benefits of exercise hope of the consortium  to identify signalling pathways that cause “ metabolic changes during exercise is that their results will  to identify genetic and environmental factors encourage that increase the risk of developing diabetes, especially during periods of physical governments inactivity to adopt policies that OUTCOMES: The consortium identified some key signalling promote pathways that mediate the effects of exercise, exercise” including the AMP-activated protein kinase Examples of our studies with human volunteers THE EXGENESIS PROJECT WHY EXERCISE IS GOOD FOR YOU Escalator to Heaven?

developing type 2 diabetes. It could be argued that exercise interventions should be particularly A representa- targeted at these at-risk individuals. tion of mouse chromosome A fervent hope of the consortium is that their 15, showing results will encourage individuals to take more the location exercise, and governments to adopt policies of two of the that promote exercise. Grahame Hardie puts AMPK genes it this way: “the first evidence for the link between smoking and cancer was published health benefits of exercise may therefore not in the 1950s, but it took 50 years for most just be confined to the muscle itself. In support governments to ban smoking in public. We of this, another partner investigated the use of hope that by providing a more rational basis supervised exercise sessions in middle-aged for the links between exercise and health, we people at risk of developing diabetes. This trial is will persuade governments not to wait that long continuing, but initial results suggest that regular before taking firm action on this issue.” exercise may have beneficial effects not only on metabolic profiles, but also on mental ability.

Insulin resistance, in which tissues become resistant to the hormone (causing reduced muscle glucose uptake and increased liver glucose production) can be regarded as a pre-diabetic state that can lead later to type 2 diabetes. Two studies examined the effects of physical inactivity on insulin resistance. In one, fit young volunteers reduced their activity level for 2 weeks from 10,000 steps per day (the recommended amount) to 1,500, by simply How not to walk the dog driving to work instead of cycling or walking, using lifts instead of stairs, and avoiding sporting activities. Even this modest reduction, to a level of physical activity typical of many FURTHER INFORMATION: modern city dwellers, caused recognizable insulin resistance. In another study, volunteers Project web-site: www.dundee.ac.uk/ were confined to bed for nine days and then lifesciences/exgenesis/ retrained afterwards. This provided valuable EURONEWS documentary on the project: information about whether individuals with www.euronews.net/2010/01/28/exercise-the- increased genetic or environmental risk of type way-to-a-healthier-european-society/ 2 diabetes responded differently to periods of physical inactivity, and how rapidly the effects Project co-ordinator: are reversed. [email protected] Facts and figures on diabetes: Finally, studies identified a number of novel www.idf.org and genetic variants that increase the risk of www.diabetesatlas.org

Commission guide guide Commission Health and consumer policy consumer and Health

patients proposals could be detached from for them,” he said. He added that he does consumer issues, which had been built up the package leaving the other two proposals, not want people taking decisions without over the past few years by his predecessor on counterfeiting and pharmacovigilance, which consulting their doctor. this competence, former consumer protection are relatively uncontroversial, to be separately On the need to maintain a balance between commissioner Meglena Kuneva. Consumer fast-streamed through the legislative proce- meeting the health needs of patients and issues “cut across the competencies” of the dure. Centre-right deputy Christofer Fjellner the economic benefits of the pharmaceuti- commissioners, said Dalli, adding that he wanted assurances that dividing the package cal industry, Dalli said that his ‘patients sees his primary role as bringing the con- would not “be an excuse to let the informa- first’ theme does not mean the exclusion of sumer dimension to the fore within college tion to patients part slip, letting it drag on a “very strong commitment to ensure that discussions. “We have to ensure that the for longer than necessary”. Dalli responded our pharma industry remains competitive”. single market properly serves the consumer saying, “This is not something which is going Patients’ interests are “dependent on a strong through better access to products and ser- to frighten me or to derail me on whatever I and profitable industry” and therefore support vices, both in availability and price,” he said. believe would need to be done for consumers.” for the pharma industry and patients’ interests “We must keep a critical eye on how well He said he doesn’t know what the outcome of “are not exclusive objectives”, he said. In fact markets serve consumers and on how the the reassessment will be, but when further I believe that the fact that it has been put structures may need to change in order to do pressed said he will look to ensure that into my portfolio gives us the opportunity to this better.” Dalli said he intended to continue there may be a “harder demarcation” between develop greater synergy between these two the process of making regular enforcement information and advertising. “We don’t want positions,” he added. sweeps to strengthen consumer rights, and to run the risk that people... are coerced into On consumer policy, Dalli said he will may introduce an enhanced consumer score- purchasing products that might not be good endeavour to maintain the high profile of

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 77 The 2010-2014 barroso II commission PT José Manuel BARROSO President Vice-presidents

GB LU ES EE NL IT SK Catherine Ashton Viviane reding Joaquín Almunia Siim Kallas Neelie Kroes Antonio Tajani Maroš ŠefCoviC High representative of the union for Justice, fundamental rights Competition Transport Digital agenda Industry and Inter-institutional relations and foriegn affairs and security policy and citizenship entrepreneurship administration

Commissioners SI FI LV FR CY LT BE Janez PotoCnik Olli Rehn Andris Piebalgs Michel Barnier Androulla Vassiliou Algirdas Šemeta Karel De Gucht Environment Economic and monetary affairs Development Internal market and services Education, culture, multilingualism Taxation and customs union, audit Trade and youth and anti-fraud

ALL A G N

T R R

O Y F MT IE PL GR BG DE AT John Dalli Máire Janusz Maria Damanaki Kristalina Georgieva Günther Oettinger Johannes Hahn Health and consumer policy Geoghegan-Quinn Lewandowski Fisheries and maritime affairs International cooperation, Energy Regional policy humanitarian aid and crisis response Research and innovation Financial programming and budget

DK CZ HU SE RO Connie Hedegaard Štefan Füle László Andor Cecilia Malmström Dacian CioloS Climate action Enlargement and european Employment, social affairs and Home affairs Agriculture and rural development neighbourhood policy inclusion Commission guide guide Commission

FACTFILE

Health and consumer policy consumer and Health Mandate John Dalli’s key role will be to promote high standards of protection of human and animal health and the empowerment and safety of consumers. He will also be responsible for commission policy on pharmaceuticals and medical products. Ensuring the safety of the EU food chain and safeguarding the EU against animal disease. He will also be responsible for helping consumers exercise their cross-border rights. Dalli will also take the lead in the new Barroso college on the development of a consistent framework for genetically modified organisms.

Cabinet Head: Joanna Darmanin (02 298 8689) Deputy head: Nils Behrndt (02 295 3539) Spokesperson: Frederic Vincent (02 298 7166) Members: Rossella Delfino (02 299 6084), Edward Demicoli (02 298 1368), Harry Vassallo board system. He also confirmed that he will rights and mobility.” Dalli said he plans (02 296 0398), Paula Duarte Gaspar (02 295 3554), Harald Kandolf continue Kuneva’s work on collective address to move quickly to meet up with Spanish for consumers. health minister Trinidad Jiménez, “to chart German Socialist deputy Dagmar Roth- out a way in which an understanding can be View from parliament Behrendt raised the thorny question of reached”. “On balance, Mr Dalli made a positive and member state resistance to EU legislation During the debate on nutrition policy constructive impression and demonstrated firm on health policy, asking Dalli how he would and food labelling, Dalli won applause from convictions on certain issues, while evading clear deal with recalcitrant health ministers in the left-leaning deputies when he said, “I would answers on others. He showed a pragmatic and council. “I will be strong,” said Dalli, adding not tell consumers what to eat, but I want to open approach. He demonstrated a very good that if members looked into his past they tell them what they are eating.” He reiterated knowledge of the main issues regarding public would see the way he had operated in his his aim to empower consumers, saying, “I do health and a reasonable grasp of all other issues. own country. “In fact sometimes I was criti- not believe in telling people what is good The committees concerned expect that the cised for being too strong, especially when I for them and what is bad for them. I want promises to reassess pending legislative proposals will also be followed by the submission of new was pushing through reforms,” he said. “But people to decide themselves. But we must legislation. this is the reality, and once we set out to do inform them of the contents of what they something worthwhile – and I will not be are eating.” “As regards consumer policy, members agreed doing anything that is not worthwhile… I At the end of his hearing, environment with the objectives expressed by the nominee will put all my energy behind it.” On patients’ committee chair Jo Leinen said it was evident and made a positive assessment of Mr Dalli’s rights and cross-border healthcare, currently from Dalli’s replies that he had more than answers, considering that he had demonstrated a good understanding of these issues. Some languishing with the council, Dalli said he 20 years of political experience and jokingly members, however, felt that his statements might agreed with MEPs that action was urgently remarked that anyone that could get regular have been more specific. We look forward to him needed to take the dossier forward. “My pre- applause from German Socialist deputy demonstrating, by his deeds over the next five decessor [Androulla Vassiliou] made a lot of Dagmar Roth-Behrendt must be doing well. years, that the reservations expressed by some effort to make sure that this European project Leinen’s comments were a fair refection of were groundless.” comes through. I will likewise do my best to Dalli’s performance which, despite being a Jo Leinen chair of parliament’s environment ensure that an understanding will be reached bit thin on concrete proposals, certainly for public health and food safety committee so we have an effective policy on patients’ MEPs, pressed all the right buttons.

80 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 Biodynamic Agriculture, Waldorf Education, Anthroposophic Medicine – a Model for the Future Health of Europe

“Creating value by basing growth on nourishing system. Demeter® products knowledge”, “Empowering people in inclusive grown in biodynamic agriculture provide societies” and “Creating a competitive, high nutritional value, a wealth of natural connected and greener economy” are issues vitamins, trace elements and health- on which the EU Commission’s strategic protective factors – thus helping to develop planning for Europe in 2020 primarily a healthy immune system, maintain health focuses. and redress imbalances in the body. (www.demeter.net) Eurythmy therapy Areas of anthroposophic work – such as education in Waldorf schools, These various areas of anthroposophic work, – essential in anthroposophic medicine with its preventive along with care of people with learning approach and biodynamic agriculture using disabilities, social therapy and others, are the anthroposophic natural resources for high-value nutritional main issues highlighted by ELIANT, an NGO medicine produce – fall entirely within this remit. which so far has received support from over 900,000 citizens within the European Union Education in Waldorf schools focuses not (www.eliant.eu). only on the achievement of intellectual skills but also on the development of spiritual, The European Union is founded on a psychological and emotional competences, tradition of human dignity, of individual thus creating a basis for creativity, a high development and freedom of choice in a level of flexibility and the capacity to cope in pluralist society. These are also core values a changing world. for the areas of anthroposophic work (www.steinerwaldorfeurope.org). described here, which draw on the legacy of European thinkers. Thus their principles are Anthroposophic medicine as integrative, firmly rooted in this European tradition. science-based medical system, practiced by qualified physicians, helps to facilitate a high Dr Peter Zimmermann, President IVAA Always in balance level of patient empowerment, encouraging active involvement in the process of healing. It also supports education for a healthier lifestyle, thus preventing many diseases. In addition to, or sometimes as an alternative to conventional medicine, anthroposophic medicine uses anthroposophic medicinal products and a wide range of therapies, including art therapies and eurythmy therapy with the aim to enhance the Contact: patient’s equilibrium at all levels. (www.ivaa.info). IVAA, International Federation of Anthroposophic Medical Associations Biodynamic agriculture is recognized Rue du Trône 194 Demeter® products as one of the most sustainable ecological B-1050 Bruxelles provide health farming systems by emphasizing the Phone: +32 2 644 00 20 holistic development and interrelationship E-mail: [email protected] protective factors of the soil, plants and animals as a self-

Commission guide guide Commission

ducation, dedication, innovation. Scientific inquiry New research commissioner science Research,and innovation Máire Geoghegan-Quinn puts her heart and soul into stressing her ideals, past, present and Innovation must be at the core of Europe’s politics, says future. E“My political career has been intertwined Máire Geoghegan-Quinn, as she seeks to transform and with Ireland working at the heart of Europe, improve on the EU’s research structures and successes and of Europe transforming the hearts and minds of Irish people,” she told parliament during her confirmation hearing. “The EU must become a true innovation union,” said Geoghegan-Quinn. “My task will [now] be to put research, innovation and science at the heart of EU policies.” Completing the European research area, (which she called “a glorious opportunity” to coordinate research in Europe), addressing major challenges such as climate change, energy efficiency and ageing, and creating an innovation research culture were the three priorities she proposed for her term of office. The revamped dossier for EU science policy means she will have “the overarching role for cross-cutting, for putting innovation policy in place” in areas such as the digital economy, enterprise or employment, she explained. She was also looking forward to the challenge of negotiating the research budget in the next financial perspective. As a former member of the European Court of Auditors she told the hearing, “We cannot compromise sound financial management but we can simplify.” She added, “If we have fewer rules, we have fewer errors.” In fact, her goals include not just careful cash decisions but also making things easier for struggling businesses, she says. With this in mind, the former teacher believes patents should be easier to acquire, as the “issue is a very serious obstacle”. Again on the issue of aiding industry, the Irish commissioner said that another of her key goals was turning science into salaries. “If we want to take Europe out of the economic crisis in which it is at the moment,

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 83 Commission guide guide Commission

FACTFILE Mandate Research, innovation and science Research,and innovation The main priority for the research dossier is to build the European research area which includes strengthening intra-EU cooperation, pooling human and financial resources across the EU and promoting the free movement of knowledge, ideas and researchers as well as providing attractive conditions and effective governance for carrying out research in Europe. As well as taking a cross-cutting approach to innovation, coordination of EU and national research activities is a key issue. The commissioner also works towards specialisation based on recognised strengths and excellence to exploit the advantages of scale offered by the EU. One of the main tasks for the next mandate will be to increase the efficiency of EU support to scientific research by rationalising and simplifying the existing financing mechanisms and adapting the current institutional and regulatory framework. The primary committee on this dossier is industry, research and energy with some input from the committee on culture and education.

Cabinet Head: John Bell

than we have to innovate,” she explained, technology of choice in many member Deputy head: Ana Arana Antelo “taking the research and transferring it into states.” She continued, “Research should Spokesperson: Mark English (02 296 2410) jobs at the end of the day.” be maintained and developed as an option Members: Waldemar Kütt, David Harmon, Shane

Furthermore, policies must be put in place for those member states that wish to Sutherland, Patricia Reilly, Marion Dewar, Davinia that will ensure that there will be a greater pursue it.” Wood level of participation by small and medium Looking ahead, Geoghegan-Quinn says sized enterprises in research funding pro- she is “fully committed to engaging with grammes in the future, she says. “ the parliament” in the comprehensive mid View from parliament term review of the most recent EU research “The nominee’s understanding of the issues framework programme (FP7) beginning and problems raised during the questions were this year. highly appreciated. The clear manifestation of If we want to take Europe her political will to tackle important barriers She says we must “analyse closely how out of the economic crisis in (for example, red tape, participation of SMEs we can put in place more simplified proce- and small countries, gender balanced research which it is at the moment, dures” and ensure “any changes that may be policy, freedom of movement of researchers and brought about in the context of this review intellectual property rights) was positively received. than we have to innovate process must be based around the following Equally appreciated was her dynamic appearance, guiding principles: predictability, consis- her clear willingness to work closely with the ITRE “ committee and her approach as a robust, but tency, accessibility and accountability”. collegial politician. Some concerns were raised On the other pressing concern of If you are a research fan then surely on the availability of appropriate instruments to Europe’s energy future she told the assem- worth watching in the coming months will implement her horizontal responsibility.” bly, “Nuclear energy is no silver bullet that be the European commission policy paper Herbert Reul chairman of parliament’s industry, is going to resolve the climate change and on innovation, laying out ideas for deliver- research and energy committee energy problem… but [it] remains the ing the EU 2020 strategy.

84 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 18th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition From Research to Industry and Markets Lyon Convention Centre - Cité Internationale - France Conference 3-7 May 2010 ● Exhibition 3-6 May 2010 Where Biomass Science Meets Industrial Application

ParliamentMagazine_adv_180x120mm.indd 1 18/01/2010 15.26.34 The Revolution of Knowledge in Healthcare

edical innovations made in the past thirty management of their diseases will dramatically “The right knowledge Myears have substantially improved the lives enhance medical outcomes, and lower the cost of all Europeans, and there is every reason to burden on healthcare systems by avoiding the in healthcare will help believe that the next thirty years will see even emergence of complications. the EU in addressing more breathtaking advances in the prevention major challenges in and treatment of diseases. To fulfil this vision, we are committed to creating objective sources of information on the coming years” Not only do In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) products testing for the benefit of European citizens, says Christine Tarrajat facilitate earlier and more effective intervention, which provide accurate, reliable and easy- but they can also contribute to preventing to-understand information about the IVD unnecessary treatments and reduce the spread tests used in disease diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Today, nearly 70% of (www.LabTestsOnline.info). all clinical health decisions are influenced by diagnostic results, and yet, on average, spending Furthermore, innovative IVD technologies on IVDs represents less than 1% of the European will increase the sophistication of medical healthcare budget. treatment by bridging the gap between diagnosis and intervention, i.e. not only Looking ahead, new generations of diagnostic matching an accurate diagnosis with the tests establishing disease susceptibility on a correct treatment, but also predicting which patient-by-patient basis should become a domi- drug and dosage will work best for each nant trend of future healthcare technologies, individual patient. thereby providing doctors with an even more accurate knowledge, together with a greater As the industry association representing major patient participation in medical treatment. This companies engaged in the research, development, fundamental breakthrough marks the revolution manufacturing and distribution of IVD products in of “knowledge in healthcare”. Europe, EDMA (www.edma-ivd.be) prides itself on its proven and long-standing commitment Christine Tarrajat is Director Providing the right knowledge to patients so to promoting the value of laboratory testing General at the European Diagnostic that they can take responsibility for the daily in healthcare. Manufacturers Association (EDMA)

EDMA European Diagnostic Manufacturers Association Place des Maïeurs 2 B-1150 Brussels www.edma-ivd.be Commission guide guide Commission

iscussion on taxes shouldn’t Counting coppers be taxing, says new EU budget and programming Financial budgets commissioner Janusz Lewandowski. More specifi- cally, the Polish commissioner Janusz Lewandowski will be counting believes the idea of a universal DEuropean levy to bolster the Union’s funds the cost of budget reform as the man is ill-advised. “Europe is not ready for a charged with managing the EU’s money European tax; it could prove detrimental for our links with the citizens,” he said. “We should respect the need for unanimity in the council when it comes to decisions on own resources,” the Polish commissioner told parliament at his confirmation hearing last month. “If we introduce this, it has to be in line with simplicity, fiscal neutrality and the cost of collecting. There are different ways of taxing with an aim of increasing resourses.” Lewandowski was well received by MEPs, due to his economical attitude to both words and public spending. As a former chairman of parliament’s budgets committee, who helped shape the current spending framework, you would expect that to be the case. A key area of interest was the upcoming review of the “financial perspective” – the EU’s multi-annual budget, currently covering the years 2007-2013, also known as the MFF. Does the seasoned economist back parliament’s suggestion that this period be prolonged to 2015 or 2016, thereby matching it with the EU institutions? Perhaps. “A prolongation of the current financial perspective is one of many possible solutions to match the financial perspectives with the mandate of the parliament. But it is not the only one,” he said. In fact, the structure of the MFF will soon be on his agenda as the commission exam- ines the functioning of the inter-institutional agreement, which sets out the grounds for cooperation between parliament, council and the commission on budgetary matters. Furthermore, in his written answers justifying his nomination, Lewandowski said he believes the outcome of the Copenhagen negotiations might require specific adjustment to the current MFF in order to enable

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 87 Commission guide guide Commission Financial programming and budget and programming Financial

FACTFILE Mandate This portfolio covers the management of the EU budget and the post holder is called upon to help demonstrate the value added in supporting the delivery of the commission’s policy objectives. The portfolio also covers ensuring sound day-to-day management of the EU’s finances in liaison with the EU’s prompt, adequate and coordinat- “One lesson of the past is that the earlier other institutional budgetary authorities. Finally, ed action within the current programming we agree on a policy priority, the easier it is the commissioner is responsible for developing period. to equip it with financial means,” he said. innovative concepts and ideas for reviewing the

In terms of when this should happen, Once again echoing the green theme (he also financial framework, and negotiating a new deal Lewandowski reiterated José Manuel pushed for more spending on green growth) on the framework with the other institutions. This Barroso’s view that it should come after the he explained, “We need a key orientation for post is accountable to both parliament’s budget presentation of EU’s new 2020 strategy – the coming financial perspectives… Maybe and budgetary control committees.

intended to help the EU recover from the it could be the environment or climate crisis and speed its transition towards a smart change.” Cabinet and green economy – scheduled for June. Another juicy titbit from his grilling “ saw him pushed on whether he would Spokesperson: Patrizio Fiorilli (02 299 9780) consider “naming and shaming” member Further cabinet members to be appointed We need a key orientation states which breach EU spending rules. for the coming financial “This is very unpopular in the council. I perspectives… Maybe it am in between council and parliament on View from parliament this,” he replied. The former Polish minister “Given his political and professional background could be the environment says his key plans will be to ensure a smooth as a member of the Polish government and as or climate change adoption of the 2011 budget in accordance a long-standing member of national parliament “ with the rules set out by the new institutional and the European parliament, and in particular, framework deriving from the Lisbon treaty, his experience in the field of his future portfolio, Mr Lewandowski is well-qualified to exercise the Back to the finer points of his parlia- and facilitate an inter-institutional consensus functions for which he is proposed. This was also mentary hearing, and the Pole says the EU on the smooth adoption of the next financial demonstrated by his replies during the hearing. package. needs a “key orientation” or leitmotiv for the Members of the two committees also welcome coming budget period, noting that earlier Janusz Lewandowski is married with one his commitment to work independently in the ones had focused on the single market, mon- child and served as an MEP (2004-2009) as European interest. Mr Lewandowski’s integrity does etary union, EU enlargement and the Lisbon well as a Polish member of parliament, and not give rise to doubts.” strategy. Lewandowski also told parliament later a minister. Other achievements of note Alain Lamassoure chair of parliament’s budgetary that the EU’s key budget control problems include his leading role in setting up the control committee are in cohesion and external policy. Warsaw stock exchange.

88 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 OLSZTYN IS BLOOMING THANKS TO THE EU FUNDS

Wastewater Treatment Plant “Łyna” in Olsztyn (2 phases OLSZTYN is the capital city of Warmia and Mazury Region project: I phase-ISPA funds, II phase- ISPA/Cohesion; total with a population of nearly 180 000 inhabitants. amount €69m, EU funding €38m)

Visualization of Sport and Recreation Water Center (Regional Operational Programme Warmia and Mazury 2007-2013; total amount €18,3m, EU funding € 2,4m)

I Phase - modernization of the mechanical- biological wastewater treatment plant "Lyna" (23 items were modernized e.g. 3 biological reactors, 2 primary sedimentation tanks and 29 new structures were completed including biological reactors, de-phosphation and de-nitrification chambers); realized 2002 - 2004; The project has started in 2009 and is going to be finished in 2011. In the planned investment there II Phase - realized 2004 - 2010, including will be a 50 metre Olympic swimming pool, 25 metre swimming pool, an aqua park, a recreation part construction of the sludge drying plant and and a scene for 1500 audience. incinerator, modernization of the sewer and storm water system, Zachod water treatment plant and the expansion of the water supply network. Domestic and International Investors who have already invested in our city became convinced that OLSZTYN is a Crucial projects in progress since 2008: good place to invest. 1. Modernization and Development of an Integrated Public Transport System in Olsztyn (total amount €105,3m, EU funding €89,5m) 2. Olsztyns’ Science and Technology Park (total amount €22,5m, EU funding €14,4m) 3. Modernization of the strategic transport street (total amount €40m, EU funding €24,5m )

Amphitheatre in Olsztyn- completely rebuilt in 2007-2008 (The Integrated Regional Operational Programme –IROP, total amount c.a. €3m, EU funding c.a. €1,4m) Contact: Olsztyn City Hall City Development Strategy Department Jana Pawła II 1,10-101 Olsztyn, Poland Phone/Fax: +48 89 523 61 20 www.olsztyn.eu

If you are looking for a place for reliable investments choose Olsztyn! Engineered Immune cells target and ATTACK cancer

ith 2 million new cancer diagnoses each year, dinated, standardised way to bring successful treatments Wtreatment of malignant disease clearly rep- to the bedside in a timely and cost effective manner. resents an unmet need in the EU. The ATTACK These include plans for a European collaborative con- (Adoptive engineered T cell Targeting to Activate sortium or network to undertake clinical trials and deliver Cancer Killing) project is a pre-clinical research this form of therapy to cancer patients across Europe. In project investigating methods of harnessing patient’s addition, an EC funded training network which began in immune cells to target and attack tumour cells more October 2009, named ATTRACT (Advanced Teaching efficiently. Researchers throughout the EU and and TRaining for Adoptive Cell Therapy) has been Israel, involved in the ATTACK project, have devel- secured by members of ATTACK, with the addition of oped new methods of achieving this, and currently new partners. Fellows employed under this scheme will four clinical trials related to the ATTACK project are be trained in clinical and research methods, related to T underway, with several more in the planning stages. cell therapy, which will be vital for the continued progres- sion and key to the aim that this therapy is adopted as Metastatic cancer remains a disease with a gener- a reliable, effective and standard treatment for cancer in ally poor prognosis. T cells are part of the body’s natural the EU. immune machinery; they provide protection from invading pathogens and tumour cells. In aggressive malignant Contact Details: disease tumour cells are able to evade and paralyse the Project Coordinator : Professor Robert Hawkins immune system. The ATTACK project has developed [email protected] methods of genetically programming patient’s T cells to Project Manager: Dr Nicola Price recognise tumour cells more efficiently. The treatment [email protected] involves removal of patient’s T cells from their blood, engineering them to express a tumour targeting receptor, they RS39, Department of Medical Oncology, are then grown in the laboratory to massively increase the Paterson Institute of Cancer Research, numbers before being returned to the patient, boosting The University of Manchester, the immune system and enabling it to attack and kill the Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX tumour cells. www.attack-cancer.org ATTACK related and other clinical trials suggest that the therapy has great promise as a future strategy in the treatment of many cancers. The ATTACK project is entering its final year, but has made plans to continue the precedence set by ATTACK of progressing in a coor- Commission guide guide Commission

nsurprisingly for a fisheries com- Deep blue sea missioner, blue was the theme of affairs maritime and Fisheries Maria Damanaki’s appearance before parliament’s fisheries committee. During her hearing, Maria Damanaki made few waves as she sailed through her the former Greek Socialist MP spokeU about wanting to contribute to “blue parliamentary hearing promising blue growth and blue jobs growth” and create “blue jobs”. The time has come, she said, to “give effect” to ideas in the commission’s “blue book” which sets out future integrated maritime policy for the EU. “Innovative maritime spatial planning can unleash the potential of unexploited maritime resources for alternative energy, low-carbon transport, trans-European energy networks and blue biotechnologies,” she said. Damanaki made it clear that reform of the controversial common fisheries policy (CFP) would be “the central focus” of her work. Spanish centre-right MEP and committee chair Carmen Fraga Estévez opened the hearing on a critical note, telling Damanaki that in her written reply she had not been suf- ficiently detailed on plans for respecting the new powers conferred on parliament by the Lisbon treaty. Damanaki said she “warmly welcomed” the fact that fisheries policy is now subject to codecision under Lisbon. On CFP, she said the ongoing reform will look for more efficiency by “striking the right balance” between the interests of consumers, fishermen, industry and tourism. Ulrike Rodust, a German Socialist, questioned the official about the new costs of CFP reform and any economic and social consequences. Damanaki said she advocated funding the new integrated maritime policy separately from CFP. Money could be saved by working with other commission services, such as research and transport, she said. One of the Crete-born commissioner’s first overseas trips in her new role could be to Scotland to view the efforts of Scottish fishermen to conserve stocks. Greens/EFA MEP and SNP president Ian Hudghton, who extended the invitation, voiced concern that some of Damanaki’s statements “showed a lack of awareness as to the extent of the CFP’s failings”. He told her the Scottish gov-

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 91 Commission guide guide Commission Fisheries and maritime affairs maritime and Fisheries

FACTFILE Mandate The commissioner will be expected to “unleash” the maritime sector’s economic and employment potential and establish a culture of sustainability in the fisheries industry. The role also involves steering a “clear course” towards economic, social and environmental sustainability. Parliament’s fisheries committee is relevant to Damanaki’s portfolio. ernment and the country’s fishing industry point” in her life. She impressed many with had “pioneered ground-breaking” schemes to her promise to “get straight down to work” to Cabinet conserve stocks. Damanaki said she would make a “real and positive” difference for those

involve regions and local stakeholders more whose everyday lives depend on fishing. Head: Georgios Markopouliotis (02 299 2974) extensively but also insisted that “renational- Damanaki was just 25 in 1977, when she Deputy head: Maja Kirchner (02 298 0508) ising” fisheries policy “will not be an option”. was first elected to the Greek parliament, Spokesperson: Oliver Drewes (02 299 2421)

She agreed with members about overcapac- making her the youngest-ever Greek MP. Members: Andréas Papaconstantinou (02 298 ity of the fishing fleet in EU waters, saying, 2008), Yves Auffret (02 295 0931), Glykeria “There is drastic overfishing.” To reduce it Demataki (02 295 3334), Soultana Paschalidou without striking a blow to fishing communi- We can focus on “ (02 299 1389), Katerina Papadimitriou (02 298 ties, she said “resources should be directed to opportunities for blue growth. 1971) modernisation”. “We must enforce rules on Innovative maritime spatial fisheries and reverse the current trend of weak View from parliament control and overfishing both in EU waters planning can unleash the and internationally,” she said. Aside from the “She is well-qualified with the highest degree of potential of unexploited independence. We are very confident about her thorny issue of the CFP, Damanaki spoke “ capacity to master all aspects of her portfolio and of her commitment to issues ranging from maritime resources to cooperate loyally with our committee.” the so-called Baltic cod management plan Carmen Fraga Estévez chair of parliament’s to fighting maritime piracy. On piracy, she fisheries committee said the EU “has to make sure that its vessels She is also the first woman to be elected can fish securely, especially off the Somali vice-president of the Greek parliament. It “She was competent, well-briefed and seemed generally willing to engage in the debate on the coast” and pledged to have EU fishing vessels was, perhaps, little wonder then that she was future of fisheries management. Nevertheless, included in the EU Atlanta operation, which generally perceived to have sailed through some of her comments merely reflect what the protects merchant vessels from pirates. her grilling at the hands of MEPs. If some of commission has been saying for the last 25 years Damanaki, who was once imprisoned her new colleagues in José Manuel Barroso’s – that Brussels has all the power and that Brussels by Greece’s former military regime for six 27-strong executive made waves for all the must exercise that power in full.” months in the mid-1970s for her role in an wrong reasons at their hearings, the same Ian Hudghton member of parliament’s fisheries underground student opposition campaign, could not be said of Damanaki. She won committee described her EU nomination as a “high- almost unanimous approval from MEPs.

92 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 DROWNING IN SOUND OCEAN NOISE POLLUTION AND FISH by Sigrid Lüber

cean Noise Pollution (ONP) relationship between ONP and an taking such an holistic approach, is a source of marine observed reduction in fish catch the directive will definitely provide O pollution in the form of rates is worrying. a good basis for the regulation of acoustic energy. Because sounds ONP in European waters. generated by anthropogenic OceanCare, an NGO headquartered activities in the oceans are capable in Switzerland and a founding OceanCare, working together with of blanketing large areas, ONP is member of IONC, has focused on other members of IONC, intends to by now considered as a global building public awareness and support the goal set by Directive problem for marine biodiversity urging the international community 2008/56/EC and actively contributes conservation. It is a proven fact to tackle ONP. As the absence of a to the work of EU isntitutions. Its that ONP can deafen, disturb, legal instrument to regulate ONP is a expertise and role within IONC will injure and kill: many species of fish lacuna in the current legal framework, hopefully prove an asset to the EU’s and marine mammals are highly OceanCare continues to advocate efforts to minimize and/or eliminate sensitive to sound and often rely more comprehensive approaches. the impact of ONP on marine upon it to navigate, find food, biodiversity. locate mates, avoid predators and Thus, OceanCare welcomes the communicate. Scientific studies EU Marine Strategy Framework have demonstrated the negative Directive (Directive 2008/56/EC), effect of ONP on whales already and whose primary aim is to ensure the For more information on fishing catch rates. healthy environmental status of OceanCare European waters. In order to reach P.O. Box 372 This latter issue has recently this goal, this directive requires CH-8820 Wädenswil gained international momentum. States to limit pollution, including Phone +41-44-780 6688 During the 28th Committee on ONP, to levels that do not adversely Fax +41-44-780 6808 Fisheries session of the FAO, affect the marine environment. ONP [email protected] the International Ocean Noise is listed among existing pressures www.oceancare.org Coalition (IONC) reported that the on the marine environment too. By www.oceannoisecoalition.org WhyÊEuropeÊneedsÊtoÊsupportÊUNITAID

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hether it’s Burma or Speaking up Bangladesh, Sudan or response crisis and cooperation,aid International humanitarian Somalia, the importance of Kristalina Georgieva’s new role is, unfortunately, all Kristalina Georgieva plans to use her time in the too evident. And while the BulgarianW may not have been the original commission to provide a voice for the voiceless choice to take on the international cooperation, humanitarian aid and crisis response brief, she left few with any doubt that she is the right woman for the job. With as many as 300 million people affected every year by either natural disasters or “man-made calamities”, Georgieva is well aware of the significance of her mandate. “For those most in need around the world, this is the most important portfolio of the commission,” she told MEPs ahead of her confirmation earlier this month, adding, “It gives a voice to the voiceless.” In the wake of the devastating Haitian earthquake, the EU has been widely criticised over its response to the disaster. But with an ever increasing global population putting pressure on limited resources and the effects of climate change causing everything from widespread drought to flash floods and forest fires, the world is facing the inescapable prospect of ever more frequent emergency situations. With these disasters often striking the world’s poorest nations, Georgieva says the goal now is to work out what the bloc can do to ensure its response is “faster, more united, more visible” next time round. Given the limited time Georgieva had to prepare for her grilling by parliament, she acquitted herself convincingly, persuading deputies that she is “particularly suited” for the role entrusted to her. Proving she was worth the wait as the last of José Manuel Barroso’s commissioners to face parliament, Georgieva provided a clear vision of how she sees her duties panning out. One of the newly created portfolios in the Barroso II college, the Bulgarian plans to promote the priorities agreed on in the European consensus on humanitarian aid – more efficient aid, better response capacity

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 95 Commission guide guide Commission International cooperation, humanitarian aid and crisis response crisis and cooperation,aid International humanitarian

FACTFILE Mandate Georgieva’s portfolio brings together the instruments for civil protection and emergency response, and is responsible for the bloc’s humanitarian aid policy. The current responsibilities of the humanitarian aid DG (Echo) will be strengthened by the recognition of this task as a self-standing policy in the Lisbon treaty, with an important political responsibility to respect the principles of neutrality, impartiality and non- discrimination. This involves both the effective and swift delivery of aid, and the promotion of respect for international humanitarian law. The portfolio requires close cooperation between and increased coordination within the EU. lived within a matrix, so collective decision- Georgieva and EU foreign policy chief Catherine Here, the relationship between humani- making is something that I think now Ashton, as well as home affairs commissioner

Cecilia Malmström who is responsible for crisis tarian and military actors will form a key runs through my blood,” she said. But the response inside the EU. To help Georgieva fulfil element of Georgieva’s mandate – an issue Bulgarian will be nobody’s puppet. Assuring these responsibilities, the DG for Humanitarian MEPs repeatedly quizzed her on – and she MEPs that she is prepared to stand up to Aid (Echo) will be under her authority, and will

is under no illusions that the issue will be a the vested interests of the EU, she says she be supplemented by Units A3 and A4 from DG very difficult one to contend with. Insisting plans to use the “bridge” Ashton provides to environment. that military intervention must be a last “leverage” the full potential of the commis- Georgieva’s brief is relevant to parliament’s resort, Georgieva admits that “ in certain sion when it comes to humanitarian aid. development, foreign affairs and environment circumstances it will be inevitable. But she Other issues on Georgieva’s radar include committees. the accountability and transparency of For those most in need NGOs, ensuring humanitarian aid is neutral and impartial, climate change, and the use Cabinet around the world, this is the of sexual violence as a weapon of war. She Interim spokesperson: Ferran Tarradellas Espuny most important portfolio of will also work towards ensuring the bloc (02 296 6293) has a more proactive approach to disaster Further cabinet members to be appointed the commission preparedness, she told the chamber. “The evidence is overwhelming that prevention is “ critical; preparedness on the ground is criti- warns that every case must be considered cal and actually pays for itself,” she says. View from parliament carefully. “Once you do it you cannot undo When she received the call from her “Kristalina Georgieva left no doubt that she is the right woman for the job. In her hearing, it. Once you are in, you are in,” she said. prime minister Boyko Borisov, Georgieva she demonstrated that she has the human Georgieva will be one of three commis- was vice-president of the World Bank. But and professional qualities to be an excellent sioners working closely alongside foreign she had no hesitation in taking up his offer. humanitarian aid commissioner. She also policy chief Catherine Ashton under the “I really look forward to this work. Change showed a sensitivity to green issues, including new Lisbon treaty machinery, but she says is a good thing. Change forces you to step the interconnection between development, she is well used to working within such up and, hopefully, I will do that,” she said – a environmental degradation and humanitarian aid.” a collaborative framework. “I come from response that was warmly welcomed by the Judith Sargentini Greens/EFA an organisation that for the last 10 years deputies she will be working alongside.

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Check us out at www.westinghousenuclear.com Commission guide guide Commission

nergy independence was a key part of the policy platform Energy Power politics German Günther Oettinger’s laid out to parliament. Unfortunately for him, the assembly’s members felt his own independence was Discussions on sustainable growth, energy security equallyE under the spotlight. Under pressure from MEPs, he denied claims it was an and solidarity lit up the room when new energy “open secret” he was too close to “certain commissioner Günther Oettinger went to parliament private interests”, namely large energy companies. Oettinger told deputies he had no shares in any such undertakings, adding, “I am the commissioner proposed by Germany, but I have European obligations.” Security of energy supply, energy efficiency, the role of nuclear power and energy poverty were among other matters of concern for members of parliament’s industry and environment committees. Oettinger’s goal for the next five years is the “Europeanisation” of energy policy. “We need a comprehensive paradigm shift in energy policy,” he said. In his written answers justifying his nomination, he suggested that the EU “must fully utilise the potential of energy efficiency for sustainable growth”. He continued by saying he would “like to ensure that technologies with low or zero CO2 emissions, such as renewable forms of energy, low emission vehicles and CO2 separation and storage, are at the top of the decarbonisation agenda.” Better infrastructure is also key. “EU expenditure should be concentrated on measures which really add European value in terms of cross-border effects, economies of scale and combating market failures,” he said. “The commission should continue to coordinate strategically important projects,” such as the plan to connect the Baltic energy networks and the Nabucco gas pipeline, he added. Expansion of the internal market for the benefit of consumers is next up in his priorities. Oettinger will promote the introduction of intelligent energy technologies, such as smart electricity meters, which he hopes will give consumers a better understanding of energy use, and the impact of energy efficiency.

100 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 Commission guide guide Commission

FACTFILE Mandate Energy

The holder of the energy portfolio will drive forward the single market for energy and the EU policy on energy security, as well as designing and building broad-based support for a long-term strategy to decarbonise energy outputs, including reviewing energy efficiency and updating the 2006 action plan. Oettinger will be in charge of the EU’s energy research budgets, and work to refocus research on industry-driven applied technologies to create innovation and smart jobs. Energy infrastructures are also part of his remit, and strengthening the EU framework for safety in nuclear power. He is also asked to give particular momentum to meeting the 2020 targets for renewable energies.

Cabinet Spokesperson: Marlene Holzner (02 296 0196) Further cabinet members to be appointed The external dimension of energy policy an ambassador for nuclear power”. The is also important, as the EU will need EU’s role, he believes, is in the areas of a considerable quantity of oil and gas nuclear safety, atomic energy research and View from parliament imports for many years to come, according the disposal of radioactive waste. “The nominee’s understanding of the issues to the new energy guru. “Building on the Oettinger’s appointment to the com- and problems raised during the questions were experience gained from the 2009 gas crisis, mission is not the first time his name has appreciated. It was particularly welcomed that

featured heavily in the German press. In he is convinced of the European added value of 2007 he was in the spotlight after giving energy policy as well as his commitment to defend Building on the experience a controversial eulogy for former German independently European interests. Members appreciated his long-standing experience and… gained from the 2009 “ politician, Hans Filbinger, who was forced to resign after allegations surfaced about his his clear willingness to work closely with the gas crisis, I would like role as a navy lawyer and judge in WWII. parliament… to fully exploit the potential of the new legal basis for energy policy provided by the Speaking at Filbinger’s memorial to strengthen further the Lisbon treaty. Oettinger pointed out that no-one lost “solidarity between member their life as a result of his verdicts, and “Some members raised concerns over his states and the union’s ability suggested he did not wield the power independence vis-à-vis interests of the energy and freedom suggested by his critics. sector as well as the interests of the country he to speak with one voice Subsequently accused by politicians knows best. He reassured a significant majority of the committee about his independence. Some (including chancellor Angel Merkel) and members, especially from the new member the media of playing down the significance states, expressed concerns over whether Oettinger I would like to strengthen further the of the Nazi dictatorship, Oettinger at first will be able to fully act in accordance with the solidarity between member states and the defended his speech, but later distanced solidarity principle in EU energy policy, particularly Union’s ability to speak with one voice,” himself from the comments. in the complex relationship with Russia’s state he explained. A former prime minister of the land of monopoly.” As for nuclear energy, he speaks of “respect Baden-Württemberg (2005-2010) the new Herbert Reul chairman of the industry, research for national decision-making powers”, commissioner’s professional background is and energy committee saying he sees himself as “a moderator, not in law, auditing and tax accountancy.

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 101 7j^aYVWZiiZg[jijgZid\Zi]Zg

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VlVgZcZhhVcYV]ZVai]nigVY^c\Zck^gdcbZci/ lll#Z[WV"Zj#Xdb lll#^[i[#Xdb Local energy companies play an essential role in the European energy and climate policy

CEDEC, the European federation of local energy companies, represents the interests of electricity and gas companies at European level : • 1500 companies, with local mainly public shareholders, • total turnover of 100 billion euros, • 250.000 employees.

Essential players in competitive energy markets : Local energy players are the only competitors already well established in the national markets. There can be no competition without competitors : large CEDEC Congress and small, private and public. 28 and 29 April 2010 Hotel Renaissance Active in every part of the value chain, striving for citizen’s value : Local generation (including cogeneration, district heating & renewables), in Brussels distribution network operation, metering system and data management, supply and energy efficiency services. From global challenges to Local answers : Small and medium sized enterprises with local shareholders : Strategic Perpectives for Local energy companies are mainly small and medium sized : close to their Local Energy Companies local shareholders, they are key actors in the regional economic development and contribute to the creation of local investments and jobs.

Partners in the realization of environmental objectives : Local energy companies constitute an important partner for the realization of European environmental objectives, through investments in local sustainable electricity production, efficient and smart networks, and energy efficiency services.

Priority themes • Unbundling: Current rules on legal and functional unbundling in distribution allow effective market functioning. The exemption for companies with less than 100.000 customers has been reconfirmed by the 3rd energy directive. Changes in these rules would result in even stronger concentration in generation and supply in the internal energy markets, with negative effects on prices and quality of service. • Consumer rights: CEDEC strives for cost effective customer service and more transparency on their consumption and billing, giving special attention to vulnerable consumer groups. • Environmental ambitions: CEDEC companies support European objectives on climate protection and will translate their experience in concrete measures to help realize the 20/20/20 objectives, through sustainable local generation and a wide variety of energy efficiency services. • Smart grids: Distribution networks constitute 90% of all networks. The necessary investments in networks and metering systems will allow a better integration of sustainable local production and more energy efficient energy use by network operators and consumers. • EU Consultation procedures: CEDEC insists that all stakeholders, in particularly local energy companies with their specific local community perspective, should be involved in future consultations organized by European institutions and the European energy regulator.

For more detailed information: www.cedec.com or contact CEDEC at 00 32 2 217 81 17 Commission guide guide Commission

ohannes Hahn is married with 271 children. He may only have At street level one son, but the EU’s new regional policy Regional policy commissioner sees himself as a “father of the regions”. And, with the reform of cohesion policy Regional policy chief Johannes Hahn will be working to Jpost-2013 and recovery from the economic crisis among the items on his make sure none of Europe’s 271 regions get left behind agenda, he will certainly have to work hard in guiding their development over the next five years. The biggest challenge for Hahn, Austria’s new commissioner and the country’s former science minister, will be negotiating the debate on Europe’s regional policy after 2013. He will also be charged with bringing regional policy in line with the EU 2020 strategy, taking forward the commission’s Danube strategy and piloting projects to promote urban development. The commission’s draft proposals for the future of cohesion policy were strongly criticised last year, with Hahn’s predecessor Danuta Hübner joining regional organisations in warning against the elimination of the objective two element, which applies to two-thirds of all European regions. Hübner, now chair of parliament’s regional development committee, claimed such an approach “would result in a European policy absent in 200 regions out of 271 and 16 member states out of 27”. But Hahn sought to allay such concerns, saying, “I am opposed to re-nationalisa- tion. Cohesion policy is a policy for all the regions. Nobody should be left behind. Limiting it to the poorest parts of Europe would transform the policy into a simple mechanism for transferring funds from the rich to the poor.” In a play-it-safe appearance before the regional development committee, the commissioner also signalled that he would focus on Europe’s towns and cities. Setting out plans for a consultation on the issue, he said, “We need a new urban policy for Europe. Towns and cities are the economic, cultural and social focus of our continent, and today they are in particular need of our attention.”

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 105 Carinthia successful in a strong Europe

Lake Weissensee

activities involved in the equestrian economic sector and included in this EU project have been combined under the one roof. Also, one of the largest bridleway networks in Central Europe extending some 1,500 kilometres and the first digital long-distance bridleway map have been established. The marketing of the tourist facilities offered by the riding centres, hotels, guest houses, and farms which form a part of this operation is being carried out jointly. This will give a boost to our equestrian sector.

A nursery school where three languages are spoken

he rural border region of Carinthia Innovation and cross-border co- This EU project is able to provide our is working closely with its Italian operation children with an important advantage Tand Slovenian neighbours. Since in life: knowledge of languages, cultural the accession of Austria to the EU in To take one example, the Lakeside awareness and qualifications for the 1995, we have had access to European Science & Technology Park in employment market. funding instruments. Carinthia’s Klagenfurt was given massive financial successful regional development can assistance through the EU Structural In a local authority area near the Italian be attributed, to a great extent, to the Funds programme. The LEADER and and Slovenian border, the nursery assistance provided by specific EU- the INTERREG programmes have school teachers from Austria, Slovenia funds. helped to implement hundreds of and Italy go to work every day in one projects, which have now become an of the other three countries and teach Each year Carinthia receives about indispensable feature of a competitive the nursery school pupils there foreign €85 million in EU development Carinthia and which make it a languages using play as a medium. funds for rural development, to help worthwhile place to live in. The experience gained from the competitiveness and employment or cultural exchange at an early stage in European territorial co-operation. The The equestrian centre of Carinthia their school life also helps the school EU provincial government member pupils immensely. The skills of the Dr. Josef Martinz, who has been doing In this EU project, Carinthia has young citizens will later on contribute everything in his power to ensure developed a tourist attraction, significantly to the economic and the country continues to use the generated income and created new cultural development of the region possibilities that have been offered by jobs. where the three countries meet. These the EU effectively, confirmed “We are skills will also improve the employment European champions when it comes to As a result of the huge Carinthian market and significantly help to support implementing European projects“. commitment and EU funds, all the cross-border co-operation. Facts about Carinthia: The Carinthian Region is represented to the European Carinthia is one of the 9 provinces in Austria Union through the EU- Representation Office of Area of Carinthia: 9,535.97km2 (includes 9,364 km2 land Carinthia in Brussels since 1995. and 172km2 water ) Population: 560,605 (59 inhabitants/km2 ) Its main tasks are standing- in for Carinthian interests Capital: Klagenfurt am Wörthersee of EU-legislation especially Area of Klagenfurt: 120.11km2 EU-transport policy, EU- Population: 93,478 (779 inhabitants/km2) regional policy, EU-health policy, EU-information and Carinthia shares its border with Slovenia and Italy communication technology policy, and EU-agriculture policy.

Since 2005 the EU- Representation Office of ”As far as Austria‘s most southern province Carinthia is sharing the office is concerned, membership of the EU is building with Friuli-Venezia- the only option“, according to the EU Giulia Region, Istria Region and provincial government member Josef canton of Sarajevo. Martinz. Carinthia gains a lot in all respects from the opportunities and possibilities that a united Europe offers to its regions.

Dr. Josef Martinz Regional Minister of Carinthia for European Affairs, Agriculture and Forestry

Member of the Committee of the Regions since 2004

Member of the Commission for Economic and Social Policy (ECOS) Commission guide guide Commission Regional policy Regional

FACTFILE Mandate The regional policy commissioner will work to strengthen territorial cohesion, as enshrined in the Lisbon treaty. Johannes Hahn will also prepare the post-2013 cohesion policy, taking

into account the aims of the 2020 strategy. He will be responsible for managing the European regional development and cohesion funds,

which take up a large chunk of the EU budget, including supervising expenditure in line with financial regulation and ensuring sound financial management practices. And he referred to problems with the The new commissioner does not plan to spending of regional aid, which have been take up Hübner’s challenge of visiting every“ The commissioner is responsible to parliament’s flagged up by the Court of Auditors and single one of Europe’s regions, but he seems regional development committee. subject to fraud allegations. While Hahn to understand the need for a real presence at said he would have “zero tolerance” for Cabinet errors, he insisted that the problems highlighted by the Court of Auditors had not Cohesion policy is a policy Spokesperson: Ton van Lierop (02 296 6565) been cases of fraud. for all the regions. Nobody Further cabinet members to be appointed The new commissioner will also need to work closely with the Committee of should be left behind the Regions and organisations such as the View from parliament Assembly of European Regions, Council of “[Johannes Hahn] demonstrated that he European Municipalities and Regions and “street level, perhaps thanks to his background possesses the experience, integrity and Eurocities during the annual Open Days of in regional politics. It will be up to Hahn professional capacity to assume the high Europe’s regions and cities. And, as with his to direct EU policy to help promote social responsibility of the position of commissioner.” fellow commissioners, he will also have to equality, protect the environment and drive Danuta Hübner chair of parliament’s regional work under the Lisbon treaty’s new institu- economic recovery. Time will tell if he is to development committee tional framework. the challenge.

108 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 Commission guide guide Commission

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 105 Commission guide guide Commission Regional policy Regional

into account the aims of the 2020 strategy. He will be responsible for managing the European regional development and cohesion funds,

108 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 Carinthia successful in a strong Europe

Lake Weissensee

A nursery school where three languages are spoken

Dr. Josef Martinz Regional Minister of Carinthia for European Affairs, Agriculture and Forestry

Member of the Committee of the Regions since 2004

Member of the Commission for Economic and Social Policy (ECOS)

Difficult times? Academic Solutions?

n recessionary times focus turns to Universities The RSA leads in the field of for understanding, explanation and insights into “knowledge transfer and our members are Ihow futures may be improved. Perhaps it is no certainly passionate about this area of coincidence that the Open Days University (October 2009) started when it did. our work Sally Hardy, Chief Executive The Regional Studies Association, a society with ” global reach, acts as a conduit between the policy The current global economic crisis is having an and practice and academic communities in regional impact on people, businesses and places across policy and development issues. Europe. The academy of the RSA can actively support practitioners and policy makers in regions to develop Professor David Bailey, RSA Chair, explains, “It’s and implement responses to this crisis, and help them important that academics working in our field prepare their regions for a more sustainable recovery. support policy makers and practitioner colleagues with well evidenced and sophisticated analysis of the Sally Hardy difficult challenges that face them”. Chief Executive With a diverse and international membership the Regional Studies Association offers a forum for the exchange of issues, ideas and best practice.

Coming up:

• RSA hosts multiple sessions within the DG Regio, Open Days University 2010, Brussels, including: o Place based and sectoral based policy o understanding territorial cohesion o migration, social mobility and urban dynamics o place leadership – urban and regional Professor David Bailey development RSA Chair • International Conference in Pécs, Southern Hungary, 24th – 26th May 2010 on “Regional Responses to Global Shifts”

• Nobel Prize winner, Professor Paul Krugman will deliver the Regional Studies Annual Lecture in Washington DC on the challenges to new economic geography (16th April 2010)

• USA conference – “Regional Resilience” with expert panel debates considering future scenarios for regional growth and strength (15th April 2010, Washington DC)

Visit http://www.regional-studies-assoc.ac.uk

The RSA is a registered charity in the UK. Commission guide guide Commission

divided Europe is not an option for EU climate action com- In it to win it missioner Connie Hedegaard. action Climate Denmark’s member of the executive, who has taken over one of the EU’s newly-created portfo- Climate action commissioner Connie Hedegaard insists lios,A made it clear during her parliamentary hearing that Europe must learn from the Europe must come together and speak with one voice Copenhagen summit and speak with one if it is to have any chance of tackling global warming voice if it is to make itself heard in the international climate change debate. “Those last hours in Copenhagen, China, India, Japan, Russia, the US… each spoke with one voice, while Europe spoke with many different voices,” she said. “Sometimes we spend so much time agreeing with one another that when finally the EU comes to the international negotiations we are almost unable to negotiate. Here we must improve – in order to give Europe a stronger voice.” Hedegaard is certainly well-equipped to take on her new role, having chaired most of the COP15 in December last year and with five years as environment and climate and energy minister under her belt. She sees her first priority as implementing the EU’s climate and energy package, working towards a green economy that can create jobs and promote growth. And she will no doubt have little time for the climate sceptics who claim that Europe’s crisis-hit economy lacks the resources to push for a sustainable future. “Some may say, we can’t afford it. Well, I say: Europe cannot afford not to,” she told MEPs. Hedegaard gave an assured performance during her hearing, providing fluent responses to tough questions and appearing media savvy, something which may come as a result of her 14 years as a journalist. MEPs who knew her from her time as climate and environment minister, and as minister for the 2009 UN climate change conference in Copenhagen, seemed pleased to see her, but gave her no special treatment. During her opening speech, the commissioner said she was “disappointed” that world leaders did not agree to a binding deal in the Danish capital. When UK ALDE deputy Chris Davies asked why MEPs should approve

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 111 Commission guide guide Commission

FACTFILE

Climate action Climate Mandate As commissioner for climate action, Connie Hedegaard will lead the EU’s international negotiations on climate policy. She will have a key role in helping Europe tackle and deal with the effects of climate change. She will also be responsible for helping the EU meet its targets for a 20 per cent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions on 1990 levels by 2020, developing and implementing the EU emissions trading system and promoting its links with other carbon trading schemes. She will also work with other commissioners to promote the low carbon and adaptation technologies, and is expected to develop a strong science and economic base for EU climate policy. The climate action commissioner is responsible to parliament’s environment, public health and food safety committee, and to the industry, research and energy committee.

Cabinet Head: Peter Vis (02 295 8900) Deputy head: Michael Starbaek Christensen (02 a commissioner for climate action who watched particularly closely in the run-up 295 9545)

had been “associated with such failure”, to the Mexico climate summit this year, and Spokesperson: Maria Kokkonen (02 295 4203) Hedegaard said it was unfair to criticise there will be great interest in her approach Members: Anne Bergenfelt (02 295 0850), “those who spent years trying to mobil- to carbon taxes and emissions trading Caroline Lambert (02 299 2480), Jürgen Müller

ise the world”. She was also bold in her schemes. Hedegaard promised to work with (02 299 4401), Lukasz Kolinski (02 295 1779) response to Danish Socialist Dan Jørgensen, her fellow commissioners to ensure climate who asked for a list of the “serious mistakes” that resulted in the “fiasco” of Copenhagen, Those last hours in “ View from parliament offering a bottle of champagne to anyone “Members would have wished the commissioner- able to find a previous COP president who Copenhagen, China, India, designate to have demonstrated more open had done more. acceptance that the [Copenhagen] conference While unwilling to accept responsibil- Japan, Russia, the US… outcome failed to meet the EU’s objectives” ity for what went wrong in Copenhagen, each spoke with one voice, Jo Leinen chair of parliament’s environment Hedegaard will not rest on her laurels while Europe spoke with committee when it comes to coming up with an ambi- “ “I liked a lot your statement that you want Europe tious international climate deal, promising many different voices to be the most climate-friendly area in the world” to offer concrete solutions to help the EU Satu Hassi member of parliament’s environment reach its 20 per cent emissions reduction committee target as soon as possible. “mainstreaming”. For Hedegaard, unity is “It is very nice to see a person devoted to climate Climate action may appear a narrow key: she does not believe that a fractious action in this position, although I would sincerely portfolio but, with the 2020 targets, the Europe can boost employment or maintain welcome also more self-reflection on the mistakes emissions trading system and low carbon its place in the globalised world. “Europe the Danish presidency made in Copenhagen” technologies among the issues in her remit, must pull itselftogether,” she said, “we must Kriton Arsenis member of parliament’s Hedegaard will certainly have her work work together. If we don’t, we lose – if we environment committee cut out over the next five years. She will be do, we can win.”

112 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 Energy efficiency in buildings requires intelligent solar shading

eep public concern over global the energy warming and the energy crisis have needed for Dmade energy efficiency a top priority. heating. As buildings are the largest energy user, That’s why they also offer the highest savings potential. solar shading Millions of square meters in existing is not just buildings consume 250 kWh/m² per year, necessary in and sometimes much more, while state-of- summer. the-art construction methods for modern buildings show figures well below 100 kWh/ ES-SO, the European Solar-Shading m².a. Passive house technology is associated Organization, the umbrella organization with figures like 15 kWh/m².a. This range of of the solar shading industry, has figures shows the massive challenge that is commissioned a scientific study to quantify before us. New buildings should be ‘green’, these energy savings. They are surprising. old buildings should be renovated and the requirements of the EPBD are quite modest, compared to what industry can do.

Today’s standards of comfort make artificial cooling almost a necessity in most climates. That’s where solar shading comes in. Automated solar shading systems will cut energy demand for cooling by double-digit percentages, depending on the quality and amount of glass and, of course, the climate. In the heating season, automated solar shading will allow welcome, free solar energy into the building and relieve

Visit www.es-so.eu

Commission guide guide Commission

ith three official candidate An open door countries and others waiting policy neighbourhood European and Enlargement in the wings, European enlargement is one hot- topic never far from the New enlargement and neighbourhood commissioner political radar. And Štefan Füle’sW new brief is one which has real implica- Štefan Füle says the EU’s door is always open, but he tions for the fabric of the EU. Coming from insists there is no fast track to membership the Czech Republic, Füle bears personal witness to the possibilities enlargement offers in terms of economic growth, trade and investment, and increased mobility, with his own country admitted to the bloc just over five years ago. Addressing members during his confirmation hearing last month, the former EU affairs minister said enlargement is “more than a policy portfolio”. He said, “It has transformed my country and my own life. It has transformed Europe as a whole. It has restored hope and dignity to millions of people. This is why I am a strong believer in further reunification.” As commissioner for enlargement and neighbourhood policy, Füle’s mandate covers everything from ongoing accession negotiations to visa liberalisation to relations with eastern Europe. As such, there will inevitably be some overlap with the Catherine Ashton’s role who, as EU foreign policy chief, is charged with overall responsibility for EU external policy. When it comes to neighbourhood policy commission president José Manuel Barroso says Füle’s role is to “develop credible and attractive” alternatives for those countries that will not become EU members, working in “close cooperation” with Ashton. This means deepening relations with all the EU’s neighbours and developing tailor-made relations with individual countries. But Füle, whose background lies largely in security and defence, has made it clear that there will be no automatic cross-over between neighbourhood policy and enlargement. “The rules are clear: there are not and there should be no short-cuts to membership,” he said, later adding that “it is not a free ticket”. As Füle takes over his mandate, Turkey, Croatia and Macedonia all have candidate

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 115 Commission guide guide Commission

FACTFILE Mandate Enlargement and European neighbourhood policy neighbourhood European and Enlargement Füle is responsible for continuing negotiations with EU candidate countries, in particular relations with Croatia and Turkey, as well as helping other countries of the western Balkans and Iceland prepare for future membership. The programming and management of pre-accession assistance is also within his remit. European neighbourhood policy covers those countries that will not become EU members. To help him fufil these responsibilities, DG enlargement is under Füle’s authority, as well as the services of the EuropeAid- Cooperation office responsible for the European neighbourhood and partnership instrument. Once the European external action service is up and running, under the authority of the Catherine Ashton, the two will have to work closely with it to ensure coherence in EU external policy. Füle will work with parliament’s foreign affairs committee in country status. There are also several other But if enlargement is to live up to the fulfilling his mandate. potential candidates in the western Balkans promise of greater democracy, stability and – who have been promised the prospect of security across the continent, he must ensure Cabinet

joining the bloc depending on the progress of the process doesn’t move too far too fast. their reforms – not to mention Iceland, which Following the most recent accession of Head: Simon Mordue (02 298 4970) submitted its official application for member- Bulgaria and Romania in 2007, concerns were Deputy head: Jana Šindelková (02 298 3076

ship only last year. raised that they were ill prepared for life as Spokesperson: Angela Filote (02 295 1968) The eventual accession of Turkey, in EU members – something Füle intends to Members: Gilles Bertrand (02 295 5512), Rudiger particular, has stoked fierce debate, with eliminate in the future. “The pace of reforms Boogert (02 299 2165), Claus Giering (02 296 many concerned by the country’s lack of determines progress towards membership. 0389), Iwona Piorko (02 298 4861), Alena progress towards reform since negotiations Being an EU member is a demanding“ task, Obrusníková (02 295 9458), Pavel Bouda (02 began more than 10 years ago, as well as its 295 4666) failure to implement the Ankara protocol. Earlier this month, MEPs delivered a mixed The rules are clear: there reaction when they debated the country’s are not and there should View from parliament progress in plenary. But Füle is unequivocal “Štefan Füle has a very complex field of activity in his belief that Turkish membership of the be no short-cuts to which is on the one side a big possibility because EU can be mutually beneficial, arguing that membership both enlargement and European neighbourhood at the end of the process we will see “a new, policy concern European perspective but use modern and reformed” Turkey. “ different types of tools. On the other side his What, then, are the prospects for other function contains the risk of new divided loyalties countries harbouring aspirations to join the for which one must be properly prepared. I and responsibilities. A close coordination of his bloc? According to Füle, who says he is “pas- believe strongly it is our duty to assist these actions with Catherine Ashton and the EEAS is also essential to guarantee more coherence and more sionate” about enlargement, the EU’s door countries to pursue their reform agenda. And capacity of action in order to reduce overlaps. A is very much open. Croatia, for example, is I will make maximum use of all instruments one-voice-policy must be the aim. Therefore Mr on track to conclude its negotiations this and resources at my disposal to do so,” he says. Füle should also work closely together with the year, although the Czech is in no mood to “It is important as my job will be to make sure EP - especially concerning sensitive questions like construct politically driven timetables. “I very that accession is proposed only to countries Turkey, Bosnia Herzegovina, but also Syria, Libya much hope that while we stick closely to the that can make full benefit from it and can and Georgia.” rules we will treat each country on its merit,” bring their positive contribution to Europe.” Elmar Brok EPP group coordinator in parliament’s he says, adding that it is important not to Füle’s message is clear: Europe’s door is open, foreign affairs committee leave any country “out in the cold”. but only fools rush in.

116 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 CJ-270x210 16-02-2010 14:29 Pagina 1

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Set up in 1996 by the European Union and located in Bilbao, Spain, the main role of the Agency is to contribute to the improvement of working life in the European Union. The Agency anticipates new and emerging risks through its European Risk Observatory and identifies and shares information, good practice and advice with a wide range of audiences to promote a risk prevention culture.

EU-OSHA’s main awareness-raising activity is the Healthy Workplaces Campaign, the world’s largest occupational health and safety campaign.

The Healthy Workplaces Campaign 2010-2011 on Safe Maintenance

For the next two years, the Agency will be campaigning to raise awareness of the importance of proper maintenance work. In fact, 15-20% of all workplace accidents are connected with maintenance and in some sectors over half of all accidents are maintenance-related.

The campaign will be launched by Commissioner László Andor on 28 April, the World Day for Safety and Health at Work and has two main messages:

 Raise awareness of the importance of maintenance for workers’ safety and health  Highlight the risks associated with maintenance and the need to carry it out safely

The campaign follows a network-based approach and is organised in all of the EU Member States and beyond. Our network of focal points and many other partners in Europe support a wide range of events and activities to promote safe maintenance, based on employers, employees and governments working together.

The European Week in week 43 of each year, the Good Practice Award ceremony in April 2011 and the Closing Event of the campaign in November 2011 are other milestones of this Healthy Workplaces Campaign.

The campaign is backed by the EU Council Presidencies of Spain and Belgium in 2010 and of Hungary and Poland in 2011, by the European Parliament and the European Commission, and by the European Social Partners. http://osha.europa.eu

HEALTHY WORKPLACES GOOD FOR YOU. GOOD FOR BUSINESS. Commission guide guide Commission

t would be fair to say that employ- Social Europe ment and social affairs commissioner inclusion and Employment,affairs social László Andor failed to impress MEPs during his parliamentary hearing last month. French EPP deputy Elisabeth Tackling unemployment and developing Europe’s Morin-Chartier berated his “super- ficialI and unconvincing” performance, her social model will be high on the agenda for new Polish colleague Danuta Jazlowiecka said employment commissioner László Andor she did not see him “as a visionary”, while Danish Green Emilie Turunen implied he lacked the necessary “creativity” for the position. Despite a somewhat uninspiring appearance before MEPs, the Hungarian Socialist took a play-it-safe approach and failed to ruffle any feathers on some of Europe’s political hot-potatoes. His dossier includes the controversial working time directive, the free movement of workers and management of the European social fund. With responsibility for employment, the new commissioner will also be charged with coming up with innovative solutions to help create new jobs and reduce the 10 per cent unemployment rate in the 16-country eurozone. Andor will seek to address the challenges facing older workers, young people, the disabled and ethnic minorities, and will attempt to dispel concerns over labour migration. During his hearing, the commissioner highlighted the benefits of immigration, saying that it can often create “richer societies”. “Immigrants can bring new policies, new capacities and, in the history of human- ity, there has always been immigration,” he said. “Sometimes, or at certain times, it has created tension. But it is very important to see that there is definitely a positive side and a human side to it.” Andor, a former economist, sees his role as employment commissioner as central to developing Europe’s social model. Concrete ideas may have been thin on the ground during his hearing, but he will have a chance to set out his stall more fully, taking over his portfolio just months before the EU is expected to approve its 2020 strategy. EU 2020, the follow-up to the much-criticised

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 119 Commission guide guide Commission Employment, social affairs and inclusion and Employment,affairs social

FACTFILE Mandate Top of László Andor’s agenda as employment, social affairs and inclusion commissioner is tackling unemployment, assisting those who have lost their jobs get back into the labour market, and helping to prevent poverty and social exclusion. He is charged with developing Europe’s modern social agenda, pursuing “flexicurity” as part of moves towards modern labour markets. He will also provide input to new legislation on the posted workers directive and working time Lisbon agenda for growth and jobs, aims to reform with internal market commissioner directive. Poverty, social protection systems and promote a greener economy and the better Michel Barnier. He will also need to address pensions also come under the employment use of resources. In his opening speech, immigration issues with Cecilia Malmström, commissioner’s remit, and he will be responsible Andor said the programme “will be about who holds the home affairs portfolio, and for financial instruments including the European

getting the most out of the tools and part- justice, fundamental rights and citizenship social fund, the European globalisation fund, nerships we have and building, over the commissioner Viviane Reding. the Progress programme and the forthcoming next years, with the European parliament, Andor, who takes over as commissioner microcredit facility.

the council, the social partners and my as the European year for combating poverty László Andor is responsible to parliament’s colleagues in the commission, a stronger and social exclusion gets underway, will also employment and social affairs committee. social dimension of our European model work closely with parliament’s employment – a Europe that is fairer, more sustainable and social affairs committee. On this, he“ has Cabinet and more participative”. The strategy will need to help Europe’s economic recov- Head: Anabela Gago (02 296 1022) ery “but also consolidate the employment I am an economist, but Deputy head: Éva Török (02 295 3874) dimension”, he added, stressing the need for Spokesperson: Cristina Arigho (02 298 1742) I don’t see labour as a Advisor: Csaba Káncz significant changes in economic structures. In his mission statement to Andor, José commodity. It is about the Members: Denis Genton (02 296 9965), Max Manuel Barroso singled out “flexicurity” livelihood of people Uebe (02 296 8272), Gyula Cserey (02 298 as a key area of focus for the new commis- 1742), Gyula Hegyi sioner. Europe would be better placed to “ tackle the economic crisis by investing in a labour market policy of this kind, with pledged to focus on tackling child poverty View from parliament companies and employers able to negotiate – particularly in the Roma population. “Mr Andor has given proof of integrity and their relationship more effectively. “I am an Employment committee chair Pervenche independence and has demonstrated sufficient specific knowledge of the domain and his economist, but I don’t see labour as a com- Berès is optimistic about Andor’s ability, professional aptitude to assume the high office of modity,” he said. “It is about the livelihood telling the Parliament Magazine recently commissioner responsible for employment, social of people.” that he had a “good background” for the affairs and inclusion… However, some coordinators On a practical level, Andor will need to job. However, the French Socialist warned noted that a number of MEPs regretted that his look at unemployment issues with industry that he would need to ensure he had the answers were too general.” commissioner Antonio Tajani, job creation “strength and authority” to pressure his Pervenche Berès chair of parliament’s with economic and monetary affairs com- colleagues in a “quite conservative-minded employment committee missioner Olli Rehn, and pension system commission”.

120 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 European Union European Social Fund Investing in jobs and skills

European Social Fund www.esf.gov.uk

Investing £2.5 billion in jobs and skills in England in 2007-2013 Commission guide guide Commission

n “interesting” first day in the job, was new home affairs com- Home affairs Home Balancing act missioner Cecilia Malmström’s take on parliament’s rejection of the Swift EU-US data transfer deal. The Swede’s baptism of fire Cecilia Malmström is aiming to strike a balance between upholding mayA have ended in defeat, but she remained unbowed by the verdict. “I hope we will be fundamental rights and safeguarding citizens’ security as she takes able to agree a text in the near future that will on the newly created post of home affairs commissioner give us greater security, more data protection and a useful cooperation tool with US authorities,” she said. The ebullient former ALDE MEP and Swedish EU affairs minister can look forward to many more tough battles. Her newly created position, which covers the tricky issues of security and migration, is seen as one of the college’s more ‘awkward’ portfolios, and one that EU member states are histori- cally wary of. Weeks before the Swift vote, Malmström gave a convincing performance before MEPs as she highlighted the need for balance between fundamental rights and citizens’ security. After dispensing with the formalities of being a former deputy, Malmström set out her priorities, saying she planned “to ensure that Europe’s home affairs policies go hand- in-hand with our actions in standing up for and safeguarding fundamental rights”. Malmström said that one of her first acts would be to present, alongside justice, fundamental rights and citizenship commissioner Viviane Reding, a communication and action plan for delivering the Stockholm programme. This covers EU police and customs cooperation, rescue services, criminal and civil law cooperation, asylum, migration and visa policy. She added that she wants “solidarity” to be the watchword across her portfolio. Throughout her hearing, Malmström was questioned on how she was going to develop a more collective approach to the so-called disproportionate burden on the EU’s southern countries. She argued that migration was a global phenomenon that would never fully disappear, but agreed that more needed to be done to combat irregular migration, and organised trafficking. She promised to come forward, within months, with new proposals on the future role of Frontex, including provi-

122 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 Commission guide guide Commission Home affairs Home FACTFILE Mandate Malmström will be responsible for developing the newly created home affairs portfolio. Priorities include developing an action plan on the multiannual Stockholm programme and delivery of the pact on immigration and asylum. Her role will include protecting citizens through the development of a comprehensive internal security strategy and supporting national work in preventing and deterring threats from terrorism and organised crime, while striking a balance between security and fundamental rights, including data protection. She will also be expected to play a major role in developing the border-free Schengen area, find a solution to the operational implementation of SIS II and VIS II, and foster solidarity with those member states that are most exposed at the EU’s external

borders and coherence in EU visa policy. sions for the border control agency to buy its tion problems. “One thing we need to do is Malmström will be responsible to parliament’s committees on liberties, justice and home affairs, own equipment. Although she thinks “each make sure that there are legal ways to get into

and women’s rights and gender equality country should shoulder its responsibilities”, Europe. This is also a way of fighting irregu- she admits it will be “impossible to force lar immigration,” she said, adding that she member states” to show solidarity. would look at proposals on a seasonal workers Cabinet “ directive, an inter-corporate directive and a Head: Maria Asenius There is not a contradiction trainees’ directive. Malmström said a lot of Deputy head: Laurent Muschel (02 299 4708) policies would be developed, including a revi- Spokesperson: Michele Cercone (02 298 0963) between defending sion of the data protection directive, as well as Members: Karolina Kottova (02 298 7019), Søren legislation on tackling human trafficking and fundamental rights and Schønberg (02 299 3235), Ian Vollbracht (02 the sexual exploitation of children. 296 7708), Erik Windmar (02 299 8645), Love fighting for the security of On internal security, Malmström said Berggren (02 298 6373) Europeans she will evaluate anti-terrorism legislation “ before coming up with plans for an internal security strategy. Criticised by centre-right deputy Manfred Weber for placing too much View from parliament Malmström said her priorities would emphasis on fundamental rights, rather than “The LIBE and FEMM delegation consider that Mrs include establishing a common asylum and security, Malmström was stung into a robust Malmström showed, in her answers to the specific immigration policy. She said that asylum defence of her liberal values. “There is not questions raised, a very good knowledge of the issues and of the links her portfolio has with those reception conditions were the “backbone” a contradiction between defending funda- of other commissioners and with the competences of the whole package. “We must have equal mental rights and fighting for the security of of the member states. Mrs Malmström is a systems on how we receive people, that are Europeans,” she said. “Those things go hand promising candidate who showed strong integrity, predictable, that are known and that member in hand.” Greeted by widespread applause, commitment and openness and has all the states can fulfil and respond to,” she said. Malmström ended her hearing on a high qualities to take on the job as commissioner.” Sticking to her liberal guns, Malmström note. MEPs were won over by her perfor- Juan Fernando López Aguilar chair of parliament’s argued that strict border controls were only mance. Convincing EU member states will civil liberties, justice and home affairs committee part of the solution to Europe’s immigra- likely be a much harder task.

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 123 Keeping pace with Europe’s drugs problem

Almost two decades ago, European policymakers called for an independent reference point on drugs that could provide a reliable picture of Europe’s drug phenomenon. Since the early 1990s, the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) has been bringing them this evidence base to inform policy and support the drugs debate.

llicit drug use and trafficking are worldwide The EMCDDA and the EU institutions collaborate phenomena that threaten health and social in a broad effort to develop common learning and Istability. Statistics show that around one in three coordination on drugs among the EU Member young Europeans has tried an illicit drug, while one of States. EU drug strategies and action plans have the estimated 1.4 million problem heroin users dies been adopted since the early 1990s, contributing to every hour from a drug overdose. In the last reporting the convergence of national strategies and to the year, an estimated 9 tonnes of heroin, 76 tonnes of development of evidence-based policies. cocaine and 21 million ecstasy tablets were seized This is illustrated by the fact that almost all Member by law-enforcement agencies in Europe. Meanwhile, States now have a national drug strategy, which they health services provided substitution treatment to evaluate and renew periodically, and by the rapid over 650 000 heroin users. development of European drug research in fields such as cocaine treatment. Independent, science-based information is a vital resource to help Europe understand the nature of its drug problems and better respond to them. ‘Before Wolfgang Götz the EMCDDA existed, there was no authoritative EMCDDA Director The EMCDDA provides technical assistance to the reference point capable of estimating the extent of www.emcdda.europa.eu/ European Commission in its evaluation of EU drug Europe’s drugs problem’, says Director Wolfgang Götz. about/director strategies and actions plans.

‘Thanks to reliable and comparable information’, he ‘The EMCDDA is a key information source for adds, ‘we are now able to speak with confidence on assessing the drug situation and responses to it at the scale of the problem, and offer Member States the level of the Member States.’ and the Community a greater understanding of Source: Final evaluation of the EU drugs interventions that work. Today the EMCDDA provides action plan 2005–08 policymakers with the data they need for drawing up informed drug laws and strategies and helps those working in the field pinpoint best practice’.

Strong mechanisms now exist in Europe to ensure regular and rapid drug monitoring. An extensive Identifying Europe’s regional network (Reitox), created and steered by information needs for the EMCDDA, gathers comparable drug information effective drug policy from some 30 countries. And an EU early-warning www.emcdda.europa.eu/ system issues alerts on new and potentially 15years threatening substances entering the illicit market, paving the way for the EU institutions and Member EMCDDA work States to act on them. programmes www.emcdda.europa.eu/ Since the EMCDDA began its reporting, the nature publications/work- of Europe’s drugs problem has evolved, with new programmes challenges appearing in recent years. These include the growth in cocaine and polydrug use and, as New EMCDDA premises, Lisbon suppliers circumvent controls, changes in the type www.emcdda.europa.eu/contact and number of new and emerging illicit substances. The challenge ahead is to keep pace with such change and offer policymakers the most recent picture of the issues they now face. The agency’s yearly update on the European drug phenomenon is presented in its Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe. Commission guide guide Commission

acian Cioloş’ extensive farming credentials ensured that the 40 CAP in hand year old Romanian enjoyed development rural and Agriculture a relatively pain-free confirmation hearing. A former agriculture minister, Cioloş New agriculture commissioner Dacian Cioloş hopes to strike a Dclearly understood his audience, and during his opening remarks, underlined to MEPs, balance between market liberalisation and EU intervention as reform the message that as a farmer himself, he of the common agricultural policy comes under the spotlight understood the needs, hopes and fears of Europe’s farming community. “I worked on farms, both in Romania and in other EU member states; I have worked on small family holdings and on large farms; I was in contact with farmers and professional organisations at local level, I have worked in national and European public administration and also at the decision-making, political level,” he said. Having established that he was a farmer’s farmer, someone who MEPs, with their new-found powers under the Lisbon treaty, could do business with, Cioloş grasped the thorny issue of the future reform of the common agricultural policy (CAP), saying “European farmers want stability and predictability, European consumers expect safe and healthy food and European taxpayers need assurance that their money is spent in an efficient and transparent way.” Expect a balanced approach to CAP reform was Cioloş’ underlying message, an approach that can combine the role of the open market, with the need to protect farmers against market failures. When pressed by Socialist deputy Luis Manuel Capoulas Santos on contradictions between Cioloş’ written comments to MEPs on the need for CAP reform and his comments to the press that the €55bn agricultural programme, needed “simple adjustments”, the Romanian laid his cards on the table. “I’m a reformer,” he said, “the CAP needs reformed.” But to the obvious relief of the majority of MEPs on the committee, he added, “reform does not mean reducing financial support, but adapting it to tackle the new challenges.” Cioloş told deputies that structural reform of the CAP was necessary, but made it clear he is opposed to any deep cuts in the policy’s budget, as proposed in the commission’s leaked “non-paper” last year. “If it were just

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 125 Commission guide guide Commission Agriculture and rural development rural and Agriculture

FACTFILE Mandate The key challenge of the agriculture portfolio will be developing proposals for the future of the CAP post-2013. Strengthening rural development policy and improvements to the food supply chain as well as food security, the environment and protection of the countryside as well as facing new challenges such as climate change are also key up to me, I can assure you we would have a proven their worth and “had a role to play” in issues within the portfolio. Also high on the agenda lot more money,” he said, adding “We can’t maintaining the stability of farmers’ income. will be the promotion of EU agriculture in the build the new CAP without a commensurate “The CAP needs to be reformed and global trade environment budget.” His promise will have disappointed reform does not mean reducing financial those seeking significant cuts to the CAP support, but adapting it to tackle new chal- from 2014, but the desire to expose Europe’s lenges.” Cioloş has made a robust defence of Cabinet

farming to the vagaries of the open market direct payments, albeit in some new format Head: Georg Haeusler (02 296 1082) has lost some of its lustre as EU member Deputy head: Sorin Moisa (02 298 6401) Spokesperson: Roger Waite (02 299 2421)

states struggle to pull themselves out of European farmers want Europe’s worst recession since the 1930s. Last Members: Yves Madre (02 295 1920), Ico Von year’s protests by farmers over the collapse of stability and predictability, Wedel (02 295 7327), Andrzej Dycha (02 298 milk prices, forced the commission to inter- 9492), Alexandra Catalao (02 295 3291), Alina vene in the market, though it did manage to European consumers “ expect Ujupan (02 299 6043) stand firm on restoring milk quotas. Growing safe and healthy food and fears over market volatility and new threats European taxpayers need such as food security are likely to ensure that “ View from parliament the EU maintains a firm hand in the market. assurance that their money “Dacian Cioloş has the professional qualifications “The market has to continue to play its role,” required to become a commissioner. His many said Cioloş. “But we cannot afford crisis that is spent in an efficient and years of experience in agriculture and his are irreversibly affecting the stability of entire transparent way responsibilities in the offices he held previously sectors of European agriculture.” He said he in the Romanian government and in other public did not want to return to “old market regula- services in this field mean that he is particularly well qualified for the post of commissioner for tion mechanisms”, but that new mechanisms that achieves a fairer balance between old Agriculture. The general outcome… is that the to prevent “price fluctuations” needed to be and new EU member states. This, along commissioner-designate gave a very convincing debated and implemented. “We need regula- with modernisation and bureaucratic reform impression of his aptitude to be a member of the tory measures not against the market, but to at member state level, will likely intensify College of commissioners and to carry out the make it function better… in certain sectors, fears in some EU capitals, such as London, specific tasks assigned to him.” subsidies can be maintained,” he said. that he is, as French president Nicolas Paolo de Castro chair of parliament’s agriculture No surprise then that Cioloş is a fan of Sarkozy described him, “France’s second committee direct payments to farmers, arguing they had commissioner”.

126 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 A:IÉH

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H6;:ANH:8JG>C<:JGDE:ÉH;DD9HJEEAN :8E6#:J parliament NEWS

Outcry over EU parliament’s rejection of Swift

The European parliament has be an interim arrangement which would need renegotiating in put itself on a potentially dam- nine months. aging collision course with the Many deputies were incensed over the perceived failure by commission and member states the other EU institutions to consult parliament over the deal, after rejecting the EU-US data amd they were quick to react to the vote in Strasbourg, with transfer deal. Three of the assem- Maltese deputy Busuttil saying it was “deeply regrettable”. The bly’s main political groups joined EPP unsuccessfully sought a postponement to the vote which, he forces earlier this month to vote said, “would have ensured a strong mandate for negotiating the Swift rapporteur against the interim agreement. The Socialist, Liberal and Green definitive agreement by adding further guarantees, thus striking a Jeanine Hennis- groups voted against, with the EPP and ECR groups in favour. better balance for the safeguard of our citizens’ civil rights”. Plasschaert It followed last minute appeals by senior US officials, including New EU home affairs commissioner Cecilia Malmström said, secretary of state Hillary Clinton who had called parliament’s “I remain convinced that the programme enhances the security president Jerzy Buzek in a bid to secure MEP support. The of our citizens: it would be the role of the commission to make outcome represents a setback to EU-US security links, with sure that all the relevant safeguards for EU citizens’ privacy and Simon Busuttil, EPP coordinator in the civil liberties, justice and data protection are duly included in any possible future agree- home affairs committee, warning it leaves a “security gap in the ment.” Added Malmström, “In spite of this setback, I hope we intelligence services tracking terrorist activities”. will be able to agree a text in the near future that will give us MEPs backed a report by Dutch Liberal MEP Jeanine greater security, more data protection and a useful cooperation Hennis-Plasschaert by 378 votes to 196, which says the EU tool with US authorities.” Socialist leader Martin Schulz was should shelve the deal and produce a new draft with improved jubilant, saying, “Our opposition has always been construc- privacy guarantees. The deal would have allowed US treasury tively driven towards improving the current agreement. We now officials access to European records of bank transfers via Swift, expect the US and EU governments to come to terms with our an international bank transfer consortium. It was intended to determination and call on the commission to immediately start Buzek set for rapprochement trip to Beijing

Parliament’s president is to make a “groundbreak- directly to his counterparts in China.” Parliament’s ing” visit to China in the spring, it has been delegation for relations with China will exchange revealed. Jerzy Buzek will meet high-ranking views with China’s EU ambassador Zhe Song Chinese officials and NGOs during the trip to this week. The news came after a leading human Beijing in May. Details of his week-long visit, rights NGO voiced concern over speculation that starting on 25 May, are still under wraps. But a the EU presidency is to call for a lifting of the source at China’s EU mission told the Parliament arms embargo against China. The embargo was Magazine that it is seen as being “symbolically” imposed in response to China’s suppression of the important. “It is an opportunity to help build Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. It is a divisive bridges between Beijing and the parliament,” said question in the EU with some countries keen on the source. Relations between Beijing and Brussels lifting the embargo and others opposed. suffered a setback following MEP criticism of China’s military But a decision to lift the ban would require unanimity among response to the uprising in Tibet. They deteriorated further when the EU’s 27 members, something they achieved last year when the Dalai Lama, the Tibetan spiritial leader, was invited to address they lifted an arms sales ban on Uzbekistan in spite of continuing a plenary session. Buzek’s upcoming visit is seen as an effort to concerns about human rights violations in that country. Willy improve relations ahead of an EU-China summit in Beijing later Fautre, of the Brussels-based NGO Human Rights Without this year. But Buzek will come under pressure from European Frontiers International, has cautioned against lifting of the ban. NGOs and senior MEPs, such as Edward McMillan-Scott, to He said, “We are seriously concerned about persistent rumours raise EU concerns about China’s record on human rights. A par- saying that Spain and France are ready to compromise on human liamentary insider said, “This is a ground-breaking trip because rights in China for the sake of ‘business first’ and to persuade the it offers an opportunity for a senior parliament figure to speak EU to lift the arms embargo on China.”

128 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 newsanalysis 129

MAGAZINE Outgoing Committee of the Regions president den Van Brande Luc congratulates his successor, Mercedes Bresso PARLIAMENT 22 February 2010

EU parliament voting success The EPP has also done worse than in the last legislature on legislature last the in than worse done also has EPP The The Socialist group, now down to 188 members, has EPP EPP member and president of the Spanish region of Murcia, A A survey of parliamentary voting records since European elections shows last that the June’s VoteWatch European The Party People’s wants. it result the secure always not does (EPP) it found has biggest, parliament’s again once group, the says poll in in size increasing despite majority a to winning gain harder as Its a record of coalition member the winning the elections. is, according to the independent website VoteWatch.eu par- it where has been on votes poor in the budget losing ticularly the In term. current the during votes the of cent per 21 in side last parliament, in contrast, the EPP lost in only 8.5 per cent of budget votes. civil The liberties, but cent). per continues (87.5 to issues win policy the security and most foreign votes on of groups all the survey of voting patterns in the first six months of this parliament shows that ALDE have been on the winning side most replacing per (90.7 cent), of groups frequently all the political the EPP as in the voting “winner” previous outcomes. improved its winning record, most significantly votes, but also on on agriculture budget and civil liberties. The Greens/ fourth have parliament’s biggest improved their group, EFA, on and civil budget of side” on votes “winning the percentage liberties A the issues. “Although spokesman said, Votewatch EPP has its increased share of it MEPs, still finds it harder to make allies at the of centre and the spectrum has political lost slightly more votes (as a percentage) than in the previous legislature.” group dominance ‘not reflected’ EPP ‘not group reflected’ dominance in use of jargon, sayinguse “can of it be a jargon, barrier to the external world”. hold will He vice-president. first as elected was Siso, Luis Ramón the between to an agreement according when, 2012 until office CoR’s PES and EPP groups, he will take over the presidency. Siso call reiterated Bresso’s for closer regional involvement at all “I levels, saying, liked morning this heard I what and this afternoon, and I hope it will continue in the We have CoR. an agreement with the - com mission which allows us to communicate more effectively with it.”

simply not acceptable to to have for vote the whole commission when there are such serious concerns about certain individuals.” Socialist spokesman on budgetary Jens Geier also control described Semeta as “inadequate” following his hearing.

EU commissioners

group ‘still concerned’ over over concerned’ ‘still group

Bresso, whose Bresso, mandate lasts for years, two-and-a-half said C stand how the EU influences their lives. She the stand how also the criticised their lives. EU influences to “unravel terminology” for EU citizens to help them under- means should it be re-nationalised.” Bresso highlighted the need need the highlighted Bresso re-nationalised.” be it should means allay fears over the future of the cohesion policy,” she said. “By no“By said. she policy,” cohesion the of future the over fears allay the improvement of Europe’s cohesion policy. “I hope that I can that “I hope policy. cohesion Europe’s of improvement the hauled Lisbon strategy, the fight against climate change and her policy objectives would focus on the launch of an - over said. “Hopefully the said. dialogue will open right away.” following the long ratification process of the Lisbon treaty,” she treaty,” of the Lisbon process ratification the long following us to be contributing at local level to getting the EU going again, again, going EU the getting localto level at contributing be to us was elected to the head of the body earlier this “I month. want Piedmont region in Italy and the Socialist candidate for the post, post, the for candidate Socialist the and Italy in region Piedmont of the Committee of the Regions (CoR). Bresso, president of theof president Bresso, (CoR). Regions the of Committee the of Mercedes Bresso has announced her priorities as new president as new president her priorities has announced Bresso Mercedes was another reason why the group abstained,” he said. “It is executive. “The shortcomings of the current nomination system system nomination current the of shortcomings “The executive. vote vote on each commissioner-designate rather than the whole the commission is approved, saying MEPs should be able to ECR group will, in future, insist on a radical shake-up in how shake-up a on radical insist in future, will, group ECR that both remain unsuitable for their portfolios.” He said that for the both unsuitable their remain portfolios.” group’s abstention” in “There the is saying, vote, abstention” a group’s real belief they they were “the two main causes of concern which led to the A A well-placed ECR source told the Parliament Magazine commissioner commissioner László Andor. and customs commissioner Algirdas Semeta and employment that the two commissioners causing most concern are taxation cerns” over certain members of It over members certain his has team. now emerged cerns” - “con to due executive new the endorse to unable felt it Barroso, that that while it supported commission president José Manuel the new commission, it has The emerged. group initially said decision decision of parliament’s ECR group to abstain in the vote on Ongoing concern over two EU commissioners lay behind the lay behind two over EU commissioners concern Ongoing New CoR president announces policy plans

new E Mental health

at risk, and neurodegenerative disorders “By 2020, are on the rise due to demographic ageing in Europe. depression Mental ill health indeed embodies will be various challenges for society: it causes deep human suffering for patients, families the most and carers. Furthermore, it puts an impor- widespread tant economic burden on society, due to absence from work, incapacity for work illness in and early retirement. Finally, mental illness western also confronts Europe with an ethical challenge because it often leads to stigma- societies” tisation and social exclusion of patients. For the European parliament, the promotion of mental health has been a longstanding issue. For several years, members such as my former colleague John Bowis have been pushing hard to get mental health on the European political agenda. The mental health conference held under the Finnish presidency (1999) was an important breakthrough for the promotion and visibility of mental health in the EU. It paved the way for subsequent conferences, for the commission’s 2005 green paper and for the 2008 European pact. Though the pact is far from a legally binding document, it is correctly considered as an important achievement. Clearly, we have come a long way: the discourse on mental health has shifted towards prevention, mental health promotion, de-institutionalisation and sharing best practices in order to Matters of overcome existing inequalities between member states. We are at a crossroads. The main challenge ahead is putting theory into practice and ensuring that all European citizens confronted with mental health problems receive the best possible support at the right time. In the end, what is needed is strong political will from both member states and the EU to invest the mind more in mental health. Despite the high prevalence of mental ill health and its large impact on society and the economy, recent numbers indicate that only very few countries spend a convincing Frieda Brepoels is calling on the EU to invest amount of their health budgets on mental health. more in mental health and wellbeing In its 2009 resolution, parliament argued that the EU could do more to use the funding facilities of the seventh framework programme for mental health and wellbeing. In addition to more ens sana in corpore sano. Though the Roman investment, we equally need to strive for a smarter and more poet Juvenal already advocated a comprehen- efficient use of existing means, especially in the area of R&D, by sive understanding of “health”, until recent pushing for a coordinated European approach. The largest share Frieda Brepoels is years, this has often been narrowed down to of public investment in research still occurs without European vice-chair of the merely physical health. Alarming numbers, coordination, which inevitably leads to fragmentation and costly Alzheimer alliance however, are forcing a change to this mindset. overlaps. in the European InM the EU, one in four people experience mental health prob- This year is the European year for combating poverty and parliament and lems at least once in their lives, and many more are indirectly social exclusion. In light of the current financial and economic observer for the affected. With almost 60,000 deaths each year, suicide remains crisis, when governments are more likely to cut down on mental parliament in an important cause of premature death in Europe. By 2020, health budgets, and in view of the discussion on the new 2020 the platform on depression will be the most widespread illness in western societ- strategy, parliament will remain vigilant to ensure that the actions depression ies. Moreover, vulnerable groups like disabled citizens are more of the pact are thoroughly implemented.

130 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 news analysis

A coordinated approach

Brain diseases are not a high enough priority for policymakers, writes Celso Arango

espite the fact that brain diseases are responsible “Schizophrenia is one of the for a greater burden of disease than cancer or cardiovascular disorders, funding for research most devastating and costly on the brain and its diseases in no way reflect mental disorders in Europe the importance of this area of human health. Brain research funding in 2005 amounted to no in terms of human suffering Dmore than one per cent of the annual cost of these diseases to and societal expenditure” the European economy, and Europe lags far behind the US in recognising the need for more research. Clearly brain diseases, of which mental illnesses are the age, are or have been affected by at least one mental disorder most costly to European society, are not a high enough prior- in the past 12 months. Among those, more than four million ity for politicians, the media, or the general public. In addition, suffer from schizophrenia. Schizophrenia represents around research in mental health is fragmented and schizophrenia two per cent of all government healthcare expenditure in research is unfortunately no exception. It is on this back- Europe, mainly due to unemployment. In addition to the ground that the Spanish Brain Council and the European direct burden, there is considerable burden on the relatives Brain Council co-organised the conference entitled ‘A focus who care for the sufferers. on persons with schizophrenia and European society’, which Schizophrenia is one of the most devastating and costly takes place in Madrid this week. mental disorders in Europe in terms of human suffering and European scientific experts on schizophrenia, along with societal expenditure. Less than one-fifth of patients with patient and family associations and industry, will spend two schizophrenia work or marry. Schizophrenia decreases life days discussing what we know, what we need to know and expectancy by 15 years, some 50 per cent of patients try to how to acquire that knowledge in the field of schizophrenia. commit suicide and 15 per cent succeed in killing themselves. The forum will discuss the next steps in research, as well as The diagnosis of schizophrenia is associated with alterations in the delineation of research programmes that integrate the brain structure and neurotransmission, related to the presence basic and clinical neurosciences, and how public policy must of psychotic symptoms (hallucinations and delusions). Current respond in order to meet patient needs. treatments are effective in treating psychotic symptoms and Dr Celso Arango The annual forums of the European Brain Council have preventing relapses but do not improve symptoms more related is scientific become an important and fruitful way to bring together to function and quality of life, such as negative symptoms like a director of the patient organisations, the pharmaceutical industry and the lack of social relationships, or cognitive problems, such as defi- Mental Health scientific community to define future challenges. Previous cits in attention or processing speed. However, to make further Spanish Network, forums have focussed on Parkinson’s disease and depression. progress in treatment, the need for a coordinated European (CIBERSAM) and It should be highlighted that mental disorders account for approach to promote and integrate research in the biological, a member of the nearly one-fourth of all disease burden and premature death. epidemiological, and social aspects of mental health, remains a Spanish Brian About 27 per cent of the adult EU population, 18-65 years of matter of urgency. Council

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 131 For some reason, there is e-scrap that never reaches us

So what we do get, we recycle to the maximum

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ad210x270Einstein.indd 1 29-05-2009 11:41:56 ne w s analysis

Waste not want not

The illegal shipping of unwanted electronics means a loss of secondary raw materials and an increase in overseas pollution levels, argues Karl-Heinz Florenz “A UN study found that the manufacturing of a computer and its screen takes at least 240kg of aste of electric and electronic equipment is one fossil fuels, 22kg of chemicals and 1.5 tonnes of the fastest growing waste streams in the EU. of water – more than the weight of a car” Fast technical changes and even planned obso- lescence of products produced eight to nine million tonnes of waste. And this stream is pollution and groundwater contamination as well as serious The WEEE man growing. Some calculations expect more than health problems. (shown above)is a robotic figure made 12 million tonnes of electronic waste by 2020. Take, for example, So, what can we do about this? The best answer is a high col- W of scrap electrical mobile phones: more than one billion were sold worldwide in lection target. At the moment member states have to reach 4kg equipment. At over 2006 and in 2008 this figure reached almost 1.2 billion. By the per inhabitant per year of separately collected waste electronic seven metres tall, end of 2008 more than four billion mobile phone users existed products. Some member states like Sweden, Germany and he represents the worldwide. What implication does this have? Austria have reached this target by far. Others have reported average amount of One million mobile phones contain 250kg of silver, 24kg of nothing, or an amount which is close to nothing. However, one eProducts a single gold, 9kg of palladium and nine tonnes of copper. Recycling has to note that these figures are from 2005 and 2006 when the person throws away would therefore recover a lot of secondary raw materials. The target was not mandatory. over a lifetime collection of electric and electronic waste is not for its own Nonetheless it is not a suitable measurement as every member sake but to handle our limited resources responsibly. This is state has a differing amount of electronic and electric products the reason why I rather prefer to speak of “resources” rather sold in their markets. Therefore, a European wide percent- than of “waste”. age target, linked to the amount of sold products, seems to be Finally, the production of these devices has a bigger envi- more useful. Moreover, the target has to be challenging for the ronmental burden than the production of other household member state, as the only way to oblige them to control and materials. A UN study found that the manufacturing of a com- monitor disposal routes. puter and its screen takes at least 240kg of fossil fuels, 22kg of The control of this lies solely within the competence of the chemicals and 1.5 tonnes of water - more than the weight of a member state, and the way they reach the target – either through car. The illegal shipping of unwanted electronic products out of giving incentives or setting up bans – should not be decided by Europe leaves us losing out on this large amount of secondary the European legislator. Every nation has different habits in raw materials. Most of this old equipment ends up in Africa, handling waste, and not every method would work effectively particularly Ghana and Nigeria. In 2005, 15,000 tonnes of in every country. colour televisions ended up there. This is the reason why a “one size fits all” solution does not Karl-Heinz Florenz Once they reach Africa they are often treated in a way seem right. However, in order to meet the final target – of avoid- is parliament’s that is risky for human health and the environment, such as ing the harm of human beings and the environment and at the rapporteur on the uncontrolled burning and disassembly in order to get hold same time preventing the waste of resources – member states recast of the WEEE of the precious metals inside. This results in atmospheric have to be challenged to do more. directive

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 133 WEEE DIRECTIVE

Show your mettle The recast of the legislation on end-of-life electronic goods needs to better reflect market differences, writes Julie Girling

his week, MEPs in parliament’s environment commit- electronics market. The executive has taken a one-size-fits-all tee will debate changes to the rules for how electronic approach which some say fails to take into account, for example, waste is managed in the EU as we discuss the long- the disparity in lifecycles between different product types. awaited report from rapporteur Karl-Heinz Florenz DG Environment has proposed a collection target of 65 per on the recast of the waste electrical and electronic cent of all electrical and electronic equipment placed on the equipment (WEEE) directive. market in the preceding two years. However this may not reflect TThe original directive, adopted in 2003, introduced a number the habits of consumers, which ultimately decide the type and of sweeping measures for managing waste items such as fridges, quantities of the electrical waste collected; while consumers may cookers and computers, including binding collection targets and change their mobile phone every year, they will use a washing free-of-charge collection facilities for consumers. machine for 10 years or more. To date, the directive has achieved some notable successes: We also need to address the issue of who should pay for man- since 2005 two million tonnes of equipment have been diverted agement of waste electronic equipment. One proposal suggests from disposal every year via the take-back schemes established that producers should cover the cost for collecting used appli- by manufacturers. This has major economic and environmental ances from households at end-of-life. The price for this service benefits: the commission has estimated the value of raw materials may have to be added to the original cost of the appliance and such as platinum in equipment at €2bn per year. this is obviously causing concerns for manufacturers as well as Julie Girling is Nevertheless, the legislation needs to be improved. Barely consumers. However, we must also assess the costs that local a member of a third of waste electronic equipment is currently processed authorities may face when striving to meet collection targets. parliament’s through producer take-back schemes. Worse, we have little idea A number of potential solutions to the challenges exist. In environment, as to how the majority of electrical waste is treated at all. terms of collection targets, it may be that a graded approach public health The commission’s proposals to change the system, released in is needed, rather than the flat collection rate proposed by the and food safety December 2008, need adjustment in order to effectively manage commission. For example, experience shows that consumers committee the sophisticated and highly-segmented nature of the consumer are likely to simply throw a hairdryer into the household bin, when in fact even small hand-held electrical appliances must be dealt with properly. This needs to be addressed. We also need to assess the possibility of an obligation for anyone who handles waste electronics to register and adhere to requirements for treating it responsibly. Some of the proposals on the table will improve functioning, for example, creating a European definition of a producer will help correct some anomalies and lead to greater legal certainty. Making national waste registers inter- “Barely a third of waste electronic operable is also a welcome effort to reduce equipment is currently processed the bureaucratic burden of the directive. MEPs now have the chance to improve through producer take-back the situation. We should be looking to schemes. Worse, we have little collect as much waste electronic equipment as possible; both for the good of the idea as to how the majority of environment and to harness what could electrical waste is treated at all” be a significant source of resource wealth for the EU.

134 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010

DESTINY AND PROSPECTS OF THE ORGANIZATION FOR SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE (OSCE) by Nursultan Nazarbayev, President of Kazakhstan

Today OSCE is considered as one of the including the Aral Sea and the former most authoritative platforms to represent Semipalatinsk nuclear test range issues. a vast geographical and political space Development of the OSCE’s transport and to evolve through collaboration and communications potential will also with new, ambitious and dynamically be among the priorities of Kazakhstan’s developing regional organizations. chairmanship. Due to geographical, historical and economic juncture, Central Active collaboration with such Asian countries possess a huge trade and organizations and projects as CIS, CSTO, transit potential. Central Asia is a vast and EurAsEC, SCO, and CICA can give a new promising region that can turn into a stable impulse to OSCE activity and open new and secure bridge between the West and horizons and map out new goals. the East. Successful implementation of the Path to Europe state program to focus I firmly believe that chairmanship of on urgent issues of transit, transportation Kazakhstan in OSCE can lay down a and logistics, is of critical need. foundation for enhanced relationship between the East and the West whilst Up to date, Kazakhstan has taken decisive strengthening of mutual trust. OSCE is steps to modernize its legislation on an optimal platform to bring the Corfu elections, political parties, mass media process to the fore whilst opening a forum and local administration for securing of for strategically important initiatives its commitment to adhere to democratic uture is taking shape today. OSCE including the European Security Treaty. values; it adopted the National Human with its vast territory that stretches Rights Action Plan for 2009-2012, passed Ffrom Vancouver to Vladivostok has As a trans-national organization that the law on Gender Equality; and raised to resolve the most complex and urgent unites Europe, Asia and North America, awareness of domestic violence including global issues. OSCE is responsible to comprehend and protection of children’s rights. offer support for cross-border security I consider our chairmanship in OSCE issues. We cannot treat security issues of Today, the issues of inter-ethnic and as our strategic national project and our states separately from those of our inter-faith relations as well as illegal labor opportunity to give it a new breath, a new neighbors and Kazakhstan cosponsors migration stand high in the OSCE agenda. impetus and a new sparkle. Kazakhstan anti-terrorist projects for strengthening As a multi-national and multi-religious fully realizes that a twelve-month period of the borders. state Kazakhstan is fully committed to the is not enough to address whole range of ideas of inter-cultural and inter-civilization issues that OSCE faces. We strongly believe that stabilization in dialogue and intends to use the OSCE’s Afghanistan can be implemented through influence to overcome nationalism, Today’s OSCE challenges include, among active involvement and closer cooperation religious intolerance, racism, xenophobia the others, modification of military and of regional organizations. OSCE acts as a and anti-Semitism. Kazakhstan aims to political balance in the Continent, ‘frozen’ and link to support humanitarian projects. We achieve these objectives in collaboration ‘protracted’ conflicts, the status of the Treaty already allocated USD 50 million to teach with CICA, SCO, EurAsEC, OIC and on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe. 1,000 Afghans at primary Kazakhstani TURKSOI. universities and colleges. Under auspices Global financial economic crisis of the OSCE chairmanship, we will OSCE Summit provides member states with highlighted the ongoing need for the encourage the other OSCE member a unique opportunity to define the most OSCE and necessity to join efforts of all countries to develop similar programs. important priorities of the Organization for countries for creating of a new, fairer and the foreseeable future. Next OSCE summit in more stable world order with G-8 and G-20 During its chairmanship, Kazakhstan will Astana will discuss development of common to reinforce such a positive message. focus on environmental security issues, security architecture, implementation of the Corfu process, rehabilitation Kazakhstan calls on all OSCE states to and reconstruction of Afghanistan. show their readiness to act in favor Kazakhstan proposes including of of common interests and for the sake progress of the Action Program to ensure of collective goals and priorities, inter-ethnic and inter-faith harmony. implementation of which will support and strengthen the OSCE and foster trust Kazakhstan has carefully appraised its and respect for the Organization. ambitious goals and objectives, and considered them critical for achieving of more developed international and legal status of the OSCE.

or the first time in the history of OSCE, a former interreligious conflicts … Neither state, even the largest Soviet Union country with predominant Muslim and powerful, can never cope with it alone without a Fpopulation is at head of this regional institution. consensus and support of partners. All are wondering. I fully agree with President Nazarbayev, who calls and What this country is going to do? urges the international community to consolidate Whether it will withstand high responsibility and can forces for finding wise and fair solutions on all these confront various challenges and threats? issues. Could it instil a fresh blood into the veins of Organization? I also share his opinion on necessity of strengthening interaction of various regional institutions and I The article «Destiny and Prospects of the OSCE» by the welcome readiness of Astana to continue playing the Paul Wille President Nazarbayev gives clear and sensible answers role of a strong platform for the inter-institutional and Senator of Belgium to all these questions. super-regional dialogue. Vice-Chairman of the Parliamentary Assembly I can only welcome aspiration of your country to give a I am confident that Kazakhstan, by using of its of the Council of Europe new breath and new momentum to the OSCE. experience, achievements and multidimensional foreign policy, can contribute to strengthening of In fact, a term of office for this huge activity is quite security in Europe in all aspects or ‘baskets’ if speaking short, which obligates Kazakhstan to act dynamically in the OSCE language. and it has proved such capability in the last years. Moreover, I wish to put special focus on the issues of The author of this publication, while turning to the OSCE the second and the third dimensions of the OSCE, as history, has shown its achievements and vulnerable they are part of my parliamentary activity. points, which could be strengthen by current and future presidencies. I am speaking of interethnic and inter-confessional accord, about economic and environmental recovery. There is no future without a history as well as there will be no success without collective work. In these areas, Kazakhstan has made enormous efforts and now time has come to use its experience as a model The economic and financial crisis that disturbed our life by the other participating states of the OSCE. and disclosed our weaknesses was a proof to that. In addition to that, I wish that gradually implementing This severe crisis is an addition to the other major democratic reforms in Kazakhstan could be the challenges both old and quite new ones: occupational example for its neighbors. bias of terrorism, drug trafficking, interethnic and KAZAKHSTAN: PUTTING THE SPARKLE BACK INTO THE OSCE

he OSCE has emerged in the new world order Afghan students in leading Kazakh colleges and as the world’s largest security organisation, universities, is a classic example of President Tpositioned uniquely in the contemporary Nazarbayev’s core belief that the pen is mightier global security environment. than the sword and that military intervention alone cannot resolve the smouldering conflict in President Nursultan Nazarbayev of Kazakhstan, the Afghanistan. country currently holding the rotating Chairmanship of the OSCE, noted wisely in his article “Destiny As President Nazarbayev said in his article, the and Prospects of OSCE” that the Organization has environment and ecology is a field where the lost some of its sparkle in recent years. President impact of mismanaged natural resources may Nazarbayev regards Kazakhstan’s year in office as quickly spill over and exacerbate inter and even an opportunity to restore that sparkle and rekindle intra-state tensions. Nowhere is this more evident the dynamism of which the OSCE is capable. than Central Asia. From land degradation to water STRUAN STEVENSON, management infrastructure, the MEP Unquestionably, President ecological problems involving Conservative Euro MP for Scotland Nazarbayev is the person ideally As the first Central Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, suited to this task. He is a builder. Asian state to hold the Turkmenistan and Tajikistan are In under two decades he has built manifold. Personal Representative OSCE Chairmanship, on Ecology and Kazakhstan into the most dynamic “ Environment to the and buoyant nation in Central Asia. Kazakhstan is We have seen the dramatic Chairman in Office of He has built a new, exciting capital strategically degradation of the Aral and Caspian the OSCE city in Astana. And he has built an placed and opens Seas. But water use, trans-border international reputation for his the window to supply issues and their impact on country as a multi-national and agriculture, industry and human multi-religious state committed engagement in new consumption, are key issues which to inter-cultural and inter-ethnic developments in I will study in my role as Personal harmony. Central Asia Representative on Ecology and Environment to the OSCE Chairman In this light, I fully agree that the Chairmanship in Office. I will also look at soil contamination and of the OSCE by Kazakhstan offers an exceptional ”waste from uranium mining and the catastrophic opportunity to tackle the global problems of legacy of the Soviet nuclear tests in the Polygon economic recession, the fight against extremism around Semipalatinsk in Eastern Kazakhstan. and terrorism, the ongoing conflict in Afghanistan and the issues of freedom, democracy and human As President Nazarbayev pointed out in his article, rights. it is ten years since the last OSCE summit and the time is now ripe for another major summit meeting, As the first Central Asian state to hold the OSCE bringing together the 56 member states of the Chairmanship, Kazakhstan is strategically placed OSCE to sum up the progress and discuss current and opens the window to engagement in new global issues in Astana. President Nazarbayev developments in Central Asia. In particular, has seized the torch of OSCE leadership with Kazakhstan’s decision, despite the global economic enthusiasm. Now is our chance to build on those meltdown, to allocate $50 million to educating solid foundations. newsanalysis 139

MAGAZINE icosia, the Nicosia, Markos Kyprianou is foreign affairs minister of the Republic of Cyprus UN secretary general Ban Ki-moon shakes hands with Cyprus' President Dimitris and Christofias (L), Cypriot Turkish leader Mehmet (R) Talat on Ali 1 February 2010 in divided capital of the ethnically split Cyprus PARLIAMENT 22 February 2010 The The EU has been unanimous on this. The council last Cypriots alike. CypriotsNone of alike. these is does possible not Turkey if alter its current stance. support to actively Turkey that it commitment expects underlined December Ankara’s that adding while negotiations ongoing the and contribution in concrete terms to such a set- comprehensive to contribute therefore, upon, is called Turkey is crucial. tlement creation the to just not settlement, a finding to terms concrete in of a of role key climate the conducive underlined also to parliament reaching European such the a recently, settlement. More in Turkey achieving a settlement to the Cyprus Whatproblem. knows Turkey only too well is that its accession to the EU runs anThis should give of the Cyprus the solution through problem. The role of to the Ankara. motivation adequate EU cannot be a inevitably, Cyprus is an EU member state and, underestimated. functional and viable settlement is in the interest of the EU as a within fully to function to be in a position needs Cyprus whole. the EU in the era, and post-solution the EU needs to ensure to of difficulties the settlement willthat the provisions not create functionality and viability The process. making decision Europe’s a be would it and importance tremendous of is agreement the of our On carpet. the under problem the sweep just to mistake grave functional and viable to find a just, of our course, priority part, is, canbeonlythis Undoubtedly, Cyprusthe problem. to settlement the target EU’s as well. is cautiously optimistic about the prospects of reaching a he he two communities in Cyprus have been involved a now than for year more talks direct in reinvigorated with the aim of a reaching to settlement the Cyprus determined been has solution a for basis The problem. and provides for a bizonal, as by defined the UN relevant bicommunal equality, with political federation

However, one However, ought to keep in mind that Cyprus remains The The concept of is however, local of ownership, essence due What is different from previous efforts is that both sides have restoration restoration of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all Cyprus, the withdrawal of foreign troops from the island and the the and island the from troops foreign of withdrawal the Cyprus, tion of the territory, the people, the economy and the society of and the society the economy the people, of the tion territory, of the solution. of A the viable solution. solution must provide for the - reunifica and reaching a settlement presupposes her willingness to be part part be to willingness her presupposes settlement a reaching and territory of the Republic of Cyprus. Turkey is part of the problem the of part is Turkey Cyprus. of Republic territorythe of pation pation and illegal settling by a foreign country of part of the an international problem created by the militaryinvasion, occu- considered considered to be agreed until everything is agreed. ture ture and parameters of the process and repeated that nothing is boost to the process. At the same time, it re-confirmed the structhe - re-confirmed it time, same the At process. the to boost to Cyprus has given encouragement to the two negotiators and a and negotiators two the to encouragement given has Cyprus to people.In this respect, the recent visit of the UN secretary general general secretary UN the of visit recent the respect, this people.In better prospects for the approval of the settlement by the Cypriotthe by settlement the of approval the for prospects better such a process, leading such to leading offers a an process, solution, agreed negotiated other are time consuming and take longer to be achieved, but true that negotiations where one party is trying to convince the party is one trying to where convince negotiations true that to know what is best for Cypriots than Cypriots themselves. It is is It themselves. Cypriots than Cypriots for best is what know to themselves and future generations. No-one is in a better position position better a in is No-one generations. future and themselves will be called upon to live with the solution and make it work for work it make and solution the with live calledto willbe upon partition for more than 35 years. In the post-settlement era they they era post-settlement the In years. 35 than more for partition have been sufferinghave and de occupation of facto foreign as a result to another highly significant parameter. The people of to Cyprus another parameter. highly significant and arbitration led to the failure of prior attempts at settlement. Cyprus, given the negative experiences of when strict timeframes timeframes strict when of experiences negative the given Cyprus, for the negotiations. These elements are vital to the people of end product of and the negotiations, there will be no timeframe committed committed to the Cypriot ownership of the process and the but remain cautiously optimistic over its prospects. energy has been invested in the ongoing process and we cannot we and cannot process in ongoing the invested been has energy citizenship and single international personality. Much hope and hope Much personality. international single and citizenship security security council resolutions, with a single single sovereignty,

Markos Kyprianou Markos Kyprianou settlement to the but Cyprus says problem, the EU has a key role to play Divided Divided we fall PARLIAMENTARY LIFE

Looking back Astrid Lulling, parliament’s longest-serving MEP, reflects on her time at the cutting edge of European politics

hen I entered into working life, But I have to say that the quality of parliamentary in spring 1949, my first task reports of old would have nothing to envy in for my then employer, the comparison with current legislation – quite the Socialist metalworkers and contrary. Being as we all were national level miners’ union, was to write legislators, our experience, and keen sense of a report on a meeting of the concrete and achievable, were perhaps theW inter-union committee for the interna- paid more attention than they would be today. tionalisation of the Ruhr. A meeting which I It was owing to the quality of the political had not attended. staff of the time, but also due to the position of It included trades unionists from France, strength they occupied relative to their national Germany, Italy, the Benelux countries, the governments, who they were in control of. UK and the US. Most of its western Having been a part of the parliamen- European members had spent the second tary assembly not elected by universal world war in exile, and most of those who direct suffrage for nine years, and then the did not escape the Nazi clutches died European parliament since 1989, I have to in concentration camps. Their collective confess a certain nostalgia for the former personal experience created the unshake- assembly, of which I am the sole survivor. able conviction that a third world war It has to be said that, for having started should be avoided at all costs. “Despite all the problems of out as its youngest member in 1965, I am I don’t know what it was that the EU in the form in which now, in 2010, the most senior. led to this shared faith, but, after Looking back in hindsight, and having another meeting of the inter-union it exists today, European lived through the drama of WWII, committee in Aix-la-Chapelle, it was integration has been a during which I lost two of my three the Schuman declaration of 9 May brothers, I believe that despite all the 1950 that put an end to this initia- blessing for our continent” problems of the EU in the form in which tive and launched another one. The it exists today, European integration has voices of the unionists, however, continued to unite as one, been a blessing for our continent. to monitor and influence the negotiations which led to the I remember, for example, drafting the first report on mater- treaty of Paris. nity rights in 1966. It was number 69. I am pleased today at When Jean Monnet moved into his new office as president the existence of the veritable legal arsenal that is the European of the high authority of the European coal and steel com- legislation on gender equality, developed since 1975. And if munity (ESCS) in Luxembourg’s Place de Metz, we set up too many cases of discrimination still exist on a daily basis, the the ECSC miners’ and steelworkers’ liaison office nearby. I blame lies with the unequal application of juridicial texts and Astrid Lulling was going to stay until 1958, when, the treaty of Rome having regulations, and not with the standard of the European legal is a member come into force, the union’s European secretariat set itself up framework. of parliament’s in Brussels. Even without the peace, or the shot in the arm for equal economic and Having watched European integration take shape since rights for men and women, that it has brought us, I think what monetary affiars 1950, I had the chance to become a European deputy in 1965 we owe Europe is even deeper. I have to say that I rejoice at committee, and within a parliament composed of national level MPs and having been able to contribute my small part, from when I was parliament’s senators. Of course, at the time, the parliamentary assembly young to where I am now, at 80 years of age. My enthusiasm longest serving did not have the same powers of codecision that it has today, for public, and, in particular, European affairs, perhaps comes MEP 45 years later. from this happiness.

140 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 news analysis

new objects was followed by an exhibition in parliament. In February 2008, people working in parliament could admire artworks from the Czech Republic, Estonia and Cyprus. In Hidden April 2009, this was the case with pieces of art from Lithuania, Latvia and Hungary. The latest exhibition of works – that took place on 25 January 2010 – by contemporary artists from the new EU member states focused on works from Poland which further enriched parliament’s already fine collection. The Polish works treasures were chosen from a shortlist drawn up, under the supervision of parliament’s information office in Warsaw, by a panel of Polish experts, parliament’s artistic committee and by the Lidia Geringer de Oedenberg wants former parliament president. But what happens to the paint- MEPs to take notice of the spectacular ings and sculptures once the exhibition ends? Most of the artworks are allocated in the three buildings in artworks around parliament premises Brussels, Strasbourg and Luxembourg. Some of the paintings and sculptures, on the other hand, are ‘hidden’ in parliament’s ot many people who are working in the European stock rooms because there is not enough exhibition space for parliament premises in Brussels, Strasbourg and them (the collection now comprises a total of 363 paintings Luxembourg realise that paintings and sculptures and sculptures). Part of the collection can also be seen in par- – displayed in all three buildings – constitute liament’s information offices around Europe. parliament’s official collection. And as in every This is why I initiated the programme of relocation of the collection, there are some hidden pieces of art. artworks. Soon, some new empty spaces in the Brussels JAN NThe tradition of purchasing and displaying contemporary building will be filled with paintings. Furthermore, one will artworks with a view to promoting the cultural output of the EU be able to visit the Polish corridor of art on the first floor in member states, was started by the president of the first directly the ASP building and admire the paintings which could be elected parliament, Simone Veil. Following a proposal from the seen at the exhibition in January. My aim – as the parliament’s College of Quaestors in 1980, she sought to emulate national quaestor with responsibility for artistic events – is to popularise parliaments’ long-standing practice of displaying outstanding the collection and make the parliament a real patron of art, in works of art. The first programme for the purchase of artworks line with Simone Veil’s initial idea. ran from 1982 to 1989, and the second from 1989 to 1993. A In 2010, the parliament’s collection of works by artists from Lidia Geringer third programme in 1997 brought the campaign of purchases the new member states, which already comprises 59 items, will de Oedenberg from the then 15 member states to a close. be swelled by paintings and sculptures from Malta, Slovenia is quaestor with More recently, after the big enlargement of the EU in 2004, and Slovakia. Let us not miss the opportunity of familiarising responsibility for the parliament quaestor with responsibility for artistic events, ourselves with their cultural heritage during an exhibition in artistic events the artistic committee and parliament president decided to 2010 or 2011. in the European broaden the collection and to add to it paintings and sculptures And, while moving between different floors and rooms in parliament and from 10 new member states. Thus, a new plan of acquisi- parliament, let us sometimes stop and have a look at the mag- chair of the artistic tions was set up for 2007-2010 and, each time, acquiring nificent works that surround us every day. committee

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 141 e-Skills and NGOs: tools for common Europe

The European East of Brussels the gap is increasing between East and West Europe. This gap is defined Commission by the GDP, the civilisation, cultural and solidarity level of the society, the political acknowledged the work of Inforum by awarding players' democratic commitment. it an eInclusion Gold The recently accessed EU countries expected a sudden improvement in Medal in 2008 their wealth, the continued democratisation of politics, and their integration into the Western culture. This did not happen, because the local powers were unable to attain the new civilisation level due to their cultural traditions. Therefore the EU institutions should establish partnerships not only with governments, but also with those non-governmental organisations, opinion leaders that are committed towards European values, Union efforts, and local progress. In South and East Europe still the most important task would be the realisation of a comprehensive information society and economy. The objectives of the 2006 Ministerial Conference of Riga have not been achieved either, the digital divide was not reduced by 50 per cent. The many "ageing well" calls also remained without any echo in this region. Wideband regional access, awareness raising campaigns, education and content service are all missing especially for the elderly (50+), the poor, and the rural inhabitants. In the lack of money the national e-Inclusion programs have not About Inforum been completed, while the developed Europe is already ready to take the next step. In Hungary, Inforum since 1997 considers it to be its task to achieve Inforum (Forum of the Hungarian IT Organizations for Information Society) a non governmental um- that IT be widely used by the society. Inforum in the interest of spreading digital literacy throughout the brella organisation, initiated that the Hungarian Parliament should issue a Parliamentary Decree, society through the publication of books, a series and uniquely in Europe it should establish a Parliamentary Committee for solving the problems of of intergeneration events (Grandchild-Grandparent IT Competitions: 2003 – …), by setting up a user e-Inclusion. Soon the Parliamentary Committee for eInclusion faced that only civil organisations protection office (Inforum-Infomediátor, 2004), a senior committed towards modernisation do hear its call, the state institutions do not. According to the supporting portal (50plusz.NET, 2008) and the establishment of a knowledge base (eInclusion.hu, 2007) opinion of Inforum significant resources and European support for the local civil forces would be assists the spreading of the information society and required for modernisation, in order to achieve that the majority of all the classes of the society equal opportunities. In year 2007 Inforum initiated in Hungary the e-Inclusion Movement, and in year 2008 should become users of the digital world. Fewer declaration and more direct contacts between it launched the Digital Hungary Spring event series. the competent DGs and the organisations would be needed, and an increasing number of Union Inforum actively participated in the establishment of the Office of the IT Commissioner (2000), the IT and tenders could contribute to the success of the local initiatives. Telecommunication Committee of the Hungarian Par- liament (2000), the Ministry of IT and Telecommunica- What could be the real message of the e-skills week in the year of societal solidarity? e-Skills tion (2002), and the Special Parliamentary Committee is a part of the European e-Inclusion policy. For this reason it would be a mistake if the e-skills for e-Inclusion (2008). In year 2009 Inforum prepared its first education film series, which introduces through week would only address the enterprises. The ultimate target is to win the consumers. It would be 30 steps the use of computers, the internet and online important that service providers should not only care about the rich clients, but they should see the services. Inforum recently published its new study: „Open points of view to new Strategy of Information market opportunity in people living with disadvantages, in the elderly and in people living in rural Society: Standard of Living and Profit”. The European regions. The enterprises have to participate in exploring the market and Commission acknowledged the work of Inforum by awarding it an eInclusion Gold Medal in 2008. training the consumers. NGOs represent an example with their responsi-

ble behaviour and actions as regards changing the attitude of the compa- Forum of Hungarian IT Organisations nies, achieving a more global governmental approach, and the training of for Information Society (INFORUM) the consumers. Therefore NGOs are the key to the success of the European Address: 6. (2.em 3.) Juranyi u. 1027 Budapest, Hungary www.inforum.org.hu programs and the e-skills week. e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Mobile: +36 20 95 44 176, +36 30 63 50 171 Gabor Dombi Phone/fax: +36 1 302 72 11 INSIDE EU

sustainable social market economy that is competitive, innovative, and inclusive. ICT is an essential part of this. We must invest in the eSkills of all EU citizens to make The route sure that no-one is left behind as the economy goes digital. Digital literacy and media literacy are crucial components of digital inclusion: people should be In September 2007, the commission adopted a com- able to use computers and the internet, munication on eSkills for the 21st century presenting a while understanding how the web actu- long-term eSkills agenda and including five major action ally works and how to assess the online lines at EU level (2008-2010). The competitiveness to recovery council adopted conclusions on a long-term eSkills information. strategy in November 2007. The competitiveness of Regular internet use in the EU has European industry and social cohesion are dependent grown from 43 per cent in 2005 to 56 on the availability and effective use of ICT and the Improving digital literacy is crucial to per cent in 2008, according to the EU’s knowledge and skills of the European workforce. digital literacy and digital competitive- Shortages and mismatches in the eSkills sector, as Europe’s future, say Antonio Tajani, well as a persistent digital divide, will negatively affect ness reports. Some 43 per cent of the productivity, competitiveness, employment and social Neelie Kroes and Androulla Vassiliou population now use the internet daily, cohesion. As ICT is developing rapidly, eSkills are with higher rates among the young. becoming more important and need to be constantly However, large gaps still remain. People updated. The development of eBusiness is increasing urope is in the midst of the worst financial crisis for aged 65-74, the economically inactive the demand for individuals with creativity and higher- level conceptual skills. decades, but investment in the digital world could and those with the least education are Improving the availability of eSkills involves actions be the key to get us out of it. To make this happen, the most digitally excluded. at both European and national level, in areas ranging EU citizens need to be armed with the right eSkills EU governments said that ICT from education to immigration, taxation to research. to fully take part in the online world, and businesses should be used to build a more inclusive The EU eSkills strategy has made good progress with need to be able to eLiterate their employees. society in their 2006 Riga declaration. several visible achievements. Foresight scenarios on the supply and demand (2010-2015), an analysis What business can compete internationally without tools Since then, the commission’s eInclusion E of the impact of global sourcing and a European like eCommerce and computerised inventories? And don’t we initiative has raised awareness of the eCompetences framework are now available as well as need professionals with world class eSkills to use these tools? importance of eSkills and spread good many multi-stakeholder partnerships. With a wide range These are challenges that will be on the agenda during the approaches to this across Europe. For of pan-European and national events organised, the European eSkills week, which starts on 1 March 2010. The example, the award winning “Computer European eSkills week (1-5 March 2010) will promote awareness of the demand for highly skilled ICT jobs and EU 2020 plan, unveiled by commission president José Manuel literacy basics for a Lithuanian” eCitizen the importance of eSkills in today’s society. Barroso, sets out a blueprint for Europe’s recovery and for a initiative has coached and tutored over

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 143 eSkills week

“We must invest in the eSkills of all EU citizens to make sure that no one is left behind as the economy goes digital”

50,400 Lithuanians to use computers since 2006. More than 85 per cent of these eCitizens (mainly 40-59 year-olds living in small towns) now use a PC at home and share their knowledge with family and friends. This is having a huge impact on individual lives and local economies: giving job seekers access to a wider job pool over the internet, not to mention long-distance training courses. It also provides new business opportunities: people can start to provide new services, or revive flagging businesses by, for example, having a website. Imagine how many more guests a small hotel, pension or bed and breakfast could reach when it is online. Demand for eSkills has boomed in the last decades – there are almost four million ICT professionals in Europe, more than double the level of 1995. These experts increasingly work in fields like the automotive, banking, finance, graphic arts and media sectors – and other ICT user industries – (54.5 per cent) and less than half now work in the traditional ICT industry Antonio Tajani is EU commissioner for industry and entrepreneurship (45.5 per cent). While these numbers are a good basis for building a com- But our education and training systems have not kept up petitive knowledge economy, they are not enough. With the with the exploding demand for eSkills, leaving us with a eSkills required by industry varying constantly, employers shortage of home-grown computer scientists and advanced complain now about eSkills shortages as well as an insufficient users. Facing competition from the US and Japan but also level of professionalism and expertise. Far from being an ICT increasingly from India and China, Europe needs more highly sector issue, Europe’s growing eSkills shortage is affecting the eSkilled professionals of its own. Fewer young people have productivity and the competitiveness of all types of organisa- enrolled on computer science courses since 2003, leading to tions, large and small, across society. a decline in graduates. So far the breach is being made up by

The Malta Information Technology Agency’s (Mita) objective for the eSkills strategy is to widen and deepen the range of skill sets available in Malta to completely cover the spectrum of requirements by increasing the volume of graduates and specialists who qualify in the required skills. Mita will be laying the foundations for the wide acceptance of an eSkills competence framework which will define the skills and competences required for the fulfilment of the various professions in the industry. The framework will provide the turf on which Malta has to play the eSkills match. Its absence would mean the perpetuation of fragmented efforts with possible small successes but no collective wins. After a competence framework has been established, the next step is to create an eSkills taxonomy to standardise the method and interpretation of the skills required and available in Malta. The agency will then manage the operation of an eSkills demand and supply monitor to gauge the present and forecasted availability of skills vis-à-vis the anticipated demand in the industry. The Maltese ICT skills strategy also includes initiatives aimed at balancing the supply and demand sides of skills. Initiatives such as the already successful MyPotential scheme could entice students and employees to take up ICT specialisations and academic programmes. Mita will engage with the private training industry to explore various mechanisms through which the latter can contribute effectively towards the attainment of human capital goals. While Mita will lead this education impetus, the public education institutions will provide the platform for long-term growth. Private training providers will catalyse the challenges and employees will pursue Neelie Kroes is EU commissioner for digital agenda the opportunities and translate them into quality jobs and economic growth.

144 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 INSIDEEU 145

MAGAZINE PARLIAMENT 22 February 2010 The eSkills strategy is already showing results. For example, The eSkillsexample, strategyFor is showing already results. Most EU national ICT policies focus on developing basic As Europe faces a severe financial and economic crisis, and Using more, using ICTs them in better is ways, crucial the EU. the There EU. will be a special focus on young people, ICT SMEs and entrepreneurs. practitioners, the European eCompetence framework has been developed, a European eSkills and careers portal is online and numerous the as such launched, been have partnerships multi-stakeholder European eSkills industry Policymakers leadership and board. businesses can effectivelyplan more thanks to new predictions on the supply and demand of eSkills in the next five years. ICT user skills. However, 10 countries – Denmark, France, Romania Malta, Spain, Ireland, Portugal, Hungary, Germany, and the UK – also have policies to develop the eSkills of ICT A practitioners. large pool of highly skilled ICT practitioners will be essential to unlockBoth innovative Europe’s potential. basic and continued eSkills education and training adapt must to avoid a mismatch between the skills provided by university courses and skills needed by employers. a long term EU eSkills strategy The EU 2020 is strategy and increasingly the European digital important. agenda will of availability improving like policies, supply-side both propose high-speed internet across Europe, and demand-side actions, such as more targeted training in eSkills, to make European enterprises more competitive and innovative and to make sure that everybody can live an independent and sustainable digital lifestyle and fully participate in the knowledge society. This for need Europe’s means economy. we must develop the eSkills of the EU’s 500 million citizens, and develop a generation of ICT specialists. new Androulla Vassiliou is EU education, culture, multilingualism is Vassiliou and culture, EU Androulla education, youth commissioner The commission set out a long term strategy on eSkills for Addressing the Addressing very low and declining of percentage female eSkills for DG European the Enterprise Commission, 21st and Century, Industry http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/ict/eSkills Week (1-5 European March eSkills 2010) http://eskills-week.ec.europa.eu European eSkills 2009 Conference (20 Brussels) November 2009, http://www.eskills-pro.eu European eCompetences Framework http://www.ecompetences.eu ESkills Industry Leadership Board http://www.eSkills-ilb.org European eSkills and Careers portal http://eskills.eun.org Digital Literacy Report http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/eeurope/i2010/digital_literacy/ index_en.htm Europe's Digital Competitiveness Report 2009 http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/eeurope/i2010/key_documents/ index_en.htm#EDCR eInclusion policy: http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/einclusion/index_en.htm Women and ICT initiative http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/itgirls/index_en.htm Further information on eskills share experiences, build links share experiences, and mobilise stakeholders across chance to show what the EU eSkills strategy has to achieved, European European eSkills Forum. European eSkills week 2010 is our based on advice from stakeholders and governments in the the 21st century in its communication of September 2007, the sector’s gender imbalance. the gender sector’s imbalance. young young women a taste of working for ICT companies, tackle flexible working conditions and shadowing exercises to give women women and Mentoring ICT. programmes, a commitment to telecoms telecoms regulators – have signed a code of best practices for nies, nies, SMEs, consultancies, academic institutions, NGOs and readdress readdress this Somebalance. 29 organisations – ICT - compa 2006, 2006, the women commission’s in ICT has initiative, tried to students (less than 20 per cent) is a good place to Sincestart. and productivity into education action. the broad consensus that eSkills are crucial for competitiveness competitiveness for crucial are eSkills that consensus broad the postpone ICT The investments. challenge now is to convert real, forcing real, small and medium-sized companies especially to staff work, the consequences of these eSkillsverythese of shortagesare consequences the work, staff jobs in the EU will not require No eSkills. matter where ICT according according to research, in five years time only 10 per cent of demand of 384,000 ICT practitioners by 2015. In addition, study anticipates that the EU labour market may face an excess excess an face may market labour EU the that anticipates study make up 70 per A cent recent foresight of the ICT workforce. ing ICT experts. In Denmark, for example, non-ICT graduates graduates non-ICT example, for Denmark, In experts. ICT ing science, engineering science, or humanities graduates who are - becom

eSkills week INSIDE EU

Invest for success

Europe must exploit its digital potential or risk technology industry. However, as we move beyond simple con- nectivity, the Silicon Valley web ecosystem has produced the losing its competitive edge, writes Erkki Ormala new global technology champions. Europe needs to acknowledge the role of the digital in the y 2015, digital industry has the “A digital single market economic recovery. There is a need for a capacity to create 400,000 new clear framework and strategy, and for a jobs. Europe is suffering from is vital in securing trilateral commitment from government, a chronic shortage of digital Europe’s future economic industry and education. skills in all sectors, especially The overarching eSkills focus should those such as software and competitiveness” be two-pronged: ensure children acquire computerB industries. Consequently, there is necessary and basic eSkills, and encour- the real threat of losing our competitive advantage to emerging age broader interest in advanced technical eSkilling in areas and technically savvy countries. such as software technologies for online service development. While there has been considerable improvement in digital This in turn will naturally cultivate a digitally-innovative literacy in recent years, Europe has fallen behind its Lisbon European society. objectives. In the words of commission president José Manuel Digital industry is an enabling industry, providing growth Erkki Ormala is Barroso, there is no reason why Europe cannot “exploit its full opportunities for almost all other industries. It offers enor- president of the potential as the leading force for progress in a challenging mous opportunities for productivity gains in both public and board of Digital world”. A digital single market is vital in securing Europe’s private sectors. Europe will benefit greatly from funding and Europe and future economic competitiveness. the provision of a regulatory framework that promotes the vice-president of We should focus on shaping, attracting and retaining the development of a digital single market. The social and eco- technology and best ICT talent from around the world, or we risk losing out. nomic benefits of a strong information society in Europe are trade policy at For example, Europe has been the cradle of the mobile well worth the investment. Nokia

Johann Steszgal calls on policymakers to think our society. What remains subject to debate, however, is the most efficient way to do so. small first when it comes to promoting eSkills PIN-SME, as the voice of ICT SMEs in Europe, welcomes the commission’s repeated support to studies aimed at Skills drive competitiveness and innovation. Half bringing solid ground to policy debates. eSkills are complex of EU growth comes from the ICT sector. More issues embedded in all layers of our society. ICT SMEs and better qualified ICT practitioners, as well as are widespread in Europe’s territory and regions; they are eSkilled citizens and managers, to take full advan- present in all local communities, where they have access to tage of the strategic potential offered by a broader different societal levels, and are therefore the best vehicle to diffusion of eSkills. provide eSkills and ICT training to European citizens and EThe EU ICT taskforce has estimated that there is a businesses. growing eSkills gap, and a mismatch between supply and ICT micro enterprises represent 94 per cent of the total demand for specific eSkills. This gap can slow down the pace number of businesses and 30 per cent of total employment of adoption of new technologies and reduce the go-to-market in the ICT services industry. Despite this, there is very little skills needed to drive business growth, particularly in SMEs. data available about them. Partly because of their evasiveness, Policymakers and industry alike share the belief that eSkills the role of the smallest players has been greatly underesti- are key to European competitiveness. It is well understood mated. It is high time to reach the common understanding Johann Steszgal is that for the good of our economy, public authorities and that if we are to address the big issue, then we have to think president of PIN- industry must join forces to accelerate the uptake of eSkills in small first. SME

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The IT crowd

IT can help boost business innovation metres in the computer. Our cars are for three dimensionally designed, constructed and developed, including crash and and secure Europe’s place in the global endurance tests as well as driver simulations. marketplace, writes Michael Gorriz Another example of IT as an enabler for business innovation is Daimler’s completely new mobility concept. With car2go, customers can rent Smart Fortwo cars anywhere in town, at urope’s economic future is dependent on having a any time of day. Vehicles can be found, hired and booked in highly skilled workforce. In order to remain com- advance via mobile phones or the internet. petitive in the global marketplace, As a large organisation, we at Daimler Europe’s IT and service providers “Even before the are able to train our own employees, need to have ready access to an first piece of metal almost all of whom need either general eSkills-proficient labour force. is used, a new skills or special training. Unfortunately, EThere is sometimes the misunderstanding not only do we have a shortage in that IT people work only for IT companies. Mercedes-Benz has people studying IT and related studies, In fact, more than 50 per cent of all IT we notice too little attention for IT workers operate in other businesses, SMEs already driven millions in general courses, and so a mismatch and government. People also think IT is very of test kilometres in between what is taught at universities technical. The majority of IT workers use or and what is needed in practice. apply IT within the context of their main the computer” The possibility to acquire and develop professional occupation. eSkills should be available to all workers. Michael Gorriz is Within larger organisations like Daimler, IT plays an This is not only needed within business, but to help build chief information important role. Even before the first piece of metal is used, a and develop our society step by step towards an innovative, officer for Daimler new Mercedes-Benz has already driven millions of test kilo- or knowledge, society.

A European eSkills strategy is holder partnerships such as eSkills week are critical to upscale the skill sets of Europeans. Europe can and must develop a needed to promote the digital digital agenda to deliver the EU 2020 goal of green growth agenda, says Jan Meuhlfeit based on knowledge and innovation – an inclusive, high employment society. Microsoft is aware of the challenge and ready to help here was a time when eSkills were only implementing the digital agenda. Our relevant to those who worked in the “Never before has investments demonstrate that our support ICT industry. Today, IT and eSkills there been a more for a European eSkills strategy is a long- matter to everyone. Europe cannot term engagement. afford to undervalue their importance critical time for Europe A wide variety of ICT competen- as the passport to the future. to invest in developing cies are needed. For this reason, and TResearch shows that 60 per cent of European to provide specific training matching jobs require ICT proficiency. The employment and enhancing eSkills” peoples’ needs, we have developed a range rate for those with high skill levels across the of programmes based on three mutually EU is approximately 85 per cent, compared with 50 per cent reinforcing goals: innovation, education and inclusion. We Jan Meuhlfeit is for low-skilled jobs. invest over €65m annually on this topic in Europe alone. The chair of Microsoft Never before has there been a more critical time for Europe fast pace of change and the economic slowdown have made it Europe to invest in developing and enhancing eSkills. Broad stake- imperative for Europe to embrace the digital economy.

148 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 22 February 2010 #SJOHJOHZPVUIF CJHHFSQJDUVSF

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$POUBDU0CÏ4FEEJRPO BOEPCFTFEEJR!UIFQBSMJBNFOUDPN XXXSFTFBSDISFWJFXFV eSkills week

eSkilled enough?

Europe’s eSkills potential is not being realised, says Jonathan Liebenau, and making the most of it should be top of the agenda

urope’s eSkills problem is a management challenge. with regard to their use of ICT, with European firms performing Corporations across Europe consistently report the worse than their US competitors even within the same markets. need for eSkills among new employees, and research For the most part these firms use identical technologies and demonstrates the benefits businesses of all sizes can source their manpower from the same pool. Wages and other accrue from the effective use of ICT. Almost all incentives are greater in the USA for both high and medium- areas of the public sector also now demand eSkills. level ICT skills users, and we can hypothesise that the kinds of BusinessE leaders, government personnel managers and market tasks they routinely undertake make better use of those skills. analysts continue to warn of an impending eSkills shortage, In Europe, we need to see more of a focus on technology with between 41 per cent and 56 per cent of firms in all sectors management and good general managerial practices. Managers reporting that they are regularly recruiting ICT specialists. need to apply their knowledge systematically, and governments Despite this awareness of the need for skills in the work- should encourage poorly managed firms to acquire better skills. place, there are a number of indicators that within Europe This entails two elements: more managers need higher their capabilities are less effectively harnessed than they could education, which should include instruction on the character be. US based firms in Europe are more successful in achieving of technology, and the ways in which eSkilled employees can IT-generated productivity gains than their local competitors. As best be utilised. Too often, skilled personnel are limited in this finding is the case for all firms, whether or not they source their activities to narrowly technical functions and not given their labour locally, the clear implication is that the difference is the opportunity to apply their abilities in innovative ways that explained by organisational, and in particular managerial, prac- would enhance productivity. The unfavourable pay differential tices and capabilities. between those with skills and those with seniority but fewer The management challenge is to ensure that skills embodied skills provide disincentives for younger workers to strive to in individuals are applied to business functions. Indeed, aside enhance their skill level. While firms claim that they face unmet from routine tasks associated with commoditised information supply, there is little evidence of demand increasing wage levels handling, innovative activities are frequent and common in in Europe for eSkilled workers in general. If more people are to the use of ICT and they require flexibility on the part of the be encouraged to acquire these skills, then they will need to be organisation as much as by the individual. Recent research at able to see that their employment conditions are commensurate- the LSE indicates that managerial practices differ significantly ly improved. eSkilled personnel are rarely encouraged to embark on the most attractive corporate careers in European firms. Denmark is in need of more students to decide on a career in ICT. Danish ICT companies are experiencing scarcity of labour and at the same time the universi- Governments can do much to ensure that their usage of eSkills ties have a decrease in applicants for ICT-related programmes. The ICT industry is promoted, that their eGovernment functions are top quality, needs to improve their image and broaden students’ perception of the industry and and that they invest in experiments and best practice models job opportunities. The two Danish ICT organisations – DI ITEK and IT-Branchen – that can influence organisational practices in the economy. More organised the ICT night, a nationwide branding campaign to promote the industry. The night was first launched in Denmark in January 2007 and again in January can be done to ensure that basic skills are of comparable quality 2008. The campaign aimed to provide Danish pupils and their teachers with a realis- across labour markets. Jobseekers will benefit from a clearer Johnathan tic and positive picture of the attractive opportunities that Danish ICT companies understanding of what potential employment requirements are offer. The concept of the campaign was to pick up the students and their teachers Liebenau is through coordinated credentials and job descriptions. Growth a reader in at school and take them on a tour of three or four different companies. Some 1300 students participated, 100 companies opened their doors and there were 40 bus through eSkills comes in two basic forms: managerial flexibility technology tours nationwide. Some 92 per cent of the students that participated said the night to adapt to new practices rapidly and cheaply, and innovation. management at has given them a more positive attitude towards studying ICT. The experience gained The future eSkills agenda should focus on these capabilities the London School from the ICT night will be re-used for the technology tour to four different cities that DI ITEK is organising as part of the European eSkills week 2010. and instil an enthusiasm for them in education, in government of Economics service, and in public awareness programs.

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Beyond brains

Bruno Lanvin discusses the role of higher education in meeting Europe’s ICT needs

hat knowledge was to Europe in the last 10 components, and multi-disciplinarity). In addition to efforts years, innovation will be for the next. How to build better brains, our education and societal systems can the shortcomings of the Lisbon strategy will be called to produce new mindsets. This may very well be overcome in designing and implementing be Europe’s main challenge (and opportunity) in the global its (innovation) successor? economy of the 21st century. One roadblock will need to be acknowl- As far as priorities for action are concerned, tertiary edgedW and addressed as a matter of urgency: eSkills. As recent education is a central component in an edifice that remains studies have underlined, Europe’s ambitions to become a largely to be built. This architectural and construction effort world leader in knowledge and innovation have been seri- will only succeed if it involves and engages all major stake- ously hampered by a lack of appropriate ICT skills. Far from holders (educators, students, industry, government) around being only an ICT sector issue, Europe’s growing eSkills a strong business-education partnership. With this objec- shortage is affecting the productivity of all types of organiza- tive in mind, six major priorities should be jointly pursued: tions, across all sectors. In such a context, higher education developing new curricula that generate eCompetencies, not has a vital role to play. Yet, for appropriate action to be taken just ICT skills, making life-long learning an incentive and a in this area, one needs to assess the proper dimension of the basis for performance ratings, engaging academia and busi- challenges to be faced by Europe in the near future. ness to educate each other, extending the life expectancy of eSkills are the locus of several paradoxes in today’s the new curricula by making them both stable and flexible, Europe. Paradox number one emerges from the remark- making the new curricula a vivid illustration of what they are ably high level of unemployment that prevails across the about, and making the whole project a true, inter-industry, union (which reached the symbolic milestone of 10 per cent Europe-wide effort. unemployment at the end of 2009) on one hand, and the Europe’s future will be innovation-intensive. To make it existence of unsatisfied demands from potential employers successful, it needs to address its eSkills gaps in a determined, on the other. Paradox number two results from the level of imaginative and ambitious fashion. Tertiary education is the expectations which European businesses and society as a right place to start, because it is the right context to think of whole have vis-à-vis their schools and universities, versus the generating the minds that Europe needs and deserves. growing recognition that what one learns at school is further The training programme for increased adaptability in the information society (Titan) and further away from the knowledge, skills and competen- provides an integrated approach to bridge eSkills gaps using EU funds for the digital cies people need in their professional lives. training and retraining of more than 1.2 million Hungarians in the coming years. The key Those two paradoxes can only be addressed through a beneficiary of the programme would be the Hungarian SME sector, because the results of re-skilling and the changed mindsets will significantly increase employability and series of efforts, namely: upgrading curricula to attract more competitiveness, leading to a developed status for Hungary in the digital economy and students to knowledge and innovation courses in tertiary information society. The program was initiated by the Hungarian EUGA Leadership Board, education, pursing an innovative, open-minded and engag- led by Microsoft in partnership with 17 ICT industry leaders and NGOs. The Titan memo- randum of understanding was signed in 2008 by all parliamentary parties and members ing strategy of multi-stakeholder partnerships to ensure this, Bruno Lanvin is of the government in the presence of Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer and Hungary’s prime executive director and taking advantage of best practice in Europe and beyond minister Ferenc Gyurcsány, but it is still in the preparation phase. of Insead's to build such curricula. László Drajkó, chairman of the Hungarian EUGA Leadership Board Foundation, said, “As The major challenge ahead of Europe, however is of an representing the multi-stakeholder partnership (HELB Foundation) which drives Titan eLab and chair intellectual and policy nature. It will consist of gearing up forward, we are convinced of the urgency to tackle Europe’s eSkills challenges to raise of the global competitiveness and employability to conform with the rules and requirements of 21st advisory council from Lisbon’s unfinished knowledge agenda to an even century knowledge economy and the post-Lisbon agenda. In this matter an integrated more ambitious innovation agenda. A necessary condition approach putting SMEs in focus is needed to facilitate the training of their managers, on the future of for such a shift to be successful is that eSkills be regarded by their IT pros and their employees in general. A shared political will, dissemination of best government at the practices, and rapid implementation are the keys for Europe to end up on the winning world economic all as a combination of knowledge skills (which include ICT side of the competition awaiting us in the global digital economy.” skills) and innovation skills (which require more ‘right brain’ forum

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 151 EUROPE’S LEADING E-HEALTH PLATFORM

BARCELONA 15–18 MARCH 2010 CCIB CONVENTION CENTRE eSkills week INSIDE EU

to design our kitchen? The one who shows 3D models on the computer of our future furniture or the one who doesn’t? The possibilities for deploying eSkills to boost competitiveness are Skills endless – it only needs some creative thinking. The same goes for individuals: eSkills can make life easier, help obtain information faster and provide new career opportunities and labour market viability. As such everyone has to be included, regardless of gender, age or social group. It is our duty to create for life the necessary background for this and inform people of the many possibilities, so every European – and the EU itself – can take full Edit Herczog thinks that eSkills have a crucial advantage of the digital paradigm shift. Our aim for 100 per cent broadband coverage by 2013 is role to play in Europe’s competitiveness necessary, but we shouldn’t forget that creating hardware infrastructure alone is nothing but an expensive cluster. Through he digital agenda is becoming a hot topic within the cooperation between member states and the private sector, up- European institutions. This is commendable, but I feel to-date education programmes should be created to help kids many still fail to see beyond the sheer numbers. The develop their skills and acquire IT literacy from primary school. growing absence of ICT experts, and the lack of eSkills Possibly the way we teach maths and physics needs reviewing, among the general public, doesn’t exclusively affect the with fewer young people in Europe continuing their ICT studies ICT sector, but Europe’s economy and competitiveness and most only leisure users. Even more so if we look at women Tas a whole. Figures show there will be 400,000 unfilled positions and ICT (which is a whole subject on its own). So we have to by 2015, which is distressing, but we must think of enterprises find ways to encourage young people to pursue careers in the and SMEs in every sector. For example, carpenters have little to field and to take up their roles as digital natives. do with information technology, but which one would we hire ICT is usually the subject of over-mystification. So we should help adults and seniors – so-called ‘digital immigrants’ – under- Technology is at the heart of the modern economy, supporting all organisations in every sector. New research by eSkills UK shows that the IT sector contributes more than eight stand that these are tools to acquire and exchange information, per cent of the UK’s gross value added (an important measure in the estimation of not all that different from radio or television. If we do not include GDP), and that despite the recession, employment in the UK’s technology workforce has all 500 million Europeans in the digital arena, we risk social continued to grow. EU eSkills week is a timely reminder of this increasing demand for highly skilled ICT users and professionals to drive a competitive and innovative Europe. injustice and a lot of public money wasted on infrastructure. This is something that we as policymakers must avoid by all means. UK programmes reflect the goals of EU eSkills week. They’re aimed at encouraging young people to consider education and careers in IT, developing the skills of IT profession- Last, but certainly not least, let’s turn back to SMEs. As the als, and helping the rest of the economy to maximise the benefits of technology. To backbone of European economy, SMEs are key to enhancing the support small businesses, eSkills UK is working with Google, BT and Enterprise UK on EU’s competitiveness and helping to take the lead in providing ‘Getting British business online’, which will launch ahead of EU eSkills week and aims to help 100,000 UK small firms create their first website easily and for free. As part of digital services. We need to help SMEs keep up with new tech- the programme, eSkills UK has developed a bespoke training course and qualification, nological developments, and inform them of how ICT can, for the ITQ for doing business online, to help SMEs develop the skills to make the most of example, cut costs and provide greener business solutions. being online. Idly waiting for things to develop and resolve themselves on Edit Herczog is Encouraging digital participation is also high on eSkills UK’s agenda, with a national a member of plan for digital participation created with the UK government, Ofcom and many other their own is an option, but I doubt it’s the right one. We must organisations nearing completion. As part of this, eSkills UK has contributed to the strive to create the necessary frameworks, the digital single parliament’s development of the online basics course, a short entry-level training programme aimed market and a well-balanced digital society, while not forgetting industry, research at providing those digitally excluded with the skills needed to use the internet and and energy benefit from online services. about the possible risks and ensuring that privacy is well protected. Now is the time to act and take the lead. committee

22 February 2010 PARLIAMENTMAGAZINE 153 eSkills week

“Empowerment means eSkills – for everyone to have the competences and abilities to take advantage of the opportunities of the digital era”

outlines innovation as the key priority for Europe’s future in areas such as eHealth, ICT for everyone and education. It is precisely in this context that the European parliament is now debating its own initiative report on defining a ‘new digital agenda for Europe: 2015.eu’. The main objective of parliament’s contribution is to identify strategic policy issues of a new ICT agenda for Europe, while contributing to the commission in its development of a comprehensive strategy. The report highlights 10 policy areas which need to be immediately tackled and puts citizens at the core of the agenda, proposing a series of essential policy goals and actions to achieve the much needed empowerment of Europeans. Our proposed policy goals for eSkills include: halving the digital literacy and competence gaps by 2015; for all primary and secondary schools to have high speed Power to internet connections by 2015; for all primary and secondary school students to receive training on internet risks by 2012; and for all adults to be offered ICT training opportunities. Policies that will allow the achievement of the mentioned goals would involve creating a digital literacy and the people competence action plan. This would comprise, for example, the development of digital training for groups at risk of exclusion, the promotion of public-private partnerships and incentives to private sector initiatives to provide training to Policymakers must help citizens take all employed people. advantage of the opportunities of a digital It is a key question for Europe that the digital agenda delivers effective mechanisms to yield the intended results. society, writes Pilar del Castillo Vera A strategic agenda without strong instruments to monitor and regularly review progress is not more than a declaration CT now permeates virtually all aspects of our lives. It of intentions. Consequently, parliament’s report calls for the is inextricably linked with our desire for a prosperous establishment of two follow-up mechanisms. and competitive economy, the preservation of our envi- First, the creation of a yearly ‘2015.eu’ scoreboard by ronment, and a more democratic and inclusive society. which the commission, parliament and member states would However this will only become a reality if all citizens are systematically benchmark, evaluate and monitor progress. mobilised to participate fully in the new digital society. Secondly, the establishment of an annual digital agenda BusinessI as usual is not an option. summit would review progress in the implementation of the To empower people in today’s digital world means a number shared agenda, while renewing political impetus and updat- of fundamental things. Empowerment means that we have a ing the strategy. certain number of rights as users and consumers in the new Europe’s potential lies in the skills of its population, its Pilar del Castillo online environment and that we have access to reliable wired workforce, and its organisations. Without pervasive infra- Vera is a member and wireless broadband networks. But above all, empowerment structure there can only be limited use of ICT and without of parliament’s means eSkills – for everyone to have the competences and abil- skills there can only be limited economic and social value industry, research ities to take advantage of the opportunities of the digital era. from that use. If ignored, the lack of ICT skills will be the and energy Accordingly, the recent commission consultation on the bottleneck that prevents the EU from being competitive in committee EU 2020 strategy refers to the need for new skills and the global economy.

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Dear Members of the European Parliament,

You say that climate change is one of the biggest challenges of our time.

We agree. Immediate action is needed.

Yet, new high-emitting coal-ﬁred power plants are being built across Europe. No European law stops this from happening.

These investments push our climate goals out of reach.

We need economic and environmental certainty now. Stand by your word.

Get dirty coal under control

Introduce CO2 standards for new power plants in the Industrial Emissions Directive www.okidokidesign.net

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