Intermodal Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow

0 U S Rail Intermodal

 Historical Perspective

 Began as trailers moved from highway to railcars “Piggyback” in 1950’s

 Many movements were “Circus Style” Trailers were driven on /off railcars

 Railroads provided most trailers

 In early 1960’s lift equipment for rail intermodal was invented

 Jack Lanigan Sr. Built first stabilizer beam cranes for lifting trailers and containers

 Railroad owned subsidiary trucking companies provided most of the terminal labor forces

 Piggyback cars moved in mixed fright trains

1 Mid 1960’s to mid 1970’s

 First intermodal unit train initiated Santa Fe Super C from LA to Chicago in 42 hours

 Cranes and sideloaders evolve from other industries to intermodal

 First intermodal interchange gate “Checkpoint Chico” at Chicago Santa Fe

 All Piggyback ramps evolve from parts of railroad switching yards

 Piggyback consolidators evolve to sell to carload quantities, ITOFCA,

 Some international containers began moving via rails

2 Modified boat hoisting gantry in 1956

3 Historical Perspective

1920s-New York Central RR, wooden containers for LCL. - Smithsonian Institution

4 “Piggyback” Trailers in 1960s

5 What were the driving forces that lead to the industry growth in 80’s, 90’s?

 Deregulation  Inception of Intermodal service companies, terminal operations, truckers  Development of intermodal lift equipment  Development of articulated intermodal railcars  Development of international  Development of the Double-stack railcar  Development of the domestic containers  Intermodal unit trains  Major truckload carriers convert business and equipment to Intermodal domestic containers  Development of the RF terminal operating systems; EDI  Development of Auto Gate Systems  Railway mergers

 Most innovations came from within the Industry

6 Double-Stack Unit trains

7 J B Hunt changed the game for Intermodal

8 North American Intermodal Loadings 1993 to 1999

12

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o 8 L

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s 6 n o i

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M 2

0 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Trailer Container

9 Growth Rates for North American Intermodal Loadings

25.00% e t

a 20.00% R

h 15.00% t

w 10.00% o r

G 5.00%

e g

a 0.00% t n

e -5.00% c r

e -10.00% P -15.00% 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Trailers Containers Total

10 Trend Analysis Conclusions

 Containers will continue to be the Primary Intermodal Vehicle

 Conversion from Trailers to Domestic containers will continue

 Double-Stack Train efficiencies are REAL and here for the long term

 Intermodal Car Fleet of the Future is being built for containers

11 Chassis, Chassis, Chassis everywhere ! Pack’em, Stack’em, Rack’em ! (Whack em and Crack em)

Chassis can use up to 35% of terminal parking capacity

12 Other Capacity Support Machines

Empty Container Handlers Stack empty containers up to 8 high

Chassis Rotators Stack chassis 4 high horizontally

Chassis Rackers Places chassis into vertical rack, 9 chassis to one wheeled space

13 Stacking cranes following examples from Ports

Technology to improve safety, efficiency, versatility, and damage-free performance for Facilities Operations. 14 Today…. Containers, containers, and more containers….

 Conversion to containers continues

 Over 250,000 53 ft. domestic containers in service today

 Intermodal terminals growing up, not out

 Space at a premium

 Between 1996 and 2006 intermodal volumes increased by over 80%

 Containers went from 60 % to 90% of volumes

 Recession of 2007 over as volumes are up by 20% in 2010

 How do we handle the re-newed growth?

15 Wide Range of Solutions..

16 Conventional crane versus stacking crane versus wide spans

17 Memphis Wide Span Operations

18 Memphis Overview

19 Memphis Crane configuration

Production cranes: Double cantilever, 261 ft. Stacking Cranes: Single width, can accommodate 8 ramp tracks @ 20 ft. cantilever, 166 ft. width, track centers, three truck lanes, four rows of four accommodates access to stack high container stacks. Trolley can rotate container rows of production crane (4 high, 4 270 degrees, allowing one-way truck lanes. wide) and can transfer to 5 high, 5 wide stacking rows under span, , 3 truck lanes. “Pitch and catch” container transfer between cranes

20 “I – CAN” Yard Management

 Intermodal - Crane Automation Network

 Designed to provide required applications for wide-span crane operations

 Automated inventory system for railcars, container, trucks, and other equipment using GPS

 Distributes work assignments to cranes, trucks, other equipment

 Provides logic for organized container stacking operation

 Provides safety for all equipment

 Provides means to semi-automate crane operations

 Same functionality could be applied to RTG’s for aligning over tracks, track pads

21 GPS Automated Inventory, Accuview

 MJ and BNSF have co-developed an automated GPS inventory system for use on lift, hostling tractors, and other Hub vehicles  Prototype tested / demonstrated at Corwith in Nov. 2007  Aerial photographs are used for display of Hub, parking slots, tracks, buildings, etc.  GPS grids are used to identify exact parking slot locations  Hostling trucks are tracked throughout Hub, disconnect from tractor fifth wheel indicates new inventory position  Other vehicles tracked using GPS; lift equipment, IBC carts  Relative positions of equipment will be used as safety alert to operators  Lift machine location and steering using GPS  Sensors on cranes determine “Y” and “Z” movement determined by latch /unlatch of twist locks, pins or arms  Potential to provide exact “Real Time” ramp/ deramp, movement to parking slots, spotting of chassis events  Wide Span cranes use sensors to center above tracks, specific railcar wells. Semi-automates loading of railcars

22 GPS using aerial photos

23 Hostler with container in parking stall

24 Memphis Stacking Crane

25 Memphis – Production Cranes

26 Portable GPS Locator (PGL) protection for occupied locomotives

 Portable GPS Locator controls  A Portable GPS Locator (PGL) will be installed on the front bridge of lead locomotive before the locomotive enters a ramp track.  A PGL can also be installed on the lead car of railcars being shoved into a track to protect a worker riding on lead railcar of shove move.  The PGL will provide a moving GPS Safety Zone that will prevent any crane movements of suspended loads over the occupied locomotive.  This protective zone will be 20 foot wide and extend 400 ft. in front of and behind the lead locomotive  The PGL will be installed by placing on the front bridge in center of locomotive by activating the four magnets, and turning on the PGL  The PGL will be removed from the locomotive when the engine stops and is no longer under cranes.  The PGL can be used for protecting other men and equipment working on tracks under the cranes.  Ultimately, it is the production crane operator’s responsibility to ensure that suspended loads are not moved over locomotives or men riding cars on lead cars of shove moves. Movement of suspended loads over locomotives or lead cars of shove moves is prohibited for 400 ft. in front of lead car or locomotive and 400 ft. behind locomotive or lead car of shove move.

27 Portable GPS Locator (PGL) placed in correct position of lead locomotive

Correct placement of PGL on lead locomotive

Correct position to lift and carry PGL (weight 24 lbs)

28 GPS devices on equipment working under cranes will provide safety protection from suspended loads

Moving Work Zone (MWZ) is 300 ft. x 60 ft. using C/L of crane and providing protection from movement of suspended loads 30ft. On each side of C/L for Y and 150 ft. on each side of crane C/L for X. Indicated by red lines . Production crane operators should not move suspended loads within the MWZ of wheel change crane 150 ft 150 ft Crane C/L

Track 1 FWZ(Fixedworkzone) = =300ftx60ft 30 ft Crane C/L Track 2 30 ft

Track 3

Track 4

Track 5 Portable GPS tracker placed on first locomotive

BNSF ENGINE BNSF ENGINE BNSF ENGINE BNSF ENGINE First Platform Track 6

Moving Work Zone for locomotives is 400 feet in front of lead locomotive and protects to the first full platform behind locomotives. Zone is 20 ft. wide. Portable GPS tracker placed on first locomotive Production crane operators should NOT move suspended loads within the MWZ of locomotives

29 “RED” lights over Cart Path= STOP - Do Not Drive Under Crane

1 2 3 4 5 6

Cart Path 3

30 Traffic signals in Truck lanes

Truck lane traffic lights change from green to red in advance of suspended load movement over the truck lanes. Trucks stop to prevent passing under suspended loads. Each light is able to change from red to yellow to green. Loading lane is always yellow, red light in left by-pass lane during loading in truck spots.

31 CSX Wide Span Design Baltimore, Ohio

CSXI wide span facility will open in Jan. 2011. Facility will have five wide span cranes each 301 ft. across, over 8 ramp tracks with 22 ft. track centers, 2 straddle carrier lanes with up to 6 straddle carriers which can clear two stacked containers while carrying one container. Additionally there will be four row four high container stacks available with 2 truck lanes. The facility is designed to be combination of local delivery in Ohio as well as a major re-work facility for combining /consolidating container traffic by lifting and moving containers to new car assignments using straddle carriers as conveyance longitudinal along the 8,000 ft. long ramp tracks. Cranes will be electric RMG’s very similar to Memphis production cranes, but larger. As result of the massive structure, understand cranes will require a superstructure above the top beam to stabilize the structure ad 60 ft. long cantilevers on each end.

CSXI 5 Wide Span cranes 301 ft. span Kunz / Mi Jack Cantilever 60 ft. Cantilever 60 ft. Straddle carriers CAB 1 over 2 high Container stacks 1 over 4 Wheel Change crane

DS Two Truck car lanes 4 rows , 4 high TRACK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2 drive aisles for straddle carriers Eight ramp tracks on 22 Kunz will build the wide span cranes. The straddle carriers will be ft. centers able to travel up to 17 mph. CSXI will also install a wheel change crane similar to the Memphis WCC. CSX will also use up to 8 IBC WS crane lifts 1 over 4 carts and will use the same GPS safety and worker alert systems we containers developed for Memphis. Mi Jack will provide maintenance for all cranes and GPS systems. Terminal Operating system is not determined at this time, but considering RMI / Oasis I CAN product. Two Straddle carriers lift and carry I over 2 containers

32 2010 and Beyond

 Challenges = Environmental, Safety, Productivity  Electric cranes, Hybrid cranes  Automation  Labor force  Safety  More and improved work processes  Work rules and definitions  Continued containerization  UPS, England and Hunt Reefer containers  Flatracks, CSU’s, , other new and specialized containers  “CALs” (Container Auto Lock Systems)  Conjoined / oversized containers  More AGS  Efficient, Cost effective, more information  Continued learning curve for better utilization  Damage-Free Handling  Alternative container movement technologies  MJ Pathfinder  Container conveyors  Electric container carriers similar to commuter trains  Full Integration the Intermodal Networks to Improve efficiencies for all

33 Hybrid Cranes

Built by MJ First unit to be installed on UPRR at ICTF this month. Powered by 108 “truck batteries” Small diesel engine (180 HP) is used to re-charge batteries as required. Runs up to 45 min. per hour or estimated 30 lifts and computer initiates re-charges automatically No “Down Time” for re- charge Uses cables instead of “hoist chains” All electric motors No hydraulics Quiet smoother operational functions Faster speeds

34 Specialized containers

35 AGSAGS Process: Process:

Trucks pass through Portal with line scan Trucks then proceed to kiosks to complete digital cameras equipped with Optical input for gate transaction. Character Recognition, OCR

36 Driver completes transaction at Kiosk

In-Gate Biometric ID (2 fingers) Out-gate: Uses bar code from and inputs seal number ingate, inputs Pick-up number

37 Roof and rear views

Images provide views of roof, sides, front and rear of containers, chassis, tractors. Storage of equipment images for claim resolution for one year.

38 MJ Pathfinder 2HiLab04KMiJack.wmv

Pathfinder Possibilities

Automatic Container Stacking / Racking System

Drive activates lifting of container to / from chassis

Can “Rack” containers up to 4 high

All sizes

Integrated with crane into “Skybridge”

Adds automatic lift / flip capacity

Full scale prototype in operation at MJ

Lift capacity in every truck space

39 WIDE Range of Solutions…

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