Stalin Ante Portas

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Stalin Ante Portas Freedom for Nations! Freedom for Individuals ! CORRESPONDENCE MONTHLY BULLETIN OF THE ANTIBOLSHEVIK BLOC OF NATIONS Vol.II / Number 5 English Edition May 1951 (uclitß-t'icih Mass Revolution against Bolshevism and Russian Imperialism The friction between the U.S.S.R. attitude in case of war, which explains must be recognized and properly and the Western Powers, and the grow­ the ridiculous contradictions in Bol­ estimated by the revolutionaries, in ing possibility of a new world is of shevist policy and propaganda of late. order to make the best use of it and ever increasing importance for the On one side, they boast of fantastic fit it into the plans for an active war; development of the revolutionary rearmament and military strength for the effect of permanent terrorism, movements in bolshevist controlled against the alleged aggression and war and propaganda as to the invincibility countries. Preparations for war, and potential of the West, on the other they of the Russian imperium, is not to be un­ still more, war itself will mean greater issue Draconic laws against the spread der-rated. The suggestion, drummed ''“^pression and general distress; on the of war talk. Everyone knows that this into the people, that resistance is mad­ .ner hand the anti-Bolshevist attitude new wave of mass terrorism, under the ness and that all the sacrifice is in vain among the masses will be strengthen­ cover of a love of freedom, is in real­ and that it would be so mudi more ed thereby. ity, not directed against material and reasonable to submit and adapt one­ The thought of war is always pres­ psychological preparations for war, self, in order to live at all, is all too ent with the Soviet people, overshad­ which the Bolshevist regime is pushing insidious and persuasive. Resignation, owing everything in their daily lives. at high speed, but solely to keep the however, would be the greatest ob­ It is not morbid or a passing mood, but revolutionary spirit and hopes, cherish­ stacle in a liberation revolt. That stone a reality, arising from the whole trend ed by the masses, in check. wall must be overthrown first of all, of Bolshevism, and supported by the The hope of a war waged by the so that the revolutionary potential, world situation. Western Powers against the U.S.S.R. is strengthened by the hatred of the ru­ The broad masses of the nations sub­ a real factor which might neutralize ling powers and the longing to abolish jected by Bolshevism expect war, the effect of the propaganda that Bol­ them, may break through, to fill the although they are fully conscious of shevism is all powerful and Russian minds and strengthen the wills of its horror, suffering, destruction and imperialism invulnerable. This factor those suffering under the present re­ the sarifice it demands. It hangs like the sword of Damocles over these peo­ ple, a fate that is destined for them by Russia’s insatiable imperialism and the Tokayev speaks of Western Ignorance urge to conquer the world. On the other hand the subjected peo­ The well-known Soviet military ex­ many peoples, the Ukrainian, Bye­ ples connect a war with their hopes of pert, Colonel Tokayev, who recently lorussian, Turknienistanian, Georgian, the collapse of Bolshevism and their “chose freedom“ and is living at pres­ Armenian, Azerbaijanian, Tajikistian, liberation. ent in the West, wrote an article for the Esthonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, and This idea encourages the develop­ New York emigrant paper, “Sozialisti- Karelo-Finland S.S.R. There is no coll­ ment of a revolution for liberation, for chesky Wyestnik“, published in the No. ective “Russian people“ or “Soviet peo­ lights up the implacability of Bol- 3, 1951 number, on the nationality pro­ ple“, there are only peoples: Russians, auevist oppression and deepens the blem in the U.S.S.R., from which we Ukrainians, Baskirs, Georgians, Tar­ conviction that it cannot last for long. quote the following. tars, Esthonians, Byelorussians etc. This conviction stiffens the resistance against cruel reality, allows no thought “ . We are now rapidly approaching When certain émigré circles, states­ of the inevitability of serfdom to a third world catastrophe and that men, journalists or the radio, continu­ creep in, and counteracts resignation enjoins upon us the duty of realizing ally talk of Russia, the Russians or the and passive obedience. the value of the teeth we possess, be­ Russian people in this general sense, it only shows their ignorance of the The Bolshevist are well aware of all fore they are knocked out. A former elementary reality that 65°/o of the pop­ that and fear the outcome of such an correspondent of the “Völkischer Be­ obachter“ made the statement that the ulation in the U.S.S.R is not Russian Hitler government only grasped the at all and does not feel concerned fact in 1944 that the U.S.S.R., was not when the word Russian is used . .“ Russia, and that it was not populated Tokayev then quotes the words of a From the Contents: only with Russians, but with 200 dif­ speaker who said at a meeting in 1936, ferent peoples, with their own histori­ “Comrades, no Stalin, or Molotow, will Joseph Caligula cal destiny, their own traditions, psy­ ever succeed in depriving the non-Rus­ chology and geographical position, as sian people of their State, land and Bolshevist Infiltration in West well as their own national develop­ regional administration. To-day that is Germany ment, religion and language. Each of less possible than ever“. them has its historical name given by After giving a number of examples The Language of Figures the State Constitution and anchored in of the awakening of different peoples „Russian Liberation Revolution“ the laws . in U.S.S.R. to a sense of nationality, In reality there is no “Russia“, nor Tokayev continues, “A number of si­ From behind the Iron Curtain are there “Russians“, nor a “Russian“ milar examples and other symptoms people“ in the pre-revolution sense. In of growing activity among the national From the Soviet Press law, and as an actual fact, there is liberation movements enable one to only a “Russian Federal Republic“ of (Continued on Page 2) Pape 2 ABN-CORRESPONDENCE Number 5 gime. Tf the subjugated peoples were before the broad masses in an appeal M.V.D. criminals and upholders of conscious, only for a moment, of this formulated as follows: Russian imperialism. strength and would rise spontaneously All subjected and oppressed peoples The revolutionary uprising must not against the tyrants, instead of obeying must rise in a common revolt against be put off to the end of the war. The the regime’s orders of self-destruction, Bolshevism, at the very beginning of sacrifices required to carry out a rev­ that same regime would be blotted war, without waiting for its end. Re­ olution victoriously, are often made out. volution is the end of Bolshevism and in a few days, in a war. It would be a The first duty of the revolutionary the end of its war. Revolution means mistake too, to watch for failures and leaders is to bring this realization freedom and peace. crises in Bolshevist trategy. To weaken home to the oppressed peoples. That is The revolutionary fight should be the Bolshevist war machinery by our present object. We must make started by the organized insurgent for­ drawing out the war, would cause these people conscious of their own ces, underground organizations, army useless bloodshed for our own peoples strength and fighting powers to achieve detachments and in workers’ circles. and the destruction of our own coun­ their own liberation, independent of This struggle will then be joined by tries. the world situation or outside help. the masses at the actual front, as well Hand in hand with the conviction of The adversaries of the U.S.S.R. might as in the rear. Success depends on the apply the strategy of systematic and the inevitability of war, belief in the support of the masses and the sudden­ imminent overthrow of Bolshevism slow exhaustion and delay pitched ness of the outbreak at all focal points. battles, in order to create a crisis in must be awakened, especially in pla­ The revolution must not be allowed to ces not reached by revolutionary prop­ the Bolshevist conduct of war. In that develop into small engagements, or be­ case, however, Bolshevist destruction aganda,or where the ground has not come a war of entrenchment, it must been fertile enough. and use of man-power would be of the run like wildfire and consume the utmost importance for our peoples. Hope of a war to come can also have whole State apparatus, thus bringing a negative effect, in that help will be the entire war machinery to an stand­ Probably two sorts of troops would expected from outside, so that people still. The burning torch of the revolu­ be disposed of, those made up of re­ merely wait to be liberated. Revolu­ tion must be carried everywhere, and liable elements, especially M.Y.D. tionary political propaganda must be at once, and the revolutionary slogans units, would not be sent to the front directed so that it promotes revolution­ must be lucid and stirring, deepening lines, but held in reserve for emergen­ ary effort at home, turning passive the belief in victory and intensifying cies and used in the hinterland *—\ waiting into active fighting. the readiness to fight. By propagating checkmate the army. The conception of a revolution for the aims of the revolution, the whole Other detachments would be put in liberation in case of war must be put nation and each individual, will be pre­ at the centres of attack where dams pared for the fight and a psychological of human beings would be formed, atmosphere will be created which will composed of a sort of “refractory com­ guarantee the execution of all the pany“ of elements hostile to the re­ Tokayev speaks.
Recommended publications
  • ZRBG – Ghetto-Liste (Stand: 01.08.2014) Sofern Eine Beschäftigung I
    ZRBG – Ghetto-Liste (Stand: 01.08.2014) Sofern eine Beschäftigung i. S. d. ZRBG schon vor dem angegebenen Eröffnungszeitpunkt glaubhaft gemacht ist, kann für die folgenden Gebiete auf den Beginn der Ghettoisierung nach Verordnungslage abgestellt werden: - Generalgouvernement (ohne Galizien): 01.01.1940 - Galizien: 06.09.1941 - Bialystok: 02.08.1941 - Reichskommissariat Ostland (Weißrussland/Weißruthenien): 02.08.1941 - Reichskommissariat Ukraine (Wolhynien/Shitomir): 05.09.1941 Eine Vorlage an die Untergruppe ZRBG ist in diesen Fällen nicht erforderlich. Datum der Nr. Ort: Gebiet: Eröffnung: Liquidierung: Deportationen: Bemerkungen: Quelle: Ergänzung Abaujszanto, 5613 Ungarn, Encyclopedia of Jewish Life, Braham: Abaújszántó [Hun] 16.04.1944 13.07.1944 Kassa, Auschwitz 27.04.2010 (5010) Operationszone I Enciklopédiája (Szántó) Reichskommissariat Aboltsy [Bel] Ostland (1941-1944), (Oboltsy [Rus], 5614 Generalbezirk 14.08.1941 04.06.1942 Encyclopedia of Jewish Life, 2001 24.03.2009 Oboltzi [Yid], Weißruthenien, heute Obolce [Pol]) Gebiet Vitebsk Abony [Hun] (Abon, Ungarn, 5443 Nagyabony, 16.04.1944 13.07.1944 Encyclopedia of Jewish Life 2001 11.11.2009 Operationszone IV Szolnokabony) Ungarn, Szeged, 3500 Ada 16.04.1944 13.07.1944 Braham: Enciklopédiája 09.11.2009 Operationszone IV Auschwitz Generalgouvernement, 3501 Adamow Distrikt Lublin (1939- 01.01.1940 20.12.1942 Kossoy, Encyclopedia of Jewish Life 09.11.2009 1944) Reichskommissariat Aizpute 3502 Ostland (1941-1944), 02.08.1941 27.10.1941 USHMM 02.2008 09.11.2009 (Hosenpoth) Generalbezirk
    [Show full text]
  • Strategy 2020 of Euroregion „Country of Lakes”
    THIRD STEP OF EUROREGION “COUNTRY OF LAKES” Strategy 2020 of Euroregion „Country of Lakes” Project „Third STEP for the strategy of Euroregion “Country of lakes” – planning future together for sustainable social and economic development of Latvian-Lithuanian- Belarussian border territories/3rd STEP” "3-rd step” 2014 Strategy 2020 of Euroregion „Country of Lakes” This action is funded by the European Union, by Latvia, Lithuania and Belarus Cross-border Cooperation Programme within the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument. The Latvia, Lithuania and Belarus Cross-border Cooperation Programme within the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument succeeds the Baltic Sea Region INTERREG IIIB Neighbourhood Programme Priority South IIIA Programme for the period of 2007-2013. The overall strategic goal of the programme is to enhance the cohesion of the Latvian, Lithuanian and Belarusian border region, to secure a high level of environmental protection and to provide for economic and social welfare as well as to promote intercultural dialogue and cultural diversity. Latgale region in Latvia, Panevėžys, Utena, Vilnius, Alytus and Kaunas counties in Lithuania, as well as Vitebsk, Mogilev, Minsk and Grodno oblasts take part in the Programme. The Joint Managing Authority of the programme is the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania. The web site of the programme is www.enpi-cbc.eu. The European Union is made up of 28 Member States who have decided to gradually link together their know-how, resources and destinies. Together, during a period of enlargement of 50 years, they have built a zone of stability, democracy and sustainable development whilst maintaining cultural diversity, tolerance and individual freedoms.
    [Show full text]
  • Congressional Record-Senate. 6039
    1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 6039 '-' osteopathic physicians for service in the Army and Navy; to the A bill (S. 2786) to authoriZe the President of the United Committee on :Military Affairs. States to-appoint Andrew JV. Jackman first lieutenant of Coast AJso, petition of the Interstate Sp9rtsmen's Protective Asso­ Artillery ; and ciation headq-uarters, Kansas ·city', Mo., opposing the "pending - A ·bnl (S. 2787) for' the ·relief of First Lieut: Sydney Smith, migratory-bird treaty act; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. retired; to the Committee on 1\Iilitary Affairs. By Mr. GORDON: Petition of Kurt Schultz and 32 other citi­ By Mr. PHELAN: ' . zens of Cleveland, Ohio, protesting ·against the passage of the A bill (S. 2788) for the relief of Edward W. Terry; to the Sheppard prohibition resolution; tQ the Committee on the Judi- Committee on Military Affairs. Ciary. · · · - · By l\1r. MYERS : By l\fr. RAKER: Petition of E. H. Cleveland, Long Beadi; A bill · ( S. 2789) · for the better safety and welfare" of tl1e l\fiss Irma li. Cahen, Sacramento;· Long . Beach' Chamber of United States, and the Government thereof, in time of war; Commerce, Long Beach; and James H. Garlick, Sacramento, all to the Committee on the Judiciary. in the State of California, favoring the passage of the purple­ By 1\fr. KNOX : cross bill; to the Committee on Military Affairs. A bill. ( S. 2790) granting an increase of pension to Lillian v. - By Mr. ROWLAND: Petition of ·Tribe No: 224, Improved l\Ianger (with accompanying papers) ; to the Committee on Order of Red Men, Berwindale ; Tribe No.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Book
    84 823 65 Special thanks to the Independent Institute of Socio-Economic and Political Studies for assistance in getting access to archival data. The author also expresses sincere thanks to the International Consortium "EuroBelarus" and the Belarusian Association of Journalists for information support in preparing this book. Photos by ByMedia.Net and from family albums. Aliaksandr Tamkovich Contemporary History in Faces / Aliaksandr Tamkovich. — 2014. — ... pages. The book contains political essays about people who are well known in Belarus and abroad and who had the most direct relevance to the contemporary history of Belarus over the last 15 to 20 years. The author not only recalls some biographical data but also analyses the role of each of them in the development of Belarus. And there is another very important point. The articles collected in this book were written at different times, so today some changes can be introduced to dates, facts and opinions but the author did not do this INTENTIONALLY. People are not less interested in what we thought yesterday than in what we think today. Information and Op-Ed Publication 84 823 © Aliaksandr Tamkovich, 2014 AUTHOR’S PROLOGUE Probably, it is already known to many of those who talked to the author "on tape" but I will reiterate this idea. I have two encyclopedias on my bookshelves. One was published before 1995 when many people were not in the position yet to take their place in the contemporary history of Belarus. The other one was made recently. The fi rst book was very modest and the second book was printed on classy coated paper and richly decorated with photos.
    [Show full text]
  • A War of Reputation and Pride
    A War of reputation and pride - An examination of the memoirs of German generals after the Second World War. HIS 4090 Peter Jørgen Sager Fosse Department of Archaeology, Conservation and History University of Oslo Spring 2019 1 “For the great enemy of truth is very often not the lie -- deliberate, contrived and dishonest -- but the myth -- persistent, persuasive, and unrealistic.” – John F. Kennedy, 19621 1John F. Kennedy, Yale University Commencement Address, https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/jfkyalecommencement.htm, [01.05.2019]. 2 Acknowledgments This master would not have been written without the help and support of my mother, father, friends and my better half, thank you all for your support. I would like to thank the University Library of Oslo and the British Library in London for providing me with abundant books and articles. I also want to give huge thanks to the Military Archive in Freiburg and their employees, who helped me find the relevant materials for this master. Finally, I would like to thank my supervisor at the University of Oslo, Professor Kim Christian Priemel, who has guided me through the entire writing process from Autumn 2017. Peter Jørgen Sager Fosse, Oslo, 01.05.2019 3 Contents: Introduction………………………………………………………………………...………... 7 Chapter 1, Theory and background………………………………………………..………17 1.1 German Military Tactics…………………………………………………..………. 17 1.1.1 Blitzkrieg, Kesselschlacht and Schwerpunkt…………………………………..……. 17 1.1.2 Examples from early campaigns……………………………………………..……… 20 1.2 The German attack on the USSR (1941)……………………………..…………… 24 1.2.1 ‘Vernichtungskrieg’, war of annihilation………………………………...………….. 24 1.2.2 Operation Barbarossa………………………………………………..……………… 28 1.2.3 Operation Typhoon…………………………………………………..………………. 35 1.2.4 The strategic situation, December 1941…………………………….……………….
    [Show full text]
  • Kiev 1941: Hitler's Battle for Supremacy in the East
    Kiev 1941 In just four weeks in the summer of 1941 the German Wehrmacht wrought unprecedented destruction on four Soviet armies, conquering central Ukraine and killing or capturing three-quarters of a million men. This was the battle of Kiev – one of the largest and most decisive battles of World War II and, for Hitler and Stalin, a battle of crucial importance. For the first time, David Stahel charts the battle’s dramatic course and after- math, uncovering the irreplaceable losses suffered by Germany’s ‘panzer groups’ despite their battlefield gains, and the implications of these losses for the German war effort. He illuminates the inner workings of the German army as well as the experiences of ordinary soldiers, showing that with the Russian winter looming and Soviet resistance still unbroken, victory came at huge cost and confirmed the turning point in Germany’s war in the east. David Stahel is an independent researcher based in Berlin. His previous publications include Operation Barbarossa and Germany’s Defeat in the East (Cambridge, 2009). Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 210.212.129.125 on Sat Dec 22 18:00:30 WET 2012. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139034449 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2012 Kiev 1941 Hitler’s Battle for Supremacy in the East David Stahel Downloaded from Cambridge Books Online by IP 210.212.129.125 on Sat Dec 22 18:00:30 WET 2012. http://ebooks.cambridge.org/ebook.jsf?bid=CBO9781139034449 Cambridge Books Online © Cambridge University Press, 2012 cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao˜ Paulo, Delhi, Tokyo, Mexico City Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 8ru,UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107014596 c David Stahel 2012 This publication is in copyright.
    [Show full text]
  • Playground of Violence: Mennonites and Makhnovites in the Time of War and Revolution
    International Relations and Diplomacy, July 2015, Vol. 3, No. 7, 439-447 D doi: 10.17265/2328-2134/2015.07.001 DAVID PUBLISHING Playground of Violence: Mennonites and Makhnovites in the Time of War and Revolution Mikhail Akulov The Kazakh-British Technical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Focusing on the relationship between the German Mennonite colonists and the self-professed followers of Nestor Makhno, this paper attempts to present a view of the Revolution in which participants are seen primarily through the framework of competition, rather than through binary narrative structures of victims vs. perpetrators, bourgeoisie vs. proletariat, revolutionaries vs. counterrevolutionaries, etc.. Always with an eye at a real or an imagined opponent, the Mennonites and the avowed adherents of the fabled bat’ko ended up profoundly influencing one another, conditioning one’s moves and limiting one’s latitude as does the omnipresent other vis-a-vis the unfolding self. In that light, violence, which both sides had on their record, functioned to cement such ongoing dialects, carrying the protagonists of these turbulent times well beyond their original intentions. Keywords: Russian Civil War, violence, Makhno, Mennonites, revolution Introduction The Russian Revolution, a subject relegated from the top priorities of the scholarly scrutiny in the late 1990s and early 2000s, is now making a comeback. The multiple jubilees are certainly working in its favor. Thus, pouncing upon the opportunity proffered last year by the centennial anniversary of the Great
    [Show full text]
  • FEEFHS Journal Volume II 1994
    FEEFHS Newsletter of the Federation of East European Family History Societies Val 2,No. 3 July 1994 ISSN 1077-1247, PERSI #EEFN A total of about 75 people registered for the convention, and many others assisted in various capacities. There were a few unexpected problems, of course, but altogether the meetings THE FIRST FEEFHS CONVENTION, provided a valuable service, enough so tbat at the end of MAYby John 14-16, C. Alleman 1994 convention it was tentatively decided that next year we will try to hold two conventions, in Calgary, Alberta, and Cleveland, Our first FEEFHS convention was successfully held as Ohio, in order to help serve the interests of people who have scheduled on May 14-16, 1994, at the Howard Johnson Hotel difficulty coming to Satt Lake City. in Saft Lake City. The program followed the plan published in our last issue of the Newsletter, for the most part, and we will not repeat it here in order to save space. Anyone who desires more information on the suhjects presented in the conference addresses is encouraged to write directly to the speakers at the addresses given there. THANK YOU, CONVENTION by Ed Brandt,SPEAKERS Program Chair The most importanl business of the convention was the installation of permanent officers. Charles M. Hall, Edward Many people attending the FEEFHS convention commented R. Brandt, and John D. Movius had been elected and were favorably on the quality of our convention speakers and their installed as president, Ist vice president, and 2nd vice presentations. I have heard from quite a few who could not president, respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • LATGALE-ENG-FINAL.Pdf
    Bella Dvina and Baltic Country of Lakes Estonia Russia Baltic See Viļaka municipality Balvi Rugāji municipality Byelorussia municipality Baltinava municipality Poland Kārsava district Viļāni Cibla municipality municipality Ukraine Ludza municipality Līvāni municipality Riebiņi municipality Rēzekne municipality Zilupe Vārkava municipality municipality Preiļi municipality Aglona Dagda municipality municipality Ilūkste municipality Krāslava municipality Daugavpils municipality Verkhnyadzvinsk District Rossony Rossony District Verkhnyadzvinsk Zarasai Braslaw Zarasai district Miory Anykščiai district Polotsk District Utena district Braslaw District Miory District Polotsk Anykščai Utena Vitebsk District Vitebsk Region Vitebsk The Baltic Country of Lakes is the richest with lakes in the Baltics – more than two thousand lakes are located here. The advantages of the region are its relief, nature, clean air and wonderful people. Next to the Baltic Country of Lakes lies a country with a poetic name “Bella Dvina”. This country is located in the area where the river Dvina – Daugava flows, which is well known since ancient times for the trade route “from Varangians to Greeks”. Looking at the map, one can conclude, that inhabitants of three countries – Russia, Belarus and Latvia – can consider the Western Dvina for their own. Its flow begins in Russia, and goes through Belarus. As it flows into Latvia, it is no longer Dvina, but rather Daugava, which then flows into the Baltic Sea. Active tourism throughout the year, fascinating cultural events, and picturesque sceneries – all of this comprises a unique mosaic, which provides true visual and aesthetical enjoyment. We offer you to get acquainted with the Baltic Country of Lakes – Latgale in Latvia, Aukštaitija in Lithuania, as well as the “Bella Dvina” region, which includes Latgale in Latvia and part of Vitebsk region in Belarus.
    [Show full text]
  • The “Belarus Factor” from Balancing to Bridging Geopolitical Dividing Lines in Europe?
    The “Belarus factor” From balancing to bridging geopolitical dividing lines in Europe? Clingendael Report Tony van der Togt The “Belarus factor” From balancing to bridging geopolitical dividing lines in Europe? Tony van der Togt Clingendael Report January 2017 January 2017 © Netherlands Institute of International Relations ‘Clingendael’. Cover photo: The leaders of Belarus, Russia, Germany, France and Ukraine after signing the Minsk II agreement, February 2015. © In Terris Online Newspaper Unauthorized use of any materials violates copyright, trademark and / or other laws. Should a user download material from the website or any other source related to the Netherlands Institute of International Relations ‘Clingendael’, or the Clingendael Institute, for personal or non-commercial use, the user must retain all copyright, trademark or other similar notices contained in the original material or on any copies of this material. Material on the website of the Clingendael Institute may be reproduced or publicly displayed, distributed or used for any public and non-commercial purposes, but only by mentioning the Clingendael Institute as its source. Permission is required to use the logo of the Clingendael Institute. This can be obtained by contacting the Communication desk of the Clingendael Institute ([email protected]). The following web link activities are prohibited by the Clingendael Institute and may present trademark and copyright infringement issues: links that involve unauthorized use of our logo, framing, inline links, or metatags, as well as hyperlinks or a form of link disguising the URL. About the author Tony van der Togt is Senior Research Fellow at the Netherlands Institute of International Relations ‘Clingendael’ in The Hague.
    [Show full text]
  • Memorialization of the Jewish Tragedy at Babi Yar Aleksandr Burakovskiy∗
    Nationalities Papers Vol. 39, No. 3, May 2011, 371–389 Holocaust remembrance in Ukraine: memorialization of the Jewish tragedy at Babi Yar Aleksandr Burakovskiy∗ Independent Scholar, United States (Received 24 November 2009; final version received 26 January 2011) At the core of the debate in Ukraine about Babi Yar lies the Holocaust. Between 1941 and 1943 1.5 million Jews perished in Ukraine, yet a full understanding of that tragedy has been suppressed consistently by ideologies and interpretations of history that minimize or ignore this tragedy. For Soviet ideologues, admitting to the existence of the Holocaust would have been against the tenet of a “Soviet people” and the aggressive strategy of eliminating national and religious identities. A similar logic of oneness is being applied now in the ideological formation of an independent Ukraine. However, rather than one Soviet people, now there is one Ukrainian people under which numerous historical tragedies are being subsumed, and the unique national tragedies of other peoples on the territory of Ukraine, such as the massive destruction of Jews, is again being suppressed. According to this political idea assiduously advocated most recently during the Yushchenko presidency, the twentieth century in Ukraine was a battle for liberation. Within this new, exclusive history, the Holocaust, again, has found no real place. The author reviews the complicated history regarding the memorialization of the Jewish tragedy in Babi Yar through three broad chronological periods: 1943–1960, 1961–1991, and 1992–2009. Keywords: Babi Yar; Jews in Ukraine; anti-Semitism; Holocaust At the core of the decades-long debate in Ukraine about the memorialization of the Jewish tragedy at Babi Yar lies a lack of acknowledgement of the Holocaust.
    [Show full text]
  • German Defeat/Red Victory: Change and Continuity in Western and Russian Accounts of June-December 1941
    University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection 2017+ University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2018 German Defeat/Red Victory: Change and Continuity in Western and Russian Accounts of June-December 1941 David Sutton University of Wollongong Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses1 University of Wollongong Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorise you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this work may be reproduced by any process, nor may any other exclusive right be exercised, without the permission of the author. Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. A court may impose penalties and award damages in relation to offences and infringements relating to copyright material. Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the University of Wollongong. Recommended Citation Sutton, David, German Defeat/Red Victory: Change and Continuity in Western and Russian Accounts of June-December 1941, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, School of Humanities and Social Inquiry, University of Wollongong, 2018.
    [Show full text]