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Ariel Davis : Utah Innovator Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Faculty Publications 2003 Illuminating Theatre / Ariel Davis : Utah Innovator J. Michael Hunter Brigham Young University - Provo, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/facpub Part of the Mormon Studies Commons, and the Theatre and Performance Studies Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Hunter, J. Michael, "Illuminating Theatre / Ariel Davis : Utah Innovator" (2003). Faculty Publications. 1406. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/facpub/1406 This Other is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. -- ~ -... --- Notes horses and could seat 40 children. field of elocution. 11 H er fa mily was so li vid While in U tah, Julia met James G. over her religious conve rsion that her mother I Jane Edwards, "Maud Adams' Cooper, Secretary of the Territory of Utah, said she would rather Maud May had had a Magic," Salt Lake Tribune, whom she married at the end of her Salt child out of wedlock and that she hoped her Jan. 5, 1997, j - 1. Lake stage experi ence in 1866. The Coopers tongue would be paralyzed if she publicly By]. M ich ae l H un t er 2 Edwards, j - 3. then left U tah fo r the East, but within a year defended the church.12 3 "Death of Maude Adams, Julia died during childbirth. Peti te in size ( 5'4") but strong in will End of Brilliant Stage Era," t was late one afternoon in the Daughters of Utah Pioneers and body, Maud May didn't simply come to archive, 1953. teach; she persisted in improving education, I 1860s at the Salt Lake Theatre. 4 Sandra Dean Brimhall, "Sara particula rl y fo r women. When her efforts to Rehearsal for that night's play was Alexander: Pioneer Actress and ~uud ~u-q l3ubcock establish a women's "phys ical culture" pro­ over. Artist Alfred Lambourne thought Dance1;" Utah Historical the Salt Lake Theatre was empty, but as Quarterly 4 (Fall 1998), 322. Maud May Babcock made a lasting gram were ignored, Maud May started a pri­ he was putting some fi nishing touches 5 Brimhall, 324. impact on speech and drama in Utah as the va te school fo r phys ical fitness and was one of on a scene he heard the so und of 6 Ila Fisher Maughn, Pioneer fo under of both the T heatre and Com­ the fo unders of the D ese ret Gymnasium.13 approaching footsteps. Looking up he T heater in the Dese rt (Salt munica tion departments, as well as the When students and fri ends stayed at her Lake City: Deseret Book, 1961), saw President Brigham Young inspect­ College of H ealth, Phys ical Educati on, and cabin in Brighton she took them on arduous 110. ing the water barrels and sa lt tanks that Recreati on at the U ni ve rsity of Utah. So sig­ hikes. One guest reca ll ed, "She would go up 7 Kate B. Carter, ed. Treasures stood to the sid e of the stage in case of of Pioneer H istory, 6 vols. (Salt ni fica nt was her influence that one of the the­ that hill leading all of us. It was a 3,000-foot fire. T hick crusts had fo rmed ove r the Lake City: Daughters of Utah atres at the Pioneer Memorial Theatre on the climb ... Maud was 63 yea rs old."14 Pioneers, 1952-57), 1 :94- 95. tops of the sa lt barrels. The president U nive rsity of Utah campus is named after her. During her fo rty-s ix-year university 8 Brimhall, 330- 31. shook his head, compressed his li ps, Susa Young Gates, daughter of Brigham career, Maud May, a popular but strict teacher, 9 Brimhall, 333. and then took the end of his gold­ Young and a summer student at H arvard directed over eight hundred plays, and taught JO Emma R. Olsen, "Leading headed cane and broke the crust. Ladies for the Dramatic Arts, " U nive rsity, painted such an intriguing pic­ speech and drama to thousa nds of students. Brigham Young was anxious about Daughters of Utah Pioneers ture of li fe in Utah that her elocution teacher, One of her speech students, Joseph F. Smith, fire sa fety, and fo r good reason. As one Lesson for November 1992, 119. Maud May Babcock, decided to come and who later se rved as sixth president of The Salt Lake T heatre actor explained, 11 Jane Edwards, "First Lady of teach fo r a one-year sojourn. T hat decision to Church of Jes us C hrist of Latter-day Saints, Drama," Salt Lake Tribune, "Many a bucket of sand was th rown on 23 June 1996, j - 1. leave the East in 1892 changed the course of re marked about her insistence on excellence : a bl azing lamp to stop an insipient 12 Twila lim Lee1; "Strong Maud May's entire life, fo r she was baptized "She could scorch a student or an entire cl ass fire."1 Theatres require a lot of light Voice from the East Found a member of The C hurch ofJes us C hrist of with a look. H er students had no diffi culty and in the yea rs before electricity, fires Resonance in the ltest, " Deseret Latter-day Sai nts fo ur months later and spent whatsoever in developing humility." 15 News, June 15- 26, 1996, B- 1. were a com mon occurrence . By the the rest of her life as a U tah res ide nt. Although Maud May's energetic vision 13 Lee1; B- 9. time the Salt Lake T heatre ca me along, Born in of a q uality unive rsity speech and drama pro­ 14 Edwards, j- 2. theatres had been experimenting with East Worcester, gram at times met with resistance, she was 15 Edwards, }- !. lighting fo r several centuries. New York, in undau nted and eventuall y witnessed the In sixteenth-century E ngland, 1867, Maud rea li zation of many of her dreams. O ne of entrepreneurs constructed buildings for May studied at her most significa nt contributions was the the presentati on of plays. T hese the­ the Philadelphia fo rmation of the nation's fi rst university pro­ atres were circ ular and open to the sky Nati onal School fess ional theatre com pan y. with onl y the stage being sheltered of O ratory and Maud May Babcock, often ca lled the from the weather. Perfo rmances were the Ameri can "grande dame" of Utah theatre, died at age mostl y give n by daylight. H owever, by Academy of 87 in 1954. The Babcock Theatre at D ramati c Art. Maude Adams, Sara Alexander, Julia the University of Utah is She became a Dean H ay ne, and Maud May Babcock all named after Maud May. recogni zed dazzled the stage and were truly fo ur grande leader in the dames of earl y Utah theatre. T 18 P I 0 NEE R rom1862 the end of the sixteenth ce ntury, some perfo r­ street mains, gas lighting did not come into F to 1872, mances were give n in the evenings in co m­ common use until mid- ninetee nth century. the Salt pletely encl osed theatres. Stage managers Since gas lighting could be regulated and M=•n. began to use stage lighting in the fo rm of Lake Theatre controll ed, elaborate lighting effects began to a nationally cressets, oil lamps, and ca ndles. C ressets were was lighted by be used in producti ons. known actor, metal (usually iron) containers fas tened to a During this same period, another roughly 150 coal said the follow­ pole or wa ll , fill ed with blazing pine knots, important form of ill umination developed: oil lamps. The ing about his and used as a torch or lantern. Oil lamps the limelight. In 1816, H enry Drummond size of the stage were open containers with fl oating wicks. discove red that by raising a piece of lime to a 1871 perfor­ accommodated By the earl y seventeenth ce ntury, stage high temperature, it became inca ndescent mance in the 16 footlights. managers were using footlights and side­ and gave out a brilliant white light. This ca l­ Salt Lake lights. This was accomplished by placing a cium light or limelight, ca me into general Theatre: "The row of oil lamps at the front edge of the stage, stage use around 1860. It was produced by stage manager out of sight of the audience, and also by plac­ combining a burning mixture of oxygen and was a man of ing ve rtical rows oflamps just behind each of hydrogen on a block oflime. The light was so wonderful the wings at the side of the stage. At the time, concentrated and locali zed that it was used as resources and fo otlights were ca ll ed "fl oatl ights" since the a spotlight on the hero of the play. I was struck old open-fl ame oil lamps were used fo r this From 1862 to 1872, the Salt Lake particularly with purpose. As the century progressed, ca ndle­ T heatre was lighted by roughly 150 coal oil his handling of powered chandeliers were hung above the lamps. The size of the stage accommodated the light effects. stage, and brac ket lamps were placed at the 16 footlights.
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