Afghan Insurgent Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures Field Guide
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Nomad Sedentarisation Processes in Afghanistan and Their Impact on Conflict Dr. Antonio Giustozzi September 2019 Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit Watching Brief Nomad Sedentarisation Processes in Afghanistan and Their Impact on Conflict Dr. Antonio Giustozzi September 2019 The information and views set out in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of AREU and European Union. Editor: Matthew Longmore ISBN: 978-9936-641-34-1 Front cover photo: AREU AREU Publication Code: 1905 E © 2019 This publication may be quoted, cited, or reproduced only for non-commercial purposes and provided that the source is acknowledged. The opinions expessed in this publication are those of the contributors and do not necessarily reflect that of AREU. Where this publication is reproduced, stored, or transmitted electronically, a link to AREU’s website (www.areu.org.af) should be provided. Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit 2019 Table of Contents About the Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit .................................................... II Introduction ........................................................................................................ 1 Past Experiences in Sedentarisation .......................................................................... 2 Sedentarisation Post-2001 ...................................................................................... 3 Drivers of Sedentarisation ......................................................................................... -
Pashto, Waneci, Ormuri. Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern
SOCIOLINGUISTIC SURVEY OF NORTHERN PAKISTAN VOLUME 4 PASHTO, WANECI, ORMURI Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan Volume 1 Languages of Kohistan Volume 2 Languages of Northern Areas Volume 3 Hindko and Gujari Volume 4 Pashto, Waneci, Ormuri Volume 5 Languages of Chitral Series Editor Clare F. O’Leary, Ph.D. Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan Volume 4 Pashto Waneci Ormuri Daniel G. Hallberg National Institute of Summer Institute Pakistani Studies of Quaid-i-Azam University Linguistics Copyright © 1992 NIPS and SIL Published by National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan and Summer Institute of Linguistics, West Eurasia Office Horsleys Green, High Wycombe, BUCKS HP14 3XL United Kingdom First published 1992 Reprinted 2004 ISBN 969-8023-14-3 Price, this volume: Rs.300/- Price, 5-volume set: Rs.1500/- To obtain copies of these volumes within Pakistan, contact: National Institute of Pakistan Studies Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Phone: 92-51-2230791 Fax: 92-51-2230960 To obtain copies of these volumes outside of Pakistan, contact: International Academic Bookstore 7500 West Camp Wisdom Road Dallas, TX 75236, USA Phone: 1-972-708-7404 Fax: 1-972-708-7433 Internet: http://www.sil.org Email: [email protected] REFORMATTING FOR REPRINT BY R. CANDLIN. CONTENTS Preface.............................................................................................................vii Maps................................................................................................................ -
The Crucial Development of Heavy Cavalry Under Herakleios and His Usage of Steppe Nomad Tactics Mark-Anthony Karantabias
The Crucial Development of Heavy Cavalry under Herakleios and His Usage of Steppe Nomad Tactics Mark-Anthony Karantabias The last war between the Eastern Romans and the Sassanids was likely the most important of Late Antiquity, exhausting both sides economically and militarily, decimating the population, and lay- ing waste the land. In Heraclius: Emperor of Byzantium, Walter Kaegi, concludes that the Romaioi1 under Herakleios (575-641) defeated the Sassanian forces with techniques from the section “Dealing with the Persians”2 in the Strategikon, a hand book for field commanders authored by the emperor Maurice (reigned 582-602). Although no direct challenge has been made to this claim, Trombley and Greatrex,3 while inclided to agree with Kaegi’s main thesis, find fault in Kaegi’s interpretation of the source material. The development of the katafraktos stands out as a determining factor in the course of the battles during Herakleios’ colossal counter-attack. Its reforms led to its superiority over its Persian counterpart, the clibonarios. Adoptions of steppe nomad equipment crystallized the Romaioi unit. Stratos4 and Bivar5 make this point, but do not expand their argument in order to explain the victory of the emperor over the Sassanian Empire. The turning point in its improvement seems to have taken 1 The Eastern Romans called themselves by this name. It is the Hellenized version of Romans, the Byzantine label attributed to the surviving East Roman Empire is artificial and is a creation of modern historians. Thus, it is more appropriate to label them by the original version or the Anglicized version of it. -
PDMC Laghman Meeting Minutes
Laghman Provincial Disaster Management Committee (PDMC) Meeting Minutes Provincial Governor’s Office – Wednesday, 04 March, 2015 Participants: WFP, UNICEF, WHO, NCRO, SERVE, IRC, NRC, MADERA, SCA, IOM, DRC, ARCS, OCHA, ANDMA, ANA, ANP, DRRD, DoPH, DoRR, DoEnvironment, DoEducation, DoPW, DoAIL, Governor’s Office and other government officials. A. Introduction and Opening Remarks of Provincial Governor: On Wednesday 04 October 15, the Provincial Governor (PG) for Laghman called a Provincial Disaster Management Committee meeting (PDMC). After a short round of introductions, the PG welcomed PDMC members, further he extend of condolences with families, lost their family members due to recent rainfall, snowfall/avalanches and flood particularly to the people of Laghman province and he also highlighted on recent natural hazards (Rainfall, Flood and Snowfall) occurred on 25 February, 2015. The PG gratitude from humanitarian community’s efforts for there on timely response to the affected families he also appreciated the ANSAF’s on time action in rescued the people in Mehterlam and Qarghayi districts of Laghman province, especially ANA rescued 90 Nomad people Marooned in Qarghayi district of Laghman. The PG also highlighted on devastation caused by rainfall and flood which lifted 5 killed, 13 injured, about more than 500 families affected, 800 Jirebs or 400 Acores Agriculture land/Crops washed away and about 39 irrigation canal and intakes severely damaged or destroyed. The PG calcified devastations in three categories to facilitate the response for both (Humanitarian Community and Government line departments). 1. Response to Emergency need and saves lives. 2. Mid-terms actions as reactivation of irrigation system (cleaning of intakes and irrigation canal) opening the routs. -
Afghanistan: Annual Report 2014
AFGHANISTAN ANNUAL REPORT 2014 PROTECTION OF CIVILIANS IN ARMED CONFLICT © 2014/Ihsanullah Mahjoor/Associated Press United Nations Assistance Mission United Nations Office of the High in Afghanistan Commissioner for Human Rights Kabul, Afghanistan February 2015 Kabul, Afghanistan July 2014 Source: UNAMA GIS January 2012 AFGHANISTAN ANNUAL REPORT 2014 PROTECTION OF CIVILIANS IN ARMED CONFLICT United Nations Assistance Mission United Nations Office of the High in Afghanistan Commissioner for Human Rights Kabul, Afghanistan February 2015 Photo on Front Cover © 2014/Ihsanullah Mahjoor/Associated Press. Bodies of civilians killed in a suicide attack on 23 November 2014 in Yahyakhail district, Paktika province that caused 138 civilian casualties (53 killed including 21 children and 85 injured including 26 children). Photo taken on 24 November 2014. "The conflict took an extreme toll on civilians in 2014. Mortars, IEDs, gunfire and other explosives destroyed human life, stole limbs and ruined lives at unprecedented levels. The thousands of Afghan children, women and men killed and injured in 2014 attest to failures to protect civilians from harm. All parties must uphold the values they claim to defend and make protecting civilians their first priority.” Nicholas Haysom, United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary-General in Afghanistan, December 2014, Kabul “This annual report shows once again the unacceptable price that the conflict is exacting on the civilian population in Afghanistan. Documenting these trends should not be regarded -
3A7b666d3616ccc5492576df
DISEASES EARLY WARNING SYSTEM th February 22, 2010 WEEKLY MORBIDITY & MORTALITY REPORT 4 Year , Issue –07 Flu Updates: The following Activities have been done Epid Week 07, 2010 HIGHLIGHTS - So far we have 953 confirmed cases of AH1N1 in the country. ¾ Out of 182 Sentinel sites, 182 sentinel sites have sent their -The total number of deaths reported till now is 17. reports in Week-07 of 2010; 22 treatment sites activated in Kabul province and all provincial and regional ¾ Out of total 169,766 events recorded in week-07 of 2010, hospitals have facilities for treatment and sample collection, the tamiflu and PPEs distributed to all provinces. 53,311(31.4%) consultations were reported due to DEWS target diseases. The positive cases reported from the below provinces: Kabul,Balkh,Hirat,Kandahar,Nangarhar,Bamyan,Hilmand,Takhar, ¾ Main causes of consultations this week are ARI (26.5%) and Panjsher,Baghlan,,Ghazni,Parwan,Kundoz,Badakhshan,Faryab,Ghor, ADD (3.9%) from total clients in a continuing trend from Badghis,Jawzjan,Nooristan,Konar, Daikundi, Samangan the week before. - CCC (command and control center) is functional ¾ 80 death cases caused due to Pneumonia, Meningitis/SIC - Three telephone hotlines are open to help people, 0798644004 and Diarrheal diseases, so that 67 cases due to 0798665085 – 0798660829 - Intensive surveillance to detect A H1N1 in the country is functional; daily pneumonia/ARI, 1 death cases due to diarrheal diseases and 12 deaths cases reported due to Meningitis and Severely reports are allocated, compiled and shared with all stakeholders. - 177 sentinel sites are functional in the country and reporting on the Ill Children. -
East Iranian Languages Ormuri and Pariici in Afghanistan
• Language Death. International Journal of the Soci<( ,gy of Language, 12 (1977) • Language Death. Linguistics, 191 (1977) --- CHARLES KIEFFER east Iranian Languages Ormuri and PariiCi in Afghanistan INTRODUCTION ' On the eastern edge of the Iranian plateau there is a linguistic area remarkable in many respects. It is not only marked by ancient and un interrupted contacts with Iranian and Indo-Aryan languages and by a multiplicity of languages reflecting the multitude of ethnic groups, but also by the coexistence of t~Q!~~I!tt~Jing!!!~!Lc;J~v.!<)s: an ancient level, that of the Kafir 1 and Dardic2 languages, scarcely notic_s;D. by the tria:,· eel new arrivals; a second, of which today only two languages are flourish [urvit~i~4ing, the lJrmuri3 ;~(fthe Partil:i; 4 and a more recent level constituted by ( the last arriv~ls, the Pasta and the Persi~n languag~s. 5 As at numerous other points of the Iranian plateau, one is witnessing ~~ a progressive reduction in linguistic diversity. Economic growth and political unification are going hand in hand with the elimination of languages which have ceased to be or which did not succeed in becoming local, national, or official languages. Here as elsewhere one invokes a number of evolutionary phenomena, planned or not. The strengthening of central power, the development of means of communication, the rise of mass media, making the population literate, the intermixing of the population, particularly by the required military service and by the moving of laborers indispensable for the works of public utility, the spontaneous or forced assimilation of the minorities, etc., are also factors of the economic, political, and social framework in which the authoritarian promotion of certain privileged languages and the elimination of others is manifested. -
Annual Report 2014
DACAAR Annual Report 2014 Cover photo: Senior staff members cutting the cake at DACAAR’s 30th anniversary ceremony, Kabul, August 28, 2014 CONTENTS ABOUT DACAAR 1 BASIC FACTS 1 MISSION, VISION AND VALUES 2 DIRECTOR’S INTRODUCTION 3 DACAAR’S APPROACH AND AREAS OF INTERVENTION 4 DACAAR’S BENEFICIARIES 5 DACAAR’S COMMUNITY BASED APPROACH 5 CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES AND OTHER STRATEGIC PRIORITIES 5 DACAAR’S CONTRIBUTION TO NATIONAL PLANS 6 OVERALL ACHIEVEMENTS DURING 2014 6 DACAAR’S ACTIVITIES IN AFGHANISTAN 7 WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE (WASH) 9 NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (NRM) 13 SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT (SSED) 15 WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT (WE) 17 NATIONAL SOLIDARITY PROGRAMME (NSP) 19 ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT 21 USE OF FUNDS 22 THE FUTURE 23 Access full PDF downloads from www.dacaar.org/resources/annual-report Copyright © 2015 | All rights reserved. Reproduction: Contents of this publication may be reproduced with prior permission. 1 | DACAAR | Annual Report 2014 ABOUT DACAAR DACAAR is a non-political, non-governmental, non-profit development/humanitarian organisation that has been working to improve the lives of the Afghan people since 1984. DACAAR works in rural and peri-urban areas and aims at improving livelihoods through sustainable activities that engage Afghan communities to be agents of their own development process. DACAAR employs a holistic approach to all its rural development activities in order to ensure long-term sustainability of projects. While the bulk of DACAAR’s programming is development focused, the organisation continues to maintain a strong humanitarian presence in order to respond to the various humanitarian needs across its geographical areas of intervention. -
Knowledge on Fire: Attacks on Education in Afghanistan Risks and Measures for Successful Mitigation
Knowledge on Fire: Attacks on Education in Afghanistan Risks and Measures for Successful Mitigation September 2009 CARE International in Afghanistan and the Afghan Ministry of Education gratefully acknowledge the financial, technical, and moral support of the World Bank as the initiator and champion of this study, and in particular, Asta Olesen and Joel Reyes, two dedicated members of the Bank’s South Asia regional Team. We would further like to thank all of the respondents who gave of their time, effort, and wisdom to help us better understand the phenomenon of attacks on schools in Afghanistan and what we may be able to do to stop it. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. Author: Marit Glad Assistants: Massoud Kohistani and Abdul Samey Belal Desk research, elaboration of tools and trainings of survey team: Waleed Hakim. Data collection: Coordination of Afghan Relief/Organization for Sustainable Development and Research (CoAR/OSDR). This study was conducted by CARE on behalf of the World Bank and the Ministry of Education, with the assistance of CoAR/OSDR. Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary.................................................................................................. 1 2 Introduction............................................................................................................... 6 2.1 HISTORY..............................................................................................................................7 -
Lest We Forget Pfc
Vanguard Voice Volume 3, Issue 2 Lest We Forget Pfc. Barrett Austin’s Warriors Walk Tree Dedication Page 9 July Volume 3 2013 Issue 2 July 2013 Vanguard Voice Volume 3, Issue 2 Table of Contents Page 3 Message to the Troops from Vanguard 6 and Vanguard 7 Page 4 Vanguard twins are brothers in arms Page 5 195 ‘Dog Face’ Soldiers awarded combat badges Page 6 Mortar training increases ANA’s capability on battlefield Page 7 Afghan forces lead combined patrol U.S. Soldiers with the 4th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division, take a tour of the renovated Task Force Van- with US Soldiers guard Wounded Warrior Center May 4, 2013, at Bagram Airfield in Parwan province, Afghanistan. (U.S. Army Photo by Sgt. Sarah Bailey, 703rd BSB UPAR) Page 8 Afghan artillerymen gain technological Visit our DVIDS page for other stories and videos. experience to improve firing ability Page 9 Lest We Forget Page 10 Vanguard dining facility named best in Army Page 11 Gone, but not forgotten Page 12 Chaplain’s Corner Page 13 Safety First—Heat Injury Prevention Page 14 SHARP - What is it? Page 15 Equal Opportunity U.S. Army Sgt. Miguel Thomas, a native of Orlando, Fla., and a mem- ber of Company B, 4-3 Brigade Special Troops Battalion, 4th Infantry Page 16 Contact Us! Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division, walks through a field dur- ing a security patrol near Combat Outpost Soltan Khel, Afghanistan, June 6, 2013. U.S. Soldiers continue to conduct security patrols with Afghan security forces to eliminate enemy activity in the area. -
Guerrilla Warfare Tactics in Urban Environments
GUERRILLA WARFARE TACTICS IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS A thesis presented to the Faculty of the US Army Command and General Staff College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF MILITARY ART AND SCIENCE General Studies by PATRICK D. MARQUES, MAJ, USA B.A., Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, 1990 Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 2003 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burder for this collection of information is estibated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burder to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED (FROM - TO) 06-06-2003 thesis 05-08-2002 to 06-06-2003 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER GUERRILLA WARFARE TACTICS IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS 5b. GRANT NUMBER Unclassified 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER Marques, Patrick, D 5e. -
Afghanistan Rule of Law Project
AFGHANISTAN RULE OF LAW PROJECT FIELD STUDY OF INFORMAL AND CUSTOMARY JUSTICE IN AFGHANISTAN AND RECOMMENDATIONS ON IMPROVING ACCESS TO JUSTICE AND RELATIONS BETWEEN FORMAL COURTS AND INFORMAL BODIES Contracted under USAID Contract Number: DFD-I-00-04-00170-00 Task Order Number: DFD-1-800-00-04-00170-00 Afghanistan Rule of Law Project Checchi and Company Consulting, Inc. Afghanistan Rule of Law Project House #959, St. 6 Taimani iWatt Kabul, Afghanistan Corporate Office: 1899 L Street, NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20036 USA June 2005 This publication was prepared for the United States Agency for International Development. TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION AND STUDY METHODOLOGY .............................................................1 II. BACKGROUND OF INFORMAL AND CUSTOMARY JUSTICE.......................................4 A. Definition and Characteristics..........................................................................................................4 B. Recent Studies...................................................................................................................................6 C. Jirga and Shura..................................................................................................................................7 III. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS............................................................9 A. The Informal System ........................................................................................................................9 B. The Formal System.........................................................................................................................12