3 = ELECTRICAL REVIEW

VffL. CXXXIX. DECEM BER 13, 1946 VW0. 3603

9 w y p

WHO first gave England house-to-house electric lighting ? 'X

WHO first took electric light down ^ coal mine ?

I / / \ WHO first took electricity to the Himalayas ? v

WHO first electrically lighted the Law Courts ?

WHO first electrified Tilbury Docks ? \ ( WHO first electrically lighted a railway train ?

f r o m p t o n

liy lh the mm ii E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

This busbar is camera-shy

A S the photographer ruefully remarked, the busbar in­ stallation serving a travelling welder at Messrs. G. A. Harvey & Co. (London) Ltd. is very unobtrusive. It runs unassumingly among other essential gear and structural details in this firm’s heavy welding shop. Interesting features are the ingenious movable clip device tapping the power and the heavy loading attained without detriment in six years’ trouble-free service. For smaller as well as large-scale installations, aluminium busbars are easy to put in, economical in cost and maintenance, and do their job efficiently.

BRITISH ALUM INIUM BUSBARS RISING POWER MAINS S.C.A.

Issued by THE BRITISH ALUMINIUM CO. LTD., SALISBURY HOUSE, LONDON, E.C.z ber 13, 194b E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

P S ć yćJ?

This automatically-controlled HEATRAE Electric Water Heater is indeed a boon to us housewives. Just the type we’ve always wanted, providing instant hot water when required. Although men won’t acknowledge it, they ARE impatient, but my husband cannot speak too highly of Heatrae for its instancy at all times.

leaders in electric water heaters

HEATRAE LTD., NORWICH GRAMS : HEATRAE, NORWICH • PHONE : NORWICH 2513

Sole Manufacturers of SOUND TERMINAL WITHOUT SOLDER

'WESTMINSTER' ARCLAMPS E a g g g g g g g g Fo r S u lta b l. fo r Tel.phon. Linas Photography F O R C A B L E S S IZ E S F R O M and A N D W IR E S W l *' *° *' M edical OF ALL KINOS W m j l H O L E purposes Ross Courtney & Co. Ltd. M A K E R S O F — ASHBROOK ROAD, LONDON, N.I9 Electric Welding Machines and Patent Scaling Machines. Spot, Seam and Butt Welders. " Westminster M Carbon Brush H cid e rs . •• Partridge ” Earthing Devices and Pressure Detectors. PACKING SCRIWS to the spec­ Dyn’ mos, Motors, Alternators M- and Transformers Rewound ific require- □ and Re-constructed ments of our cu sto m e rs Telephone : Elgar 7372 (2 lines) Makers of all Telegrams : “ Regency, Phone, London ” types of repe­ tition products The WESTMINSTER from the bar in ENGINEERING CO. LTD. all metals VICTORIA ROAD, WILLESDEN JUNCTION M C L*"» REPETITIO N LTD POOL LANE • LAN S LEV - BIRM IN GH AM . LONDON, N.W.IO 2 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

R O M t h e world - famous Terry factory come steel clips, bronze clips, stainless clips, big clips, little clips, wide clips, narrow clips — in fact clips in every con­ ceivable shape and size. Illustrated here are two of our stock patterns, 8o and 8i, made in a range of sizes to grip from j in. to i£ in. Maybe a clip of special shape would be necessary for the job you have in mind. Well, we can help you because we make clips for hundreds of uses. We can make to print or specifica­ tion, or our Research Department will design for you. Our knowledge of clips has advanced side by side with our 91 years’ spring-making experience, and we should like to send you our catalogue.

Sole Makers: HERBERT TERRY & SONS LTD., REDDITCH L O N D O N MANCHESTER BIRMINGHAM

¿ y r i m

^ and just a few special shapes we have made to order. T.C.. Established 1855 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 3

WE REGRET OUR INABILITY TO KEEP OUR FRIENDS FULLY SUPPLIED WITH (§> SWITCH AND DISTRIBUTION GEAR WE HOPE TO MORE THAN SATISFY EXISTING DEMANDS WHEN THE CERAMIC POSITION IMPROVES IN THE MEANTIME PLEASE REMEMBER THAT WE ARE DOING OUR BEST UNDER DIFFICULT CONDITIONS

BILL SWITCHGEAR LTD ASTON LANE, PERRY BARR BIRMINGHAM - 20

ph o n e: birchfielos sou cram s: b il s w it c h ; b h a m E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

ÎÔUNTA1NS A b b i i

FOUNTAINS ABBEY RIPON

A monastic ruin, founded by the Cistercians in 1135. St. Bernard sent one of his monks to direct building operations

CRYSE

MADE IN ENGLAND

FIFTY YEARS OF Q U A L IT Y & S E R V IC E

BIRMINGHAM BURY ST EDMUNDS LEEDS LONDON BRIGHTON CARDIFF LEICESTER MANCHESTER BRISTOL GLASGOW LIVERPOOL NEWCASTLE

CRYSELCO LIMITED, KEMPSTON WORKS, BEDFORD December 13, 1946 Electrical R e v ie w 5

THE ELECTRICAL CIR

The BTH Company has, during the past 50 years, borne a predominant reputation for the quality and reliability of its products, and has contributed materially to the progressive efficiency and productiveness of British Industry, A large proportion of the electrical equipment used in industry is made in the BTH Works, and includes turbo-alternators ; generators, including heavy electrolytic generators ; switchgear : transformers ; rectifiers ; mining and rolling mill machinery ; every kind of motor and control gear, Including elec­ tronic and amplidyne control ; Mazda lamps, Mazda Fluorescent lamps, and Mazdalux lighting equipment. BTH has also contributed a generous quota to the efficiency of the aeroplane and especially to the development of Air Commodore W hittle’s gas turbine.

BTH RUGBY TnE BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON COM LAN Y LIMITED. RUGBY. ENGLAND, A 3 ¡>52 é ñ 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

JOSEPH SANKEY £ SONS L'° BILSTON STAFFS.

I.ONDON OFFICE: 168 REGENT STREET. LO N D O N W.l December J3. 1946 E le c tr ic a l R eview 7

h ) l o ' i ( m v iM

Big holes . . . medium holes . . . or “baby” holes . . . from 1 inch down to | of an inch ... it’s child’s play with

tools. More than forty years of experience is built into all

( 6 NS6 UDAT60pNEVMATIC TOOL j|jj) CO. LTD.

AIR COMPRESSORS • PNEUMATIC TOOLS • ELECTRIC TOOLS • VACUUM PUMPS OIL WELL TOOLS ROCK DRILLS • DIESEL ENGINES DIAMOND DRILLS ' CONTRACTORS' EQUIPMENT 8 E l e c t r ic a l R eview December 13, 1946

THE BEST WORK X ou wouldn't know the DEMANDS THE old Savings Group since Jim BEST LIGHT took over! ”

In most concerns post-war changes of staff have found capable volunteers ready to take over Savings Groups ; but here and there, sometimes unavoidably, groups THE D & G have lapsed. It is in the interest of employers and employees alike that group savings should forge ahead, because a G I R D E R keen Savings Group is a sign of happy relationships, besides being a national asset. Are you doing all you can to make FITTINGS your Staff Savings Group a success ? Steady saving is as vital as ever. # Gives Concentration of Light on the JOB. New groups New members If you have no Staff If you have a Savings # Shielded from operator’s eyes. Savings Group, will you Group, will you do ail get one started right you can to encourage # Horizontal or Vertical Mounting. away ? Every place of the Staff to join ?— employment should have ‘every employee a group its own Group. member ’ should be the # Single, Double or Three Arm aim. Extension. Facilities Savings clubs # Illustrated Catalogue sent on Experience shows that These are the ideal way the fullest facilities in­ of saving for holidays, request. duce the highest Savings. Christmas or other Ask your Local Savings special occasions. Clubs Committee or Assistant are popular, easy to run DRAKE & GORHAM Commissioner for de­ and need not interfere tails of the various with your Savings WHOLESALE LTD. schemes. Group. 77 LONG ACRE, LONDON, W.C.2 Information, equipment and publicity material are provided free of charge— apply to your Local Savings Telephone : TEMple Bar 3993 Committee or to the National Savings Committee. Sanctuary Buildings, Westminster, S.W .] MANCHESTER-29 Piccadilly. BRIGHTO N —2d Marlborough Place. G LA SG O W —182 St. Vincent Street. It’s easier to save in a B R IS T O L —2 & 4 Church Street, Temple. DUBLIN— 2 Church Lane, College Green. STAFF SAVINGS GROUP Midland Representative : W . T. BOW ER, 184 Jockey Road, Sutton* Coldfield Issued by the National Savings Committee December 13, 1946 El e c t r ic a l R eview 9

M R P O f l r EQUIPMENT

Your airport equipment must give safe, efficient and trouble-free service. We can supply and install a wide range of electrical appliances including: signal, control and radio frequency cables, runway lighting equipment and radio masts and towers, all expressly designed to satisfy operators’ needs.

BRITISH INSULATED CALLENDER’S CABLES LIMITED NORFOLK HOUSE, NORFOLK STREET, LONDON W.C.2 1 0 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 1 !

THE FIRST 10 kV. TRANSFORMER (I50h.p.) EVER BUILT This Ferranti Trans­ former, built 56 years ago, embodied a ducted core and ducted wind­ ings—Two fundamental features of design-used in the large High Voltage Power Transformer 4 o f to-d ay. R I N T I t a n 4 -fa tm e t à-

A 40,000 kVA Ferranti Power Transformer of modern design

FERRANTI LÏ? HOLL1NWOOD, LANCS. London Office : KERN HOUSE • KINGSW AYW C 2

FT70

vyyyy/yy///y//y/yyyyy////////y//y////yyy//yyyyyy/'//y/yy////'.' m m 12 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w D ecem ber 13, 1 9 4 6

BURCO V 840. Cabinet type Electric Wash Boiler

Post war design at its best

BURCO LTD ROSE GROVE BURNLEY

ELECTRICAL PRODUCTS FOR THE MODERN ENGINEER ELECTRIC SOLDERING IRONS (4 M O D E L S ) INSTRUMENT. WIRELESS. UNIVERSAL GENERAL PURPOSE FO R VOLTAGES FROM 6 — 250

NEON 3 MODELS INDICATOR FROM STOCK GLOW LAMPS ANY VOLTAGE

0 V E R 100 VOLTS WIRELESS AND INSTRUMENT MODELS HIGH QUALITY ILLUSTRATED Other products include ELECTRIC WELDING AND BRAZING MACHINES • PLUG TESTERS • MAINS TESTERS ASK FOR FULLY ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE THE ACRU ELECTRIC TOOL MANUFACTURING CO. LTD. 123 HYDE ROAD, ARDWICK, MANCHESTER, 12. Phone : ARD 4284 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 13

MOTORS»LTEB F. HIGGS 1

BIRMINGHAM 6 ENGLAND

RATIONED OUTPUT The very term and ail its attendant dissatisfaction are extremely abhorrent to us. Yet we are com­ pelled in our customers’ interests to resort to these measures to ensure equitable distribution of HIGGS MOTORS, the huge demand for which considerably exceeds current output.

Belfast, Birmingham, Bristol, Dundee, Glasgow', London, Manchester, Nottingham, Peterborough, Sheffield, Wolverhampton. 14 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 194.6 New & Reconditioned ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT For Sale A.C. Motors -.50 H.P. RECONDITIONED PROTECTED TYPE S LIP R IN G M O T O R , by " B .T .H .” , 400 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles, 480 r.p.m., fitted w ith three pedestal type bearings ; motor mounted on cast iron baseplate. Complete with Liquid Rotor Starter and Switch Cubicle containing triple-pole oil circuit breaker. D.C. Motors 200 H.P. R E C O N D IT IO N E D O P E N T Y P E S H U N T IN T E R P O L E M O T O R , by “ Bruce Peebles,” 440 volts D.C., 635 r.p.m. ; fitted with three pedestal type ring oil bearings ; motor mounted on cast iron baseplate. 114 H.P. RECONDITIONED PROTECTED TYPE SHUNT INTERPOLE MOTOR, by “ Mavor & Coulson,” 500 volts D .C ., 750 r.p.m. ; fitted w ith tw o end shield VAR I AC ring oil bearings. NO H.P. RECONDITIONED DRIP PROOF COM P O U N D W O U N D M O T O R , by “ B .T .H .” , 500 volts D.C., REGULATING 740 r.p.m. ; fitted with two endshield ring oil bearings. Motor Converter Set 750 k.w. “ BRUCE PEEBLES " LA COUR PATENT TRANSFORMERS 1,000 H.P. Protected Synch M otor, 6,600 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles ; mounted on cast iron baseplate and direct coupled to 750 k.w. Compound Interpole Generator, 230 volts, 3,260 amps, 428 r.p.m. W it h A ir Cooled Rotor Resistance Starter and Generator Regulator. Diesel Alternator Sets 200 k.w. DIRECT-COUPLED DIESEL DRIVEN ALTER­ NATING SET, comprising 300 b.h.p. “ Williams & Robinson ” 4-cylinder Vertical Blast-lniection Diesel Engine direct coupled to 250 kVA “ Brush ” 0-8 p.f. A lte rn ato r, 3,300 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles ; together w ith Step-down Transform er, 3,300 volts/440 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles. Engine rebuilt by makers in 1945. 35 kVA DIRECT-COUPLED DIESEL DRIVEN ALTER­ The Type 50 B Variac, NATING SET, comprising 45 b.h.p. 4-cylinder Vertical Cold-Starting Diesel Engine, by “ Ruston & Hornsby,” handling 7 k V A a t 230 V in rep resents direct coupled to 35 kVA Alternator by “ W . H. Allen,” a valuable addition to the Variac 440 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles. range, and will find many applications in industry. Welding Equipment MODERN 60 kVA “ Metro-Vick ” Flash Butt Welder, suitable for welding solid steel sections from 2 to 3-5 50 B 7kVA input 230 V (tap at 115 sq. in. Input 400/440 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles. V ), output 0-230 or 0-270V. Rated current 20 amps. Max. 31 amps. Further particulars andprices on application

Excellent deliveries can be arranged. Most types are in stock. Other Variac types range W e hold stocks of Generating from 165 watts to 7 kW. Write for bulletin Plant, Alternators, Dynamos, 424 E and circular 145 E for complete data. Motors, Transformers, Switchgear, Welders, Plating Sets, E lectric Tools, etc., etc.

Send your enquiries and offer your surplus plant to :

ELECTRICAL AND RADIO LABORATORY APPARATUS ETC. TH05 W. WARD LTD fko~ ALBION WORKS • SHEFFIELD H Ë 2 T -- c f W v ^ Dependabllili). "uur 180 Tottenham Court Road, London,W.l And 76 Old hall Street. Liverpool 3, Lancs December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 15 THE COMPLETE RANGE OF ENGLISH ELECTRIC' T Y P E ‘ T ’ HIGH RUPTURING CAPACITY CARTRIDGE FUSE LINKS HAS BEEN A.S.T.A. CER TIFIED FOR, COMPLIANCE WITH B.S.S. 88-1939 CATEGORY OF DUTY 440 AC4 (25,000 kVA at 440 VOLTS)

A.S.T.A. RATING RANGE OF CURRENT LIST No. CERTIFICATE No. AMPS. RATINGS AVAILABLE

617 30 TIA 30 2 to 30 Amps.

616 60 TIS 60 35 to 60 Amps.

615 100 TC 100 80 to 100 Amps.

251 200 TF 200 125 to 200 Amps.

252 300 TKF 300 250 to 300 Amps.

629 400 TM 400 350 to 400 Amps.

354 500 TTM 500 450 to 500 Amps.

353 800 TLT 800 550 to 800 Amps.

Gccefited a i M z Standard of Saaicfy and Pe^m ance die. dOfrdd Ofen.

THE ENGLISH ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED London Office : QUEEN'S HOUSE, KINGSWAY, LONDON, W .C.2 FUSEGEAR WORKS .... STAFFORD 16 ELhCTRiCAL R e v ie w December 13, 1946 OVERLAMP REFLECTORS FOR GAS FILLED LAMPS THORUIXFOR EASY MAINTENANCE—THE BEST.

Watt. T S 170 1 2 " 40-60 *J 1 " SI- T S 175 14" 100 “11" 919 T S 177 14" 150 1 -1-" 919 T S 904 14" 100 BC 18/- T S 906 14" 150 18/6 BC 66f% T S 908 14" 150 19/9 ES Advance. SLIP-IT-ON. T S 910 16" 200 ES 21/6 T S 912 18" 300 G 30/6 SLIP-IT-OFF. T S 914 18" 500 G 33/- OVER THE LAMP T S 916 2 0 " 750/1000 G 38/6 FOR CLEANING. Thorlux Overlamp Maintenance Scheme. Have one spare clean reflector. Remove dirty one (lift, turn, and it’s off). Replace with clean one. Repeat over whole installation. Thorlux Wiring Box. Remove Lid, connect Mains and Earth, Replace Lid— Job's done (The W irem an’s Friend). A SUCCESSFUL & MOST POPULAR HIGH QUALITY REFLECTOR, IN LARGE DEMAND BY GOVERNMENT DEPTS., LARGE & SMALL INDUSTRIAL PLANTS. SAMPLES— With Pleasure.

F W THORPE LTD.ÂÊeÊS BIRMINGHAM28 Telegrams THORLUX. B'HAM 28 Telephone: SPR!NGT/ELO 3 3 / 8-9 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R ev ie w

“ MOULDINGS OF MERIT” IN LARGE QUANTITIES IN BAKELITE, UREA, CELLULOSE ACETATE AND ALLIED PLASTICS

LEOPOLD ROAD, ANGEL ROAD, EDMONTON, LONDON, N.I8. Tel.: TOTTENHAM 1491 A t 1 0 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

NDUS t RY

The call upon equipment tor electrical supply is heavy and increasing.

When production and maintenance resources are strained it is more than ever essential to ensure safety and freedom from trouble by installing only the best obtainable transmission material. specify C.M.A.

Rfgdi Trade Mark S o t. 666. 686-6-T CABLES

MEMBERS OF THE C.M.A.

The Anchor Cable W . T. Glover & Co. Ltd. Liverpool Electric Cable Pirelli-General Cable Co. Ltd. Greengate & Irw ell Co. Ltd. Works Ltd. (General British Insulated Rubber Co. Ltd. Electric Co. Ltd.) Callender’s Cables Ltd. The London Electric St. Helens Cable & W . T. H e n le y’s Telegraph Connollys(Blackley) Ltd. W ir e Co. and Smiths Ltd. Rubber Co. Ltd. Works Co. Ltd. The Craigpark Electric Siemens Brothers & Johnson & Phillips Ltd. The Macintosh Cable Co. Cable Co. Ltd. Ltd. Co. Ltd.(Siemens Electric Crompton Parkinson The India Rubber, Gutta- Lamps and Supplies Ltd.) Ltd. (Derby Cables Ltd.) Percha & Telegraph The Metropolitan Standard Telephones Enfield Cables Ltd. Works Co. Ltd. Electric Cable & & Cables Ltd. Edison Swan Cables Ltd. (The Sllvertown Co.) Construction Co. Ltd. Union Cable Co. Ltd.

Advt. of the Cable Makers’ Association, High Holborn House, S2-54 High Holborn, W .C.I. Holborn 7633 Decem ber 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 19

§ ¡1 1 B R A N C H E S • London, Birmingham, Cardiff. Both, Manchester, Leeds. Newcastle, Glasgow, Belfast, Dublin. 2 0 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

33 kV. and PILOT CABLES

BEING INSTALLED AT BEDFORD Borough of Bedford Electricity Undertaking Chief Engineer & General Manager P. G. CAMPLING, M .I.E.E., M.I.Mech.E.

SIEMENS BROTHERS AC?, LT.D W O O L W IC H , L O N D O N ; S.E.I8 ESTABLISHED 1850 Telephono : WOOLWICH 2020 December 13, 1946 F l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 21 Before Joule....

Thirty-five years before the birth of

James Prescott Joule, the firm of

Thomas Bolton was founded in 1783. It isbecause of this early foundation that they have been enabled to play such a prominent part in the history of the electrical industry. Un­ cannily anticipating the needs of the manufacturers, they were able to meet demands which were novel and unprecedented. For well over a century they have served the electrical industry faithfully, as is

known to all in this field of activity.

Their policy in the future will

follow the tradition of the past. ESTABLISHED 1783

THOMAS BOLTON & SONS, LTD.

Specialists since 1783

COPPER AND COPPER ALLOY MANUFACTURERS.

WIRE, SHEET. STRIP. STRAND. PLATES. BARS.

RODS. TUBES. SECTIONS. MACHINED PARTS.

Contractors to Home, Colonial & Foreign Government Services; Railway and Transport Companies HEAD OFFICE: WIDNES, LANCS. (TEL. WIDNES 2022). LONDON OFFICE: 168 REGENT ST. W.l. (REGENT 6427-8-9 ) CVS- 15 2 2 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w D ecem b er 13, 1946 ARON METERS

IN AS GREAT DEMAND AS EVER

THE “ FLUXITE QUINS AT WORK “ /‘d like to know the big goose ■ i i Who turned all these ball bearings loose ; And also the kite Who yelled ' Fetch the FLU XITE.’ I'm, whacked to the wide. W h a t's the use f ”

For all SOLDERIN G work—you need FLU X ITE- che paste flux—with which even dirty metals are soldered and '* tinned.** For the jointing of lead —without solder and the " running ** of white metal bearings—without “ tinning ** the bearing. It is suitable for ALL METALS—excepting ALUM IN IUM —and can be used with safety on ELECTRICAL and other sensitive apparatus. W ith FLU X IT E joints can be ** wiped ” success- fully that are impossible by any other method. Used for over 30 years in Government works and by leading Engineers and Manufacturers. OF A LL IRON M O N GERS in tins— I0d., 1/6 and 3/-. The “ FLUXITE GUN ** puts FLUXITE where you want It by a simple pressure Price 116 o r filled 2/6 w . & J.R . THOMPSON (WOODTURNERS) L'i FLUXITE CROSS HILLS SIMPLIFIES ALL SOLDERING KEIGHLEY YORKS TS LfPHONE. Write for Leaflets on Case-Hardening Steel and Tempering Tools I C R O S S HILLS 312-3 with F L U X I T E, also on '• Wiped " joints. Price Id. each. TELEGRAMS FLUXITE LTD. (Dept. R.F.), Bermondsey St., S E.l I "TURNWOODrCROSSHIllS

2 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

H a w k i n s

A djustable general WORKS : ENFIELD, MIDDLESEX. Q E.R.46 HEAVY DUTY utility P. & B. Insulating Tape is extensively used where rugged ‘ toughness ’ is essen­ tial — for motor leads, trolley poles, Lam p wrapping machine cables in mines and for a variety of purposes in shipbuilding. The model illustrated above is undoubtedly the most popular product of its kind in the LONG LIFE... industry. A very large output Proof against water and seawater and the has been distributed through­ fumes of acid and alkalis, P. & B. Tape out the world. Each lamp is retains its adhesiveness and provides per­ supplied complete with manent resistance to mechanical damage. removable ash or pin tray, Supplied in rolls from width upwards. W rite for samples and prices. space for pen and pencil, flex, convenient switch control, and THE RUBEROID COMPANY LTD. 92Commonwealth House, NewOxford St. the efficient adjustable re­ London, W .C. I. flector. The overall height fully extended is 21 inches. It is indeed very adjustable, and HIGH RESISTANCE the light can be directed into practically any position. Cat. No. LG H . 1 0 1 8 . L. G. H A W K IN S & Co. Ltd. 30-35 Drury Lane, London, W.C.2 Telephone : Temple Bar 5811 INSULATING TAPES A RUBEROID PRODUCT December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R ev ie w 2 5

ISTINGUISHE BY SERVICE

ENGLISH ELECTRIC

Types of enclosure and methods of mounting to meet normal or special requirements.

THE ENGLISH ELECTRIC COM PANY LTD. London Office: QUEEN'S HOUSE, KINGSWAY, LONDON, W.C.2. INDUSTRIAL MOTOR WORKS - - ■ BRADFORD 26 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

HLigh i accuracy, simplic­ ity, exceptional versatility and proven reliability have won for “AVO ° Instru­ ments a world-wide repu­ Rcyd TmdeMark tation for supremacy MEANS ACCURACY wherever rapid precision test work is demanded. 50-range Model 7 There is an “ AVO ” Universal A\oMeter Instrument for every essential electrical test. Sole Proprietors and Manufacturers ; THE AUTOMATIC COIL WINDER & ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT CO. LTD. Winder House, Douglas Street, London, S.W .I Telephone.- victo ria 3404-9

Pulley wheel to carry control cables for rudder and ailerons on Horsa glider, machined from Bakelite Laminated. Standardise on DENNIS F u s e s BAKELITE TREFOIL REGD. TRADE MARKS LAMINATED for hard service

Bakelite Laminated combines lightness with re­ markable toughness. It is resistant to water, heat, add, chemicals, oils, abrasion . . . gives excellent electrical properties . . . and can be machined to fine limits. The tensile strength of one standard grade N .P .L . APPROVED FOR CATEGORY D.C.3 exceeds 18,000 lb. per square inch. Available in 40 Perfection in Design — Reliability in Service different grades and a variety of forms including sheets up to 6 inches thick, rods, tubes and sperial G. P. DENNIS LIMITED shapes. Further information on request. Specialists in Switchboards, Control Panels, Switch Fuses, Distribution Boards, Fuses, etc. BAKELITE LIMITED FLEMING ROAD, SPEKE, LIVERPOOL 19 Telephone : Hunts Cross I2I7'8 Pioneers in the Plastics World London Office: ABFORD HOUSE, WILTON RD., S.W.I Telephone : Victoria 5957/8 18 GROSVENOR GARDENS • LONDON • S.W.I ______152 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 2 7 2 8 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

CONDENSERS

Especially for

Discharge«VFluorescent Lighting Neon Signs • A.C. Motors

A condenser service second-to none for quality, value and deliveries.

T h e illustrations show a small selection of the comprehensive range of special T.C.C. types of Condensers designed for the continuous A .C . working conditions encountered in the use of Fluorescent Lighting, Neon Signs, and most type* of A.C. Motors. Both cylindrical and rectangular types are compact and completely hermetically sealed, with the condenser element im­ pregnated in petroleum jelly under a high vacuum process. Can be supplied in an infinite variety of shapes and sizes, with convenient methods of mounting to suit any requirements. T.C.C. Engineers are at your service for consultation.

CONDENSER SPECIALISTS FOR 40 YEARS______THE TELEGRAPH CONDENSER CO..LTD.

NORTH ACTON^vLONDO a ^-Telephone. A C O R N 0061

Moulded Plastic HANDWHEELS HANDLES, KNOBS for Industrial & Domestic Equipment. RANGE OF PATTERNS AND SIZES. VARIOUS COLOURS.

LSO ••Corrujoint" All-Metal Gas­ kets, Taylor's Corrugated Packing, A Copper Joints and Washers, Com­ pressed Asbestos Jointings, Shims and Kinghorn Type Metallic Valves, tabwashers to specifications. W rite fo r Ronklel.

THE R A Y ENGINEERING CORRUGATED PACKING CO. LTD., SOUTHM EAD, BRISTOL Specialists in Precision Mouldings AND SHEET METAL CO. LTD for nearly 20 years. GATESHEAD - ON- TYNE S B S S K 2E, December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 2 9

To see below the visual range you need the Electron Microscope but

BENJAMIN LIGHTING w in give you the right seeing conditions for every operation in your Works. As a result of continuous research and experience since 1908 Benjamin are in a position to plan lighting to suit your particular needs and there is a Benjamin Engineer stationed in your district ready to help you with any lighting problem. BEN 7AMJN

THE BENJAMIN ELECTRIC LTD • BRANTWOOD W ORKS ■ TOTTENHAM ■ LONDON • N I7 Telegrams: “ Benjalect, Southtot, London.” Telephone: Tottenham 5252 (5 lines) LOCAL SERVICE: 9& 10, Victoria Buildings, 5 Corporation Street; 49, Basinghall Street, I L BIRMINGHAM 2. LEEDS I. A 30 E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w December 13, 1946 FL UORESCENT Light in a NEW setting !

UNIQUE “ PERSPEX” FITTING IN FROSTED PEARL FINISH This unique “ Perspex ” ficcing in radiant FROSTED PEARL finish puts Fluorescent Light in a new and beautiful setting that lends itself perfectly to a host of decorative lighting uses. Top is open for maximum upward light ; under part is an open-work scroll in clear “ Perspex ” allowing full downward light. In two sizes, to fit standard 4 ft. or 5 ft. Tube. Designed and made by O ’Connor Electrical Industries Ltd. Write to-day for full details. LIST PRICE (Fitting only) ... £ I I .5.0 Plus Purchase Tax, £2 . 10,0 O’CONNOR X u W V M ii Dept. B., 79 & 80 PETTY FRANCE. LONDON, S.W.I J.iepnont : WHITEHALL <203 (3 lines)

NICKEL, CADMIUM AND ZINC MOULDED RUBBER SERVICE Invite enquiries. Advice given on rubber formulas to meet ^ soecial requirements BARREL PLATING FOR THE TRADE

THE HARBORO' RUBBER CO. LTD. MARKET HARBOROUGH December 13, 1946 El e c t r ic a l R e v ie w ASHTON

Types for every purpose

Insist on ASHTON The wide range of ‘ASHTON’ Cables, Flexibles Cables, Flexibles and and Cords includes types and finishes to meet Cords and be sure of every requirement. the best. Supplied to Manufactured under the strictest laboratory super­ H.M. Government vision throughout and finished to perfection, they Departments and all are of the Finest quality obtainable. Electrical and Allied T rades. Supplies are available from numerous distributors throughout the country, but in case of difficulty in obtaining your requirements write direct to the makers. L C F 3

M AD E BY

AER IALITi . CASTLE WORKS • STALYBRIDCE • CHESHIRE** t d L 3 2 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 Products by BEWGREE • FLUORESCENT CHOKES • MAINS TRANSFORMERS HOME CHARGERS

W e will be pleased to make trans­ formers to customers’ specifications.

All enquiries to :— SOLE AGENTS for Home & Export (except Midlands).

Efficient M ERCURY SWITCHES Wholesale S ervice!

WIRING EQUIPMENT. B . S . S . CO N D UIT & FITTINGS, C . M . A . CABLES & FLEXIBLES, SWITCH & FUSE GEAR,

SANDERS, M.E.M., CRABTREE, BRITMAC, M.K., WYLEX, TENBY, ELMA LAMPS,

APPLIANCES & FITTINGS, FLUORESCENT LIGHTING,

WASHBOILERS, VAN DORN AND WOLF TOOLS.

Send enquiries and orders to ■ For instrument work, domestic and industrial apparatus and power control plant. Standard switches available or RD JOHNSON, CLAPHAM & MORRIS LTD. designed to any individual requirement. Write for catalogue or technical advice. 7-9, SWAN STREET, MANCHESTER, 4. ’Phone: DEAnsgate SĄ 91 THE MERCURY SWITCH MANUFACTURING CO. LTD. H EA D OFFICE- JACEM HOUSE TRAPFQRQ Park m/c 17 WEST DRAYTON : MIDDLESEX D ec ein hcr 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 33

Horsepower Vohs r. p. m. lbs per sq.inch pressure.

TAKING NOT MORE THAN 4^ TIMES full load current when started by switching direct on to the supply mains, this Mather & Platt 3,000 H.P. 3,000 Volt, 3,000 r.p.m. Squirrel Cage Motor drives a Mather & Platt Boiler Feed Pump operating at a pressure of 3,000 lb. per sq. inch.

MATHER & PLATT LTD

PARK W O R K S MANCHESTER 10 3 4 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

700A

SINGLE POLE WEATHER­ PROOF METAL - CLAD PLUGS & SOCKETS

5 Am p. / 600 Amp

F o r Electric Lighting and Power, Transmission, Communication, Portable Tools, etc.

Through Angle Socket with Cover and Plug

Manufactured by SIMMONDS ft STOKES LTD. VICTORIA HOUSE, SOUTHAMPTON ROW. LONDON, W.C.I HOLBORN U)7

This low-voltage unit of maximum efficiency and safety incorporates a double-wound transformer (to B.S.S. 794) and double-pole switch w ith 4 fuses (2H T and 2LT) all mounted on a readily removable Gas Oven type door, the opening of which breaks both circuits. The HT Terminals have safety shields. Two spare fuses for each circuit are mounted in the case. Two or three arm /amp brackets can be supplied at an extra cost. Standard rating— 69,80 and I20V/A max. Volts 440. min. Volts 12. Made by The CONCORDIA TRANSFORMER CO. a subsidiary of The CONCORDIA ELECTRIC SAFETY LAMP CO. LTD.

225 WESTMINSTER BRIDGE ROAD, LONDON. S.E.L TELEPHONE : WATERLOO 5502-3 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 35

The Hotpoint Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., Crown House, Aidwych, London, W.C.2

P & B-GOLDS THERMAL OVERLOAD RELAYS FOR THREE-PHASE MOTORS give Complete and Positive Protection against ★ PHASE FAILURE ★ OVERLOAD T Y P E M 3 Accurate and close ★ SHORT CIRCUIT protection for motors with small overload ★ EARTH FAULT capacities, long start­ ing periods, and high DESCRIPTIVE PAMPHLET AVAILABLE ON REQUEST starting currents, under extremes of [ ^ ENGINEERING. Co. Ltd ambient temperature

TAMWORTH LANE WORKS, MITCHAM, SURREY 36 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

Gets its teeth into it!

The “ special cutting teeth ” of the new SIMPLEX Terra-Grip screw score right through

the enamel, biting deeply into the steel and giving perfect continuity, and proof aga nst vibration. A Terra-Grip junction between conduit and fitting can be installed in a

few seconds and official tests have shown that with a single screw the joint will with­

stand a direct pull equal to 500 lbs. weight without the slightest signs of loosening

n O ) I T H E TERRA-GRIP [f CONDUIT WIRING SYSTEM

MADE ELECTRIC CO . LTD. OLDBURY, BIRMINGHAM December 13, E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

\\'C

The Famous M.E.M Ironclad Switch re-designed for H.R.C Fuses

The new “ Glasgow-Rex ” H.R.C. is the first of “ Kantark” H.R.C. standard cartridge fuses with the M.E.M. programme of new developments. B.S.S. 88/1939 A.C.4 and D.C.3. Appearance, Its attractive styling is the work of a prominent workmanship and finish of these switches will industrial artist and is in keeping with the win the admiration of engineers everywhere advanced design of the whole unit. Easily Yet this high quality equipment is offered at convertible for different duties and surprisingly reasonable prices. Only M.E.M. intensive compact, this new version of an already specialisation could produce such value. world-famous switch is convincing A descriptive list No. 278 is available proof of the M.E.M. leadership in giving full details of the new switchgear design. “ Glasgow-Rex ” range rated from The “ Glasgow-Rex ” complies fully 30-200 amps. Send for your copy with Home Office regulations and the today.

Switch, fuse and motor control gear, electric fires and localised lighting equipment MIDLAND ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING CO. LTD., BIRMINGHAM, 11

BRANCHES IN LONDON & MANCHESTER 38 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

Cork insulated milk retarder fabricated in ISs.w.g. stainless steel by the Fuller Carbo- Flux process. Each compartment holds a hundred gallons; special valves in the base allow the milk to be drained when the correct temperature has been reached.

Photo by courtesy of Metaducts Ltd., Brentford.

IT WILL PAY Y O U TO INVESTIGATE THE CARBO-FLUX WELDING PROCESS C onsult FULLER ELECTRICAL & MANUFACTURING CO. LTD. (Associated with Asea Electric Ltd.) FULBOURNE ROAD, WALTHAMSTOW, LONDON, E.I7 Phone : LARkswood 2350 (10 lines). Crams : Fullmage, Telex, London Branches : M ANCHESTER. Blackfriars 2238 BIRM INGHAM . Kings Norton 1953 G L A S G O W Eaglesham 399 m r m CROMPTON PARKINSON LIMITED, ELECTRA HOUSE, VICTORIA EMBANKMENT, LONDON, W.C.2 Telephone: TEMple Bor 5911 Telegrams: Crompork. Estrond. London 4 0 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

What could be simpler, fairer or more likely to lead to a reasonably priced article, which shows the dealer a generous profit margin ? There is no ‘ middleman ’ in the Vactric scheme of selling, so, if you stock Vactric cleaners, it will be you who will share the benefits of the nation-wide advertising campaign, which has recently been launched. NOT JUST TO-DAY— WE’VE ALWAYS SOLD THAT WAY Vactric are at present making two types of extra ; the W .I00 (cylindrical) cleaner, Vacuum cleaners and a Floor Polisher. The £13. 13s. Od. plus purchase tax (including JUNIOR, (upright) cleaner, £12. 12s. Od. Dusting Tools) ; the Three-Brush Floor plus purchase tax, Dusting Tools £3. 3. 0. Polisher £18. 18s. 0. plus purchase tax.

THE MODERN VACUUM CLEANER VACTRIC LIMITED, C H A P E L H A L L, LANARKSHIRE, SCOTLAND 46/T2/0 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 41

D eta ils th at

In the product of the Specialist there T Y P E “ M ” are details of design that distinguish itfrom magnet operated its contemporaries.

180° effective Brak­ ing surface : short BRAKES brakeshoe stroke. For Direct Current service or alternating © Bearings for hand current with rectifier release lever.

Long Coil spring © exceptionally strong, quick and certain.

© Low head room.

Nickel - Chrome steel bushes limit 0 wear and lengthen life of bearings.

Long bearings at Illustration shows exploded 0 all points assure years of service. vieiv o f Type “ M ” Brake Main bearings fitted withgreasenipples.

For M otors up to 350 h .p. using Brake Drums 8" to 30" dia. m M m (Ask for Publication 63123) y o . j L i j y

LONDON • BIRMINGHAM . BRISTOL . CARDIFF . GLASGOW . LEEDS • MANCHESTER « NEW CASTLE • SHEFFIELD Electrical R e v ie w December 13, 1946

THE PROBLEM THE SOLUTION REQUIRED M ACFARLANE MAGNICON A C Generators in ALTERNATORS Medium KVA Ranges— 4 to 4C0 KVA. Voltage to give constant voltage inherently held constant within ± I % if necessary, with varying load and at any load and any volt­ power factor over a wide age setting range of set voltage levels Low power static con­ without moving regulators trol circuits, lightweight or automatic control construction devices Compensated, excited and damped by o n e To be light in weight, winding standardised for portable Interchangeable with engine drives, and for DC generators of similar arctic or tropic conditions output for engine drive

S g M ACFULUII ENGINEERING CO. 111». MECHANICAL 0 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS

C RTHCRRT- , GLflSGOW-S 4 Telephone : Telegrams : MERRYLEE 1555/6 " POWER, CATHCART ' December 13, 1946 Electrical Review

RNSFORMERS

150 k.V.A. Mining Type Transformer with Flameproof Switchgear.

FOSTER TRANSFORMERS & SWITCHCEAR ltd (INCORPORATING FOSTER ENGINEERING COMPANY) SOUTH WIMBLEDON. LONDON, S.W.I9

Associated Companies : Lancashire Dynamo & Crypto, Ltd, Crypto, Ltd, Crypton Equipment, Ltd. 44 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

If you could walk inside...

f y o u could walk inside, you I would notice what a wonderful piece o f work every Philips Lamp undoubtedly is. This is the outcome of over half a century o f research, experiment and experience. And the result is a lamp that gives a maximum o f clear, bright light for a minimum of current.

Sell c n m a PHILIPS — the Lamps the Public like JMahers of Good Lamps for over jo Years

PHILIPS LAMPS LTD., CENTURY HOUSE, SHAFTESBURY AVENUE, LONDON, W.C.2...... I ...... _ ...... ( 168) December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 45

TYPICAL DESIGN SERVICE

e q u i p ^ t

d E s i g N £D

R t Q . c e c TU r | H G h a m u f a c ^

d r ^ ' n ,, C'JSTOEIEE'

s y s t e m . _

OVERSEA^

e h q ^ 'r ' eS \HV\TED.

Telephone : 163 HIGH STREET, GUILDFORD Guild Tord 3919 SURREY, ENGLAND

AGRO ELECTRICAL CO. LTD Electrical Apparatus and Accessories Manufacturers

London Office: 7 MADDOX ST. REGENT ST. • Tel : MAYfair 4068-9 • Works: Aylesbury, Bucks 4 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

The Plugs and Sockets illustrated are only a few of the wide range of Electrical Accessories manufactured and available for essential purposes.

WARD & GOLDSTONE Ltd. Pendleton, M anchester, 6 ESTABLISHED OVER HALF A CENTURY

W ith the Solon there’s no waste heat—the heating element is inside the copper bit Illustration shows a standard 65 watt model ; other types itself ! All the heat is at the point—where and sizes available. you want it. The terminals are at the other end ; safely housed away from the heat and easy to get at. Every Solon is supplied complete with 6 ft. of Henley 3-core flexible. Made for the following standard voltages :— 200/220, 230/250.

Mac/e in England SOLDERING IRON for INDUSTRIAL USE W. T. HENLEY’S TELEGRAPH WORKS CO. LTD. (Engineering Dept.) 51-53 Hatton Garden, London, E.C.I December 13, 1946 Electrical Review 47

f i w t e e t i o n WITHOUT RELAY

23-panel type “ S F ” switchboard, with two 2500 Amp. triple pole air-break incoming isolators, one 2500 Amp.bus-section isolator, and sixteen 400 Amp. outgoing type “ SF” automatic air-break switchfuse units (covers rem oved). f i r Medium Voltage Automatic Air-Break Switchgear

The unit illustrated is used for works distribution on the L.N.E.R. system at Cowlairs. Complete earth-fault protection (J. & P. Patent No. 563,060) is given by fitting into the outgoing switch-fuse units core balance current transformers operating low voltage striker fuses (starred in the illustration above). The striker fuses trip all three phases. By dispensing with relays both size and cost of the board are reduced. Publication S.G .26 gives full details of earth-fault protection. Another reason for installing J. & P. Equipment

JOHNSON & PHILLIPS LTD. .CHARLTON . „ LONDON S .E .7 lltf MUÂ tU t hxiMf t l d UttU IHÛI& Ui (j/u&läi/f ----- 4 8 E l f c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

Q C LIX “ Flexipin ” plugs ensure the highest attainable contact efficiency, the shortest wiring-up time, effective cord- gripping, and easy insertion into and withdrawal from socket-outlets. The range covers 2, 5, and ISA . 2- and 3-pin B.S.

# This I5A. 3-pin, B. S. 546, switch socket-outlet for flush mounting is designed to meet actual service con­ ditions, I.e., foot- • The C LIX Flanged Flush operation, yet at fitting Socket-outlets with competitive price. open or shuttered sockets. Also available in ver­ The range covers 2, 5 and tical pattern. 15 amps. 2 and 3 pin B.S. supplied with or without iron box.

^îlctccr offluchabainfr J^itnum üW ) %rnnmohjcial llnitô

The latest trends in engineering and design are incorporated into Meico products. Meico Fluorescent Luminaires are “ one step ahead.” Illustrated above typifies two Meico Commercial Units in correct design and engineering. Other Fluorescent fixtures and types are available. ME!CD

HEAD OFFICE AND WORKS M E I C O WORKS CONCLETON CHESHIRE ENCLAND December 13, 1946 E lectrical R eview 49 50 E lectrica l R eview December 13, 1946 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 51

THE “ BANTAM” THAT DOES A BIG JOB . . . n? The Ellison “Bantam” / ? /! direct-on starter shown f J in the illustration is one of (L many “Bantam” starters in a large engineering works. Although the “ Bantam ” is the smallest of the Ellison range, it is as soundly con-

structed as its larger £'■ eiiuion 20 amp. ° t y "B an ta m " mounted e Ellison “ Works ’v counterparts and has fc: ™d‘b,” This strong stand a lockable cupboard gained a reputation which the operator can keep his personal f o r reliability. Ni-j • belongings.

G e o r g e E l l is o n LIMITED BIRMINGHAM 22 B ENGLAND

E llison STARTERS FOR MACHINE TOOLS... 52 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 ELECTRICAL REVIEW Managing Editor : December 13, 1946 Hugh S. Pocock, M.I.E.E. Technical Editor : Commercial Editor : Contents C. O. Brettelle, M.I.E.E. J. H. Cosens Page R E P O R T S (continued) — Page ED IT O R IA L—Reliable Auxiliaries 957 Central African W ater Power 979 A R T I C L E S — Menai Straits Tidal Scheme . 979 Industrial Supply Scheme 959 Fuel Situation 980 A.C. Motor Starters—II. By “ Rotor ” 974 Shopping Centre Lighting . 981 Transformer Oil. By G. V. Harrap Heating-Element Shortage . 996 A.M.I.E.E ...... 989 NEW S SECTION — Electric Vehicle Production 995 Personal and Social, 971 ; Parliamen­ C o n tracto rs’ Hired Equipm ent. By F. E tary, 986 ; Com m erce and Industry, Sugden, A.C.I.S., Barrister-at-Law 1000 983 ; Electricity Supply, 993 ; Financial, PAPERS AND ADDRESSES — 997 ; Contracts, 1003. Power Station Auxiliaries 967 VIEWS ON THE NEWS . 966 Drives for Ships’ Services 970 Plastic Insulating Materials . 980 CORRESPONDENCE . 969 Railway Lighting 980 FORTHCOMING EVENTS 983 Production Engineering Research 991 NEW PATENTS . 1001 R E P O R T S — Turbo-Electric Locomotives 965 Municipal Reports 976 Classified Advertisements 59 Hull Extensions 977 New Welsh Power Station . 979 Index to Advertisers 100

ED ITO RIAL, AD VERTISIN G & PU BLISH IN G OFFICES : Dorset House, Stamford St., London, S.E.I Telegraphic Address : “ Elecrev, Sedist, London.” Code : ABC. Telephone No. : Waterloo 3333 (50 lines). Registered at G.P.O. as a Newspaper and Canadian Magazine rate of postage. Entered as Second Class Matter at the New York, U.S.A., Post Office. Annual Subscription, post free : G reat Britain and elsewhere (except Canada), £2 7s. 8d. ; Canada, £2 3s. 4d. Cheques and Postal Orders (on Chief Office, London) to be made payable to ELECTRICAL REVIEW LTD., and crossed ” Lloyds Bank.”

Transformers aren’t CLOTHES PEGS

Clothes pegs work just as well on any line. Trans­ formers are only completely efficient when built for the job they have to do. That’s why we specialise In building transformers for special industrial purposes. If you want transformers designed and built to do a definite job, we can help you.

“PURPOSE - B U I L T

TRANSFORMERS LTD. NORTHGATE STREET, DEVIZES. Phone 536 5 4 Electrical R e v ie w December 13, 1946 SYNCLOCK PROCESS TIMERS CONTACTORS for accurate timing of industrial and scientific processes.

£ The Synclock Synchronous Self-Starting motor ensures accurate timing and repetition when connected to a time controlled alternating current supply. O Wide range of full scale settings are available in Seconds, Minutes or Hours. % Unelapsed time is always visible. % External time adjustments can be provided when required. % Contacts (normally open or closed) reset automatically for next operation. Write for Catalogue Sheet 611 EVERETT EDGCUMBE COLINDALE WORKS LONDON, N.W.9 Telephone : COLINDALE 6045

Manufacturers of all kinds of Indicating and recording electrical Instruments. Photometry experts ELECTRIC4L REVIEW THE OLDEST ELECTRICAL PAPER - ESTABLISHED 1872

Vol. C XXXIX. No. 3603. DECEMBER 13. 1946 9d. WEEKLY

Reliable Auxiliaries Influence upon Efficiency and Costs

XCEPT for the feed pump, the is the effect on the stability of certain E original function of power station auxiliaries of a drop in frequency of more auxiliaries was improvement of plant than 4 per cent. efficiency or labour saving, which implies The importance of the subject most improvement of human efficiency. As the assuredly justifies Mr. Szwander's compre­ fulfilment of these desirable ends cannot hensive and fair survey of the diverse be allowed to reduce the high order of factors that govern supplies to auxiliary reliability of associated main generating systems in modern power stations. Quite units, it follows that each item of auxiliary clearly any attempts at close standardiza­ equipment essential to moment-by-moment tion would be premature by a long way, operation must be equally dependable. having regard to the diversity of operation In the second place, the difference between conditions obtaining, including such kWh generated and sent out may be as matters as steam conditions and the kind much as 8 per cent; a wise selection of of coal used and the method of firing. auxiliary drives in the initial design stages which takes into account the ultimate All-Electric Drives Favoured capacity of a station is likely, therefore, to A pleasing feature of the discussion was influence economic performance appreci­ the testimony afforded from experience of ably throughout the life of the whole plant. the reliability of all-electric drives. Even if, on economic grounds, a case can be Risk of Over-Insurance made out for steam drives in some In guarding against excessive capital instances, any suggestion of the old idea expenditure, or over-insurance, the separa­ that these afforded better security is likely tion of “ non-urgent ” auxiliaries (a more to prejudice electrification of vital plant in accurate description than “ non-essential ” factories and mines. To a less extent, for which it was substituted in the dis­ similar considerations are in favour of cussion on Mr. W. Szwander’s I.E.E. paper transformers rather than house sets. last week) from the others and simplicity There was also the feeling expressed of layout both serve the purpose of that automatic features should have as increasing reliability as well as economy. their object the aiding of the fireman to Although power station interconnection perform his duties more effectively and through the grid has greatly reduced the not to take the work out of his hands. As chances of serious interruptions in service, a general principle the use of a.c. motors there is the countervailing consideration commends itself but, for close speed that generating units are increasing in size control, d.c. is still unrivalled and its and that the margin of reserve plant is less adoption in the boiler-house in conjunction than in earlier days. Moreover, the with Ward-Leonard sets has some of the influence of auxiliaries has been felt in same arguments in its favour as it has in recent cuts in supply, since a critical factor its increasing use for rolling mills and 958 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 colliery winders. Although much has been are, however, well behind schedule: only written on various aspects of auxiliary about one-half of the million kW of plant services in power stations, little has been planned to be in commission this year will done hitherto to integrate developments in fact be available. No blame can be and present them in full perspective and attached to the C.E.B., the supply the present paper is likely to remain for authorities concerned or the manufacturers. many years a definitive reference source. It is entirely due to shortage of materials and manpower. The only solution in M onmouthshire’s loss sight is the granting of the highest Carmarthen is now Carmarthenshire’s “ priority ” to the production and installa­ Bay gain. The construction of tion of generating plant. Otherwise plans Station a 300,000-kW station for expanding industry and raising the at Burry Point is to be standard of living will prove fruitless. started by the Llanelly Co. next year, but a good deal of preliminary work has been A SUFFICIENCY of done in an effort to make up for delay Fluorescent properly directed lumens in providing urgently needed plant capacity Street that is suitable for arterial caused by objections raised to the erection Lamps road lighting does not of the Llanover station. Presumably necessarily best meet the works entailing a capital expenditure of needs of important urban shopping centres. £12 million to be spread over a long period Ability to discriminate closely between (since only one-third of the station, costing colours is an amenity that is worth paying £5 million, will be required within the next for in some circumstances. The enter­ three years) will be a substantial asset to prise of Central London Electricity has the neighbourhood. opened up a new field for tubular fluor­ In his latest statement escent lamps (with their potentialities for Coal on the power position further scientific development) and has Restrictions Mr. Shinwell shifted the provided opportunities of which lamp emphasis from plant to manufacturers have been quick to take coal though the shortages of both remain full advantage. While the merits of this equally serious. At last it has been form of illumination in the experimental decided to institute a form of rationing, installations described on another page but this will apply only to the larger are obvious, the tests to be conducted this industrial and commercial concerns; the winter will no doubt suggest improvements impossibility of rationing the smaller in technique and economical application consumer is still recognized and this class that should secure the widest public is appealed to for economies to prevent appreciation. industrial dislocation and unemployment. T h e r e is a tendency to Instead of curtailing coal supplies to Raw Material regard the United States power stations (and gasworks) the Minister Shortage as almost self-sufficient in intends to keep deliveries down to the most raw materials, rubber present rates, a decision which may being an outstanding exception, but involve electricity supply undertakings in according to Mr. W. Clayton, Under­ no little difficulty. secretary of State for Economic Affairs, T h e Central Electricity the war has made grave inroads into Brake on Board expects to have to American resources causing “ depletion oi Prosperity resort to “ load shedding ” near depletion ” in some cases. Conse­ for the next three or four quently the United States Government years and it is considered likely that with intends to encourage American investments demands exceeding expectations the posi­ in “ strategic ” raw material resources in tion next winter may be worse than it is other parts of the world. Mr. Clayton now. To supplement the present lli mentioned, among other supplies, copper, million kW of generating plant (a good tin, bauxite, chromium, manganese and deal of which is obsolescent or needs high-grade iron ores. In many of these repair) the provision of about 6 million kW materials the shortage is not confined to of new plant has been approved for service the United States and the decision raises by the end of 1950. Practically all pro­ unpleasant prospects of increased com­ grammes for new stations and extensions petition for them. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 959 Industrial Supply Scheme Large Scale Use of Process Steam Dictates Private Generation

N the Electrical Review of July 19th, which has been evolved to serve the whole I August 23rd, October 4th and November of the workings. 29th, we published accounts of the electrical Throughout the 50 square miles covered by applications to the various stages of the production of shale oil and additional products throughout the workings of Scot­ tish Oils, Ltd. In the first article reference was made to the extensive work of modernization which has been going on for the past ten years in the various mines and works, of which

The generating plant at Addie- well consists of two 1,000-kW turbo-alternator sets

the activities of this com­ pany there are many points where considerable quantities of process steam are required, and this has been the main

At Westwood four 30,030-lb per hr boilers (right), supply two 1,800-kW turbo-alter- ce nator sets (above) the extensions and improvements to and conversions of the electrical instal­ lation form an im­ portant part. It is our intention in this article to des­ cribe the electrical generation and distribution system 960 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 influence behind the adoption of private different from those at the crude-oil works, generation. It is also the reason why a inasmuch as the electrical loading and the number of power stations are employed process steam demands are not balanced, rather than central generation, because it is and live steam for process normally has to be essential to generate steam locally at each taken direct from the boiler plant. At crude-oil works. The modem practice at Addiewell the generating plant consists of these works is to generate by modern turbine two 1,000-kW Beiliss & Morcom-Harland plant and to supply the retorts at about 3 lb turbo-alternator sets generating at 3-3 kV, per sq in. from the turbines’ exhaust, and to and the boiler plant consists of four 18,000 employ steam for distillation purposes at lb per hr John Thompson boilers with steam about 15 lb per sq in., which is obtained by conditions of 200 lb per sq in. and 500 deg F. extraction from the turbines. Each turbine At Westwood there are four 30,000-lb per is equipped with an “ Area ” steam-pressure hr Clarke Chapman boilers with steam condi­ regulator for regulating the supply of pass-out tions of 200 lb per sq in. and 500 deg F, steam according to the demand. supplying two 1,800-kW Beiliss & Morcom- In addition to the crude-oil works there is Bruce Peebles turbo-alternators generating at the central refinery at Pumpherston where 3 • 3 kV. There are at the Deans power station low-pressure steam is also required for three 500-kW sets with Howden compound distillation and other purposes at 15 lb per steam engines driving Siemens alternators. sq in. only, so that in this case condensing These also generate at 3-3 kV. The engines plant is installed with the pass-out turbines. are served by six 15,000-lb per hr Stirling Of the six crude-oil works, five—Addiewell, type boilers which supply at 160 lb per sq in. Westwood, Deans, Roman Camp and Niddry At Roman Camp there are four Beiliss & Morcom compound steam engines driving Siemens alternators with a total plant capacity of 1,300 kW, generation at 3 kV. The steam supply comes from a total capacity of boiler plant of 93,000 lb per hr at 160 lb per sq in. At Niddry Castle there are two 1,800-kW

Two 1,800-kW sets at Niddry Castle Beiliss & Morcom- Bruce Peebles turbo­ alternators generating at 50 cycles, as well as Castle—are fully electrified, and in each of two 500-kW Beiliss & Morcom-Bruce Peebles these cases there is a self-contained power sets generating at 25 cycles which are now station so that, with the station at Pumpher­ used only as a stand-by to an 850-kW fre­ ston, there are six generating stations in all. quency changer which is normally supplied The plant capacity at each crude-oil works from the 50-cycle system. These are supplied power station is decided by the electrical at 200 lb per sq in. by three 30,000-lb per hr requirements at the works and the associated and two 15 000-lb per hr Stirling boilers. At mines. It so happens that at present this Pumpherston there are two 1,000-kW B.T.H. arrangement fits in with the steam require­ turbo-alternators and a 1,500-kW Allen- ments at each works, the electrical and steam Bruce Peebles turbo-alternator, generating requirements being thereby reasonably bal­ 3-3 kV. Steam in this case is supplied at 160 anced. There are times, however, when live lb per sq in. by seven boilers with a total steam has to be taken direct from the boiler capacity of 167,850 lb per hr. plant for the process demands. The condi­ The Addiewell crude-oil works is in the tions at the Pumpherston refinery are rather N.W. corner of Midlothian, and all the crude- December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 961 oil works lie in a north-easterly direction from supply its own local group of works and this and in West Lothian. Westwood is about mines. Between Addiewell and Westwood two miles north-east of Addiewell, and Deans there is a direct 3-3-kV underground cable. is three miles further north-east. Pumpher- Between Westwood and Deans there is a ston is about 4^ miles almost due east of 3-3-kV connection via the Breich Pit switch­ board, Breich Pit being the normal source of shale for the Deans works. In addition to this indirect link be­ tween Deans and West­ wood there is an underground connec­ tion between Breich Pit and Westwood via the Almond River pumps. To obviate the possibility of

The 850-kW frequency changer at Niddry Castle is supplied from the 50- cycle system

connecting any part of the system to more Deans, Roman Camp is about a mile north­ than one supply, special coils are fitted on the east of Pumpherston, and Niddry Castle is circuit-breakers feeding Westwood from about four miles north-east of Roman Camp. Addiewell, Breich Pit from Westwood, Breich It will thus be seen that geographically the from Deans, and the two supply circuit- power stations lie in two areas, with three breakers at Breich Pit. The arrangement of stations in each—Addiewell, Westwood and these coils is such that when energized from Deans to the west, and Pumpherston, Roman one supply the circuit-breaker cannot be Camp and Niddry Castle to the east. This closed on the other supply. The pumps can geographical division is the main reason why be supplied with their power either way from the distribution arrangements are divided into Westwood, i.e., direct or via Breich Pit. two separate systems. We will first describe M the western area sys­ tem of which West­ wood is the focal centre. Here duplicate busbars are provided, while at Addiewell and Deans there are single busbars. By means of

Two 1,000-kW and a 1,500- kW turbo-alternator sets at Pumpherston are served from a 167,850-lb per hr boiler installation busbar section switches at the stations, how­ ever, the three power stations can feed to or Addiewell switchboard is sectionalized by through either of the busbars, by virtue of a busbar coupler from either side of which a links between the stations. These links are feeder supplies Baads coal mine. This coupler for emergency purposes only, the normal is really intended to afford a supply to Addie­ method being to run each power station to well, if necessary, but it also makes it possible 962 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

to supply direct to Baads from Westwood. There are also two couplers in the Baads switchboard, only one of which can be closed, thus ensuring that it is not possible to parallel the two stations while taking the two supplies. Fraser Pit is supplied by an exten­ sion from the Baads mine switchboard. The system at Baads mine is d.c., and the supply is therefore given by a 400-kW Bruce Peebles double glass-bulb rectifier. This installation is rapidly being changed over to a.c. 3-phase, 3-3 kV being taken right up to the coal face. Apart from the interconnections, various pits are fed singly from the stations. For instance, Westwood pit is supplied from the 3-3-kV Westwood switchboard through a switchboard at the pit. The Westwood system is 25 cycles, and to meet this there is a 500 kW Crompton Parkinson frequency changer. By means of section switches on the h.v. board The system is at the moment being changed at Westwood the three power stations — to 50 cycles to bring it into line with the Addiewell, Westwood and Deans—can be fed to or through either of the busbars via the other systems. Bumgrange is supplied from station interlinks Addiewell direct at 3-3 kV. The Hermand mine is also fed from the Westwood switch­ Bumgrange, so that an alternative supply to board at 3-3 kV. There is in prospect a Bumgrange can be provided from Westwood scheme for a link between Hermand and and vice versa.

The geographical division of the area in which the power stations lie is the main reason why the distribution is arranged in two separate systems. The western area is shown above. X = busbar section switches; = circuit-breaker. Coils here prevent supplies from two sources December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 963

W EST POND PUMP ALMOND RIVER

I PUMPHERSTON ROMAN CAMP © POWER POWER 1,500 kW STATION i,000 i.oookW STATION 200 200 400 500kW 50''- 50''- 5 0 ~

The eastern geographical division of the area Referring now to the eastern area distribu­ from being run in parallel. From the Roman tion system, the cracking plant at Pumpher- Camp power station there are two simple ston has a substation connected to both the direct feeders to the two substations of the Pumpherston and Roman Camp power Nos. 6 and 7 Roman Camp mines. In both stations, which makes two supplies available cases step-down takes place at the surface, to the cracking plant. Placed between the two and the underground is supplied at 440 V. connecting units on the Pumpherston board, A further group of supplies from Roman is a busbar coupler, and a “ two-only-on- Camp is taken via a substation at Broxburn at-one-time ” locking scheme covering these by a single 3-3-kV cable. In addition to pro­ three units ensures that the Roman Camp and viding supplies to the candle factory and Pumpherston power stations cannot be run acid works at Broxburn, extensions from in parallel. the Broxburn switchgear provide in one case At Middleton Hall there is a substation for a service at 3-3 kV to No. 5 Hopetoun mine, supplying the head­ quarters and various workshops. This substation is linked with both the Roman Camp and Pumpher­ ston power stations, but here again a busbar coupler and a locking scheme pre­ vent the two stations

Between Addiewell and Westwood there is a direct 3'3-kV link ; Ad­ diewell h.v. switchgear (right) l.v. switchgear (le ft) 964 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

and in another case to the Hopetoun works and Niddry Castle which is operated on a via a distribution centre at Hayscraigs. The d.c. overhead system. This is served at the cable to No. 5 Hopetoun mine has recently Duddingston end by a 250-kW rotary con­ been tapped to afford a supply to Hayscraigs vertor supplied from the 25-cycle system, and by a 150-kW glass-bulb rectifier at the Niddry Castle end, supplied from the 50-cycle system, each via a suitable transformer. On the 50-cycle side at Niddry Castle there is a 3-3-kV feeder to the two Philpstoun mines, the substation at No. 1 Philpstoun mine being an extension from the substation at No. 6 Philpstoun mine—which is directly connected to the Niddry Castle power station. Between the No. 6 Philpstoun mine and the Pumpherston power station there is an 11-kV inter­ connector, the main object of which is to give the Philpstoun mines a dual supply. This interconnector is connected at each end to the 3-3-kV board through step-up and step-down 1,200-kVA transformers. D.C. supply to Baads mine is afforded by a 400-kW double Incidental to this main duplicate glass-bulb rectifier supply scheme provision has been made for possible further connec­ quarry where shale is being obtained by the tions to Broxburn and Glendevon from this open-cast method. It is anticipated that in 11-kV main, the cable route being chosen the near future the No. 5 Hopetoun mine will with an eye on this possible development. be closed down, as the seams are nearly If and when required the cable can be looped worked out, and then the cable will be cut at into the Broxburn substation, and by means the tee point, leaving, in effect, a direct 3- 3-kV of a ring-main switch unit it can be developed line to the quarry. The mines at Tottlywells for a supply to Glendevon. From each of the and Duddingston each have a 25-cycle system, 3- 3-kV switchboards mentioned in connection and substations at these two mines are therefore fed from the 25-cycle board at Niddry Castle power station, there being a direct 3-3-kV, 25-cycle connec­ tion to Duddingston with a tee-off to Tottlywells. Two other 25-cycle supplies are taken from Niddry Castle by a single main to No. 6 mine, Glendevon, and to Hopetoun No. 35 pit, the Hopetoun pit supply being pro­ vided by an extension from the Glendevon substation. The sys­ tem at Glendevon is d.c. under­ ground, and this is served by a Bruce Peebles double glass-bulb rectifier of 300 kW, supplied from the switchboard through a suitable transformer. It will be * « At Niddry Castle the electric railway is supplied from the 50-cycle system by a rectifier through a suitable transformer; recalled that there is an electric normal supply and rectifier transformers, and neutral switches railway between Duddingston in foreground December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 965 with both the western and eastern area distri­ from which the low-voltage distribution is bution systems, one or more 3-3-kV/440-V effected. transformers are supplied for the works Taking the Westwood works as a typical or mine low-voltage supplies. In each case example of the modern low-voltage distribu­ there is a further step-down from 440 to tion, the system is by double feeders to the 110 V for lighting supplies. larger plant units and by single feeders to The switchgear throughout the system is the smaller units, linked to form ring mains. now almost entirely modern compound-filled Suitable isolators are provided on the plant Metrovick equipment. The alternators are switchboards to provide the necessary section- protected by the combined overcurrent and alization of this ring-main system. Most of earth leakage system, with time-current relays the modern low-voltage switchgear is of the working on the core balance principle for compound-filled Metrovick type. external faults. For internal protection of the alternators the system is restricted earth leakage, with instantaneous relays. High-voltage main feeders have the com­ bined overcurrent and core balance earth- leakage system of protection, with time- cuirent relays. Generally the low- voltage main feeders are provided with com­ bined overcurrent and earth-leakage protec­ Between No. 6 Philpstoun mine and the Pumpherston power station is an 11-kV interconnector; main substation at Philpstoun tion. All the alternator (M/3*3-kV transformer on the left) neutrals are earthed through suitable resistances in connection with Our thanks are due to Mr. R. Crichton, this protection, and the low-voltage neutrals managing director, Scottish Oils, Ltd., for of the transformers are solidly earthed. In permission to visit the works and to publish some cases, such as the Baads coal mine and this article, and to Mr. G. A. McLennan, the Westwood pit, high-voltage cables chief electrical engineer, and Mr. W. Stirling, are extended from the main surface substa­ assistant electrical engineer, for their assist­ tions to secondary substations underground ance in the preparation of the article. Turbo-electric Locomotive GAS-TURBINE electric locomotive is to be will be by-passed to be mixed with the hot A designed and built at Baden, Switzerland, products of combustion, so cooling them to for the Great Western Railway, the order having about 1,100 deg F before the mixed gas is been placed with British Brown-Boveri, Ltd. expanded through the turbine. The exhaust It will be of 2,500 H.P. with a maximum will pass through the heat exchanger, some of continuous speed of 90 m.p.h., capable of the heat recovered therein being transferred to hauling a trailing weight of 1,200 tons at speeds the air delivered into the combustion chamber up to 40 m.p.h. continuously. The locomotive to raise its temperature to about 500 deg F. will be 65 ft 6 in. long and weigh 113 tons in The 10,300-H.P. turbine is to be coupled running order, exerting a tractive effort of through speed reduction gear to a 2,500-H.P. 33,000 lb at the wheel rim when starting. It electricity generator, the difference of 7,800 H.P. will carry enough fuel oil for a journey of 250 being absorbed by the air compressor. The miles, thus sufficing for a non-stop run from outer axles of each of the two six-wheel bogies Paddington to Plymouth. will be driven by d.c. series wound motors, Air at 45 lb per sq in. gauge pressure will be controllable by one man from a cab at either delivered by a compressor (driven by the end. turbine) through a heat exchanger to a combus­ A less powerful locomotive of the same kind tion chamber for consumption of the fuel oil. was built five years ago by Brown, Boveri for But the greater portion of the compressed air the Swiss Federal Railways, 966 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 Views on the ]\ews Reflections on Current Topics

Y notes in the Electrical Review of the grid system makes it possible to put November 15th included a reference to factories anywhere, factories which, using the fears of poultry farmers that interruption electric power, can be really desirable places in electricity supply might upset their incuba­ to work in. The public will be able to see tors. Mr. H. D. Phelps, of the North- the film soon and should obtain (probably Eastern Electric Supply Co., who has had without being fully aware of it) a good idea many years’ experience in these matters, of the social revolution which electricity is assures me that there is no need to worry achieving. over short-term cuts in supply. His assur­ * * * ance has also been passed on to the secretaries I also saw “ Can We Be Rich? ” a film of local branches of the National Farmers’ which has already been shown publicly. In Union in his area. In his letter he deals it Mr. Geoffrey Crowther (editor of the with the various types of incubators and Economist) lucidly explains why the war has brooders and quotes instances of prolonged made us poorer and suggests how we can stoppages which have had no ill-effect upon recover and even improve upon our former the eggs or chicks. To make assurance position. The secret of course is more doubly sure he gives poultry farmers a few p.m.h. (production per man-hour) which hints on protective measures. can only be achieved by the greater mechani­ * * * zation of industry—that is, of course, by What would be the electrical demandgreater in electrification. I consider that these a “ fair-sized city?” I should have said appeals to the public intelligence, which is not less than about 30,000 kW. Yet that greater than some film “ magnates ” imagine, appears to be somewhat excessive as an will do much good nationally and electrically. estimate of the input to one new flashing * * * sign on Broadway, N.Y., as announced by When applicants for admission to a trade the B.B.C., however many miles of neon association are turned down they are apt to tubing plus motors and, presumably, power- think (and say) that the association is merely factor-corrective apparatus it may use. protecting its members from competition. Matters have indeed moved since 1939, when This cannot be charged against the Bir­ what I was told was the largest-rated sign mingham branch of the Electrical Contrac­ in Europe, or possibly in the world, was tors’ Association. Many men from the erected in Leicester Square, London. Its Forces and industry are now turning their demand was, I believe, 30 to 35 kW. hands to electrical contracting. They have * * * had little or no business experience and The other day I saw privately a new film, many have no technical knowledge either. “ A Place in the Sun,” which deals with They all have to be turned down but the one of to-day’s leading topics—town and Birmingham branch is encouraging those country planning. Beginning with some who with a little more experience will be beautiful “ shots ” of English rural scenery, suitable for membership to apply again it shows how industry has encroached upon after a certain period. In the meantime a the country districts, with appalling results. course of lectures has been arranged for their Remedies are discussed by Lord Beveridge, benefit in which various aspects of the Mrs. Elizabeth MacAlister, M.A. (Town and contracting business are being dealt with. Country Planning Association), Mr. D. B. * * * Williamson, B.Sc., A.M.I.E.E., and Mr. Although many applicants for membership George Woodcock, M.A. (T.U.C.). One of the E.C.A. are rejected the admissions are point at issue is whether industry should running at a record rate. At its October be taken to the workers or the workers meeting the E.C.A. Council accepted about taken to new up-to-date satellite towns in ninety new members and re-admitted about which industry “ fits in.” Anyhow, it is a dozen whose membership had been sus­ agreed that industry is no longer bound to pended during the war for various reasons. the coal producing areas. The ubiquity of —REFLECTOR December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 967 Power Station Auxiliaries Drive and Distribution Methods

OURCES of, and methods of distributing busbar arrangements of metalclad switch- S power to, auxiliary plant in generating gear should not be used as a means of stations equipped with steam turbine sets ensuring duplicate supplies to outgoing of unit capacities of not less than 20 MW are feeders. analysed by M r . W. S z w a n d e r (Metro- More than half the paper is devoted to politan-Vickers Electrical Co., Ltd.) in a sources of power for auxiliary drives. De­ paper read before the Institution of Electrical tails of various systems and their specific Engineers last week. features are discussed with the aid of circuit In some cases definite reasons can be diagrams. The simplest and by far the traced for the adoption of particular systems, cheapest method is through unit trans­ but in many others choice is still largely a formers from the main station busbars. matter of personal preference and judgment. Auxiliary power derived from the main The author himself refrains from expressing generator terminals has a greater degree of preferences and makes few recommendations, immunity from system disturbances, while his object being to analyse the methods most the use of an auxiliary generator coupled commonly met with in practice. directly to the shaft of the main turbo-set In general the power of any auxiliary is a further step in the same direction. They system may vary from 6 to 10 per cent of the are used fairly frequently in British stations, installed capacity of the station, representing but are not economical for main sets of less some 4 to 8 per cent of the station load and than 20 MW. By comparison with shaft consuming from 4 to 8 per cent of the total generators, the few and limited advantages, energy generated. Some 10 to 15 per cent if any, which could be ascribed to the pro­ of the auxiliary capacity is classed as repre­ vision of separate auxiliary house sets are senting non-essential ” services and is heavily off-set by a number of disadvantages, energized from the main station busbars. including considerably greater first, operating and maintenance costs. All-Electric System It may be good practice to install, at least Modern practice favours all-electric in some stations at strategic points in an auxiliaries; some cases are known in which interconnected system, Diesel driven generat­ no steam drives are provided at all. On ing sets to provide energy for starting plant economic grounds alone it is difficult to “ from cold ” in the event of a complete obtain a definite answer in favour of one or system shutdown. the other type of drive. At present the The paper concludes with a bibliography general rule is to use a.c., but there are a of 36 references to the subject in British, few purposes for which d.c. motors are still American, German and French publications. the best with respect to speed control. Discussion Voltages most used are 415 V and 3-3 kV, the latter for motors larger than 75 to Opening the discussion, M r . F. C. W i n f i e l d 125 H.P., but it is impossible to specify (Merz & McLellan) agreed that the steam driving precisely the rating above which it is better of auxiliaries was “ dead ” and that when used to-day it was by way of emergency standby. For to use high voltage. There is much to be nearly fifty years the “unit” transformer arrange­ said for the method sometimes used of ment had been used without much trouble. It was connecting small low-voltage essential motors cheaper and inherently more reliable and simpler, to the terminals of associated high-voltage but he would not join issue with anybody who motors, through individual transformers, decided in favour of the unit generator. It was with starter switches on the low-voltage possible to do more harm by duplicating than by sticking to a straightforward system. The side. squirrel cage motor was the most robust, For the sake of reliability the principle of simplest and cheapest for constant speed drive. subdividing, or duplicating, all the essential Variable-speed motors were .needed for boilers auxiliary motors is strongly recommended. and fans; group control or the unified Ward- The simplest form of radial distribution Leonard system would ensure a much better can be employed, without duplication of efficiency of the boiler, but he did not care for feeders, transformers, or busbars. Double automatic control which seemed to be better 968 E l e c t r ic a l R e v œ w December 13, 1946

for fluctuating loads which were exceptional here. was very important. Works power consumption M r . C. W. M a r s h a l l (Central Electricity of 5 per cent was a usual figure. Board) suggested that there was a tendency to M r . W. N. C. C l i n c h (Northmet Co.) said that exaggerate the difficulties of power supply to there was no reason why switchgear for station station auxiliaries. If one looked at an outdoor auxiliary power should not be placed in a proper substation it would be realized that a very high switch room. He shared the view that the house degree of reliability could be obtained under set was rather a nuisance. One should bear in conditions compared with which power station mind present facilities. For instance, in the services were easy in the extreme. More atten­ event of a circulating pump shutting down the tion should be given to simplifying and avoiding turbine could, as the result of absolute back­ duplication of auxiliaries. Where exactly was pressure in the condenser falling, be in itself duplication justified at all ? The shaft alternator unloaded so that the condenser did not become was more costly, less efficient, less reliable and a boiler. It was a pity safety valves had to be more cumbersome than the “ unit ” transformer. used. The use of electricity for assisting the Admittedly it was shielded from voltage dis­ safety valve to open and shut positively was turbances to a certain extent, but with continu­ well worth while; he had actually done it. ally increasing effectiveness of fault clearance, He doubted whether some of the devices for he would like to be convinced. At the moment, controlling boiler auxiliaries, some of fairly he saw no justification at all for shaft alternators. large H.P., were worth the bother entailed. In advocating the avoidance of duplication he He advocated a central control board with push­ said there must be better measurement of buttons and means of watching closely the auxiliary power in order to ascertain whether regulation of all the auxiliaries. things were changing. As regarded the power M r . D. E. G a z e supported the idea of a required for governor and oil circulation, he separate switch room for the auxiliary switch­ did not think there was any less efficient method gear as the increased reliability would well of providing a few watts than by a big clumsy justify the extra cost. worm gear on the end of the shaft turbine. A servo motor could do the job. Author’s Reply In his reply M r . S z w a n d e r said that several “ Unit ” and House Transformers speakers preferred the “ unit ” transformer to M r . H. P r y c e -J o n e s (Brighton) said that the the shaft generator. He knew of cases in which simplicity of the author’s “ unit ” system without the two were very near to each other and the duplication or subdivision of the essential shaft generator was the cheaper alternative. auxiliary motors was attractive. The unit trans­ He had not advocated either. Any differences former attached to each turbo-alternator should in first cost and efficiency would be very small deal with all the auxiliaries of the one machine and the economic factor would decide. He and its associated boilers, with probably one was surprised to hear Mr. Winfield say that he house transformer to each half of the station, expected half of the auxiliaries would be in the capable of dealing with the complete auxiliaries “ non-urgent ” class. He would have expected of one turbine and its boilers, plus the capacity much less would be in that class, especially of half the “ non-essential ” services. A further considering modern power stations operating safeguard, but also an additional complication under comparatively high steam pressure and source of possible failure, would be some conditions, where the power demand of the automatic device whereby in the event of the boiler feed pumps had increased considerably. failure of a “ unit ” transformer, the essential With the present degree of interconnection auxiliaries could be changed over quickly and between power stations ' under normal condi­ smoothly to the house transformer. If sufficient tions, they would probably be prepared to lose thought were given to certain points in the a unit rather than have the additional complica­ initial design of a station, a house set or house tion of duplication. He agreed with Mr. alternator driven by the main set did not appear Winfield with regard to automatic control. to be essential. Temporary drops in voltage or As regarded the shaft generator being cumber­ frequency could be met by motors designed to some, this largely depended on the layout of run at 75 per cent of normal voltage for, say, the station. He also agreed that more attention three minutes with normal frequency; or at 90 should be given to the proper design of separate per cent normal frequency and/or 90 per cent control rooms for auxiliaries. normal voltage for, say, 30 minutes. Replying to Mr. Pryce-Jones, he said there M r . J. H. C. P e t e r s (English Electric Co.) was a long description of a device at the St. said the paper made no mention of the switch- Denis power station in Paris in the Bulletin of gear for controlling the supply. the Société Française des Electriciens of 1937 M r. G. T. S h e a r s (Central Electricity Board) for electrically operating steam valves, which said that for combustion control Ward-Leonard closed when the electrically measured load of the equipment in conjunction with mercury-arc set dropped below a certain minimum. One rectifiers had considerable scope. The hydraulic Ward - Leonard system with mercury - arc coupling was inefficient for constant torque rectifiers was going into service shortly and a drives. Since the fuel situation was serious, number of other installations were also in hand economy in the supplying of power to auxiliaries by the firm with which he was associated. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 969 CORRESPONDENCE Letters should bear the writers' names and addresses, not necessarily for publication. Responsibility cannot be accepted for correspondents' opinions.

Electric Motor Enclosure shown in sketch (a). If a meter of this FURTHER to Mr. H. E. Summerguth’s style be replaced by one with a standard F lletter in your last issue may I suggest B.S. terminal block and the cables left in the definition given in paragraph MG50-26 their original relative positions, the result of the “ Motor and Generator Standards,” would be a reversal of polarity of the whole published by the National Electrical Manu­ installation, as shown in sketch (b). Routine facturers’ Association of New York :— checking after any work at the meter or “ A submersible machine is one so con­ service point should be regular practice to structed that it will operate successfully guard against such a possibility. when submerged in water under specified Sunderland. P. R idler. conditions of pressure and time.” Small Workshops If for “ water ” the word “ liquid ” is substituted, this would meet most practical BN his “ Everybody’s Political What’s conditions. What,” Mr. George Bernard Shaw refers to “ House to house distribution of Chislehurst, Kent. A. N. D. K e r r . electric power enabling workshops to Meter Change and Polarity knock out factories as factories knocked out cottage industries.” That there may â CORRECT polarity of a single-phase already be a trend in this direction is shown installation has become a matter of by the increasing number of small workshops first-rate importance since the adoption of lately coming into existence whose establish­ single-pole distribution fuse boards and ment has been greatly facilitated because electricity is available. It is rather novel to come across a small workshop, all complete, in a shed at the back of the proprietor’s residence and showing a substantial output. The monumental mason and sculptor uses electrical aids to reduce labour, and sometimes has his workshop adjoining his residence, making use of his domestic service to bring power to his workshop. Among other such jobs off the beaten track are those with motors up to 10 H.P. driving saw benches in sheds for spare-time joinery, making wood crates, cutting firewood, or operating a small motor- driven colour spray. With these examples in mind it seems not too imaginative to wonder if the house-to- house distribution of electricity we are Polarity reversal on meter change achieving to-day may not bring about a partial return of cottage industries and thus undertakings have to be constantly on their in some ways complete the industrial cycle. guard against the possibility of a reversal. The new housing estates with their com­ Although this could happen long after the munity centres seem eminently suited to this installation has been checked and left in and one can imagine some organizing genius order, the undertaking would doubtless be integrating these potential resources in much called to account for any untoward result. the same way as the production manager One possible cause of reversal, for which does in any modern factory. It seems to the the undertaking would be responsible, may writer, after looking over a mass-production not have been generally noticed. There are factory employing all female labour, that probably many single-phase meters still in many of the operations might be done just circuit that have the sequence, of connections as well in the more congenial surroundings C t 970 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w D ecem ber 13, 1946 of the home, as was often arranged during As I see it the purpose of the intelligences the war. responsible for these phenomena is not just Electricity, in conjunction with other to provide funds for charities, but to enable modem conveniences has reduced drudgery propaganda to be made for God. My' reasons in thousands of homes to a remarkable for asking you to devote space in a technical extent. There must, therefore, be thousands journal for this matter are :— of women—and many men too—w ho w ould (a) It is more important that scientific welcome some remunerative way of occupy­ minds should declare themselves against ing a few hours daily, instead of forming a materialism, thus giving the lead to new and enlarged “ leisured class." the rest of the world. Sunderland. P . R i d l e r . Cb) Scientific progress will be much more Miracles Do Happen rapid and its application much more beneficial to mankind, if scientists T |R . ALFRED RUSSELL WALLACE realize the implications of these miracles gives this definition:—“ A miracle and open up their minds to the Source is the physical action of an intelligent agent of all intelligence. producing results to which known laws (c) This journal is read by business people are inadequate.” By this definition miracles and there is a great need for that class, have been happening to me, and although among others, to “ Seek first the I cannot at this stage go into details, I can Kingdom of God.” say that substantial sums of money have come to me in a miraculous manner. “ Pennies from H eaven Few people will believe this unless it can (A.M.LE.E.).” be proved to them. Now nothing talks so [This letter would not ordinarily have been effectively to materialistic minds as money', included in the columns of the Electrical Review so I enclose a cheque for £100 payable to but for the fact that that is a condition of the payment of the contribution of £100 to the the Electrical Industries Benevolent Associa­ Electrical Industries Benevolent Association. tion. As a working man I should normally We are glad to find space for the letter in order be quite unable to afford to give away that the E LB A, should benefit.— E d i t o r s , such a sum. Electrical Review.} Drives for Ships* Services Advantages of A.C. Equipment HIPS' electrically-driven auxiliary mach­ alternators driven in tandem with the main inery is found to be more costly to sets. Otherwise auxiliary turbo-alternators purchase bin. excepting special cases, is much for use at sea and Diesel-alternators for use in cheaper to operate than equivalent steam- port can be designed to work satisfactorily in driven plant. Hitherto

above have been made for the wholly owned a moving performance of ethereal charm. subsidiary company, the Chepstow Electric Admirable support was given by Wilfrid Jones, Lighting & Power Co., Ltd. Hugh Walker, Ray Harries, Lawrence Hyatt, Mr. W. H. Metcalfe, A.M.I.E.E., borough Leslie Beer and John Shirreff, and Lydia Lyons, electrical engineer at Morley, Yorks, was Mildred Harker, Irene Robson, Kathleen provisionally appointed electrical engineer and Bonner, and Muriel Dru. manager to Long Eaton Mr. G. A. Nicholson, general manager of Fife Urban District Council, Electric Power Co., will shortly retire under in succession to Mr. J. the operation of the age limit. He has been Barnett Feltham at a associated with the company since 1909, first Council meeting on as secretary of Fife Tramway Light & Power December 5th. Mr. Co., Ltd., and later as secretary of Fife Power Metcalfe went to Wake­ Co. On the death of his predecessor, Mr. field Academy and the James Thomson, in 1929, Mr. Nicholson Institution of Techno­ was appointed general manager. As we logy, Wakefield, com­ reported in our last issue, Mr. Nicholson will pleting his training with be succeeded by Mr. W. S. Sawtell, M.I.E.E., the Wakefield Light at present general manager of the Scottish Railway and the York­ Southern Electric Supply Co., Ltd. shire (W.R.) Electric Mr. W . H. M etcalfe Tramways Co. After Mr. C. M. Isherwood, M.Eng., A.M.I.E.E., serving in the Forces in temporary engineering assistant, Liverpool the 1914-18 war he became engineer assistant to Corporation Electric Supply Department, has the latter company, and two years later was been appointed assistant high-voltage engineer appointed resident engineer to the Pontefract in a permanent capacity. Mr. W. Cook, control electricity undertaking. He became engineer room engineer, Lister Drive station, now fills and manager with the Bacup electricity under­ a similar position at Clarence Dock Station; taking in 1931, and left there in 1945 to take Mr. H. L. Quayle, control room engineer, up his present position at Morley. Mr. Feltham Clarence Dock, has been appointed electrical is retiring in February next having held the maintenance engineer. position of electrical engineer and manager at Mr. A. G. Milne, A.M.I.E.E., technical Long Eaton since 1923. superintendent with the Blackburn Corporation At the meeting of the London and Home Electricity Department, has been appointed Counties Joint Electricity Authority held on deputy city electrical engineer at Bath. Mr. December 5th, Mr. H. E. Goodrich, J.P., M.P., Milne received his was elected chairman and Councillor W. H. engineering training at Shaw, vice-chairman of the Authority. Faraday House, and in Mr. B. Fisher, A.M.I.E.E., technical assistant the steam and electrical to the chief electrical engineer of Tube Invest­ test departments and ment (Group Services), Ltd., Birmingham, has research department of been appointed power installations engineer C. A. Parsons & Co., with the Sheffield Corporation Electricity Ltd. After a period on Department at a commencing salary of £597 the staff of this company, per annum. Mr. T. Bryan, B.Sc., assistant he joined the County engineer with McLellan & Partners, and Mr. A. of London Electric Swift, acting installation engineer with Sheffield Supply Co., Ltd., as Electricity Department, have been appointed junior charge engineer. installation engineers at Sheffield at commencing His next post was as salaries of £478 per annum. Mr. A. G. Milne assistant district engin­ The Johnson Matthey Dramatic Society gave eer with the Yorkshire three fine performances at King George’s Hall, Electric Power Co., and from there he joined London, W.C.l, last week of “ Death Takes a Thos. Firth & John Brown, Ltd., Sheffield, as Holiday,” by Alberto Casella (rewritten by assistant works manager in the Engineers’ Tool Walter Ferris). This play, in which “ Death ” Department. Mr. Milne returned to the York­ becomes mortal for three days and in the guise shire Electric Power Co., in 1939, and successively of a prince becomes the guest of an Italian Duke held the appointments of construction and at his castle, provides some amusing dialogue senior technical assistant in the mains construc­ and also some tense moments. A strong cast tion department, and technical assistant in the headed by Mr. Frank Braby as “ Death ”, operation department. He joined the Black­ and the Prince, gave point to the various burn undertaking in 1945. While he was in situations, grave and gay, and made an im­ Yorkshire, Mr. Milne served as assistant hon. probable story sound convincing. Miss Freda secretary of the North Midland Centre of the Webb, as “ Grazia,” whose love for the Prince Institution of Electrical Engineers. surmounts the fear of death and accompanies The following staff changes have been made him when he divests himself of mortality, gave in the Barking Corporation Electricity Depart- December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 973 ment:—Mr. H. A. Matthey, A.M.I.E.E., of the Central Electricity Board, upon the death Islington, has been appointed assistant installa­ of his wife, Mrs. Coralie Hobson, on Decem­ tion and meter superintendent; Mr. J. G. ber 4th. Boggis, Graduate I.E.E., of Bethnal Green, Mr. T. D. Trees.—The death occurred on has been appointed second mains assistant; November 29th of Mr. Thomas Dennis Trees, and Mr. P. Stevens has been promoted to A.M.I.E.E., of the Electrical Engineering mains records assistant. Department, Admiralty. Mr. K. M. Sowerhutts, assistant mains super­ Wills.—Mr. J. F. Jones, of Woking, Surrey, intendent with the Bedford electricity under­ retired electrical engineer, who died on Sep­ taking, has been appointed assistant mains tember 9th last, left £44,971 gross, with net superintendent at Bath, and Mr. L. Locker, personalty £42,426. assistant mains engineer with the Rotherham Mr. A. M. H. Walrond, a director of Calcutta Corporation electricity undertaking, has been Electric Supply Corporation, who died on appointed testing engineer (mains) at Bath. June 24th last, left £13,251 gross, with net Mr. J. Yates, of Walsall, has been appointed personalty £12,658. mains engineer to Bolton Corporation Electricity Mr. H. C. T. Westlake, of Donnybrook, Department at a salary of £662 per annum. Kings Drive, Eastbourne, late borough electrical Mr. G. A. White has been appointed installa­ engineer of High Wycombe, who died on tion superintendent with Wallasey Corporation January 25th last, left £10,632 gross, with net Electricity Department at a salary of £479 per personalty £10,572. annum. Mr. S. E. Britton, formerly city electrical West Bromwich Corporation Electricity Com­ engineer of Chester, left £5,363 (net personalty mittee has appointed Mr. M. Nicholls, of Heston, £5,240). as chief commercial assistant in succession to Mr. P. H. Flatt, who has resigned. Welding Research Mr. E. Barrie has resigned his position as rB^HE programme of work contemplated development engineer with Elexcel, Ltd., and by the British Welding Research Associa­ has been appointed works superintendent of tion indicates how widely diverse are the uses H. Fisher (Oldham), Ltd. of welding in the engineering and the metal Mr. R. E. J. Harding, A.M.S.E., A.I.A.S., construction industries. The investigations are who has been with the Wimbledon Corporation broadly divided into four categories, each for nineteen years, is leaving shortly to join the directed by sub-committees, under the guidance London & Home Counties Joint Electricity of a main committee, under the chairmanship Authority in the capacity of building surveyor. of Dr. H. Harris (Babcock & Wilcox, Ltd.) in An autumn dance, jointly organized by the the case of metallurgical aspects, of Prof. A. G. North Western Students’ Section of the I.E.E. Pugsley (Bristol University) in respect of and the North Western Graduates’ Section of engineering factors, of Dr. H. Sutton (Ministry the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, was of Supply) for light alloys and of Dr. H. O’Neill held on November 30th at Manchester Limited (L.M. & S. Railway) for resistance welding. Restaurant, Manchester, and there was a large In addition to the small-scale laboratory attendance representing both Sections. The work at the Association’s headquarters in guests included Mr. E. T. Norris, chairman of London, at the moment mainly concentrated the North Western Centre of the I.E.E. upon the weldability of the newer kinds of steels and the hot cracking of arc-welded aluminium and magnesium alloys, a new Obituary establishment at Cambridge is to concern itself Mr. Q. Arbuckle.—We regret to record the with the fundamentals of structural work and death of Mr. Quentin Arbuckle, mains super­ pressure vessels to see if predictions can be intendent with Bradford Corporation Electricity fulfilled in practice. It is hoped in due course to Department, which occurred on December 3rd subject the initial findings to full-scale tests in at the age of sixty-three years. Mr. Arbuckle order to determine the real margins of safety obtained his early experience with Crompton of the more rigid welded structures by com­ Parkinson & Co., Ltd., and the Doncaster parison with the factors of safety usually Corporation Electricity Department. He allowed for relatively flexible riveted structures. joined Bradford Corporation Electricity De­ Such experimental tests will be conducted on partment in 1905 as draughtsman, and subse­ the site of a large Georgian house standing in quently held the posts of mains assistant and 25 acres at Abingdon in Berkshire. mains engineer, and was appointed mains But to enable full-scale investigations to be superintendent in 1941. He took an active proceeded with quickly enough the Association part in the planning and development of the will need to enlarge its membership in order to new 33-kV system and the primary sub­ qualify for larger D.S.I.R. grants-in-aid, which stations connected with it. is one of the reasons why the Association and Mrs. Harold Hobson.—We extend our deepest Institute of Welding separated and became sympathy to Mr. Harold Hobson, chairman of independent entities. 974 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 A.C. iflotor Starters—II Protection Against Single-Phasing and Earth Faults

^^H O U L D one supply line *< R o to r any line falls below a value to a three-phase motor that is less than no-load current. become open-circuited the motor would The bi-metal trip operates on overload or if not be self-starting, but it would continue to the current in the three phases becomes run if the fault occurred after starting with an appreciably unequal by having trip bars increased current in the motor windings. In above and below the bi-metal strips, which a star-connected motor the increase of separate and open the trip contacts if the current in the two sound lines would be the curvature of the strips becomes unequal. same as the iflcreased current in the motor Where direct earthing is relied upon for the protection of large motors a very low- resistance earth must be maintained to ensure that sufficient current passes through the overload trips or fuses to cause operation with earth faults; where this is impracticable, leakage trips may be fitted. These trips can be current-operated and based on the principle that the algebraic sum of the currents in the three supply lines should normally be zero. This principle can be applied by passing the three supply leads through a ring-type current transformer with its secondary output fed to a trip coil or by combining the secondary outputs of three

Fig. 4.—Connections of earth-leakage trip and overload trip coils with time-lag fuses windings that remained connected to the supply; line-overload trips thus afford the same degree of protection against this fault as against ordinary overload. In a delta-connected motor, as used with a star-delta starter, the current in the phase of the motor windings connected across the two sound lines may be appreciably greater than in the two lines, so that normal over­ load trips may fail to give complete protec­ tion. If the trips can be set to function at 25 per cent above the actual load current of the motor, an open-circuited line should raise the line current above tripping value. Where this cannot be done, as when a motor works on a varying load, a starter having Fig. 5.—Connections of voltage-operated earth- special protection against single-phasing leakage trip controlling motor switch might be considered. In one make single- separate current transformers as in Fig. 4. phasing protection is combined with the If some of the input current returns to the overload trips. The magnetic trip is arranged to operate on overload or if the current in Part I of this article appeared on November 22nd. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 975 supply plant through earth the resultant A[ and A2 provided the rotor starter is in current in the trip coil will cause it to operate. the off position to close contacts B and the An alternative is to use a voltage-operated slip-ring device is in the starting position to earth-leakage trip (Fig. 5), the metallic close contacts D. When the switch has sheathing of the conductors being connected been closed the rotor starter resistance can be to earth through a trip coil which is respon­ cut out, and the slip-rings short-circuited sive to a fraction of an ampere leakage after the contacts C have been closed by the current and de-energizes the starter no-volt rotor starter. coil. It usually functions if the voltage of the An isolating switch interlocked with the metalwork reaches not more than 40 V above starter should be provided to prevent the earth. latter from being opened or the oil tank from Means should be provided to prevent the being lowered until after isolation. A large

Fig. 6.—Connections for three-phase slip-ring motor with interlocked starting gear rotor starting resistance of a slip-ring motor starter may be horizontally or vertically being cut out before the stator switch is isolated by a movement that disconnects closed, but some of the mechanical interlocks plugs from their sockets after the starter has provided are not wholly reliable. Combined been tripped. stator and rotor starters operated by a single Many a.c. starters are specified to be handle have an advantage. The rotor capable of interrupting six times full-load starter should merely control and not open current. As the possible fault current may the resistance in the rotor circuit. be much greater, some form of back-up A further interlock, usually consisting of protection is required and high-rupturing- an auxiliary switch which is opened when the capacity cartridge fuses are very suitable. slip-rings are short-circuited and connected in Fig. 7 shows the characteristics of a fuse the no-volt circuit, is desirable. A good designed to operate more quickly than over­ arrangement of electrical interlocks is shown load trips on more than five times full-load in Fig. 6. The stator switch cannot be current; with such a fuse it is advisable to closed until the interlocking no-volt coil (N) consider whether the starter can safely close is energized by the initial movement of this the circuit on a pre-existing serious fault. switch, which closes auxiliary contacts Most non-automatic starters, with the 976 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 exception of the direct-on-line type, are fitted with mechanical or electrical interlocks to Municipal Reports ensure that the control gear is used in the Preston.—Consumption of electricity in the undertaking’s area last year showed little change correct sequence—an important feature where in the aggregate (123-8 million kWh compared unskilled labour is employed. Star-delta with 123-3 million in 1944-45). There was, however, a continuation of the decline in industrial power supplies, which have fallen by 30 per cent since the “ peak ” year of the war— 1943-44; i.e. from 53-4 million kWh to 37'6 million. The textile industry provides scope for considerable expansion, a survey of the area revealing that if all this load were taken from the undertaking’s system there would be an addition of approximately 11,000 kW. Mention is made by the borough electrical engineer (Mr. G. A. Robertson) in his report of a reorganization and extension scheme which is being carried out in the consumers’ depart­ ment with the object of providing a compre­ hensive service free of cost to the user. Through new plant commissioned at the end of 1943 being due for inspection and annual overhaul, there was a reduction in kW h generated from 426-3 million to 348 9 million. The new Ribble No. 2 station (see Electrical Review, September 7th, 1945) showed a thermal efficiency of 22’38 per cent. Revenue during 1945-46 aggregated £1,035,879 (against £995,306), with working expenditure at £922,811 (£859,345) and after providing for loan charges, etc., there was a net surplus of £3,907 (£16,455), before allowing for £14,267 (£7,448) capital expenditure out of revenue. The average price received per kWh sold, excluding bulk supplies, was 1 088d. NUMBER OF CURRENT RATING Cheltenham.—The borough electrical engineer and manager (Mr. R. W. Steel) reports that Fig. 7.—Operating characteristics of one type of during 1945-46 the trend of the unaertaking’s thermal overload trip and cartridge fuse business was similar to that of the preceding and auto-transformer starters of the hand- year, sales for power purposes continuing to decrease while domestic supplies showed a operated types have a device to prevent the marked tendency to expand very rapidly. control handle being moved to the running Actually, under the power and contract rate position before it has first been placed in the consumption decreased by over 19 per cent to starting position or if the change-over is not 11 -8 million kWh, against which under the made swiftly. Such devices may be a simple combined lighting, heating and cooking rate form of catch controlling the handle, prefer­ there was an increase of over 14 per cent to ably inside the starter case where the starter 12-0 million kWh. Overall consumption, at is in a dirty or damp position. It is a defect 36-4 million kWh, was down by just under a million kWh. Exclusive of meter rents, etc., of many starters that they have no automatic the average price received per kWh sold was means, such as the oil dashpot provided on l-39d. against l-37d. in 1944-45. Total income some, of compelling the operator to pause in last year amounted to £231,909 (£225,027) with the starting position long enough to enable the working expenses at £203,772 (£180,849) and motor to accelerate to a steady speed. after meeting loan charges and income tax, etc., there was a net deficit of £1,720 compared with a profit of £4,428 in the previous year. With Atmospheric Electricity Research in Russia.— £8,597 spent on capital items the balance According to the Soviet News, a new laboratory brought forward has been reduced from £27,091 for the study of atmospheric electricity was to £16,774. recently inaugurated in connection with the Central Geophysical Observatory at Seltsy, near Through a printer’s error the average price Leningrad. A laboratory for research work in received per kWh sold at Huddersfield last connection with the ionosphere is also being year was given in our November 29th issue as established in the same buildings. 0-080d. instead of O 80d. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 977 Extensions at Hull Opening and Jubilee Celebrations HE starting up of a new 30,000-kW increased to 124,000 kW by September, 1948, T generating unit at Sculcoates power but later developments necessitated advancing station last Saturday by Mr. Emanuel the date for completion by two years. Shinwell, Minister of Fuel and Power, The new 30,000-kW turbine is a G. E. C. provided the first appropriate opportunity Fraser & Chalmers 3,000-r.p.m. two-cylinder for celebrating the jubilee of the Kingston- machine. Steam at 375 lb per sq in. and upon-Hull undertaking. Supply was first 800 deg F enters the 22-stage high-pressure switched on in the borough on January 16th, cylinder at the end near the centre of the set, 1893, from the Daggers Lane 300-kW station in order to ensure cooler governor and oil- to 148 consumers in an area of 15 sq miles. pump gear, and exhausts to the centre of the The area was sub­ sequently extended by stages to 162 square miles, and during the twelve months ended March 31st last nearly 100,000 con­ sumers took 280 million kWh out of a total of 348

New 30,000-kW set and boilers at Hull

low-pressure cylinder in which it traverses six stages each way. Approximately 1,600 gallons of light oil is circulated to the bearings through coolers. Mirrlees-Watson twin con­ densers maintain a pressure of 1-5 in Hg at the turbine exhaust, for which 1,250,000 gal of cooling water per hr is [required. The 4,396 brass million kWh generated for a consumption tubes in each were expanded by means of 233,000 tons of fuel. The maximum of an electrically-driven automatic device demand was 90,495 kW which was carried controlled by a sensitive current-limiting by 99,000 kW of plant. relay; this gives a push-out strength of The capital outlay on the undertaking, nearly one ton, i.e., a factor of safety of including the £900,000 estimated for the new four on the maximum thrust exerted on the plant, is now approximately £6,700,000. An tube plate. Condensate is dealt with by a unusual feature of the extension is that the 47-H.P. pump and its temperature is raised Central Electricity Board originally directed from 80 to 315 deg F for boiler feed by that the capacity of the station should be steam extracted from the turbine at 13-4, 978 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 36-4 and 105 lb per sq in. at 80 per cent water seals to a John Thompson 42-in loading. A vacuum relay progressively submerged rubber-belt ash conveyor and is throws off load should the vacuum fall below discharged by a skip hoist to a 6,000 cu ft 24 in. A 15,000 lb per hr triple-effect tile-lined steel bunker. Coaling plant (75 vapour-compression evaporator of the Prache tons per hr) has been supplied by the Mitchell and Bouillon type, made by Aiton & Co., has Engineering Co. Power for each of the boilers a steam consumption of 2,830 lb per hr. is taken from a 500-kVA 6,600/400-V Of the total weight of the complete set of Metrovick transformer by means of Pyrotenax 400 tons the stator of the G.E.C. alternator cable (carried out by the undertaking’s staff) accounts for 95 tons; it is wound for 22-kV to a Brookhirst control board. Other and is cooled by integral fans. The rotor, cabling has been supplied by Crompton- 21 tons, is cooled by air flowing towards the Parkinson and B.I. Callender’s. Mather & centre and then out through slots in the Platt & Foamite have each provided fire stator iron, the aim being to avoid rotor coil protection. distortion. Separate excitation has been In order to provide both for the present adopted. The designed heat consumption extension and for obsolescence of the existing of the set at rated output is 10,945 B.Th.U. wooden cooling towers, a hyperbolic concrete per kWh generated. New high-voltage tower, designed by Mouchel & Partners and switchgear comprises eight 22-kV and nine built by the Mitchell Construction Co., has 6-6-kV panels by Reyrolles; the latter been installed ; it has a capacity of 2-5 million include the control of Metrovick reactors for gal per hr, and is supplied by two Sulzer restricting fault kVA on existing switchgear pumps each of half that capacity. The to 500,000. tower is 294 ft high and 195 ft 6 in. in diameter Steam-raising Plant at ground level and its cooling range is 15 deg F with air at 64-4 deg F and 75 per cent humidity. Steam is raised at 400 lb per sq in. and The 300 ft by 14 ft 6 in. stack to which the 825 deg F in two 190,000 lb per hr three-drum flue gases pass at 240 to 270 deg F is said to Clarke-Chapman boilers with Murray fin be the highest steel chimney in Britain. water-cooled furnaces which are fired by Acknowledgments are due to Mr. D. International Combustion chain-grate Bellamy, general manager, and Mr. W. H. stokers. These have been installed in the Dunkley, his deputy, in respect of the above space formerly occupied by two 50,000 lb information. boilers. They are equipped with super­ heaters of the horizontal self-draining type of Mr. Shinwell on Development the Superheater Co.’s make. Feed at 250 Speaking at the subsequent luncheon, Mr. deg F is raised in temperature to 355 deg Shinwell, referring to the imminence of before entering the rear top drum through a nationalization of electricity supply, said that Copes “ Flowmatic ” regulator. Davidson electrical achievements in many areas had been draught plant comprises twin forced- and striking but existing boundaries retarded induced-draught fans of 51 and 122 H.P. and progress. While not partial to nationalization merely for its own sake, he considered that it two 41-H.P. secondary air fans; three grit- presented the only way to securing orderly arresting Cyclones (one or two of which are development over the whole country. Although automatically cut out at light loads) take the he fully appreciated what municipalities and gases from each i.d. fan at a full-load efficiency companies had accomplished, he held that the of 92 per cent. peculiar difficulties attending rural electrification Combustion control is on the Flagan required larger supply units controlled by men automatic system, which is responsive to free from parochial outlook. In the country steam-range pressure and maintains the as a whole 63 per cent of rural premises were connected up, but only 27 per cent of farm appropriate air-fuel ratio and balanced buildings were supplied, more than half of them furnace draught. Panels by Geo. Kent house for the farmhouses only. all instruments and controls, except those Mr. Shinwell commended the bold policy of for the soot blowers. Eighteen Clyde auto­ development by the Dumfriesshire County matic soot blowers have been provided per Council in its sparsely populated area which boiler with Brookhirst electrical control. contained practically no industries; within Provision is also made for water lancing the sixteen years 75 per cent of the possible con­ superheater on load. Two Howden- sumers had been supplied and a further 10 per cent could readily be connected. A vital factor Ljungstrom heaters (cleanable on load) had been that no capital charges were made for pre-heat the combustion air to 300 deg F. connection to the mains: others were simplicity Ash and grit fall by the rear ash pit and of the tariff and the giving of good service and December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 979 advice. One dairy farmer (owning 50 cows) had electrified his farm, dairy and threshing and Central African Water Power corn-grinding machines at an annual cost of Proposed Inter-Territorial Commission £20—work that would have required the employment of two men. E are informed by the Colonial Office that at the fourth meeting of the Central It would be some time, the Minister continued, African Council held at Salisbury, Southern before cuts in supply, due to plant shortages as Rhodesia, in November a number of recom­ a result of the war, would be overcome. mendations were made, among them being one Domestic consumers could assist in avoiding for the establishment without delay of an interruptions by switching off, on request, water heaters and fires. Returning to the Inter-Territorial Hydro-Electric Power Com­ mission of two members each from Southern question of nationalization, he said that he and Northern Rhodesia with wide investigatory realized that some who opposed it held that the powers, including the power to engage con­ present system was the best for the end in view. sultants and specialists. He urged these to give their active assistance The proposed Commission would study the in developing the industry under any form of possibilities of Kariba and Kafuo hydro-electric ownership in the public interest. power projects and any other large sources of Mr. Shinwell also referred to the subjects of power available for joint development and make tariff uniformity and voltage standardization. recommendations thereon. It would consider The toast list also included the names of the load development in participating territories; following:—The Lord Mayor of Kingston- the extent of initial hydro-electric development upon-Hull (Alderman I. Robinson, chairman desirable and the time by which it should be in of the Electricity Committee), Mr. V. A. Pask operation; the site selected for initial develop­ (C.E.B.), Mr. F. Lonsdale (G.E.C.), Captain ment; transmission line details and routes; J. B. Woodeson (Clarke, Chapman & Co., Ltd.), finance and costs; the form of control of the Mr. D. Bellamy, Alderman F. Holmes (deputy undertaking; subsequent investigations and chairman, Electricity Committee) and Sir Cyril development ; and irrigation possibilities. Hurcomb (chairman, Electricity Commission). The Commission would also study the possibilities of economizing in manpower by mechanization and modern labour-saving New Welsh Power Station machinery, having regard to the effects of the Carmarthen Bay Project project on the African labour situation. It would be financed by block grants and would POWER station with an ultimate submit estimates of the cost of its work and A capacity of 300,000 kW is to be built investigations. Nyasaland would be kept fully by the Llanelly & District Electric Supply Co., informed of the Commission’s work. Ltd., at Burry Port, Carmarthenshire, in accor­ dance with an agreement entered into with the Central Electricity Board. Detailed survey work and trial borings are already being made Menai Straits Tidal Scheme and construction of the station is expected to PRELIMINARY scheme designed to start early next year. The total estimated A demonstrate the economic feasibility of expenditure is £12,000,000. generating electricity from the tides in the Menai The station (Carmarthen Bay) is considered Straits has been drawn up by Mr. F. O. Harber, to be the key to industrial development planned the Bangor borough electrical engineer. The for S.W. Wales. It is to be built in three sections, advantages claimed over other tidal schemes the first of which will cost £5 million and is are that the Straits have a tidal range of unusual expected to be in commercial operation by the magnitude and, being open both ends, would end of 1950. Balfour, Beatty & Co., Ltd., lend themselves to the construction of a double have been appointed consulting engineers and basin having a dam at each end and one in the contractors for the construction of the power middle, which would allow of a regular output station, and Sir Percy Thomas, of Cardiff, is without expensive pumped storage. to advise on the architectural features. The Menai Straits are 12 miles long (Belan The Llanelly Company, in an official state­ Point to Bangor Pier) with an area of just over ment, says that application for the consent of 8 sq miles at high-water level and a tidal range the Electricity Commissioners to establish the at Bangor of 21*1 ft h.w.s. and 12-2 ft h.w.n. new station had been authorized. It is under­ which falls at Belan to 13-8 ft and 6-8 ft. The stood, the company adds, that the local high-level reservoir would be filled at high tides authorities and the local interim development and the low level one drained at low tide. authorities for the district under the Town and The centre dam would carry the generating Country Planning Acts are in favour of the plant, which would have a possible electrical scheme. The site, covering 220 acres, is con­ output twelve times that now required for the sidered to be admirably suited for a large modern Bangor supply area, and the annual coal saving power station, being in close proximity to the is estimated at 60,000 tons. The nearest selected local coalfields and having ample water and station is at Runcorn and the nearest main grid railway facilities. substation at Creive, 75 miles away. 980 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 Fuel Situation knowledge. For instance the statement that the cost of a 220-kV bushing type insulator is Industrial Cuts to be Made as much as that of building a five-roomed ALTHOUGH there has recently been a cottage, makes it seem worth while to attempt slight improvement in coal output, con­ the making of large bushings by moulding sumption is rising at a higher rate and the them as a whole, together with metallic layers, shortage is expected to become worse unless so as to exclude all air and thereby avoid subse­ the demand is drastically cut. Mr. Shinwell, quent absorption of moisture. The author Minister of Fuel and Power, in making this believes the time is not far off when plastic statement last week, also announced com­ flexible sheet will take the place of treated paper pulsory measures for keeping down coal in the winding of bushings. consumption. So far as the “ silicones ” are concerned, it is He said that although supplies to gas and perhaps not just a fortunate coincidence that electricity works (and certain other industrial this new class of resinoids followed so closely undertakings) would not be reduced he was upon the commercializing of glass-fibre insula­ taking steps to prevent further increases in use. tion, which has lacked a suitable impregnant It was also proposed to make an Order requiring to fulfil its claim to great heat resistance. all concerns using more than a specified amount Unfortunately the silicone resins are not of coal to reduce their consumption by 2k per obtainable in this country and it is feared that cent in each of the four-weekly periods after their cost will remain extremely high for some December 30th as compared with the four­ time to come until cheaper manufacturing weekly period immediately preceding a meter processes are evolved. Since their processing reading made early in December. Due regard temperature is of the order of 300 deg C, pros­ would be paid to undertakings whose arrange­ pective manufacturers must realize that they ments would not permit of a reduction. Mr. will require new plant and for that reason alone Shinwell suggested that all industrial concerns several years must elapse before these materials should aim at a reduction of 5 per cent. can become popular in the electrical industry The Order would apply to undertakings generally. (industrial and commercial) which had an annual consumption of more than 100 tons of coal, 130,000 kWh of electricity or 7,000 therms Railway Lighting of gas. No compulsory measures would be applied A PAPER on railway lighting was presented to domestic consumers, but Mr. Shinwell by M e s s r s . A. C u n n i n g h a m and G . W. appealed to them to reduce their fuel con­ G o l d s at this week’s meeting in London of the sumption voluntarily to prevent dislocation of Illuminating Engineering Society. A statement industry and unemployment. of general requirements was followed by remarks on the selection of fittings, with special regard for their simplicity, quality of light being regarded as more important than the degree of Plastic Insulating Materials illumination. ATTENTION is directed to the merits of Special cases commented on included the “ plastics ” and their growing importance lighting of locomotive inspection pits, the as electrical insulating substances by D r . I n g . interiors of box wagons in goods sheds, and G u i d o E. H a e f e l y in a paper submitted this shunting yards. Reference was made to the week to the Installations Section of the Institu­ tendency to minimize artificial lighting in tion of Electrical Engineers. signal cabins to assist “ dark adaptation ” of An endeavour is made to explain in a simple signalmen’s eyes when observing train move­ manner the fundamental chemical structure of ments through the windows. A scale model some typical materials, without describing their was exhibited to indicate possible ways of manufacture or properties, the intention being more safely lighting stairways, pointing out the to stimulate a desire for deeper knowledge of need for contrast between the front edge and them. To understand their dielectric properties back of the treads. it is essential to be familiar with the fundamental Some attempt to forecast future develop­ concepts of chemistry and physics in addition ments anticipated the use of fluorescent tubes to electricity. for particular purposes rather than wholesale Not to take advantage of the newer materials, substitution for filament lamps. The clear would be gross negligence; but great care needs revealing of railway station names was con­ to be exercised when choosing the suppliers. sidered to be a primary necessity as well as better Many of these materials are being produced by means of guiding and directing the travelling relatively small firms which have not the facilities public. required for checking consistency and per­ An Inter-Railway Lighting Committee had formance. recently recommended the adoption of the When suggesting how new substances could I.E.S. Code as a general guide to the improve­ be utilized to advance old processes, the author ment of staff room amenities and welfare selects a few examples from his specialized aspects. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 981 Nhopping-Centre Lighting* r Fluorescent Installation in Brompton Road

ONTINUING its experi­ C mental work in connection with the use of fluorescent lamps for the ill umination of shopping centres, Central London Elec­ tricity has now undertaken the responsibility for a second installation of the kind. This new installation, in Brompton Road, S.W., carried

“ Close-up ” of double lantern

Houston Co., Ltd., which was described in the Electrical Review of September 20th. It comprises ten lanterns mounted at 30 ft on concrete columns—four on the outer kerbs and three with double lanterns on centre islands. These provide about 25,000 lumens per 100 ft for a 660-ft stretch of double carriage way near Harrods. Each lantern contains seven 80-W 5-ft fluorescent

Day and night views of the standards and lanterns in B rom pton Road out by the General Electric Co., Ltd., differs in several details from the earlier one in Old Bond Street, installed by the British Thomson- 982 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 lamps in “ V ” formation and for an input present tests because of the greater suitability of 630-W gives appreciably more light than of the natural colour of its light to the purpose 1,000-W tungsten lamps in the vicinity and in view as compared with the high-pressure usefully illuminates buildings and pave­ mercury-vapour discharge lamp. The fluor­ ments as well. The lanterns are constructed escent lamp, consisting essentially of a almost entirely of light alloys and are glazed tubular glass envelope with a filament with sliding “ Perspex ” panels. Auxiliary electrode sealed in at each end, works at equipment is contained in the bases of the a relatively low gas pressure and although columns. its luminous efficiency at the arc is not so In Brompton Road the lamps are of the good as that of the high-pressure lamp, the “ daylight ” type, and an opportunity was ultra-violet rays emitted are of shorter afforded us recently of comparing them with wave-length and cause fluorescence of certain the “ warm-white ” colour adopted in Old powders coating the inside of the tube, which act as “ frequency converters ” which change invisible into visible rays. By this means the overall efficiency of the light source is raised to as much as 25 lumens per watt initially. Since more than 90 per cent of the light comes not from the gas column, as in the case of the high-pressure lamp, but from the extended area of the powder coating, the surface brightness of the lamp at any point does not exceed 4 to 5 candles per sq in. The consequent absence of harmful glare gives improved visibility, thus contributing to greater safety in the streets. Central London Electricity, in co­ operation with the manufacturers, intends to carry out further tests on these provisional installations during the coming winter.

French Electricity Restrictions From Our Paris Correspondent r«IH E new plan for electricity restrictions -™- in France has begun, and from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. consumers are to be deprived of electricity on two days a week, except for a short period at mid-day for cooking purposes. Heavy ^ Old Bond Street installation using catenary- penalties will be inflicted in cases where the suspended “ Warm-White ” tubes authorized allowance is exceeded, and after the first fine the supply may be cut off entirely. Bond Street where the fittings and mounting A reduction of about 20 per cent in the present method are also on other lines. In the allowance is envisaged. Employers are still latter case eight lanterns are suspended discussing the effect the cuts are likely to have centrally over the roadway from catenaries on industry, and it is possible the working week slung across the street and can be drawn will have to be reduced to four days. Illuminated signs are again strictly forbidden except on in to the kerb for maintenance. certain days to be specified as fête days. The lanterns, each containing three 80-W Easing of the restrictions is dependent upon 5-ft fluorescent lamps, mounted at a height rainfall. Coal reserves in steam plants amount of 25 ft give controlled cut-off distribution to 18 days' supply, which is considered satis­ and contain all the auxiliary gear. They are factory, but the hydro-electric reservoirs are spread at 80-ft intervals to give an output of only half full ; that of the Massif Central is 8,550 lumens per 100 ft. The total energy only 28 per cent full. The present deficit is consumption of the installation is 2,400 Wh about 400,000 kWh daily. It is hoped that if the weather is not too cold for some weeks it per hr, compared with 2,250 of the may be possible to reduce restrictions to one day. “ economy ” tungsten lighting it superseded Official prognostications for the future and 3,750 of the pre-war installation. envisage cuts each year until 1950, when Fluorescent lighting was chosen for the sufficient hydro-electric power will be available. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 983 COMMERCE and INDUSTRY Census of Production. Electrical Employment Statistics. fW^HE text was published last week (Stationery from members of the staff of a public utility Office, 3d.) of the Statistics of Trade Bill company following the amendment of the introduced into the House of Commons by N.A.L.G.O. constitution to allow the admission the President of the Board of Trade. The Bill of such staffs to membership. Among the provides for the taking of a Census of Produc­ officers elected for the ensuing year were Mr. C. tion in 1948 and in every subsequent year and Baron (Northmet House), chairman; Mr. C. W. a census of distribution and other services in Dale (Outside Department), secretary; and Mr. any year prescribed by the Board of Trade. L. H. Middleton (Wembley), treasurer. The Board is to present “ as soon as practic­ able ” reports on the censuses with a summary Electrical Wholesalers of statistics obtained, with separate statements From the Electrical Wholesalers’ Federation, relating to Wales and Scotland. A schedule 5, Vicarage Road, Henley-on-Thames, we have to the Bill sets out the matters which may form received a new list of members arranged, as the subject of the census as follows:—The usual, in alphabetical and “ topographical ” nature of the undertaking (including its associa­ order; there are 165 of them, many with tion with other undertakings) and the date of several branches. In an introduction to the its acquisition ; the persons employed or list it is stated that since its creation in 1914 the normally employed (including working pro­ Federation has strictly maintained the principle prietors), the nature of their employment, their that its members must be accredited wholesale remuneration and the hours worked ; the distributors, with suitable premises, equipment output, sales, deliveries and services provided ; and organization, carrying adequate stocks the articles acquired or used, orders, stocks-and (commensurate with the needs of the district) work in progress ; the outgoings and costs and therefore in a position to render a proper (including work given out to contractors, and efficient service to the contracting and depreciation, rent, rates and taxes, other than retailing side of the electrical industry. taxes on profits) and capital expenditure; the receipts of and debts owed to the undertaking; Transport Nationalization the power used or generated ; the fixed capital The four main-line railway companies and assets, the plant, including the acquisition and the Road Haulage Association have issued a disposal of those assets and that plant, and the pamphlet in which they call for a public inquiry premises occupied. before the Government’s plans for the nationaliz­ The Board is given compulsory powers in ation of transport are proceeded with. They the securing of this information and penalties maintain that the British railways have been are provided for non-compliance. managed with skill and economy. It is recog­ nized that co-ordination of transport is essential Northmet N.A.L.G.O. Branch but point out that they have already submitted The first annual general meeting of the a suitable scheme to the Government. Northmet Branch of the National Association of Local Government Officers was held at Employment in September Church House, Southgate, on November 27th, Statistics showing the number of people when approximately 600 members were present. employed in the various branches of the electrical Although the branch was formed as recently as industry in September are published in the March of this year it has now over 1,000 members Ministry of Labour Gazette for November, and is one of the largest branches of N.A.L.G.O. from which we have extracted the figures Over 90 per cent of the clerical and sales staffs shown in the accompanying table. of the Northmet Power Co. and many of the The number of unemployed in the electrical technical staff are members of the branch. industry (Great Britain) at October 14th was as This was the first branch of N.A.L.G.O. formed follows:— Electrical engineering, 2,453 (751

E m p l o y m e n t d u r i n g S e p t e m b e r ( t h o u s a n d s )

Males (14-65) Females (14-60) T o tal B ranch M id- M id- Sept. M id - 1 M id- Sept. M id- M id- Sept., 1939 1945 1946 1939 1945 1946 1939 1945 1946 52-5 Electrical engineering 105-9 106-1 105-6 28-0 i 69-7 133-9 175-8 158-1 Electrical wiring and con­ 2-8 5-5 5-2 41-7 37-5 53-2 tra c tin g 38-9 32-0 48-0 Electrical apparatus, cables, 127-9 79-5 167-7 130-2 195-9 279-9 258-1 etc. .. 116-4 11 2 -2 984 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

females); electrical wiring and contracting, is not required and none is therefore provided, 1,188 (82 females); electric apparatus, cables, though provision is made for tilting the fitting lamps, etc., 3,393 (F,450 females). in any direction. The change-over to fluorescent lighting was carried out by the hospital’s Guaranteed Week resident engineers, Mr. J. Wibberley and Mr. An agreement has been reached between the E. Graham, without interference or break in Iron and Steel Trades Employers’ Association the normal theatre schedule. and six trade unions (including the Electrical Trades Union) for the operation of a guaranteed Welsh Industries Fair week of not less than four days’ full wages. Among the exhibitors at the Welsh Industries Full payment will be made for reasonable Fair, to be held at the Royal Horticultural alternative work if normal work is not available. Hall, Westminster, from January 1st to 7th, are the following:—South Wales Switchgear, Ltd. Lighting an Operating Theatre (h.v. switchgear, transformers, wash-boilers, Probably in no other situation can the cookers, immersion heaters and house-service characteristics of the fluorescent lamp—its panels); Santon, Ltd. (electric water heaters cool burning, its wide distribution of light and and rotary switches); Thorn Electrical its ability to produce high-intensity light Industries, Ltd. (lamps, irons and vacuum without intense shadow—be more fully cleaners); and Fisher & Ludlow, Ltd. (flow-line appreciated than in an operating theatre. A conveyor). new G.E.C. fitting installed in the two operating theatres of Ancoats Hospital, Manchester, is Amsterdam Exhibition 6ft long, 4 ft wide and 10 in. deep. Five We are informed by Mr. S. H. Hartog, 9, “ Osram ” 80-W fluorescent lamps mounted in Radnor Lodge, Sussex Place, W.2, that he is high-efficiency anodized aluminium reflectors arranging an All-British Fair at the Victoria Hotel, Amsterdam. Mr. Hartog says that he is receiving the full support of the Council of Industrial Design, organizers of the “ Britain Can Make It ” Exhibition — a “ photo­ montage ” of which will be exhibited together with some of the articles of interest to Continental buyers. New Rubber Material What is described as a new form of natural rubber latex with a reversed elec­ trical charge, which has been named “ Positex,” is the subject of an explanatory leaflet (No. 1) issued by the British Rubber Development Board. Two grades of this substance, one vulcanized and the other not, are com­ mercially available as the result of research conducted Fluorescent lighting in the operating theatre at Ancoats Hospital, by the Wool Industries M anchester Research Association in col­ laboration with the Rubber produce an intensity of 300-400 lumens per Growers’ Association and the British Rubber sq ft when the fitting is mounted 3 ft above the Producers’ Research Association. operating table. Natural latex, like all living matter, is attacked An emergency lighting system also embodied by bacteria so preservatives must be added consists of four 100-W lamps mounted in (usually ammonia) so causing the emulsified parabolic reflectors fitted with glass diffusing particles to be negatively charged. Conversion screens. This emergency system provides to a positively-charged colloidal state according 175 lumens per sq ft and is connected to an to the process of Dr. C. M. Blow, enables independent power supply. The light distribu­ particles of rubber to be deposited on textile tion is such that the whole length of the table fibres in an alkaline bath under much more is evenly illuminated. Adjustment for height correctly controllable conditions and also December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 985

simplifies drying. Apart trom such production could tell manufacturers how best they could advantages, other effects of “ Positex ” process­ get the information they needed. ing are novel. For example, twisted yarn can The exhibition remains open until December be rendered ‘ softer ” to handle without 19th and is limited to the trade. It will sub­ reducing its tensile strength and wearing proper­ sequently tour a number of areas in the ties afe improved, while “ felts ” can be prepared provinces. Admission is by trade card. from non-felting fibres of cotton and jute without waterproofing them; they retain their Radio Receiver Specifications, 1945-46 air permeability because the rubber is not deposited as a film, but as discrete particles. In the review of this booklet in our last This method of rubberizing does not impart issue we omitted to state the price, which is 9d. elasticity, the treated product not being in any (lOd. including postage). The booklet is way analogous to rubber-covered thread yarns published by the Trader Publishing Co., Ltd., and distributed by Iliffe & Sons, Ltd., Dorset Electrical Production House, Stamford Street, London, S.E.l. The November“ Monthly Digest of Statistics” “ Thermovent” Heaters shows that the monthly production of electric motors in June last was valued at £1,017,000, Because of recent heavy demands and Board against £1,119,000 in May and £1,064,000 in of Trade export obligations, E. K. Cole, Ltd., June last year. In September 483 arc-welding have just announced the temporary closing of sets valued at £64,000 were produced against its home order book for “ Thermovent ” 475 (£91,000) in June, 1945. Resistance welders heaters for the domestic market. numbered 151 (£42,000) against 154 (£38,000) in June, 1945. September production of portable Trade Publications power tools was 7,536 (11,191 in June, 1945). British Thomson-Hoiiston Co., Ltd., Bridle The average monthly production of electric Path, Watford, Herts.—Illustrated folder fires in the second quarter of this year is given (L.804/M) describing fluorescent street lighting as 225,000 (199,900 for the home market), as in Old Bond Street, London, including type of compared with 25,500 (22,700 for the home fitting used, polar diagrams and method of market) in the corresponding period of 1945. suspension. Electric irons were produced at a monthly rate Metway Electrical Industries, Ltd., King of 302,700 (241,700 home), against 40,400 Street, Brighton, 1, Sussex.—Illustrated and (37,900); vacuum cleaners at the rate of 52,203 priced catalogue of steel conduit with fittings (42,900 home), against 6,400 (6,300); and and accessories. kettles at the rate of 48,200 (37,200) against 11,400 (11,100). Diary Report on German Industry Thomas Bolton & Sons, Ltd., have sent us a neat pocket diary, bound in maroon leather. On Monday last Sif Stafford Cripps, President This contains useful data relating to copper of the Board of Trade, opened at the Board of conductors, bronze and cadmium-copper wire Trade, London, the B.I.O.S. Exhibition illustra­ and brass. There are also a number of con­ ting how nearly 3,000 teams consisting of over version tables and other useful information. 10,000 British and American investigators went about preparing reports on Germany’s technical Trade Announcements discoveries. Nearly 1,400 of these reports have been published covering all branches of industry. The Publicity Department of British Insulated There are also some exhibits covering Germany’s Callender’s Cables, Ltd., is now at 72-78, Fleet wartime advances in science, heavy industry, Street, London, E.C.4 (telephone: Central consumer goods and nutrition. 5241; telegraphic address : Bicalbest, London). In opening the display, Sir Stafford said that Heyes & Co., Ltd., state that the address of up to date 1,400 reports on particular subjects, their London office is 21, Fitzroy Square, concerning the whole range of production had W.l (telephone: Euston 6722; telegrams: been published. Apart from 460,000 copies of Heyesco, Phone, London). these reports circulated to institutions of all kinds From January 1st the address of Transmission for reference by their members, another 490,000 Lines & Cables Construction Co., will be copies had been sold to individuals. He em­ Street Head, Newbiggin, near Aysgarth, Yorks. phasized the urgent need for our manufacturers Smart & Brown (Engineers), Ltd., have and producers to make the fullest use of this new removed to Trading Estate, Spennymoor, Co. knowledge, and appealed particularly to the Durham. smaller firms who had not their own research Belling & Co., Ltd., state that they have departments to allow B.I.O.S. to help them to inadvertently applied the name “ Crescent” introduce the latest manufacturing methods and to some of their fires. They now find that this processes. The Information Section of B.I.O.S. is the registered trade mark of Mitchell Electric, was at 37, Bryanston Square, London, but any Ltd., and are taking steps to alter the name of of the Regional Officers of the Board of Trade their fires. 986 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 PARIAAMENTARA MAI* By Our Special Reporter

V AST week in the House of Commons, Sir any special difficulties in South Wales, and Wavell Wakefield asked the Minister of collieries which were experiencing delays should Transport what steps had been taken to provide communicate with his Regional Mining Supplies crews of trains and those controlling train Officers. movements with modern wireless communica­ Supplies by Submarine Cable tion equipment. Mr. Barnes replied that the possibilities of Asked by Mr. Thornton-Kemsley if he was wireless communication had been the subject considering the possibility of importing supplies of experiment by the railways for some months of electricity by submarine cable connecting past. Certain difficulties required to be over­ Norway with the North-East of Scotland; and come and when the necessary equipment what saving of British coal could be achieved became available, the tests would be continued. if none were required for the production of electricity in the United Kingdom, Mr. Shinwell Steel Shortages replied in the negative. Col. Stoddart-Scott asked the Minister of Supply what amount of steel would be pro­ Machinery from Cardiff duced in this country in the first quarter of Mr. G. Thomas asked the President of the 1947, how much would be exported, and how Board of Trade if he would state the value of much would the supply fall short of the needs electrical machinery exported from Cardiff of British industry. during the past six months. Mr. Wilmot said that provided transport and Mr. Marquand said that the value of electrical fuel were available about 2,300,000 tons of machinery exported from Cardiff during the finished steel (the approximate equivalent of six months, May to October, 1946, was £148,000. 3,300,000 ingot tons) should be produced. Load Reductions About 250,000 tons of finished steel might be exported. After allowing for imports, supply Maj. Peter Roberts asked the Minister of would probably fall short of estirrtated demand Fuel and Power if he was aware that the Central by about 500,000 tons. Electricity Board in September, 1946, issued a Mr. Warbey asked the Minister of Supply notification to the public to the effect that an what steps he was taking to stimulate an occasional reduction of the electricity load was increase in the output of sheet steel above the caused by regular loss of about 300,000 kW, present level of 80 per cent of capacity. due to inferior quality fuel delivered to power Mr. Wilmot said that until the proposed new stations feeding the grid; and what action he continuous strip mill came into operation, the was taking to improve the quality of fuel to problem of increasing sheet steel production overcome this difficulty. was primarily one of attracting more labour to Mr. Shinwell said that owing to the great the older handsheet mills which were con­ increase in the consumption of electricity and, centrated during the war. Production from in consequence, in the requirements of coal by the two existing continuous strip mills was electricity undertakings, it was inevitable that already very near its maximum, but efforts were some of the fuel supplied should be of poorer being made to increase it. quality than formerly. Every possible step was being taken to improve the preparation of Colliery Equipment coal but, apart from this, no immediate improve­ On December 4th, Mr. D. J. Williams asked ment in the quality of deliveries to electricity the Minister of Fuel and Power if he was undertakings could be looked for. aware that inability to obtain mechanical and electrical equipment was holding up develop­ Supply of Switches ment in many South Wales collieries; and Mr. G. Thomas asked the Minister of Works what progress was being made in making such if he was aware of the difficulty in obtaining equipment available. 15-A switch plugs, main d.p. switch fuses and Mr. Shinwell said that there was general wood blocks for fixing 5-A switches, in Cardiff; difficulty in obtaining supplies of mechanical and what steps he was taking to increase the and electrical equipment, and arrangements supply. had been made between the Departments Mr. Tomlinson said he was aware of a general concerned with a view to ensuring that colliery shortage of these electrical components through­ requirements received appropriate priority. out the country, and he had taken steps to In respect of many items the position had ensure that the most urgent requirements, improved in recent months, but electric motors both in Cardiff and elsewhere, were met with and iron and steel continued to present diffi­ the least possible delay. The Minister of culties which, of course, were not confined to Supply was doing his utmost to increase the mining industry. He was not aware of production. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 987 RECENT INTRODUCTIONS Notes on New Electrical and Allied Products

Domestic Wash-boilers heaters, instrument cases and tool boxes. The toggle action ensures positive locking and the HTHE range of wash-boilers for household clamping movement is adjustable. The spring laundry purposes listed by A m p l e c , L t d ., Grange Works, Accrington, Lancs, includes action assists, but is not essential to, closure and also keeps the fastener open when disengaged; 7-5 and 10-gallon models, cream or mottled it closes flush, irrespective of the thickness of grey enamelled or galvanized. Three round the panel in which it is inset, and will withstand models have lift-off lids, another is hinged, 250 lb in both tension and shear. It is made by while the rectangular type has a flat table top the F a ir e y A v ia t io n C o ., L t d ., Hayes, Middx., with the rear legs on castors for mobility when and 24, Bruton Street, London, W.l. tilted. Each has a chrome-plated drain tap and three-heat control by two switches, which Enclosed-element Fire are well recessed. The flat heating elements are formed of nickel-chrome ribbon on mica One of the household fires being made by and copper sheathed. One model is of 2-5 kW, C l a y t o n , L e w is & M i l l e r , L t d ., Minerva the others being of 3 kW and higher loadings Road, Southend-on-Sea, Essex, has been named can be arranged at extra cost. Streamlined Convectors Three models of the “ Rowe ” streamlined electric convectors are now available. Model RV1, a lJ-kW unit, is 24£ in. high by 15 in. wide; model RL2 (2-kW) 12£ in. high by 25 in. wide; and model RV2 (3-kW) 24J in. high by 25 in. wide. All types are 8 in. deep and are provided with kick-switches to cut out half the elements. The latter are of the woven mat type, operating at black heat and mounted in banks. A stove enamel cream finish is used for the sheet metal body, the grille and side handles

“ Classic” radiator with elements inside silicon tubes “ Classic ” and differs from the conventional in that the two elements, of 1 kW each, are enclosed in silicon tubes. A switch on the right-hand side controls one element only. The reflector is parabolic, plated and polished. The side brackets are cast aluminium, crinkle enamelled in various colours and a small bakelite carrying handle is fitted at the back. Direct-reading pH Meter 2-kW Rowe convector What is claimed to be the only direct reading pH meter available in this country is announced being chromium-plated. The grille is illum­ by M u i r h e a d & Co., L t d ., Elmers End, inated by a concealed red lamp. The makers, Beckenham, Kent. It indicates the acidity, or R o w e B r o s . & Co., L t d ., Pall Mall, Liverpool, alkalinity, of liquid solutions by measuring the have operated an electrical wholesale depart­ potential difference between appropriate glass ment for about thirty years; the introduction of electrodes immersed in the sample to be tested. these units marks their entry into the electrical The instrument is 12-5 in. high, 13 in. wide, manufacturing field. 11 -5 in. deep and weighs 22-5 lb and is based on a constant-grid-current electrometer circuit (due Fastening Device to R. H. Thorp) utilizing a pentode valve as a The neat “ Fairey ” fastener employed for d.c. amplifier. The grid-potential/anode-current securing aircraft cowling is now being offered graph is linear while the anode current is for such general use as on the doors of domestic directly proportional to the applied e.m.f. for cookers, refrigerators, washing machines, external impedance up to at least 300 megohms 988 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

Thus the pointer of a backed-off meter in the by 5-75 in. wide, with grill-pan runners designed anode circuit will move over the scale in direct for five positions and a drop-type door fitted proportion to negative changes in e.m.f. applied with a ball-catch and chrome-plated handle. to the grid from the electrode system. The A pressed steel splash-plate 10-75 in. high at scale may be checked by a calibrating potential the back is retained by two easily-removable produced within the instrument and itself screws. The loading is 1,750 W, for a.c. only checked with the aid of the indicating meter. as a “ Simmerstat ” energy regulator is fitted as Two scale points can then be adjusted to well as a pilot lamp. The top of the cooker is correspond with the values of two buffer solu­ chrome-plated and the body enamelled in pastel tions, which standardization will be maintained shades. throughout a whole working day. The meter is a.c. mains energized and the Insecticide Disseminator anode voltage is stabilized. It is intrinsically a A device known as the “ Aerovap,” which is millivoltmeter of variable sensitivity and may claimed to abate the nuisance caused by flies, be used in that sense by setting the pointer to gnats and similar household pests, is obtainable indicate 50 mV/pH, which means that 750 mV from S h e p h e r d ’s A e r o s o l s , L t d ., 1, Old will be the maximum readable input. Burlington Street, London, W.l. A small arm bracket is screwed to the wall near a socket Breakfast Cooker outlet, so that the plug can be connected to the The breakfast cooker known as the “ Ireco ” head of the arm, which encloses a thermo­ is made by the I r l a m E n g i n e e r i n g Co. (1942), statically controlled heater and cup containing L t d ., Albion Works, Cadishead, near Man­ an insecticide (DDT Geigy) which is volatilized chester. It is 7-5 in. high, 16 in. Wide and 10 in. into the atmosphere of the room. The loading deep, being constructed of sheet steel with a is less than 60 W and it need only be switched cast iron boiling plate measuring 9 by 6-5 in. and on during the night. Three refill cups are said an aluminium deflector plate underneath. The to be sufficient for four months’ continuous griller compartment is 9 in. deep by 9-37 in. long operation. Forthcomings Events

Monday, December 16th.—C a r d i f f .—I.E.E. E d i n b u r g h .—Heriot-W att College, 6 p.m. Western Centre (Installations Group). Informal I.E.E. Scottish Centre. “ Naval Fire-Control dinner. Radar,” by J. F. Coales, H. C. Calpine and M a n c h e s t e r .—Engineers’ Club, Albert D. S. Watson. Square, 6.45 p.m. I.E.E. North-W estern Electricity Department Showrooms, 127, Students’ Section. “ Motion Study,” by H. George Street, 7.30 p.m. Edinburgh Electrical G. McKenzie. Society. “ Electrical Practice in Shipyards, B i r m i n g h a m .—Grand Hotel. Birmingham with special reference to the Electrical Installa­ Electric Club. “ Lightning and its Effects,” by tion on board the Queen Mary," by T. S. Dr. T. E. Allibone. Wood. Tuesday, December 17th.—L o n d o n .— M a n c h e s t e r .—Engineers’ Club, Albert E.L.M.A. Lighting Service Bureau, 2, Savoy Square, 7.30 p.m. Association of Supervising Hill, W.C.2, 6.15 p.m. Association of Super­ Electrical Engineers (Manchester Branch). vising Electrical Engineers. “ Mercury Arc “ Plastics and Engineering," by C. Wallace. Rectifiers, with particular reference to the Thursday, December I9th.—L o n d o n .— Application of Variable-Speed Control of D.C. Institution of Electrical Engineers, 5.30 p.m. Motors,” by F. T. Cowley. “ The Future of Pulverized-Coal Firing in M a n c h e s t e r .—Engineers’ Club, Albert Great Britain,” by C. H. Sparks. (Joint meeting Square, 6 p.m. I.E.E. North-Western Centre with the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.) (Measurements Group). Informal discussion on Alliance Hall, 2.30 p.m. Diesel Engine “ The Cathode Ray Oscillograph as a Universal Test Instrument,” opened by E. C. Cherry. Users’ Association. Annual general meeting. “ Report on Heavy-Oil Engine Working Costs Wednesday, December 18 th.—L o n d o n .— I.E.E. London Students’ Section, 2.30 p.m. 1944-45.” Visit to the works of J. & E. Hall, Ltd., Friday, December 2 0 t h . — L o n d o n .—Storey’s Dartford. Gate, S. W.l, 5.30 p.m. Institution of Mechani­ E.L.M.A. Lighting Service Bureau, W.C.2, cal Engineers. “ Progress in Turbine Gear 7 p.m. Electrical Power Engineers’ Association Manufacture in Recent Years,” by A . Sykes, (London Local Group). “ The Effect of Weld­ and “ The Measurement of Errors in Gears ing Loads on Distribution Networks,” by A. for Turbine Reduction Drives,” by C. Timms. Haddock. St. Stephen’s Tavern, Bridge Street, West­ Royal Society of Arts, John Adam Street, minster, 6.30 p.m. E.P.E.A. Meter Engineers’ W.C.2, 6.30 p.m. The Engineers’ Guild. Dis­ Group (Southern Division). Discussion on cussion on “ The Education of Engineers,” speeding up testing and repair of electricity opened by Professor <3. L. Fortescue. meters, to be opened by R. Thompstone. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 989 Transformer Oil Characteristics and Acidity Development Tests HE origin of crude By G. V. Harrap, is not compatible with the T mineral petroleum from optical activity of mineral which transformer oils are A.M.I.E.E., M.Am.I.E.E. oils. almost exclusively refined is obscure. The The crude petroleums vary a good deal theory probably most nearly correct is that and those from Pennsylvania are chiefly enunciated by Pontonie, viz., slime produced paraffinoid hydrocarbons and homologous in stagnant waters is the first stage in the substances with certain smaller amounts of formation of mineral oil. This slime is benzol hydrocarbons (cyclic compounds), produced from elementary animal and whereas certain Russian oils are chiefly vegetable life, the remains of which putrefy cyclic compounds such as naphthenes and do not rot, due to the lack of oxygen in (Cn H 2n, cyclo-paraffin, which is derived deep waters. During putrefaction the non­ from cyclopentane) and aromatic hydro­ fatty constituents (albumens and cellulose) carbons of the composition Cn H 2n —6. disappear. A grey, green purulent slime is Crude petroleum is used as a fuel in many then deposited, which is buried under industries, and a great deal is purified or subsequent deposits and forms a polymerous bitumen (bitumen and shale and boghead coal), which decomposes under the influence of pressure and heat to produce petroleum. A further stage in the metamor­ phism results in the oxidation and polymeriz­ ation of petroleum to produce natural asphalts. The above theory may be described as the organic explanation—the inorganic explanation was Fig. I.—Increase in acidity with year* of service for Class “A” originally put forward and Class 44 D ** oils by Mendelejeff. This assumes that metallic carbides (formed by refined. The crude petroleum is placed in a the action of carbon with iron and other retort and the temperature gradually raised. metals) have been decomposed under water At first the lighter substances are volatized at very high pressures and temperatures, and condensed in suitable receivers. The resulting in the production of hydrocarbons. receivers are changed when the specific A subsequent rearrangement in the molecules gravity of the distillate has attained a certain of these hydrocarbons has been shown by value or when the temperature of the retort various experimenters to be capable of has risen sufficiently high. The chief func­ producing hydrocarbons homologous to tions are given in the accompanying table. those found in petroleum. But this theory The residue in the retort is transferred to

Approximate Uses F raction Chief Contents Boiling Point Deg. C.

C ym ogene C 4 A b o u t 0 Artificial cold P higolene C 4 Hu to Cg Hu 16 Local anæsthetic by freezing Petroleum ether Ci Hu to C) Hu 50-60 Solvent fuel Gasoline-petrol C j H 14 to C 7 H u 70-90 D itto Ligroin (naphtha) CT Hu to C, H„ 90-120 D itto Benzine (not benzene) benzoline C j H 14 to C j Hjo 110-140 Ditto (substitute paint) Kerosene - photogene paraffin Fuel and illumination oil C j Hjjo to C j i H jj 150-300 99 0 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 another still and further heated to a high For this reason, this class of oil has been temperature. It furnishes lubricating oils, used to replace Class “ A ” oil which has vaseline (C19 H 40 to C21 H 44) and paraffin developed high acidity, and its behaviour in (C21 H 14 to C32 H66), melting between 45 and transformers after refilling is shown in Fig. 2. 76 deg C, used for candles and insulating oil. The author has com­ piled some test results that indicate the pro­ gressive development of acidity. Fig. 1 shows acidity in milli­ grammes of KOH per 100 grammes of oil plotted against length of service. No data are available upon the operating conditions for these transformers, but the oil did not operate at high temper­ atures, a representative value being 60 deg C. A curve for the average increase in acidity for Fig. 2.—Relationship of acidity and tim e for transformers which, after having Class “ B ” oil has developed acidity with Class 14A” oil, have been refilled with Class " B M oil. (The broken lines are for transformers without breathers and the full been drawn and should lines for transformers with breathers fitted after refilling.) be interpreted in the light of the above comments, but would When a transformer oil developed high appear to be valid for old-type oil in trans­ acidity, the core and windings were formers working under moderate loads and thoroughly washed with new clean Class temperatures. “ B ” oil. This was applied under pressure The values for Class “ A ” oil are not and the whole core, frame and coils were quite so representative, since they relate washed and brushed and all oil ducts cleaned mostly to transformers in which acidity was as well as possible. The tank, including all suspected. The curve of average increase in tubes, was thoroughly brushed and washed acidity for this class of oil, therefore, relates down and then refilled with Class “ B ” oil. only to oils that have started to develop a When the transformer was again put into considerable amount of acidity. These service, oil tests were taken at approximately transformers were of modern construction, six-month intervals. It was found that supplied since 1930, and were of weather­ even with the thorough cleaning described proof type with close-fitting lids and no above, and the use of the slower acid- breathers; all cable entries had wiped developing oil, i.e., Class “ B,” when once a glands with lead-covered cable. Their size transformer has developed acidity, the new varied from 50 to 500 kVA, and the oil was oil quickly reaches high values, and it would all supplied by one maker. appear from Fig. 2 that, after about three The transformers filled with Class “ B ” years, the process of cleaning, etc., must be oil, purchased between 1930 and 1940, were repeated. It is of particular interest that of the same type, but those with 20 to 35 for all the transformers concerned, the rate years’ service had wooden bushes for the of production of acidity is approximately cable entry. All transformers were installed the same, and would appear to be at the rate in a building with three brick walls and a of about 0'4 m S of KOH per gramme of pair of mesh doors on the fourth side. It is oil per annum, although towards the end of noteworthy that high acidity has been rarely the three years the increase is more rapid. found in Class “ B ” oils and, in the three or In an effort to determine whether dielectric four cases discovered, such high acidity only strength of the oil suffered any deterioration developed after about 33 years’ service. with increase of acidity, tests were taken on December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 991 certain samples. The results obtained show The value of “ breathing ” is shown in the that there is no relationship between the results obtained when transformers that two values, dielectric strength being developed acidity with a grade “ A ” oil and influenced more by moisture content and were refilled with grade “ B ” had breathers sludge than by acid. attached before being put into service again. Production Engineering' Research New Association’s Plans M^ARLY in 1945 the Institution of Production above this figure the D.S.I.R. would give Engineers, the Machine Tool Trades pound for pound up to a maximum D.S.I.R. Association, the Gauge and Tool Makers’ contribution of £35,000 a year. Association and the National Federation of Observing that the ultimate aim was not Engineers’ Tool Manufacturers set up a Com­ research results themselves but the practical mittee to consider the establishment of a application of those results to industry, Dr. research association. As an outcome of this Galloway said that the main tasks of PERA Committee’s work the Production Engineering were to identify the real problems of production Research Association of Great Britain (PERA) engineering, find their solution, and weave the was incorporated on June 13th this year, and improved methods into the fabric of production in July took over the staff, equipment and other practice. As the volume of their results grew assets of the Research Department (formed in they would present available data in a form January, 1939) of the Institution of Production which could easily be used; in reports, books, Engineers. On December 3rd a reception was instruction manuals ; through lectures, held at the Savoy Hotel, London, at which the demonstrations, and sometimes by special objects of the Association were explained and courses of instruction, so as to ensure that some particulars were given of its plans for these results reached the men who had to use future activities. them in a form which they could understand Mr. F. W. Halliwell, chairman of the Council, and apply. These means of disseminating in introducing Mr. John Wilmot, Minister of information would be augmented by the Supply, stated that Lord Riverdale, chairman continuous liaison between PERA and its of the Advisory Council of the Department of individual members through frequent visits Scientific and Industrial Research, had accepted from mobile investigators on the field research the presidency of the Association. Mr. Wilmot staff. The success of the Association demanded said that the Association was sponsored by that the application of research results in the D.S.I.R. and was intended to improve industry should not only be full and effective— industrial efficiency. It was a combination of it must be prompt. The time lag between those who made machine tools and those who research and the application of results must be used them, and was a project for improving the reduced to the minimum in order that British high standard of precision engineering. production engineering might derive maximum Sir William A. Stanier, past president of benefits from the research carried out and in the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, said order that the nation as a whole might derive that much good work had been done by greater true wealth from our available resources individual firms, but there were so many of labour and raw materials. problems to be solved and so much exploratory work to be done that no one firm could under­ take such a task. The establishment of the I.E.E. Centre Activities Association did not mean that manufacturers HE Western Centre of the Institution of were exempt from the need to press on with T Electrical Engineers has decided to revive their own individual research and develop­ the pre-war summer meeting and accommoda­ ment; the two sets of research should be tion has been booked at the Carlyon Bay complementary. Hotel, St. Austell, Cornwall, for the week-end Mr. M. H. Taylor, a member of the Council, June 6th-9th, 1947. The inclusive hotel charge after tracing the events which led to the forma­ is not expected to exceed £5 per head. Members tion of the Association, said that it had acquired wishing to attend should notify Mr. L. Burdes, Staveley Lodge, Melton Mowbray, which was hon. secretary of the Western Centre, Institution being converted into administrative head­ of Electrical Engineers, Dorset House, Clifton, quarters. while outbuildings were being con­ Bristol, 8, not later than January 31st, 1947. verted into workshops of 10,000 sq ft. There The Council of the Institution of Electrical was at present a staff of thirty assistants, under Engineers has authorized the enlargement of the director, Dr. D. F. Galloway, and it the area of the Dundee Sub-Centre to include was the immediate aim to increase this staff to the counties of Aberdeen and Kincardine. The fifty. Provided the industry could raise £15,000, name of the Sub-Centre has been changed to the D.S.I.R. would provide another £15,000 and “ North-East Scotland Sub-Centre.” 992 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 M W BOOKS Results of Rubber Research. A.C. Manual for Students.

Rubber in Engineering. Services Rubber In­ the cathode-ray tube and electron microscope. vestigations Panel. Pp. 268 and xviii; Some details require tightening up : in Fig. 16, figs. 87. Stationery Office, Kingsway, it would be better to label the three-phase London W.C.2. Price 10s. voltage waves “ AB, BC, CA ” ; in the caption The original edition of this publication, to Fig. 20, neither “ ring ” nor “ mesh ” should which was produced about fifteen months ago be given as alternatives for “ delta ” ; on page for circulation among Service Departments, 31, the “ Clark or Weston cell” appear to be rubber manufacturers and large users, has now given as legal alternatives, but the Clark cell is been exhausted. obsolete; in Fig. 26D, the wattmeter indicates In order to meet a continuing demand, it has the total three-phase power, and this is not now been reissued very slightly revised and made clear in the text; Fig. 28(b) does not give with an extended bibliography for sale to the the usual arrangement of shell-type transformer, general (mainly engineering) public, at a price but the “ Berry ” type, the conventional shell that is small in relation to the information construction does not provide better cooling contained and lucidly presented. Much of the than the core type, and thus the text below this research on which its contents are based has figure is misleading; Figs. 47 to 49 would be been carried out by the Dye-stuffs Division of improved by putting arrowheads above the Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd. The scope current transformer windings indicating direc­ of the work covers underlying principles rather tions of induced voltage; in Fig. 51, the current than workshop applications. Its direct electrical values do not refer to fault conditions but to bearing is not immediately obvious, as the only full-load conditions; in the text referring to item classified in the index as relating to this Fig. 57 the words “ phase splitting arrangement ” subject is “ electrical conductivity,” but in view should be replaced by “ condenser for power of the importance of rubber as an insulant, factor improvement; ” there is a dangerous many other parts of the book are likely to statement at the bottom of page 121—when a interest readers. Each of the book’s sixteen series circuit is in resonance, it does not alto­ chapters starts with a clear summary and con­ gether “ behave as if it contained only a pure cludes with a list of the sources of references resistance.”—H. P. Y. made in the text.—C.O.B. Elementary Vectors for Electrical Engineers. By Questions and Answers on Alternating Current G. W. Stubbings, B.Sc. (Lond.), F.Inst.P., Work. By E. Molloy. Pp. 144; figs. A.M .I.E.E. Pp. 110; figs. 73. Sir Isaac George Newnes, Ltd., Tower House, Pitman & Sons Ltd., Parker House, Kings­ Southampton Street, London, W.C.2. way, W .C.2. Price 6s. 6d. Price 5s. This is the second edition of a book which This little book is a member of the “ Q & A ” was recommended in the Electrical Review of manuals and the reviewer regrets to state that May 24th, 1940, as likely to be useful to those while the questions are asked they are in many with a rudimentary knowledge of geometry who cases not answered—and cannot be answered desired a simple exposition of its subject. The w'ithin the space allocation—in a manner satis­ opportunity has been taken in this re-issue to factory to the reader. Indeed, the text is so amplify the text with a view to classifying a few abbreviated that in some parts it is reduced explanations and to extend the final chapter on almost to vanishing point with the result that hyperbolic functions.—C.O.B. the associated diagrams are rendered nugatory. The work is divided into eleven sections Books Received covering simple a.c. theory, power generation The Principles of Technical Electricity. By and measurements, transformers, rectifiers and M. Nelkon. Pp. 240; figs. and index. convertors, protective devices, lighting, motors, Blackie & Son, Ltd., 66, Chandos Place, welding, a.c. heating, electronics and a.c. circuit London, W .C.2. Price 17s. 6d. calculations, and it is thus abundantly evident that the author has been seriously embarrassed Engineering Radiography. “ Mechanical World” by lack of space. He might have produced a M onographs. Pp. 57; figs. 37; illus. far more useful work if he had kept a better Emm ott & Co., Ltd., 31, King Street, sense of proportion. For example, it is ques­ Manchester. Price 2s. 6d. tionable whether a book which opens with Alternating Current Practice. By C. H. Claude (very) “ Simple A.C. Theory ” should even Cooke. Pp. 232; figs. 92; index. Crosby attempt to give information concerning the Lockwood & Son, Ltd., 20, Tudor Street, construction and operation of such apparatus London, E.C.4. Price 15s. as tap-changing transformers, moving-coil and An Introduction to Electronics. By Ralph G. induction regulators, Schrage motors, mercury- Hudson. Pp. 97; figs. 72; illus.; index. arc rectifiers, the cyclotron and betatron and The MacMillan Co., New York. Price 15s. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v i e w 993 ELECTRICITY SUPPLY Distribution Development Plans. Objection to Bankside Scheme.

Accrington.—H i g h e r C h a r g e s A p p r o v e d .— Fort William.—T r a n s f e r o f U n d e r t a k i n g The Town Council on December 3rd approved D is c u s s e d .—After a private meeting of members a recommendation to increase the electricity of the Town Council and the North of Scotland charges. Opposing the increase, Councillor Electricity Board, Mr. A. E. McColl, deputy Tetlow said that before the war the electricity chairman of the Board, stated that the main undertaking made £100,000 profit in five years. purpose was to explore the question of the After six years of prosperity it had lost transfer of the undertaking to the Board. £3,000. A reduction in discount from 10 to Great Yarmouth.—D istribution S c h e m e s .— 5 per cent would save £7,000, and they could postpone any advance until the end of the year. The Electricity Department has received the Electricity Commissioners’ consent to under­ An increase of 33J per cent would be a blow to take the following works to the amounts those anxious to use electrical appliances in their homes. stated and to raise loans for expenditure which is not covered by capital contributions:— A p p o i n t m e n t o f C o n s u l t i n g E n g i n e e r s .— New supplies to Lound Waterworks, farms, The Town Council is to appoint Kennedy & Don­ smallholdings, etc., in part of the rural area, kin (London) as engineering consultants in the with reinforcement of h.v. and l.v. supplies in design, construction and commissioning of the the village of Blundeston (£21,583); augmented new £5,000,000 power station at Huncoat. substation supplies to meet special develop­ This is an alternative to a proposal to adopt a ment at two factories and to an industrial scheme prepared by the borough electrical area (£10,470); reorganization of 6-6-kV engineer (Mr. A. Goward) under which he distribution system, mainly replacement of would have undertaken sole responsibility at existing h.v. switchgear and reinforcement of a cost of £103,292, plus allowances to various l.v. mains in the town area at specified points, officials and staff. The borough electrical including the establishment of three new sub­ engineer, to whom terms of remuneration were stations (£36,000); relief of overloaded h.v. suggested, expressed inability to accept them. overhead lines and establishment of new sub­ Acton.—C o o l i n g T o w e r s .—The Corporation stations and switching centres in connection Health Committee reports that, arising out of with new housing schemes in town and rural representations, the London Power Co., has area (£18,452); unspecified mains and services arranged to replace the wooden cooling towers for twelve months (£15,000); and unspecified at the Acton Lane generating station by concrete substation equipment for twelve months structures and to install ducting to conduct the (£15,000). The total estimated expenditure is emissions from the boilers to the gas washing £116,505. tower. Huddersfield.—R eclassification o f S t a t i o n . —As from January 1st, 1947, the classification Barrow-in-Furness.—R u r a l D e v e l o p m e n t .— The Corporation Electricity Committee has of the St. Andrews Road generating station approved an estimate of £11,900 for develop­ will be changed from Class G to Class H for ments in the rural area. the purpose of the N.J.B. Agreement, the capacity having been increased to 60,000 kW. Bedford.—S u p p l y t o V i l l a g e s .—The Rural The Central Electricity Board has sent a letter District Council has decided to make represen­ of congratulation to the borough electrical tations to the Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and engineer (Mr. F. A. Ellis) on the completion Huntingdonshire Electricity Co., for the pro­ of the £500,000 extension at the power station. vision of electricity to the villages of North The letter states that it is the first of the 1946 Bedfordshire which are still without a supply. programme to be brought into service in the Bolton.—S h o w r o o m s .—The Electricity Com­ Mid-East England Area. mittee has appointed a sub-committee to Liverpool.—D e v e l o p m e n t P r o j e c t s .—Exten- consider the provision of showrooms for the tions and new works are to be carried out as Department. follows :—Six additional 33-kV transmission Burnley.—P r o p o s e d N e w P o w e r S t a t i o n .— cables from Clarence Dock to new substations, The suitability of a site near Barden Lane, £795,790; substation, Wellington Building, Burnley, for the erection of a new generating The Strand, £3,516; substation at Litherland, station is to be investigated by the chairman of £8,789; dust removing plant, Clarence Dock the Corporation Electricity Committee, the power station, £1,767; supply to Huyton Hey, town clerk and borough electrical engineer. £4,976; supply to Patent Knitting Co., Knowsley, £5,630; and three substations, Coventry.—P r i m a r y S u b s t a t i o n .—Applica­ tion is being made by the Electricity Com­ Gateacre, £3,279. mittee for sanction to borrow £123,796 for the London.—O b j e c t i o n t o B a n k s i d e S t a t io n erection of a primary substation in the Whitley E x t e n s i o n . — The Southwark Works Com­ area. mittee expresses objection to the proposal of 994 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 the City of London Electric Lighting Co., Ltd., Rotherham.—P o w e r S t a t i o n E x t e n s i o n s .— to extend the Bankside power station, on the Application is being made for sanction to ground that it will jeopardize the scheme for borrow £1,100,000 for extensions to the the redevelopment of the south bank of the power station, to be completed in 1950. Thames. S u p p l y t o E s t a t e s .—The Electricity Luton.—A b o l i t i o n o p M e t e r R e n t s a n d Committee is to provide a supply to the Thorpe S u r c h a r g e s .—Consumers in the Corporation’s and Piccadilly housing estates at a cost of area will benefit by £14,000 a year as a result of £6,260. a decision to discontinue meter rents on standard Scotland.—L o c h A f f r i c S c h e m e .—The charges and abolish the surcharges to Dunstable, only objection lodged against the North of Leighton Buzzard and Linslade consumers. Scotland Hydro-Electric Board’s constructional Manchester.— H o s p i t a l I mprovements .—The scheme in the Loch Affric-Fasnakyle-Mullar- Health Committee is to renew the electrical doch district has been withdrawn and the installation at Baguley Sanatorium at a cost of Secretary of State has not found it necessary £1,000; change over the supply at Booth Hall to hold an inquiry. His Order confirming the Hospital (£3,000) ; lay a new main cable scheme, together with details of the Hydro- (£3,000); provide a new lift and reconstruct Electric Board’s plans, has been laid before existing lifts at Crumpsall Hospital (£4,500); Parliament. improve electric lighting at Limbert Nurses’ Southwark.—E l e c t r i c i t y f o r F l a t s .— Home (£1,050); renew wiring at Langho At a cost of £5,100 the Electricity Committee Colony (£1,100) and provide a bed lift (£1,650) is to provide a supply to flats in the King and extend cable (£825) at Monsall Hospital. Street and Rockingham Street areas. Mansfield.—I nstallation E x t e n s i o n s .— A Stockton-on-Tees.—M e m b e r s h i p o f D.J.B.— number of tenants of prefabricated bungalows After a full discussion, the Town Council has have extended their electrical installations to decided to rejoin the District Joint Board. give a light in the outside coal house. The A d d i t i o n a l S t a f f .— In view of important Housing Committee has decided to inform developments in the electricity undertaking, the them that such extensions can only be sanctioned general manager and engineer (Mr. N. Hunter) if carried out by a competent ¿lectrician, and has reported to the Electricity Committee that it that extensions not so carried out must be dis­ will be essential to increase the technical and connected unless certified by the borough administrative staff, and a sub-committee is to electrical engineer as in order. make recommendations. —A n o t h e r “ C h r i s t m a s B o x .” Mountain Ash. R i n g M a i n E x t e n s i o n .—It being now —For the fourteenth successive year consumers necessary to commence the proposed 11-kV ring are to receive a “ Christmas box ” in the form main extension at Oxbridge at an estimated of special reduced tariffs in respect of the cost of £4,846, apphcation is to be made to the December quarter. This year, as in 1945, the light­ Electricity Commissioners for the necessary ing rate for the quarter will be £d. per kWh up sanction. to 100 kWh, with additional consumption at Id. I n d u s t r i a l E s t a t e .—Contracts in connection per kWh, no meter rents to be charged. Under with the Dog Hill Farm industrial site have the two-part tariff the running charge will be been placed with A. Reyrolle & Co., Ltd., reduced to Jd. The prices in each case are net, W. Lucy & Co., Ltd., C. A. Parsons & Co., Ltd., for prompt payment. Recommending these and Edison Swan Cables, Ltd. concessions at the last Council meeting, Councillor S. Blake (chairman of the Municipal Wallasey.—J u b i l e e C e l e b r a t i o n .—The Elec­ Undertakings’ Committee) paid a tribute to the tricity Committee is arranging for the celebration electrical engineer and manager (Mr. E. W. of the borough’s electricity jubilee on January Jones). 29th. A brochure giving an account of the history and development of the electricity Peterborough. — E x t e n s i o n s . — Additional distribution main switchgear is to be installed undertaking is being prepared. at a cost of £19,820. High-voltage cable net­ York.— D i s t r i c t H e a t i n g .—The Housing works in the northern and southern parts of the Committee has arranged for the electrical city and the low-voltage network in the north engineer to investigate the question of district of the city are to be reinforced at an estimated heating. cost of £39,579. Yorkshire.—R e d u c e d P o w e r C h a r g e s .— j Poplar. — N e w P o w e r S t a t i o n . — The Following the lead of the Yorkshire Electric Electricity Committee is to invite specialist Power Co., the Electrical Distribution of York­ firms to quote for civil engineering, con­ shire, Ltd., and the North Lincolnshire and structional steelwork, coal-handling plant, jetty Howdenshire Electricity Co. have decided to cranes and turbine-room travelling cranes for reduce the charges for electricity supplied under the new power station at Brunswick Wharf. agreements including a coal clause. Nearly The Electricity Commissioners have stipulated 300 industrial concerns, mostly in South that the station shall be designed so as to Yorkshire and N orth Lincolnshire, will benefit. permit the installation of plant for the prevention Details of the new scale of charges will be of the discharge of sulphur and its compounds. issued shortly. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 9 9 5

Mtioi It 1», Electric Vehicle Production Bits Modern Methods at a New 4 COS Leicester Factory I«,.' Hoi FTER having made shift in a number istmcj Al of separate small premises since their ijtt-Hi factory in Hastings Road, Leicester, was n a| bombed, Cleco Electric Industries, Ltd., have il Decs just moved into a completely new factory lfiroiEj in Foundry Square. With production again Hi I all under one roof the company hopes to laid be able to step up output considerably and, although scarcely settled in properly yet, is Fui already turning out weekly about three Coj2 n id electric vehicles, as well as a considerable quantity of chargers, welding equipments, etc. One side of the oi DJi factory is devoted to Co® the preparation of the Stages in production at tail the new Cleco electric i iqc various metal com­ vehicle factory ¡nib ponents of the vehicles .lh —guillotining the sheet car chassis is now a mm aluminium for the standard feature of body panels; cutting, the electric van chassis. mat grinding and drilling As a result of wartime chassis members, etc. experience a modern h i ¿1111: and jigging the various technique in body a ee components. Welding construction has been made of the body frames, adopted for minimum li E8 the installation of the weight coupled with motor and control gear maximum strength and IBS and the addition of durability — stressed ill SSI the body panels occu­ aluminium panels on i Co, i pies the other side of metal framework. A iCt,i the works, the centre portion being left for neat arrangement for holding the spare wheel finishing-off processes. in a compartment at the rear gives ready .-H*: Several modifications in design are incor­ access without unscrewing. Almost every lecetds porated in the post-war models with the part is interchangeable and can be replaced on fe object of improving both operational per­ from stock. Retractable batteries on roller «¡if formance and servicing. For reversing, bearings are standard. A charger specially t da instead of a switch on the dashboard there is designed for the vehicle is made in the same a lever at the side of the driver, close to the factory. li k contactor gear. By fixing the ampere-hour It i t meter at the back of the seat, the wiring has New E.A.YV. Branch 0 of is been greatly simplified. For first speed N November 28th the Bangor Branch of the the pedal control puts in the motor with O Electrical Association for Women was Cite full resistance. Further depression gives formed (it had previously been a unit of North lire B the second speed by operating one mercury Wales Coast Branch). Councillor Mrs. on off1 Chamberlayne, a member of the Electricity ¡life- switch, two further mercury switches giving full speed. The interlocking of the brake Committee, is chairman and the hon. secretary didi is Mrs. Skeats. Those present at the meeting, plieds with the toe pedal ensures that full power over which the Mayor of Bangor presided, i, >’i cannot be applied with the foot brake on. included the borough electrical engineer and his it ii This feature facilitates starting uphill. wife (Mr. and Mrs. F. O. Harber) and members a if The use of a very short propeller shaft as of the E.A.W. North Wales and North Wales is ti incorporated in the Cleco pre-war private Coast Branches. 996 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 Heatíng-Elemeot Shortage Difficulties Which Confront the Manufacturers

> MONG the many scarce materials and non-guarantee of regular delivery either because components urgently required by electrical of lack of shipping or labour troubles, and the apparatus manufacturers, heating elements are threat to a stable financial position from un­ still extremely difficult to obtain. Some of the balanced home material supplies due to irregular reasons for this have been given to us by Mr. delivery combined with E.P.T. demands, A. Behm, managing director of Wireohms, Ltd., resulted in the decision not to purchase. In Nottingham, which specializes in the production the light of subsequent events, i.e., American of these components. Peace found the company labour troubles and rising prices, the decision with all key operatives and the greater propor­ was most certainly a correct one. tion of its 1939 employees, together with adminis­ trative officers, still in the Services. There was Mica Supplies no available labour locally, but within a radius About this period came the de-control of mica of forty miles a town had been found with a and with it the release of Indian merchants from supply of “ green ” labour provided a works American and British contracts, and an arrange­ could be sited there. This meant acceptance ment between Great Britain and India with of decentralization and its attendant problems. regard to the disposal of the accumulated mica In October, 1945, it was obvious that such stocks. Since then there have been restricted materials as nickel-chrome wire and ribbon, supplies and continuously rising prices. The mica, and refractories were very scarce and instability of this market and the conflicting that the freedom with which licences had been interests operating in it will cause difficulty for granted for the manufacture of household some time to come. electrical equipment had resulted in a larger With regard to refractories it was found that number of firms seeking to share what little there were sources of supply outside the refrac­ there was. The main trouble, however, was tory industry, plentiful but high in price. In that in the case of the nickel-chrome wire and some cases the product was readily identifiable; ribbon the industry was overloaded and suffering no satisfactory explanation could be found, from a lack of all classes of labour and was still but it was quite obvious that no matter how being drained of useful personnel for the innocent the manufacturers may have been Services without suitable substitution. their products were being diverted from long- Refractory Position established customers. The company has not purchased a single item from such a source nor The refractory industry was in an even more will it. It was decided that any orders requiring parlous state—it still is—in that the source of a refractory should be accepted only if customers its labour supply had been drawn upon for could supply that item. And they did 1—in quan­ essential war work, and workpeople showed tities and variety which on investigation dis­ no inclination to return to conditions which closed that manufacturers hitherto not engaged compared unfavourably with those they enjoyed on these lines had now turned their attention to during the war. Mica, the main source of which what, judged by the prices, must be a very is India, was controlled and requirements for profitable side-line. certain grades and qualities could not be met. Despite all these difficulties, coupled with the Committed to a progressive and expansionist necessity to train a new labour force, the com­ policy the firm now had to keep a balance in pany now employs 300, compared with ninety labour and material with the latter as the con­ before the war. trolling factor. The problem of how to improve material supply was one for the Board of Trade to solve. Experience has taught the company Standard Dry Batteries that to obtain action on the part of Departments r B^HE minimum rating on continuous discharge within Ministries the “ prod ” must come from of primary cells of the type depolarized above, and this was done by raising a question mainly by the free access of air has been pre­ in the House and at the same time circularizing scribed in B.S.1335 : 1946. The specification every Government Department that would be describes the method of test on which the stimulated into action, with a comprehensive rating is based and also a system of nomenclature and detailed report in support of the company’s which enables the type and size of cell to be statement and claims. This action had the expressed by a sequence of two or three letters required effect though not the required results ! and a number. Details are included of the The company did obtain permission to import quality of materials to be used as well as the from America its requirements of wire and dimensions of electrodes, containers, connecting ribbon, but the high initial cost, plus import wires and terminals. The specification is duty, the conditions in the matter of currency obtainable for 2s. from the British Standards imposed by the American manufacturer, the Institution, 28, Victoria Street, London, S.W.l. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 997 FINANCIAL SECTION Company News. Stock Exchange Activities. Reports and Dividends ning an extension of manufacture in India, and in New Zealand the new factory is nearing Crompton Parkinson, Ltd.—We have now completion, production plant and equipment are received a copy of the company’s report and being installed and production for the training accounts, to which we briefly referred in our of operatives has commenced. In addition the last issue. The trading profit for the year company is partner with other British manu­ ended September 30th last, including dividends facturers in similar enterprises in Australia, on investments, etc., was £468,328, as compared Canada, New Zealand, South Africa and India. with £462,533 for the preceding year. From The past year has seen an expansion of both the this is deducted depreciation, £25,000, and size and scope of these operations. directors’ fees, £2,965, leaving a net profit of £440,363 (against £434,283), which with £690,039 The Lightfoot Refrigeration Co., Ltd., has brought in makes £1,130,402 available. The declared an interim ordinary dividend of 3 per final dividend on the ordinary and “ A ” cent (no interim payment was made last year). ordinary stock is per cent actual, making 15 It is stated that output during the last four per cent for the year, and in addition a special months of the year will be substantially reduced cash bonus of ~t\ per cent is paid on the ordinary as a result of the destruction of materials by fire and “ A ” ordinary, making a total distribution in the factory at Wembley in September. of 22i per cent. The dividend and bonus are African Cables, Ltd.—In connection with the same as for the previous year. The balance plans for extending and modernizing the carried forward is £797,902. company’s factory, resolutions were passed In his statement which has been circulated at the annual meeting held recently in Johannes­ with the report and accounts, Mr. A. Parkinson burg authorizing an increase of capital from (chairman and joint managing director), refers £260,000 to £390,000 and the capitalization of with regret to the death of his brother, Mr. £130,000 of the reserves by the issue of bonus Frank Parkinson, who was chairman and joint shares to shareholders. managing director of the company, and to the Aeronautical and General Instruments, Ltd.— changes which have been made in the board of At the annual meeting a resolution was passed directors. authorizing an increase in the capital of the Reviewing the company’s activities during the company to £400,000 by the creation of 150,000 year under review, Mr. Parkinson says that shares of £1 and 400,000 shares of 5s. The the reconversion of the factories from war to chairman (Mr. W. McClelland) said that it was peace is almost complete, but they are still their desire to turn to commercial account the engaged in replacing equipment which has extensive experimental and design work which become obsolete and in expanding the produc­ had been undertaken. tion capacity to meet an increasing demand for their products. The company has sold the Turner & Newall, Ltd., are maintaining the lease of the Gaiety Theatre, which was pur­ dividend on the ordinary stock at 12-J- per cent chased in 1939 with the object of securing by a final payment of 8£ per cent. A preliminary permanent premises in London by the erection statement for the year to September 30th gives of a modern commercial building, and has taken the net profit of the parent company as £715,420 other steps to secure London accommodation. (£629,462). Mr. Parkinson refers to the partnership entered Electrical Components, Ltd., which paid no into with the Austin Motor Co., Ltd., for the dividend for 1945-46, has announced an interim development of the electric vehicle and electric dividend of 7 \ per cent on account of the year industrial truck side of its business. ending June 30th, 1947. Since the termination of hostilities in Europe The General Cable Manufacturing Co., Ltd., is and the Far East, the company has been actively engaged in the re-establishment of old contacts paying a final dividend of 17 per cent (against 9 per cent), making a total distribution for the and the opening up of new avenues of trade in overseas markets. These activities have been year of 25 per cent (against 15 per cent). seriously hindered by their inability to supply The Metropolitan Electric Cable & Construction their products to meet more than a fraction of Co., Ltd., is again paying an interim dividend the combined home and overseas demand. of 5 per cent. Their factories overseas are meeting with the The Victoria Falls & Transvaal Power Co., same problems as assail the company in Ltd., has declared an interim dividend of 4£ per England. In Australia they have embarked on cent (against 4 per cent). the reorganization and extension of their manufacturing facilities and have secured a The Lisbon Electric Tramways, Ltd., is main­ substantial financial interest in Noyes Bros. taining its interim dividend at 2 i per cent, tax (Sydney), Ltd. The company is actively plan­ free. 998 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

Joseph Lucas, Ltd., report a profit of £312,727 special character, etc. Subscribers: J. D. for the past year (against £319,270 for 1944-45). Brown, 124, Chancery Lane, W.C.2, and R. H. The ordinary dividend is maintained at 15 Herbert, Greenacre, Hill Road, Theydon Bois. per cent. Secretary: R. H. Herbert. Lewis Berger & Sons, Ltd., out of a net profit Sandford,Daley & Co.,Ltd.—Registered Novem­ of £296,856 (against £202,146) are paying a ber 19th. Capital, £1,000. Manufacturers and final ordinary dividend of 18 per cent, making repairers of, and dealers in, dynamos, motors, 26 per cent (against 19 per cent) for the year. armatures, magnetos, etc. First directors: B. J. Daley, R. G. Sandford and H. D. Daley. Regd. New Companies offices: 50, St. Aubyn Street, Devonport, Electrical Accessories (Lancaster), Ltd.— Plymouth. Registered November 19th. Capital, £4,000. To acquire the business of a wholesale dealer in Increases of Capital electrical and motor accessories carried on by “ Solus ” Electrical Co., Ltd.—Increased by John Bury at King’s Arms Yard, King Street, £57,000 beyond the registered capital of £25,000. Lancaster, as “ Electrical Accessories.” Per­ (5,680 of the new ordinary shares are created manent directors: J. Bury and E. L. Keates. for the purpose of acquiring shares in Schall & Regd. office: King’s Arms Yard, King Street, Sons, Ltd.) Lancaster. Wayne Kerr Laboratories, Ltd.—Increased by S. Hancock, Ltd.—Registered November 16th. £5,050, in 5,000 preferred ordinary shares of Capital, £3,000. Electrical engineers, electrical £1 and 1,000 deferred ordinary shares of Is, installation contractors and electrical plant beyond the registered capital of £10,100. maintenance engineers, etc. Directors: L. H. Broadcast Relay Service, Ltd.—Increased by Mackemess and C. N. Fallas. Regd. office: £700,000 beyond the registered capital of Brownsfield Mill, Great Ancoats Street, Man­ £1,200,000. chester. Yorkshire Electric Transformer Co., Ltd.— Newton Electric (Birmingham), Ltd.— Regis­ Increased by £25,000 beyond the registered tered November 20th. Capital, £1,000. Elec­ capital of £15,000. trical engineers and general electrical installation C.J.R. Electrical & Electronic Development, contractors, lighting specialists, etc. Directors: Ltd.—Increased by £2,000 beyond the registered F. Graham and J. B. Newton. Regd. office: capital of £500. 99a, Eachelhurst Road, Erdington, Birmingham. Franklin Electric Co., Ltd.—Increased by Eric Staines (Electricals), Ltd.— Registered £14,500 beyond the registered capital of £500. November 20th. Capital, £500. Electricians, electrical, radio and television engineers, etc. Q Vehicle Co., Ltd.—Increased by £59,900 E. W. Staines is the first director. Secretary: beyond the registered capital of £100. B. J. Andrews. Regd. office: Ingleside, Lympne, London Signs & illuminations, Ltd.—Increased Hythe, Kent. by £9,900 beyond the registered capital of £100. Apex Productions, Ltd.—Registered Novem­ Vacuums, Ltd.—Increased by £5,000 beyond ber 6th. Capital, £3,000. Manufacturers of, the registered capital of £5,000. and dealers in, electrical and mechanical pro­ ducts, etc. Permanent directors: W. L. John­ Bankruptcies son, R. A. Penny, N. G. Sleeman and W. H. A. A. E. Starr, 11, Cross Mount Street, Batley, Chancellor. Solicitors: Herbert Baron & Co., Yorks, lately carrying on business under the E.C.4. style of Electronic Enterprises, 125, Commercial A. Pocock (Bath), Ltd.—Registered November Street, Batley, and formerly at 2, Brewery Lane, 7th. Capital, £100. To acquire the business of Thornhill Lees, Dewsbury, electrical and radio an electrical and radio engineer carried on by engineer.—The public examination of this A. E. Pocock at Craven, Upper Wellsway, Odd debtor was held recently at the County Court, Down, Somerset. Directors: A. E. Pocock Eightlands, Dewsbury, when it was reported and C. A. Ratcliffe. Regd. office: 2, Burnt that the liabilities amounted to £250 and there House Cottages, Odd Down, Bath. was a aeficiency of £165. The examination Counties Relay, Ltd.— Registered in Edinburgh was closed. November 5th. Capital, £30,000. To adopt an W. H. Grange, electrical engineer, carrying agreement between Galashiels Relay, Ltd., on business as the Talbot Electrical Co., at 14, Selkirk Relay, Ltd., and Peebles Relay, Ltd., Plumstead Road, Thorpe Saint Andrew, and to establish and carry on wireless relay Norfolk.—Last day for receiving proofs for systems. Directors: The Earl of Lauderdale, dividend December 20th. Trustee, Mr. F. R. D. B. Groom and J. Smith. Regd. office: 40, Walter, Castle Chambers, Opie Street, Norwich. Island Street, Galashiels. Swanavon, Ltd.— Registered November 19th. Liquidations Capital, £100. Manufacturers of, and dealers in, llolborn Construction Co., Ltd.— Winding up electrical fittings, appliances and components, voluntarily. Liquidator, Mr. F. N. Gammidge, particularly in relation to stage lighting of a Spencer House, South Place, London, E.C.2. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 55

MOTORS GENERATORS

CONTROL GEAR A IR B R EA K OIL IMMERSED HAND CPERA i ED AUTOMATIC

SWITCHGEAR S W IT C H E S FUSES SWITCHBOARDS A IR B R EA K OIL IMMERSED FANS C F ILIN G DESK and B R A C K E T VENTILATING

OF IMPORTANCE TO YOU LIGHTING FITTINGS In order that we may give you the GAS FILLED best service under the present difficult DISCHARGE conditions we appeal to you to utilise standard equipment, ratings, etc., whenever possible. Y our co-operation in this respect will enable us to concentrate on standard production with consequent reduction in despatch time.

USE "STAN D ARD ”

VERITYS Ltd. Sales Headquarters BRETTENHAM HOUSE, LANCASTER PLACE, W.C.2 Works ASTON, BIRMINGHAM 6 56 E l e c t r ic a l R e v i e w December 13, 1946

PERMANENT FIXINGS Can now be made to W allboards, Plaster Boards Insulating and Laminated Boards Hollow Bricks and Tiles

TOGGLE BOLTS

Rawlplug Toggle Bolts provide a simple means of making fixings to hollow partition walls or ceilings, asbestos board, hollow bricks GRAVITY TYPE The toggle has a long end and tiles, etc. which falls into position when They are ideal pushed through the hole. because they SPRING TYPE distribute the The wings of the toggle spring strain over a open at right angles to the screw when pushed through wide area. th e h ole.

RA WL-ANCHORS

An extremely ingenious device. When the screw is tightened the Rawl-Anchoi collapses as shown in the illustration. In certain materials this makes a per­ manent tapped fitting from which t h e RAWL-ANCHORSare into which the Rawl-Anchor manufactured from ductile is placed and then the screw can be steel and ensure very firm screw is tightened. Millions fixtures. Fixing is simplicity have been used on housing removed & itself—just a I" diam. hole c o n tra c ts. rep laced at will.

★ Samples of any or all of these fixing devices will be gladly supplied to the trade for testing purposes. Also the advice of our Technical Service Department is available for free unbiased assistance in overcoming any peculiar fixing problems.

THE RAWLPLUG Co. Ltd., CROMWELL ROAD, LONDON, S.W.7

T 3623 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 999 STOCKS AND SHARES accounts. This company is also to engage in a joint enterprise, the other participants being TBJHE course of Stock Exchange prices British Aluminium and Hawker Siddeley, the continues to be determined largely by the object being the manufacture of aluminium need for finding investments with which to wire and cable. replace the Local Loans stock to be paid off early in the New Year. Other substantial Miscellaneous Changes amounts fall due for repayment within the next six months, and there is a daily scramble for General Cable shares responded, with a rise alternative stocks and shares upon which a of Is. 6d. to 25s. 6d., to the increase in the reasonable rate of return can be obtained. dividend from 15 to 25 per cent. Electrical Government pronouncements dwell ceaselessly equipment shares as a whole have shown upon the intention to maintain cheap money. strength during the week. Associated Electrical Good dividends are the order of the day in the Industries at 74s. 6d., Ever Ready at 50s. and industrial market. These also serve to Ericssons at 56s. 3d., are all half-a-crown to the accentuate demand from investors. good. Gains of Is. are shown by Johnson & Phillips at 83s. 6d., and Walsall Conduits at Home Rails 58s. General Electrics at 104s. 6d. have put on In principle and detail the Transport Bill is Is. 6d., Mather & Platt are 2s. 3d. better at being hotly attacked, but after an interval for 57s. 3d., and a number of others show small digestion of the details, prices in the market improvements. concerned have mostly maintained the recovery In the radio group, Cossors at 31s. 6d. are which followed its first appearance. As then, better on the week, but Radio Television and a chief support for quotations is the considera­ Scophony have lost ground to 11s. and 8s. 6d. tion that the senior stocks, at least, can expect respectively. Among traction shares, B.E.T. two further interest payments before they are deferred, after fluctuations, finished 45 points exchanged in January, 1948, for the Govern­ down at 1,230. Cable & Wireless preference ment compensation stock. Despite the lost 4 points, receding to 119, and the ordinary recovery, most quotations are still appreciably is easier at 118. Great Northerns are up from below those fixed by the Government for 35 to 37. compensation purposes. This attracts institu­ New Issues tional buyers on the view that they are, in effect, acquiring Government stock at a discount. Dealings began last week in Dictograph No indication has yet been given as to the nature Telephones new 51 per cent preference shares of the compensation stock. at 25s. They afford at this price the relatively generous yield of £4 8s. per cent. Holders of Home Electricity Supply the company’s ordinary shares had the right to The cut in the use of coal which has been take up the shares at par, in the proportion of called for by the Minister of Fuel and Power, has one for every twenty shares held. The ordinary had a slightly depressing effect upon the prices at 5s. 3d. are a shade better. of shares in the Home electricity supply com­ panies. At present the supplies of coal to Thomas Tilling electricity undertakings are not affected, though The price of Thomas Tilling shares has been industrial and commercial consumers are to moving erratically since the railway nationaliza­ be restricted by 21 per cent In the Stock tion terms were published. From 57s. 6d. Exchange market, the opinion is that in view the price was run up to 64s. 6d., from which it of the enormous amount of power which the reacted to 60s. The company has been paying companies are supplying, the intended cut to 10 per cent on its ordinary stock, and the yield certain users will make little material difference is now £3 6s. 8d. per cent on the money. The to profits and dividends. Falls of 6d. to Is. Thomas Tilling assets consist mainly of interests have occurred in the ordinary shares of some in a number of motor services, and £1,207,000 ten companies. London Passenger Transport “ C ” stock. Calculation of the value of Tilling shares, Joint Enterprises worked out on a 41 per cent basis of yield Crompton Parkinson shares are a trifle from the investments, brings out Tillings to lower at 33s. 6d., in spite of the declaration of 60s. 6d. per share, while on a 4 per cent basis dividend and bonus again making a total of it would be 68s. From both amounts, 2s. per 22i per cent for the year. Allowing for the share must be deducted as the value of the final distribution in the price, the return works company’s preference capital on a 4 per cent out to nearly 31 per cent. Austin Motors are basis. In addition, however, the company owns on the dull side at 40s., although considerable a general motor business, freehold and leasehold interest was aroused by the report of an agree­ properties and investments worth £1,350,000 at ment with Cromptons for the joint production par. It is impossible to say with exactitude of electric vehicles. Tube Investments, now what the break-up value of Tillings is. At 6J, have been a firm market since the appear­ anything like 60s. the shares may be regarded ance of the impressive annual report and full as a sound investment. 1000 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 Contractors’ Hired Equipment Liability of Employer for Employee’s Acts

T is common practice for contractors to The crane owners, as general employers I hire plant, equipment and vehicles because of the crane driver, had failed to discharge of the excessive cost of equipment used only the burden of proving that the hirers had on occasions and also because of the difficulty such control of the workman at the time of obtaining skilled men to operate the of the accident as to become liable as em­ equipment if it is purchased. ployers for his negligence, since although the When accidents happen in connection with hirers could tell the crane driver where to these appliances the question of the legal go and what to carry, they had no authority position of the hirer arises where the to give directions as to the manner in which operator meets with an accident or is the the crane was to be operated. The crane cause of an accident. A case recently before owners were, therefore, liable for his the House of Lords is of interest on this negligence. account. This case is important because, speaking Briefly the facts of this case were that a from a professional angle, there has always firm of stevedores had hired from a contractor been great difficulty in finding the dividing the use of a crane together with line between the responsibility of its driver to assist in loading a By F. E. Sugden, the hirer of the workman with ship lying in dock. The con­ A.C.I.S., Barrister-at-Law his equipment and that of the tractor was subject to the Hiring owner of the equipment who Contractors’ Regulations which contained the actually employs the workman. It also clause: “ The driver so provided shall be underlines the point that the actual conduct the servant of the applicants.” The driver of the parties to the agreement should be in question was a skilled workman engaged specifically stated. and paid by the hiring contractor and the It is not always possible to include all the contractor alone had power to dismiss him. conditions of hire in an agreement; they The stevedores directed what operations may be contained in letters between the should be executed by him, but they had no parties. The agreement, moreover, may be a authority to direct how he should work the verbal one, but in any case the points of law crane. involved are the same. The House of Lords’ Owing to the driver’s negligence, a checker decision lays down that in all future cases, employed by the forwarding agents who had irrespective of the trade, where a crane is engaged the stevedores was injured in the hired with its driver, who is deemed to be course of his employment. The question to skilled, all that concerns the hirer is that the be determined was, whether, in applying the work is carried out on his behalf and not liability maxim (that is, certain rules and the method of carrying it out. laws are laid down whereby Common Law Suppose the hirer or his employees or other explains what must operate to make a person servants request the employee or other liable for damages and for injuries) the servants of the owner of the crane to lift employers of the crane driver or the hirers of certain machinery from one place to another. the crane were liable for the driver’s It might.be necessary to sling it, and use all negligence. kinds of tackle for the purpose. If the hirer It was contended by the owners of the contents himself with giving the removal crane that under the terms of the contract instruction, well and good, he can never be between them and the stevedores, the held liable for the accident caused to the stevedores were liable. The House of Lords hired workman, or caused by the hired held that the question of liability was not to workman. But if by arrangement he employs be determined by an agreement between the the driver through the owner of the crane general employers and the hirers, but de­ and he tells the crane driver, also by arrange­ pended on the circumstances of the case, ment with the owner, how the goods should the proper test to apply being whether or be lifted, how the crane should be operated not the hirers had authority to control the as distinct from directing the actual lifting of manner of the execution of the relevant acts the goods concerned, then the hirer will be of the driver. held liable. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 1001 MEW PATENTS Electrical Specifications Recently Published

The numbers under which the specifications will L. F. Broadway and C. S. Bull.—“ Electron be printed and abridged are given in parentheses. discharge devices employing velocity modula­ Copies o f any specification (l.y. each) may be tion or employing hollow resonators.” 6528. obtained from the Patent Office, 25, Southampton May 21st, 1941. (582616.) Buildings, London, W.C.2. E. P. Brus.—“ Renewable electric fuse plug.” /A RROW Electric Switches, Ltd.—“ In- 12653. July 3rd, 1944. (582594.) dexing means for multi-position rotary Calor Soc. Anon, pour la Fabrication des electric switches.” 16660/44. September 1st, Appareils de Chauffage et des Appareils a 1943. (5S2687.) Usages Domestiques par l’Electricité.—“ Re­ N. C. Barford.—“ Tuning mechanism for movable connection boxes for electric cooking hollow electrical resonators.” 13463. July 13th, apparatus.” 17191/39. July 5th, 1938. (582661.) 1944. (582603.) H. Candeland and Z. K. Hass.—“ Electrical K. Baumann and Metropolitan-Vickers signalling systems.” 21567. December 23rd, Electrical Co., Ltd.—“ Power plant comprising 1943. (582632.) elastic fluid turbines driving load shafts through H. Cassman.—“ Electron discharge devices speed reduction transmission gearing.” 5796. having screens required to be present in the April 29th, 1942. (582620.) “ Power plant envelope during treatment with gas or vapour including elastic fluid turbines driving load noxious to the screens.” 11694. September 12th, shafts through transmission gearing.” 16343. 1941. (582483.) November 18th, 1942. (582622.) Chloride Electrical Storage Co., Ltd. (C. D. E. G. Bowen, D. Taylor and K. G. Budden.—Galloway).—“ Electric accumulators.” 25922. ” Radio locating apparatus.” 18362. December December 27th, 1944. (582654.) 25th, 1942. (582494.) Cinch Manufacturing Corporation.—“ Elec­ B. P. L. (Instruments), Ltd., and B. Digby.—trical connector clips.” 16144/44. August 31st, “ Valve voltmeter.” 8314. May 3rd, 1944. 1943. (582677.) (582544.) J. D. Cockcroft, J. Ashmead, W. S. East­ British Insulated Cables, Ltd., and B. S. wood, A. J. H. Oxford and W. A. S. Butement.—- Robson.—“ Variable ratio gearing.” 5504. “ Radio installations for locating distant March 24th, 1944. (582516.) bodies.” 16742/44. December 4th, 1942. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd.—“ Elec­ (Divided out of 582493.) (582521.) “ Radio tric lamp signalling units.” 8703/44. May 11th, installations for locating distant bodies.” 17309. (582547.) “ Electric meters of the induction December 4th, 1942. (582493.) type.” 11089/44. June 11th, 1943. (582561.) A. C. Cossor, Ltd., and J. M. S. Speirs.—- British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., and “ Magnetron electric discharge devices.” 16828. A. Bowen.—“ Means for breaking up air flow December 31st, 1941. (582489.) over streamline bodies.” 12932. July 6th, 1944. Creed & Co., Ltd., and R. D. Salmon.— (582598.) “ Alarm devices for indicating failure of the British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., and paper feed mechanism in teleprinters.” 5506. C. J. Milner.—“ Resonators used with electron March 24th, 1944. (582528.) discharge devices of the velocity modulated Creed & Co., Ltd., and A. F.. Thompson.— type.” 13950. October 29th, 1941. (582484.) “ Teleprinters.” 6245. April 4th, 1944. (582531.) “ Electron discharge devices of the velocity Creed & Co., Ltd., A. E. Thompson and R. D. modulation type employing resonating cham­ Salmon.—“ Teleprinters.” 6557. April 7th, bers.” 1775. February 10th, 1942. (582491.) 1944. (582532.) British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., and A. G. Crossland.—“ Fluorescent electric W. J. Scott.—“ Electron discharge devices lighting fittings.” 15615. August 16th, 1944. of the velocity modulation type employing (582671.) resonating chambers.” 16530. December 22nd, Dubilier Condenser Co. (1925), Ltd., and 1941. (582487.) “ Electron discharge devices C. H. Munday.—“ Sealing arrangements for of the velocity modulation type employing electrical condensers or other electrical devices.” resonating chambers.” 16531. December 22nd, 15352. August 11th, 1944. (582669.) 1941. (582488.) “ Resonating chambers em­ Enfield Zinc Products, Ltd., and J. Grimston. ployable in electron discharge devices of the —•“ Manufacture of seamless zinc cans for dry velocity modulated type.” 1503. February 4th, batteries.” 10275. May 26th, 1944. (582554.) 1942. (582490.) English Electric Co., Ltd., and F. G. Rowland. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., T. H —“ Electric gas blast circuit-breakers.” 12987. Kinman and L. J. Davies.—“ Electron discharge July 7th, 1944. (582599.) devices of the velocity modulation type employ­ General Electric Co., Ltd., and W. G. ing resonating chambers.” 15796. December Thompson. — “ Braking of direct-current 8th, 1941. (582486.) motors.” 11962. June 23rd, 1944. (582588.) 1002 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

General Electric Co., Ltd., J. N. Bowtell, “ Ultra high-frequency electron discharge de­ R. L. Breadner, and E. E. Miles.—•“ Seals vices.” 987/44. January 22nd, 1943. (582526.) incorporating vitreous materials.” 11635. June Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd.— 19th, 1944. (582566.) “ Filamentary heating elements for electric General Electric Co., Ltd., H. C. Turner and discharge tubes and other purposes.” 3113/44. T. R. Rudge.—“ Apparatus for indicating the February 20th, 1943. (582664.) speed of rotary machines.” 17687. September Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd. (Inter­ 15th, 1944. (582694.) national Standard Electric Corporation).— India-Rubber, Gutta-Percha & Telegraph “ Velocity modulated electron discharge Works Co., Ltd., and H. L. Harding.—“ Storage devices.” 15345. November 28th, 1941. battery or like containers.” 13156. August 13th, (582485.) 1943. (582499.) Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and A. W. G. Kingsbury and H. E. R. Kingsbury. D. L. A. Driver.—“ Manufacture of selenium —“ Means for unwrapping tape, cotton, wire products.” 8525. May 5th, 1944. (582546.) or the like from a cable.” Cognate applications Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and 9962/44 and 15170/44. May 23rd, 1944. (582583.) C. H. Foulkes.—“ Resonator structures for Mallory Metallurgical Products, Ltd.—“ Elec­ electron discharge devices.” 2023. February tric contacts.” 10976/44. June 8th, 1943. 14th, 1941. (582615.) (582558.) Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and Marconi’s Wireless Telegraph Co., Ltd.— E. M. S. McW hirter.—“ Vibrator relays.” “ Automatic tuning of radio transmitters.” 16406. August 29th, 1944. (582683.) 10668/44. March 29th, 1943. (582585.) Standard Telephones & Cables, Ltd., and A. J. Marconi’s Wireless Telegraph Co., Ltd., Maddock.—“ Thermionic valves.” 9519. July L. C. Styles and V. D. Brooker.—“ Telegraph 26th, 1941. (582618.) transmitters.” 16312. August 28th, 1944. Svenska Turbinfabriks Aktiebolaget Ljung- (582679.) strom.—“ Blade rings for radial flow elastic S. Marks and E. R. Booth.—“ Rotary fluid turbines.” 1102/44. July 1st, 1943. electric switches.” 17755. September 16th, 1944. (582563.) (582696.) Telegraph Condenser Co., Ltd., and P. A. F. G. Mitchell.—“ Cooling towers.” Sporing.—“ Electrical condenser.” 15043. 19274/43. November 20th, 1944. (582630.) August 8th, 1944. (582651.) Okonite-Callender Cable Co., Inc.—“ Method G. W. Walton.—“ Detention of objects by of, and apparatus for, the manufacture of means of ultra-short electromagnetic waves.” electric power cables.” 14222/44. August 3rd, 11648. September 11th, 1941. (582482.) 1943. (582613.) Ward & Goldstone, Ltd., and W. H. Willett.— Oldham & Son, Ltd., and H. Akroyd.—- “ Electric switches.” 14734. August 2nd, 1944. “ Electromagnetic relays.” 4361. April 21st, (582645.) “ Electric plug-and-socket con­ 1944. (582536.) nectors.” 14735. August 2nd, 1944. (582646.) A. F. Pearce.—“ Hollow electrical resona­ Westinghouse Electric International Co.— tors.” 9483. June 11th, 1943. (582626.) “ Refrigeration apparatus.” 13484/44. Septem­ A. F. Pearce, and N. C. Barford.—“ High- ber 27th, 1943. (582604.) frequency electrical devices having gas-tight H. D. Wheeler and P. A. H. Mossay.— envelopes.” 9482. June 11th, 1943. (582625.) “ Control of acceleration and reversal of electric W. S. Percival.—“ Circuit arrangements motors in Ward-Leonard equipment.” 357. using electron discharge devices employing January 7th, 1944. (582573.) hollow resonators.” 9475. July 25th, 1941. F. C. Williams and E. L. C. White and D. (582617.) Blumlein (legal representative of A. D. Philips Lamp, Ltd.—“ Electric transformers.” Blumlein).—“ Pulse signal selecting and in­ 13653/44. May 5th, 1943. (582607.) dicating systems.” 17006. October 15th, 1943. A. Reyrolle & Co., Ltd., A. Allan and R. (582503.) Shannon.—“ Gas-operated electric switchgear.” 22462. November 14th, 1944. (582701.) “ Gas- The Blind in Industry operated electric switchgear.” 23214. November ^B^h e problem of the drop in the number of 22nd, 1944. (582702.) blind employed in industry is dealt with in A. Reyrolle & Co., Ltd., A. Allan and J. F. S.the annual report of the National Institute for the Small.—•“ Spring driven operating-mechanism Blind. The Institute has augmented its Place­ for electric switchgear.” 14568. July 31st, 1944. ment Section by a number of partially blind (582643.) men acquainted with the technique both of G. R. Shepherd (Westinghouse Electric Inter­ blindness and industrial employment. A body national Co.).—“ Speed control systems for of experts is also continuously finding more alternating-current motors.” 3251. February processes suitable for sightless workers, the 22nd, 1944. (582510.) number of such processes already found exceed­ Sperry Gyroscope Co., Inc.—“ Apparatus for ing five hundred. One man, totally blind and comparing the phase or time delay between two deformed in both hands, is now skilled in assem­ waves, and to distance measuring devices.” bling electric motors, and a war-blinded stage 16273/42. February 25th, 1942. (582492.) dancer is assembling electric fires. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 1003 CONTRACT INFORMATION Accepted Tenders and Prospective Electrical Work Contracts Open Orders Placed Where “ Contracts Open ” are advertised in our Birmingham.—Electricity Committee. Accep­ “ Official Notices ” section the date o f the issue ted during the last three months. Battery is given in parentheses. together with rectifier at Prince’s electricity Essex.—December 20th. Education Com­ station, Nechells.—Tudor Accumulator Co. mittee. Electrical installations in new schools Oil circuit breakers.—Mudie’s Electrical Co. at Chingford and Chigwell. Particulars from Meters.—British Electric Meters; Smith Meters; H. Conolly, county architect, County Hall, Ferranti; Measurement; Chamberlain & Hook- Chelmsford. (From the names submitted, a ham. Transformers.—Ferranti; British Thom- panel of contractors will be chosen, who will son-Houston Co.; British Electric Transformer subsequently be provided with specifications.) Co. Extensions to automatic telephone Exeter.—December 30th. Electricity Depart­ exchange at Hams Hall “ B ” power station.—- ment. Two 12,000-kVA transformers. (Decem­ Standard Telephones & Cables. Superheater ber 6th.) elements at Prince’s station, Nechells.—Simon- Forres.—December 23rd. Town Council. Carves. Medium and low voltage rubber Electrical work in connection with 32 houses at insulated cables for one year ending June 30th, Fleurs Place No. 3 site (deposit, £3 3s.).— 1947.—Mersey Cable Works. Rowand, Anderson and Paul & Partners, 107, Huddersfield.—Corporation. Accepted. Two High Street, Forres. 300-kVA and one 750-kVA transformers.— Hastings.—January 13th. Electricity Depart­ Met.-Vick. Electrical Co. ment. Two 2,000-kVA Scott-connected trans­ London.—L.C.C. Accepted. Wiring and formers and two switch kiosks. (December 6th.) fittings for electric lighting, etc., in blocks of Isle of Ely.—January 4th. County Council. dwellings on the Tulse Hill Estate, Lambeth.— Installation of electric lighting at the Orchards Ayr Engineering & Constructional Co. Nursery, Wisbech.—R. D. Robson, county Rochdale.—Electricity Committee. Accepted. architect, County Hall, March. Meters for twelve months.—Met.-Vick. Elec­ London.—Metropolitan Water Board. New trical Co. or second-hand alternators, three-phase, 400/440-V, for coupling to Diesel engines Contracts in Prospect running at 600 r.p.m. (eighteen approximately Particulars o f new works and building schemes for 200 kW and six approximately 300 kW). the use o f electrical installation contractors and (See this issue.) traders. Publication in this section is no guarantee Manchester.—January 13th. Electricity Com­ that electrical work is definitely included. Alleged mittee. 6-6-kV substation switchgear. (Decem­ inaccuracies should be reported to the Editors. ber 6th.) Ampthill.—Houses (49), and 12 flats; U.D.C. Newark-on-Trent.—January 16th. Borough surveyor, Ampthill, Beds. Council. P.i. and armoured cable. (See this Barnes.—Maisonettes (81), Lonsdale Road issue.) (£102,029); A. J. Riggs, Ltd., builders, 12, Newport (Mon.).—December 31st. Corpora­ Seaforth Avenue, New Malden, Surrey. tion. Electrical installations in 134 houses, Birmingham.—Houses (100), Coventry Road Alway Farm estate. (December 6th.) and Sandy Lane junction; city engineer. North Scotland.—January 20th. Hydro- Technical college (£2,028,000); city architect. Electric Board. High- and low-voltage distribu­ Offices and factory buildings, Lime Kiln Lane; tion lines (wood poles) on the island of Arran. Flexible Shaft & Cover Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (See this issue.) Engineering works, Central depot site Rhondda.—December 28th. Urban District (£50,000).—Thomas W. Ward, Ltd. Council. Six 300-kVA three-phase oil-immersed Blackburn.—Multiple chain stores, Church static transformers, 11,000/415/240 V. (See Street and Victoria Street; Littlewoods Mail this issue.) Order Stores, Ltd., 100, Old Hall Street. Romford.—December 23rd. Town Council. Brierley Hill.—Houses (58), Tack Farm Electrical installations in 144 houses on Gobions estate; J. R. Moore, architect, U.D.C. Offices, estate. Borough surveyor. Moor Street. St. Faith’s and Aylsham.—December 28th. Bridge of Allan.—Houses (64), near Westerton Rural District Council. Electrically operated pumping and pressure distribution plant for Drive; burgh engineer. seven sites. W. Herbert Bateman & Partners, Bromsgrove.—Houses (24), Redditch Road; Halifax House, Bank Plain, Norwich. J. E. Tolladay, West Heath. 1004 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December9^ 13, 1946

Chadderton.—Houses (70), Melbourne Street, Middlesbrough.—Extensions to factory for J. for U.D.C.; F. W. Pexton, architect, Town Hall. B. Corrie & Co., Ltd., Gray Street. Coventry.—Houses (416), West estate Newbury.—Houses (92), Shaw estate; borough (£454,272); city engineer. engineer. Daventry.—Houses (318) on 21 sites ; R.D.C. Newcastle-on-Tyne.—Printing works, Meldon surveyor. Street, for J. W. Hindson & Sons; Hetherington Durham.—Mining college in North-East Dur­ & Wilson, County Chambers, Westgate Road. ham ; county architect, 34, Old Elvet. New Romney.—Houses (50) (costing £66,022); Edmonton.—Houses (200), near Enfield boun­ E. W. Sanders (London), Ltd., builders, 49, dary at Cheshunt; borough engineer, Town Newington Causeway, London, S.E.l. Hall. Northampton.— Factory, Industrial estate; B. Gateshead-on-Tyne.—Factory at the North B. Vos & Sons, Ltd., Campbell Square. Eastern Trading estate; Hetherington & Northwich.—Permanent houses (140), in ten Wilson, County Chambers, Westgate Road, parishes; J. Birtwistle, R.D.C. surveyor, Newcastle. Whitehall, Hartford. Glasgow.—Swedish timber houses (200) at Norwich.—Extensions to factory for J. Mackin­ Robroyston & Balorcock (£245,559) and 2,142 tosh & Sons, Ltd., Chapel Field. houses at Priesthill (£2,606,300); housing director. Oughtibridge.—Extensions to steel works, for Great Yarmouth.—Permanent houses (55), cold strip roll and road vehicle springs; development scheme No. 2, Gorleston; H. F. Samuel Fox & Co., Ltd., Stocksbridge. Dyson, borough engineer, Town Hall. Paisley.—Factory (£76,520); J. Anderson & Hampstead.—Housing scheme, King Henry’s Co. (Colours), Ltd., 61, Florence Street, Glas­ Road; D. & D. J. Wood, architects, 1, Old gow. Burlington Street, London, W.l. Peterhead.—Proposed water scheme to cost Hartlepool.—Block of flats for the Sutton £13,340 (pump house, etc.); J. and A. Leslie & Dwelling Trust; C. S. Errington, architect, 46, Reid, civil engineers, Edinburgh. Grainger Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne. Permanent houses (72), Clerkhill Road; Haverfordwest.—Permanent houses (128), on burgh surveyor. several sites, for R.D.C.; A. J. Davies, surveyor, Ripponden.—Houses (102), on three sites; Council Offices, 10, Picton Place. Glendinning & Hanson, architects, Albany Hull.—New factory at Stoneferry for J. L. Chambers, Commercial Street, Halifax. Spooner, Ltd., .Durham Street. Rugeley.—Factory adjoining gas works; E. Hyde.—Bungalows (25) and 305 houses, Pinchess & Co., Ltd., boot manufacturers, Harbour Farm estate; T. Cooper, borough Rossendale Road, Earl Shilton, near Hinckley. surveyor. Rushdcn.—Factory for Sound Engineering Ilkeston.—Houses (133), Cotmanhay estate; Co., Hove Road. A. Mason (Contractors), Ltd., Sutton Road, Seaham.— Houses (500), on new estate west Mansfield, Notts. of Stockton Road; A. M. Smith, U.D.C. Lanchester (Co Durham).—Houses (415) for surveyor. R .D .C .; surveyor, R.D.C. Offices. Silloth (Cumberland).—Factory for S. Red- Liverpool.—Flats (60), in five blocks, Cantril mayne and Co., Ltd.; West Cumberland Farm estate, West Derby; director of housing, Industrial Development Co., Ltd., Roper Street, Blackburn Chambers, Dale Street, Kingsway, Whitehaven. Liverpool, 2. Stockton.— Extensions to works for E. Hullah Longbenton (Northumberland).—Electric light­ Si Co., Gray Street. ing and equipment in 156 houses for U.D.C.; surveyor, U.D.C. Offices, Forest Hall. Thanet.—Technical school for girls (£15,000); Kent county architect, Maidstone. Malden and Coombe.—Houses (42), Elm Road. New Malden; H. E. Barrett, town clerk, Walsall.—Extension to factory; Anderson & Municipal Offices. Homer, Frederick Street. Manchester.—Primary schools at Booth Hall Wembley.—Permanent houses (164), Fryent estate and Blackley; L. C. Howitt, city archi­ estate, N.W.9; borough engineer, Town Hall. tect, Town Hall. West Riding.—Secondary school at Ecclesfield Houses (1,067), Newall Green (£1,302,064); (£112,564); county architect, County Hall, hostel at Crumpsall Hospital (£52,200) and Wakefield. boiler house, Withington Hospital (£60,000); Wishaw.—Canteen for Coltness Iron Co., city engineer. Ltd. (£2,000); manager. Market Harborough.—Houses (82), on eleven Wokingham.—Permanent houses (38), London sites; R.D.C. surveyor, Council Offices, Ex­ Road; E. G. V. Hives, Council’s architect, 3, change Buildings. Cork Street, Reading. 13, 1946 December E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

Which Stop Nut will you choose— Simmonds or Pinnacle— fibre collar or metal diaphragm ? The Pinnacle is the newer product and has some advantages over its older brother. But there are still many conditions which are best satisfied by the fibre collar of the Simmonds Nut. Simmonds have learned the virtues and limitations of Stop Nuts in the only school that matters—the school of experience; ten solid years of it. In that time 90% of Stop Nuts used in British Industry have been supplied by Simmonds. We don’t need to tell you that all we know, all we have learned is at your service. And you can be sure of an unbiased opinion because we design and make both types of nut; and—in our modest way—have no doubt at all that we make the best of both.

SIMMONDS STOP NUTS

Simmonds Aerocessories Limited ■ Great West Road ■ London ■ A Company o f the Simmonds Group 58 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

n u A L i T '

R e c o m m e n d your

c u s t omers to ¡ n s t a 1 Elasta Lamps, the lamps

the/ can re iy upon.

E.L.M.A. LAMPS MADE IN ENGLAND ELECTRIC LAMPS POPE’S ELECTRIC LAMP CO.,LTD. 5 ,E ARNSHAW STREET,NEW OXFORD ST.,L 0 ND0 N,W.C.2

Telephone: TEMple Bar 6074. Telegrams: “ Duramentum, Westcent, London.” Branches holding stocks from which supplies can be obtained h MANCHESTER: LEEDS : 6 Park Square. LEICESTER: 18 Pool St., Market Street. Tel.: Leeds 22119. 89 London Road. Tel.: Deansgate 5687. G ram s : Tel. : Leicester 59028. Grams: Pope’s, Leeds 22119.” G ra m s: "Pope's, Deansgate 5687.” "Pope's, Leicester 59028.’ BIRMINGHAM : 3 Grosvenor Chambers. BRISTOL : Broad St. Corner, Broad Street. 15 Brunsw ick Square. Tel. : M idland 2580. Tel. 23987. Grams: " Pope’s, Midland 2580, Birmingham.” Grams: "Pope’s, Bristol 23987.' B E L F A S T (Managers: Campbell, Gardener & Co.), 27 Franklin Street. Tel. : Belfast 2 5 17 1. Grams : " Camergard, Belfast.” Liverpool Representative : Mr. B. MARKS, 29 Lascelles Road, Liverpool 19. December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 59 ; CLASSIFIE» i!>Vi:itllSi:illv\IS ADVERTISEM ENTS for insertion in the following REPLIES TO advertisements published under a Friday’s issue are accepted up to First Post on Box Number if not to be delivered to any particular M onday, and should be addressed to Classified Advertisement Department, Dorset House, Stamford firm or individual should be accompanied by instruc­ Street, London, S.E .l. (SeeNotice below for Christmas.) tions. to this effect, addressed to the Manager of the THE CHARGE for advertisements in this section ELECTRICAL REVIEW. Letters of applicants in is 2/6 per line (approx. 7 words) per insertion ; ONLY such cases cannot be returned to them. The name OFFICIAL AND GOVERNMENT ANNOUNCE­ of an advertiser using a Box Number will not be MENTS CAN NOW BE DISPLAYED :— 35/- per disclosed. All replies to Box Numbers should be inch. Where the advertisement includes a Box Number this counts as six words and there is an addressed to the Box Number in the advertisement, additional charge of 6d. for postage of replies. c/o ELECTRICAL REVIEW, Dorset House, Stam­ SITUATIONS WANTED. — Three insertions ford Street, London, S.E.l. Cheques and Postal under this heading can be obtained for the price of Orders should be made payable to ELECTRICAL two if ordered and prepaid with the first insertion. REVIEW LTD. and crossed, Original testimonials should not be sent with applications for employment.

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OFFICIAL NOTICES, TENDERS, ETC . R H O N D D A U.D.C. E L E C T R IC IT Y D E P A R T M E N T

NORTH OF SCOTLAND HYDRO-ELECTRIC BOARD Three-phase Static Transformers ARRAN DISTRIBUTION SCHEME HE Rhondda Urban District Council invite tenders High and Low Tension Overhead Lines (Wood Poles) T for the supply and delivery of six 300-kVA, 3-phase on the Island of Arran oil-immersed Static Transformers, 11.000/415/240 volts, 50 cycles. rpH E Board invites tenders for the supply, delivery and Specification and form of tender may be obtained from -1- erection of High Tension and Low Tension Distri­ Mr. T. R. Evans. M.I.E.E., Electrical Engineer, Elec­ bution Lines. Prospective tenderers may obtain copies of tricity Works. Porth, Glam. the tender documents from the undersigned on sending Tenders must be addressed and delivered to the under­ cheque for deposit of £1 Is., which will be refunded on signed not later than 12 noon on Saturday, the 28th receipt of a bona fide tender. December, 1946. No tender will be received except in Completed tenders, endorsed “ Arran Distribution— a plain, sealed envelope, which must bear the word Contract No. 1 ,” must reach the subscriber not later than “ Tender ” followed by the subject to which it relates, noon on 20th January. 1947. The Board do not bind but shall not bear any name or mark indicating the sender. themselves to accept the lowest or any tender. The Council do not bind themselves to accept the lowest T . L A W R IE . or any tender. 16. Rothesay Terrace. Secretary. D. J. JONES. E d inburgh, 3. Council Offices, Clerk of the Council. 9th December. 1946.______3976 Pentre. Rhondda. 6th December. 1946.______3975 METROPOLITAN WATER BOARD SITUATIONS VACANT Tenders for Alternators WEST MIDLANDS JOINT ELECTRICITY HE Metropolitan Water Board require the following AUTHORITY T New or Secondhand Alternators, 3-phase, 400/440 volts. 50 cycles, 1 or 2 bearings, with or without switch- Appointment of Relief Combustion Engineer, gear, for coupling directly or indirectly to Diesel engines Ironbridge Generating Station running at 600 r.p.m. : 18 Alternators approx. 200-kW o u tp u t; 6 Alternators approx. 300 kW output. HE above-named Authority have a vacancy for a Further details may be obtained from the Mechanical T Relief Combustion Engineer at their Ironbridge Engineer at the Board’s offices. Particulars of plant generating station. Shropshire, at a salary of £523 per available should be enclosed in sealed envelopes endorsed annum. Class K, Grade 8 a. of the National Joint Board “ Tender for Alternators ” and addressed to the under­ Schedule. signed at the Offices of the Board (Room 122). Candidates must be well versed in fuel technology and C. W. STOKER. have had a thorough practical training in mechanical Offices of the Board. Clerk of the Board. engineering, together with a wide experience in the New River Head. efficient operation of high-pressure boilers of large capacity, Rosebery Ave.. London, E.C.l. 3993 modern boiler house equipment, and instruments in major generating stations. Corporate membership of the Insti­ tution of Mechanical Engineers and/or the Institution of BOROUGH OF NEWARK-ON-TRENT Electrical Engineers will be an advantage. The appointment will be subject to the Authority’s ENDERS are invited for the supply and delivery of Superannuation Scheme under the Local Government T Paper-insulated and Armoured Cable required by the Superannuation Act. 1937, and the selected candidate Electricity Department. Particulars and form of tender will be required to pass a medical examination. can be obtained from the B'orough Electrical Engineer. Applications, stating age, full particulars of training Municipal Buildings, Baldertongate, Newark. Notts. and experience, accompanied by copies of three recent Tenders to be delivered to the undersigned not later testimonials, should reach the undersigned not later than than Thursday. 16th January, 1947. The Council does the 31st December, 1946. Canvassing, either directly or not bind itself to accept the lowest or any tender. indirectly, will disqualify. H. TALLENTS. H. F. CARPENTER. Town Clerk’s Office. Town Clerk. Phrtnix Buildings. Clerk and Manager. Newark-on-Trent. 0000 Dudley Road. Wolverhampton. 26th November, 1946. 3898 2nd December. 1946. 3912 60 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

METROPOLITAN BOROUGH OF STOKE NEWINGTON CITY OF WINCHESTER ELECTRICITY DEPT.

Appointment of Borough Electrical Engineer A PPLICATIONS are invited for the following positions: (A) Appointment of MAINS ASSISTANT. Salary A PPLICATIONS are invited for the appointment of in accordance with Grade 8 a, Class D, of the National Borough Electrical Engineer of the Council’s Elec­ Joint Board Schedule (at present £368 per annum). Can­ tricity Undertaking from persons experienced in the didates must have had a sound technical and practical management and administration of such undertaking. training, experience in the installation and operation o' The salary will be in accordance with the agreement H.V. and M.V. underground mains and overhead lines for made by the National Joint Committee of Local Authori­ A.C. transmission and distribution, also the installation ties and Chief Electrical Engineers dated 9th July, 1941. and operation of transformer substations. Graduate In pursuance of Clause 10 of that agreement, 85% of the membership of the Institution of Electrical Engineers or salary may be paid in the first year, and 92£% in the equivalent qualification is essential. second year, and the full salary in the third and subsequent (B) Appointment of CONTROL ENGINEER (working years. On the present unit assessment of the under­ a shift rota) at a salary in accordance with Grade 8a. taking this would be £831, £905 and £978 per annum Class D, of the National Joint Board Schedule (at present respectively, but the salary for this appointment will £368 per annum). Candidates should have a technical commence at the step appropriate to the successful can­ knowledge of alternating current transmission and distri­ didate’s qualifications and experience. bution. and some experience with an electricity under­ Applicants must be Corporate Members of the Institution taking in the operation of a high-voltage ring main system of Electrical Engineers. Recent experience in electricity supplying transformer substations, together with the supply undertaking is essential, and applicants must have operation of modern cable protective systems and high- a thorough knowledge of design and operation of 11-kV voltage switchgear. and L.T. underground distribution networks and A.C. Both appointments will be subject to the provisions of and D.C. substations. Applicants must also be thoroughly the Local Government Superannuation Act, 1937, and conversant with the management of showrooms, hire and the selected candidates will be required to undergo a hire purchase, assisted wiring schemes, and the general medical examination. administration of an electricity department. The appoint­ Applications, stating age, and giving full details of ment will be terminable by three months’ notice in writing technical and practical training, with previous experience, on either side, and will be subject to the Council’s Super­ also copies of not more than three recent references, annuation Act, and to a satisfactory medical examination. should be endorsed “ Mains Assistant ” or “ Control Applications, on forms to be obtained from the Town Eugineer.” and delivered to the City Electrical Engineer. Clerk, and accompanied by copies of three recent testi­ Electricity Department. Gordon Road. Winchester, not monials, must be delivered to the undersigned by 1st later than Friday, the 20th December. 1946. Canvassing, January, 1947. Canvassing, directly or indirectly, will either directly or indirectly, will disqualify. disqualify, and any relationship to officers or members of F. W. KEMPTON. the Council must be disclosed. Guildhall. Winchester. Town Clerk. C. KENT WRIGHT, 30th November. 1946.______3855 Town Hall, Town Clerk. Stoke Newington Church Street. N.16.______3780 METROPOLITAN BOROUGH OF POPLAR BOROUGH OF SCUNTHORPE ELECTRICITY DEPT. Appointment of Senior Draughtsman, Electricity Dept. Junior Technician PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Senior PPLICATIONS are invited for the appointment of A Draughtsman in the Electricity Department of the A Junior Technician in the above Department. The Council, at a salary in accordance with Class G. Grade 8 . salary will be in accordance with the N.J.B. Schedule. of the scales of salaries of the National Joint Board for Grade 10. Class F, at present £306 per annum rising to the Electricity Supply Industry (at present £490 per £310 per annum in four years. annum inclusive). Applicants .should have practical experience in the Applicants must be fully qualified draughtsmen, familiar installation arid maintenance of E.H.T. and L.T. switch- with building and structural engineering, and a knowledge gear and underground and overhead distribution schemes, of general power station and substation work is essential. and preference will be given to candidates holding National The successful applicant will be required to pass a Certificates in Electrical Engineering. medical examination and the appointment is subject to The appointment will be subject to the provisions of the provisions of the Poplar Borough Council (Super­ the Local Government Superannuation Act. 1937, and annuation) Acts, 1911-1937. the successful candidate will be required to pass a medical Applications, stating age. particulars of qualifications examination. and experience, accompanied by copies of three recent Applications, endorsed “ Junior Technician.” stating testimonials, should be addressed to the undersigned, age. particulars of education, qualifications and experience, endorsed “ Senior Draughtsman—Electricity Department.” accompanied by copies of three recent testimonials, must and should be received not later than 9 a.m.. Tuesday. be delivered to me not later than Friday, December 20th. 24th December. 1946. Canvassing members or officers of 1946. the Council in any form will disqualify. W. P. ERRINGTON, S. A. HAMILTON. Municipal Offices. Town Clerk. Poplar Town Hall. Town Clerk. 34, High St., Scunthorpe. Bow Road, E.3. 26th November. 1946.______3832 _ 27th November. 1946._____ 3851 BOROUGH OF MACCLESFIELD ELECTRICITY DEPT. CITY AND ROYAL BURGH OF DUNDEE ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT Appointment of Lady Demonstrator Testing Department Assistant PPLICATIONS are invited for the above appointment A at a salary in accordance with Miscellaneous Grade PPLICATIONS are invited for the above position (I) of the Nat;onal Joint Council’s Scheme of Conditions A from suitably qualified Meter Engineers having a of Service (£255-£300). plus cost-of-living bonus, at present sound technical and practical training and considerable £48 2s. experience in a Class A Meter Testing Station. Candidates Candidates must have had a good general education must be familiar with all makes of D.C. meters and both and hold a recognised diploma in domestic science and/or H.T. and L.T. single and polyphase A.C. meters, the the E.A.W. Electrical Housecraft Diploma. They must maintenance of records, the overhaul and preparation of be competent to take lectures and demonstrations and to meters for certification, the adjustment and calibration of advise consumers on the selection and use of electrical electrical instruments and protective relays, and be appliances of all types. The appointment will be subject thoroughly conversant with the care and use of sub­ to the provisions of the Local Government Superannuation standard and standard instruments. Act. 1937, and the successful candidate will be required The salary is in accordance ’ with Grade 8 . Class H. to pass a medical examination. starting at £481 per annum, subject to deductions under Applications, stating age. training, qualifications and the Local Government Superannuation Act. full details of experience, accompanied by copies of not Applications, stating age, qualifications and experience, more than two recent testimonials, should be addressed should be addressed to the undersigned and delivered not to the undersigned not later than January 2nd. 1947. later than first post on Saturday, 21st December. 1946. WALTER ISAAC. P. PHILIP, M.I.Mech.E., M.I.E.E., Town Hall. Macclesfield. Town Clerk. Dud hone Crescent Road, City Electrical Engineer 11th December. 1946. 3938 Dundee. 3913 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 61

MARGATE. BROADSTAIRS AND DISTRICT BOROUGH OF BRENTFORD AND CHISWICK ELECTRICITY BOARD ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT

Appointment ot Engineer and Manager Deputy Borough Electrical Engineer

A PPLICATIONS are invited for the appointment of A PPLICATIONS are invited from suitably qualified . El’8 ™eer and Manager to the above Board from and experienced persons for the post of Deputy qualified Electrical Engineers at a commencing inclusive Borough Electrical Engineer at a salary in accordance salary of £ 1.0 0 0 . rising (subject to satisfactory service) by with Grade 1. Class E. of the N.J.B'. Schedule of Salaries, three annual increments of £100 to £1.300 per annum. at present £796 rising to £815 per annum. Applicants must be Corporate Members of the Institution Applicants must be Corporate Members of the Insti­ of Electrical Engineers and have had considerable experi­ tution of Electrical Engineers, and. have had a sound ence in the management of an Electricity Supply Under­ technical education and practical experience in the design taking. Applicants must be conversant with the manage­ and operation of 6.6/11-kV and L.T. underground dis­ ment of showrooms, hire and hire-purchase of apparatus, tribution networks with A.C. and D.C. substations. assisted wiring schemes, and the general administration Extensive sales development and commercial experience of an Electricity Department. with a progressive electricity undertaking is also essential. The appointment will be terminable by three months’ The appointment will be subject to .the provisions or notice in writing on either side, and will be subject to the the Local Government Superannuation Act. 1937, and Board’s Superannuation Scheme and satisfactorily passing the successful candidate will be required to pass a medical a medical examination. examination and reside within the Borough. Applications, stating age, previous experience and Applications, stating age and experience, together with present position, accompanied by not more than three copies of not more than three recent testimonials, endorsed recent testimonials, must be delivered to me not later “ Deputy Borough Electrical Engineer.” must be delivered than Wednesday, the 18th December. 1946. Envelopes to the undersigned not later than Tuesday, 31st December. should be endorsed “ Engineer and Manager.” Applicants 1946. Canvassing, directly or indirectly, will be deemed are required to state in their applications whether to their a disqualification, and candidates must declare any knowledge they are related to any member of the Board relationship with members or officers of the Council of or to the holder of any senior office under the Board. which they are aware. Failure to disclose this information will disqualify. Can­ A. E. JEANS. M.I.E.E.. vassing members of the Board, either directly or indirectly, 197/199. Chiswick High Rd., Borough Electrical will also be a disqualification. London. W.4.______Engineer. 3931 P. T. GROVE. CITY OF CHICHESTER ELECTRICITY DEPT. 40. Grosvenor Place. Margate. Clerk to the B'oard. 25th November. 1946.______3761 PPLICATIONS are invited for the following positions: METROPOLITAN BOROUGH OF HAMPSTEAD A (a) CONSUMERS’ ASSISTANT. Appointed person will be attached to showroom staff and will be required A PPLICATIONS are invited for permanent appoint- to advise consumers (both in showroom and on consumers* premises) on the selection and use of electric apparatus, ments as Male Clerical Assistants in the Borough tariffs, tariff assessments, queried accounts, etc. Salary Treasurer’s Department (Electricity Section). Applicants in accordance with National Joint Council for Local should have educational qualifications of a standard not Authorities Staffs, General Division (at present £160 at less than the School Certificate examination, and prefer­ 21 years, rising to £300 at 30 years, plus cost-of-living ence will be given to those having experience in the bonus of £59 16s. per annum). Candidates should have accounting section of an electricity undertaking (company had previous experience in a similar capacity. Education or municipal). to School Certificate standard, apd ability to drive car Salaries will be in accordance with the General Division will be an advantage. of the National Scales of Salaries, total salaries, inclusive (b) MAINS FOREMAN. Applicants must be experi­ of London area weighting and present bonus, being, e.g.. enced in the erection, installation and maintenance of £279 16s. per annum at age 23 years, £294 16s. at 24 both E.H.T. and L.T. overhead lines and underground years. £309 16s. at 25 years. £389 16s. at 30 years. mains. Appointed person must be capable of supervising The appointments will be terminable by one month’s the work of the jointers and the mains gang; a good notice on either side, and the persons appointed will be disciplinarian and timekeeper, and able to drive car and required to pass a medical examination and to contribute light van. Wages and conditions in accordance with the to the Council’s superannuation fund. The conditions of District Joint Industrial Council. Electricity Supply In­ service are those in the National Scheme for Local Govern­ dustry (No. 11 Area. Zone 2). at present 29.88d. per hour. ment Officers. Applications, stating age. qualifications and experience, Applications, stating age. qualifications and experience, accompanied by copies of recent testimonials, should be together with copies of not more than three recent testi­ addressed to reach the undersigned not later than 31st monials. to be received by me not later than 31st Decem­ December. 1946. ber. 1946. Canvassing is strictly prohibited and will E. H. SKINNFR. A.M.I.E.E.. disqualify. 43. North St.. City Electrical Engineer and Manager. P. H. HARROLD. Chichester. Sussex.______3918 Town Hall. Town Clerk. Haverstock Hill. N.W.3. COUNTY BOROUGH OF BRIGHTON _ 13th December. 1946.______3897 ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT

CITY OF YORK ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT Appointment of Junior Assistant in the Sales Dept.

Appointment of Shift Charge Engineer A PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Junior (Male) Assistant for Showroom and Clerical Duties A PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Shift in the Sales Department. Candidates, who must be under Charge Fngineer at the Corporation’s ” Selected ” 25 years of age. must have been educated to matriculation Generating Station. Candidates must have had a good standard and have had some experience with an electricity practical and technical training in mechanical and elec­ supply undertaking. trical engineering, and experience in the operation and Salarv will be in accordance with the General Division maintenance of power station plant, including turbo­ of the National Salary Scales (£215 per annum at 24 years generators. steam-raising equipment and H.V. switchgear. of age), plus war bonus, at present £59 16s. per annum. Salary in accordance with N.J.B. Schedule. Class G. Conditions of service will be those laid down by the G rade 8 (£467 per annum). National Joint Council Scheme of Conditions of Service. The appointment will be subject to the provisions of The appointment will be subject to the provisions of the Local Government Superannuation Act. 1937. and the Local Government Superannuation Act. 1937. and the Sick Allowance Regulations of the Council. The the selected candidate will be required to pass a medical successful candidate will be required to pass satisfactorily examination. a medical examination. . . Applications, which must be made on a prescribed form, Applications, stating age. education, training, experi­ to be obtained from Mr. H. Pryce-Jones. M.Fng.. Engineer ence and present appointment, accompanied by copies of and Manager. Brighton Corporation Electricity Dept.. not more than three recent testimonials, must rea^h the Flectric Hou=e. Castle Souare. Br'ghton. are to be delivered undersigned not later than 10 a.m. on the 2 /th day of to him not later than Monday, the 30th December. 1946. December. 1946, endorsed " Shift Charge Engineer. Canvassing, either directly or indirectly, wifi disqualify. W. A. CROCKFR. J. G. DREW. City Electrical Engineer. Town Hall, Town Clerk. Electricity Offices. Brighton. 1. 3937 Clifford Street. York. 3935 62 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

LONDON AND HOME COUNTIES JOINT METROPOLITAN BOROUGH OF BETHNAL GREEN ELECTRICITY AUTHORITY ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT

A PFUCATIONS are invited for the appointment of Appointment of Plumber-Jointer - Assistant Meter and Test Superintendent (Burford, near Dorking). A PPLICATIONS are invited from persons of not more Salary between £500 and £600 per annum, according to -^A- than 45 years of age for the appointment of Plumber- qualifications and experience, and in accordance with Jointer in the Electricity Department of the Council. N.J.B. Schedule. Duties include assistance to the Meter Candidates must have had experience on high tension and and Test Superintendent and responsibility for all technical low tension cables. The rate of pay will be that duties in the meter and testing department, the calibration prescribed by the Electricity Supply Industry (District of sub-standard instruments, and the carrying out of Council No. 10), Greater London Area, at present 2s. 8d. electrical tests on the Authority’s mains and apparatus. per hour. Candidates must hold a university degree in electrical The appointment will be subject to the provisions of engineering, have had experience in calibration of instru­ the Bethnal Green Borough Council (Superannuation) ments and testing of all kinds of electrical gear, and be Acts. 1906-1937, and the Council’s Bye-laws and Standing capable of controlling staff. Orders, and the selected candidate will be required to pass The person appointed will be required to pass a medical a medical examination. examination by the Authority’s medical adviser, and to Applications, in the candidate’s own handwriting, with become subject to the Authority’s Superannuation Scheme, particulars of age, experience and qualifications, and which applies generally the provisions of the Local accompanied by not more than three recent testimonials, Government Superannuation Act, 1937, including the j must reach me at the undermentioned address not later provisions of that statute relating to transfer values. than 12 noon on Monday, 23rd December, 1946. Canvass­ Applications, endorsed “ Assistant Meter, etc.. Superin­ ing will disqualify. tendent, ” and stating age, qualifications and experience, S. P. F ER DIN ANDO. accompanied by copies of not more than three recent Town Hall, Town Clerk. testimonials, must be sent to the General Manager of the Bethnal Green, E.2.______3965 Authority at the undermentioned address by not later than the 30th December, 1946. Canvassing, directly or ENGINEERING ASSISTANT FOR CONSTRUCTION indirectly, wlil be a disqualification. DEPARTMENT A. L. BURNELL, 5-6, Lancaster Place, Clerk to the Authority. A PPLICANTS must have had experience in planning, Strand, W.C.2. -^A. surveying and supervision of the erection of H.V. December, 1946.______3979 and M.V. overhead lines, the laying and jointing of underground cable and the installation of rural type ST. HELENS EDUCATION COMMITTEE substations. MAINS ASSISTANT Municipal Technical College Applicants must have had experience in the operation Principal: J. R. Petrie, B.Sc., M.I.Mech.E. of a high voltage system and be conversant with the erection and maintenance of H.V. and M.V. overhead PPLICATIONS are invited for the following permanent lines, underground cable and static substations. A full-time teaching posts: — Salary for above appointments, £420 per annum. The (a) LECTURER IN MINING and Allied Subjects. successful applicants will be required to participate in the Applicants should be Graduates in Mining or possess Company’s Superannuation Scheme. Applications should equivalent qualifications. A First Class (Colliery Managers’) give age. whether married or single, education, details of Certificate of Competency, together with practical experi­ training, experience and technical qualifications, and be ence in mining, is essential. Teaching experience with accompanied by copies of recent testimonials in envelopes part-time day students would be an advantage. Salary appropriately endorsed, addressed to the undersigned, not in accordance with Burnham Technical Scale. Commencing later than 31st December, 1946. rate will include increments for approved experience in N. F. MARSH. Esq., M.A.. M.I.E.E., industry, etc., after the age of 21 years. Mid-Lincolnshire Electric Supply Co. Ltd., (b) LECTURER IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING North House. Grantham. Subjects. Applicants should hold an Honours Degree, ______3994 have had good industrial and teaching experience, and be capable of taking classes to Higher National Certificate STEWARTRY OF KIRKCUDBRIGHT COUNTY standard. Salary in accordance with Burnham Technical COUNCIL ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT Scale. The post will be recognised as one of Special Responsibility with an additional allowance. Commencing Appointment of Junior Mains Assistant rate will include increments for approved experience in industry, etc., after the age of 21 years. A PPLICATIONS are invited for the above post from Application forms (obtainable by sending stamped -^A- suitably qualified Engineers who have had previous addressed foolscap envelope) should be returned not later experience of mains work, preferably in a rural electricity than 31st December, 1946. undertaking. Duties will include the survey and profiling N. F. NEWBURY. of 11 kV overhead lines, maintenance of substation and Education Office. St. Helens. Director of Education. switchgear and generally acting as assistant to the Mains 5th December. 1946.______3945 Engineer. Salary and conditions of appointment will be COUNTY BOROUGH OF HALIFAX in accordance with the National Joint Board Schedule, the ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT present salary being £316 per annum (Class D. Grade 9). The appointment will be subject to the Local Government Superannuation (Scotland) Act. 1937, and the selected Appointment of Assistant Power Station Superintendent candidate will be required to pass a medical examination. Applications, stating age, and giving full particulars of PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Assistant training and experience, together with copies of testi­ A Power Station Superintendent at the Foundry Street monials. to be forwarded to the undersigned not later Power Station of the above Authority. The conditions than 4th January, 1947. of employment are in accordance with the National Joint ROBT. C. MONTEATH. Board Agreement, Class G, Grade 5, at present £573 County Offices, County Clerk. rising to £604 per annum. Kirkcudbright.______3978 Candidates must be experienced in the operation and maintenance of a modern selected power station and have NORTH-WEST MIDLANDS JOINT ELECTRICITY had a good engineering education. The appointment will AUTHORITY be subject to the provisions of the Local Government Superannuation Act, 1937, and the successful applicant PPLICATIONS are invited for the following appoint­ will be required to pass a medical examination. A ment: Electrical Fitter. Wages will be paid in Applications, endorsed “ Assistant Power Station Super­ accordance with Grade I Electrical Fitter under the D.I.C. intendent.” stating age, training and experience, and Schedule of 29.28d. per hour. accompanied by copies of not more than three recent Application forms may be obtained from the under­ testimonials, should reach the undersigned not later than signed, and must be returned not later than Monday, the 12 noon, Monday, the 30th December. 1946. Canvassing, 23rd December, 1946. either directly or indirectly, will disqualify. F . F A V E L L . A. G. CONNELL. M .I.E.E., M.I.Mech.E., F.Inst.F.. York Chambers, Chief Engineer and Manager. Borough Electrical Engineer and Manager. Kingsway, Stoke-on-Trent. 19/23, Northgate, Halifax. 3946 6th December, 1946. 3964 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 63

BOROUGH OF NUNEATON STREET LIGHTING CITY OF PETERBOROUGH ELECTRICITY DEPT. DEPARTMENT

Appointment of Street Lighting Superintendent A PPLICATIONS are invited for the following appoint- m e n ts : — (a) ASSISTANT MAINS ENGINEER. Candidates APPLICATIONS are invited from suitably qualified should have had a sound training and some experience and experienced persons of not more than 45 years in the construction and maintenance of distribution net­ of age for the above appointment. works, and in the layout of modern street lighting. Salary The Council’s street lighting is all-electric, consists of and conditions of employment will be in accordance with approximately 1,300 columns equipped with metal fila­ the N.J.B. Schedule, Class G, Grade 9a, viz., £343 to ment. mercury and sodium discharge lamps, and a central £358 per annum. control system is now being installed. At present the (b) JUNIOR MAINS DRAUGHTSMAN. Candidates department is controlled by the Electricity Undertaking, should have had experience in distribution drawing office, but it is proposed to set up a separate Street Lighting and be conversant with mains records and the design and Committee in the near future, and the selected candidate layout of distribution networks. Salary and conditions will then be required to take complete charge of the of employment will be in accordance with the N.J.B. Department and will be directly responsible to that Com­ Schedule, Class G, Grade 10a, viz., £300 to £311 p.a. mittee for the efficient management thereof. The selected candidates for each appointment will be Experience is essential in the preparation of designs required to pass a medical examination and to contribute and estimates for new street lighting installations, together to the Corporation’s Superannuation Scheme under the with the control of staff and workmen engaged in such a Local Government Superannuation Act. 1937. department. Applications, endorsed (a) "Assistant Mains Engineer," Salary will be in accordance with the Miscellaneous and (b) "Junior Mains Draughtsman," stating age, train­ Division. Grade II. of the National Joint Council for ing, qualifications, giving details of experience, and accom­ Local Authorities’ Staff, at present approximately £375 panied by copies of two testimonials, should be forwarded p.a., rising to £420, including war bonus. The appoint­ to the City Electrical Engineer and Manager, Albert ment is superannuate and the successful candidate will Meadow. Peterborough, not later than 30th December. be required to pass a medical examination. 1946. Applications, endorsed “ Street Lighting Superinten­ ARTHUR J. REEVES. dent." giving details of training, experience, date of birth, Town Hall, Peterborough. Town Clerk. together with copies of testimonials, should reach me not 7th December, 1946. 3977 later than first post on Saturday, 28th December, 1946. T. OLDROYD, A British firm of telephone manufacturers in India has The Council House. Nuneaton. Town Clerk. vacancies for Engineers capable of assisting in the 5th December. 1946.______3980 planning of automatic telephone exchange networks. Applicants should have some knowledge of the assessment BOROUGH OF H ASLINGDEN ELECTRICITY DEPT. of traffic data, area layouts, and the general technical requirements of exchange networks. The position offers Plumber-Jointer good prospects to young single men, good salary with kit and travelling allowances, and usual leave. Write, giving A PPLICATIONS are invited for the position of Plumber- full details of experience and age, to — Box No. 206. Jointer. Applicants must be experienced in jointing Dorlands. 18/20. Regent Street. London. S.W.l. 3751 both E.H.T. (6.600 volts) and L.T. cables. DVERTISER, who has an engineering works in Scot­ Rate of pay in accordance with the Schedule of the A land. with spare ground to extend works to six times District Council No. 3. North-Western Area. Electricity present size, desires to establish an Electrical Manufactur­ Supply Industry, B Zone, at present 27.43d. per hour. ing Section, and would be pleased to contact young men Applications, giving age, whether married or single, and of ability to discuss the project with a view to making details of experience, accompanied by copy testimonials, appointments. Applicants should have knowledge of to be received by the Borough Electrical Engineer. Elec­ dynamo and motor design and construction, A.C. and tricity Offices, Haslingden, Rossendale, not later than the D.C., and should be capable of inaugurating the work on 28th December. 1946.______3868 their own responsibility. Applicants should give details of training and attainments, supported by testimonials and accompanied by two references of character.—Box COUNTY BOROUGH OF GREAT YARMOUTH 5034. c/o The Electrical Review. ELECTRICITY DEPARTMENT LLIANCE Wholesale Ltd. require a Representative A covering the counties of Herts., Beds., Bucks. Vacancies for Plumber-Jointers (Houses Available) Applicants must be technically qualified to deal with enquiries from works engineers. Residence in the area HHHREE vacancies exist for experienced Plumber-Jointers is essential. Remuneration will be by salary, expenses accustomed to working on 1 1 ,0 0 0 -v. and low-voltage and commission. Please apply by letter to—The Managing single and three-phase networks. Wages and conditions Director. Alliance Wholesale Ltd., 62/63, Great Russell of service in accordance with D.J.I.C. Schedule. No. 8 Street. London, W.C.l. 3899 Area, present wage, including war bonus. 2s. 43d. per LLIANCE Wholesale Ltd. require additional staff for hour. If required, houses will be available to successful A their London Office Order Department. Applicants candidates. Applications, giving age. particulars of must be qualified to deal with orders and enquiries for experience, etc., should reach the undersigned not later electrical installation equipment without supervision. The than Wednesday, 25th December. 1946. situations available call for men able to hold senior GERARD T. ALLCOCK. positions. Please apply, in own handwriting, to—The Electric House. Engineer and General Manager. Managing Director, Alliance Wholesale Ltd.. 62/63, Great Regent Rd., Great Yarmouth. ______3959 Russell Street. London, W.C.l. 3900’' MERICAN firm operating a jute mill near Calcutta TRENT VALLEY & HIGH PEAK ELECTRICITY A require a Power Engineer to take charge of the CO. L IM IT E D power plant, consisting of water tube boiiers, turbo­ alternators and auxiliaries, also distribution mains, both Wiremen-Electricians cable and overhead lines. Must be capable of designing and supervising alterations in both H.T. and L.T. mains. Minimum starting salary Rs.1,350 per month.—Box 5054, A PPLICATIONS are invited for the above appointments c/o The Electrical Review. at a wage in accordance with the N.J.I.C. (No. 3) RMATURE Winder, fully experienced in prototype Electricity Supply Industry, Zone B. at present 26.63d. A and development winding of small fractional horse­ per hour for 47-hour week. Applicants must have pmC‘ power motors, and able to take charge of small production tical experience in all classes of installations, industrial section, required by firm of scientific instrument makers. and domestic, including installation of motors and switch- Top rates offered. Please apply, giving particulars of age. gear. Permanent positions for successful applicants who experience, etc., to—Box 3923. c/o The Electrical Review. will be eligible to join the Staff Pension Scheme. Write, RMATURE Winders and Improvers urgently required. stating age, experience, etc., to ^ COOK A Top rates and good conditions.—Box 113, c/o The Electrical Review. Electricity House, RMATURE Winders and Improvers urgently required. Market Place. _ , . Kesident Manager A Top rates and good conditions.—Collins Electrical Chapel-en-Ie-Frith. via Stockport.______JVM Ltd.. 22. St. Alban’s Place, London, N.I. 85 1 RMATURE Winder reauired. Fully skilled and used RMATURE Winders and Improvers wanted for general A to all classes of repair work, fractional to 50 h.p. A repair works, A.C. and D.C. Top rates.—Phillips & H ouse a v a ila b le — B ox 3731. c/o The Electrical Review. Sons Electrical Ltd., 40. Waterford Road, S.W.6 . 3757 64 E l e c t r ic a l R e v i e w December 13, 1946

A RMATURE Winders and Improvers required, A.C. EVELOPMENT Engineer required by company and D.C., top rates, good working conditions.— D handling a wide range of light electrical, electronic Electrical Power Repairs (Gillingham) Ltd., Strover and mechanical devices. Must be fully capable of under­ Street. Gillingham. Kent. 5065 taking, unassisted, the production engineering development A RMATURE Winders and Improvers wanted, must be of equipment from laboratory models. Applicants should used to A.C. and D.C. repair shop work. Write, possess a sound basic knowledge of engineering principles stating experience and wages required, to—W. H. Sugden and have had extensive experience of similar work. Write, & Co. Ltd.. Glenny Road. Barking. 3958 giving full particulars of experience and work done, and A RMATURE-winding Working Foreman required for stating age and salary required, to—Personnel Manager, repair shop in South London. Good disciplinarian P.R.T. Laboratories Ltd., Common wood House, nr. and repair shop experience essential.—Box 5057, c/o The Chipperfield, Herts. 3953 Electrical Review. RAUGHTSMEN, preferably with telecommunications SSISTANT for sales department of company manufac­ D experience, required by large firm in the Midlands. A turing heat-treatment furnaces and electrical equip­ Maximum salary £350 plus cost of living bonus. Write, ment to prepare quotations and technical specifications giving details of experience, age, and salary required.— and assist in publicity work, preparation of catalogues, etc. Box 11. r/o Thp Electrical Review Young man preferred. Replies should give fullest details RAUGHTSMEN (Senior) required for large A.C. and of education, previous and present positions and salary D D.C. machines, including turbo and waterwheel required.—G.W.B. Electric Furnaces Ltd., Dibdale Works, alternators, also for medium type A.C. and D.C. machines. Dudley. 3847 Applications from men with suitable technical qualifica­ A SSISTANT Bookkeeper (Lady) required by City firm tions and good general mechanical drawing office experi­ of exporters. No Saturdays. Write—Box P.Y.R., ence will be considered. Salary dependent upon quali­ c/o 95. Bishopsgate, E.C.2. 3880 fications and experience. Apply, giving full details of A SSISTANT Designer, age 25-30, A.M.I.E.E. or equiva- qualifications, experience, age and salary, to Chief lent standard preferred, but not essential; with two Draughtsman, Engineering Drawing Office. The General years’ minimum experience in the electrical design of D.C. Electric Co. Ltd., Witton. Birmingham. 6 . 3576 traction motors and generators or medium type D.C. RAUGHTSMEN (Senior and Junior) required for machines. Salary £450-£550 p.a. inclusive, according to D permanent positions in development section of age and experience. Permanent pensionable opening. manufacturers of light engineering products. Opportunity Write full details of age. education, training and experience to participate in experimental development with excellent to—Box 3936. c/o The Electrical Review. prospects. Modern factory. 5-day week. Write with full A SSISTANT Electrician for paper mill. Experience in details to—Box 3903, c/o The Electrical Review. A.C. and D.C. power plant essential. Apply in LECTRICAL Machine Design. Old-established firm writing to—Chief Electrical Engineer. Guard Bridge Paper E requires young Engineer with good experience on the Company Ltd., Guard Bridge, Fife. 3910 design of induction motors. Give chronological details T>OMBAY. Transformer Manager required for large of career, particulars of technical training, and salary industry to take charge of design and production of expected.—Box 3928, c/o The Electrical Review. power transformers, 500 kVA at 33 kV max. Salary LEC. Motor Winding, Repair and Manufacture Fore­ £1.600-£1,700 per annum. Free passage. Apply, giving E man wanted, experienced fractional and medium full particulars—Box 3930, c/o The Electrical Review. sizes. Small shop. London district. Partnership basis could LERICAL Assistant required for stores office. Must r-onpirWpd.—Box 3749. c/o The Electrical Review. C have good knowledge of electrical material.—London T^LECTRICAL Shop and Showroom Manager or Electrical Co.. 92, Blackfriars Road, S.E.l. 104 Manageress. Good class business. Must have had Z^IOIL Winding Foreman required by The Phoenix Tele- experience. Knowledge of radio an advantage, but not ^ phone & Electric Works Ltd. at their works at The essential.—Warrington Electrical Co. Ltd.. 129-131. Hyde, Hendon, London, N.W.9. Must be experienced in Bridge Street. Warrington. 3909 all types of coils used in the manufacture of telecommuni­ X^LECTRICIAN. able to drive, fully qualified to under- cation equipment. Apply in writing, giving full particulars take general wiring, installation, maintenance and and salary renuired. 3887 repair work. Market town in centre of Yorkshire dales.— /CONSULTING Engineers. London, require fully-experi- Siddalls Electrical Sales & Service, Leyburn, Yorks. 5042 enced Electrical Draughtsman for design of all types LECTRICIAN. Good opportunity for capable man of lighting and power installations. Details of experience E desiring responsible position in small, soundly and salary required to—Box 5060, c/o The Electrical established London business.—Box 5056, c/o The Elec­ Review . trical Review. /COSTING Engineer required by East Anglian manufac- LECTRICIANS wanted for London contractor, must ^ turers of light engineering products. Must be capable have thorough knowledge of trade. Good prospects of estimating operation times and material costs from to live men. Telephone for appointment. Cun. 2401. 3966 preliminary drawings only. Experience with sheet metal T^NG IN EER required for administrative post in Research fabrications, pressings and diecastings an advantage. and Development Department of large light electrical Reply, stating age, experience and salary required, to— engineering company in Middlesex. Age 25-35, honours Box 3881 .c/o The Electrical Review. science graduate, preferably with research and practical TAESIGNER required for manufacturers of electric motor production experience. Salary in the region of £700 to starters. Only those with actual design and/or manu­ £800 to commence. Candidates not possessing these quali­ facturing experience in electric motor starters need apply, fications should not apply. Testimonials are not required with full particulars as to experience, qualifications, salary at this stage. Please apply, giving full details of age. required, etc.. to—Box 3907. c/o The Electrical Review. Qualifications and experience, to— Box 3892, c/o The TAESIGNER wanted, experienced in complete design of Fler’trical Review. three-phase motors up to 150 b.h.p., to take charge T^NGINEERS and Draughtsmen are invited to apply to of production in small works, Yorkshire district.—Box 3888. c/ o The Flectrical Review. a large electrical engineering firm in the Midlands TAESIGNER-Draughtsman. capable of taking charge of which has vacancies in the switchgear department for Technical Sales. Contract. Costing and De=ign Engineers; switrhgear development up to 11 kV. required by also experienced Technical Engineers capable of handling firm in Midlands. Good salary and prospects. Housing large projects for generation, transmission and distribution. accommodation for suitable man. Write—Box No. 324, Vacancies also exist for Draughtsmen for circuit diagram 8 . Serle Street. T.ondon, W.C.2. 3795 and veneral work.—Box 69. c/o The Electrical Review. TARAU1GHTSMAN wanted for electrical installation work in large steel works in Sheffield. Experience "f^NGINEERS required for research and development desirable in plant, substation and distribution layouts. department of a firm in the London area. Previous State age, experience and salary required.—Box 3990, c/o experience on the development of electronic components The Electrical Review. necessary. Applicants should write, stating age and ex­ TARAUGHTSMAN with experience of H.T. and L.T. oil perience. to—Box 3929. c/o The Electrical Review. circuit breakers and metalclad switchgear required INEXPERIENCED Men required at pumping and sealing- for South Midlands. Technical man preferred. Write, -*-J in for lamp or vacuum flask manufacture. Good giving details of experience, technical education, age and wages and suitable housing accommodation available. salarv reouirpd.—Rox 3841. c/o The Electrical Review. Apply, giving full particulars, to—Laurance Smith Ltd.. TARAUGHTSMAN and Estimator required, experienced Drove Works. Newbaven. 3 95] -L / in layout of lighting and power installations. West T^IRST-class Electrician wanted, used to installation London area. Write, stating age. experience, etc., to— -1- work. Permanent post for rieht man. Apply—R. J. Box 3905. c/o The Flectrical Review. K ptup Si Co. Ltd.. Coalville, nr. Leicester. 9926 TARAUGHTSMEN (Mechanical) required in the engineer- ■CELAME-proof. Air Break, Switchgear DesTgner-Draughts- ing department of departmental store. State salary man. generous salary, good prospeets. 5 -day week. and experience. Apply—Chief Engineer. Lewis’s Ltd.. Assistance with housing. Write—Box No. 323. 8 , Serle Ranelagh Street. Liverpool. 3920 Street, London. W.C.2. 3790 December 13, 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 6 5

'C'OREMAN lor Armature Winding Department. Must T AMP Manufacture. Established and expanding con- J- nave experience ol tne manuiacture of fractional ti.p. cern in India requires Factory Manager with at least A.C. and D.C. motors. Good opportunity for right man. ten years’ experience in the production of electric lamps Good salary and bonus paid.—Box 3697, c/o The Elec- and radio valves. Must be practical man thoroughly trical Review. familiar modern equipment and technique. Applicants, /^EN ERA L Manager is required by Aluminium Wire & in confidence, should state age and experience in detail. ^ Cable Co. Ltd. (promoted by the British Aluminium Address—03R8, Wm. Porteous & Co., Glasgow. 5053 Co. Ltd., Tube Investments Ltd. and Hawker Siddeley T ARGE electrical engineering organisation requires Aircraft Ltd.) to take charge of this new company, which ^ Public Address Equipment Engineers for service work will be engaged in the manufacture of aluminium cables in London and the Provinces. Applicants should have and rod and wire in all forms in light metals. Applicants experience of public address work and should be capable must have administrative experience to exercise all the of surveying proposed installations and planning the functions of chief executive. Should preferably also have appropriate equipment required. Please give details of some technical and production knowledge and must be experience, age and approximate salary required to—Box available to take up duties within three months. Appli­ 186, Dorlands. 18/20, Regent St., London. S.W.l. 3709 cations will be treated confidentially and should be sent ]\/T ANAGER or Manageress of good appearance and to the Secretary, Aluminium Wire & Cable Co. Ltd.. Room •L’-1- personality required for high-class electrical and radio 369, Salisbury House. London Wall, E.C.2, envelopes retail and art goods business, 30 miles from London. Must being marked “ G.M.” in the top left-hand corner. 3919 be thoroughly capable and able to take full control. Write TNDIA. Prominent British manufacturers invite appli- with particulars, stating age. experience and salary re­ cations for the following technical staff for switchgear quired.—Box 115, c/o The Electrical Review. and transformer manufacturing works in India: Works 1>JINE Senior Draughtsmen required for steam turbine Manager; Chief Transformer Designer; Chief Switchgear design and detail at our Rugby works. The Engineer-Draughtsman. The range envisaged is trans­ opportunity to gain experience in this class of work is formers up to 1,500 kVA, 22 kV, and switchgear up to also offered to men with first-class general mechanical 250 MVA, 11 kV. Applications, which will be treated in drawing office experience. Good prospects and security strict confidence, should give full particulars regarding for suitable men. Apply—The English Electric Co. Ltd., age, education, experience and salary required, to—Box Queens House. Kingsway, London, W.C.2. 3983 3875. c/o The Electrical Review. /^OPPORTUNITY occurs for a live practical man to NDUSTRIAL undertaking operating in Near and Middle take control of a small industrial rewinding business I East invites applications from Electrical Engineers of promise with financial interest to suitable applicant.— with the following qualifications for appointment to posts York Autolectrics Ltd.. Piccadilly. York. 5038 in its overseas organisation: (a) Extensive and practical “DOW ER Station Electrical Maintenance Engineers experience in medium-sized H.T. and L.T. Diesel-driven required for modern power station in the Middle generating stations, distribution systems and switchgear, East. Candidates should have served a full apprentice­ together with drawing office and general administrative ship with a reputed company of electrical engineers and practice; age desirably not exceeding 40; (b) Practical had subsequent experience in the maintenance of power experience in operation and maintenance of Diesel-driven station electrical equipment, particularly metalclad alternators up to 300 kVA, L.T. o/h and u/g mains, switchgear for high voltages. Higher or ordinary National switchgear. internal wiring, and general administrative Certificate in Electrical Engineering. Age 30-35. Attrac­ routine; age limit 34; (c) Technical and administrative tive salary in sterling plus allowance in local currency. experience in electrical generation, transmission and dis­ Free furnished bachelor accommodation. Free medical tribution from 22.000 v. A.C. to 400/230 v. from stations attention and passages. Kit allowance and Provident of at least 40,000 kVA capacity, industrial installations Fund benefits. Apply, stating age. qualifications and using motors up to 500 h.p., domestic equipment and experience, to—Dept. F. 34. Box 3952, c/o The Electrical wiring, and drawing office; age limit 34; (d) Practical Review . experience in maintenance of transformers and switchgear e p re s e n ta tiv e s wanted. Electric lighting fittings. up to 22.000 v. and motors up to 500 h.p.; age limit 34. R London and Midlands. Experienced. Car owners. Candidates for (a) (b) (c) should possess a degree in elec­ State salary.—Box 5061, c/o The Electrical Review. trical engineering and/or A.M.I.E.E. or equivalent. For EQUIRED immediately, good Refrigerator Service (d) Higher National Certificate in electrical engineering. R Mechanic, with electrical knowledge and organising Basic salaries for entry at the limits shown would be ability. Able to drive van. with knowledge London. Must (a) £1,200, (b) £900. (c) £800, (d) £600. Free quarters be conversant with all types of refrigerators. Good com­ and certain other considerable allowances would be mencing salary with prospects.—Box 3926, c/o The additional benefits. The income tax payable in the areas Electrical Review. of employment is markedly less than that in this country. ESEARCH Chemist required for development work on Married applicants must be prepared to accept an initial R inorganic fluorescent materials. Experienced worker period of family separation. Replies, quoting PXF and preferred. accustomed to carrying out original investiga­ the letter symbols quoted, to—Box 1446, c/o Charles tions. Salary according to qualifications. Write, stating Barker & Sons Ltd., 31 Budge Row, London, E.C.4. 3891 age and particulars of experience, to—Personnel Manager. E. K. Cole Ltd.. Southend-on-Sea. Essex. 3663 OHNSON & Phillips Ltd. invite applications for the O ENIOR Clerk with knowledge electrical and radio trade. J following positions at their Charlton works: (a) import, export and estimating procedure required by Draughtsmen (Senior and Junior) for (1) Transformers up well-known . manufacturing engineers. Central London to 30.000 kVA and (2) Switchgear up to 11 kV, 250 MVA: district. Write, giving experience and salary desired, to— (b) Estimating Engineers for transformers up to 30,000 Box 3955, c/o The Electrical Review. kVA (c) Designer Engineer (Junior) for power factor ENIOR Designer-Draughtsman required for electrical correction capacitors; (d) Estimating Engineer for power S control gear. Knowledge of contactor design essential. factor correction capacitors. Applications, in writing, 5-day week and excellent prospects. Age over 35. Write should state full details of education, training, experience, details of experience, salary required, to—Box No. 327. age and salary required, and addressed to—Employment 8 . Serle Street. London. W.C.2. 3885 and Welfare Manager, Johnson & Phillips Ltd.. Victoria ENIOR Draughtsman required, experienced in outdoor Works, Charlton, S.E.7. 3901 S contract work, overhead line steel and wood pole, TUNIOR Assistant (Trainee) required for mains dept. underground cable installations and accessories. Applica­ of electricity undertaking in S.E.E. area. Technical tions, stating age, experience and salary required, to— education to H.N.C. standard essential, and engineering Employment and Welfare Manager, Johnson & Phillips shop or supply authority experience desirable. Commenc­ Ltd.. Victoria W’orks. Charlton. S.E.7. 3902 ing salary £208 p.a. (including bonus). Good prospects of EVEN Senior Draughtsmen required for steam turbine advancement. Apply, stating age and experience, to— S power station arrangements (plant and pipework Box 9999, c/o The Electrical Review. layouts, and associated details) at our Rugby works. ADY Demonstrator. Applications are invited for the The opportunity to gain experience in this special field L position of Electric Cooking Demonstrator by Messrs is also offered to men with first-class drawing office Moffats Ltd.. Blackburn, Lancs. Candidates should experience in marine arrangements, factory layouts, or be competent to give public lectures and demonstrations similar work. Good prospects and security to suitable anywhere in the British Isles, be of good appearance and men. Apply—The English Electric Co. Ltd.. Queens personality, and should hold some recognised diploma in House. Kingsway. London. W.C.2. 3984 domestic science and/or E.A.W. Certificate. .„ fy O WITCHGEAR & Cowans Limited require (a) Draughts- according to qualifications, and liberal expenses will be ^ men (Senior) with experience in H.T. metalclad switch­ paid. Successful candidate (preferably aged between 20 gear: (b) Draughtsmen (Senior) with experience in mining and 30) will also be eligible, after 12 months service, for type metalclad switchgear. G.E. switches, etc.; (c) Clerk participation in the Company’s Superannuation Scheme. for Switchgear Drawing Office to issne material schedules Applications in writing should be forwarded to Messrs. to shops, etc. Applications in writing, giving details of Moffats Ltd.. Skew Bridge. Blackburn, to arrive not later experience and salary required, should be addressed to— than December 27th. d y i4 Elsinore Road, Old Trafford, Manchester, 16. 3789 6 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6

fT^EOHNICAL Sales Engineer required in London by SSISTANT, fully experienced wholesale and retail manufacturers of f.h.p. motors. Previous experience A electrical trade, requires progressive position, London essential. Write, with full details of qualifications, salary or Surrey.—Box 9977, c/o The Electrical Review. required, age. etc.. to—Box 3827, c/o The Electrical p H IE F Engineer, M.N., First Class B.O.T. Certificate, R eview . ^ M.I.Mar.E., requires position ashore. U.K. Consider­ r r iHIE E Metropolitan Electric Supply Co. Ltd. has vacancies able experience large and small Diesel and petrol engines, forf two Showroom Attendants (female). Applicants, building and maintenance, boilers, refrigerators, mill who should be not less than 25 years of age, must have engines and plant, electrical machinery, etc. Adaptable passed a recognised course in domestic science or be pre­ to new processes, wide range considered.—Box 3925, c/o pared to take such a course in order that they may give The Electrical Review. advice to consumers on the use of electric cookers and X^LECTRICAL Engineer, A.M.I.E.E., Hons.B.Sc., with other apparatus, and if necessary conduct demonstrations. wide experience in switchgear and machines, seeks Applications, giving details of experience, if any. age and responsible position with switchgear manufacturers, con­ salary required, should be addressed to—R/F.13, Metro­ sultants, or as engineer to a large concern. Age 34. Sound politan Electric Supply Co. Ltd., 2/6 Windmill Lane. health. Prepared to go abroad.—Box 9958. c/o The Southall, Middlesex. 3982 Electrical Review. rpRAD E Counter Assistant required. Good knowledge T^LECTRICAL Engineer, Grad. I.E.E., age 26, works of electrical material essential.— London Electrical apprenticeship motor and dynamo manufacturer, Co., 92, Blackfriars Road, S.E.l. 125 subsequent experience on design, manufacture and repairs, RANSFORMER Design Engineer required, experienced excellent testimonials, etc., desires progressive technical T in all types up to 500 kVA. Promising and highly situation in U.K. Starting salary £350 p.a.—Box 9997, paid position. Write, stating age and experience to— c/o The Electrical Review. Brentford Transformers Ltd., Windmill Road, Brentford, "C'LECTRICAL Engineer, Grad.I.E.E., A.M.J.I.E., with Middx. 3867 practical and sales experience, desires post. Outside r j i^WO v Live Representatives, one for the South Coast, Sales or Representative’s position preferred. Midlands one for London area. Preference given to those used area. Electrical, mechanical and heating engineering to calling upon corporations and high-class electrical con­ experience.—Box 9996, c/o The Electrical Review. tractors. Travelling expenses, salary and commission paid LECTRICAL Engineer, 15 years, workshop apprentice­ to the right men. Apply—J. & N. Wade (London) Ltd., E ship, D.O. 2 years, mechanical & electrical welding, Electrical Wholesalers. 1073/5, Finchley Road, London, switchgear, specialist transformer engineer, able teach N.W.ll. 5041 electrical engineering or mathematics. Home or abroad. T\^ELL-known electrical engineering company have Progressive post.—Box 9968, c/o The Electrical Review. * * vacancies for suitable lads, over 15 years of age, T^LECTRICAL Engineer, 21 years’ experience all types with Matriculation or General School Certificate, for wiring, cooking, heating installations and main­ Apprenticeship in the above industry. Good rates of tenance, desires change to post where executive ability, pay and living accommodation provided.—Box 3784, c/o experience and honest endeavour would be appreciated.— The Electrical Review. Box 5048, c/o The Electrical Review. "ITTEST Africa. Practical Electrician with experience LECTRICAL Engineer (24), tech. degree, 2 years’ ’ * of rewinding A.C. and D.C. motors and knowledge E apprenticeship large electrical works, subsequent of general workshop practice, preferably with domestic experience A.C. and D.C. ship propulsion, dredging drives refrigeration knowledge. Age under 30. Commencing etc., desires post in South Africa.—Box 5064, c/o The salary from £500 to £600 per annum, according to age and Electrical Review. experience. Tour of 21 months with leave on full pay. T^LECTRICAL Engineer, 36. 5 years’ college training. Free passages, furnished quarters, medical attendance, 12 years’ experience technical sales, estimating separation and children’s allowances and membership to tenders, orders, industrial motors and ancillary equipment, pension fund. Write, giving full particulars, to—Box including fractionals, seeks progressive permanency.—Box 1452, c/o Charles Barker & Sons Ltd., 31, Budge Row, 5023. c/o The Electrical Review. London, E.C.4. 3890 NGINEER, 35, B.Sc., A.m.I.e.E., experienced auto­ TXTORKS Supervisor required by London manufacturers E matic control gear and general electrical engineering, seeks situation of responsibility, maintenance large ** of electric control gear. Must have good practical organization or manage small concern. Capital investment experience, with comprehensive knowledge of production control and machine shop practice, allied with general considered.—Box 9976, c/o The Electrical Review. electrical knowledge. Reply, giving details of experience, T^X-Branch Manager of electrical wholesalers seeks post, salary required, to—Box 3782. c/o The Electrical Review. sales, buying, manager, or travelling. Four years manager with Superlamp Ltd. Age 37 years, married, OUNG Meter Engineers wanted for manufacturers’ ex-R.A.F. Over 20 years’ experience. — J. Banks. 63. Y office in Home Counties. State age, training, experi­ Consfleld Avenue, New Malden, Surrey. 9955 ence. and salary required.—Box 9993, c/o The Electrical T^XECUTIVE (39) seeks progressive permanent position. R eview . B.Sc., A.M.I.E.E., extensive experience in design, APPOINTMENTS FILLED development, industrial research. Modern mass produc­ Dissatisfaction having been so often expressed that un­ tion methods as applied to public address equipment, radio successful applicants are left in ignorance of the fact that components and precision electrical measuring instruments. the position applied for has been filled, may. we suggest Experienced sales, purchasing and business management. that Advertisers notify us to that effect when they have —Box 5040, c/o The Electrical Review. arrived at a decision? We will then insert a notice free pU LL-tim e Agency wanted, London and the South, by of charge under this heading. London engineer with own house, car and telephone. A.M.I.E.E., public school and university background; OX 498, c/o Dawsons—Assistant Control Engineer; 2 0 years sales engineer for well-known motor and starter B City of Bath—Deputy City Electrical Engineer. manufacturers. Excellent credentials. — Box 5035, c/o Assistant Mains Supt. and Testing Engineer (Mains): The Electrical Review. County Borough of East Ham—Installation Engineer and T ADY, Ex-W.R.N.S. Draughtswoman, used to per- Rotary Substation Attendant; Sheffield Corporation— spective drawing and tracing, requires post, Power Installations Engineer and Installation Engineer. demanding initiative and ability.— Box 9972, c/o The All applicants are thanked. Elpctrical Review. SITUATIONS WANTED TVTECHANICAL Engineer, age 38, 10 yrs.’ Colonial Govt, service, comprehensive practical experience Works Manager desires change. Accustomed to com­ maintenance and operation of Diesel-electric gentg. (and A plete charge of extensive factory producing telephone pumping plants), seeks position, preferably where housing cables, cords and insulated wires. Position must com­ available.—Box 9992, c/o The Electrical Review. mand a salary in keeping with applicant’s status.—Box "OOSITION on clerical, accounting or showroom staff 5002, c/o The Electrical Review. of -1- electricity supply undertaking, contractors or m an u ­ DVERTISER (30) seeks responsible position on main­ facturers, by experienced Sales Representative. Health A tenance and construction. No travelling. At present impaired for outdoor work only by 6 years’ war service in charge of electrical maintenance of 8 w orks; 10 y e a rs’ (army). Excellent references, holder of E.D.A. domestic experience of installation and maintenance of automatic certificate and diploma; varied previous experience in control devices and contactor gear.—Box 9957, c/o The accounts and office work. Linguist, widely travelled.— Electrical Review. Box 5000, c/o The Electrical Review. DVERTISER, age 38. seeks position. 20 years’ con­ "PRODUCTION Engineer/M/c Shop Supt. (45), eight A tinuous experience as manager in retail radio and yrs.’ executive, light enging., seeks re-engagement, electrical trades.—Box 5063 c/o The Electrical Review. capable of complete control of medium size m /c shop (300 SSISTANT Contract Supervisor (25) requires progressive employees). Rate fixing, production control, planning A post with electrical contractors, preferably Southern (methods) and some jig and tool design. Free Dec. 1.— England.—Box 9983, c/o The Electrical Review. Box 9979, c/o The Electrical Review. December 13, 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 6 7

PRODUCTION Executive (35). whose career has been A -C. and D.C. Motors, all sizes, large stocks, fully entirely devoted to the production of precision guaranteed.—Milo Engineering Works, Milo Road. instruments and domestic appliances and who can produce East Dulwich. S.E.22 (Forest Hill 2278-9). 102 on own initiative through all stages any light electro­ A C.-D.C. Generating Set; input 400/3/50, slipring mechanical project, wishes to take a production appoint­ type; output 63 kW, 60 v.. 1.000 amps.; on bedplate. ment with a medium or small but established and Complete.—The Electroplant Co., Wembley. 3939 expanding company. The most important feature to be A.C./D.C. 5-valve Superheterodyne Sensitive 3-wave the prospect over the next 10 years and a limited amount of capital could be invested. The advertiser is conversant Band Receiver. Excellent tone. Attractive modern with the latest production methods and processes and cabinets in “ Plastele ” or polished wood, £16 16s. Usual works office procedure. His record to date being really trade terms and facilities. Early delivery. Trade only.— convincing.—Box 9975, c/o The Electrical Review. Morgan, Osborne & Co. Ltd., Southview Road, Warling- ham, Surrey. no "R EPRESENTATIVE, with large connection wholesalers A .C. Motors, l/75th h.p. to 5 h.p., all voltages. Also ,7 °ver whple sçuthern half England, wishes contact reliable manufacturing firm, domestic lines and accessories. D.C.—The Johnson Engineering Co., 319, Kennington Own car. Immediate sales guaranteed. Available at once. Road, London. S.E.ll. Telephones. Reliance 1412/3. 57 References. Manby, Norman House, Westbourne, near .C. Slip-Ring Motors. 517 h.p., 3,300/3/50 cycles. Emsworth, Hants. 5008 A 580 r.p.m.. L. D. & M .; 340 h.p., 400/3/50 cycles. REPRESENTATIVE (30), experienced supply company 1.450 r.p.m., Harland; 260 h.p.. 400/3/50 cycles. 580 r.p.m.. L. D. & M .; 170 h.p., 400/3/50 cycles, 960 r.p.m.. routine (incl. showroom) as consumers’ adviser, has Met.-Vick.; 150 h.p., 400/3/50 cycles, 580 r.p.m., Har­ practical experience of installations and apparatus. Seeks land; 100 h.p., 400/3/50 cycles, 360 r.p.m., B.T.H.; 2 prospects S. London or near. Min. £350 p.a.—Box 5051, c/o The Electrical Review. 75 h.p., 400/3/50 cycles, 580 r.p.m., Crom.-Park.; 35 h.p., 400/3/50 cycles, 580 r.p.m., Brook; 2 35 h.p., ALES Manager-Engineer, 39 years old, desires change; 400/3/50 cycles, 9<60 r.p.m., Fuller.—Newman Industries S 23 years’ experience cables, radio, electronics, instal­ Limited, Yate. Bristol. 3992 lations, O.H. and U.G., construction. Good connections A TTRACTIVE Electrical Hall Lanterns available from home and export. Minimum salary £1,000 p.a.—Box 9964, stock at reduced price.—Reeves Electrical & Radio c/o The Electrical Review. Co. Ltd., Baldock, Herts. 3933 ^ENIOR Design and Development Engineer, 44, wide, A UTO Bulbs. Side and Tail and Head Bulbs, prompt varied experience light electronmechanical design and delivery. Wholesalers send purchase tax number production, electronics, plastics, D.O. organisation. At for samples and price.—J. N. Somers Ltd., 10/12, Crickle- present witn large world-famous concern, seeks executive wood B'roadway, London, N.W.2 (Tel. GLA. 3005.) 5033 post with smaller, progressive firm. London or near.— Box 5026, c/o The Electrical Review. RATTERY Chargers for home and export, 4 models, 2-6-12 v., 1, 2 or 4 amp. D.C., any mains voltage. OENIOR Draughtsman, age 26, desires change of occupa­ Generous trade terms. Write for catalogue.—The Banner it tion. Experience in radio and heavy electrical engi­ Electric Co. Ltd.. Hoddesdon, Herts. Tel.: Hoddesdon neering. Any progressive position considered.—Box 5046, 2659. 97 c/o The Electrical Review. YATORKS Manager, A.M.I.P.E., M.I.E.C.E., specialis- EEANTEE Festoon Striplight Holders, made of X20 ing in economical mass production electrical and B Bakelite, for use with 7/.029 T.T.R. cable, require light mechanical parts, seeks responsible position. London no tools or screws for wiring. Immediate delivery of any area preferred ; sound experience modern production quantity. Passed by the fire authorities. Used by cor­ methods; excellent references.—Box 5032, c/o The porations and supply companies all over the world. Large Electrical Review. quantities of British made Electric Lamps and Cable always in stock.—The Beeantee Illuminations (London) F O R S A L E Ltd.. Temporary Address, 6 , Upper Street, Islington. London. N.l (Phone, Canonbury 4555). 71 Traders buying and selling hereunder must observe the ELT Grinders or Sanders, 4" wide belt. £6 : 6 " wide Restriction of Resale Order, S. R. & O . 1942 No. 958. B belt, £14 15s.—John E. R. Steel, Clyde Mills. Bingley. SHEFFIELD CORPORATION ELECTRICITY DEPT. Phone 1066. 52 T3RAIDED V.I.R. Cable, size 3029, in 200-yd. coils. Price 30s. per coil, carriage extra. In excellent con­ Contract No. 726—Neepsend Power Station : dition, deliveries from stock.—Cox & Danks Ltd.. Plant Sale of Redundant Plant as Scrap & Machinery Department, Faggs Road, Feltham, Middx. (Phone, Feltham 3471). 3783 HHHE Electricity Committee invite tenders for the .T.A. A comprehensive service is now available for purchase and removal of: 2 Turbo-Alternators and B all classes of tools and equipment for the accumu­ Ancillary Plant. 12,500 kW ; 5 Boilers and Ancillary Plant, lator trade. — B.T.A., 246, Cavendish Road. London, 40,000 lb./hr., 200 p.s.i.; 3 Electric Feed Pumps; 1 Steam S.W.12. Tel. : Balham 6691/2. 10 Feed Pump; 1 Feed Tank; 2 Ash Suction Plants; 3 Ash URDETTE & Co. Ltd. stock Reconditioned A.C. and Hoists; 2 Ash Ropeways; 1 Passenger L ift; 2 Steam Cranes B D.C. Motors and Starters equal to new. Day and night and Grabs; 1 20-ton Crane; 1 Pressure Reducing and service.—Stonhouse St., Clapham, S.W.4. Mac. 4555. 17 Desuperheating Plant; Circulating Water Screens and . & W. Water Tube Boilers for disposal. Two 50,000 Pumps; Piping; Spare Motors, Valves and Parts. B lbs. evaporation, 310 lbs. w.p.; two 50.000 lbs. A schedule and specification of the plant for disposal evaporation. 220 lbs. w .p.; four 30,000 lbs. evaporation. is available on application to the undersigned and the 260 lbs. w.p.; one 20,000 lbs. evaporation. 175 lbs. w .p.; plant may be inspected by appointment. one 12 ,0 0 0 lbs. evaporation. 20 0 lbs. w .p.; two 16,000 lbs. In the execution of the work of removal, the successful evaporation, 190 lbs. w.p.; one 9/10,000 lbs. evaporation. tenderer will be required to comply with the Standing 200 lbs. w.p. We install complete, including brickwork. Orders of the City Council relating to standard rates of Economisers, Pumps. Piping, Valves, Generating Sets and wages and conditions of labour. The Corporation reserves Motors in stock. Please send us your enquiries; we can the right to accept tenders for the whole or part of the give immediate delivery.—Burford, Taylor & Co. Ltd., plant referred to. Boiler Specialists, Middlesbrough. Telephone, Middles­ Tenders to be forwarded to the Town Clerk, Town Hall. brough 2622. 32 Sheffield. 1, enclosed in the official envelope provided, ENTRI. Pump, 2£" bore, driven by Crompton 220-v. which must be sealed and bear no name or mark indicating C D.C. 2-h.p. shunt motor, good condition, 1944. What the sender, and received by him not later than first post offers?—Fletcher, 5. Park Crescent, London, W.l. 5007 on Wednesday. 15th January. 1947. Tenders received .C. Motors, new. 200/230 volts. 1.400 r.p.m.; 8 to 31£ after the time stipulated herein will not be considered. D h.p., also 110 volts. D.C., 21 h.p., several available JOHN R. STRUTHERS. with starters.—Stewart Thomson & Sons (L’pool) Ltd., Commercial Street. General Manager Fort Road, Seaforth. Liverpool, 21 (Bootle 2697) or Dacre Sheffield. 1.______3895 House. Victoria Street, London, S.W .l (Abbey 4017). 96 Cooksley & Co. Ltd. offer large selection of used RLECTRIC Furnace Control Panel, suitable for 2 J-J furnaces, by Wilde Barfield, with Cambridge A • Electric Motors. A.C. and D.C. Write—21/25. recorders and thermostats, unused.—W. H. Sugden & Co. Tabernacle Street. London. E.C.2 (Monarch 3357/58). 46 Ltd.. Glenny Road, Barking. 3957 Superior Streamlined Toaster in one-piece die-cast A aluminium, with attractive mirror finish. Pric^ RLECTRIC Lamps, Flashlights. Flashlight Bulbs, Port- 39s. 6 d. subject. Immediate delivery. Sample, 31s. Cash able Fires. Accessories. Prompt delivery.— Suplex with order.—Metropolitan Distribution Ltd.. Truro. 94 Lamps Ltd., 50. Gray’s Inn Road, London, W .C.l. .C. and D.C. House Service Meters, all sizes, quarterly Holborn 0225. 116 A and prepayment, reconditioned, guaranteed one year* LE C T R IC Motors, 1 / 3 h.p., 3,000 r.p.m., D.C. 110 Repairs and recalibrations.—-The Victa Electrical Co.. 47. E volts. Also 220 volts. Stock delivery, £6 each.— Battersea High Street. S.W .ll. Tel. Battersea 0780. 19 John Steel, Clyde Mills, Bingley, Yorks. 84 6 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6

T^LECTRIC Motors and Dynamos. We hold one of the LUORESCENT fittings from stock: Hicraft Ballast largest stocks of new and secondhand motors. Second­ F Units, 200/210 volt or 230 volt, and industrial (wide) hand machines are thoroughly overhauled. Inspection and type trough refiectors in stoved and enamelled white and tests can be made at pur works. For sale or hire. Send green finish, £5 10s. each in lots of six. Also Ballast your enquiries to— Britannia Manufacturing Co. Ltd.. Unit with white ceiling strip fitting, £4 15s.—R. L. ‘22-26. Britannia Walk. City Road. London, N.l (Phone, M clntire, Campden,* Glos. 9897 5512-3 Clerkenwell). 13 LUORESCENT Lighting. Self-contained Ballast Units T^LECTRIC Motors, A.C. and D.C. We supply all types F by Hi-Craft. Complete with Glow Starter Switch and sizes of electrical machinery. Slow speed reduc­ and Power Factor Condenser for 80-watt tubes. Supplied tion gears can be supplied to customers’ requirements with from stock.—Scemco Ltd., 6/7, Soho Street, London. W.l. short deliveries. Send your enquiries to—The Electro Tel. GER. 1461. 121 Power Co. Ltd. (formerly Be-Be Engineering), 3, Retreat Tf'LU ORESCENT Lighting Fittings. Extensive range, Close, Kenton, Middx. (Wordsworth 4928). 42 including Trough and Flush type, fitted with “AH in T^LECTRIC Motors. One 15-h.p., 220 or 440 v., 1-ph., One ” “ Constead Unit,” and complete with tubes. 1,400 r.p.m., R.I Century Motor with starter Write—Scemco Ltd., 6/7, Soho Street, London, W.l. (£120): Fourteen i-h.p., 110-v., D.C., 1,700-r.p.m., Ball­ Phone. GER. 1461. 100 bearing Totally-enclosed Motors £12 10s. each; Three Case OR sale in Guernsey, Channel Islands: 1,200-kVA Fans. Sirocco Runnefs, fitted with 1 h.p., 3-phase motors, F Geared Steam Turbo-Alternator by A.E.G. in 1943, 2,800 r.p.m., 110 or 440 v. (£32 each).—Burdette & Co. 400 v., 3-phase, 50 cycles, steam pressure 450 lb. running Ltd., 150 Clapham Manoi Street, S.W.4. 3730 at 7,000 r.p.m., alternator 1,500 r.p.m., star connected, ELECTRIC »Velding Plant, Engine and Electric, A.C. with surface condensing plant; 1,200-kVA self-cooled 1^ drivpn. 300 amps, output, complete with weather­ Transformer by Alsthom, Paris. 1943, for oil immersion, proof covers.—B'ox 34. c/o The Electrical Review. 400 to 6,000 volts, with tappings from 6,900 to 4,700 v.. IRE Elements. Good quality, pencil type. Wound connected star/star, 50 cycles; 900-kVA self-cooled F nichrome wire. 9£". 1 kW, 48/- dozen: 500 lots. Step-up Transformer, 220 to 6,000 v., 3-phase, 50 cycles, 3/7 each: 1,000 lots, 3/6 each; 5,000 lots, 3/3 each. for oil immersion, connected star/star; New 8 -panel High 8 ", 750 w., 42/- dozen; 500 lots, 3/1 each; 1.000 lots, Tension Switchboard; 5-ton Hand Overhead Traveller, 3/-; 5,000 lots, 2/9. Quotations for other sizes. 60' span. 2 0 ' lift, lattice steel construction, operated from Immediate delivery all sizes. Carriage paid 500 and over, ground; Two, as new, 75-tcn Hand-operated Travelling otherwise 4/2 per 100 extra. Samples 5/- each.—The Gantry Cranes, 40' span. 20' lift, fabricated steel con­ Wellco General Supplies, New Close, Knebworth, Herts. struction, approx. weight 35/40 tons; Good Secondhand 5029 Locomobile Type Compound Condensing Steam Engine LUORESCENT Chokes, 80 watt Low noise level, tor and Boiler by Heinrich Lawy, built 1919, for 170 lb. F satisfied users; long life, (or low replacement costs, working pressure, cylinders 10" and 20" dia. x 24" stroke, characteristics matched with lamp, for raWi lamp life and two 10' flywheels and surface condensers; Three 3-ton light output. Prompt deliveries.—Micramatic Ltd., Meico Electric Portal Type Level Luffing Dock Cranes, 52' Works. Congleton, Cheshire. 73 lattice steel jib, with portal 18' high x 28' wide. 440 v. “C^LUORESCENT Lighting. Constead Units for sale. D.C.—Reed Brothers (Engineering) Ltd., B'evis Marks Dispenses with all starter gear and gives instantaneous House. London, E.C.3. 3896 lighting, prevents maintenance worries, each unit guaran­ X^ROM stock, i-h.p. Electric M otors: 200 Brook Motors, teed. Apply—Scemco Ltd., 6/7, Soho Street, London. W .l J- flange mounting, single-phase (1 hour rating), various (Tel. GER. 1461). 117 voltages from 200 to 250, 1,500 r.p.m. Apply by letter. OR quick sale: D.C.C., S.C.C. and Resistance Wires. —Messrs. Arthur Dodgson, Whitefield Works, Victoria F Copper Wire, D.S.C., 16, 18. 19. 20. 21, 23, 26. 27. S treet. N elson. 3889 29. 30. 31. 32, 36, 37, 39, 40 s.w.g., .021", .019" dia. .E.C. Infra-Red Electric Stoving Oven, 6 kW, 240 v. S.S.C.. 31. 38 s.w.g. D.C.C., 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 , 7. 8 . 9. G A.C. Stoving capacity 2' x 2 ' x 1'. £60.—Words­ 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 19, 20. 21. 22, 23. 24 s.w.g.. w orth 4474. 5049 .030", .034", .038". .052", .060", .068". .084", .096", .108" f^}_ E.C. Transformers (pair), 200 v., 2-phase, 346, 3-ph., dia. S.C.C.. 11. 12, 16. 17. 18, 19. 20. 21, 22. 23. 24. am p. 62 x 41, kBA 25, incorporating Scott connec­ 25. 26. 27. 28. 29 s.w.g. Copper Cord, braid, 392/43 tions.— Paragon (Leeds) Sheet Metal Company Ltd.. s.w.g., copper. Copper Braiding, 24/90/006. Wire B runsw ick R ow , Leeds. 2. 3932 Copper Tinned, 33 s.w.g. Fuse Wire. 1 amp. Aerial ENERATING Sets. Lister Diesel. 12.5 kVA, Wire, each of 400 yds., 7/023. enam. and 7/19 bronze; G 230/1/50.—Fyfe, Wilson & Co. Ltd., Bishop’s 3/040 P.B., bronze; 28/35 w/clip for kite aerial, bronze. S tortford. 3971 Resistance Wire. 12. 14. 16. 17, 20. 21. 22. 23, 26. 29. /^J.EORGE Cohen, Sons & Co. Ltd. for guaranteed Elec- 34, 36, 37, 39. 40, 47 s.w.g., 80/20, copper nickel. trical Plant. Motors, Generators. Switchgear, etc.— D.S.C., 23£, 2 8 i, 30, 21 s.w.g. Resistance Wire, oxi­ Wood Lane, London. W.12 (Telephone, Shepherds Bush dised. .0156 dia., 29, 21, 24, 30 s.w.g., oxy.-ferry. 2070) and Stanningley, near Leeds (Telephone, Pudsey Resistance Wire. 6 strands, .080", .0064" dia. Wire 2241). Established 1834. 27 Copper. 1/21 s.w.g., 100. Enamelled Copper Wire, XTARTLEPOOLS Machine Shop for any small machinery stranded. -7/030/-19/032. aerial. Aerial Copper Wire. A J- castings in iron, orders of 50 thousand to one 100. Enamelled Copper Wire, specially stranded, -3/3/3/ million wanted. Enquiries to—T. Moore, 61. Crathorne 3/3/3/38. 31/38-3/3/3/3/38, enam. and str., left bare; Crescent. M iddlesbrough. 9935 31/38-3/3/3/3/38, enam. and str. and cott. braided; XXEAVY duty Arc Welding Plants, 200 amps. Price 27/38, enam., str., D.R.C.; 9/38, reg. cel. enam. and £36 10s. complete. Also Spot Welders, £48 10s.— double covered varnished. Enamelled Copper Wire, John E. R. Steel. Clyde Mills, Bingley. Phone 1066. 50 18/38, enam., str., D.S.C., O/A; 729/38, enam., str.. cott. braid, O/A: 243/38, enam., str.. left bare; 243/38, XXOUSEHOLD Electrical Appliances a speciality. A enam., str., cott. braid, O/A; 9/36, enam., S.R.C. str.: AA variety of 1-kW and 2-kW Electric Fires (portable 27/36, enam., str. S.S.C.. white, 3/3/3/36, D.S.C. and and inset types). Artificial Coal Fires, Boiling Rings and varnished. Aerial Wire, 190 lbs., 243/36, enam. S.S.C., other Portable Heaters and Cookers; Hot Plates. str. and cott. br. Fuse Wire, various, 1 am p. to 108 Radiators, Convector Heaters, Kettles; a variety of amp., approx. 1 ton. for sale as one lot. Nickel Wire. Electric Irons; Table Lamps and Shades, Radios. Moving 14 s.w.g. Armature Binding Wire, 17, 22. 26 s.w.g. Coil Pick-Ups, Fans, Hair Dryers; Accessories, Flexibles. Copper Wire. 62 strand. .010 yd. Copper Earth Wire, Switches, Torch Cases and Lighting Batteries. New 7/.036 yd. Tinned Copper Wire, various. 16 to 46 s.w.g., articles added to list weekly. Lists and illustrations on approx. 1,600 lbs., to be sold as one lot. Tinned Copper application.—Brooks & Bohm Ltd.. 90. Victoria Street. Wire (Fuse). 18, 19. 20, 22, 24, 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. London, S.W.l. Phone. Victoria 9550-1441. Inland Telegrams: Beebatts. Sowest, London. 66 32, 35, 36. 38, 39. 41 s.w.g. Copper Wire, S.C.C., 15 s.w.g.. 19 lbs.; 17£ s.w.g., 550 lbs.; 18i s.w.g., 610 lbs. TMMEDIATE disposal, approximately 30 lbs. of Enam. Wire, S.C.C., 13 s.w.g., 210 lbs.; 14 s.w.g., 170 -1- .025" x .002" 80/20 and 65/15 Resistance Ribbon.— lbs. Enam. Copper Wire, 19 s.w.g., 880 lbs.; 21 s.w.g., Box 3960. c/o The Electrical Review. 373 lbs. Brightway Nickel Chrome Wire, 16. 17, 18. 19, 20. TUNCTION Electric Irons, superior design and quality. 21. 26 s.w.g. Wire. D.C.C., 29 s.w.g., 64 lbs.; 30 s.w.g., supplied with suitable stand. Also Junction Nickel- 45 lbs.; 31 s.w.g., 18 lbs.; 32 s.w.g., 17 lbs.; 33 s.w.g,.plated Torch Cases. Supplied for home trade and export. 85 lbs.: 35 s.w.g., 65 lbs.; 36 s.w.g.. 40 lbs.; 38 s.w.g..Distributors—Brooks & Bohm Ltd.. 90. Victoria Street. 35 lbs.; 39 s.w.g., 40 lbs.: 40 s.w.g., 35 lbs. Hard Copper London. S.W.l. Tel. Vic. 9550. 49 Strip, 1.3/16 X .025. 182 lbs.; 1.3/16 X.109, 182 lbs.—T Goodman (Radio) Ltd., 9. Percy Street. Tottenham London Central Radio Stores, 23, Lisle Street, London, -i-4* Court Road. W .l. are sole London agents for the W.C.2. 3824 " Midco ” Elongated Fluorescent Choke and Fluorescent T^RINGES, Braids, Tassels for lampshades always in Starter Switches. Museum 0216. 76 stock.—Philip Cohen. 77, Great Portland Street. ADDERS, single and extension, from—Ramsay & Sons London, W.l. Langham 1385. 38 L (F orfar) L td .. F o rfar. 9004 December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 6 9

T AEGE number of Plating and Anodising Generators, X> OTARY Converter, D.C. to A.C., medical supply, . UP to 1.200 amps., for the most part unused. Send 200 v., 9.5 a. to 136 v., 11 a., with staiter. Over­ requirements to—Fyfe, Wilson & Co. Ltd Bishop's hauled. £17 10s.—A. E. Co. Ltd.. 18/19, Bellevue Road. Stanford. Tel. B.S. 1000/1. 3968 S.W .17. 3722 T AKGE quantity 138a Stalloy Transformer Laminations, L> OlARY Converters in stock, all sizes; enquiries also quantity 2 mfds., 1.000-v. oil-filled Condensers. invited. — Universal Electrical, 221, City Road, 25 d.s.c. wm, 16 s.c.e. wire, perfect condition.— London, E.C.l. 16 Champion. 43, Uplands W'ay, N.21 (LAB. 4 4 5 7 ). 5031 T> OTARY Converters, 200-kW, 6.600/3/50 input. 230 T ESLIE Dixon & Co. for Dynamos. Motors. Switchgear, -L*' volts, 2:wire D.C. output, complete with Trans­ A-J Chargers Telephones etc.—214, Queenstown Road. former and switchgear, seen running in Liverpool. 2,000- Battersea. S W.8 . Telephone. MACaulay 2159. 18 kW, 6,600/3/50 input, 418/462 volts, three-wire D.C. 1\/| ONOMARK. Permanent London address. Letters re- output, complete with transformers, starting panels, D.C. 5s' P'a- Wr‘t>*—BM/M0N053. W.C.l. 68 machine panels. First-class condition. Two sets avail­ ly.TOTOR Generator, make E.C.C. Generat r. B.H.P. able.—Stewart Thomson & Sons (Liverpool.) Ltd.. Fort 40. volts 100/105 D C., revs. 950. Motor, kilowatt Road, Seaforth, Liverpool, 21 (Bootle 2697); or Dacre ™ 4s *4,40 rei '? \ 95 9- Complete with switchgear. House, Victoria Street. London, S.W .l (Abbey 4017). 72 W. Butler & Co. Ltd. Springfield Brewery. Wolver­ ^ACKS and Bags in excellent condition for all com- ham pton. 3 9 g l k-J modities, as low as 4d. each. Write—John Braydon ]%/!"OTOR Generator Sets and Convertors, all sizes ami Ltd., 230, Tottenham Court Road, W.l. Tel. No. LTJ- voltages from i kW up to 500 kW in stock.— Museum 6972. 79 Britannia Manufacturing Co. Ltd.. 22/26, Britannia Walk. QELF-Priming Electric Pumps, 300 g.p.h., £14 5s.—John City Road. London. N.I. Telephone. Cierkenwell 5512. ^ E. R. Steel, Clyde Mills. Bingley. Phone 1066. 53 5513 & 5514. 2« INGLE-Phase Slip-Ring Induction Motors. 1 30 h.p., ~Y/TOTOR. 3-phase, 50 cycles, 32 b.h.p., cont. rate, 400 S 1,000 r.p.m., 200/400 volts by Brook; 1 15 h.p., volts. 950 r.p.m.. in new condition. Apply to— 1,500 r.p.m.. 200 volts by Brook; 1 15 h.p., 1,450 r.p.m.. Carswell. Kerr. Mackay & Boyd, Solicitors. 50. Welling­ 200 volts by A.S.E.A.; 1 15 h.p.. 950 r.p.m., 200 volts ton Street, Glasgow. C.2. 3947 by Fuller; 1 3 h.p., 1,450 r.p.m., 460 volts by Hopkinson, OTORISED Bench Drilling Machine, 13 speeds. Squirrel Cage. All the above motors fitted with ball M £15 5s.—John E. R. Steel, Clyde Mills, Bingley. and roller bearings.—Oldfield Engineering Company Phone 1066. 51 Limited, 96, East Ordsail Lane, Salford, 5. 3987 AMEPLATES, Engraving, Diesinking, Stencils, Steel OLIP-Ring Motors. 400 volts, 3-phase, 50 cycles: 3 N Punches.—Stilwell & Sons Ltd.. 152. Far Gosford Crompton Parkinson, 90 h.p., 580 r.p.m.; 3 E.E.C.. Street, Coventry. 14 100 h.p., 720 r.p.m. The above complete with E.A.C. XTISSEN Type Huts, secondhand, 24' X 16', £52; pillar type stator rotor control units, automatic type floor 36' x 16', £72. Plasterboard Huts and other build­ mounting. Alternators. 400 volts, 3-phase, 50 cycles: ings now available, some with floors. Prompt despatch 1 Brush Revolving Field Alternator, 275 kW. 600 r.p.m.. arranged and no licence required. Inspection welcomed three-bearing type, complete with switchboard; 1 as or write for full list from—J. Thorn & Sons Ltd.. Box 80. above, but 30 kW, 1,500 r.p.m., complete with switch­ Brampton Road, Bexleyheath, Kent (Telephone, Bexley- board.—Oldfield Engineering Company Limited, 96 East heath 305). 47 Ordsail Lane. Salford. 5. 3719 NE 2-Cubicle B.T.H. Mercury Arc Rectifier. 150 kW. PIRAL Elements for electric fires, boiling rings, and O type G.H.620, form B. Each cubicle output 75 kW. S other appliances, supplied to order.—Electrothermal vrits 230, amps. 326. Complete with transformer and Engineering Ltd., 270. Neville Road. London. E.7. 54 bulbs. New in 1938. Little used. Purchaser to remove QPIRALS, first quality. 500, 600, 750 and 1,000 watt. fr.m existing site. Price £600.—West Gloucestershire ^ all voltages, for immediate delivery.— Box 59, c/o Power Co., Ltd., 126. London Read, Gloucester. 3961 The Electrical Review. NE 36 h.p. D.C. Motor. 480 volts. 66 amps. 490 r.p.m. TAFF Time Checking and Job Costing Time Recorders O at full load. Inter-pole ventilated type with S (all makes) for quick cash sale. Exceptional con­ 12" x 14" pulley and slide rails, also one floor mounting dition. Write — Box 528, Smiths. 100, Fleet Street, type starting panel comprising starter, no vo't and over­ London. E.C.4. 31 load trips, circuit breaker, isolator, amp meter and push TEAM Generating Plant. The following is a selection button control.—Lloyd’s (Newport) Ltd. Brewers, New­ port. Mon. 9984 S of sets available in our comprehensive stock : 2.000-kW SMOR Radio Heart equals complete first-class 5-valve B.T.H. Turbo-Alternator, 6.600/3/50, 180/210-lbs. pressure, complete with surface condenser and all auxiliaries, seen O Superhet, positively only small condensers and resist­ running. 1.250-kW Brush Ljungstrom Turbo-Alternator. ances to find. Super-efficient components. Building in­ 400/3/50, 200 lbs. pressure, complete with surface conden­ structions. £5 16s. Cabinets. Trade invited.—Morgan ser and all auxiliaries, seen running. 750-kW Adamson/ Osborne Ltd., Southview Rd., Upper Warlingham 2560. Mather & Platt High-pressure Pass-out Turbo-Generator. Surrey. 101 200-lbs. initial steam pressure, passing out 25.000 lbs. per HONE 98 Staines. 90-kW Ruston Diesel Set. 110 vo. hour at 80-lbs. pressure, 500 volts, three-wire D.C., with P D.C.; 25-kW Mirrlees ditto. 110 vo.; 7/9-kW Ruston balancer, complete with surface condenser and all auxili­ ditto. 110 vo.; 5-kVA Ruston ditto. 400/1/50; Weir Feed aries. First-class condition. Full particulars from— Pum p, 8 J" x 6" x 13".—Harry H. Gardam & Co. Ltd.. Stewart Thomson & Sons (Liverpool) Ltd.. Fort Road. Staines. 60 Seaforth. Liverpool, 21 (Bootle 2697); or Dacre House, LATING Dynamos (2), 94 volts. 900 amps., 1,000 Victoria Street, London, S.W.l (Abbey 4017).. 98 P revs., B.B.. unused, by Cromptrn-Parkinson. also numerous D.C. Motors from 1 h.p. to 50 h.p. cheap to SUPERIOR Type Builders' Ladders now in production; clear.—W. H. Sugden & Co. Ltd., Glenny Road, Barking. ^ also Steps. Trestles and Extension Ladders. Phone— 3956 Shaftesbury Ladders Ltd.. 453. Katherine Road. E.7. LATING Generators, unused, several ranging from 350 Grangewood 3363/4. 15 P to 700 amps., 6 to 12 volt, plain or with A.C. or ANGYE VCR5 50-h.p. Diesel Engine directly coupled D.C. motor drive. Particulars from—Stewart Thomson T to 30-kW, 220-volt D.C. Dynamo with Switchboard. & Sons (Liverpool) Ltd., Fort Rd.. Seaforth. Liverpool, 21 —S. C. Bilsby, Crosswells Road, Langley Green, Near (Bootle 2697); or Dacre House, Victoria Street. London. Birmingham. 3834 S.W.l (Abbey 4017). 63 ran sfo rm er “Welders” to Bss/i7i/i936 4 kVA. LATING SETS. Two 600 amp. and one 1.200 amp. T 1-phase. 50, type AN. 400/230-0-90 volts, excellent P output, complete with direct-coupled A.C. motors; condition, £50, carriage paid. Apply—J. Thorn & Sons immediate delivery.—Fyfe, Wilson & Co, Ltd., Bishop’s Ltd., Brampton Road, Bexleyheath. Kent (Bexleyheath Stortford. 3973 305). 122 .V.C. Flex and Bell Wire, coloured and transparent, WO 12.5-kW Compound D.C. Mawdsley Generators, P single, twin, triple and four-core, large variety, from T 220 volts, 57 amps., direct coupled 4-cylinder Hyland 6s. 9d. per 100 yds. Send 6d. for samples and lists. engines with self-starters, charging 24-volt dynamos, bat­ Also in stock. Electric Clocks, Heating Pads, Fires, Ext. teries. built 1944, good condition. W hat offers?—Fletcher. Speakers,. Plugs, Sockets, Cable, Accumulators, etc. 5. Park Crescent. London. W.l. 5006 Northern Industries, 199 Broughton Lane. Salford 7. 3424 NUSED D.C. Motors, mostly with starters; Fourteen EBUILT Motors and Generators. Long deliveries can U 21 h .p.. 220 volts; two 22 h .p .. 220 volts; six 26 R often be avoided by purchasing rebuilt secondhand h.p., 220 volts; one 31.25 h.p., 220 volts; six 21 h.p.. plant. We can redesign or replace surplus plant of any 105 volts; one 22 h.p., 110 volts, and many others.— size. Send us your enquiries. Over 1.000 ratings actually Fyfe, Wilson & Co. Ltd., Bishop’s Stortford. 3970 in stock here.—Dynamo & Motor Repairs Ltd.. Wembley NUSED 80-h.p. Brook Motor, 440/3/50 at 480 r.p.m.. Park. Middlesex (Telephone, Wembley 3121. 4 lines) : also U slip-ring; also 30-h.p. reconditioned Mather & Platt at Phoenix Works. Belgrave Terrace, Soho Road. Hands- Motor, 440/3/50 at 720 r.p.m., slip-ring.—Fyfe. Wilson worth, Birmingham (Telephone, Northern 0898). 26 & Co. Ltd.. Bishop’s Stortford. 3972 7 0 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6

T J ACUUM Cleaner Parts. Hoses, braided, all diameters. 1 B.T.H. 230/1/50 Alternator, 9 kVA. 1,500 r.p.m. * Commutators, bearings, fans, carbon brushes, driving 6 230/1/50 Extractor Fans by Verity, 18" dia., belts, brushes, attachments and fittings for all makes. 700 r.p.m. 1 B.T.H. M.G. Set, input 400/3/50, out­ Wholesale only. Send for price list.—Vacuum Cleaner & put 2.5 kW, 110 volts D.C. 1 Crompton Parkinson M.G. Electrical Supplies Ltd., 543, Moseley Rd., B’ham, 12. 80 Set, input 440 volts D.C., output 12/16 volts, 30 amps. ACUUM Cleaner Spares and Accessories. Bags, bear- D.C. 1 Newton M.G. Set, input 220 volts D.C., output “ ings, belts, brushes, fans, switches, etc. Repairs, 90 volts, 190 amps. D.C. 1 David Brown Radicon rewinding, rebristling. Send for price list.—Reliance Reducing Gear, output 4 h.p., input speed 1,450 r.p.m., Vacuum Cleaner Service, 152-154, Broadway, Bexley- reduction ratio 46:1. 1 Heybeard Rectifier, input heath, Kent. 93 230/1/50, output to suit 26 cells, 7.5 amps., charge cur­ rent with trickle charging device. 1 D.C. Welding EE Meggers, 500 v., in case, £12 5s. 6d .; Record Generator by Electromotors, 4.4 kW, 29/70 volts, 1,200 W 500-v. Test Set. £11. C.O.D. (new).—Robins. 222, r.p.m. with exciter. 1 Crompton Parkinson M.G. Set, West End Lane, N.W .6 (HAM. 0879). 82 input 400/3/50, output 60 volts, 400 amps, with direct .1 -h.p. Motors, 230-250 volts, 50 cycles, split-phase, start- coupled exciter.—Oldfield Engineering Company Limited, 4 ing torque 225%, sleeve bearings, automatic thermal 96, East Ordsall Lane, Salford 5. 3988 protection. These motors are brand new and manufac­ 8 -b.h.p., 440-v. D.C., 1,440-r.p.m. Motor by Aston- tured by English Electric. A few are available for Verity, ball race, screen protected. Condition as new. immediate delivery at £7 10s. each net. Carriage paid 1 for lots of 12 or more.—Waltman Electrical Co., The £45.—Box 3876, c/o The Electrical Review. Mall, Chiswick, W.4 (Chiswick 4542). 3718 Berry-type Air-cooled Transformers by British Electric "I 20-h.p., 400/3/960 Fuller Slip-ring; 2 High Pressure 2 Transformer Co., 2,000 volts to 200 volts, 2-phase, J- Blowers. 400/3/2.800, 1" outlet; 1 32-h.p., 200/2/ 50 cycles. 200 kVA output.—Box 5030, c/o The Elec­ trical Review. 1.440 Squirrel Cage with oil starter; 2 Electric Hoists, Kohler 100-volt, l£-kW Automatics, ex. cond.—Box 3 ton and 30 cwt., 400/3/S.R.; 1 Power Press with 3-h.p. geared motor; various D.C. Motors.—Browning’s Electric 2 3916, c/o The Electrical Review. Co. Ltd. Grangewood 4003-4-5. 3917 -kW and 2£-kW, 230/250-volt D.C. Generating Sets, 5 complete with 4-cylinder, 10-h.p. Austin Engines, 1 240-h.p. L.D.M. Slip-ring Motor, 400/3/50, 725 r.p.m., with petrol tanks, radiators, fans and switchboards. Large J- complete with oil switch and liquid type rotor starter. number available.—Britannia Manufacturing Co. Ltd., —Oldfield Engineering Company Ltd., 96, East Ordsall 22/26, Britannia Walk, London, N.I. 103 Lane, Salford, 5. 3787 1 O " Double Bollard Winch, direct coupled 15-h.p., 415-v.. O-h.p. Lister Vertical Single-cylinder Oil Engine, No. CS. 3-phase slip-ring motor with Ellison oil-immersed 36281, radiator-cooled on combined baseplate, coupled control gear. Apply to—Express Dairy Co. Ltd., Elec. to 2.2-kVA, 230-volts, single-phase, 50-cycles dynamo, Dept., Claremont Road, Cricklewood, N.W.2. 3804 1.500 r.p.m., complete with switchboard, silencer and oil fuel tank; little used. Capel Type 2 LEV Vertical Water- 1 Cl-h.p. 2-speed S. Cage Motors, 960/475 r.p.m., L.D.M. cooled Twin-cylinder Petrol Engine, direct coupled to J-*-* b. brgs., 3 available. Price £50 each.—Electric 15-kW generator by Crompton. 230 volts D.C., 65 amps., Machinery Co., Union St., Ancoats, Manchester. 3950 750 r.p.m. 50-kW Diesel Generating Set, comprising gross of half-screen Candleshades in acetate and Fowler-Sanders totally enclosed vertical Diesel engine, parchment paper, good finish, for immediate ty p e 6 B.H., No. 2143, rated at 75 b.h.p. at 1,500 r.p.m., delivery. £7 4s. per gross and tax.—Box 3991, c/o direct coupled by a flexible coupling to 50-kW, 480/240- The Electrical Review. volts generator by Crompton Parkinson, 104 amps., con­ OK-h.p. Shunt Interpolar Motor by British Electric tinuous rated. No. F.122574, with oil-cooled static balancer, Plant Co., 550 r.p.m., protected, 250 volts; 60-h.p. back of board shunt field regulator; a three-wire system Slip-ring Motor by Siemens B t o s . . 300 r.p.m., protected, is obtained due to the static balancer; complete with air 480 volts, 3-ph., 50 cycles.—Guard Bridge Paper Company filters, Burgess exhaust silencer, cooling tanks, fuel tanks, L td ., G uard B ridge, F ife. 3911 switchboard; engine is push-button start from 2 1 2 -volt, ¿fit-kW Laurence Scott 210-volt, compound wound 100-amp. batteries; new 1941, and only run occasionally Generator, 440 r.p.m., £120, or near offer.—Daltons. for periods of 2 hours for warming up. Two 36-kW C anal S treet, N o ttin g h am . 3681 Diesel Generating Sets, comprising Paxman -Ricardo 'TC-h.p. ” Brittain ” 960-r.p.m. Squirrel Cage Motor for type 4.RG cold start vertical four-cylinder Diesel engine. • 415/3/50, with oil-immersed starter.—Thos. W. No. 1573, water-cooled with wet sump lubrication, horse­ Ward Limited. Lancaster Place, Strand. London, W.C.2. power 50/55 when running at 1,350 r.p.m., combined T elephone N o. T em ple B ar 9631. 3869 baseplate and direct coupled to 36-kW Harland open type compound wound generator for 300 volts D.C. supply. 1 Unused Flat Top Bogie Trolleys, oak platforms, No. OX.1822/3, with shunt regulator; with switchboard - L v / V J 5' x S' X 15£" high, oak bearers, swivelling dated 1940; overhaul completed 20/12/43, and unused bogie with 36" drawbar; with 4 iron wheels, 11" dia., since; engines sold separately. 22-kW Diesel Generating £7 10s. each; with 4 solid rubber-tyred wheels, 12" dia., Set, comprising Lister four-cylinder vertical cold start £10, delivered. Also 100 Unused Samson Type Trolleys Diesel engine. No. 60/9399, 1,100 r.p.m., direct coupled for machinery handling, oak, 22" x 17" x 5£" high, on fabricated bedplate to 22-kW Mawdsley screen protected 4 iron wheels 3" dia. and central wheel 3£" dia., 70s. each, compound wound generator, dated 1941, for 200/153/112 delivered. Inspection works. 40, Cuba Street. Millwall volts D.C., 0/152/203 amps., continuous rated, no switch­ (East 3958). — Reed Brothers (Engineering) Ltd., Bevis board; engine sold separately. 17-kW Diesel Generating M arks H ouse, L ondon. E .C .3. 3752 Set, comprising Ruston & Hornsby totally enclosed ver­ 1 1 i'Vh.p. Brush Electrical Slip-ring type Motor, for tical four-cylinder water and radiator-cooled Diesel engine, -*~LV/ 400/440-volt, 3-phase, 50-cycle supply, 410 r.p.m. size 4, Class VSO, No. 194748, 27 h.p., direct coupled on (no control gear), intermittent rating, approx. 95 h.p. combined baseplate to Lancashire Dynamo & Crypto 17- continuous. £240, or near offer.—Daltons, Canal Street. kW, 480/240-volts, 35.5-amps, open protected continuous N o ttin g h am . 3680 rated generator, running at 1,000 r.p.m., size D50A, O it/'V kW Rotary Converters (2), with transformers and No. 142516, dated 1938; complete with switchboard, fuel switchgear, input 6,600 volts, 3-phase, 50 cycles, tank. etc.; very little used. Vickers Petters Four-cylinder output 420/210 volts; also A.C. and D.C. Motors, Switch­ Vertical Diesel Engine, type c.84. giving 350 h.p. at 260 gear, Generating Sets, Welders, etc.—Midland Counties r.p.m., starting by hot plug from battery of approximately Electrical Engineering Co. Ltd., Grice Street. Spon Lane. 25 volts and air blast from bottle charged at approximately West Bromwich. 36 600 lb. per sq. inch; overall size approximately 16' x O £^0 yds. 3/029 Twin Lead; 36 Bakelite Pushbar 7 ' 6 " X 9' high; can be seen running by appointment. ¿ j t J Y J Holders; 12 5-lb. Domestic Irons, 230/50 v.; Mobile Generating Set, comprising Mark 4 VPBE Ruston 6 10-k Switchfuses. First offer £30.—P. D. Cramb. 136, combined vertical Diesel engine, size 2, Class P.S., Serial D udden H ill L ane. N .W .10. 5045 No. 204990/P.12/14721, developing 80 b.h.p. at 1.000 r.p.m., with electric flywheel C /vl/180, self-starter single- O A A -am p. Oil Circuit Breaker with neutral link over- stage vertical water-cooled air compressor combined with load trips and current transformers supply, petrol-paraffin engine, C.I. silencer fixed close to engine 3/50/440. Brand new. Offers to—Box 5055, c/o The and Burgess silencer. Tachometer, duplicate lubricating Electrical Review. and fuel oil filters. Engine direct coupled by flexible O K A 5-amp., 3-pin Plugs and Sockets, brass, water- coupling to 50-kW Mawdsley 230-volts, single-phase, 272- tight, Admiralty pattern backplate, or as cable amps. alternator. No. J.A.61001, with exciter, back of connectors, “ N iphan” ; Lead-covered Cables, also 300 yds. board type exciter rheostat. Engine and Alternator heavy 4-core Trailing Cab Tyre; Vertical Drill and Milling mounted' on a low loading trailer, fitted with road wheels Machines; quantity Admiralty 15-volt brass watertight with pneumatic tyres, fitted with hand lever brake, and Ship’s Bells, Gongs, 110 and 220 volt.—Box 3879, c/o complete with hinged covers. Quantity Spares, practically The Electrical Review. unused.—Thos. W. Ward Limited. Brettenham House. rCQfYvolt DC- Motors, from 2 h.p. to 30 h.p. Lancaster Place, Strand, W.C.2 (Temple Bar 9631). 3894 E n q u iries— C lerkenw ell 3000— E x t. 19. 5013 December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 71

yards 19/17-s. Cable, 4-core, paper, lead covered T>.V.C. Twin Flat, 14/36, transparent; Twin Twisted, u y and tape armoured, very little used; can be seen 14/36, assorted colours, and other P.V.C. Wires and working—Box 3986, c/o The Electrical Review. Flexes required in good quantities for expoit. Samples 1 Q z|_T Desk Diaries, 8" x 5", two days to page, patent and offers to—Box 3915, c/o The Electrical Review. # Plastic binding, gold embossed covers. 6s. each. EDUNDANT Stock of any kind. Metal Sheets. Bars, 3 for 16s. 6d., post paid.—Caxton Press, Shildon. 3882 R Rods and Offcuts of any description, any quantity.— O O O 8°°^ strong Crates, inside measurements 29" Eastern Scrap Metals Ltd., 3, Beaumont Court, London, ^ , X x 9|", i " thick, battened all round, E .5 . 3906 at Is. 9d. each, ex works.—K. Goldser & Sons. 14a, Rec­ 13EQULRED for export, 500 dozen Switch, 5 amps.. tory Square, London. E .l (Tel. Stepney Green 2550). 75 J-A 220 volts, bakelite cover, brown on white base, or t)U ,UO UO UO y^s* What 020 offers? Electrolier Box Fittings 3954f Wire, - new. -■ brown on brown; 20,000 yds. 1/044" Lead Alloy Sheathed c / o T he Twin Flat Cable, conforming to C.M.A. specifications. Electrical Review. Please communicate with—E. S. Mashal, 86, Alie Street, E.l (Telephone Nos. Royal 4405/6). 3582 ARTICLES WANTED TORAGE Battery, 110 volt, 150-200 ampere/hours.. A .C. and D.C. Motors and Transformers urgently S State condition and price.—Ernest Doe & Sons. wanted. Burnt-out machines acceptable. — Max Ulting, Maldon. Essex. 3934 Electric Co. Ltd.. 190, Thornron Rd., Croydon. 12 QURPLUS stock Enamelled Copper Wire, all gauges A .C. Motors, all sizes. Burnt out machines acceptable ^ wanted.—Ferro Metal & Chemical Corp. Ltd., 80, providing mechanically sound.—Fyfe, Wilson & Co. Coleman Street. London. E.C.2. 3886 Ltd., Bishop’s Stortford. 3969 P to 2 tons 65/15 24-g. Nichrome Wire. Offers invited. A .C. Motors, i-3 h.p. Best prices paid. Burned-out U Household Industries, 71-72, Piccadilly, W .l. 3949 accepted.—Harrower, Auchtermuchty, Fife. 5044 ANTED, D.C. and A.C. ball-bearing Motors. Full BOUT Fluorescent Tubes, top prices paid. Any quan­ W details to—Britannia Manufacturing Co. Ltd., 22/26, A tity, 10" and 12" pencil elements. Any electrical Britannia Walk, London, N.I. 29 surplus, etc. Write—Adams, 114, Stroud Road, Shirley, ANTED for export immediately, large quantities of Warks. 5058 Cord-Grip, Bracket §". and Batten type Standard CCUMULATOR Plates (old) and lead Peroxide; as B.C. Lampholders with Shade Carrier Rings in all-bakelite A actual smelters we pay top price. Also old storage and in polished brass. One-way and two-way 5-amp., batteries, transformers and whole installations purchased. 250-volt Surface Switches in all-bakelite and in bakelite —Elton. Levy & Co. Ltd., 18, St. Thomas Street, S.E.l. with porcelain base. 5-amp., 250-volt Wall Plugs and Hop 2825-6. 39 Sockets, surface pattern in all-bakelite and socket in lte rn a to r, singie-phase, 150 kV A , 4 4 0 /4 0 0 volt, bakelite with porcelain interior.—State price to Box 5059, A 50 cycle, any speed.—Box 3989, c/o The Electrical c/o The Electrical Review. Review. ANTED immediately: Secondhand copy of the Blue A NOTHER machine could go into production if power W B'ook of the Electrical and Engineering Trade Direc­ was available. Move your surplus A.C. Motor stock tory, 1941, and of the Trader Year Book. Good price back into work. All types, makes and powers urgently paid. Write, stating price expected.—Box 3948, c/o wanted. We will repair and rewind if necessary. Write, The Electrical Review. stating price, etc.. to—A. P. Watson, 104a, Upper Brook \\T ANTED. Rotary Converters, any size.—Universal, Street. Manchester, 13. 126 ** 221, City Road. London, E.C.l. 22 USTRALIA wants electrical appliances for 32. 50 and \ \ f ANTED urgently, any quantity Electrical Steel Sheet A 110 volts; small portable compressors; petrol engines in stalloy or similar quality. .020" or .014" thick.— or Diesels 4 to 10 h.p.—Midland Engineering Services Co., Rnx 3622. e/n The Electrical Review Exporters. 6, Market Place, Rugby. 3985 ANTED urgently. New or Secondhand Cable in good W condition : 120 yds. .25 sq. in., 3-core P.I.L.C.S.W.A. ABLE required urgently. 110 yards of three-core 0.5 and Served Cable; 150yds. .1 sq.in..3-core P.I.L.C.S.W.A. C square inch, paper insulated, lead covered, armoured and Served Cable.—Box 3781, c/o The Electrical Review. served.—General Textiles Ltd., Athlone, Eire. 3908 E are immediate buyers for electrical machinery and /LOOKER, Industrial, for about 40 meals.—Box 3884, W heavy power plant of all descriptions. Good prices ^ c/o The Electrical Review. offered for A1 plant.—G.P.U. Ltd., Wembley. Middx. 3940 LEC. Motor, 20 to 25 h.p., 200/230 v.. 1-phase.— 1 - to 1-h.p., 110-v. and 220-v. D.C. Motors or equivalent E U.. 1023, Garratt Lane, S.W.17. Bal. 3351. 3828 . 2 Dynamos.—Fyfe, Wilson & Co. Ltd., Bishop’s NAMEL Copper Wire, uncovered, all gauges, especially Stortford 3974 E 30. 36-38, 41, 45 and 48. Any quantity considered.-h.p., 230-v. A.C. or D.C. Motor.—Universal Electrical. —Box 3921, c/o The Electrical Review. 1 221. City Road, London. E.C.l. 25 NAMELLED Copper Wire, 44, 45 and 46 s.w.g., any Rotary Convertor, 400 kW, 6-phase, 230 volts D.C.. to E quantity purchased. Also require capacity for small 1 transformer, preferably transformer at 400 volts with Acetate Coil Bobbins.—Instrument Movements Co., St. star point brought out; 1 Rotary Convertor. D.C. 220 v.. Peter’s Road, Dunstable, Beds. 5052 A.C. 400 v.. 50 cycle, 3-phase.—William Tatton & Co. Ltd., Upperhulme, nr. Leek, Staffs. 124 NGINEERING Technical Books (new or secondhand) 12-h.p.. 3-phase. 50-cycles, 400/440-volt Squirrel Cage E wanted in any quantity. Attractive cash offers. Call 1 Motor; 3 8-h.p. ditto; 1 3-h.p. ditto.—Attenborough —Third floor, 356, Oxford Street, W .l, or “ Stoneleigh,” & Turpin. Go’dsmith Street. Nottingham. 3962 St. George’s Avenue, Weybridge. 62 ^Ti-15-h.p.. 230-volts, single-phase Motor and Starter IRE Bar Elements (Flat). 9" x 3", 1 kilo.; also 5 to • required in good condition.—Box 5062, c/o The F 15-amp. Switches. Large or small quantities. Offers Electrical Review. to—Supreme Electrical Manufacturers, 3. Downs Road. .1-h.p. Squirrel Cage Motors, foot or flange mounted. Epsom, Surrey (Phone, Epsom 1358). 9712 72 3-ph.. 50 cycles. 960/1.440 r.p.m.. 220/380 and/or LUORESCENT Lamps, 5 ft., urgently required, any 400/440 volts, in good condition.—T.M.A., Leatherhead F quantity, best prices paid. Collected London area.— Road. South Chessington. Surbiton. Surrey (Tel. Epsom Box 111, c/o The Electrical Review. 2634). 3361 LUORESCENT Tubes which have failed after service 1 r r f \ yards .3, 3-core L.T. Paper Lead Armoured Cable, F urgently required, 12s. dozen allowed, plus transport J- • " supply 400/3/50.—Wm. G. Walter, Engineers. costs.—Box 5036. c/o The Electrical Review. Tel. Bath 2246/7. 3877 AMINATIONS. Large types required in any reason­ A Q /V volt D.C. Motors. f. 1 and 2 h.p.: 220-volt D.C. L able quantities. T's and U’s; also 75’s and 4A’s.— tO U Motors. J. i. 1 and 2 h.p., any speeds 900 to Cornercroft, Fallibroome Road, Macclesfield. 95 1.500 r.p.m. Full details to—Industrial Electrical Co. AMINATIONS, type 29A. by magnetic and electrical Ltd.. Offord Street. London, N.I. 3777 L alloys, required. Any quantity or similar type con­ A n A 'k W Reciprocating or Turbine-driven Alternator. sidered.—Service Electric Co. Ltd., Abbey Mfg. Estate. O x J v f 440 volts. 3-phase. 60 cycles, 150 lb. pressure. Alperton, Middlesex. 3883 100° F. superheat; 1.200 kW ditto Set.—Box No. C.253. AMP Holders, 100 to 10.000. porcelain theatre type, Glovers Advertising. Mark Lane, Bristol, 1. 5050 L Edison screw pattern, front and back fixing type, urgently required. Offers, quoting specification, quantity, WORK WANTED AND ORFF RED price.—Box 3878. c/o The Electrical Review. DVERTISER wishes to place large and continuous ARGE exporters specialising in Machinery and Tech­ A orders for light precision Machine Moulded Castings L nical Equipment, etc., invite direct offers of available suitable for Vitreous Enamelling. Will guarantee 2 surplus stocks. No intermediaries.—Box 3943, c/o The years’ work.—Box 3859. c/o The Electrical Review. Electrical Review. RMATURE. Rotor and Stator Rewinds and Repairs; IX/TOTOR, 20 h.p.. 720 r.p.m. or slower, slip-nng, 440- A fractional to 100 h.p. Prompt deliveries.—T. A. 3-50.—Sugar Factory, Brigg. Lincs. 3944 Boxall & Co., Horley, Surrey. Phone 654. 9895 7 2 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6

A LL makes and kinds of Electrical and Radio Measuring ALES Organisation (Manchester office) seeks good-class Instruments repaired by skilled technicians, A.I.D. S agencies. Established connection Lancs., Cheshire, approved. All work quoted by return without charge. Derbyshire and Potteries.—Box PP0005. W. H. Smith & Also for sale, large variety of Voltmeters, Ammeters, Son L td ., M anchester, 3. 5039 Milli-ammeters, 2" an d 2 \ " dials, reconditioned ex-Air X\T ANTED, representation for whole of India, or a part Ministry stock.—C. Gertler, Dept. A, 29-31, Cowcross St., thereof, for Wires, Lamps, Accessories, Machines. E.C.l (Tel. Cle. 6783). 9670 Appliances, Meters, Water Coolers, Radio, etc. Please "DRISCOE Plating Co. Ltd. now have available capacity contact with full information, terms of representation, for Silver and Nickel Plating and quantity produc­ with samples where necessary, with—The Prabhat Electric tion of Electrical and Household Products, in which we Syndicate Ltd., Jain Wadi, Manekchawk, Ahmedabad are specialists. Enquiries invited to—3-5, Maddox Street, (In d ia). 5047 London, W.l. 123 ELL-known suppliers of Insulating Media require /CAPACITY available for coil winding, impregnating, W agent for Scotland to develop sales to electrical plant ^ engraving and light machine work.—Castlenau makers, electricity undertakings and larger industrial Instruments Ltd., 50, Glentham Road, S.W.13. 37 concerns.—Box 3769, c/o The Electrical Review. APACITY available for light assembly, February, C March. Some machining, London area.—Box 91, \\^H O LESA LE distributors possessing good organisation c/o The Electrical Review. ** and contacts in Eastern Counties wish to take up T^NGINEERS, Precision, South England, seek manu- agencies for sound quality appliances and accessories.— -*-4 facture of electrical, mechanical or domestic Box 9953, c/o The Electrical Review. assemblies or components. Press tools, gauges, small stampings, capstan turning, also Internal and External BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES Grinding. W rite—Box 74, c/o The Electrical Review. MPORTANT London export house requires first-class ACHINING Work, for Centre Lathes up to 6£ in. I manufacturers able to supply P.V.C. and V.I.R. M centres and medium-sized milling (good grade work Flexible Wires, Small Cables and all types of Domestic preferred).—The London Electric Firm, Croydon. Up­ Electrical Accessories for South America and Scandinavian lands 4871. 56 countries. Excellent prospects present and future business. QHOT Blasting and Metal Spraying. We are able to —Box 3942, c/o The Electrical Review. ^ undertake the efficient and prompt handling of all CEMCO Ltd., Fluorescent Lighting Specialists, wish to goods sent for treatment. Large capacity available. S contact manufacturers of electrical equipment and Enquiries to—Commercial Structures Ltd., Staff a Works, accessories, including “ Novelty ” and “ Improved ” Staffa Road, E.10. 112 appliances. Domestic fluorescent fittings and components of particular interest. When possible complete output will AGENCIES be taken, and full co-operation given in exchange for sole A GENCIES required for London, South of England, for distribution rights. Replies will be treated with strictest the following: (1) Domestic electrical appliances: confidence.—Man. Director* Scemco Ltd., Scemco House. (2) Brass electrical accessories, switch plugs, etc.; (3) Con­ 6/7, Soho Street, London, W.l. 119 duit. Advertisers have clientele with every wholesaler in the territory mentioned. Immediate turnover can be MISCELLANEOUS guaranteed. Either commission or buying basis. Post­ T> ATTERY Chargers Modernised. Your old Charger made war arrangements considered.—Box 64. c/o The Elec­ -■-* like new by specialists. Conversion from valve to metal trical Review. rectification. Send for interesting leaflet “Q.D.” on this A GENCIES required. South of England, including the service.—Runbaken Electrical Products. Manchester. 1. 45 London area; (a) Cables; (b) Small Switchgear; (c) TTTRE plant to solve your delivery problems. We have Transformers: or any lines suitable for distribution for set up a Special Hire Dept., where customers can wholesalers’ business.—Box 40, c/o The Electrical Review. obtain at moderate rates Motors, Generators, Engines, LECTRICAL wholesalers and manufacturers are etc., to satisfy their immediate needs. Please send your E requiring agents to call on retailers for all parts of enquiries, stating approx. hire period, to—G. P. U. Ltd., the country.—Box 3967, c/o The Electrical Review. (Hire Department), Wembley, Middx. Phone: Wembley "[EXPERIENCED Sales Engineer with leading manu- 3691; ’Grams: Powaguide. London. Maintenance and facturer, free to take additional agency (London service stations at Wembley. Huddersfield, Leicester and area).—Box 5037, c/o The Electrical Review. n ear W rexham . 3941 T ONDON company experienced in successful distribu- QHORTHAND Typists, Private Secretaries, Clerks, etc. tion of electrical products through wholesale trade ^ If you are in urgent need of staff, contact Embassy seeks sole representation for V.I.R. and P.V.C. Flexes Secretarial-Employment Bureau, Excel House. Whitcomb and Cables, Brass and Bakelite Accessories. Would con­ Street. W.C.2 (Whitehall 5924). We specialise in efficient sider Continental if import possible.—Box 81, c/o The personnel. 90 Electrical Review. T H E Electrical Branch of Messrs. Parsons & Sons, 8-10. ■A/TANUFACTURERS’ Agents, covering the whole of Kings Road, Swanage, Dorset, will be re-opened in Great Britain and Colonies, are desirous of contact­ January, 1947. on the return from the Forces of their ing manufacturers with a view to sole selling rights (either Mr. J. W. Parsons, A.M.I.E.E., who will be pleased to commission or buying), post-war arrangements considered. receive manufacturers’ and suppliers’ catalogues. 3893 —Box 23. c/o The Electrical Review. 1Y/TANUFACTURERS' Agents with offices London & PARTNERSHIPS South Coast, wish to hear of additional lines, in­ ^PE N IN G occurs for Electrical Engineer or man with cluding cables and domestic appliances, for sale to corpor­ electrical engineering knowledge suitable for con­ ations. wholesalers and retailers.—Box 9903, c/o The sultative work. Opportunity for investing approx. £2.000 Electrical Review. in progressive London firm with good contacts and 1\/rANUFACTURING and Distributing Company, cover- prospects. Directorship will be considered.—Box 5043. ing the British Isles, and haviog important export c/o The Electrical Review. connections, are desirous of handling additional products suitable for the electrical, hardware and ironmongery PATENT NOTICES trades, preferably sole distributing rights. Substantial T T is desired to secure the full commercial development contracts will be placed for suitable lines. Reply—Box in the United Kingdom of British Patent No. 556375. T.P.195, c/o Maurice Vernon Ltd., 2, St. Andrew’s Hill. which relates to Centrifugal Fans, either by way of the Queen Victoria Street. E.C.4. 61 giant of licences or otherwise on terms acceptable to the EPRESENTATIVES required all areas, with good con­ patentee. Interested parties desiring copies of the patent R nections, electricians, garages, ironmongers, engineer­ specifications should apply to—Stevens. Langner, Parry & ing works, etc. Car essential. Reply, giving full details Rollinson, 5 to 9, Quality Court, London, W.C.2. 3904 of past selling experience, age. etc., to—Box 105, c / o "|>JOTICE is hereby given that Standard Telephones & The Electrical Review. Cables Ltd. seek leave to amend the specification of HE Vulcan Trading Co. Ltd. (subsidiary of European Letters Patent No. 578208. entitled “ Method of making T international concern), with offices in Bombay, Cal­ Selenium Elements.” Particulars of the proposed amend­ cutta. Madras, Karachi. Lahore, Bareilly and Rangoon, ment were set forth in the Official Journal (Patents). desire agencies and invite offers from manufacturers and No. 3018, dated November 27th, 1946. Any person may exporters of Electric Home Appliances, Radio, Fans, give Notice of Opposition to the amendment by leaving Irons, Toasters, Washing Machines, etc., Electrical Fit­ Patents Form No. 19 at the Patent Office, 25, Southamp tings, Cables, Roses, Wall Plugs, etc.. Rectifiers for ton Buildings, London, W.C.2. on or before 27th December. battery charging, Cinema Arcs, Electric Plating, Electro- 1946.—H. L. Saunders. Comptroller-General. 3924 Medical Appliances, Cycle Dynamo Lighting Sets. Replies ATENT Agents.—A. E. Hill, Chartered Patent Agent, to—V. T. C., c/o Messrs. Trummer & Co. Successors Ltd.. P 27, Chancery Lane. London. W.C.2. Tele Chancery 15, St. Helen’s Place, London, E.C.3. 3927 8444. »8 1 3 , 1 9 4 6 December E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w 7 3

BUSINESS PREMISES I T^NGINEERING Careers and Qualifications. Both T^OR Sale only. Freehold Modern Building. 45,000 ^ Government and industry have announced and -L square feet, suitable for offices, warehouse or factory, ! emphasised that young men with technical knowledge complete with all services, central heating, sidings and and qualifications must receive every chance of rising to road facilities, situated centre of city in development the highest posts within their capacity in post-war area. Vacant possession. Also adjoining land for ex­ engineering and allied industry. W’rite to-day for “ The tension if required.—Box 3871. c/o The Electrical Review. I Engineer's Guide to Success ”—200 courses—free—which EDUCATIONAL NOTICES gives particulars of the first-class training supplied ATEST A.M.I.E.E. Results. In the examinations held by the T.I.G.B. for the A.M.I.E.E.. A.M.Inst.C.E., L by the Institution of Electrical Engineers 646 can­ A.M.I.Mech.E.. A.F.R.Ae.S., A.M.I.P.E.. B.Sc.iEng.), didates sat who had taken B.I.E.T. courses. Of these C. & G.. etc., examinations in which T.I.G.B. home-study students have gained 44 first places and over 1,000 passes. 620 were successful in passing the examinations. We believe The Guide covers careers in all branches. Electrical. this record of 620 successes out of 646 entrants has never Mechanical. Radio. Aeronautical, etc.—The Technological before been approached by any oral or correspondence Institute of Great Britain, 35. Temple Bar House, London, tutorial organisation, and indicates the very high efficiency E.C.4. 77 of the modern system of technical training which we have "DLASTICS offers particularly good prospects to experi- laid down. The B.I.E.T. tutorial organisation is waiting enced Engineers with a sound knowledge of Plastics to assist you either with a short specialist course or com­ Technology. Authoritative home-study courses are now plete training for a recognised examination. We have available in General Plastics and specialised branches of available a large full-time staff of instructors, while the the science. Full details of these courses and the prospects efficiency of our extensive organisation is a byword among in the rapidly expanding plastics industry will be found engineers. We guarantee—" No pass—no fee.” May we in our handbook “ Opportunities in Plastics ”—sent free send a copy of “ Engineering Opportunities” ? Containing on request.—British Institute of Plastics Technology a great deal of useful advice and detailed information on (Dept. 301), 17, Stratford Place, London, W.l. 3822 over 200 home-study courses and examinations, this hand­ book is of very real value to the ambitious engineer. Our BUSINESSES FOR SALE AND WANTED highly informative handbook will be sent free and without LECTRICAL Contractor’s and Retailer’6 Business, obligation on request.—British Institute of Engineering E Essex area, 40 miles London. Sound business, every Technology (established 1927— over 200,000 students). investigation and trial encouraged. Good lease and posi­ 12. Shakespeare House, 17, 18 & 19, Stratford Place. tion. Turnover approx. £10.000; goodwill £3,000; approx. Oxford Street. London, W.l. 33 S.A.V. £3.000.—Box 3922, c/o The Electrical Review. ^n geL U S ELECTRIC FIRES Efficient and Artistic

Make your post-war plans now for sales of Angelus Fires as they become available. INGRAM, KEMP & JOYNER London Office NEWTOWN ROW BIRMINGHAM 6 21 Gt. Suffolk St., S.E.I

CREOSOTED POLE f o r POWER LINES Telegraph Poles, Engineering and Constructional Timbers of Every Description. BURT. BOULTON & HAYWOOD Ltd BRETTENHAM HOUSE, WELLINGTON STREET, W.C.2 D e p o ts: LONDON NEWPORT.SOUTHAMPTON Et Telephone. Temple Bon ‘¡KOI /¡lines) Telegrams. Bunboul, Hand. London 7 4 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6

F0R_

Cables • Flexibles • Wiring Accessories Bakelite Accessories • Irons Kettles • Toasters • Fires • Convectors Vacuum Cleaners • Fans • Lamps Fluorescent Fittings and Control Gear Public Address Equipment Wireless Accessories • Square and Round Hollow ware for Electric Cookers Sole Scottish- Agents for AEROFIER

39-43 ROBERTSON STREET, GLASGOW. C.2 II COLLEGE SQUARE NORTH. BELFAST 66 CARTER LANE. LONDON. E.C.4 so, w / iff / n sr. //. iv. s. • ‘phone, ai/i .//4/ 2-4 YOUNG STREET, ABERDEEN BRYTERLITE ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES LTD. 59 DAME STREET. DUBLIN

PRECISION BUILT ROTARY SELECTOR SWITCHES Series M R L and HD Series MRL are designed for low power control circuits and provide for up to 50 contacts, and can be ganged when required. S e r ie s H D operate at currents up to 200 amps, and voltages of several thousands, according to type. LITHOLITE INSULATORS & Both Series can be supplied with or without ST. A LBA N S M O U LD IN G S LTD click detents. Some Models ex stock Designed and built by WATFORD WATFORD INSTRUMENTS 'P H O N E : W A T F O R D 4494 LOATES LANE, WATFORD, HERTS Telephone : W atford 3944 December 13, 1 946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 7 5

At present in production are two types of fluorescent \ chokes, types “ U ” and " S ” for use w ith 80 w att lamps. I Type " U ” is 3 X 3 J* X 4 |* and is for external use or with WITH THIS industrial type troughs. Type “ S ” is 2 " x 3 " x 8 * and is ft intended for incorporation in very shallow troughs—as H small as 2" deep. SENSITIVE jjj Type “ U ” has an external tapping block giving tappings ! j of l90/260v. Type “ S " is at present made for one voltage GRAMPIAN J only. Both chokes are made of first class materials, q vacuum impregnated and compound filled. They are if completely silent in operation, and conform with the MIKE usual high standard of W O D E N W orkm anship . Further details gladly sent on request. WODEN TRANSFORMER COMPANY, LTD. M OXLEY ROAD, BIL8TON, STAFFS. Tel.: Bilston 41959 The Grampian M. C. R. Type Microphone reproduces voices with that crystal clear­ Mui&core So'der contain? 3 co res of ness which gives full value to every word extra active non-corrosive Ersin Flux. No extra flux is required and joints can and accentuates the “ personality ” of the be readily made on oxidised surfaces. speaker. Those who still have “ make do ” The three cores of Ersin Multicore en­ nil sure rapid melting and flux continuity, microphones on their P. A. Systems, should thus speeding up soldering operations take advantage of this up-to-date, highly and eliminating waste. sensitive model which Grampian are now in a position to supply. The M. C. R. is mounted in a spring suspension frame with the Unit Assembly housed in cast metal case. In crinkled black and nickel standard finish. W rite for details now.

Type M.C.R. Frequency Range 80-7,500 cycles. Sensitivity Minus 45 d.b. Impedance 20 ohms. Size 2$ ins. by 3 i ins. frame, 6 ins. square with Base Adaptor threaded -fg ins. B.S.F. Weight 3i lbs. List £4-4-0.

6 » i v M p ' i V N

LOUDSPEAKERS GRAMPIAN REPRODUCERS LTD. Hanworth Trading Estate, Feltham, Middx. MULTICORE SOLDERS LTD. Phone : Feltham 2657/8. Gram s : R EA M P, F ELT H A M MELLIER HOUSE, ALBEMARLE ST., LONDON W .i Tel. REGent 1411 (P.B.X. 4 lines) Scientific G . 1 2 a 7 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1946 A Monument to Efficiency In a single passage through the Metafilter, transformer and heavily carbonized switch oils can be completely freed from all suspended impurities ; and all traces of sludge and moisture removed—a monumental tribute to the efficiency of the Metafilter. The Metafilter is economical and easy to operate; and can be used on switches and transformers while under load.

{Jeta fiitra tio fiç

T H E METAFILTRATION COMPANY LTD. BELGRAVE ROAD - HOUNSLOW - MIDDLESEX Telephone - - Hounslow 1121/2/3 Telegrams - - Metafilter, Hounslow

| | | - | | f I BENCH STAND RCH ! FOR USE WITH CABLE-STRIPPING TOOL

W e specialise in difficulties and are most contented when

tackling a Job that other people have dismissed as impos­

sible. The next tim e you have a pressing, spinning or This very compact stand, easily bolted stamping problem ... a really tricky one ... may we help? to the bench, has been devised for use Remember . . . we are specialists in every type of pressing, with our cable-stripping tool stamping, spinning, sheet metal, capstan and automatic work for the LIGHT ENGINEERING INDUSTRIES. Write for particulars to:

CABLE STRIPPERS LTD. OnHassell M.O.S.. M A P. and ADMIRALTY¿HYarper Lllt» I REGENT PLACE I R M I N G H A M LEIGHTON HOUSE, POTTERS BAR, MIDDX. m December 13, 1946 Electrical Review 77

INSULATED WIRE " AND CABLE

TELEPHONE & RADIO CORDS CABLES & FLEXIBLES

INSTRUMENT WIRES STRANDS & BRAIDS

L.P.S. ELECTRICAL CO. LTD. ALPERTON • WEMBLEY • MIDDLESEX 7 8 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1946

“HAILWARE” LIGHTING GLASS

HAILWOOD & ACKROYD LTD. GLASS MANUFACTURERS AND ENGINEERS

BEACON W ORKS • MORLEY • YORKS

LONDON BIRMINGHAM

ALBION HOUSE, SOMERSET HOUSE,

59 N EW OXFORD STREET, W.C.I TEMPLE STREET, BIRMINGHAM 2

Telephone : TEMPLE BAR 6594 & 7358 Telephone : MIDLAND 6014

>> LIGHTING GLASS “HAILWARE

ROTARY f 1CONVERTERS

A L L T Y P E S ALL VOLTAGES, ALL WATTAG

MADE TO LATEST A T Y P IC A L 250 V.A. ROTARY CONVERTER WITH B.S.I. SPECIFICATION RADIO FILTER UNIT Petrol Electric Generating Plants, H.T. Generators, D.C. Motors, Frequency Changers, etc., up to 25 K.V.A. Ensel Elec t r ic s CHAS. F. WARD 314. GRAYS INN R9 LONDON,VY.C I 37 WHITE POST LANE HACKNEY WICK, LONDON, E.9 t e l e p h o n e T E R m i n u s 6 2 5 5 / 7 Telephone : AMHerst 1393 «4 December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

—each piece forms the perfect pattern in modern lantern design • Magnetic control permits full light output from standard lamp used horizontally. The jig-saw pattern of • Efficient light distribution effected by horizontal light source. Class A Roads demands • Aesthetic appearance with design of pole. the efficient light dis­ • Scientific design of Refractor, with Broad Beam Distribution. tribution given by the • Controlled Cut-off, eliminating glare, whilst maintaining high M etrovick Trafford road brightness. L a n te rn ,

C O , L T D . NUMBER ONE KINGSWAY, LONDON. W.C.2.

S/Q607 80 Electrical Review December 1 3 , 1946

BI-METAL THERMOSTAT Processed Parts Precision Gauged «amin, CONTROLS « m m f o p | o CONDENSERS ,e tc FOR Bakelite |L Micanite | i DOMESTIC Sheet &• Machined Parts of all kinds. APPLIANCES

2 2 , Barbares, Christchurch. ELECTRO METHODS LTD. Hants “Telephone : Chrisfchurch I0J1 112 BRENT ST., HENDON, N.W.4 Electrical Insulation Specialists Telephone : GLAdstone 6611-2 December 13, 1946 Electrical Review 81

OMALLER - lighter - more versatile than ever - with a choice of 100 different speeds between 90 r.p.m. and 5 revs, per hour ; three- phase, D.C., and Universal m otors; all without change n e c o of dimensions. 1/8 h.p. at the final shaft GEDRED (KOTOR at 26 to 90 r.p.m., and 25 lbs. ft. at lower speeds. Oil- immersed silent spur gears ; ^ oil-sealed gear box ; ball ^ bearing famous NECOmotor. * 6 Unfortunately delivery % takes time, but it’s worth a small delay.

N O R M A N D ELECTRICAL COMPANY LTD. North Street, Clapham Common, London, S.W.4 Telephone: MACaulay 3211-4 8 2 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

ELECTRICALLY HEATED •* T K M S T A R ” (Patents Pending) FURNACES Fluorescent Lighting Control Gear

Bitch and Continu­ ous type Furnaces for all purposes. Temperatures to 1,000 1,100° C.

Other B-W Products

O VEN S. Alltypes

IMPREGNATORS

METAL POTS

GLUE & WAX KETTLES “ T R A N S T A R ” Control Gear operates IM M E R S IO N on the Davie-Lark system which H E A T E R S eliminates the usual starter. S O L D E R IN G The standard 80 watt U nit is totally IRO N S. Etc enclosed in an aluminium box 4 }" X Ask for List F/Eli 4" x 3-j", compound filled.

Sole Manufacturers : B A R L O W - WH ITN EY LTD STURDY ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. DIPTON, NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE. Tel. : Dipton 221 DART MILL LTD., BO LTO N , LA N C S.— Installation planned and executed by THE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT CO. LTD., LEIC EST ER 84 Electrical Review December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6

ETERÏTHIM 6 MAD A BEOINNDICi-

There may be some doubt as to who made When you hear heavy aircraft engines leap the first aeroplane that could rise in the air, into life, or see the navigation lights of but it is well known that we made the first aircraft, you can be certain that the energy is electrical accumulators to be fitted to British provided as a direct result of those pioneer aircraft, also the first British ground starter days of 1882, when P. & G. and E.P.S. Batteries, and the first British moulded produced the first commercial accumulators. battery containers. Our experience has been gained from the year 1882 when we made the first storage REPLATING batteries. They were used to supply light in Ensure long and reliable service by having the Royal Exchange, the Royal Mint, and your present batteries replated by us. other important buildings. PRITCHETT & GOLD and E .P .S . CO. LTD — formerly the Electrical Power Storage Co., Ltd. — MADE THE FIRST BATTERIES PG15/46 50, Grosvenor Gardens, London, S.W.l. Phone: SLOane 7164. Gram s: Storage, Sowest, London

FLUORESCENT u/4uf ffi& y tu e LIGHTING UNITS FROM STOCK—WITHOUT TUBES Send for Trade List ELECTRODE BOILERS

I

30 K .W . Boiler supplying steam for three pressing machines. Electrode boilers are the cleanest and most con­ venient sources of heat available. They need no boiler house, no chimney, no fuel store. There is no difficulty with fuel supplies and where supply companies have favourable rates, “ B. & A.” M O S S B R O S . boilers show great over-all economy. FOR STEAM SUPPLY 53 GOODGE STREET FOR HEATING & HOT WATER (6) TOTTENHAM COURT RD„ LONDON, W.l Telephone : MUSeum 5385 BASTIAN & ALLEN LT D ., 11 BEDFORD SQUARE. W.C.1 Northern Office: 62 Robertson Street, Glasgow, C.2 f ” Ijjj Decembei 13, 1946 Electrical Review

• HIGH OVERLOAD CAPACITY

• SMALL SIZE AND WEIGHT

• WIDE RANGE OF WORKING TEMPERATURE

• SMALL TEMPERATURE/RESISTANCE VARIATION

(RECTIFIER DIVISION) OAKLEIGH ROAD, NEW SOUTHGATE, LONDON, N.ll Telephone: ENTerprise 1234 Telegrams : » Essteecee. Telex. London " 8 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6

" 9 0 W E ft

The technicalities of modern power problems require not only a fund of detailed knowledge and experience but a continuous study of industrial economics .... Thereby, the purchase, installation, and consequent running of plant may be planned and carried through as one complete scheme, eliminating wastage of time, man-power and money. Backed by resources, research and experience, ‘ Electro Dynamic ’ experts are adept at solving the power problems of others ; suggesting ways and means best applied to existing conditions andj ensuring that economy is dovetailed with the maximum industrial efficiency. Whatever your problems, whether on installation or modification, we can assist you.

ELECTRO DYNAMIC CONSTRUCTION CO. LTD. OFFICES & WORKS: ST MARY CRAY, KENT & BRIDGWATER, SOM.

L.T.P.

FOR TRANSFORMERS CHOKES, MERCURY ARC RECTIFIERS

Write for latest Technical Brochure to ELECTRIC LIGHTING FITTINGS LONDON TRANSFORMER Pendants, W a ll Brackets, Table Standards, etc. PRODUCTS LTD. in W o o d and W ro u g h t Iron of Distinctive Designs COBBOLD ESTATE, WILLESDEN LONDON, N.W.IO KIROLITE (SALES) LTD. W il 6486 15 B u r y St., London, E.C.3. Tel.: Avenue 1443 December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 8 7

Advertisement ofThe General Electric Co. Ltd.. Magnet House, Kingsway. London. W .C .2

E t E lectrical Review December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6

puses

giEitSfCITY SERVICE

M A t« SWITCK

This modern unit provides a safe, neat and simple assembly superseding the often unsightly array of components employed in th e past.

Complies with E.D.A. Specification No. 1627.

W rite for details. December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w

I KNOW that EEKCO f t U U LAMPS are the biggest profit-makers in the Trade

. . . and their quality makes them prestige builders, too !

W rite to E.K.C.O for a full explana­ tion of the generous trade terms that mean extra profit in your pocket

E . K . COLE LIMITED CDS SOUTHEND-ON-SEA 9 0 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6

Manufacturers o f CONDUIT FITTINGS INDUSTRIAL & WATERTIGHT tWELL GLASS FITTINGS & ACCESSORIES DOMESTIC & HEATING APPLIANCES jBATTERY CHARGING E Q U I P M E N T HAND LAMPS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS

f T Y PE € - 6 a“ro ™ n B.T.80 A N N O U N C E AN ENTIRELY NEW R A N G E O F MERCURY IN GLASS THERMOSTATS AND SILENT MERCURY SWITCHES BALLAST A Self-contained drive unit for 80-watt Fluorescent tubes ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE Incorporates choke, P.F. and R.l. WILL BE SENT ON condensers and starter gear REQUEST Simplifies installation HIGH EFFICIENCY COOL RUNNING. SILENCE ENGEL & GIBBS LTD. SAXON COMPONENTS LTD. 983-5 FINCHLEY RD., LONDON, N.W .1 1 66 Victoria Street, London, S.W.I Telephone: S P E E D W E L L 9533 Telep hone : V ic to ria 0804 December 13, 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w 91

X H ACO S,.y

_____

■C° p

' w W U I »

Products that have

proved their reliability

under the severest

service conditions.

TELEGRAMS TELEPHONE "ANACONDA BLACKFRIARS MANCHESTER' 8701 (9 lines) 9 2 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 13, 1 9 4 6

Post-War ELECTRIC COOKERS E 1 0 8 3 -CH 1

ELEXCEL LTD VICTOR WORKS BROAD GREEN LIVERPOOL 14

LIGHTING PAST&PRESENT MD-fâÜI

Various forms of oil lamp lighting have been in nse since the days of primitive man. The illustration shows a type made in terra­ cotta about A.D. 100.

There is no finality to progress as these com­ parisons illustrate, but for all wiring purposes, Soruit Connectors are the “ final word ” in efficiency, speed and reliability.

The ELECTROPLANTest; 19 12 C? PALACE OF ENGINEERING. WEMBLEY.MIOOX 'PAone MMAfey 369/ * O N E - P IE C E WE WILL GLADLY REDESIGN YOUR S C R U IT CONNECTORS SURPLUS MACHINERY IF SUITABLE D istrib u to rs: S. O . B o w k e r Ltd., and GEE (Birmingham) Ltd.. Birmingham V.G. MANUFACTURING CO. LTD. Corst Road, Park Royal, London,N.W. 10

T.A.I December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 93

W E AIM TO BRING

mv H THROUGHOUT T H E WORLD

WHEREVER YOU SEE THIS TRADE - MARK YOU ARE ASSURED OF THE FINEST CRAFTSMANSHIP IN THE W IR E & CABLE INDUSTRY

TRADt

Specially designed “ Dupar" Fully Automatic Air-Break Contactor Panel for control and protection of 100-200 H.P. Pole Change Slip Ring Motor. Enquiries invited for Control Equip­ ment for all applications.

DEWHURST & PARTNER LTD. INVERNESS WORKS HOUNSLOW • MIDDLESEX Telephone: Hounslow 0085/8 Telegrams: Dewhurst, Hounslow

Birmingham Office : Suffolk House, Suffolk St., Birmingham i. Tel.: Midland 5150 9 4 ( Supplem ent) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6 BE INDEPENDENT OF PAINT

The development of Metal powders during the war years has resulted in spraying by the Schori process, of all kinds of metallics and non-metallics, with the ease and speed of paint spraying. Base metals, such as steel, iron, etc., woodwork, stone, plaster, can be given TO U E decorative effects of copper, bronze, aluminium and many plastics, p AIN'T t h u t d whilst at the same time being protected against corrosion and decay. BV The Schori powder process bonds all metallics and non-metallics to the CUT icle RePortet CftfOTVIC E urope if e ? ;Ä I«Vinsce® ;lP R O T E C T ÄND DECORATE

parent surface, thus providing a covering that will not chip, crack or flake ; a surface that will last indefinitely, thus reducing costly repetitive 1 Yds labour charges, and expensive renewal of protective coverings. the To' Zinc, lead, aluminium, synthetic rubber or polythene, to name a few m m w of the fifty odd Schori finishes, are in greatest demand for protection ' « sen* n i ’ against the elements and acids. Decorative finishes in many colours arvi\ are obtained by such plastics as Thiokol, polymerized shellac, ebonite, paint:iation\ \ Vat!"5" . “ Vie unseed ?"tvJc WITH A BONDED FINISH BY

sulphur, etc., all of which, because they are applied in powder form without solvents, can be sprayed to any thickness. A Zinc sprayed surface forms a wince perfect key for painting, prevents rust creeping under the surface, and increases the life of paint tenfold. Approved by the \ essen'UaV Admiralty, War Office, Crown Agents, etc. Licensees throughout the Country. (CHOI I MfTALLISINC PROCESS IT 0.. B>(MT CRESCENT. NORTH CIRCULAR ROAD. lONOOH « W I • EICAR 7)91

T h e M T E S take YOUR claim now-others have S e r v i c e : Maximum efficiency from multi­

W e are discussing with wise manufac­ motored equipment is ensured by turers the part we shall play in their post-war schemes. These are firms the MTE service. who have known us in the past and value our adaptability and reputation Consult MTE specialists relative to for tackling problems. all Control gear, Control devices, and If your plans need dependable sources of supply of presswork, components, infinitely variable speed equipment welded assemblies, small machined parts and also things we have not for any type of application. - previously manufactured, why not stake a claim on our services notv by admitting us to a confidential discussion ?

COMPONENTS ir d e x ASSEMBLIES G MACHINE -TOOL - ELECTRICS - LTD

GIRDEX ENGINEERING CO. LTD. LEIGH-ON-SEA WESTON LANE, TYSELEY. BIRMINGHAM^! I Phone : Acock’s Green 2205 Grams : GIRDEXPRES

) CAI December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (,Supplement) 95

ELECTRIC COOKERS, FIRES, WATER-HEATING APPARATUS AND DOMESTIC APPLIANCES

FO R all transformer applications, and includ­ ing special industrial types for welding, min­ ing, furnace supply, etc. EVERY TYPE, SIZE&VOLTAGE

Backed by a quarter century of SPECIALISED transformer manufac­ turing experience.

A L L ORDERS DEALT WITH IN ROTATIO N . DELIVERY DATES CAN­ ACKBRIDGE ELECTRIC CONSTRUCTION CO. LTD. NOT BE GUARANTEED W ALTON-ON-THAIVIES, SURREY FALK, STADELMANN & CO. LTD.,

Telephone : Wa/ton-on-Thames 760 (8 lines) 91 FARRINGDON RD„ LONDON, E.C.l. H O L . 7654 Telegrams : " E le c tric ." Walton-on-Thames 8 9 /1 2 5 9 6 ( Supplem ent) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6 B.M.B.11 TUBULAR BEFLECTOH FIRE with suitable length of 3 core flex. Polished aluminium reflector reinforced with strong alloy on each side and fixed on anodised tubular frame. The guard over the element is also made from anodised alloy. Whole construction superior and novel. 18" x 16" x IS f '. I k W .2 k W , 230/250 v, unless otherwise stated. Deliveries excellent but in strict rotation Large Range of Portable and Wall Electric Fires, Radiators, Convector Heaters, Oak Floor Standard and Table Lamps, Fluorescent Lighting Fittings, Electric Irons, Vacuum Cleaners, Novelty Bowl Fires, Boiling Rings, Electric Kettles, Electric Fans, Torch Cases, Cycle Lamps, all types of Batteries ( “ A” Class), etc. Detailed List available Place orders in good time

From 40 • Retail BROOKS & BOHM LTD. Generous Trade discounts 90 VICTORIA STREET, LONDON, S.W.I. Phone : Victoria 9S50 & 1441

W. G. WALKER & CO. (ENGINEERS) LTD. FOR GUARANTEED ARMATURE RE-WINDS AND J Jfo p p y Ú /tA iM tn o J v REPAIRS TO ALL KINDS OF ELECTRIC MOTORS

VERY PROMPT SERVICE

P H O N E : V IC T O R IA I 622 & 0709 W . G. WALKER & CO. (ENGINEERS) LTD. TRUSTFUL PRODUCTS Ltd. too ST. MARTIN’S LANE. LONDON. W C.2 EMERY HILL STREET Telephone : TEM PLE BAR 069112 WESTMINSTER, S.W.I © E . R . 7

J f U o 'k HrUKGIH( ■ I [ill) o a t FLASH PROMPT DELIVERIES CABLES LAMP OF WIRE WIRE BULBS and E.L.M.A FIRES, IRONS GRIDS GUARDS and AND FLEXI­ AUTO BLES RACKS HANDLES TOASTERS LAMPS FRAMES BASKETS 244 TOTTENHAM COURT ROAD BALSALL HEATH WIREWORKS LONDON, W.l MUSeum 5351 Established 1919 • W ir in g ™ ’ BIRMINGHAM 12 i 733 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 97

C H A R L T O N e l e c t r i c s t o r a g e w a t e r h e a t e r s

J. & P. B ranches

are B.N .E. Branches Make your enquiries about B.N.E. domestic appliances at your nearest J. & P. Branch — it is there to give you service and its staff is anxious to help you. Specialist domestic engineers are available to advise on water heating, space heating, cooking and other applications of B.N.E. domes­ tic appliances. There are J. & P. Branches at:—

LONDON : Columbia House, Aldwych, W .C.2. BIRMINGHAM : BRADFORD: BRISTOL: CARDIFF: G L A S G O W : Suffolk House, 6 Town Hall St. 47 Broadmead 10 Westgate St. 205 Bothwell St. Suffolk St. 5 IP S W IC H : MANCHESTER : NEWCASTLE : PORTSMOUTH : B ELFA ST : 0 5 Arcade St. Norfolk House, I Eldon Square, 88 St. Thomas St. 38 Bedford St. Norfolk St. W e also have Branches and Agents throughout the World. X BRITISH NATIONAL ELECTRICS LTD. o (Incorporating Archibald Low Electrics Ltd. and J.P. Tubular Heater Co. Ltd.) The Domestic Appliances Section of JOHNSON £ PHILLIPS LIMITED NEWARTHILL • MOTHERWELL • SCOTLAND

BRITISH NATIONAL ELECTRIC COOKERS & FIRES .

10 to 1,000 watts.

1.000, 750, 500, 200, 100, 50, .25, 10 watt. (All models can be supplied ganged)

F O X T0R0IDÂ1 POTENTIOMETERS

CERAMIC INSULATION ONLY — AND APPROVED FOR TROPICAL CONDITIONS (K.110). COMPLETE CERAMIC RINGS FOR STRENGTH. APPROVED BY ALL GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS EXCELLENT DELIVERY ALL TYPES OF TOROIDAL WINDINGS

Telephone P. X. FO X LTD. H 2939th HORSFORTH • • YORKSHIRE 9 8 ( Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6

Cö u value of GonUe n c e Confidence is achieved when a high standard is maintained and its value will never be under-rated by the genuine business man or master craftsman. THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION CONTRACTORS, established over 21 years ago, aims at maintaining a high standard of qualification and raising the efficiency and status of Electrical Installation Contractors, thereby safeguarding the public against inferior materials and workmanship. THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION CONTRACTORS is an independent body directed by representatives of important Associations con­ nected with the Electricity Supply Industry, including The Institution of Electrical Engineers ; The Association of Consulting Engineers ; The Central Electricity Board ; The Incorporated Municipal Electrical Association ; The Electrical Contractors’ Association of Scotland. Electrical Installation Contractors holding the Certificate of the National Register have given evidence of competency ; their work is subject to periodical inspection ; they under­ take to pay rates of wages and observe conditions of employment not less favourable than those of the appropriate trade agreement ; and observe The Regulations for the Electrical Equipment of Buildings issued by the Institution of Electrical Engineers. NATIONAL REGISTER of ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION CONTRACTORS For full particulars apply to Secretary, 13 Victoria Street, London, S.W . 1

FOR THE CHRISTMAS TRADE A ltA STItA Zbe “ Scroll Light ” GALVAN IS E □ BED LAMP AND WALL BRACKET SECTIONAL STEEL

From all Wholesalers or the Distributors: U N D E R W O O D (ELECTRIC) Ltd. 200 Great Portland Street London, W.1 1 Dickinson Street West Manchester 2 ______or £. DAWSON (Lam p Fa cto rs) Ltd ., 10 GRAY’ S INN ROAD, W .C. I December 13, 1946 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 99

J m i n g

l a c i l i t i e s

SI7 T h e S w i t c h

M U S T t r i p !

Immediately the fault-finding relay locates the trouble, power must be available for tripping the switch. This calls for a battery and equipment of utter reliability and first-class quality. An unique facility of interest to designers and makers of Control Panels and similar equipment Exide Switch Tripping equipment meets these embodying flush mounted instruments, switches, etc. Frontal projection is reduced to one half the requirements to the full. Each self-contained overall fuse depth and connections may be made direct into the base ends instead of through the unit comprises a battery of lead-acid cells usual back-studs. A simple fixing clip, as illustrated, eliminates the use of visible panel in stout, non-conducting glass boxes, a trickle- screws, thus facilitating ease of assembly and charger and a load-test device. Electrolyte is maintenance. Let us submit a sample mounting. You’ll fall for it, sure ! always visible. Battery test-readings can be taken under load from instruments on the Exclusive to the NEW 5 to 100 amp. cabinet, full charge is constantly maintained, without gassing, electrolyte needs ho renewal.

VIBRATION PROOF FUSES

SWITCH TRIPPING EQUIPMENT EDWARD CO. LTD. THE CHLORIDE ELECTRICAL STORAGE CO. LTD. SHARSTON ROAD • WYTHENSHAWE Stationary Battery Department MANCHESTER 77 King Street, Manchester 2. Tel: Blackfriars 4731 d.m. E .W .8 1 0 0 ( Supplem ent) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6 Index to Advertisers PAGE Acru Electric Tool Manufacturing Co. Ltd...... 12 Aerialite Ltd ...... 31 Agro Electrical Co. Ltd ...... Arcolectric (Switches) Ltd.. Aron Electricity Meters Ltd ...... Associated Pum ps L td ...... Association of Electrical Machinery Traders Ltd.. . Austinlite Ltd ...... 104 Automatic Coil Winder & Elecl. Equipment Co. Ltd. 26 Bakelite Ltd ...... 26 Barlow-Whitney Ltd ...... 82 Barries Electrical Agencies Ltd...... 32 Bastian & Allen Ltd...... 84 M A.P. Type Approved Benjamin Electric Ltd ...... 29 To specification D.C.D. B.E.N. Patents Ltd ...... 102 W .T . 1548 Berry's Electric Ltd ...... 50 Bill Switchgear Ltd...... 3 ELIMINATE Bolton, Thomas, & Sons Ltd ...... 21 VIBRATION AND Braithw aite & Co. Engineers L td ...... 116 BA.OSH SHOCK Brentford Transformers Ltd ...... 105 British AJuminium Co. Ltd ...... Cover ii “ Equiflex " Mountings, British Insulated Callender's Cables Ltd ...... 9 which proved so valu­ APPLICATIONS : There are British National Electrics Ltd ...... 97 able in war work, have ranges of Standard British R opes L td ...... 10 now been released. _ “ Equiflex ” Mountings for suspension and mounting of British Thomson-Houston Co. Ltd ...... 5 F E A T U R E S : Flexible in equipment, instruments, B rooks & Bohm L td ...... 96 all directions at an equal electrical apparatus, motors, Brush Electrical Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 19 deflection. Can be etc., w here elim ination o f vi­ Bryterlite Electrical Co. (Glasgow) Ltd ...... 74 loaded on any side, thus bration and shock is required. Burco L td ...... 12 eliminating vibration in “ Equiflex ” Metal Mountings Burt, Boulton & Haywood Ltd ...... 73 VERTICAL, HORI­ operate on a new Damped Bushing Co. Ltd ...... 114 Z O N T A L and L O N G I­ Spring System. Cable Makers’ Association...... 18 TUDINAL planes. Cable Strippers Ltd...... 76 Carter, H. W., & James Ltd ...... 96 Constant performance. Rubber “ Equiflex ” types Chloride Electrical Storage Co. Ltd ...... 99 Unaffected by tempera­ are now available giving Churchouse, C. M., Ltd ...... 112 ture changes. similar characteristics. City & Provincial Stores Ltd...... 108 W rite for Brochure and send us details of your requirements Clarke, H., & Co. (Manchester) Ltd ...... 107 Cole, E. K ., L td ...... 89 A. W ELLS & CO. LTD. Concordia. Electric Wire & Cable Co. Ltd ...... 93 Consolidated Pneumatic Tool Co. Ltd...... 7 (Dept. F.), Stirling Road, Walthamstow, E.17 Corrugated Packing & Sheet Metal Co. Ltd ...... 28 Phone : Larkswood 2691 Crompton Parkinson Ltd...... Cover i & 39 Cryselco Ltd -...... 4 D acier L td ...... 80 Davis & Timmins Ltd ...... 120 Dennis, G. P., Ltd ...... 26 Designs & Installations Ltd...... 45 Dewhurst & Partner Ltd ...... 93 “FlUOREKFNT LIGHTING ” Donovan Electrical Co. Ltd ...... 104 Dowler, F., & Sons ...... 101 F O R T H E Drake & Gorham Wholesale Ltd ...... 8 Elcordia Ltd...... 34 Electrical & General Accessories (Leicester) Ltd 90 Electro Dynamic Construction Co. Ltd ...... 86 “CONTROL GEAR” Electro Methods Ltd ...... 80 Electroplant Co ...... 92 Elexcel Ltd ...... 92 HIMES Elliott Bros. (London) Ltd...... 49 Ellison, George, Ltd...... 51 Engei & G ibbs L td...... 90 The English Electric Co. Ltd...... 15 & 25 Ensel Electric Co. Ltd...... 78 V Evans, F. W., Ltd ...... 120 Everett Edgcumbe & Co. Ltd...... 54 Falk, Stadelmann & Co. Ltd ...... 95 Ferranti Ltd 11 & 115 CONSTEAD Fluorescent Spares...... 108 Fluxite Ltd...... 22 UNIT Foster Transformers & Switchgear Ltd...... 43 Fox, P. X., Ltd ...... 97 A Lightning Starter • An Amazing Stayer Fuller Electrical & Manufacturing Co. Ltd ...... 38 Geipel, William, Ltd ...... 110 Always Reliable • Guaranteed to give a General Accessories Co. Ltd ...... 48 General Electric Co. Ltd ...... 87 perfect performance • The Neatest Girdex Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 94 Godwin, H. J., Ltd...... 110 and Most Compact Outfit in The Field Grampian Reproducers Ltd ...... 75 Hackbridge Electric Construction Co. Ltd ...... 95 FOR BEST TERMS APPLY : Hailwood & Ackroyd Ltd ...... 78 Harborough Rubber Co. Ltd ...... 30 Hassett & Harper Ltd ...... 76 Hiwkins, L. G., & Co. Ltd ...... 24 SCEMC0 LTD. Heatrae Ltd ...... 1 Henley’s, W. T., Telegraph Works Co. Ltd ...... 46 & 88 6/7 SOHO ST., LONDON, W .l Hewittic Electric Co. Ltd ...... 109 Telephone : GER. 1461 (Continued on page 10 2) December 13, 1946 Electrical Review (Supplement) 101

It doesn't m ake a scrap o f difference.

If you send us an order for millions of any of the articles we manufacture or only an order for a few thousands we shall still’give it our very best attention, and hope that our services will give you full satisfaction. In that event we shall hope to receive further favours, and add one more to our list of customers, who can be more correctly called our friends.

The advice of our Technical Staff is always at your disposal to help you choose the most suitable eyelet, terminal or pressing for the job you have in hard.

I~. D o u /lere )o n $ ASTON, BIRMINGHAM , 6 — — KSaraSMBSISMJBXI-Ua— BBWEMMI I III IIK W — ■— — B W 281 A

Electric motor and generator users all over the country can assure themselves of a six-point service covering everything from new plant to reorganisation by writing to The Secretary, ASSOCIATION OF ELECTRICAL MACHINERY TRADERS, Ltd. 11, Argyll Street, Oxford Circus, London, W . I who will send them a list of A.E.M.T. members. 102 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946 Index to Advertisers (Continued from page 100) PAGE Heyes & Co. Ltd ...... 105 Higgs Motors Ltd ...... 13 Hopkinson Motors & Electric Co. Ltd ...... 116 Hotpoint Electric Appliance Co. Ltd ...... 35 ELECTRIC FURNACES Howells (Electric Motors) Ltd Cover iii Igranic Electric Co, Ltd ...... 41 imperial Chemical Industries Lid ...... 118 Small Muffle, Tube and Crucible types Ingram, Kemp & Joyner ...... 73 suitable for Experimental and Produc­ Insulators Ltd ...... 17 tion Heat Treatment in Laboratory or Johnson & Phillips Ltd ...... 47 Jo h n so n , R ic h a rd , C la p h a m & M o rris L td ...... 32 Workshops, etc. Kent Bros. Electric Wire Co. & E. H. Phillips Ltd.. . 104 WORKING TEMPERATURES UP TO 1,400'C. Kimber, B., Allen & Co ...... 30 Kirolite (Sales) Ltd ...... 86 Enquiries invited : K la x o n L td ...... 82 Litholite Insulators & St. Albans Mouldings Ltd 74 L o n d ex L td ...... 120 W.S.A. Engineering Co. ltd. London Transformer Products Ltd ...... 86 5 - 9 HATTON WALL, E.C .1 L.P.S. Electrical Co. Ltd ...... 77 Telephone : Holborn 6176 Lyons, Claude, Ltd ...... 14 Macfarlane Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 42 Machine Tool Electrics Ltd ...... 94 M a th e r & P la tt L td ...... 33 Matthews & Yates Ltd ...... 32 McKechnie Bros. Ltd ...... 119 M.C.L. & Repetition Ltd ...... 1 Measuring Instruments (Pullin) Ltd ...... 119 Mercury D.L. Co ...... 104 Mercury Switch Manufacturing Co. Ltd ...... 32 Metafiltration Co. Ltd ...... 76 Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Co. Ltd 79 & 111 Micramatic Ltd ...... 48 Midland Dynamo Co. Ltd ...... 117 Midland Electric M anufacturing Co. Ltd ...... 37 Morgan, Albert, & Co ...... 74 Morgan Crucible Co. Ltd ...... Cover iv M o ss B ro s ...... 84 Multicore Solders Ltd ...... 75 National Register of Elecl. Installation Contractors. . 98 National Savings Committee ...... 8 Normand Electrical Co. Ltd ...... 81 O’Connor Electrical Industries Ltd ...... 30 Parmiter, Hope & Sugden Ltd ...... 103 P. & B. Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 35 Philips Lamps Ltd ...... 44 P oles L td ...... 98 Pope’s Electric Lamp Co. Ltd ...... 58 Pritchett & Gold & E.P.S. Co. Ltd ...... 84 Rawlplug Co. Ltd ...... 56 Ray Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 28 "r WESTOOl "f" Redfem Stevens Ltd ...... 112 WITH YOUR POST-WAR PROBLEMS ON ALL Renfrew Foundries Ltd ...... 113 Revo Electric Co. Ltd ...... 83 Electro-Mechanical Apparatus Reyrolle, A., & Co. Ltd ...... 23 Roberts & Co. (Wednesbury) Ltd ...... 112 Robinson, Lionel, & Co. Ltd ...... 80 Solenoids and Electro-Magnets Ross Courtney & Co. Ltd ...... 1 Ruberoid Co. Ltd ...... 24 FOR TECHNICAL ADVICE, WRITE Runbaken Electrical Products ...... 120 Sankey, Joseph, & Sons Ltd ...... 6 WESTOOL Ltd. TeleDhone S a n tó n L td ...... 110 ST HELENS AUCKLAND Savage Transformers Ltd ...... 53 BISHOP AUCKLAND WEST AUCKLAND Saxon Components Ltd ...... 90 Co. DURHAM 3 1 7 Scem co L td ...... 100 Scholes, G e o rg e H ., & C o. L td ...... 116 S ch o ri M etallisin g P ro cess L td ...... 94 PAGE Siemens Bros. & C o . L td ...... 20 Tyne Truck & Trolley Co. Ltd ...... 114 Siemens Electric Lamps & Supplies Ltd ...... 103 Underwood (Electric) Ltd ...... 98 Simmonds Aerocessories Ltd ...... 57 Vactric Ltd ...... 40 Simmonds & Stokes Ltd ...... 34 Veritys Ltd ...... 55 Simplex Electric Co. Ltd ...... 36 V.G. Manufacturing Co. Ltd ...... 92 Skefko Ball Bearing Co. Ltd ...... 106 W alker, W. G., & Co. (Engineers) Ltd ...... 96 Smith, Frederick, & Co ...... 91 Walsall Conduits Ltd ...... 27 S o u n d ...... 120 W alter, D., & Co. Ltd ...... 114 Spicers Ltd C over iii Ward, Chas. F ...... f T ...... 78 Standard Telephones & Cables Ltd ...... 85 Ward & Goldstone Ltd ...... 46 Static Condenser Co. Ltd ...... 108 Ward, Thos. W., Ltd ...... 14 St. Helens Cable & Rubber Co. Ltd ...... 52 W atford Instruments ...... 74 Sturdy Electric Co. Ltd ...... 82 Webber, J. M., & Co. Ltd ...... 96 Symonds, R. H., Ltd ...... 24 Wellman Smith Owen Engineering Corporation Ltd. 117 Telegraph Condenser Co. Ltd ...... 28 Wells, A., & Co. Ltd ...... 100 Terry, Herbert, & Sons Ltd ...... 2 Westminster Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 1 Thermolectrics Ltd ...... 116 Westool Ltd ...... 102 Thompson, W. & J. R. (Woodturners) Ltd ...... 22 Wheeler, F. H., & Co. Ltd ...... 110 Thorpe, F. W., Ltd ...... 16 Wilcox, Edward, & Co. Ltd ...... 99 Toolmakers & Design (Coventry) Ltd ...... 114 Woden Transformer Co. Ltd ...... 75 T ru stfu l P ro d u c ts L td ...... 96 W.S.A. Engineering Co. Ltd ...... 102 December 13, 1946 Electrical Review (Supplement) 1 0 3

30-60-100-150-300-400-600 Amp. FUSE SWITCHES Breaking Capacity 25,900 KVA 440AC4. T his range oi quick break, air break, iron clad fuse switches incorporates: Aeroflex high breaking capacity rewireable cartridge fuses. Quick break parallel withdrawal double isolation action. Chassis constructed interiors. Double interlock complying with the Factory Regulations. Complete shrouding of live parts. Cadmium plated ferrous parts. W atertight enclosure and spindle gland. Removable front to bottom cable entry slot. Constructed in the form of a self-contained independeni chassis, machine made and stocked in all sizes, this range affords a high-class, well-designed fitting, reasonable in price. The Aeroflex range of High Breaking Capacity Ironclad Fusegear is fully 4 V * A * 1 described in our publication 28/I. K I _ _ I Write to Parmiter, Hope & Sugden I L td ., Longsight, Manchester 12. M B 1 / % I I London office : 34 , Victoria Street, m M ^ ^ • S .l T . i . h o p e 's p a t e w t s * PARMITER HOPE AND SUGDEN LTD

dm P.H .2 104 {Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

À

For a quarter of a century, in War and Peace, K.E.W. wire has meant the best in insulation

If you require Cotton, Silk or Enam el covered copper w ires ... Phone : Prospect 1032 (3 lines). W ire: “ Encosil, Richmond, S u r r e y ” or Write to: KENT BROS. ELECTRIC WIRE CO. & E. H. PHILLIPS LTD. KEW WORKS, MORTLAKE ROAD, KEW GARDENS, RICHMOND, SURREY

O a v l fB ifuuvtd fa S& caice

FLUORESCENT LIGHTING Chokes, Starter Switches and all necessary spares supplied to Trade from stock MERCURY D.L. CO. 96a, Holloway Road, N.7. Tel.: North 1257 A new, heavy- Sole distributors for B .E .S. and Mejer Fluorescent Lighting and Spares duty switch of r o b u st c o n s tru c ­ tion suitable for multi-circuit opera­ tions and capable of giving earthino clips with a long and trouble-free life- Can SPECIAL BITE AND CRIP INTO TUBE OR ARMOURING be built up into i, 2, 3 , 4 o r 5 -cell units providing N ote the tongue w hich a large range of contact combinations. Send for ensures perfect and permanent contact folder giving full Easy to 6 x. N uts cannot turn. All sizes particulars from half to two inches. ¿ J k ‘ THE PRODUCT DONOVAN ELECTRICAL CO. MADE BY AUSTINLITE LTD. 1 BIRMINGHAM 9. LTD (PROPRIETORS: CHANCE BROTHERS LTD.) LIGHTHOUSE WORKS SMETHWICK • BIRMINGHAM December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 105

BRIGHTER WAYSl

Quite apart from general efficiency and elimination of danger to life and limb—more light means more business. G et rid of gloom in passages, corridors, stair­ cases with LA C EN T fittings. Available for every purpose in a wide variety of types. L a c e n t LIGHTING FITTINGS

HEYES m

HEYES & CO. LTD., WATER HEYES ELECTRICAL WORKS, WIGAN Agent: F. G. KETELBEY, M.I.E.E., Gazette Buildings, Corporation St, Birmingham dm. HC.5 g ||g § |g ( 6 0 1 upe ent Supplem BEARING CO.. LTD THE SKEFKO BAIL LUTON ) IN THE THE IN aig tess n rdcn sri are. strain reducing stresses and taking wheels turn. . . smoothly. . . constantly . . smoothly. . . turn. wheels E l a c i r t c e l wherever machines work and machineswork wherever PRODUCTION PICTURE Above... Below... Above... R ew ie v e

N H RGT PLACE RIGHT THE IN

December

1946 4 9 1 , 3 1 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 107

PIRTOID SECTIONS Laminated bakelite sec­ tions, machined from tube and sheet materials. The easewith which"Pirtoid" can be machined makes it suitable for a great variety of uses. Write for Catalogue No. P/44.

H. CLARKE & CO. ATLAS WORKS (MANCHESTER) LTD. PATRICROFT PH O NE: ECCLES 2001 - 2 . 3 . 4 - 5 GRAMS : Pirtoid, Phone, Manchester MANCHESTER 1 0 8 ( Supplem ent) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1946

R e d u c e j y o u r w < a s te K.VA

— Instal Power-factor Correction Condensers THE STATIC CON,DENSER CO. LTD. WOKINGHAM, BERKS. Telephone : Wokingham 708 Telegrams : Static, Wokingham

ASSOCIATED REPLACEMENT PUMPS FLUORESCENT STARTER LTD. SWITCHES for Revo, B.T.H., and Metro-Vick Lighting Units ALL PURPOSES (Thermal Type) DOMESTIC & EARLY DELIVERY INDUSTRIAL FLUORESCENT SPARES 73-77 Britannia Rd. Dept. ER/A. Fulham LONDON, S.W .6 53 Goodge St., London, W.l

FOR ALL TYPES OF BOXES, CASES, Commercial and Industrial CONTAINERS, INDUSTRIAL AND WOODWORK SCHOLASTIC contact FURNITURE, City and Provincial Stores, Ltd. CABLE DRUMS, INSTRUMENT CASES, Queen's Road, Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire P h o n e: A shton 1941 CABINETS, ETC. SPECIALISTS IN QUANTITY PRODUCTION December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 109

The largest Pumpless Rectifier in the world

The design and manufacture of this record size in rectifier equipment serves to emphasise Hewittic experience and leadership in rectifier design — factors which are reflected also in the more usual sizes of equipment, whether for the operation of traction systems and D.C. industrial plant or for the smaller applications like battery charging. The total of Hewittic Rectifiers in world-wide service is approaching a MILLION KILOWATTS.

ife w itíic Ife c li

d b -4 " <

— — — ------electrolytic plant in Canada. *«., 1 ^ 5 5 , supplied with¡D.C. from the 8.750-kW ^ rectifier above im¡

I IIWHIM I HEWITTIC ELECTRIC CO. LTD., WALTON-ON-THAMES, SURREY Telephones : Walton-on-Thames 760 18 lines) Telegrams: " H ew ittic," Walton-on-Thames 110 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

• • . for all electrical installations

Head Office : 39 Victoria Street, London, S.W .I. Tel.: ABBey 8080 (18 lines) Branches : Manchester, Bournemouth, Glasgow, Birmingham, Hull, Southampton, Hereford, Sheffield, Thetford, York, Bristol, Edinburgh, Aberdeen

* GODWIN ELECTRIC PUMPS

THIS LITTLE CHAP TYPE A.I.E. P A T E N T E D ELECTRIC PUMP occupies 9 sq. inches is one of a range particularly useful j , . , , where light and efficient duty is required. It has a capacity of 250 G.P.H. to a head of 80 feet and Is fitted with Totally enclosed and does the same job Self-oiling Mechanism with BALL BEARINGS throughout. O ther special features include non-corrodible GUN M E T A L PUMP BODY, STAINLESS STEEL PISTON ROD and also AUTOMATIC GLAND ADJUSTMENT which reduces friction as 6 sp knife switches to a minimum. W rite for fully illustrated lists, prices and generous discounts of the comprehensive range of Godwin Electric Pumps and W ater Svstems Rotary Switches up to 660v: 180a: 6 positions H. J. GODWIN LTD. SANTON L4 NEWPORT 14, Mon. QUENINGTON GLOS.

9258

Telegrams : “ Patella, Sedist, London * Telephone : H op 0594 (4 lines)

CABLE

V.I.R., BRAIDED, LEAD COVERED & TOUGH RUBBER SHEATHED

Will I AM fiFIDFI I Til Head Office : 156-170 Bermondsey Street, LONDON, S.E .1 nlLM API UEirCL LIU. Cable Works: W EMBLEY Minni FeFV December 13, 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 111

SINGIEBREAK €* T iffl/ ^ P RTI METALCLAD 5 W 1 I C H u h A R

h y METROVICK Introduced originally in 1934 by Metrovick and still pre-eminent.

SB. 18 - 33 kV. - 1000 M.V.A. SB. 24 * 66 kV. - 1500 M.V.A.

ELECTRICAL~~— —------C O ’ LT ®’ TRAFFORD PARK ••• MANCHESTER 17.

F/K 602 1 1 2 ( Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6

Amongst the accessories we make for the Electrical World is this wall bracket. W e carry large stocks of Steelwork for Electric Power Transmission lines to the new British Specifi­ cation 1320 1946. ROBERTS e Co (W EDNESBUR V) LIMITED FRANCHISE STREET, WEDNESBURY, STAFFS. Telephone : Darlaston 488 & 489 Telegrams: "Roberts 488 Darlaston”

r l l e R IG H T A N G L E O N LIGHT

" . . . and when you’re in the market, just con­ tact me. I can promise it will pay you.”

Components and Assem­ blies In Drop Forgings. Hot Brass Stampings. Cold Stampings and Press- w ork. Springs and Wlrework. Special Tools & Wrenches. A uto, Capstan and General Machine Work. Bolts, Nuts, Screws, Washers, etc. M V*fÿjSiev*

C. M. CHURCHOUSE LTD. BEVERLEY WORKS, ALMA ST. BlR MIN GHAM. 6. PrfrpfaHt AS Ton cr o ss . 3S07 y CLARENDON WORKS • CLARENDON CROSS LONDON, W .ll m H *(ÇUtR(M(NTS TO ^ BLUT-PRINT OR PATTERN S. & u. D ecem ber 13, 1946 Electrical Review (Supplement) 113

CREATIVE CONSTRUCTION IN LIGHT METAL CASTINGS What do YOU use for...

This main frame casting for a straight-line edger measures 5' 8" x 3 ' 8" x 3 ' 5". In strong heat-treated aluminium alloy it weighs 642 lb. Electrical manufacturers are turning to Light Metal castings because of their low cost, guaranteed sound­ ness and high shock resistance. Light Metal castings are easily handled and may be machined at high speeds ; they cut labour costs and increase production.

S Aluminium costs less than ever before, and is available in unlimited quantities. Renfrew Foundries Ltd. will be pleased to co-operate in redesigning components as aluminium alloy castings. RENFREW FOUNDRIES LTD HILLINGTON • GLASGOW • S.W. 2 1 1 4 ( Supplem ent) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6

SPOTLIGHTS - FLOODLIGHTS - DIMMERS STAGE BATTENS AND FOOTLIGHTS THEATRE AND CINEMA EQUIPMENT SPECIAL DISCOUNTS TO TRADE

D. WALTER & CO. LTD. Actual Manufacturers 61-63 LANT STREET, LONDON, S.E.I TELEPHONE: HOP 3651

TUBES IN LAMINATED FABRIC OR PAPER BASE THE BUSHING CO. LTD. HEBBURN-ON-TYNE

Why not fit a TOOLMAKERS & DESIGN Brays Lane (COV.) LTD, CO VEN TRY Telephone 4051-2 GOOD S w itch ? Invite Enquiries for JIGS, TOOLS, FIXTURES & MOULDS Write for Catalogue FOR THE ELECTRICAL INDUSTRY ARCOLECTRIC (SWITCHES) LTD. AND THE PLASTICS TRADE Highest Accuracy EDWIN ROAD, TWICKENHAM and Finish Guaranteed E l e c t r i c a l R e v i e w (Supplem ent) 115

FERRANTI

Jn < rt\u *n eritl

D.C. TEST SETS • A .C . TEST SETS • CELL TESTERS

A.C./D.C. CIRCUIT TESTERS • LIGHT TESTERS

HIGH VOLTAGE INDICATORS • CLIP-ON AMMETERS

FERRANTI LIMITED HOLLINWOOD LANCS. ______LONDON OFFICE: KERN HOUSE. KINGSWAY, W.C.2. n60' 116 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

HOPKINSON MOTORS & ELECTRIC CO LTD

STANDARD RANGE: Three-phase Induction Motors } to 3 0 hp

£ 3 Répulsion-Induction Motors i to 5 hp

HEAD OFFICE: Grangeway • Kilbum • London NW6 Telephone : Maida Vale 9306-8 Cables : Origimotor London

“ THERMOLECTRICS LTD.” ELECTRIC HEATING PADS AND BLANKETS s e -

m . EXPERT REPAIRS SERVICE (ALL MAKES)

CHAPEL WORKS. CHURCH ST., HAMPTON-ON-THAMES " b SWITCHES f o r Pressed Steel Tanks by RELIABILITY BRAITHWAITE h / y / e x M u s t b e f o o d ' & CO ENGINEERS LTD GEORGE H. SCHOLES KINGS HOUSE HAYMARKET S.W.l & C O . LT D . Telephone : WHItehatt 3993 Telegranu : BromUrk Phene Wylex Works, Wythenshawe MANCHESTER December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 117

IMPROVED ARMATURE & STATOR COIL PRODUCTION

QUICKWAY COIL WIN0 1 NG~TmDC) AND FORMING MACHINE

HIGHEST QUALITY COILS FOR LESS THAN YOU N O W PAY

DE * 0 ^ T ^ R1 e S AND

THE MIDLAND DYNAMO Co. Ltd. 64 BELGRAVE GATE LEICESTER

— “ The Bridle for Air Horsepower'

A I R VALVES

Operated by Foot, Hand, or Solenoid for the control of Air-actuated Machinery.

in many installations Ross Air Vaives. Solenoid Operated,, offer worth-while economics.

Mounted immediately adjacent to the cylin- -' decs they operate, excessive piping (which is'costly to fill with 4-way Ross Air Valve. air that does no work) is eliminated. Ati pipe connections, Solenoid Operated. including conduit for wiring to Solenoid, arc made through the base of the unit.

Ensure quick, delicate and precise control of air cylinders on all air-actuated equipment. Poppet type. Pressure sealed-

W rit* for illustrated booklet to

THE WELLMAN SMITH OWEN ENGINEERING CORPORATION LTD VICTORIA STATION HOUSE. LONDON, S W I WORKS DARLASTON. SOOTH STAFFS 118 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

'WELVIC' pvc compositions

polyvinyl chloride

'ALKATHENE' polythene

for electrical applications

______P.W.20 December 13, 1946 E l e c t r ic a l R e v ie w (Supplement) 119

SERIES 35 MINIATURE MOVING IRON INSTRUMENTS -PULLIN- H O T BRASS Provided with clear, open scales 3A" long. Flush pattern moulded cases. W e ll damped ; suitable for D.C. & A.C. STAMPINGS up to 100 cycles. Readings independent of wide vari­ ations in wave form. Movement of spring-controlled, There are distinct advantages in the use of hot brass stampings repulsion type with high torque/weight ratio. Ammeters compared with rough sand self-contained to 50 amps ; power consumption does castings. not exceed IVA. Voltmeters self-contained to 500 volts; Sometimes machining is elimi­ power consumption 7.5VA. nated entirely by the employment of McKechnie stamped parts. MEASURING INSTRUMENTS (PULLIN) LTD This may be a reason why “ the Dept. C Great W est Road, Brentford, Middx. Ealing 0011 other people ” sometimes seem to be producing qu-cker, cheaper and even better than you had thought possible. MCKechnie BROS. LTD. ROTTON PARK S T ., BIRMINGHAM, 16 'Phone: Edgbaston 3581 (7 lines) Branches : London — 62, Brook Street, W .l. 'Phone: Mayfair 6182/3/4. L eeds — Prudential Buildings, Park Row. 'Phone: Le,eds 23044. M an ch ester — 509-513, Corn Exchange Buildings, 4. ’Phone : Blackfriars 5094. N ew ca stle- o n -T y n e —90, Pilgrim Street. ’Phone : Newcastle 22718. 120 (Supplement) E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w December 13, 1946

^©AVIS&TIMMINSLtd m Head Office: BILLET ROAD • WALTHAMSTOW • LONDON • E.I7

TELEPHONE LARKSWOOD 2313 (SIX LINES)

P c ild t FLASH TEST BAKELITE -- MOULDINGS AND All makers and dealers in electrical equipment, service engineers and ------ERINOID repairers need this portable Flash Tester. t o a n y TURNINGS D etects faults at 1,000 to SPECIFICATI ON 2,000 volts. Send for interesting leaflet FREDERICK W. EVANS LTD. Q 53. “ A ll about Flash Testing.” P L A S T I C WORKS RUNBAKEN-MANCHESTER LONG ACRE, BIRMINGHAM 7 TELEPHONE EASt 1284 t IJ» 7

FLOATLESS RADIANT” LIQUID LEVEL ELECTRIC CONTROL SYSTEM “LECTRALEVEL” • For PUMPS, VALVES, BED WARMERS SIGNALLING, RECORDING Supplies now available '” *• For DRAINAGE, SUMPS, Apply to your local Wholesaler ■"» STORAGE TANKS, Etc

WHOLESALERS’ ENQUIRIES SHOULD BE MADE TO— Aik for leaflet 911 EH SOUND, 483-489 Barlow Moor Rd, Manchester 21 m LONDEX LTD iPhone : CHOrlton 2294 MANUFACTURERS OF RELAYS C/ER5 207 ANERLEY ROAD LONDON • S .E .2 0 December 1 3 , 1 9 4 6 E l e c t r i c a l R e v ie w

THE LIGHTWEIGHT INSULATOR

An ideal material that can be specified with confidence

for any job requiring an insulator combining mechanical

strength with high dielectrical properties.

Manufactured to B.S.S. 972, 668 and 1137, etc.

Our technical staff can help you with your problems SPICERS LTD.

19 NEW BRIDGE STREET, LONDON, E.C.4. CENTRAL 4211 Ext.

POWERED BY HOWELLS” No. 2

dm H.E.4 IV December 13, 1946 REVIEW

KESEKVOIL’ BUSHES

FEATURES of great value

All 'Reservoir bushes have three outstanding features in common. 1. They have a carefully-controlled porosity which acts as a reservoir of oil. 2. This oil is filtered through the texture of the bush and is fed evenly to the bearing surfaces. 3. The bushes are made to very close limits and are easy to fit, while at the same time the bore is held to the correct running clearance. As a result of these and other advantages, 'Reservoil’ bushes are used in an ever-increasing variety of industrial applications. A MORGAN product

THE MORGAN CRUCIBLE COMPANY, LTD., LONDON, S.W.ll Specialists in Powder Metallurgy since 1912

Printed in Great Britain at T he Chapel R iver P ress, Andover, Hants, and published by E lectrtoat, r s 'vti’w r t>nmED> at Dorset House, Stamfc ......