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FLO-2D Model Development Below Caballo Dam URGWOM Final Report on FLO-2D Model Development Submitted to: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Albuquerque District Delivery Order DM01 Contract DACW09-03-D-0003 Prepared by: Tetra Tech, Inc. 6121 Indian School Road, NE Albuquerque, New Mexico October 3, 2005 Table of Contents Page Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 1 FLO-2D Model Development......................................................................................................... 1 Data Acquisition and Review – Hydrologic Data .................................................................... 1 Caballo Reservoir Flood Release ....................................................................................... 2 Design Storm Selection ...................................................................................................... 3 HEC-1 Hydrologic Model Application for Inflow Flood Hydrographs............................. 4 Rainfall Loss Estimate and Excess Runoff ........................................................................ 5 HEC-2 Model Results......................................................................................................... 5 Data Acquisition – Sediment Supply Analysis and Review ...................................................... 6 Data Acquisition – Diversions and Return Flows .................................................................. 11 Data Acquisition and Preparation – Topographic Data........................................................ 11 Data Acquisition and Preparation – Channel Cross Section Surveys ................................... 16 Data Acquisition and Preparation – Physical Components................................................... 20 FLO-2D Model Calibration .......................................................................................................... 26 FLO-2D Results - Flood Scenarios.............................................................................................. 36 Summary....................................................................................................................................... 40 Recommendations......................................................................................................................... 41 References..................................................................................................................................... 42 Appendix A. Design Storm Hydrologic Analyses and Documentation Appendix B. Sediment Supply Analysis and Documentation List of Tables 1. 100-year Storm Total Rainfall.................................................................................................. 4 2. Trujillo Arroyo HEC-1 100-yr Storm Rainfall Runoff Simulation Results ............................. 4 3. 100-year 24-hr Peak Discharge Caballo Dam to American Diversion Dam............................ 6 4. Estimated Adjusted Sediment Yield......................................................................................... 8 5. NRCS Reservoir Sedimentation............................................................................................... 9 6. Example Topographic Data File Names and Descriptions..................................................... 13 7. Hydraulic Structures – Caballo Dam to American Dam......................................................................25 8. 2004 Water Surface Elevation Calibration Results ................................................................ 27 9. Predicted Areas of Inundation ................................................................................................ 38 i List of Figures 1. Maximum Annual Water Surface Elevation in Caballo Reservoir 1938-2003 .........................3 2. Project Mapping Extent ...........................................................................................................12 3. Example of a 1 foot pixel digital orthophoto image................................................................13 4. FLO-2D Grid System for the RGCP Reach ............................................................................15 5. Location of the Survey RGCP Cross Sections - Caballo Dam to Leasburg Dam ...................17 6. Location of the Survey RGCP Cross Sections - Leasburg Dam to Mesilla Dam....................18 7. Location of the Survey RGCP Cross Sections - Mesilla Dam to American Dam...................19 8. Locations of Levees in the RGCP Reach ................................................................................21 9. Typical Horizontal Levee Centerline Alignment Using the 2 ft Contour Mapping................22 10. Typical Levee Alignment with Respect to the FLO-2D Grid System.....................................23 11. Levee Crest Elevation Profile..................................................................................................24 12. 2004 Haydon Gage Data vs. FLO-2D Predicted Hydrograph.................................................29 13. 2004 Leasburg Gage vs. FLO-2D Predicted Hydrograph .......................................................30 14. 2004 Mesilla Gage vs. FLO-2D Predicted Hydrograp ............................................................30 15. 2004 Anthony Gage vs. FLO-2D Predicted Hydrograph ........................................................31 16. 1995 Leasburg Gage vs. FLO-2D Predicted Hydrograph .......................................................32 17. 1995 Picacho Gage vs. FLO-2D Predicted Hydrograph .........................................................32 18. 1995 Mesilla Gage vs. FLO-2D Predicted Hydrograph ..........................................................33 19. 1998 Leasburg Gage vs. FLO-2D Predicted Hydrograph .......................................................34 20. 1998 Picacho Gage vs. FLO-2D Predicted Hydrograph .........................................................34 21. 1998 Mesilla Gage vs. FLO-2D Predicted Hydrograph ..........................................................35 22. 1998 Canutillo Gage vs. FLO-2D Predicted Hydrograph .......................................................35 23. 100-yr Peak Discharge vs. River Mile.....................................................................................37 24. Example of the Area of Inundation for the 100-yr 24-hr Storm, 2,350 cfs Release, Revised Hydrology Using Shaded Contours.....................................................................39 25. Example of the Area of Inundation for the 100-yr 24-hr Storm, 2,350 cfs Release, Revised Hydrology Using Line Contours .........................................................................39 ii FLO-2D Model Development Below Caballo Dam Introduction This report describes the development of the Rio Grande Canalization Project (RGCP) FLO-2D model from Caballo Dam to American Dam. FLO-2D is a two-dimension channel and floodplain flood routing model for predicting floodwave attenuation, floodplain inundation and spatially variable water surface elevations. This model will be used to support the development of the Upper Rio Grande Water Operations Model (URGWOM) for the reach from Caballo Dam to American Diversion Dam in El Paso, Texas (105 river miles). The model development is a collaborative project between the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) and the International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC). A flood hydrologic review and sediment supply review were completed as precedents to the development of the RGCP FLO-2D model. The purpose of the hydrologic review was to evaluate various flood events (hydrographs) for simulation in the RGCP reach. The Corps’1996 report, ‘Rio Grande Canalization Improvement Project, Hydrologic and Hydraulic Analyses’ prepared for IBWC was the primary resource in configuring the flood hydrograph scenarios. The sediment supply review evaluated previous sediment studies and available data in the RGCP reach. The Corps’1996 Rio Grande Canalization Improvement Project, Volume 3, “Sedimentation Analysis from the Rio Grande Tributary Basins” report and the accompanying appendices prepared for IBWC constituted the principle documentation and data for the review. The Corps documentation and analyses were prepared in conjunction with Resource Technology, Inc. (RTI) of Albuquerque and submitted to IBWC in July 1996. FLO-2D Model Development This section discusses the compilation of the hydrologic, topographic and channel cross section data bases and the development of the model physical components. The data base represents one of the best data bases ever compiled for a large river reach for the purpose of flood simulation. The topographic resolution and cross section coverage of the river is considered to be excellent. Data Acquisition and Review – Hydrologic Data The 1996 Hydrologic and Hydraulic Analyses Report prepared for the IBWC Rio Grande Canalization Improvement Project presented the results of a HEC-1 modeling effort to determine the project design flood peak discharges at selected locations from Caballo Dam to American Dam. The project design flood is represented by the 100-yr, 24-hr design storm centered over the Rio Grande basin below Caballo Dam. The study assessed the Rio Grande channel capacity and potential channel scour to evaluate flood control protection and channel stability in the reach. The total contributing watershed downstream of Caballo Dam (constructed in 1938) is approximately 900 square miles
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