II. Expedition Dates
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Office of Polar Programs
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SURFACE TRAVERSE CAPABILITIES IN ANTARCTICA COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION DRAFT (15 January 2004) FINAL (30 August 2004) National Science Foundation 4201 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, Virginia 22230 DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SURFACE TRAVERSE CAPABILITIES IN ANTARCTICA FINAL COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Purpose.......................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation (CEE) Process .......................................................1-1 1.3 Document Organization .............................................................................................................1-2 2.0 BACKGROUND OF SURFACE TRAVERSES IN ANTARCTICA..................................2-1 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Re-supply Traverses...................................................................................................................2-1 2.3 Scientific Traverses and Surface-Based Surveys .......................................................................2-5 3.0 ALTERNATIVES ....................................................................................................................3-1 -
A NEWS BULLETIN Published Quarterly by the NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY (INC)
A NEWS BULLETIN published quarterly by the NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY (INC) An English-born Post Office technician, Robin Hodgson, wearing a borrowed kilt, plays his pipes to huskies on the sea ice below Scott Base. So far he has had a cool response to his music from his New Zealand colleagues, and a noisy reception f r o m a l l 2 0 h u s k i e s . , „ _ . Antarctic Division photo Registered at Post Ollice Headquarters. Wellington. New Zealand, as a magazine. II '1.7 ^ I -!^I*"JTr -.*><\\>! »7^7 mm SOUTH GEORGIA, SOUTH SANDWICH Is- . C I R C L E / SOUTH ORKNEY Is x \ /o Orcadas arg Sanae s a Noydiazarevskaya ussr FALKLAND Is /6Signyl.uK , .60"W / SOUTH AMERICA tf Borga / S A A - S O U T H « A WEDDELL SHETLAND^fU / I s / Halley Bav3 MINING MAU0 LAN0 ENOERBY J /SEA uk'/COATS Ld / LAND T> ANTARCTIC ••?l\W Dr^hnaya^^General Belgrano arg / V ^ M a w s o n \ MAC ROBERTSON LAND\ '■ aust \ /PENINSULA' *\4- (see map betowi jrV^ Sobldl ARG 90-w {■ — Siple USA j. Amundsen-Scott / queen MARY LAND {Mirny ELLSWORTH" LAND 1, 1 1 °Vostok ussr MARIE BYRD L LAND WILKES LAND ouiiiv_. , ROSS|NZJ Y/lnda^Z / SEA I#V/VICTORIA .TERRE , **•»./ LAND \ /"AOELIE-V Leningradskaya .V USSR,-'' \ --- — -"'BALLENYIj ANTARCTIC PENINSULA 1 Tenitnte Matianzo arg 2 Esptrarua arg 3 Almirarrta Brown arc 4PttrtlAHG 5 Otcipcion arg 6 Vtcecomodoro Marambio arg * ANTARCTICA 7 Arturo Prat chile 8 Bernardo O'Higgins chile 1000 Miles 9 Prasid«fTtB Frei chile s 1000 Kilometres 10 Stonington I. -
Development Pressures on the Antarctic Wilderness
XXVIII ATCM – IP May 2004 Original: English Agenda Items 3 (Operation of the CEP) and 4a (General Matters) DEVELOPMENT PRESSURES ON THE ANTARCTIC WILDERNESS Submitted to the XXVIII ATCM by the Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition DEVELOPMENT PRESSURES ON THE ANTARCTIC WILDERNESS 1. Introduction In 2004 the Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition (ASOC) tabled information paper ATCM XXVII IP 094 “Are new stations justified?”. The paper highlighted proposals for the construction of no less than five new Antarctic stations in the context of at least 73 established stations (whether full year or summer only), maintained by 26 States already operating in the Antarctic Treaty Area. The paper considered what was driving the new station activity in Antarctica, whether or not it was necessary or desirable, and what alternatives there might be to building yet more stations. Whilst IP 094 focused on new station proposals, it noted that there were other significant infrastructure projects underway in Antarctica, which included substantial upgrades of existing national stations, the development of air links to various locations in Antarctica and related runways, and an ice road to the South Pole. Since then, ASOC has become aware of additional proposals for infrastructure projects. This paper updates ASOC’s ATCM XXVII IP 094 to include most infrastructure projects planned or currently underway in Antarctica as of April 2005, and discusses their contribution to cumulative impacts. The criteria used to select these projects are: 1. The project’s environmental impact is potentially “more than minor or transitory”; 2. The project results in a development of infrastructure that is significant in the Antarctic context; 3. -
Mcmurdo Dry Valleys, Southern Victoria Land
Measure 1 (2004) Annex Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Managed Area No. 2 MCMURDO DRY VALLEYS, SOUTHERN VICTORIA LAND 1. Description of values to be protected and activities to be managed The McMurdo Dry Valleys are characterized as the largest relatively ice-free region in Antarctica with approximately thirty percent of the ground surface largely free of snow and ice. The region encompasses a cold desert ecosystem, whose climate is not only cold and extremely arid (in the Wright Valley the mean annual temperature is –19.8°C and annual precipitation is less than 100 mm water equivalent), but also windy. The landscape of the Area contains glaciers, mountain ranges, ice-covered lakes, meltwater streams, arid patterned soils and permafrost, sand dunes, and interconnected watershed systems. These watersheds have a regional influence on the McMurdo Sound marine ecosystem. The Area’s location, where large-scale seasonal shifts in the water phase occur, is of great importance to the study of climate change. Through shifts in the ice-water balance over time, resulting in contraction and expansion of hydrological features and the accumulations of trace gases in ancient snow, the McMurdo Dry Valley terrain also contains records of past climate change. The extreme climate of the region serves as an important analogue for the conditions of ancient Earth and contemporary Mars, where such climate may have dominated the evolution of landscape and biota. The Area is characterized by unique ecosystems of low biodiversity and reduced food web complexity. However, as the largest ice-free region in Antarctica, the McMurdo Dry Valleys also contain relatively diverse habitats compared with other ice-free areas. -
Nsf.Gov OPP: Report of the U.S. Antarctic Program Blue Ribbon
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY MORE AND BETTER SCIENCE IN ANTARCTICA THROUGH INCREASED A LOGISTICAL EFFECTIVENESS Report of the U.S. Antarctic Program Blue Ribbon Panel Washington, D.C. July 23, 2012 This booklet summarizes the report of the U.S. Antarctic Program Blue Ribbon Panel, More and Better Science in Antarctica Through Increased Logistical Effectiveness. The report was completed at the request of the White House office of science and Technology Policy and the National Science Foundation. Copies of the full report may be obtained from David Friscic at [email protected] (phone: 703-292-8030). An electronic copy of the report may be downloaded from http://www.nsf.gov/ od/opp/usap_special_review/usap_brp/rpt/index.jsp. Cover art by Zina Deretsky. Front and back inside covers showing McMurdo’s Dry Valleys in Antarctica provided by Craig Dorman. CONTENTS Introduction ............................................ 1 The Panel ............................................... 2 Overall Assessment ................................. 3 U.S. Facilities in Antarctica ....................... 4 The Environmental Challenge .................... 7 Uncertainties in Logistics Planning ............. 8 Activities of Other Nations ....................... 9 Economic Considerations ....................... 10 Major Issues ......................................... 11 Single-Point Failure Modes ..................... 17 Recommendations ................................. 18 Concluding Observations ....................... 21 U.S. ANTARCTIC PROGRAM BLUE RIBBON PANEL WASHINGTON, -
Balloons up and Away
Published during the austral summer at McMurdo Station, Antarctica, for the United States Antarctic Program December 21, 2003 Home away Balloons up and away from Dome By Kris Kuenning TRACER Sun staff As steel and plywood panels continue to go up at the new takes flight Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station building, this season’s By Brien Barnett residents are living out the transi- Sun staff tion from old Dome to new sta- Inside TRACER mission tion. control, Patrick “JoJo” Boyle With the summer crew set- sits in the six-foot square tling into the first two occupied office listening to music and sections of the new station, there watching computer monitors is some nostalgia for Dome life, for incoming data and mes- but the large new dining facility, sages. with windows overlooking the Every now and then Boyle ceremonial South Pole, has won points to the monitor where a a lot of hearts over already. string of bright red pixels “I don’t miss the old galley suddenly appear, indicating a one bit,” said cargo technician recent high-energy cosmic Scot Jackson, “and I really ray event. The tone of his thought I would.” voice shows excitement. Head chef “Cookie” Jon “Oooh, that’s a big Emanuel is enjoying the new event… That’s an iron event facilities, too, but is feeling the for sure … There’s another pangs of the transition when it one.” comes to getting supplies up to Behind him, in the office the second floor kitchen. Despite at McMurdo Station’s Crary the limiting size and aging facil- Laboratory is a map of ities of the old kitchen, the food Antarctica with a semicircle stores were always in easy reach of sticky notes stuck to it. -
Animal Airlift, 1968 Elsner and Gerald L
olivine-rich intrusive is dominant in the westernmost part of the mountains. In the east, a small isolated outcrop consisted of sedimentary rocks in a sequence of about 50 m, containing a fossil Glosopteris flora of Permian age. All mountains were crossed by do- lerite sills and dykes. Astronomical observations of the sun and stars were made to get an exact location of the mountains; for elevation estimation, a series of pressure readings will be compared with contemporaneous ones from SANAE and Halley Bay. Measurements of the mag- netic field were also made. During work in the moun- tains, animal and plant life were observed, and some samples were taken. In January, the glaciologist travelled 70 km north to the ice shelf, where a snow pit was dug and core drillings were made in order to compare the condi- tions there to those at the main base. Facilitated by favorable conditions, the work was finished ahead of schedule. Owing to coarse sastrugi and soft snow, the LC-130 aircraft experienced difficulty in becoming airborne, but succeeded after climbing up a slope and taking off downhill. After a day at the South Pole Station, it arrived at McMurdo Station on January Kraul Mountains 20. Weddell seals being conducted by Drs. Robert W. Animal Airlift, 1968 Elsner and Gerald L. Kooyman at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and navigational studies on Adélie K. N. MOULTON penguins being conducted by Dr. Richard L. Penney of the New York Zoological Society. To utilize fully Office of Antarctic Programs the airlift capabilities of the C-141, the National National Science Foundation Science Foundation agreed to fulfill several requests from zoological parks and arrange for the return During the early morning hours of December 2, of Adélie and emperor penguins as well as south polar 1968, a (J-141 Starlifter, presently the largest trans- skuas for the Detroit, Cincinnati, St. -
U.S. Advance Exchange of Operational Information, 2005-2006
Advance Exchange of Operational Information on Antarctic Activities for the 2005–2006 season United States Antarctic Program Office of Polar Programs National Science Foundation Advance Exchange of Operational Information on Antarctic Activities for 2005/2006 Season Country: UNITED STATES Date Submitted: October 2005 SECTION 1 SHIP OPERATIONS Commercial charter KRASIN Nov. 21, 2005 Depart Vladivostok, Russia Dec. 12-14, 2005 Port Call Lyttleton N.Z. Dec. 17 Arrive 60S Break channel and escort TERN and Tanker Feb. 5, 2006 Depart 60S in route to Vladivostok U.S. Coast Guard Breaker POLAR STAR The POLAR STAR will be in back-up support for icebreaking services if needed. M/V AMERICAN TERN Jan. 15-17, 2006 Port Call Lyttleton, NZ Jan. 24, 2006 Arrive Ice edge, McMurdo Sound Jan 25-Feb 1, 2006 At ice pier, McMurdo Sound Feb 2, 2006 Depart McMurdo Feb 13-15, 2006 Port Call Lyttleton, NZ T-5 Tanker, (One of five possible vessels. Specific name of vessel to be determined) Jan. 14, 2006 Arrive Ice Edge, McMurdo Sound Jan. 15-19, 2006 At Ice Pier, McMurdo. Re-fuel Station Jan. 19, 2006 Depart McMurdo R/V LAURENCE M. GOULD For detailed and updated schedule, log on to: http://www.polar.org/science/marine/sched_history/lmg/lmgsched.pdf R/V NATHANIEL B. PALMER For detailed and updated schedule, log on to: http://www.polar.org/science/marine/sched_history/nbp/nbpsched.pdf SECTION 2 AIR OPERATIONS Information on planned air operations (see attached sheets) SECTION 3 STATIONS a) New stations or refuges not previously notified: NONE b) Stations closed or refuges abandoned and not previously notified: NONE SECTION 4 LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES AFFECTING OTHER NATIONS a) McMurdo airstrip will be used by Italian and New Zealand C-130s and Italian Twin Otters b) McMurdo Heliport will be used by New Zealand and Italian helicopters c) Extensive air, sea and land logistic cooperative support with New Zealand d) Twin Otters to pass through Rothera (UK) upon arrival and departure from Antarctica e) Italian Twin Otter will likely pass through South Pole and McMurdo. -
Draft ASMA Plan for Dry Valleys
Measure 18 (2015) Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Managed Area No. 2 MCMURDO DRY VALLEYS, SOUTHERN VICTORIA LAND Introduction The McMurdo Dry Valleys are the largest relatively ice-free region in Antarctica with approximately thirty percent of the ground surface largely free of snow and ice. The region encompasses a cold desert ecosystem, whose climate is not only cold and extremely arid (in the Wright Valley the mean annual temperature is –19.8°C and annual precipitation is less than 100 mm water equivalent), but also windy. The landscape of the Area contains mountain ranges, nunataks, glaciers, ice-free valleys, coastline, ice-covered lakes, ponds, meltwater streams, arid patterned soils and permafrost, sand dunes, and interconnected watershed systems. These watersheds have a regional influence on the McMurdo Sound marine ecosystem. The Area’s location, where large-scale seasonal shifts in the water phase occur, is of great importance to the study of climate change. Through shifts in the ice-water balance over time, resulting in contraction and expansion of hydrological features and the accumulations of trace gases in ancient snow, the McMurdo Dry Valley terrain also contains records of past climate change. The extreme climate of the region serves as an important analogue for the conditions of ancient Earth and contemporary Mars, where such climate may have dominated the evolution of landscape and biota. The Area was jointly proposed by the United States and New Zealand and adopted through Measure 1 (2004). This Management Plan aims to ensure the long-term protection of this unique environment, and to safeguard its values for the conduct of scientific research, education, and more general forms of appreciation. -
The Antarctic Sun, November 5, 2000
ww w. p o l a r. o rg / a n t s u n The November 5, 2000 PublishedA duringn the australt a summerr atctic McMurdo Station, Antarctica,Sun for the United States Antarctic Program Quote of the week “If we had to, we could run Roll out the barrels naked back to town.” Diver Rob Robbins, on wearing extreme cold weather gear to Fish Hut 4 on the sea ice 20 feet from McMurdo Station Fish story The ones that didn’t get away By Josh Landis Sun staff In a row of clear, plastic tanks in the Crary aquar- ium, a life cycle is underway. Early this season, divers brought a cache of dragonfish eggs out of the sea to be hatched in captivity. Now, for the first time ever at McMurdo, scores of the fish are growing up under the watchful eyes of researchers, giving them a look at a process that’s been largely unobserved: how their resistance to sub-freezing temperatures changes as they mature. Gently pouring plankton-rich water into the tanks, Teri McLain watches the small fry swim and twitch with hungry vigor. Each day these tiny fish reveal a little more of their species’ secrets of sur- vival, and she records it all. Fuelie Dave Tuepker checks new fuel drums for water condensation. Droplets formed inside some of them during transport to Antarctica, making them The droning of a gas-powered winch deafens the unsuitable for airplane and vehicle use. The ones that pass inspection will be inside of an old ice shack. -
The Antarctic Sun, January 15, 2006
January 15, 2006 Scientists learn volumes from ancient tracks By Emily Stone Sun staff To Molly Miller, little lines etched in stone are the history books of ancient Antarctica. Miller and her fellow scientists are hunting for tracks left by the tiny animals that inhabited the continent’s lakes and streams between 240 million and 280 million years ago. Understanding what was living here will reveal much about the climate, landscape and ecology of the period. “We’re piecing together a picture of the past,” said Miller of Vanderbilt University, Steven Profaizer / The Antarctic Sun who is a co-principal investigator on the Randy “Crunch” Noring prepares to hook a hanging cargo net to a helicopter hovering project. at Marble Point Refueling Station. The facility functions as a gas station, food stop and Her two co-principal investigators are way station for many flights in the McMurdo Dry Valleys. doing similar searches. John Isbell of the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee is looking for features in the rocks that See TINY on page 11 Much more than fuel Marble Point Refueling Station gives pilots a taste of home By Steven Profaizer Sun staff There is no question what continent you are on when standing outside the main hut at Marble Point Refueling Station. A large glacier terminates a few hundred meters away. Icebergs stick up out of the sea ice, frozen in place. And the cold, dry wind whips across your face. Inside the hut, however, you might think you’ve been whisked away to a friend’s house, complete with a small kitchen wafting the smell of chicken noodle soup, fresh-baked bread and homemade cookies. -
Support Activities
Support activities Air operations Field reduced the ceiling and visibility to zero. The Deep Freeze 71 plane landed in a blizzard and swerved off the run- way. The 68 passengers and 12 crewmen were not seriously injured, but the aircraft was damaged be- DAVID B. ELDRIDGE, JR. yond economical repair. This early season storm lasted for 3 days and de- Commander, U.S. Navy layed the opening of Hallett and Brockton Stations Commanding Officer until October 10 and 11. Hallett Stations skiway Antarctic Development Squadron Six served as an emergency airfield until early December, when excessive meltwater closed the skiway. Brockton, a three-man station on the Ross Ice Shelf, provided Antarctic Development Squadron Six (VXE-6) weather information to McMurdo Station. cmpleted its 16th consecutive season of logistic sup- The first flight to Byrd Station in almost 9 months port for the U.S. Antarctic Research Program on was made on October 14 with 21 relief personnel and March 8, 1971, when the last LC-130 Hercules re- 2.6 short tons of supplies. turned to the Naval Air Station at Quonset Point, For the next 7 days, VXE-6 concentrated on mov- Rhode Island. ing people, equipment, and supplies from Christ- Despite the loss of two aircraft-an LC-130 Her- church to McMurdo Station. Then, with the New cules and a C-121 Super Constellation-all require- Zealand backlog out of the way, intracontinental ments placed on the squadron were met. Air opera- operation resumed on October 20 with an attempted tions for Deep Freeze 71 totaled more than 6,800 medical evacuation flight to Pole Station.