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Avaliac¸˜Ao Do Status De Conservac¸˜Ao De Espécies

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Avaliac¸˜Ao Do Status De Conservac¸˜Ao De Espécies AVALIAC¸ AO~ DO STATUS DE CONSERVAC¸ AO~ DE ESPECIES´ DA FAM´ILIA PIMELODIDAE, NA MATA ATLANTICA,^ BRASIL. Camila Conti* Jos´eAugusto Senhorini ICMBio/CEPTA Rodovia Euberto Nemesio Pereira de Godoy, Km 6,5, Pirassununga/SP. CEP: 13630 - 000 [email protected] [email protected] INTRODUC¸ AO~ trouxeram de forma direta e indireta efeitos negativos sobre a ictiofauna (ALVES & POMPEU, 2005). A ordem siluriforme ocupa o terceiro lugar na lista das esp´eciesde peixes em extin¸c~ao,sendo que a fam´ıliaPi- OBJETIVOS melodidae apresenta 6 esp´eciesde porte m´edioe grande, com ampla distribui¸c~aopela Am´ericado Sul e Central. Com o objetivo de avaliar o status de conserva¸c~aode Sendo considerada amea¸cada,e possuindo mais de 8 mil esp´eciesda fam´ıliaPimelodidae na Mata Atl^antica re- esp´eciesend^emicasa Mata Atl^antica hoje ´eem biodi- alizou - se consulta a diferentes s´ıtiosde busca (bases versidade um dos 25 hotspots mundiais. Restam cerca de dados) e cole¸c~oescient´ıficasespecializadas, vincula- de 7% desta floresta, menos de 100 mil km2, sendo frag- das ao Portal CAPES, objetivando obter dados sobre a mentos min´usculos e muito espa¸cados.Al´emda perda biologia, ecologia, ´areasde ocorr^enciae amea¸cas`acon- de habitat outras amea¸casdegradam a floresta: ca¸ca, serva¸c~aodas esp´eciesem estudo.ae na Mata Atl^antica extrativismo vegetal, explora¸c~aoilegal de madeira e in- realizou - se consulta a diferentes s´ıtiosde busca (bases vas~aopor esp´eciesex´oticas(TABARELLI, 2005). A de dados) e cole¸c~oescient´ıficasespecializadas, vincula- preserva¸c~aodos ecossistemas terrestres que margeiam das ao Portal CAPES, objetivando obter dados sobre ou contornam garantem a sobreviv^enciade muitos or- a biologia, ecologia, ´areasde ocorr^enciae amea¸cas `a ganismos, como anf´ıbiose peixes, que est~aocada vez conserva¸c~aodas esp´eciesem estudo. mais amea¸cadosdevido `asaltera¸c~oespelas atividades humanas (VARJABEDIAN, 2010). A ictiofauna da maior parte das bacias hidrogr´aficas MATERIAL E METODOS´ do mundo ´eafetada negativamente pela destrui¸c~aoda mata ciliar, pela regula¸c~aodos rios, barramentos, al- Atrav´esde revis~aobibliogr´aficarealizada no Centro Na- tera¸c~aodos habitats, introdu¸c~aode esp´eciesex´oticas cional de Pesquisa e Conserva¸c~aode Peixes Continen- e polui¸c~aoda ´agua. Uma das conseq¨u^enciasda cons- tais CEPTA, ICMBio, em Pirassununga, SP, obteve tru¸c~aode barragens ´ea desestrutura¸c~aode comuni- - se dados sobre as esp´ecies estudadas: Zungaro jahu dade de peixes, pois altera radicalmente o ecossistema (Ihering 1898), Pimelodus maculatus (Lacep`ede1803), existente (ZANIBONI - FILHO & NUNER,~ 2008). Pimelodus ortmanni (Haseman 1911), Pimelodus pin- O problema atual ´eproteger n~aosomente a floresta, tado (Lundberg & Loureiro) 2008, Pimelodus pohli (Ri- mas tamb´emecossistemas aqu´aticosque abrigam estas beiro & Lucena 2006), Pimelodus platicirris (Borodin esp´ecies. Atividades como minera¸c~ao,agricultura, in- 1927), Sorubim lima (Bloch & Schneider 1801), Pini- dustrializa¸c~ao,urbaniza¸c~aoe crescimento populacional rampus pirinampu (Spix & Agassiz 1829), Pimelodus X Congresso de Ecologia do Brasil, 16 a 22 de Setembro de 2011, S~aoLouren¸co- MG 1 paranaensis (Britski & Langeani 1988), Luciopimelo- tura zool´ogicapassou a ser designado como Zungaro dus pati (Valenciennes 1835), Pseudoplatystoma cor- jahu esp´eciedo sul, sudoeste e centro - oeste brasileiro ruscans (Spix & Agassiz 1829), Parapimelodus valenci- e Zungaro zungaro esp´ecieamaz^onica (LUNDBERG & ennis (L¨utken 1874), Parapimelodus nigribarbis (Bou- LITTMANN, 2003). Houve a publica¸c~aoda \Lista lenger 1889), Megalonema platanum (G¨unther 1880), Nacional das Esp´eciesde Invertebrados Aqu´aticose Bagropsis reinhardti (L¨utken 1874). Peixes Amea¸cadasde Extin¸c~aoe Sobreexplotadas ou Amea¸cadasde Sobreexplota¸c~ao",por meio da Instru¸c~ao Normativa n.o 05 de 21 de maio de 2004 (IN - MMA RESULTADOS 05) e erroneamente a esp´ecieinclu´ıdafoi a Zungaro zun- garo, enquanto deveria ter sido inclu´ıdaa Zungaro jahu. Os dados foram obtidos atrav´esde teses, artigos ci- ent´ıficos,disserta¸c~oese boletins t´ecnicos.Nas an´alises ~ realizadas verificou - se que algumas esp´eciesapresen- CONCLUSAO tam poucos dados na literatura atual para uma com- O resultado obtido at´eo momento nos permite destacar pila¸c~aoe avalia¸c~aoadequada sobre sua conserva¸c~ao. E´ como amea¸cadasde extin¸c~aoos Siluriformes: Zungaro o caso de Bagropsis reinhardti, com 05 trabalhos publi- jahu, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, Pimelodus platicir- cados, Megalonema platanum, com 06 trabalhos, Para- ris e Bagropsis reinhardti. J´aesp´eciescomo Pimelodus pimelodus valenciennis, com 07 trabalhos, Pimelodus pohli, Pimelodus pintado, Pimelodus ortmanni, Pimelo- ortmanni, com 07 trabalhos, Pimelodus paranaensis, dus paranaensis, Parapimelodus nigribarbis, Parapime- com 06 trabalhos, Pimelodus pintado, com 02 trabalhos, lodus valenciennis e Luciopimelodus pati n~aoapresen- Pimelodus pohli, com 04 trabalhos, Pimelodus platicir- tam dados suficientes para sua avalia¸c~ao,sendo pouco ris, com 07 trabalhos. As demais esp´eciesapresentaram descritas na literatura atual. um n´umeromaior de trabalhos encontrados: Luciopi- melodus pati 27, Parapimelodus nigribarbis 23, Pimelo- dus maculatus 68, Pinirampus pirinampu 55, Pseudo- REFERENCIAS^ platystoma corruscans 67, Sorubim Lima 15, Zungaro Jahu 28. ALVES, C.B.M. & POMPEU, P.S. Historical Changes Algumas esp´eciesapresentam - se nas listas estadu- in the Rio das Velhas Fish Fauna|Brazil. American ais de esp´ecies amea¸cadas publicadas, ´e o caso de: Fisheries Society Symposium 45:587602, 2005. Pseudoplatystoma corruscans(Spix & Agassiz, 1829): LUNDBERG, J. G. & LITTMANN, M. W. Family Pi- vulner´avel no Rio Grande do Sul, amea¸cada no es- melodidae (Long - whiskered catfishes). In: REIS, R. tado de S~aoPaulo, quase amea¸cadano Paran´a,pre- E.; Kullander, S. O. & Ferraris, Jr., C. J. eds. Check sumivelmente amea¸cada em Minas Gerais. Megalo- List of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central nema platanum (G¨unther, 1880): Dados Deficientes America. Edipucrs, Porto Alegre. 2003. no estado de S~aoPaulo, presumivelmente amea¸cado TABARELLI, M.; PINTO, L.P.; SILVA, J.M.C.; HI- em Minas Gerais. Pimelodus paranaensis (Britski & ROTA, M.M.; BEDE,^ L.C. Desafios e Oportunida- Langeani, 1988): apresenta - se como vulner´avel no des para a Conserva¸c~aoda Biodiversidade na Mata estado de S~ao Paulo. Bagropsis reinhardti (Luet- Atl^antica Brasileira. Megadiversidade, vol.1, 2005. ken, 1875): presumivelmente amea¸cadoem Minas Ge- VARJABEDIAN, R. Lei da Mata Atl^antica: Retro- rais. Zungaro jahu(Ihering, 1898): amea¸cadono es- cesso ambiental. Estud. av., S~aoPaulo, v. 24, n. 68, tado de S~aoPaulo, criticamente em perigo em Mi- 2010. nas Gerais, vulner´avel no Paran´a. Esta esp´ecieapre- ZANIBONI - FILHO, E. & NUNER,~ A.P.O. Reser- senta em situa¸c~aodesfavor´avel devido a sua nomen- vat´oriode It´a: Estudos Ambientais, Desenvolvimento clatura, pois era conhecida como Paulicea luetkeni, de Tecnologias de Cultivo e Conserva¸c~aoda Ictiofauna. mas atrav´esdas normas internacionais de nomencla- Florian´opolis: Ed. da UFSC, 2008. X Congresso de Ecologia do Brasil, 16 a 22 de Setembro de 2011, S~aoLouren¸co- MG 2.
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