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SCIENCE - GRADE 5 Monday, May 18 – Friday, May 22

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SCIENCE - GRADE 5 Monday, May 18 – Friday, May 22 SCIENCE - GRADE 5 Monday, May 18 – Friday, May 22 PURPOSE Grade Level Expectation: 5-PS2-1 (New Material) I can support an argument that the gravitational force exerted by Earth on objects is directed down. WATCH Monday: In Your World: Analyze this photo gallery. What do you notice about the birds? How are they remaining in the air? Is gravity different on birds than other animals and objects? Tuesday: Watch this video, Good Thinking!—Falling 101, to learn more about gravity and how matter, mass, and air resistance impact the gravitational force on objects. For a screen free option, read the Gravity Fact Sheet. Wednesday: Watch this video, Gravity & Inertia to learn more about the center of gravity, inertia, and how more or less mass affects the gravitational force on objects. For a screen free option, read the Gravity Fact Sheet. Thursday: Watch this video, Gravity 2: Air Resistance, to learn more about air resistance on objects of varying weights. PRACTICE The following activities provide opportunities for students to practice their learning. Monday: Watch this video to learn more about the Center of Gravity. For practice, try finding the center of gravity with three objects at home. Do this by balancing it on your finger or another object. When an object is balanced, you have found the center of gravity. Using your observations how might this relate to a bird’s flight? Tuesday- Complete Galileo’s Balloon Investigation. Using your observations from the investigation, support the provided claim with evidence and reasoning. You may refer to the Gravity Fact Sheet and Tuesday discussion questions for additional support. Wednesday- Following the video, you may practice your science knowledge with the online quiz. Click here for a screen free practice quiz. How do these activities help you to understand a bird’s flight? Thursday: Complete this Falling for Gravity Investigation. Using your observations from the investigation and knowledge of science, support the provided claim with evidence and reasoning. You may refer to the Gravity Fact Sheet and Thursday discussion questions for additional support. DISCUSS Monday: How can a bird remain in the air for long periods of time? Why wouldn’t the gravitational force on birds pull it to Earth? Tuesday: Does mass or air resistance change the gravitational force on objects? Explain. What observations in the investigation helped you to determine the effects of mass and air resistance on gravitational force? How long did it take each item to fall? Why did this happen? Can you apply your new learning to explain how the gravitational force on birds? Wednesday: If you were to explain the gravitational force of a pencil and a table to your friend, what could you say about their attraction? Why does this happen? Be sure to discuss mass when explaining. Thursday: Does one marble win the race, or is it a tie? Do you receive the same results for each race? Is air resistance a factor? Is mass a factor? PRODUCT Friday Support an argument that the gravitational force exerted by Earth on objects is directed down. Read and analyze How Birds Fly: An In-Depth Journey North Lesson by website or screen free option. Review concepts learned this week. Respond to the prompt using a CER format. C – Claim: State a claim to explain how the gravitational force exerted by Earth on birds is directed down even though birds can remain in the air for extended amounts of time. E – Evidence: Cite evidence from this week’s learning to support your claim. R – Reasoning: Apply your knowledge of science to explain your evidence. Screen free opportunities Monday through Wednesday in the Watch Section. • Bird Photo Gallery Screen Free • Gravity Fact Sheet Activities Screen free opportunities Monday through Thursday in the Practice Section. • Center of Gravity in Home Objects • “Galileo’s Balloon Investigation” • Gravity & Inertia Practice Quiz • “Falling for Gravity Investigation” Screen free opportunities on Friday in the Product Section. • How Birds Fly: An In-Depth Journey North Lesson and CER prompt Photo Gallery Gravity Fact Sheet Gravity Fact Sheet Gravity is the pull from Earth that keeps objects from floating into space. Gravitational Force is the attraction between any two objects. Any two objects attract each other with equal gravitational force. Force can cause an object to change direction. Mass is the weight of an object. The more mass an object has, the harder it is to move. The less mass an object has, the easier it is to move. Objects with less mass are pulled toward Earth by gravity because they are smaller and have much less mass than Earth. These objects feel the force more. Take a basketball for example. It has a much smaller mass than Earth, so the gravitational force pulls it towards Earth. Smaller objects are pulled toward the larger object. The moon, on the other hand, has much more mass. The moon still feels an equal gravitational force from Earth, but it is not pulled to the ground because it is so large. This means that all objects have equal gravitational force, but smaller objects are pulled to Earth because they are easier to move. Many believe that heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects. This is not true. Objects dropped of varying mass from the same height will hit the ground at the same time as long as the objects are not affected by air resistance. Air Resistance—If air has the ability to pass through objects as it falls, it will slow the object in its fall. For example, a piece of paper or feather has the ability to let air slow its fall. The object hits the ground later than other objects, not because of the gravitational pull, but rather because of the effect of air resistance. Gravitational force pulls from each object’s center of gravity—The exact center of an object’s mass is its center of gravity. Think of balance. When an object is balanced in a particular place, you have found its center of gravity. Try finding the center of gravity of a pencil using your finger. Lay the pencil long ways over the tip of your finger. Adjust the pencil until it can balance on your finger. When you can balance the pencil on your finger, your finger is touching the pencil’s center of gravity. Different objects have different centers of gravity. Galileo’s Balloon Investigation Adapted from Turtlediary.com The purpose of this experiment is to observe Earth’s gravitational force on objects of different weights. At the end of this experiment, you will need to use your observations to justify this claim: Earth’s gravitational pull exerts its force on objects pulling them straight down toward Earth. Materials: For this activity, you will need a sturdy chair, stopwatch, balloon, household items. Directions: 1. Gather household items of different weights and sizes. (i.e. ball, action figure, doll, balloon, etc.) 2. Stand on a chair and drop each item one at a time from the same height. 3. Record/Observe how long it takes each item to reach the ground. How long did it take each item to hit the ground? Many believe heavier items hit the ground first. However, this is not true. The rate of Earth’s gravitational pull on all objects is the same no matter their weight. Given the absence of air resistance, each object should reach the floor at the same time. Items that experience air resistance land later. Do your findings support this? How is this different from last week’s paper investigation? What impact did air resistance play? TASK: Using your observations, support the following claim with evidence. C – Claim: Earth’s gravitational pull exerts its force on objects pulling them straight down toward Earth. E – Evidence: Cite evidence from the investigation to support your claim. R – Reasoning: Apply your knowledge of science to explain your evidence. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Gravity & Inertia Practice Quiz Adapted from StudyJams.Scholastic.com 1. Which of these can cause a moving object to change direction? a. Inertia b. Velocity c. Force d. Mass 2. What is gravitational force? a. the force that keeps people from moving b. the force of attraction between any two objects c. the force that makes inert objects start moving d. the only force that changes an object’s velocity 3. Where is an object’s center of gravity? a. the exact center of its mass b. the part that is closest to the Earth c. any part of an object, as long as it has mass d. all of the above 4. A paperclip and a computer are sitting on your desk. What is true about the gravitational force of these two objects? a. The paperclip attracts the computer with less gravitational force than the computer attracts the paperclip. b. The computer and the paperclip attract each other with equal gravitational force. c. The computer attracts the paperclip with less gravitational force than the paperclip attracts the computer. d. There is no gravitational force between the computer and the paperclip. 5. Why don’t we see the ground coming toward us? a. We have less gravitational force than the Earth. b. We have more inertia than the Earth. c. We have less mass than the Earth. d. We are already standing on the Earth. 6. Why doesn’t the moon crash toward the Earth’s surface? a. It has very little inertia, so it stays in the sky and floats through space. b. It has a lot of mass, so it feels the Earth’s gravitational force less than smaller objects do.
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