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Well Stimulation Activities and the Characterisation of Stimulation Fluids 178 177 11.0 Well stimulation activities and the characterisation of stimulation fluids 178 11.0 Well stimulation activities and the characterisation of stimulation fluids # Department Condition Description Completion date Status Pre-Dec 2012 Post-Dec 2012 October 2013 and 37 Annual update of bores to be stimulated 49e 53B c annually thereafter 38 Submission of reports to Queensland regulatory agencies As required 39 Ecotoxicity Work Program Development April 2013 Toxicity and Ecotoxicity Profiles for new chemicals. Completion of total toxicity and ecotoxicity testing. 40 Ecotoxicity testing to be carried out in accordance with the 2000 December 2013 49f 53B c NWQMS Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality. Collection of representative samples of flow back water 41 Ongoing immediately post-stimulation and analysis Preparation of Stimulation Fluids Risk Assessment incorporating 60 53B c February 2014 results of Hazard Characterisation (DTA) Commitments completed Evergreen Commitments Commitments work in progress Firm deliverables for that month Condition 53B(b) replaces Condition 49F of the Stage 2 WMMP 11.1 INTRODUCTION Application of hydraulic well stimulation techniques can increase CSG production from low-yielding and otherwise uneconomic wells. The objective is to enhance coal seam openings to increase the pathways for gas to flow. For the QCLNG project, stimulation activities are undertaken in the Walloon Coal Measures, normally at depths of greater than 400 m. Pre-stimulation risk assessments identify any potential impacts on the water environment and pre and post-stimulation monitoring is focused on any impact that may be occurring. The potential impact of stimulation fluids on freshwater biota is addressed through direct ecotoxicity testing. QGC provided a detailed outline of its approach to management and monitoring of hydraulic well stimulation in the Stage 2 CSG WMMP. Information was provided on: • Details of well stimulation activities in 2011 and 2012 and estimates of the number of well stimulations in 2013 and 2014. An update is provided in Section 11.3; • Details of stimulation fluid constituents and stimulation fluid chemical selection; • Toxicological and ecotoxicological information for stimulation chemicals; • Stimulation water management; • Stimulation fluid chemistry and water monitoring data; • Pre-stimulation and post-stimulation water quality data and assessment; and • A qualitative groundwater and surface water quality risk assessment. For completeness Chapter 13.0 Well Stimulation from the Stage 2 CSG WMMP has been included as an appendix (Appendix M) to this Plan. For the Stage 3 WMMP, QGC has: • Provided an update of planned stimulation activities for 2013/2014; and • Outlined a program of ecotoxicity hazard assessment and associated risk assessment. 179 11.2 BACKGROUND SUMMARY Well stimulation techniques can increase CSG production from low yielding or otherwise uneconomic wells. The objective of hydraulic well stimulation is to enhance openings in the coal and increase the pathways for gas to flow. For the QCLNG project, stimulation activities are undertaken in the Walloon Coal Measures (WCM) and normally occur at depths greater than 400 m. QGC's stimulation monitoring and management process includes the use of a range of diagnostic tools to measure hydraulic fracture stimulation performance, such as: • Production logging tools; • Temperature surveys; • Production testing and sampling; • Tracers to measure extent of the fracture; • Microseismic wells which register ground vibration; and • Tiltmeter arrays to measure ground movement. Typically fracturing of coal seams in the WCM has an estimated fracture height range of between 0 and 40 m and an estimated average lateral extent of approximately 100 m. Due to the depth of stimulation activities in the WCM, limited coal thickness and extent, estimated height and extent of fractures and the stimulation fluid water quality, there is considered to be little risk of contamination of other geological formations and negligible risk of contamination of surface waters. For a hydraulic fracturing event, water quality is assessed in the well and flowback waters. Monitoring of active landholders' groundwater bores (subject to access being permitted by the landholder) may be monitored under certain Queensland government EA conditions. These are for the cases where: • Active landholders' groundwater bores are located within a 2 km horizontal radius from the location of the stimulation initiation point; • Active landholders' groundwater bores are within 200 m vertically of the stimulation initiation point; and • Any other bore that could potentially be adversely impacted by the stimulation activity in accordance with the findings of the risk assessment. This monitoring occurs at a frequency of monthly for the first six months and then annually for another five years in accordance with DEHP EA conditions. Note no situation has arisen to date where private landholder bore monitoring has been necessary. 11.3 QGC STIMULATION PROGRAM QGC reports details of its well stimulation program, covering completed activities and wells listed for possible stimulation in the year ahead. QGC's current and short term stimulation program for the Surat Basin is focused on trialing, developing and optimising stimulation techniques prior to full scale stimulation activities commencing. This is not expected to occur until 2018. Consequently, in calendar year 2012, four well stimulations were completed (refer Table 11-1). A total of eight well stimulations have been completed for the 2013 program as shown in Table 11-1. Locations are shown at Figure 11-1. The indicative stimulation program for 2014 could consist of up to 33 wells with 13 wells in the Northern Development Area and 20 wells in the Southern Gas Fields (refer Table 11-2). At this stage no well stimulations beyond those identified in Table 11-1 are confirmed. Stimulation requirements for the QCLNG project beyond 2014 will be developed over the next two years. It is expected that in the order of 1,900 wells may be stimulated over the life of the QCLNG project. 180 Stimulation Easting Northing Block Well # Tenure completion date (E_MGA94) (N_MGA94) Celeste 10 ATP 648 20/11/2011 270893.18 6990093.82 Celeste 11 ATP 648 22/11/2011 270893.18 6988593.26 Myrtle 9 ATP 621 20/04/2012 270893.18 6966408.58 Myrtle 10 ATP 621 30/04/2012 268659.05 6967122.6 Cameron 8 ATP 852 24/05/2012 769685.1 7109076.46 Cameron 10 ATP 852 07/06/2012 769482.54 7108052.6 Kathleen 6 ATP 651 16/04/2013 766550.452 7097888.617 Kathleen 3 ATP 651 21/04/2013 766686.401 7098716.439 Kathleen 2 ATP 651 27/04/2013 765622.056 7099344.191 Kathleen 5 ATP 651 01/05/2013 765315.547 7098418.084 Clunie 7 ATP 648 02/06/2013 288871.896 6977144.231 Clunie 8 ATP 648 10/06/2013 288208.099 6976713.773 Clunie 9 ATP 648 17/06/2013 289544.684 6976881.162 Clunie 10 ATP 648 26/06/2013 288499.545 6977848.576 Table 11-1 – Well stimulations, 2011 to 2013 Location of Completed ! WANDOAN ! Cameron 8, 10 X and Planned Stimulation LocationWells of ! ! ! Cam 6 completedLocation of Candomp plannedleted Kathleen 2, 3, 5, 6 ! ! ! WANDOAN X ! Cameron 8, 10 X andT oPwnl/Caitny ned Stimulation ! Location of Completed Woleebee Creek 109, !! ! stimulation wells 111, 119, 120, 129 ! Main Road ! !! WANDOAN Wells Cameron! 8, 10 X and Planned Stimulation Mamdal 3, 5, 6 ! QGC Field ! ! Cam 6 Wells Kathleen 2, 3, 5, 6 ! ! X QTCowLNn/GC iPtyroject Area ! Woleebee Creek 10!9,! ! ! Cam 6 Town/City Kathleen 2, 3, 5, 6 ! !! ! 111, 119, 120, 129 AMTaPi8n5 R2o, AadTP768 and PL401 !! X Town/City ! ! Main Road Woleebee Creek 109, !! ! Mamdal 3, 5, 6 StimulatiQonG WC eFlilesld 111, 119, 120, 129 Main Road !! ! QCLNG Project Area ! CQoCmLpNleGte Pd rPojreec 2t 0A1re1a Mamdal 3, 5, 6 QGC Field ! QGC Block CAoTmPp8l5e2te, dA T2P01716 8- 2a0n1d3 PL401 Connor 1 ! QCLNG Project Area ! ATP852, ATP768, PL401 StimulaPtiroonp oWsedll s2013 / 2014 ATP852, ATP768 and PL401 ! Completed Pre 2011 SStimulationtimulation WWellsells ! Completed 2011 - 2013 DULACCA ! Completed Pre 2011 X Connor 1 ! MILES Completed pre 2011 ! Proposed 2013 / 2014 X ! Completed 2011 - 2013 Connor 1 ! Completed 2011 - 2013 ! PProposedroposed 22013/2014013 / 2014 XCHINCHILLA DULACCA X ! MILES Andrew 2, 3 ! X JAXNDOWAE XDULACCA XMILES Berwyndale South 11 ! ! CHINCHILLA Arvin 1 ! !! Berwyndale South 21, 22, 28 X ! !!!!! !! Berwyndale South Andrew 2, 3 Berwyndale South 32 CHINCHILLA JANDOWAE 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 12, 62 X X Andrew 2, 3 !! JANDOWAE Berwyndale South 11 X ! ! Arvin 1 ! !! Berwyndale South 21, 22, 28 ! !!!!! Berwyndale SBoeruwthy n1d1ale South DATE: 29/10/2013 MAP NO: M_28176_02 Berwyndale South 3!2 ! Arvin 1 ! !! B1,e 2rw, 3yn, d4a, l5e, S8,o 1u2th, 6221, 22, 28 ! CREATED BY: TM REV NO: B !!!!! Berwyndale South Jammat 4 CHECKED BY: PM MAP TYPE: v4Other Berwyndale South 32 ! 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 12, 62 PLAN REF: ! ! Jordan 9 0 8 16 24 32 Jordan 10 ! Jordan 2 DATE: 29/10/2013 MAP NO: M_28176_02 !! ! ! Jordan 4, 6, 8 Kilometres± Margaret 4, 5, 7 !! CREATED BY: TM REV NO: B ! Jordan 14 DCAHTEEC:KE0D BY2: 98/10/20P1M316 MAP NT2YO4 P: E: M_3281v74O6_th0e2r JamCmealte 4ste 10 ! ! Poppy 14 Celeste 11 !! ! ! CPRLAENAT REEDF B: Y: TKilMometRersEV NO: B !!! ! Jordan 9 Jordan 10 ! !! PM v4Other Celeste 15, 16, 17, 19, J2a0mmat !4 ! !Poppy 15, 191, 192, CMaHp PEroCjecKtioEn: D G DBA Y94: MAP TYPSECA:LE: 1:600,000 (A3) !Celeste 2, J4ord!a!n! 2 ! 201, 211, 212, 213 PLAN REF: !!! ! DATA SOURCE: Roads - NavTeq TARA Jo!rdan 10BarJnoerdy a1n0 J4o, r6d,a 8n 9 ± Margaret 4, 5, 7 !! ! Towns - GA X ! JordJaonr d1a4n 2 ! !! 0 Field8s - DNRM 16 24 32 !!Celeste 10 ! Clunie 7, 8, 9, 10 ! ! !Jordan 4, 6, 8Poppy 14! !! ± Ridgewood 3,! 4!, 5, 6, 10M! ! ! !! Kilometers Margaret 4, 5, 7 Celeste 11!!!! Note: Every effort has been made to ensure this information is spatially accurate. The location of !Jordan! 14Clunie 11, 12 this information should not be relied on as the exact field location.
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