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your guide to BREASTFEEDING LEARNING TO BREASTFEED: FIND OUT THE BEST BREASTFEEDING HOLD FOR NEWBORNS AND HOW IT WORKS. Page 12 COMMON QUESTIONS: CAN I TAKE MEDICINE WHILE BREASTFEEDING? DO I NEED BIRTH CONTROL? FIND OUT THE ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS AND MORE. Page 30 BREASTFEEDING IN PUBLIC: FIND TIPS FOR MAKING LEARN ABOUT IT WORK. Page 38 THE HEALTH BENEFITS COMMON CHALLENGES: LEARN TIPS FOR SAYING FOR MOM AND BABY! FAREWELL TO SORE Page 4 NIPPLES! Page 22 The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office on Women’s Health (OWH) is raising awareness of the importance of breastfeeding to help mothers give their babies the best start possible in life. In addition to this guide, OWH offers online content at www.womenshealth.gov/breastfeeding and www.womenshealth.gov/itsonlynatural. OWH also runs the National Breastfeeding Helpline at 800-994-9662 . Through its Supporting Nursing Moms at Work: Employer Solutions site, OWH helps businesses support nursing mothers with cost-effective tips and time and space solutions, listed by industry. Learn more at www.womenshealth.gov/breastfeeding/ employer-solutions. OWH also partners with the Health Resources and Services Administration’s Maternal and Child Health Bureau to educate employers about the needs of breastfeeding mothers via The Business Case for Breastfeeding. The Affordable Care Act helps pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers get the medical care and support they and their children need. Learn more at www.HealthCare.gov. There are so many reasons to breastfeed • The joyful closeness and bonding with your baby • The specific nutrition only you can provide • The cost savings • Health benefits for mother and baby KEEP IN MIND THAT FEEDING YOUR BABY IS A LEARNED SKILL. It takes patience and practice. For some women, learning to breastfeed can be frustrating and uncomfortable. It may also seem more difficult, especially if your baby was born early or you have certain health problems. The good news is that it will get easier, and support for breastfeeding mothers is available. YOUR GUIDE TO BREASTFEEDING CONTENTS WHY BREASTFEEDING FINDING SUPPORT BREASTFEEDING IS IMPORTANT AND INFORMATION MYTHS Healthy babies and Health professionals Myths about 4 mothers 7 who can help with 10 breastfeeding are breastfeeding, and common. Get the facts. how to find support by phone HOW YOUR MILK LEARNING TO COMMON IS MADE BREASTFEED CHALLENGES How your body meets Follow your baby’s Tips for 11 your baby’s nutrition 12 lead from the first 22 troubleshooting needs minute of life for common problems breastfeeding success COMMON BREASTFEEDING BREASTFEEDING AND QUESTIONS A BABY WITH SPECIAL SITUATIONS Find out whether your A HEALTH PROBLEM Having twins or more? 30 baby needs cereal, if 32 What to know if your 35 Information for moms you can take medicine baby has jaundice, of multiples, mothers while breastfeeding, reflux, or colic who are adopting, and more and more BREASTFEEDING PUMPING AND GOING BACK IN PUBLIC STORING YOUR MILK TO WORK Ways to feel Learn about the Your rights and 38 comfortable feeding 39 different types of 44 how to talk to your your baby while out breast pumps and how employer about your and about to get them, plus tips breastfeeding needs on how to store your milk NUTRITION AND HANDLING WEANING FITNESS STRESS YOUR BABY How to take care Coping tips to Get tips for when 47 of yourself while 49 help keep stress 50 and how to wean breastfeeding at bay your baby TEAR-OUT TOOLS Breastmilk storage guide, page 42 Write down questions Jot it down: questions to ask your to ask your doctor and TOOLS YOU CAN USE doctor (page 54) and questions to 53 your baby’s doctor, ask your baby’s doctor (page 53) and keep track of diapers and feedings Tear-out feeding chart, page 55 YOUR GUIDE TO BREASTFEEDING WHY BREASTFEEDING IS IMPORTANT BREASTFEEDING PROTECTS BABIES YOUR FIRST MILK IS LIQUID GOLD. mature milk has just the right amount of This protection is unique and changes Called liquid gold for its deep yellow fat, sugar, water, and protein to help your to meet your baby’s needs. Research color, colostrum is the thick first milk that baby continue to grow. It looks thinner suggests that breastfed babies have lower you make during pregnancy and just after than colostrum, but it has the nutrients risks of 1: birth. This milk is very rich in nutrients and antibodies your baby needs for • Asthma and includes antibodies to protect your healthy growth. • Childhood leukemia baby from infections. Colostrum also • Childhood obesity helps your newborn infant’s digestive FORMULA IS HARDER TO DIGEST. • Ear infections system to grow and function. Your baby For most babies, especially premature • Eczema (atopic dermatitis) gets only a small amount of colostrum at babies, breastmilk substitutes like • Diarrhea and vomiting each feeding because the stomach of a formula are harder to digest than • Lower respiratory infections newborn infant is tiny and can hold only breastmilk. Formula is made from cow’s • Necrotizing enterocolitis, a disease a small amount. (Turn to page 20 to see milk, and it often takes time for babies’ that affects the gastrointestinal tract just how small your newborn’s tummy is!) stomachs to adjust to digesting it. in preterm infants • Sudden infant death syndrome YOUR MILK CHANGES AS YOUR BABY GROWS. BREASTMILK FIGHTS DISEASE. (SIDS) Colostrum changes into mature milk The cells, hormones, and antibodies in • Type 2 diabetes by the third to fifth day after birth. This breastmilk protect babies from illness. If you have certain health conditions that won't allow you to breastfeed, donor milk is the first food choice for your baby. If you do not have access to donor milk, DID YOU KNOW? formula is the second food choice for your baby. To learn more about breastfeeding restrictions in the mother, see page 30. To learn more about donor milk banks, see page 37. 1Stuebe, A. (2009). The Risks of Not Breastfeeding for Mothers and Infants. Obstetrics and Gynecology; 2(4): 222–231. 4 Besides giving your baby nourishment and helping to keep your baby from CAN BREASTFEEDING HELP ME becoming sick, breastfeeding may help you lose weight. Many women who breastfed LOSE WEIGHT? their babies said it helped them get back to their pre-pregnancy weight more quickly, but experts are still looking at the effects of breastfeeding on weight loss. WHY BREASTFEEDING IS RIGHT FOR YOU Did you know that your baby can smell You won’t need to warm bottles in the BREASTFEEDING KEEPS MOTHER AND BABY CLOSE. you and knows the unique scent of your middle of the night! When you breastfeed, Physical contact is important to breastmilk? This is why your baby will you can satisfy your baby’s hunger right newborns. It helps them feel more secure, turn her head to you when she is hungry. away. warm, and comforted. Mothers also Your baby is born with an instinct to benefit from this closeness. The skin-to- suckle at your breasts. NOT BREASTFEEDING COSTS MONEY. skin contact boosts your oxytocin levels. Formula and feeding supplies can cost Oxytocin is a hormone that helps LIFE CAN BE EASIER WHEN YOU BREASTFEED. more than $1,500 each year. Breastfed breastmilk flow and can calm the mother. Breastfeeding can make your life easier babies may also be sick less often, which once you and your baby settle into a good can help keep your baby’s health costs BREASTFEEDING IS GOOD FOR THE MOTHER’S HEALTH, TOO. routine. When you breastfeed, there are no lower. bottles and nipples to sterilize. You do not Breastfeeding is linked to a lower risk of have to buy, measure, and mix formula. Type 2 diabetes, certain types of breast cancer, and ovarian cancer in mothers.2 BREASTFEEDING GLOSSARY Nutrients are any food substance that provides energy or helps build tissue. Antibodies are blood proteins made in response to germs or other foreign substances that enter the body. Antibodies help the body fight illness and disease by attaching to germs and marking them for destruction. The gastrointestinal system is made up of the stomach and the small and large intestines. It breaks down and absorbs food. The respiratory system includes the nose, throat, voice box, windpipe, and lungs. Air is breathed in, delivering oxygen. Waste gas is removed from the lungs when you breathe out. 2U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2011). The Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Support Breastfeeding. 5 YOUR GUIDE TO BREASTFEEDING YOUR GUIDE TO BREASTFEEDING Breastfeeding protects your baby Your milk is always at the right from the risks of an unclean water temperature for your baby. It helps to supply. keep your baby’s body temperature from DURING AN EMERGENCY, SUCH dropping too low. Your milk is readily AS A NATURAL DISASTER, Breastfeeding can help protect your available without needing other supplies. BREASTFEEDING CAN SAVE YOUR baby against respiratory illnesses BABY’S LIFE: and diarrhea. Even if you aren’t able to eat regular meals, your baby will still be able to feed. BREASTFEEDING IS GOOD FOR SOCIETY Society benefits overall when mothers BREASTFEEDING SAVES MONEY. BREASTFEEDING IS BETTER FOR THE ENVIRONMENT. breastfeed. The United States would also save Formula cans and bottle supplies create $2.2 billion per year. This is because more trash and plastic waste. Your milk BREASTFEEDING SAVES LIVES. medical care costs are lower for fully is a renewable resource that comes Recent research shows that if 90 percent breastfed infants than never-breastfed packaged and warmed. of families breastfed exclusively for 6 infants. Breastfed infants usually need months, nearly 1,000 deaths among fewer sick care visits, prescriptions, and infants could be prevented.