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SOUTH AMERICAN LIZARDS in the COLD Made and Many Lots Of 59.81, 1 (8) 59.81, 1.07 (74.71) Article VII.-SOUTH AMERICAN LIZARDS IN THE COLD LECTION OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BY CHARLES E. BURT AND MAY DANHEIM BURT CONTENTS FIGURES 1 TO 15 PAGE INTRODUCTION............................................. ........... 227 SUMMARY OF TAXONOMIC ALTERATIONS...................................... 228 LIST OF THE SPECIES OF SOUTH AMERICAN LIZARDS IN THE COLLECTION OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY.......................... 232 SYSTEMATIC DISCuSSION OF THE LIZARDS OF THE FAMILIES REPRESENTED IN THE COLLECTION................................................... 238 Amphisbaenidal ................................................ 238 Anguida ........................................................ 241 Gekkonida ................................................... 243 Iguanide ........................................................ 254 Scincidle....................................................... 299 Teiide.......................................................... 302 LITERATURE CITED................................................. 380 INDEX..... 387 INTRODUCTION In the past, particularly during the last twenty years, many mem- bers of the scientific staff of The American Museum of Natural History have maintained an active interest in the fauna of South America. As a consequence of this, numerous expeditions and exchanges have been made and many lots of amphibians and reptiles have accumulated. The importance of these specimens will be evident to those who study the papers based upon them and note the distributional representation of the various forms. Since the appearance of Boulenger's 'Catalogue of the Lizards' in 1885 and 1887, there has been no comprehensive systematic treatment of the lizards of South America. Yet, during the interval between 1885 and the present time, much analytical work has been done on various small collections. This has resulted in the proposal and tentative recogni- tion of many new forms, some of which are found to be invalid in the light of the present synthetic analysis. This study, although usually confined in scope to the material at hand, presents a practical revision of various genera, among them the 227 228 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History [VOl. LXI little-known Enyalioides and many of the Teiidae, and furnishes important facts pertaining to the representatives of many other genera. Also, in this regard, the most significant taxonomic data, such as the citation of recent synonyms, type localities, and the inclusion of distributional records on all of the specimens in The American Museum of Natural History, have been given under each form. Data pertaining to the American Museum's expeditions in Colombia and Ecuador have been excellently summarized by Chapman (1917 and 1926), who has prepared extensive accounts of the bird-life of this section of South America. In addition, interesting accounts pertaining to the character of the Mount Roraima region (Tate, 1930) and of the Mount Duida region (Tate and Hitchcock, 1930) have recently appeared, these being based on data secured on American Museum's expeditions to the areas concerned. The writers are indebted to Dr. G. K. Noble, who has maintained an active interest in South American herpetology (thereby doing much to build up the collection under discussion), for his enthusiastic support and helpful criticism of this study, and to G. H. H. Tate for checking the spelling of many of the localities mentioned therein. Thanks are extended here to Clifford H. Pope and William G. Hassler for the aid that they have given. The writers also take this opportunity to express their appreciation to Dr. Leonhard Stejneger and Dr. Thomas Barbour for permission to examine the large collections of the United States National Museum and the Museum of Comparative Zoology, respectively, for comparative material. All of the illustrations have been prepared by Mrs. William Beutenmuller. SUMMARY OF TAXONOMIC ALTERATIONS The following species and subspecies are described here for the first time: PAGE Arthrosaura tatei, new species............................................ 313 Bachia barbouri, new species ........................................... 318 Neusticurus ecpleopus cochranxe, new subspecies............................. 350 Pantodactylus nicefori, new species......................................... 360 Pantodactylus tyleri, new species........................................... 362 The following forms are reduced to subspecific rank under the various formwa typicaw concerned: PAGE Enyalioides laticepsfesta (Peracca), formerly E. feste Peracca ...... ......... 266 Leiocephalus iridescens aculeatus (O'Shaughnessy), formerly L. aculeatus (O'Shaughnessy)................................................... 269 19311 Burt, South American Lizards 229: PAGE Leiocephalus ornatus trachycephalus (Dumeril), formerly L. trachycephalus (Dum6ril) ........................................................ 272 Liolxemus multiformis simonsii (Boulenger), formerly L. simonsiiBoulenger.... 277 Phymaturus paUuma patagonicus (Koslowsky), formerly P. patagonicus Kos- lowsky........................................................... 281 Tropidurus occipitalis bocourtii (Boulenger), formerly T. bocourtii Boulenger... 291 Tropidurus torquatus hispidus (Spix), formerly T. hispidus (Spix) ............ 296 Euspondylus ockendeni holmgreni (Andersson), formerly Prionodactylus holm- greni Andersson.............. ....................... 335 Neusticurus ecpleopus ecpleopus (Cope), formerly N. ecpleopus Cope .......... 353 Neusticurus ecpleopus oceUatus (Sinitsin), formerly N. ocellatus Sinitsin ........ 354 Pantodactylus buckleyi festae Peracca, formerly Alopoglossus festm Peracca. 359 Three species are referred to different genera in this manner: PAGE Celestus hancocki Slevin becomes Diploglossus hancocki (Slevin).......... I.... 242 Perodactylus kraepelini Werner becomes Colobosaura krzepelini (Werner) ...... 302 Cnemidophorus heterolepis Tschudi becomes Dicrodon heterolepis (Tschudi) .... 327 A number of commonly recognized genera are placed in the synonymy of previously described genera, as follows: PAGE Saccodeira Girard =Proctotretus Dum6ril and Bibron........................ 286 Tiaporus Cope=Ameiva Meyer........................................... 303 Prionodactylus O'Shaughnessy =Euspondylus Tschudi.. 331 Monoplocus Gunther =Kentropyx Spix...................................... 342 Hylosaurus Miller =Leposoma Spix........................................ 346 Loxopholis Cope -Pantodactylus Dum6ril and Bibron............ 357 Alopoglossus Boulenger = Pantodactylus Dum6ril and Bibron. 357 Gonioptychus Werner =Proctoporus Tschudi................................. 365 Oreosaurus Peters= Proctoporus Tschudi.................................... 367 This necessitates the transfer of many valid forms from one genus to another, as follows: PAGE Saccodeira azurea (Miiller) = Proctotretus azureus (Muller).................... 286 Saccodeira ornatissima Girard =Proctotretus ornatissimus (Girard) .... ........ 287 Saccodeira pectinata (Dum6ril and Bibron) = Proctotretus pectinatus Dum6ril and Bibron........................................................... 287 Tiaporus fuliginosus Cope =Ameiva fuliginosa (Cope) ...... ................ 303 Prionodactylus argulus (Peters) =Euspondylus argulus (Peters)............ 332 Prionodactylus palmeri Boulenger =Euspondylus palmeri (Boulenger)..... ..... 332 Prionodactylus ocellifer Werner =Euspondylus ocellifer (Werner) ..... ......... 332 Prionodactylus bolivianus Werner =Euspondylus bolivianus (Werner)..... ...333 Prionodactylus leucostictus Boulenger =Euspondylus leucostictus (Boulenger). 333 Prionodactylus manicatus (O'Shaughnessy) =Euspondylus manicatus (O'Shaughnessy)................................................... 333 Prionodactylus columbiensis Werner -Euspondylus columbiensis (Werner) ..... 333 Prionodactylus holmgreni Andersson =Euspondylus ockendeni holmgreni (Andersson)........................................................335 230 Buletin American Museum of Natural History [Vol. LXI PAGE Prionodactylus champsonatus Werner =Euspondylus champsonatus (Werner) 335 Prionodactylus oshaughnessyi Boulenger =Euspondylus oshaughnessyi (Boulenger).......................................................... 337 Prionodactylus vertebralis (O'Shaughnessy) =Euspondylus vertebralis (O'Shaughnessy) ................................................... 338 Hylosaurus percarinatus Miller =Leposoma percarinatum (Miiller) ........... 349 Loxopholis rugiceps Cope =Pantodactylus rugiceps (Cope) ..... .............. 358 Alopoglossus amazonius Ruthven =Pantodactylus amazonius (Ruthven) ....... 358 Alopoglossus buckleyi (O'Shaughnessy) =Pantodactylus buckleyi buckleyi (O'Shaughnessy) ................................................... 358 Alopoglossus carinicaudatus (Cope) =Pantodactylus carinicaudatus (Cope).... 358 Alopoglossus copii Boulenger=Pantodactylus copii (Boulenger) .............. 358 Alopoglossus gracilis Werner = Pantodactylus gracilis (Werner) ............ ... 358 Alopoglossus festEe Peracca = Pantodactylus buckleyi festme (Peracca) ........... 359 Gonioptychus bicolor Werner=Proctoporus bicolor (Werner) ................. 365 Oreosaurus levis Boulenger = Proctoporus levis (Boulenger) ...... ............ 366 Oreosaurus lutuosus Peters) =Proctoporus luctuosus (Peters) ............... 366 Oreosaurus oculatus (O'Shaughnessy) = Proctoporus oculatus (O'Shaughnessy) 366 Oreosaurus anomalus Barbour and Noble
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