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Setting Landscape Conservation Targets and Promoting Them Through Compatible Land Use in the Philippines

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Setting Landscape Conservation Targets and Promoting Them Through Compatible Land Use in the Philippines Setting landscape conservation targets and promoting them through compatible land use in the Philippines Grace B. Villamor, Ruth Grace Ambal, Jean-Marc Boffa, Thomas Brookes, Angelito Cereno, Oliver Coroza, Rodel D. Lasco, Goetz Schroth and Merlijn van Weerd Southeast Asia Setting landscape conservation targets and promoting them through compatible land use in the Philippines Grace B. Villamor, Ruth Grace Ambal, Jean-Marc Boffa, Thomas Brookes, Angelito Cereno, Oliver Coroza, Rodel D. Lasco, Goetz Schroth and Merlijn van Weerd Working Paper nr 74 Correct citation: GB Villamor, RG Ambal, JM Boffa, T Brookes, A Cereno, O Coroza, RD Lasco, G Schroth and M van Weerd. 2008. Setting landscape conservation targets and promoting them through compatible land use in the Philippines - a meeting-workshop of CI-ICRAF Collaborative Project. ICRAF Working Paper no. 74. Bogor, Indonesia. World Agroforestry Centre. Titles in the Working Paper Series aim to disseminate interim results on agroforestry research and practices and stimulate feedback from the scientific community. Other publication series from the World Agroforestry Centre include: Agroforestry Perspectives, Technical Manuals and Occasional Papers. Published by World Agroforestry Centre Southeast Asia Regional Office PO Box 161, Bogor 16001, Indonesia Tel: +62 251 8625415 Fax: +62 251 8625416 Email: [email protected] Internet: http://www.worldagroforestrycentre.org/sea © World Agroforestry Centre 2008 Working Paper nr 74 The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the World Agroforestry Centre. Articles appearing in this publication may be quoted or reproduced without charge, provided the source is acknowledged. All images remain the sole property of their source and may not be used for any purpose without written permission of the source. Disclaimer for copyright page: The World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) is the international leader in the science and practice of integrating ‘working trees’ on small farms and in rural landscapes. The Centre invigorated the ancient practice of growing trees on farms, using innovative science for development to transform lives and landscapes. ICRAF is one of the 15 centres supported by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). The Conservation International (CI) is a non-profit international organization that seeks to protect earth’s biodiversity hotspots and high-biodiversity wilderness areas around the globe. Its mission is to conserve the earths living natural heritage, global biodiversity and to demonstrate that human societies are able to live harmoniously with nature. Abstract Addressing the need to develop techniques that help set area targets for species requiring landscape management has been the heart of collaboration between Conservation International (CI) and World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) in the Philippines. This initiative falls within the broader context of the Hotspot Alliance between the two global organizations, which aim to promote advances in the science and practice of agroforestry to improve human livelihoods and biodiversity conservation in Global Biodiversity Hotspots. Apart of the scientific collaboration is a meeting-workshop to discuss the contribution of the agroforestry/ agricultural matrix to the conservation of globally threatened landscape level conservation in the Philippine Hotspots: moving from theory to practice. The meeting- workshop was held in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, April 11-12, 2008. This report covers the summaries of all presentations, a synthesis of the meeting-workshop and the current research gaps and issues identified in the conservation of globally threatened species requiring landscape level approach. Research needs and opportunities emerging from the workshops are shared in this report. Keywords: Landscape scale conservation, agroforestry, area demanding threatened species, Philippine Eagle, Eastern Mindanao Range, Sierra Madre Range - i - Acknowledgements We gratefully acknowledge the participants of this meeting-workshop for their interest and discussion. We also acknowledge the generous financial support of the Hotspot Alliance and the assistance particularly of Ms. Rafaela Jane Delfino and Ms. Desiree Boulanger. - ii - Contents 1. Introduction........................................................................................................................... 1 2. Synthesis of the Meeting-Workshop..................................................................................... 3 3. Overview of Presentations....................................................................................................4 4. Research and Conservation Needs...................................................................................... 13 5. Panel Discussion................................................................................................................. 16 6. Identified Research Topics ................................................................................................. 20 7. Workshop Discussion ......................................................................................................... 23 8. Workshop Closing/Conclusion........................................................................................... 24 Appendix I........................................................................................................................ 25 Appendix II....................................................................................................................... 27 References ........................................................................................................................ 30 - iii - Abbreviations ACB ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity ADTS Area demanding threatened species ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations BFAR Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources BOI Board of Investments CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CI Conservation International CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species CVPED Cagayan Valley Program on Environmental Development DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DOE Department of Energy DOST Department of Science and Technology FFI Flora and Fauna International FLUPs Forest Land Use Plans GMO Genetically modified organisms GPS Global positioning system ICRAF World Agroforestry Centre IEC Information and education campaign IRR Implementing rules and regulations IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature KBAs Key Biodiversity Areas LGU Local Government Unit LUPA Luwasnon Kag Malambuon nga Umahan Kag Kinaiyahan MEA Millennium Ecosystem Assessment MKAVI Mt. Kitanglad Agri-Venture Incorporated NCIP National Commission on Indigenous People NGOs Non-government organizations NIA National Irrigation Authority NIPAS National Integrated Protected Areas System NPC National Power Corporation Pangabuhian para sa Arakenos - iv - PAWB Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau PCARRD Philippine Council for Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Development PECH Philippine Eagle Critical Habitats PEF Philippine Eagle Foundation PES Payments for environmental services PICOP Paper Industries Corporation of the Philippines RAMSAR Ramsar Convention on Wetlands UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change UPLB University of the Philippines Los Baños UPM University of the Philippines Mindanao - v - 1. Introduction Single protected areas are insufficient to safeguard all species. Some globally threatened species that occur naturally in very low densities or move over large areas not only require a combination of sites but also require conservation action in the wider landscape where these sites occur. Conserving biodiversity while sustaining agricultural productivity, indigenous cultures, and rural livelihoods, requires new approaches or techniques to conservation (Harvey et al, 2008). Addressing the need to develop techniques that help set area targets for species requiring landscape management has been the heart of collaboration between Conservation International (CI) and World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) in the Philippines. This initiative falls within the broader context of the Hotspot Alliance between the two global organizations, which aim to promote biodiversity conservation in Global Biodiversity Hotspots and advances in the science and practice of agroforestry to improve human livelihoods, respectively. The dual roles of agroforestry in contributing to the conservation of wild species in human-modified landscapes, and local livelihoods are increasingly being documented and recognized. The Hotspot Alliance was designed to explore this multifunctional nature by drawing on the respective expertise of CI in the science of safeguarding species and their habitat, and that of ICRAF in improving the productivity and sustainability of agricultural landscapes through agroforestry. After a year of scientific collaboration, a solid GIS-based technique for modeling the area, connectivity, and land cover requirements of those threatened species in the Philippines that require landscape-level conservation has been developed. At the same time, methods for setting watershed management targets where Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) host species threatened by changing hydrological processes in the Philippines have been established. The products of this flourishing scientific collaboration have been presented in several national and international conservation society meetings
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