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LASA Forum 51:2 IN MEMORIAM June C. Nash (1927–2019) by Florence Babb | University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill | [email protected] Carmen Diana Deere | University of Florida | [email protected] Lynn Stephen | University of Oregon | [email protected] It is with great sadness that we note the passing out research in Bolivia and Peru over the next of June Nash, Distinguished Professor Emerita of decade and a half. In the mid-1980s, she turned her Anthropology at the City University of New York, on attention to New England, and over the past couple December 9, 2019, at the age of 92. The recipient of of decades alternated her research focus between LASA’s 2004 Kalman Silvert Award, June was one Chiapas and Pittsfield, Massachusetts. A common of the pioneers in the anthropology of gender, the thread to this research was garnering local-level anthropology of work, and in the study of social understandings of and responses to national and movements in Latin America. global processes of change. Another was the interplay between class, race, and gender. A 1948 graduate of Barnard College, Columbia University, June earned her MA and then PhD in June’s contribution as an advocate, mentor, and 1960 in Anthropology at the University of Chicago. scholar to building the interdisciplinary field of She taught at Northeastern Illinois University, Yale gender in Latin American studies was enormous. University, and New York University before joining Her advocacy on behalf of the field began during the City University and Graduate Center at CUNY her tenure (1971–1974) on the SSRC-ACLS Joint as professor in 1972, where she remained until her Committee on Latin American Studies. Expected retirement in 1998. She was a visiting professor to promote a new area of research, June rightly at American University in Cairo; the University of identified the study of women in Latin America as Colorado, Boulder; the State University of New York, an undeveloped field. She successfully obtained Albany; FLACSO-Quito; and Smith College. funding for what developed as a two-pronged initiative under the rubric “Feminine Perspectives June served as president of the Society for the on Social Science Research in Latin America.” Anthropology of Work, of the Society of Feminist Anthropology, and of the Association for Political Co-led with Helen Safa and Elsa Chaney, the first and Legal Anthropology. She also served on the phase began with networking, traveling throughout Executive Board of the American Anthropological Latin America to identify those who were already Association, the American Ethnological Society, the carrying out research on women. Those identified Joint Committee on Latin American Research of were then invited to the first academic conference the Social Science Research Council and American on the topic, held in Buenos Aires in 1974. An Council of Learned Societies, and the Guggenheim outcome of this conference was Sex and Class in Foundation Committee for Latin American Latin America (1976), edited by June and Helen, Research. She received the Conrad C. Arensberg and the companion volume, La mujer en América Award from the Society for the Anthropology Latina (1975), foundational texts in the field. of Work, and the American Anthropologist Association’s Distinguished Service Award. The second phase involved training a new generation of scholars to carry out research on June’s early field research was in Cantel, Guatemala, women. Some 30 graduate students, mainly from and Chiapas, Mexico, followed by a stint in Burma. US universities, but including a balance of Anglo She began her work in the Andes in 1969, carrying Americans, Latinas, and Latin Americans, were LASA FORUM 51:2 120 invited to a six-week, SSRC-funded Research latter collection summarizes the advances in Training Workshop held in Cuernavaca, Mexico, the gender field over the previous decade; both the summer of 1974. The professors, besides June, Carmen Diana and Florence Babb contributed Helen, and Elsa, included a number of the women articles to this collection. present at the Buenos Aires conference. Among the participants were Mary Goldsmith, Marianne Florence remembers her great fortune in meeting Schmink, and Carmen Diana Deere, all of whom June, Helen, and Elsa (and Carmen Diana) while went on to write dissertations in this field, partly transitioning from doctoral student to new faculty as a result of this workshop. Carmen Diana credits member in the early 1980s. From her first LASA June for her penchant for “mixed methods,” the meeting in Mexico City, when Helen stepped up combination of qualitative and quantitative as president, Florence counted on the mentorship research techniques in fieldwork, which was novel of these pioneers in the field of gender studies in at the time in her field of agricultural economics. Latin America. While June’s earliest work in Mexico, Following June’s model, she used family life In the Eyes of the Ancestors (1970, 1986), was also histories to illustrate the dominant political influential, her monograph,We Eat the Mines and economy in her subsequent book on the northern the Mines Eat Us (1979), garnered the accolades Peruvian peasantry. of anthropologists and Latin Americanists for its masterful analysis of men and women in the June’s first publications on women included her Bolivian mining centers, which elevated culture contribution to Sex and Class, “A Critique of Social along with political economy, gender along Science Roles in Latin America.” She also authored with class. a background report on the integration of women in the development process for the first United When Florence turned to research in Nicaragua Nations World Conference on Women, held in in the 1990s, and a decade later to comparative Mexico City in 1975. She was deeply involved in research that included the Chiapas region, she her research on the Bolivian mines in this period, engaged with June’s work in new ways. Like and her first article on women that drew on her June, she was increasingly drawn to the project of ethnographic work was “Resistance as Protest: developing close ethnographic studies of locales Women in the Struggle of Bolivian Tin-Mining understood in global contexts and of examining Communities” (in Women Cross-Culturally: ethno-racial injustices along with inequalities Change and Challenge, edited by Ruby Rohrlich- based on gender, class, and sexuality. June’s work Leavitt, 1975). exemplified the sort of intersectional approach that feminists, and especially women of color, June and Carmen Diana’s friendship was forged have called for since the 1980s. Moreover, she around discussions of questions of class, the was a political activist who linked her research interaction of class and gender, and how these interests to her deep social commitments. Not were framed by the broader political economy. It surprisingly, she brought her critique closer to was facilitated by the fact that June had acquired home as well, with her study of the community a summer home in Plainfield, Massachusetts, not impact of the changing industrial order in Pittsfield, too far from Northampton/Amherst, where Carmen Massachusetts (From Tank Town to High Tech, Diana was based. In the 1980s and 1990s, Plainfield 1989). She was well known as a scholar of social became the site of many tertulias on June’s latest movements who stood in solidarity with those in projects, which drew friends from throughout struggle (Social Movements: A Reader, 2004). New England and beyond. She remembers lively discussions around the draft chapters of two of June’s culminating work based on her research June’s other well-known anthologies, Women, spanning a half century in Chiapas, Mayan Men and the International Division of Labor Visions (2001), reflected on decades living and (1983), coedited with Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, working with Mayas, from the vantage point of the and Women and Change in Latin America (1986), period following the Zapatista uprising. Florence coedited with Helen. June’s introduction to this remembers the times she stayed at June’s place in LASA FORUM 51:2 121 San Cristobal de las Casas, accepting June’s great peoples in the south of Mexico were called on to hospitality with visiting scholars, and the care June comment and interpret what was happening in was taking as she prepared a 50-year retrospective some US forums. Lynn was invited to the 1994 of photographic images she would show in the National Democratic Convention of the EZLN community of Amatenango del Valle. She recalls in Guadalupe Tepeyac in August of 1994 and sitting in June’s library surrounded by bookshelves subsequently engaged in a decade of research in of her collected classics of the Chiapas area, and Chiapas, following that event. During that period, thinking there was surely nowhere more inspiring she regularly saw June in Chiapas and also was from which to be typing up notes on her own field hosted for meals and discussions at her house. research. This, as much as anything else, summons the openhearted way in which June so generously June regularly published about the Zapatista welcomed a host of researchers and fellow travelers movement both in formal journal articles and to her home in Mexico. in brief commentaries about repression on the ground, accomplishments, and particularly on In 2002, Lynn Stephen and Florence co-organized the insights and activities of Zapatista women. a session in honor of June and her work for the She encouraged others to reach far beyond annual meeting of the American Anthropological academic research and engage in activism as a Association, with papers published in 2005 as a part of their professional lives. We followed her special issue of Critique of Anthropology entitled example. For example, June published a short “Autonomy in an Age of Globalization: The Vision article titled “A Gendered View on Indigenous of June Nash.” The high point of both the session Autonomy Movements,” in the Anthropology and the journal issue were the commentaries that News of November 2003, highlighting the June herself offered.
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