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Vanuatu, Un Archipel Océanien Vanuatu, an Oceanic Archipelago

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Vanuatu, Un Archipel Océanien Vanuatu, an Oceanic Archipelago Atlas des pêcheries côtières de Vanuatu Coastal fisheries atlas of Vanuatu Cartes 5 - L'archipel de Vanuatu : divisions administratives et poids spatial des régions Maps 5 - Vanuatu archipelago: regional administrative units and spatial weights 5a - Entre 1980 et 1994 5b - Depuis 1994 5a - 1980 - 1994 5b - Since 1994 Vanuatu a accédé à l’indépendance le 30 juillet Vanuatu declared independence on 30 July Torres Torres 1980. Un découpage administratif du pays en 1980. The country was then divided into 11 TORBA onze régions fut alors mis en place, chacune regions, each with a small government with three BANKS-TORRES d’elles étant dotée d’une petite administration en main responsibilities: 14° Banks 14° Banks charge de trois types de tâches : - to build and uphold educational, health, - construction et maintenance des infrastructures transportation and cultural infrastructures; SANTO-MALO AMBAE-MAEWO SANMA d’éducation, de santé, de transport et de culture; - to design and apply regional development Maewo Maewo 15° 15° - élaboration et application des plans programmes; Ambae Ambae PENAMA Santo Santo régionaux de développement; - to control commercial activities and collect PENTECOST - contrôle des activités commerciales et levée de local taxes, including a poll tax. Pentecost Pentecost 16° 16° taxes locales, dont un impôt de capitation. AMBRYM Ambrym Ambrym These 11 regions are spatially heterogeneous: Malakula PAAMA Malakula Paama Paama Ces onze régions sont spatialement hétérogènes four of them are single islands (Malakula, Epi EPI Epi : quatre d’entre elles sont formées d’une île unique Pentecost, Epi and Ambrym), two (Ambae-Maewo MALAKULA MALAMPA 17° Tongoa 17° Tongoa Emae Emae (Malakula, Pentecost, Epi et Ambrym), deux and Paama) involve two islands with similar SHEPHERDS SHEFA résultent du regroupement de deux îles de areas, three (Santo-Malo, Efate and Tafea) are Efate Efate superficie voisine (Ambae-Maewo et Paama), trois assemblies of one or two main islands and combinent une ou deux îles principales et des îles secondary islands, and two others (Banks-Torres 18° EFATE 18° secondaires (Santo-Malo, Efate et Tafea) et enfin and Shepherds) pool islands from the same deux régions regroupent en une seule entité soit les archipelago or two neighbouring archipelagos Erromango Erromango îles d’un même archipel (Banks-Torres), soit deux within a single regional unit. These regions are 19° 19° Aniwa Aniwa archipels voisins (Shepherds). L’hétérogénéité also heterogeneous in terms of their areas, i.e. TAFEA TAFEA Futuna s’exprime également en termes de superficie, Santo-Malo is 40-fold larger than the two smallest Tanna Futuna Tanna Santo-Malo étant près de 40 fois plus étendue que regions (Paama and Shepherds). 0 100 km 0 100 km 20° 20° les deux régions les plus petites, Paama et les Aneityum Aneityum 167° 168° 169° 170° 167° 168° 169° 170° Shepherds. In 1994, the country was redivided into six regions in order to mitigate these differences. The Limite de région entre 1980 et 1994 Limite de région depuis 1994 Afin de pallier ces disparités, un nouveau new region of Sanma (ex-Santo-Malo) is only 5- Administratine units between 1980 and 1994 Administrative units since 1994 EFATE Nom de région SHEFA Nom de région découpage en six régions a été mis en place en fold larger than the smallest new region of Torba Region name Region name 1994. Désormais la région dénommée SANMA (ex-Banks-Torres). Poids spatial relatif des régions (% de la superficie totale) (ex Santo-Malo) n’est plus que cinq fois plus vaste Relative spatial weights per region (% of total area) que la plus petite (TORBA ex Banks-Torres). 0 1 5 10 15 20 30 40 1 Sources : David, 1991 ; Service de la statistique, Port Vila/Statistics Office, Port Vila, 1983, 1993 0 0 2 - D R I © Vanuatu, un archipel océanien Vanuatu, an oceanic archipelago.
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