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Late Ramesside Letters oi.uchicago.edu THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO STUDIES IN ANCIENT ORIENTAL CIVILIZATION" NO. 33 oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu Internet publication of this work was made possible with the generous support of Misty and Lewis Gruber LATE RAMESSIDE LETTERS BY EDWARD F. WENTE THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO STUDIES IN ANCIENT ORIENTAL CIVILIZATION • NO. 33 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS CHICAGO * ILLINOIS oi.uchicago.edu Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 66-22769 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, CHICAGO & LONDON The University of Toronto Press, Toronto 5, Canada @ 1967 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. Pub- lished 1967. Printed in the United States of America oi.uchicago.edu PREFACE PROFESSOR JAROSLAV CERNY'S Late Ramesside Letters, published in 1939 as Volume IX of "Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca," made available to students of Late Egyptian a series of letters which are philologically and his- torically significant. To date, no translation and commentary for this entire group of letters has appeared in print. The present study represents an attempt to fill temporarily this lacuna and to stimulate criticism so that eventually a more masterful treatment of this correspondence may be forthcoming. The fundamental work has already been achieved by Cerny himself in his careful transcription of the difficult hieratic hands of these letters. Without his transcriptions and without his numerous contributions to Late Egyptian philology, I would not have attempted to translate the letters. I wish this study, therefore, to stand as a token of my sincere appreciation of the leading authority on Late Egyptian, for his knowledge and for his extreme generosity in sharing it. During my student days I read a number of these letters under the tutelage of Professor Hans J. Polotsky, who initiated me in the study of Coptic and Late Egyptian, and Professor William F. Edgerton, my constant adviser in matters pertaining to the later phases of the Egyptian language. To them I owe an especial debt of gratitude for their guidance. Others who assisted me in the course of the preparation of this monograph are Professors Keith C. Seele, Charles F. Nims, George R. Hughes, and John A. Wilson, and I express to them my warmest thanks. It was through the kind efforts of Professor Robert M. Adams, the Director of the Oriental Institute, that funds were made avail- able to defray the cost of publication. Both his assistance and the arduous labor of Mrs. Elizabeth B. Hauser, the editorial secretary of the Oriental Institute, who has been responsible for the elimination of errors and inconsistencies on my part, are greatly appreciated. It is assumed that the reader will have CernSy's Late Ramesside Letters at hand. For details regarding the individual documents CernS's informative in- troduction should be consulted. In the present volume the unidentified paren- thetical items in the notes to the translations indicate the pages and lines of Cernf's work; thus "(14/8)" refers to page 14, line 8, of that work. Other ab- breviations are explained in the list given below on pages ix-xii. EDWARD F. WENTE CHICAGO July 1966 V oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . ix CHRONOLOGY OF THE LETTERS. TRANSLATIONS AND NOTES . 18 vii oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AAWB Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin. Philos.-hist. Klasse. Abhandlungen (Berlin, 1908 ). Amenenope H. 0. Lange. Das Weisheitsbuch des Amenemope, aus dem Papy- rus 10,474 des British Museum hrsg. und erklart (Det Kgl. Danske videnskabernes Seiskab. Hist.-filol. Meddelelser XI 2 [Kobenhavn, 1925]). Anast. I Papyrus Anastasi I. Hieroglyphic transcription and translation in Gardiner, EHT, pp. 1*-30* and 2-80. Anast. II Papyrus Anastasi II. Hieroglyphic transcription in Gardiner, LEM, pp. 12-20. Anast. III Papyrus Anastasi III. Hieroglyphic transcription in Gardiner, LEM, pp. 20-32. Anast. IV Papyrus Anastasi IV. Hieroglyphic transcription in Gardiner, LEM, pp. 34-56. Anast. V Papyrus Anastasi V. Hieroglyphic transcription in Gardiner, LEM, pp. 56-72. Anast. VI Papyrus Anastasi VI. Hieroglyphic transcription in Gardiner, LEM, pp. 72-78. ASAE Egypt. Service des antiquites. Annales (Le Caire, 1900 ). BASOR American Schools of Oriental Research. Bulletin (South Hadley, Mass., 1919 ). BIFAO Cairo. Institut francais d'archeologie orientale. Bulletin (Le Caire, 1901 ). BM British Museum. Botti and Peet, Giuseppe Botti and T. Eric Peet. Il giornale della necropoli di Giornale Tebe (I papiri ieratici del Museo di Torino [Torino, 1928]). Cairo, Cat. Gen. Cairo. Musee des antiquites egyptiennes. Catalogue general (Le Caire etc., 1901 ) . Caminos, LEM Ricardo A. Caminos. Late-Egyptian miscellanies (Brown Egyp- tological studies I [London, 1954]). Cerny~, Graffiti Jaroslav C~erny~. Graffiti hieroglyphiques et hieratiques de la n6- cropole thebaine (DFIFAO IX 11956]). Cerny~, LRL Jaroslav Cerny~. Late Ramesside letters (Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca IX [Bruxelles, 1939]). C. ost. Jaroslav Cerny*. Ostraca hieratiques. I. Text. II. Plates (Cairo, Cat. Gen. Nos. 25501-25832 [1935]). Chr. d'Eg. Chronique d' Egypte (Bruxelles, 1925 ). DFIFAO Cairo. Institut francais d'archeologie orientale. Documents de fouilles (Le Caire, 1934 ). oi.uchicago.edu x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS DM ost. Jaroslav Cerny. Catalogue des ostraca hi6ratiques non litteraires de Deir el Medineh. Nos. 1 , 456 (DFIFAO III-VII [1935- 51]). Serge Sauneron. Catalogue des ostraca hieratiques non lit- teraires de Deir el-M6dineh. Nos. 550-623 (DFIFAO XIII [1959]). Doomed Prince The tale of the doomed prince, from Papyrus Harris 500, verso. Hieroglyphic transcription in Gardiner, LES, pp. 1-9. d'Orb. The tale of the two brothers, from the d'Orbiney Papyrus. Hiero- glyphic transcription in Gardiner, LES, pp. 9-30. Erman, Neuaeg. Gr. Adolf Erman. Neuaegyptische Grammatik (2d ed.; Leipzig, 1933). FIFAO Cairo. Institut frangais d'archeologie orientale. Fouilles. Rap- ports preliminaires (Le Caire, 1924 ). Gardiner, AEO Alan H. Gardiner. Ancient Egyptian onomastica (3 vols.; Ox- ford, 1947). Gardiner, EHT Alan H. Gardiner. Egyptian hieratic texts transcribed, translated and annotated. Series I. Literary texts of the New Kingdom. Part I (Leipzig, 1911). Gardiner, LEM Alan H. Gardiner. Late-Egyptian miscellanies (Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca VII [Bruxelles, 1937]). Gardiner, LES Alan H. Gardiner. Late-Egyptian stories (Bibliotheca Aegyptia- ca I [Bruxelles, 1932]). Grapow, Wie die Hermann Grapow. Wie die Alten gypter sich anredeten, wie sie Alten Agypter sich griissten und wie sie miteinander sprachen I-IV (AAWB, sich anredeten Jahrgang 1939, No. 11, Jahrgang 1940, No. 12, Jahrgang 1941, No. 11, Jahrgang 1942, No. 7 [1939-43]). Great Abydos In- Henri Gauthier. La grande inscription dedicatoire d'Abydos scription (Cairo. Institut frangais d'archeologie orientale. Bibliotheque d'6tude IV [Le Caire, 1912]). Harris Magical Pap. H. O. Lange. Der magische Papyrus Harris (Det Kgl. Danske vi- denskabernes Selskab. Hist.-filol. Meddelelser XIV 2 [Koben- havn, 1927]). HieraticPapyri BM British Museum. Hieratic papyri .... Third series. Chester Beatty gift. I. Text. II. Plates. Edited... by Alan H. Gardiner (London, 1935). Fourth series. Oracular amuletic decrees of the late New King- dom. I. Text. II. Plates. Edited... by I. E. S. Edwards (Lon- don, 1960). Hintze, Untersu- Fritz Hintze. Untersuchungen zu Stil und Sprache neuiagyp- chungen zu Stil tischer Erzahlungen (VIO II and VI [Berlin, 1950 and 1952]). und Sprache HO Jaroslav Cerny and Alan H. Gardiner. Hieratic ostraca I (Lon- don, 1957). Horus and Seth The contendings of Horus and Seth, from Papyrus Chester Beat- ty I, recto. Hieroglyphic transcription in Gardiner, LES, pp. 37-60. oi.uchicago.edu LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xi James, Heicanakhte T. G. H. James. The IHe.kanakhte papers and other early Middle Kingdom documents (New York. Metropolitan Museum of Art. Publications of the... Egyptian Expedition XIX [New York, 1962]). JEA Journal of Egyptian archaeology (London, 1914 ). JNES Journal of Near Eastern studies (Chicago, 1942 ). Kadesh Poem Charles Kuentz. La bataille de Qadech (MIFAO LV [1928]) pp. 212-326. L.E. Late Egyptian. Maxims of Ani Papyrus Boulaq IV. Facsimile in Auguste Mariette, Les papyrus 6gyptiens du Mus6e de Boulaq I (Paris, 1871) Pls. 15-28. Mayer A and B T. Eric Peet. The Mayer Papyri A and B (London, 1920). MDAIK Deutsches Archiiologisches Institut, Abteilung Kairo. Mitteilun- gen (Augsburg etc., 1930- ). M.E. Middle Egypt, Middle Egyptian. Mes Alan H. Gardiner. The inscription of Mes (Untersuchungen zur Geschichte und Altertumskunde Aegyptens IV 3 [Leipzig, 1905]). MH The Epigraphic Survey. Medinet Habu (7 vols.; Chicago, 1930- 64). MIFAO Cairo. Institut frangais d'archeologie orientale. Memoires (Le Caire, 1902- ). MIO Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin. Institut fur Orientsfor- schung. Mitteilungen (Berlin, 1953- ). Nauri Decree F. Ll. Griffith. The Abydos decree of Seti at Abydos. JEA XIII (1927) 193-208. OIP Chicago. University. The Oriental Institute. Oriental Institute publications (Chicago, 1924 ). Pap. Papyrus. Pap. Bologna 1086 Walther Wolf. Papyrus Bologna 1086. Ein Beitrag zur Kultur- geschichte des Neuen Reiches. ZAS LXV (1930) 89-97. Pap. Bologna 1094 Hieroglyphic transcription in Gardiner, LEM, pp. 1-12. Pap. Lansing Hieroglyphic transcription in Gardiner, LEM, pp. 99-116. Pap. Leopold II Published by Alan H. Gardiner in JEA XXII (1936) 169-93 and Plates X-XVI. Pap. Mallet Facsimile in Recueil de travaux I (1870) Pls. III-VI. Pap. Turin B Hieroglyphic transcription in Gardiner, LEM, pp. 125-28. Peet, GTR T. Eric Peet. The great tomb-robberies of the twentieth Egyptian dynasty. I. Text. II. Plates (Oxford, 1930). Pleyte and Rossi Papyrus de Turin. Facsimiles par F. Rossi de Turin, et publi6s par W. Pleyte de Leide (2 vols.; Leide, 1869-1876). RAD Alan H. Gardiner. Ramesside administrative documents (Lon- don, 1948). Rev. d'Eg. Revue d'I1gyptologie (Le Caire, 1933 ). SAOC No. 12 Historical records of Ramses III. The texts in Medinet Habu Vol- umes I and II translated with explanatory notes by William F. Edgerton and John A. Wilson (Studies in ancient oriental civilization, No.
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