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Complex Development of Gas Condensate and Hydromineral Resources of Eastern Siberia and Strategy of Gas Export to Asian-Pacific Regions (Apr) Countries

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Complex Development of Gas Condensate and Hydromineral Resources of Eastern Siberia and Strategy of Gas Export to Asian-Pacific Regions (Apr) Countries COMPLEX DEVELOPMENT OF GAS CONDENSATE AND HYDROMINERAL RESOURCES OF EASTERN SIBERIA AND STRATEGY OF GAS EXPORT TO ASIAN-PACIFIC REGIONS (APR) COUNTRIES V.F. Gorbachev, VNIIGAZ A.S. Antsiferov, VostSibNIIGGiMS, Irkutsk V.F. Mazanov, IGiRGI World economy development in the last quarter of the 20th century and prediction of its development for the first quarter of the 21st century state that more than 60% of the world energy consumption will refer to the countries of Asian-Pacific region (APR). In the update situation on the world energy market demand of APR countries in the import of energy carriers continues to grow. This fact creates and provides for the potential possibilities for the export of Russian energy carriers and on the priority bases export of gas. If the necessary scope of energy consumption in developed and rapidly developing APR countries (up to 250-300·109 m3 by 2020 and no less than 300-400·109 m3 by 2030) is provided, than the internal regional annual deficit will constitute in terms of volume about 200-250·109 m3 and can be replenished only by means of external deliveries of natural gas. The major part of deficit of the necessary natural gas consumption in APR countries can be covered in case of arranging large scale gas deliveries from Eastern Siberia of the Russian Federation occupying the area of Siberian platform. Forming major oil and gas producing and oil-gas-processing complexes in Eastern Siberia and Sakha Republic (Yakutia) represents the constituent part of Federal Energy Program of Russia and OAO “Gazprom” will provide for economic, energy and ecological safety of eastern regions of Russia as a whole and separate subjects of its Federation. Gas demand in the regions of Eastern Siberia and Sakha Republic (Yakutia) amounting in expert assessments to 20-30·109 m3 by 2010-2020, will enable to implement the gasification projects of Irkutsk region and Sakha Republic (Yakutia). Initial summary resources (ISR) of hydrocarbons (HC) of Siberian platform (recovered) for the states of 01.01.2000 are assessed to equal 65.0·109 ton of oil equivalent including more than 47.0·1012 m3 of natural gas. The distribution of free gas over the subjects of the Russian Federation is shown on Figure 1. Fig.1 – Pattern of HC resources of Siberian platform and over the subjects of the Russian Federation Distribution of ISR of hydrocarbons on Siberian platform as for the oil and gas provinces shows that the majority of ISR is concentrated in the Central and Southern regions – Angaro-Lena oil and gas province (OGP), Nepsk-Botuobinsk OGP, Baikit OGP, Katanga OGP and Predpatom OGP. The ratio of oil and gas in the region as a whole constitutes approximately 1:3 and practically is preserved around the subjects of Federation. ISR of free gas of Siberian platform are distributed over the subjects of the Russian Federation in the following way: in Krasnoyarsk region is concentrated more than 50% of IS of free gas, in Irkutsk region more than 20% and in Sakha Republic (Yakutia) more than 25%. Dynamics of initial summary resources of gas of the explored fields in the Eastern Siberian region over the subjects of the Russian Federation is depicted on Figure 2. As is seen from this figure the peak (maximum) of ISR of the fields of the explored fields of gas as per the subjects of the Russian Federation refers to last but one decade of the 20th century. This is due to the fact that this period is characterized by significant volumes of deep prospecting exploration drilling. Annually within the territory of Eastern Siberian region there has been drilled no less than 300.0 thousand meters of deep drilling. 1000000 800000 600000 400000 200000 0 1955-1960 1961-1965 1966-1970 1971-1975 1976-1980 1981-1985 1986-1990 1991-1995 Krasnoyarsk region Taimyr region Evensky region Irkutsk region Sakha Republic ( Yakutia) Fig. 2. Dynamics of gas fields reserves to be discovered in Eastern Siberian Free gas industrial production in the region is implemented in Krasnoyarsk region since 1969 (Taimyr AO), in Sakha Republic (Yakutia) – since 1968. The accumulated production constitutes in Krasnoyarsk region more than 100·109 m3, in Sakha Republic (Yakutia) more than 30.0·109 m3. In the total amount of ISR the current explored reserves constitute about 3.0·1012 m3, 12 3 preliminarily assessed reserves also amount to about 3.0·10 m , free gas resources of category C3 are about 2.5·1012 m3, and the majority of ISR (more than 47.0·1012 m3) is related to the predicted resources of less investigated territories and complexes which refer to category D and at the same time justify significant reserve for industrial gas and oil resources increase. Maximum amount of ISR of free gas (53.7%) is concentrated in the depth interval 1-3 km., which is most accessible for drilling. The major part of free gas ISR is concentrated in Vendium deposits (36.9%), for the share of Cambrian refers 23.6%. In Mesozoic deposits is concentrated 19.5%, in Riphean 7.7% of all free gas ISR. These data constitute evident confirmation of the fact that the resource base of hydrocarbon feedstock prepared in Eastern Siberia is related mainly to the most ancient deposits of our planet and are unique for the present in the world. The established by the beginning of the 21st century situation with distribution of summary explored gas and condensate reserves on Siberian platform shows that major export deliveries of this hydrocarbon feed shall be provided (fig.3) first of all from the south-eastern regions of Irkutsk area and south-western regions of Sakha Republic (Yakutia) The summary explored gas reserves of south-eastern parts of Irkutsk area constitute more than 2.2·1012 m3 including about 1.9·1012 m3 from the unique Kovyktin gas condensate field which is now is in the stage of exploration. It shall be emphasized that from more than 30 already drilled exploration wells no well has shown boundaries of gas condensate deposit. In this respect according to our expert assessment reserves of Kovyktin gas condensate field can be increased minimum two times. Fig. 3 General map of oil-and-gas perspective fields and objects in Irkutsk region and adjoining regions of Sakha Republic (Yakutia) The summary explored gas reserves of south-western parts of Sakha Republic (Yakutia) amount to more than 2.7·1012 m3 from which more than 1.2·1012 m3 are related to Chayandin gas condensate oil field. Thus as basic fields for forming the large-scale gas producing complex at this territory for the present should be considered unique Kovyktin GCF and Chayandin gas condensate oil field with their summary gas resources amounting to more than 30·1012 m3 . Producing capabilities of Kovyktin GCF development and Chayandin gas condensate oil field development in the view of cluster operation drilling of the productive part of the section by horizontal well bores shows that for Kovyktin GCF during optimal field drilling gas production can reach 60- 70·109 m3 per annum and will be preserved for more than 20 years. On the second – Chayandin gas condensate oil field gas production can amount to 25·109 m3 per annum preserving this level of production also as minimum for 20 years. And for this variant of the fields development the number of production wells is reduced two times as minimum, and wells location by clusters drastically decreases the environmental impact. Parameters of this variant of Kovyktin field development look more preferential as compared to Chayandin gas condensate oil field, as Kovyktin GCF is still in the stage of exploration and in our expert assessment the initial balance reserves of gas condensate feedstock can be increased as minimum two times, which fact will drastically increase the technical-economic parameters of the field development, in the view that this field is located in the region with the most well-developed infrastructure. The reviewed state of the gas feedstock base for south-western region of Sakha Republic (Yakutia) and south-eastern regions of Irkutsk area in the view of the stated producing capabilities of Kovyktin GCF development and Chayandin gas condensate oil field development demonstrate that during their intensive operation drilling by 2010-2012 gas production can amount to 60-70·109 m3, and by the year 2015 already 85-95·109 m3. It shall be noted that prospects of gas export deliveries from this region to APR countries is analyzed in the view of satisfying the stated demand in gas in the regions of Eastern Siberia and Far East. As stated above, by the year 2015 in case of complete necessary scope for the demand in gas in the regions of Eastern Siberia and Sakha Republic (Yakutia) amounting to 20-25·109 m3 per annum, potential export deliveries of gas to APR countries can reach 65-75·109 m3 per annum. Maintaining the specified possible levels of gas production in these volumes for the more long- term prospect will necessitate to implement into development new fields providing the annual gas recovery within the limits of 10-15·109 m3. For this purpose it is necessary to grow gas reserves in the volume of 1.5-2.0·1012 m3. This deficit, by the way, can be replenished as a result of contouring of only Kovyktin GCF. Moreover we shall once again emphasize that the major first-priority regions for forming the major gas producing complex at this territory at present are the south-western regions of Sakha Republic (Yakutia) and south-eastern regions of Irkutsk area.
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