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Aquatic Ecological Specialist Assessment for the Proposed Upgrades to the Cape Flats Wastewater Treatment Works Including a New Access Road, Cape Town

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Aquatic Ecological Specialist Assessment for the Proposed Upgrades to the Cape Flats Wastewater Treatment Works Including a New Access Road, Cape Town AQUATIC ECOLOGICAL SPECIALIST ASSESSMENT FOR THE PROPOSED UPGRADES TO THE CAPE FLATS WASTEWATER TREATMENT WORKS INCLUDING A NEW ACCESS ROAD, CAPE TOWN APRIL 2021 Prepared for: Prepared By: Ms Toni Belcher and Dana Grobler PO Box 455, Somerset Mall, 7137 Tel: (021) 851 0555 Email: [email protected] Page | ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The City of Cape Town (CCT) is proposing to upgrade the sludge handling facility at the Cape Flats Wastewater Treatment Works (WWTW) in Cape Town. The proposed new Biosolids Beneficiation Facility (BBF) will be constructed within the footprint of the WWTW and will replace the existing Thermal Drying Plant. The BBF will treat sludge from the WWTW as well as other WWTW that will need to be transported to the BBF. The project thus includes consideration of a new access road. The potential for the new access road to serve as a multipurpose access road serving not only the WWTW but also the False Bay Nature Reserve (FBNR) and Pelican Park Phase 2 housing development was identified. The access road route alternatives identified are: • Option 1 and Option 2 which share an access point with the Coastal Park Landfill site and access the WWTW from the west; • Option 3 and Option 4 which will access the site via Strandfontein Road (from the east) and transverse portions of the FBNR; • Option 5 which will traverse the proposed (PPP2) housing development (north-east of the WWTW) and serve as a multipurpose access road to the WWTW and FBNR; and • Option 6 which is a refinement of Option 5 and is the final preferred route. Access route alternatives were initially assessed for Options 1 and 2 above only (BlueScience, 2019). This freshwater assessment is an update of that original assessment report to include the additional access routes proposed to the works in terms of their potential freshwater impacts. The following aquatic features occur within the study area: • Zeekoevlei Canal that would need to be crossed by some of the proposed access road alternatives (Options 1 and 2); • Cape Flats Wastewater Treatment Works (WWTW) associated ponds and water bodies that would need to be crossed for all of the alternative access roads proposed; and • Dune slack wetland areas to the north-west and east of the WWTW, along all of the alternative access roads proposed. The entire False Bay – Zeekoevlei Nature Reserve in which the WWTW occurs is a formally protected area. The dune slack wetlands to the east and north of the WWTW are mapped as aquatic CBAs and the surrounding areas of natural vegetation cover mapped as terrestrial CBAs. The wetland habitats associated with the ponds in the WWTW are mapped as Critical ESAs. The wetlands associated with the ponds in the WWTW are also all mapped as artificial Freshwater Ecosystem Priority Area (FEPA) Wetlands while Zeekoevlei and the Zeekoevlei Channel are mapped as natural FEPA Wetlands. The instream and riparian habitat integrity of the Zeekoevlei Canal is considered to be largely to seriously modified. This is largely due to the flow and water quality-related impacts on the watercourse. The duneslack wetland areas are in general still in a largely natural ecological state. Aquatic Ecological Assessment: New Access Road to Cape Flats WWTW April 2021 Page | iii The duneslack wetlands that are closer to the WWTW and the urban areas are more disturbed and range from being moderately to largely modified depending on the level of disturbance taking place. Zeekoevlei is in a largely natural to moderately modified ecological state as a result of surrounding land use activities while the Cape Flats WWTW primary ponds which are artificial features can be considered to be seriously modified from a desired ecological state point of view. It should be noted that the ponds in the WWTW have been specifically created to treat wastewater although they do provide habitat for aquatic life. The Zeekoevlei Canal is considered to be of moderate to low EIS. Due to its artificial and degraded condition, the watercourse is not likely to contain any intolerant species however it does provide refuge and a corridor for the movement of biota in a transformed landscape. Zeekoevlei as a large and still largely natural wetland area is of high ecological importance and sensitivity, while the largely natural duneslack wetlands are considered of Moderate to High EIS. The artificial WWTW ponds and degraded duneslack wetlands are considered of a low EIS. The proposed BBF is likely to have a very low to insignificant impact on the adjacent degraded and artificial wetland habitat within the footprint of the WWTW, provided the construction works are contained to the indicated footprint and good housekeeping measures are implemented and monitored in terms of the Environmental Management Plan for the project. It can be expected that the likely impacts of the proposed new access road for Options 1 and 2 would be of a limited extent and a short-term nature, occurring mostly during the construction phase. Over the longer term, one can expect a limited impact arising from the use and maintenance of the road. Longer-term impacts could also be expected as a result of increased traffic through the ponds. Some of this traffic does already make use of the existing route which occurs adjacent to the more ecologically important Zeekoevlei. This impact would, however, be more of significance for Option 1, given the higher bird populations that usually frequent the southern portions of the WWTW. Option 3 is located in the southern end of a largely natural dune field and dune slack wetland area to the east of the WWTW. The route is proposed to be immediately north of Pelikan Heights, following the access road to the suburb and then an already modified area and jeep track to the WWTW eastern boundary fence road northwards and then into the WWTW site past some disturbed and largely artificial wetland areas. This route largely avoids any of the mapped wetlands and will have a potential low significance impact on the adjacent wetlands with mitigation. Options 4, 5 and 6 cross several moderately disturbed and then largely natural duneslack wetlands before entering the property of the WWTW from the east and passing some disturbed and largely artificial wetland areas. These routes can be expected to have a potential high significance impact on the wetlands in the area, even with mitigation as the road will need to alter the topography and surface as well as sub-surface flow through the area as well as provide an access point for further disturbance, dumping of waste and potential development of the area. Should one of these access routes be considered, it would need to be done in conjunction with the approved development layout for Pelican Park Phase 2, given that the faunal, botanical and aquatic specialist studies for this proposed development have also identified the central dune and duneslack habitats as being of Medium to High Conservation Value. Aquatic Ecological Assessment: New Access Road to Cape Flats WWTW April 2021 Page | iv Summary of aquatic impact significance: Construction Phase: Impact Consequence Probability Significance Status Confidence Without Very low Probable VERY LOW -ve High Mitigation With Very low Possible INSIGNIFICANT -ve High Mitigation Option 1 Option Without Very low Probable VERY LOW -ve High 2 Mitigation With Very low Possible INSIGNIFICANT -ve High Mitigation Option Option Without Very low Probable VERY LOW -ve High 3 Mitigation With Very low Improbable INSIGNIFICANT -ve High Mitigation Option Option Without High Probable HIGH -ve High Mitigation With Medium Probable MEDIUM -ve High ption 4 ption Mitigation O Without High Probable HIGH -ve High 5 Mitigation With Medium Probable MEDIUM -ve High ption ption Mitigation O Without High Probable HIGH -ve High 6 Mitigation ption ption With Medium Probable MEDIUM -ve High O Mitigation Operation Phase: Impact Consequence Probability Significance Status Confidence Without Very low Probable VERY LOW -ve Medium/ High Mitigation With Very low Improbable INSIGNIFICANT -ve Medium/ High Mitigation Option 1 Option Without Very low Probable VERY LOW -ve Medium/ High 2 Mitigation With Very low Improbable INSIGNIFICANT -ve Medium/ High Mitigation Option Option Without Very low Probable VERY LOW -ve Medium/ High 3 Mitigation With Very low Improbable INSIGNIFICANT -ve Medium/ High Mitigation Option Without High Definite HIGH -ve Medium/ High Mitigation With Medium Probable MEDIUM -ve Medium/ High ption 4 ption Mitigation O Without High Definite HIGH -ve Medium/ High 5 Mitigation With Medium Probable MEDIUM -ve Medium/ High ption ption Mitigation O Without High Definite HIGH -ve Medium/ High 6 Mitigation ption ption With Medium Probable MEDIUM -ve Medium/ High O Mitigation Without Very low Possible INSIGNIFICANT -ve Medium/ High Mitigation Go With Very low Improbable INSIGNIFICANT -ve Medium/ High - Mitigation No Aquatic Ecological Assessment: New Access Road to Cape Flats WWTW April 2021 Page | v Recommended mitigation measures: Construction Phase: • Work within or adjacent to aquatic features should be limited as far as possible and the disturbed areas rehabilitated immediately afterwards; • The constructed road should result in a minimal alteration to the surrounding natural topography; • Construction within watercourses should as far as possible take place during the drier months of the year (November to March); • Contaminated runoff from the construction site(s) should be prevented from entering the watercourses. The laydown area and main construction site should be located at least 20 m away from any aquatic features. All materials on the construction site should be properly stored and contained. Any stockpiling of material should also take place at least 20 m from any aquatic features to reduce the risk of runoff from these areas into the watercourse/wetlands. Disposal of waste from the site and the associated works should be properly managed and responsibly disposed of.
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