An Anthropology of Science, Magic and Expertise Semester 1, Alan Turing Building, G.107 Credits 20 (UG) 15 (PG)
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Janet Carsten
Ghosts of Memory Essays on Remembrance and Relatedness Edited by Janet Carsten Ghosts of Memory Ghosts of Memory Essays on Remembrance and Relatedness Edited by Janet Carsten © 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd blackwell publishing 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK 550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia The right of Janet Carsten to be identifi ed as the Author of the Editorial Material in this Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First published 2007 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd 1 2007 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ghosts of memory : essays on remembrance and relatedness / edited by Janet Carsten. p. cm. “Essays . originally presented at a conference on ‘Kinship and Memory in Anthropology and Beyond’, held at the University of Edinburgh in December 2004” – Ack. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4051-5422-2 (hardcover : alk. paper) – ISBN 978-1-4051-5423-9 (papercover : alk. paper) 1. Kinship. 2. Memory–Social aspects. I. Carsten, Janet. GN487.G56 2007 153.1′2–dc22 2006034733 A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library. Set in 11 on 13 pt Bembo by SNP Best-set Typesetter Ltd, Hong Kong Printed and bound in Singapore by Markono Print Media Pte The publisher’s policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a sustainable forestry policy, and which has been manufactured from pulp processed using acid-free and elementary chlorine-free practices. -
Introduction Emerging Kinship in a Changing Middle East
Introduction Emerging Kinship in a Changing Middle East Soraya Tremayne Abstract: The introduction to this issue has two strands. First, it contextualises the articles, which address kinship from varied perspectives, and situates them in their broader cultural context. Second, it adopts a comparative perspective by differentiating between the present articles with those published a decade earlier on the same themes in this journal, to examine whether, how and to what extent kinship has changed in the face of modernity, globalisation, wars, migrations and political change. It concludes that, compared with a decade ago, kinship has not only not weakened, but it has revived further and penetrated other institutions beyond family, or called upon to ensure and protect the continuity of cultural norms and values, from the threats paused by modernity and by the global, cultural and political invasions. Keywords: change, kinship, Middle East, modernity This issue is the outcome of a panel organised on ‘Emerging Kinship in Changing Middle East’, at a conference held by the Commission on the Anthropology of the Middle East in Krakow in 2016. But, this is also an oppor- tunity to reflect on the marker, which we laid down, 10 years ago, on the impact of modernity on ‘Kinship in the Middle East’, in this journal (Shahshahani and Tremayne 2007). Revisiting that special issue of Anthropology of the Middle East has proved critical in providing a comparative base on whether and how kinship has changed during the past decade. So, the question remains how and to what extent kinship, as a key organising and guiding principle in society, has responded to change brought about by modernity. -
Mother-In-Law Daughter-In-Law Conflict: an Evolutionary Perspective, Ethnographic Review, And
Running head: AFFINAL CONFLICT 1 Mother-in-law daughter-in-law conflict: An evolutionary perspective, ethnographic review, and report of empirical data from the United States Jessica D. Ayers1, Jaimie Arona Krems2, Nicole Hess3, & Athena Aktipis1,4 1 Department of Psychology, Arizona State University 2 Oklahoma Center for Evolutionary Analysis (OCEAN), Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University 3 Department of Anthropology, Washington State University 4Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University Corresponding author: Jessica D. Ayers, [email protected], Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, United States. Acknowledgments: We would like to thank Lee Cronk for his helpful comments on this manuscript. AFFINAL CONFLICT 2 Abstract Relationships with genetic relatives have been extensively studied in the evolutionary social sciences, but affinal relationships have received much less attention, and little work has examined both cooperation and conflict among affines from an evolutionary perspective. Yet humans have extensive interactions with the kin of their mates, i.e., in-laws or affines, as humans form long-term pair bonds with mates, with both sexes investing heavily in resulting offspring, thus leading to many opportunities for interacting with extended kinship networks. To contribute to the scholarship on affinal bonds, and particularly on perceptions of affinal conflict, we conducted an ethnographic review and collected empirical data on cooperation and conflict among affines. Here we present (1) a sample 37 of ethnographies showing cross-cultural evidence of conflict in affinal relationships. We also report (2) empirical evidence of self-reported cooperative and conflictual aspects in affinal relationships in a Western sample. -
Photographic Presence in New Mexico
Past, Present and Future: Photographic Presence in New Mexico Devorah Romanek A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, University College London (UCL), 2019 I, Devorah Romanek Confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Photograph on frontispiece: Will Wilson (2012). “Zig Jackson, Citizen of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation, Professor of Photography, Savannah College of Art and Design.” Label text from the 2013 exhibition Toward a Critical Indigenous Photographic Exchange: Will Wilson’s CIPX at the Maxwell Museum of Anthropology, University of New Mexico: “Critical Indigenous Photographic Exchange, New Mexico Museum of Art, Santa Fe Indian Market, 2012. Archival pigment print from wet plate collodion scan. Jackson takes a picture of an Indian taking a picture of an Indian as Andrew Smith protects his soul from theft.” Photo credit: © Will Wilson, courtesy of the artist. ii Abstract This thesis investigates the relationship between historical ethnographic photographs of Native Americans, their disposition in archives and collections, and the relationship of those images to their contemporary circulation and use by Native American artists, and others, particularly in New Mexico. Having undertaken original research into mid-19th century photographs in archives internationally, pertaining to Native America in the American Southwest, new histories and a re- framing of the photographs in question has been assembled. This portion of the research was undertaken both as a starting point for further investigation, and as a return to the people of New Mexico, particularly the Indigenous inhabitants of that place. -
1St COLLEEX WORKSHOP Book of Abstracts
colleex.wordpress.com 1st COLLEEX WORKSHOP Book of Abstracts 13th - 15th July 2017 Jardim Botânico Tropical Lisbon Ethnographic Experimentation Fieldwork Devices and Companions First International Workshop of the #Colleex Collaboratory for Ethnographic Experimentation, an EASA network 1 Cover image credits Wearable Chairs CC BY Gianni Pettena Taken from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WEARABLE_CHAIRS.jpg Organised by #Colleex – Collaboratory for Ethnographic Experimentation, an EASA network Instituto de Ciências Sociais (ICS), Universidade de Lisboa EBANO Collective – Ethnography-Based Art Nomad Organisation, Lisbon Supported by European Association of Social Anthropologists (EASA) ICS-Ulisboa GI Identidades, Culturas, Vulnerabilidades (UID/SOC/50013/2013) Jardim Botânico Tropical, Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência (MUNHAC), Universidade de Lisboa Professorship for Participatory Technology Design, MCTS, TU Munich Organising Committee Eeva Berglund, independent scholar Francesca De Luca, ICS, ULisboa Adolfo Estalella, Spanish National Scientific Council Anna Lisa Ramella, Locating Media, University of Siegen Chiara Pussetti, ICS, ULisboa Tomás Sánchez Criado, MCTS, TU Munich 2 Ethnographic Experimentation: Fieldwork Devices and Companions “Fieldwork is not what it used to be” (Faubion and Marcus, 2009). The investiga- tion of previously ignored social domains and the incorporation of new sensibilities beyond its typically verbal or visual conventions, have expanded ethnography: An- thropologists now engage in novel forms of relationship and intervention, and enter into heterodox exchanges with other disciplines like arts and design. The invocation of experimentation in fieldwork is part of this widened exploration of new ethno- graphic modalities that reshape the norm and form of fieldwork. Recent invocations of experimentation in ethnographic projects are not mere- ly a metaphorical gesture. -
Anthropology of Relatedness | Oxford Brookes Reading Lists
10/02/21 Anthropology of Relatedness | Oxford Brookes Reading Lists Anthropology of Relatedness View Online (Semester 2) 106 items Week 1: Introduction & Overview (2 items) Forever is a long time: romancing the real in gay kinship ideologies - Kath Weston Chapter | Essential | You can read Kath Weston's chapter online, through Google Books preview. Kinship Chapter | Recommended Week 2: Kinship as Social Structure (2 items) Kinship as descent Chapter | Essential English ancestors: the moral possibilities of popular genealogy - FENELLA CANNELL, Fenella Cannell, 2011-09 Article | Essential Week 2: Further Reading (8 items) If you are interested in exploring this topic for your essay, you may find the following readings interesting. Part IV: Descent & Alliance - Adam Kupar, 2017 Chapter Common Principles of Variant Kinship Structures among the Gola of Western Liberia - Warren L. D'Azevedo, 1962-06 Article Uses of the past in Gola Discourse - Warren L. d'Azevedo, 1962 Article Kindreds, cognatic and unilineal descent groups: new perspectives from Madagascar - Rita Astuti Chapter Ghosts and Ancestors in the Modern West - Fenella Cannell Chapter Fasu Solidarity: A Case Study of Kin Networks, Land Tenure, and Oil Extraction in Kutubu, 1/10 10/02/21 Anthropology of Relatedness | Oxford Brookes Reading Lists Papua New Guinea - EMMA GILBERTHORPE, 2007-03 Article Speech, silence, and slave descent in highland Madagascar - Luke Freeman, 2013 Article Where Do You Belong? Identity, New Guinea Islanders, and the Power of <i>Peles</i> - Kirsten McGavin, -
Assisted Reproduction and Middle East Kinship: a Regional and Religious Comparison Marcia C
Reproductive BioMedicine and Society Online (2017) 4,41–51 www.sciencedirect.com www.rbmsociety.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE Assisted reproduction and Middle East kinship: a regional and religious comparison Marcia C. Inhorn a,⁎, Daphna Birenbaum-Carmeli b, Soraya Tremayne c, Zeynep B. Gürtin d a Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; b School of Nursing, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel; c Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK; d Department of Sociology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK * Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (M.C. Inhorn). Marcia C Inhorn is the William K Lanman, Jr. Professor of Anthropology and International Affairs at Yale University, CT, USA. A specialist on Middle Eastern gender, religion and health, she has conducted research on the social impact of infertility and assisted reproductive technology in Egypt, Lebanon, the United Arab Emirates and Arab America over the past 30 years. She is the author of six books on the subject, including her forthcoming, America’s Arab Refugees: Vulnerability and Health on the Margins. Her current research project is on oocyte cryopreservation for both medical and elective fertility preservation, funded by the US National Science Foundation. Abstract This article compares the use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) and resultant kinship formations in four Middle Eastern settings: the Sunni Muslim Arab world, the Sunni Muslim but officially 'secular' country of Turkey, Shia Muslim Iran and Jewish Israel. This four-way comparison reveals considerable similarities, as well as stark differences, in matters of Middle Eastern kinship and assisted reproduction. The permissions and restrictions on ART, often determined by religious decrees, may lead to counter-intuitive outcomes, many of which defy prevailing stereotypes about which parts of the Middle East are more 'progressive' or 'conservative'. -
Diversifying MIR: Knowledge and Real-World Challenges, and New Interdisciplinary Futures
Born, G. (2020). Diversifying MIR: Knowledge and Real-World Challenges, and New Interdisciplinary Futures. Transactions of the International Society for Music 7,60,5 Information Retrieval, 3(1), pp. 193–204. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/tismir.58 RESEARCH Diversifying MIR: Knowledge and Real-World Challenges, and New Interdisciplinary Futures Georgina Born Challenges of diversity are being raised around the world, for example in response to #MeToo and Black Lives Matter. Against this background, this article, adapted from a keynote lecture to the 20th ISMIR conference, asks how MIR can refresh itself and its endeavours, scholarly and real world, by addressing diversity. It is written by an outsider, yet one who, as a music anthropologist, is intensely concerned with MIR and its influence. The focus is on elaborating auto-critiques that have emerged within the MIR community: social, cultural, epistemological and ethical matters to do with the diversity of the profession, of the music with which MIR engages, and of the kinds of knowledge produced. One theme is interdisciplinarity: how MIR would gain from closer dialogues with contemporary musicology, music anthropology and sociology. The article also considers how the ‘refresh’ might address MIR’s pursuit of research oriented to technological innovation, often linked to the drive for economic growth; concerns about sustainable economies, it argues, suggest the need for other values to guide future science and engineering. In this light, the article asks what computational music genre recognition or recommendation would look like if, under public-cultural or non-profit imperatives, the incentives driving them aimed to optimise imaginative self- or group development, pursuing not a logic of ‘similarity’ but diversity, or took human musical flourishing as their goals. -
Alfred Gell (1945-1997)1
(This obituary was published in the Proceedings of the British Academy, vol.120, 2003, pp.123-147) Alfred Gell (1945-1997)1 Alan Macfarlane Alfred Gell died of cancer on January 28 1997 at the age of 51. He was at the height of his powers and widely regarded as one of the most interesting thinkers in the world in the field of the anthropology of art. He had been elected to the British Academy in 1995 and turned down a Professorship (awarded posthumously) on a number of occasions at the London School of Economics, where he held a Readership. The insightful obituaries of some of his colleagues, as well as his own frank, published remarks towards the end of his life give us an unusual opportunity to investigate the life of a highly creative and original scholar. His life and writings provide an interesting insight into the fashions and flows of one part of British thought in the later twentieth century. In writing this obituary of Alfred Gell two major puzzles to be solved have emerged. One concerns who was Alfred Gell? The second concerns how an academic works and creates something interesting and new. Neither is an easy task. At a general level, the probing of an inner personality and cognitive process is intrinsically almost impossible. As Gell himself wrote, ‘ the cognitive processes of any mind, especially over a whole biographical career, are inaccessible private experiences which leave only the most undecipherable traces.’2 In relation to Gell himself I have certain disadvantages in addressing these questions. I did not know Gell at all personally. -
Milk Siblingship, Religious and Secular: History, Applications, And
Women and Birth 27 (2014) e16–e19 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Women and Birth jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/wombi Review article Milk siblingship, religious and secular: History, applications, and implications for practice Virginia Thorley * School of History, Philosophy, Religion & Classics, The University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Article history: Problem or background: Milk kinship has religious and practical importance to Muslim families that is not Received 8 July 2014 well understood in Western cultures. The relationship occurs when an infant receives the milk of a Received in revised form 15 September 2014 woman other than the biological mother, creating familial relationships between the child and the Accepted 15 September 2014 woman whose milk is received. As milk siblings, her children and the recipient infant must never marry each other. Midwives in Western countries may encounter this in relation to human milk banking. Keywords: Aim: This review provides a context for respectfully assisting families with their decision making when Milk siblingship they are offered banked milk. Culture Methods: A database search was conducted and other publications were found manually. Kinship Breastfeeding Review/findings: Milk siblingship can be religious or secular. In Islam similar prohibitions on marriage Milk banking exist to those for blood relations. The mothers therefore have to be known to each other to prevent an inappropriate marriage. This relationship has been a barrier to use of human milk banks by Muslim families as milk from several mothers is usually pooled. -
Art History and Cultural Difference: Alfred Gell's Anthropology Of
Published in: Art History Vol. 28 No. 4 (Autumn 2005) pp. 524-51. Art History and Cultural Difference: Alfred Gell’s Anthropology of Art Matthew Rampley One of the most pressing issues currently confronting the theory and history of art is the question of cultural difference. Specifically, what are the implications of the difference between western and non-Western cultures for the task of visual and artistic analysis? In what ways is it possible to undertake cross-cultural analysis while remaining within the frame of art history – a set of discourses originally formulated to account for the development of Western art? The responses to this question have been varied, ranging from an emphasis on the complete incommensurability of different cultures to ambitious attempts at constructing world art histories. In this article I examine the work of one particular author – the anthropologist Alfred Gell (1945-1997) – and his contribution to discussion on this issue. As I argue, Gell offers some potentially significant ways of rethinking this question, and specifically, his work offers the outline of a possible form of cross-cultural analysis that avoids some of the pitfalls that have beset previous such attempts. I analyse Gell in detail shortly, but before doing so, offer a brief overview of the current state of critical debate on the issue. Questions of Cultural Difference 1 Published in: Art History Vol. 28 No. 4 (Autumn 2005) pp. 524-51. At the root of the topic of cultural difference are a number of inter-related questions. In particular: -
The Scope for Female Cooperative Breeding in Early Homo
Who Was Helping? The Scope for Female Cooperative Breeding in Early Homo The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Bell, Adrian Viliami, Katie Hinde, and Lesley Newson. 2013. “Who Was Helping? The Scope for Female Cooperative Breeding in Early Homo.” PLoS ONE 8 (12): e83667. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0083667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083667. Published Version doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0083667 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11879288 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Who Was Helping? The Scope for Female Cooperative Breeding in Early Homo Adrian Viliami Bell1*, Katie Hinde2,3, Lesley Newson4,5 1 Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America, 2 Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachussetts, United States of America, 3 Brain, Mind, and Behavior Unit, California National Primate Research Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America, 4 Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America, 5 College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom Abstract Derived aspects of our human life history, such as short interbirth intervals and altricial newborns, have been attributed to male provisioning of nutrient-rich meat within monogamous relationships.