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Frida Kahlo Pain and Passion Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo Surrealism Magic Realism Mexican Painter (1907-1954) Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderon, as her name appears on her birth certificate was born on July 6, 1907 in the house of her parents, known as La Casa Azul (The Blue House), in Coyoacan. At the time, this was a small town on the outskirts of Mexico City. Her father, Guillermo Kahlo (1872-1941), was born Carl Wilhelm Kahlo in Pforzheim, Germany. He was the son of the painter and goldsmith Jakob Heinrich Kahlo and Henriett E. Kaufmann. Kahlo claimed her father was of Jewish and Hun- garian ancestry, but a 2005 book on Guillermo Kahlo, Fridas Vater (Schirmer/Mosel, 2005), states Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderon, as her that he was descended from a long line of German name appears on her birth certificate was born on July Lutherans. 6, 1907 in the house of her parents, known as La Casa Azul (The Blue House), in Coyoacan. At the time, this Wilhelm Kahlo sailed to Mexico in 1891 at the was a small town on the outskirts of Mexico City. age of nineteen and, upon his arrival, changed his German forename, Wilhelm, to its Spanish Her father, Guillermo Kahlo (1872-1941), was born equivalent, ‘Guillermo’. During the late 1930s, in Carl Wilhelm Kahlo in Pforzheim, Germany. He was the face of rising Nazism in Germany, Frida ac- the son of the painter and goldsmith Jakob Heinrich knowledged and asserted her German heritage by Kahlo and Henriett E. Kaufmann. spelling her name, Frieda (an allusion to “Frieden”, which means “peace” in German). Kahlo claimed her father was of Jewish and Hungarian ancestry, but a 2005 book on Guillermo Kahlo, Fri- Frida’s mother, Matilde Calderon y Gonzalez, was das Vater (Schirmer/Mosel, 2005), states that he was a devout Catholic of primarily indigenous, as well descended from a long line of German Lutherans. as Spanish descent. Frida’s parents were married shortly after the death of Guillermo’s first wife Wilhelm Kahlo sailed to Mexico in 1891 at the age of during the birth of her second child. Although nineteen and, upon his arrival, changed his German their marriage was quite unhappy, Guillermo and forename, Wilhelm, to its Spanish equivalent, ‘Guiller- Matilde had four daughters, with Frida being the mo’. During the late 1930s, in the face of rising Nazism third. She had two older half sisters. Frida once in Germany, Frida acknowledged and asserted her remarked that she grew up in a world surrounded German heritage by spelling her name, Frieda (an al- by females. Throughout most of her life, however, lusion to “Frieden”, which means “peace” in German). Frida remained close to her father. Frida’s mother, Matilde Calderon y Gonzalez, was a The Mexican Revolution began in 1910 when devout Catholic of primarily indigenous, as well as Kahlo was three years old. Later, however, Kah- Spanish descent. Frida’s parents were married short- lo claimed that she was born in 1910 so people ly after the death of Guillermo’s first wife during the would directly associate her with the revolution. birth of her second child. Although their marriage In her writings, she recalled that her mother was quite unhappy, Guillermo and Matilde had four would usher her and her sisters inside the house daughters, with Frida being the third. She had two as gunfire echoed in the streets of her hometown, older half sisters. Frida once remarked that she grew which was extremely poor at the time. Occasional- up in a world surrounded by females. Throughout ly, men would leap over the walls into their back- most of her life, however, Frida remained close to her yard and sometimes her mother would prepare a father. meal for the hungry revolutionaries. 1 Frida Kahlo first met Diego Rivera when she was an Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderon, as her art student hoping to get advice on her career from the name appears on her birth certificate was born on famous Mexican muralist. Although Rivera was mar- July 6, 1907 in the house of her parents, known as ried, a courtship ensued. They wed in 1929 (he was 42, La Casa Azul (The Blue House), in Coyoacan. At she was 22) much to the disapproval of Frida’s parents, the time, this was a small town on the outskirts of who referred to the couple as “the elephant and the Mexico City. dove.” With volatile tempers and countless infidelities, the marriage was notoriously tumultuous. The couple Her father, Guillermo Kahlo (1872-1941), was born divorced in 1939 only to remarry a year later, though Carl Wilhelm Kahlo in Pforzheim, Germany. He was the second marriage was just as turbulent as the first. the son of the painter and goldsmith Jakob Heinrich Both have long been recognized as important painters Kahlo and Henriett E. Kaufmann. who achieved great international popularity during their lifetimes. Kahlo claimed her father was of Jewish and Hungar- Wilhelm Kahlo sailed to Mexico in 1891 at the ian ancestry, but a 2005 book on Guillermo Kahlo, age of nineteen and, upon his arrival, changed his Fridas Vater (Schirmer/Mosel, 2005), states that he German forename, Wilhelm, to its Spanish equiva- was descended from a long line of German Luther- lent, ‘Guillermo’. During the late 1930s, in the face ans. of rising Nazism in Germany, Frida acknowledged and asserted her German heritage by spelling her Wilhelm Kahlo sailed to Mexico in 1891 at the name, Frieda (an allusion to “Frieden”, which means age of nineteen and, upon his arrival, changed his “peace” in German) German forename, Wilhelm, to its Spanish equivalent, ‘Guillermo’. During the late 1930s, in the face of rising Nazism in Germany, Frida acknowledged and asserted her German heritage by spelling her name, Frieda (an allusion to “Frieden”, which means “peace” in German). Frida’s mother, Matilde Calderon y Gonzalez, was a devout Catholic of primarily indigenous, as well as Spanish descent. Frida’s parents were married shortly after the death of Guillermo’s first wife during the birth of her second child. Although their marriage was quite unhappy, Guillermo and Matilde had four daughters, with Frida being the third. She had two older half sisters. Frida once remarked that she grew up in a world surrounded by females. Throughout most of her life, however, Frida remained close to Wilhelm Kahlo sailed to Mexico in 1891 at the her father. age of nineteen and, upon his arrival, changed his German forename, Wilhelm, to its Spanish equiva- The Mexican Revolution began in 1910 when Kahlo lent, ‘Guillermo’. During the late 1930s, in the face was three years old. Later, however, Kahlo claimed of rising Nazism in Germany, Frida acknowledged that she was born in 1910 so people would directly and asserted her German heritage by spelling her associate her with the revolution. In her writings, name, Frieda (an allusion to “Frieden”, which means she recalled that her mother would usher her and “peace” in German) Wilhelm Kahlo sailed to Mex- her sisters inside the house as gunfire echoed in the ico in 1891 at the age of nineteen and, upon his streets of her hometown, which was extremely poor arrival, changed his German forename, Wilhelm, to at the time. Occasionally, men would leap over the its Spanish equivalent, ‘Guillermo’. During the late walls into their backyard and sometimes her mother 1930s, in the face of rising Nazism in Germany, Fri- would prepare a meal for the hungry revolution- da acknowledged and asserted her German heritage aries. 2 Wilhelm Kahlo sailed to Mexico in 1891 at the Frida Kahlo is a Mexican painter, born on July 6, age of nineteen and, upon his arrival, changed his 1907 and dead on July 13, 1954. German forename, Wilhelm, to its Spanish equivalent, ‘Guillermo’. During the late 1930s, in the face Frida claimed to be born on 1910, the year of the of rising Nazism in Germany, Frida acknowledged outbreak of the Mexican revolution, because she and asserted her German heritage by spelling wanted her life began together with the modern her name, Frieda (an allusion to “Frieden”, which Mexico. means “peace” in German) Frida Kahlo is a Mexi- can painter, born on July 6, 1907 and dead on July This detail well introduces us to a singular person- 13, 1954. ality, characterized since her childhood by a deep sense of independence and rebellion against social Frida claimed to be born on 1910, the year of the and moral ordinary habits, moved by passion and outbreak of the Mexican revolution, because she sensuality, proud of her “Mexicanidad” and cultural wanted her life began together with the modern tradition set against the reigning Americanization: Mexico. everything mixed with a peculiar sense of humour. This detail well introduces us to a singular person- Her life was marked by physical suffering, started ality, characterized since her childhood by a deep with the polio contracted at the age of five and wors- sense of independence and rebellion against social en by her life-dominating event occurred in 1925. and moral ordinary habits, moved by passion and A bus accident caused severe injuries to her body sensuality, proud of her “Mexicanidad” and cul- owing to a pole that pierced her from the stomach tural tradition set against the reigning American- to the pelvis. The medicine of her time tortured ization: everything mixed with a peculiar sense of her body with surgical operations (32 throughout humour. her life), corsets of different kinds and mechanical “stretching” systems. Her life was marked by physical suffering, started with the polio contracted at the age of five and Lots of her works were painted laying in the bed.

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