Republic of Rwanda
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REPUBLIC OF RWANDA Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL RESOURCES RWANDA FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT FINAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR SELECTED FEEDER ROADS KARONGI DISTRICT Public Disclosure Authorized November , 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables 4 List of Figures 5 List of Photographs 5 Annexure 5 Abbreviations 5 0 Executive Summary 8 PART I ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 14 1 Introduction 14 1.1 Background of the Project 14 1.2 Objective 16 1.3 Scope of Services 16 1.4 Approach and Methodology 17 1.4.1 Review of Baseline Data and Up-date 19 1.4.2 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment 19 1.4.3 Social Analysis 19 1.4.4 Environmental and Social Management Plan 20 1.4.5 Public Consultations 20 1.4.6 Environmental and Social Monitoring 20 1.5 Liaison with Authorities 20 1.6 Format of the Report 21 2 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework 22 2.1 National Relevant Policies and Strategy 22 2.1.1 National Environmental Policy 22 2.1.2 National Water Policy 23 2.1.3 National Forest Policy 23 2.1.4 Transport Policy 23 2.1.5 National Land Policy 24 2.1.6 Public Transport Policy on Environmental Sustainability 24 2.1.7 National Development Strategy 24 2.2 Legal Instruments 25 2.2.1 Important Environmental Legislations 25 2.3 Institutional Framework/ Arrangement 26 2.3.1 Province and Districts 28 2.3.2 EIA Procedure and Environmental Category in Rwanda 28 2.3.3 Rwanda Environmental Standards 29 2.4 International Environmental Framework and Agreements 30 2.4.1 Environmental Assessment Category of Projects 30 3 Project Description 36 3.1 Project Location 36 3.2 Objective of the Project 36 1 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Selected Feeder Roads in the District of Karongi in Rwanda - Project ID: P 126498 3.3 Project Details 36 3.3.1 Brief Description of Feeder Roads 37 3.3.2 Present and Projected Traffic 38 3.3.3 Feeder Road Design Standards 39 3.3.4 Planned Activities for Proposed Feeder Roads 39 3.4 Analysis of Alternatives 44 3.4.1 Without Project Alternative 44 3.4.2 With Project Alternative 45 3.5 Quantity of Material for Construction 45 3.5.1 Borrow Area Sites 46 3.6 Construction Schedule 46 3.7 Cost of the Projects 47 4 Environmental and Social Baseline Data 48 4.1 General 48 4.2 Study Area 50 4.3 Land Environment 51 4.3.1 Physiography and Land Use 51 4.3.2 Geology and Soils 51 4.3.3 Soil Erosion 52 4.4 Water Environment 53 4.4.1 Precipitation and Temperature 53 4.4.2 Surface Water Resources 54 4.4.3 Water Quality 56 4.5 Air Environment 56 4.6 Noise Quality 56 4.7 Ecological Environment 57 4.7.1 Forest, Flora and Vegetation 58 4.7.2 Fauna / Wildlife 60 4.7.3 Avifauna 60 4.8 Physical Cultural Resources 61 4.8.1 Infrastructure Facilities 61 4.9 Socio-economic Environment 61 5 Environmental and Social Impacts 66 5.1 Environmental and Social Impacts 66 5.2 Impact Identification 66 5.3 Positive Impact 66 5.3.1 Impact During Planning and Design 67 5.3.2 Impact during Construction Phase 67 5.3.3 Impact During Operation Phase 68 5.4 Negative Impact 70 5.4.1 Impact During Planning and Design 74 5.4.2 Impact during Construction Phase 75 5.4.3 Impact During Operation Phase 81 5.5 Impacts Analysis 83 2 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Selected Feeder Roads in the District of Karongi in Rwanda - Project ID: P 126498 6 Environmental Management Plan, Mitigation and Enhancement Measures 87 6.1 Environment and Social Management Plans 87 6.2 Proposed Mitigation Measures 88 6.3 Specific Issues and Management Plans 94 6.3.1 Restoration of Facilities 99 6.3.2 Design Consideration during detailed Engineering 99 6.3.3 Environmental Social Management Issues in Tender Documents 100 6.4 Cost of Environmental and Social Management Plan 100 6.5 Environmental and Social Management Plan Implementation 102 6.5.1 Organization and Staffing 102 6.5.2 Environmental and Social Training 103 6.5.3 Monitoring and Reporting Procedures 103 6.5.4 Record Keeping 103 6.5.5 Implementing Schedule 104 6.6 Construction Management Guidelines 104 6.7 Alternatives 106 6.8 Disclosure of Environmental and Social Safeguards Instruments 106 6.9 Epilogue 106 7 Public Consultation 107 7.1 Public Consultation and Participation 107 7.1.1 Stakeholder 107 7.2 Public Participation Method and Process 108 7.3 Finding from Public Consultation 109 7.3.1 Focus Group Discussion 111 8 Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan and Costs 112 8.1 Environmental and Social Monitoring 112 8.2 Total Environmental and Social Monitoring Costs 112 9 Conclusions and Recommendations 116 9.1 Conclusions 116 9.2 Recommendations 118 PART II: PHYSICAL CULTURAL RESOURCES PLAN 119 1 Physical Cultural Resources Plan 119 1.1 Definitions 119 1.2 Legal and Policy Framework 119 1.3 Physical Cultural Resources 120 1.4 Institutional Frame Work 120 1.4.1 Institutional Implementation Arrangement 121 1.4.2 Timings 121 1.4.3 Role and Responsibility 121 1,4,4 Institutional Responsibility 123 1.5 Construction Phase Mitigation measures 123 1.5.1 Removal and Relocation Procedure for Graves 123 3 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Selected Feeder Roads in the District of Karongi in Rwanda - Project ID: P 126498 1.5.2 Removal and Relocation Procedure for buildings 123 1.5.3 Physical Cultural Resources Requiring Protection 124 1.6 Chances Find Procedure 124 1.7 Capacity 125 1.8 Budget 125 1.9 Communication and Reporting 126 LIST OF TABLES 1 Relevant World Bank Safeguard Operation Policies 31 2 Category of Project Subjected to EIA 33 3 Present and Projected Traffic 40 4 Proposed Design Standards for Rwanda Rural Roads 42 5 Drainage and RCC Abutments 43 6 Road Length by Intervention 43 7 Feeder Roads Improvement Intervention in the District 44 8 Quantity of Construction Material 46 9 Borrow Sites 47 10 Environmental and Social Scoping Matrix 49 11 Land use details of the District 51 12 Rainfall and Temperature 53 13 Water Bodies along Feeder Roads 54 14 Water Quality of Surface Water 56 15 Noise Level at Monitoring Sites 57 16 Trees Along Feeder Roads with on ROW 59 17 Girth Wise Details of Trees 59 18 Tree, Shrubs and Herbs along the Feeder Roads 60 19 Physical Cultural Resources 61 20 Infrastructure facilities 61 21 Details of Houses on Road Side 62 22 Impact Matrix for Potential Environmental Impacts 71 23 Land Use Change 74 24 Construction Spoil Disposal 77 25 Vehicles Emission Factor 78 26 Emission during Construction 78 27 Fuel Consumption Rates for Construction Machinery 79 28 Noise levels During Construction 80 29 Noise Due to Construction Machinery 80 30 Loss of Bio-mass 80 31 Noise Emitted by Vehicles 82 32 Projected Noise Levels 82 33 Impacts Analysis 84 34 EMP describes Impacts and Mitigation measures 89 35 Capacity of Septic Tanks for Individual Dwelling 95 36 Trees for Plantation 98 37 BOQ and Cost Estimates for Environmental Management plan 101 4 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Selected Feeder Roads in the District of Karongi in Rwanda - Project ID: P 126498 38 Schedule of Implementation 104 39 List of Authority Consulted 108 40 Summary of Public Consultation 110 41 Environmental and Social Monitoring Program 113 42 Bill of quantities and Cost Estimates 114 43 Physical Cultural Resources 120 44 Role and Responsibility 121 45 Budget for Protection of Physical Cultural Resources 126 LIST OF FIGURES 1 Location of the District in Rwanda 15 2 Approach and Methodology Flow Chart 18 3 EIA Procedure in Rwanda 29 4 Feeder Roads in the District 41 5 Construction Schedule 47 6 Location of Project Area Erosion Risk 52 7 Rainfall and Temperature in Karongi 55 8 Drainage Map of Karongi 55 LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS 1 Tree cutting, Forest and Typical Section of Road 64 2 Public Consultation, Forest and Banana Plantation 65 ANNEXURE 1 Study Team for the Project 127 2 Discharge Standards for Domestic Waste Water 127 3 Discharge Standards for Industrial Wastewater 128 4 Ambient Air quality Standards 129 5 Ambient Noise Standards 129 6 Tree Shrubs and Herbs and their origin 130 7 Common Wildlife of Nyungwe National Park 132 8 Questionnaire for Social Survey 137 9 PAPs Participated in Public Consultation 139 ABBREVIATIONS AIDS : Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome amsl : Above Mean Sea Level BP : Bank Procedure CBD : Convention on Biological Diversity DPR : Detailed Project Report DPs : Displaced Persons EA : Environmental Assessment 5 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Selected Feeder Roads in the District of Karongi in Rwanda - Project ID: P 126498 EDPRS : Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment EMP : Environmental Management Plans ESIA : Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMP : Environmental and Social Management Plan FS : Feasibility Studies GDP : Gross Domestic Product GOR : Government of Rwanda HIV : Human Immune Deficiency Virous IDA : International Development Association IL : Impact Level IWRM : Integrated Water resources Management LHS : Left Hand Side MDG : Millennium Development Goals MINAGRI : Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources MINALOC : Ministry of Local Government MINIRENA : Ministry of Natural Resources NAP : National Action Plan NAPA : National Plan of Action NBSAP : National Bio-diversity Strategy and Action Plan NCC : National Consultative Committee NGOs : Non-Governmental Organizations NFP : National Forest Policy NMT : Non-Motorized Transport NR : National Road NWP : National Water Policy OP : Operation Policy PAPs : Project Affected Persons PCRMP : Physical Cultural Resources Management Plan POL : Petroleum, Oils and Lubricants QA : Quality Assurance RAP : Resettlement Action Plan RBS : Rwanda Bureau of standards RCC : Reinforced Cement Concrete RDB : Rwanda Development Board REMA : Rwanda Environmental Management Authority RFP : Request for Proposal RFRDP : Rwanda Feeder Roads Development Project RLDSF : Rwanda Local Government Development Support Fund RHS : Right Hand Side RMF : Road Maintenance Fund RNRA : Rwanda National Resources Authority RTDA : Road Transport Development Agency Sq.